Single-power vertical marine boring machine for narrow space

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-power vertical marine boring machine for a narrow space, which is characterized in that a main shaft is provided with a boring machine, the side part of the main shaft is provided with a lead screw shaft, the lead screw shaft is provided with a boring cutter, and the boring machine is in switchable connection with the lead screw shaft through a feed gear box; the boring cutter does not move along the main shaft and does rotary cutting motion around the main shaft; according to the second type, the lead screw shaft only revolves around the main shaft and does not rotate, so that the boring cutter does feeding type feeding motion in the direction of the main shaft; a lock pin connected with the lead screw shaft is arranged at the bottom of the feed gear box, a set of gears are arranged between the lead screw shaft and the main shaft, rotation or non-rotation of the lead screw shaft is achieved through unlocking or locking of the lock pin, and switching of two modes under the condition of a single power source is achieved. The switching process is convenient and easy to operate, the feeding amount of the cutter along the main shaft is uniform and stable, the precision and consistency of boring machining are improved, the machining quality is improved, and the machining cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of boring machines, specifically a single-power vertical marine boring machine for use in confined spaces. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, the positioning and mounting holes of the main engine in a ship's engine room serve as a crucial foundation for the connection between the main engine and the hull structure. Their machining accuracy directly determines the installation quality, operational stability, and service life of the main engine. These mounting holes are typically pre-drilled as rough holes during the construction of hull sections. Before the main engine is hoisted into place, they require precision reaming to meet the design requirements for dimensional tolerances, geometric tolerances, and surface roughness. Due to the enormous size and weight of ship main engines, their mounting holes are often vertical, densely distributed, and have extremely high requirements for coaxiality and perpendicularity to ensure precise alignment between the main engine shaft system and the propulsion shaft system. However, the interior space of a ship's engine room is extremely limited, with compact equipment layout and complex pipelines, leaving very little room for subsequent precision machining. This unique working environment makes it difficult for large, general-purpose CNC machining equipment to enter and be positioned.

[0003] Currently, this finishing process relies entirely on skilled workers operating manual reamers, which is not only extremely labor-intensive and inefficient, but also significantly affects the processing quality due to the workers' skill level and physical condition, making it difficult to guarantee high precision and consistency. This has become a bottleneck in improving the efficiency and quality of main unit installation.

[0004] Existing technologies, whether manual or traditional CNC boring equipment, suffer from significant and insurmountable drawbacks, failing to meet the demands of vertical boring within the confined space of ships. Firstly, the disadvantages of manual operation are extremely prominent: its processing quality relies excessively on the operator's personal skills and experience, resulting in large variations in accuracy, poor consistency, and a susceptibility to quality problems such as flared holes, taper deviations, and hole axis misalignment. Operational efficiency is extremely low, often requiring several hours to complete a single hole, severely slowing down the overall progress of main engine installation. Furthermore, the operator's workload is immense; maintaining high-intensity, high-precision manual operation for extended periods in the harsh cabin environment poses a significant physical challenge and high safety risks. Secondly, the most fatal flaw of traditional CNC boring equipment lies in the fundamental contradiction between its enormous size resulting from a dual-power-source design and the limited application space. The independent main rotary motor and feed motor (or hydraulic system), corresponding transmission mechanisms (such as lead screws and guide rails), and support structures, layered upon each other, make the equipment extremely cumbersome in both height and radial dimensions. This makes it nearly impossible for it to move, position, and stay in place within the confined space of the cabin. Even if it manages to get into position, its massive size may obstruct the view, hinder measurements, or even interfere with surrounding equipment and pipelines.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a specialized piece of equipment for vertical precision boring or reaming in the confined space of ships, to replace manual labor and achieve mechanization, precision and efficiency in processing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an improved single-power vertical marine boring machine for confined spaces. Through structural improvements and the control of locking pins, the machine achieves the switching between tool cutting and feed motion under single-power conditions. It is suitable for operation in confined spaces, and is flexible, reliable, and improves efficiency and convenience.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a single-power vertical marine boring machine for confined spaces, characterized in that: the boring machine includes a power source and a main shaft, a boring bar is provided on the main shaft, a lead screw shaft is provided on the side of the main shaft, a boring tool is provided on the lead screw shaft, one end of the boring bar is connected to the power source through a synchronous belt drive system, and the other end of the boring bar is connected to the lead screw shaft through a feed gearbox to form a switchable connection, the switchable connection including two modes. In the first mode, the lead screw shaft moves around the main shaft with the boring bar. In the first mode, the lead screw shaft rotates, and the boring tool does not move along the spindle; instead, the boring tool performs a rotary cutting motion around the spindle. In the second mode, the lead screw shaft only revolves around the spindle and does not rotate itself, allowing the boring tool to perform a feed motion along the spindle direction. The bottom of the feed gearbox is equipped with a locking pin connected to the lead screw shaft. A set of gears that cooperate with each other are provided between the lead screw shaft and the spindle. The opening or locking of the locking pin enables the lead screw shaft to rotate or not rotate, realizing the switching between the two modes under a single power source.

[0008] Preferably, a feed screw is fitted around the lead screw shaft, and a feed nut is fitted on the feed screw. The boring tool is connected to the feed nut through a boring tool holder.

[0009] Furthermore, when the locking pin is open, the feed screw and the screw shaft rotate together. When the locking pin locks the screw shaft, the screw shaft does not rotate on its own, and a relative rotation occurs between the feed screw and the screw shaft, causing the feed nut to move along the screw shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a set of gears includes a first gear, a second gear, and a third and fourth gear that mesh with each other. The first gear is mounted on the main shaft, the second and third gears are mounted on the gear shaft, and the fourth gear is mounted on the feed screw. The first and second gears mesh with each other, and the third and fourth gears also mesh with each other. The first gear drives the second, third, and fourth gears to rotate in sequence.

[0011] Furthermore, the synchronous belt drive system includes a first synchronous pulley and a second synchronous pulley, which are connected by a synchronous belt. One side of the synchronous belt is provided with a tension screw for adjusting the tension of the synchronous belt. The second synchronous pulley is fixedly connected to the boring bar to drive the boring bar to rotate around the main shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the power source is a servo motor, which is mounted on the extension plate. The servo motor is connected to the reducer via a coupling, and the reducer is connected to the first synchronous pulley via a connecting shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the two ends of the feed screw are connected to the boring bar through the first copper sleeve and the second copper sleeve, respectively. The feed screw is provided with an openable dust cover, and the feed screw seat is provided at the bottom of the feed screw. The feed screw is fixedly connected to the feed screw seat through the third copper sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the boring bar is fixedly connected to the second synchronous pulley via a tensioning sleeve, one end of the boring bar is fitted with an outer sleeve, and the other end is fitted with a bearing seat.

[0015] Furthermore, the boring bar is connected to the outer sleeve and the bearing housing respectively by a pair of bearing supports, and the feed gearbox is fixedly connected to the boring bar.

[0016] Furthermore, one end of the locking pin is located inside the feed gearbox and connected to the lead screw shaft, while the other end extends outside the feed gearbox to form an operating section for easy tool clamping. The operating section is hexagonal in shape or knob-shaped. By clamping the operating section with a tool, the locking pin is kept stationary, thus locking the pin.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention not only improves the overall technical solution, but also includes many improvements in details. Specifically, it has the following beneficial effects: 1. The improved solution of the present invention includes a boring machine comprising a power source and a main shaft. A boring bar is mounted on the main shaft, and a lead screw shaft is mounted on the side of the main shaft. A boring tool is mounted on the lead screw shaft. One end of the boring bar is connected to the power source via a synchronous belt drive system, and the other end of the boring bar is connected to the lead screw shaft via a feed gearbox, forming a switchable connection. The switchable connection includes two modes. In the first mode, the lead screw shaft rotates around the main shaft with the boring bar, and the lead screw shaft itself also rotates. The boring tool does not move along the main shaft, and the boring tool performs a rotary cutting motion around the main shaft. In the second mode, the lead screw shaft only revolves around the main shaft and does not rotate itself, allowing the boring tool to perform a feed-type feed motion along the main shaft direction. Using a single power source makes the structure compact and small, suitable for operation in confined spaces. Simultaneously, the two motion modes can be switched freely, making operation convenient and improving work efficiency. 2. In the technical solution of the present invention, the bottom of the feed gearbox is provided with a locking pin connected to the lead screw shaft. A set of gears that cooperate with each other are provided between the locking pin and the main shaft. The lead screw shaft can rotate or not rotate by opening or locking the locking pin, realizing the switching between the two modes under a single power source. The switching process is convenient and easy to operate. At the same time, the feed amount of the tool along the main shaft is uniform and stable, which improves the accuracy and consistency of boring, improves the processing quality, and reduces the processing cost. 3. In the structure of this invention, a set of gears includes a first gear, a second gear, and a third and fourth gear that mesh with each other. The first gear is mounted on the main shaft, the second and third gears are mounted on the gear shaft, and the fourth gear is mounted on the feed screw. The first and second gears mesh with each other, and the third and fourth gears also mesh with each other. The first gear drives the second, third, and fourth gears to rotate in sequence. The feed motion of the tool is started by the meshing of the gears. The operation is convenient and controllable, the structure is simple, the labor intensity and technical threshold of the operator are reduced, and it is easy to implement. At the same time, the mechanical structure has stronger stability, environmental adaptability and reliability under harsh ship working conditions. 4. This invention features a compact structure, reasonable layout, wide applicability, low skill and physical requirements for operators, safe and reliable operation, and is easy to promote and utilize. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the basic principle of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feed gearbox of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of the feed gearbox of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the BB direction.

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the CC direction.

[0026] Figure 9 This is another structural schematic diagram of the feed gearbox of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label: 1 Power source, 2 Main spindle, 3 Boring bar, 4 Lead screw shaft, 5 Boring tool, 6 Feed gearbox, 7 Locking pin, 8 Synchronous belt drive system, 9 Reducer; 11. Extension plate; 12. Coupling; 31 Tensioning sleeve, 32 Outer sleeve, 33 Bearing housing, 34 Bearing support, 35 Mounting plate, 36 Locking nut, 37 End cap; 41 Feed screw, 42 Feed nut, 43 First copper sleeve, 44 Second copper sleeve, 45 Dust cover, 46 Feed screw seat, 47 Tool holder, 48 Tool holder pressure plate, 49 Third copper sleeve; 61 First gear, 62 Second gear, 63 Third gear, 64 Fourth gear; 71 Operations Department; 81 First synchronous pulley, 82 Second synchronous pulley, 83 Synchronous belt, 84 Tightening screw; 91 connecting shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] This invention provides a single-powered vertical marine boring machine for use in confined spaces, see details below. Figure 1 The difference between this boring machine and existing technologies lies in the following: The boring machine includes a power source 1 and a main spindle 2. A boring bar 3 is mounted on the main spindle, and a lead screw 4 is mounted on the side of the main spindle. A boring tool 5 is mounted on the lead screw 4. One end of the boring bar is connected to the power source via a synchronous belt drive system 8, and the other end of the boring bar is connected to the lead screw 4 via a feed gearbox 6. The switchable connection includes two modes. In the first mode, the lead screw 4 rotates around the main spindle with the boring bar and also rotates itself. The boring tool does not move along the main spindle and performs a rotary cutting motion around the main spindle. In the second mode, the lead screw 4 only revolves around the main spindle and does not rotate itself, allowing the boring tool to perform a feed-type feed motion along the main spindle. The bottom of the feed gearbox 6 is equipped with a locking pin 7 connected to the lead screw 4. A set of mutually cooperating gears are provided between the lead screw 4 and the main spindle. The opening or locking of the locking pin enables the lead screw 4 to rotate or not rotate, thus achieving the switching between the two modes under a single power source.

[0030] In practice, this invention can achieve two different motion states of the boring tool through a single power source, decoupling the rotary motion output by the single power source into two independent motions required by the tool (rotary cutting motion and axial feed motion). This allows the operator to switch modes in real time according to processing needs. The switching process is convenient and easy to operate. At the same time, the feed amount of the tool along the spindle is uniform and stable, which improves the accuracy and consistency of boring, improves the processing quality, and reduces the processing cost.

[0031] Example 1 This embodiment describes a single-powered vertical marine boring machine for use in confined spaces. See [link to documentation]. Figure 1 The boring machine includes a power source 1 and a main spindle 2. A boring bar 3 is mounted on the main spindle, and a lead screw 4 is located on the side of the main spindle. A boring tool 5 is mounted on the lead screw 4. One end of the boring bar is connected to the power source via a synchronous belt drive system 8, and the other end of the boring bar is connected to the lead screw 4 via a feed gearbox 6, forming a switchable connection. This switchable connection includes two modes: In the first mode, the lead screw 4 rotates around the main spindle along with the boring bar, and the lead screw 4 itself also rotates, while the boring tool does not move along the main spindle, performing a rotary cutting motion around the main spindle; In the second mode, the lead screw 4 only revolves around the main spindle without rotating itself, allowing the boring tool to perform a feed-type feed motion along the main spindle direction. A locking pin 7 connected to the lead screw 4 is located at the bottom of the feed gearbox 6. A set of meshing gears is provided between the lead screw 4 and the main spindle. The opening or locking of the locking pin allows the lead screw 4 to rotate or remain stationary, enabling switching between the two modes under a single power source.

[0032] In the second mode, the ratio of the power source speed to the boring tool feed speed is equal to (the transmission ratio of the reducer) × (the number of teeth of the second gear ÷ the number of teeth of the first gear) × (the number of teeth of the fourth gear ÷ the number of teeth of the third gear) ÷ (the pitch of the feed screw).

[0033] Specifically Figure 4 In the process, a feed screw 41 is fitted around the lead screw shaft 4, and a feed nut 42 is fitted on the feed screw. The boring tool is connected to the feed nut via a boring tool holder. When the locking pin is open, the feed screw and the lead screw shaft rotate together. When the locking pin locks the lead screw shaft, the lead screw shaft does not rotate on its own, and relative rotation occurs between the feed screw and the lead screw shaft, causing the feed nut to move along the lead screw shaft.

[0034] Specifically, the feed screw here has a degree of freedom of rotation relative to the screw shaft. That is, the screw shaft can rotate together with the feed screw under the drive of gears, or the feed screw can still rotate under the action of gears when the screw shaft is not rotating. Specifically, a certain friction surface can be formed at the contact surface of the two, so that the two can rotate together when the locking pin is not locked. Alternatively, a protruding locking block can be provided on the outer wall of one end of the screw shaft, and a groove is provided on the inner wall of the feed screw to cooperate with the locking block. When the two are engaged, they can rotate together. When the screw shaft is pulled out a small section along the direction of the locking pin, the locking block disengages from the groove, and the screw shaft will not rotate with the feed screw.

[0035] Furthermore, a set of gears includes a first gear, a second gear, and a third and fourth gear that mesh with each other, see [link to previous section] Figure 7-9 The first gear 61 is mounted on the main shaft, the second gear 62 and the third gear 63 are mounted on the gear shaft, and the fourth gear 64 is mounted on the feed screw. The first and second gears mesh with each other, and the third and fourth gears also mesh with each other. The first gear drives the second, third and fourth gears to rotate in sequence.

[0036] The two ends of the feed screw are connected to the boring bar via a first copper sleeve 43 and a second copper sleeve 44, respectively. The feed screw is equipped with an openable dust cover 45, and a feed screw seat 46 is located at its bottom. The feed screw is fixedly connected to the feed screw seat via a third copper sleeve. One end of the boring bar 3 is fixedly connected to the second synchronous pulley 82 via a tensioning sleeve 31. An outer sleeve 32 is fitted onto one end of the boring bar, and a bearing seat 33 is fitted onto the other end. The boring bar is connected to the outer sleeve and the bearing seat via a pair of bearing supports 34, respectively. The feed gearbox is fixedly connected to the boring bar.

[0037] Figure 2 , Figure 3 In the synchronous belt drive system 8, there are a first synchronous pulley 81 and a second synchronous pulley 82. The first and second synchronous pulleys are connected by a synchronous belt 83. One side of the synchronous belt is provided with a tensioning screw 84 for adjusting the tension of the synchronous belt. The second synchronous pulley is fixedly connected to the boring bar to drive the boring bar to rotate around the main shaft. The power source is a servo motor, which is mounted on the extension plate 11. The servo motor is connected to the reducer 9 through a coupling 12. The reducer is connected to the first synchronous pulley 81 through a connecting shaft 91.

[0038] Figure 5 , 6 In this design, one end of the locking pin is located inside the feed gearbox and engages with the lead screw shaft, while the other end extends outside the feed gearbox to form an operating part 71 for easy tool clamping. The operating part is hexagonal in shape or knob-shaped. By clamping the operating part with a tool, the tool is kept stationary, thus locking the pin.

[0039] Example 2 This embodiment describes a single-power vertical marine boring machine for use in confined spaces. The boring machine includes a power source 1 and a main shaft 2. A boring bar 3 is mounted on the main shaft, and a lead screw shaft 4 is mounted on the side of the main shaft. A boring tool 5 is mounted on the lead screw shaft. One end of the boring bar is connected to the power source via a synchronous belt drive system 8, and the other end of the boring bar is connected to the lead screw shaft via a feed gearbox 6, forming a switchable connection. The switchable connection includes two modes. In the first mode, the lead screw shaft rotates around the main shaft with the boring bar. In the first mode, the lead screw shaft itself rotates, while the boring tool does not move along the main shaft; instead, the boring tool performs a rotary cutting motion around the main shaft. In the second mode, the lead screw shaft only revolves around the main shaft without rotating itself, allowing the boring tool to perform a feed motion along the main shaft. A locking pin 7 connected to the lead screw shaft is located at the bottom of the feed gearbox (6). A set of meshing gears connects the lead screw shaft to the main shaft. The opening or locking of the locking pin allows the lead screw shaft to rotate or remain stationary, enabling switching between the two modes under a single power source. Specifically, the lead screw shaft can have two states: ① Revolving around the main shaft while simultaneously rotating on its own axis. ② Simply revolving around the main shaft. This allows a single servo motor to generate two directions of movement for the boring tool, creating a single-power vertical marine boring machine for confined spaces.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the boring bar is connected to the outer sleeve and bearing housing via two bearings, giving it the freedom to rotate around the main shaft. The upper end of the boring bar is fixed to the synchronous pulley 2 via a tensioning sleeve. The feed screw is connected to the boring bar via copper sleeves 1 and 2, and to the feed screw seat via copper sleeve 3, giving it the freedom to rotate around the screw shaft. The feed gearbox is fixed to the boring bar and rotates around the main shaft. A gear in the feed gearbox is fixed to the feed screw. The power of the feed gearbox rotating around the main shaft is transmitted to the feed screw. If the rotation of the feed screw around the screw shaft is not restricted, the screw shaft does not rotate, but the feed screw rotates (i.e., via the aforementioned "locking pin"). Then the feed nut will translate along the screw shaft, driving the tool holder to translate along the screw shaft, thus realizing the feed. Conversely, if the relative rotation of the feed screw around the screw shaft is restricted (i.e., by the aforementioned "non-locking pin"), and the two rotate synchronously, then the feed nut will rotate around the spindle along with the boring bar, and the tool holder will not translate along the screw shaft, thus no feed action will occur.

[0041] Among them, the feed gearbox assembly is shown in the following figure. Figure 5-9 When the locking pin is locked, the fourth gear not only rotates around the main shaft, but also rotates relative to each other. This rotation is transmitted from the first gear to the fourth gear, causing the fourth gear to rotate around the lead screw shaft as well. This, in turn, drives the aforementioned feed nut to translate along the lead screw shaft, thus achieving feed.

[0042] One end of the locking pin is located inside the feed gearbox and engages with the lead screw shaft, while the other end extends outside the feed gearbox to form an operating section for easy tool clamping. The operating section is hexagonal in shape. The operator can hold an external hex wrench and place it on the locking pin (the locking pin itself is hexagonal). When the feed gearbox rotates around the main shaft, the wrench held by the operator rotates along with it, but the direction of the wrench should not change so that the lead screw shaft does not rotate on its own axis. In this way, the locking pin can rotate both around the main shaft and around the lead screw shaft, thereby achieving tool feed.

[0043] The operation of this invention includes the following steps: First, a single servo motor is started, and the power is transmitted through a synchronous belt drive system to drive the boring bar and the boring tool mounted on it to revolve around the spindle for cutting.

[0044] Secondly, when axial feed (tool feed motion) is required, the operator engages a tool with a locking pin operating part that extends to the outside of the tool feed gearbox, and keeps the tool stationary during the rotation of the boring bar, thereby locking the locking pin. The gear inside the tool feed gearbox drives the feed screw and the screw shaft to rotate relative to each other, diverting the revolution motion of the boring bar and converting it into the rotation motion of the feed screw, driving the boring tool to feed.

[0045] Finally, when it is necessary to stop the feed, release the locking pin operating part, the tool separates from the locking pin, the lead screw continues to rotate, and the boring tool only continues to revolve and cut.

[0046] The present invention can achieve the following effects: 1. Single power source driving dual motion composite system The core innovation of this invention is that it abandons the traditional design paradigm of CNC boring equipment, which must rely on two independent motors (a spindle rotary motor and a feed servo motor). It creatively employs a single servo motor, driving the boring bar (achieving spindle rotation) via a synchronous belt drive system. Simultaneously, a built-in "feed gearbox" diverts 20-30% of the power from the main rotary motion, converting it into the rotational motion of the feed screw (achieving feed motion). This integrated "one-motor-two-transmission" design fundamentally solves the problem of bulky equipment caused by multiple power sources, minimizing its height and perfectly adapting it to the confined vertical space of a ship's engine room.

[0047] 2. Mechanical "revolution / rotation" state switching mechanism (locking pin mechanism) This invention proposes an ingenious and reliable mechanical solution for switching motion modes. Its core is a locking pin that can be externally intervened by the operator. By locking or releasing this pin, the motion state of the gears inside the "feeder gearbox" can be forcibly changed, thereby precisely controlling whether the lead screw shaft switches between two modes: "only revolving around the main shaft with the boring bar" or "both revolving and rotating." This purely mechanical switching method is simple in structure, low in cost, and reliable in operation, requiring no complex sensors or electronic control programs. It is particularly suitable for harsh working conditions such as shipyards, where there is severe oil pollution, vibration, and electromagnetic interference.

[0048] 3. Artificial Cooperative Feeding Method Based on the Principle of Relative Motion In the tool-feeding mode (locking pin locking), this invention introduces a unique human-machine collaborative operation concept. The operator is not completely passive but needs to hold a tool (such as a hex wrench) to fix the position of the locking pin. At this time, a relative motion occurs between the stationary reference frame of the operator's arm and the rotating gearbox. It is this relative motion that forces the gears inside the gearbox to mesh and transmit power, ultimately converting it into the rotation of the lead screw shaft. This method incorporates human body sensation as part of the control system, eliminating the need for expensive servo drives and encoder feedback systems. It is an innovative approach that minimizes costs and simplifies the structure while ensuring the core function (automatic feed).

[0049] The advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. The equipment structure has been greatly optimized, perfectly adapting to the needs of working in confined spaces. The most direct and prominent benefit of this invention is that it completely solves the problem of traditional CNC boring equipment being bulky and unable to enter the ship's engine room due to its dual power sources. By eliminating large components such as independent feed servo motors, lead screws, and guide rails, the feed transmission system is highly integrated inside the rotating boring bar, achieving compactness and miniaturization of the equipment, especially significantly reducing its radial dimensions and height. This allows the device to be easily transported to narrow locations inside the ship's cabin and conveniently installed and fixed, ultimately enabling mechanized and precise boring operations in previously inaccessible confined spaces, fundamentally liberating manpower.

[0050] 2. Significantly reduced manufacturing costs, maintenance costs, and energy consumption. Because it uses only a single servo motor as the power source, the hardware cost of this invention is significantly reduced compared to traditional equipment with dual servo systems. Compared to complex electronic control systems, the mechanical structure offers higher reliability, a lower failure rate, and simpler and cheaper maintenance. Single-motor drive also means a direct halving of energy consumption, meeting energy conservation and environmental protection requirements.

[0051] 3. Improved machining accuracy and consistency, ensuring the quality of main unit installation. This invention replaces purely manual labor with mechanical transmission, eliminating excessive reliance on the operator's personal skills and physical condition for processing quality. The servo motor provides a stable and controllable spindle speed, while the feed motion derived from the feed gearbox maintains strict synchronization with the spindle rotation, resulting in uniform and stable feed. This inherent mechanical connection ensures the stability of the processing, effectively avoiding quality problems such as hole taper, flaring, and axis misalignment that are easily caused by manual operation. This results in a precision hole system with highly consistent dimensional tolerances, geometric tolerances, and surface roughness, laying a solid foundation for the accurate and reliable installation of marine main engines.

[0052] 4. It combines the efficiency of automation with the flexibility and reliability of manual operation. This invention ingeniously provides a highly efficient and reliable solution that bridges the gap between purely manual and fully automatic operation. For rough machining or when only reaming is required, the locking pin can be released, allowing the equipment to perform efficient single-rotation cutting, making operation convenient and easy. When precise feed control is needed, locking the locking pin activates the automatic feed function. Although manual intervention (holding the tool) is still required, the force required is minimal, as the precise feed is automatically achieved through the equipment's mechanical structure, significantly reducing the operator's workload and technical barriers. This mechanical structure has no complex electronic components, exhibits strong resistance to oil, moisture, and electromagnetic interference, and demonstrates greater environmental adaptability and reliability than fully automatic electronic equipment in harsh marine conditions.

[0053] 5. Operational safety has been fundamentally improved. In traditional manual labor, operators must apply enormous torque in uncomfortable postures, posing safety risks such as tool breakage and operator fatigue. This invention liberates operators from heavy physical labor, transforming their role from "force exertor" to "monitor and auxiliary controller." Their main tasks become mode switching and dimensional measurement, resulting in a substantial reduction in both labor intensity and safety risks.

[0054] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow spaces, characterized in that: The boring machine comprises a power source and a main shaft, the main shaft is provided with a boring bar, a screw rod shaft is arranged on the side of the main shaft, a boring cutter is arranged on the screw rod shaft, one end of the boring bar is connected with the power source through a synchronous belt transmission system, the other end of the boring bar is connected with the screw rod shaft through a tool feeding gear box to form a switchable connection, the switchable connection comprises two modes, in the first mode, the screw rod shaft rotates around the main shaft with the boring bar, the screw rod shaft also rotates by itself, the boring cutter does not move along the main shaft, and the boring cutter rotates and cuts around the main shaft; in the second mode, the screw rod shaft only revolves around the main shaft, and does not rotate by itself, so that the boring cutter moves along the main shaft in a feeding mode; the tool feeding gear box is provided with a locking pin connected with the screw rod shaft, a set of gears matched with each other are arranged between the screw rod shaft and the main shaft, the locking pin is opened or locked to realize the rotation or non-rotation of the screw rod shaft, and the switching of the two modes under the condition of a single power source is realized.

2. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw rod shaft is externally sleeved with a tool feeding screw rod matched therewith, the tool feeding screw rod is provided with a tool feeding nut matched therewith, and the boring cutter is connected with the tool feeding nut through a boring cutter holder.

3. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the locking pin is opened, the tool feeding screw rod and the screw rod shaft rotate together, when the locking pin locks the screw rod shaft, the screw rod shaft does not rotate by itself, and the tool feeding screw rod rotates relative to the screw rod shaft, so that the tool feeding nut moves along the screw rod shaft.

4. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The set of gears comprises first and second gears and third and fourth gears matched with each other, the first gear is arranged on the main shaft, the second and third gears are arranged on a gear shaft, and the fourth gear is arranged on the tool feeding screw rod; the first and second gears are meshed with each other, the third and fourth gears are also meshed with each other, and the first gear drives the second, third and fourth gears to rotate in sequence.

5. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous belt transmission system comprises first and second synchronous wheels, the first and second synchronous wheels are connected through a synchronous belt, and one side of the synchronous belt is provided with a tension screw for adjusting the tension of the synchronous belt; the second synchronous wheel is fixedly connected with the boring bar to drive the boring bar to rotate around the main shaft.

6. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power source is a servo motor, the servo motor is arranged on an extension plate, the servo motor is connected with a speed reducer through a shaft coupling, and the speed reducer is connected with the first synchronous wheel through a connecting shaft.

7. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the tool feeding screw rod are connected with the boring bar through first and second copper sleeves respectively, the tool feeding screw rod is externally provided with an openable and closable dust cover, the bottom of the tool feeding screw rod is provided with a tool feeding screw rod seat, and the tool feeding screw rod is fixedly connected with the tool feeding screw rod seat through a third copper sleeve.

8. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of one end of the boring bar is fixedly connected with the second synchronous wheel through a tension sleeve, the one end of the boring bar is sleeved with an outer sleeve, and the other end is sleeved with a bearing seat.

9. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 8, characterized in that: The boring bar is supported by a pair of bearings and connected with the outer sleeve and the bearing seat respectively, and the tool feeding gear box is fixedly connected with the boring bar.

10. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the locking pin is arranged in the tool feeding gear box and connected with the screw rod shaft, the other end extends to the outside of the tool feeding gear box to form an operating portion, and a tool is clamped.

11. A single power vertical ship boring machine for narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating portion is in the shape of an outer hexagon or a knob, the tool clamps the operating portion to keep it in a static state, and the locking pin is locked.

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