Film forming mechanism, film preparation equipment and electrode plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a film forming mechanism, a piece making device and an electrode piece, the film forming mechanism comprises N calendering rollers, the N calendering rollers are arranged in sequence and are suitable for conveying materials and carrying out multiple times of calendering on the conveyed materials to form a film, N-1 gaps are formed among the N calendering rollers, and in the material conveying direction, N-1 gaps are formed between the N calendering rollers, N-1 gaps are formed between the N calendering rollers, and N-1 gaps are formed between the N calendering rollers. The sizes of the N-1 gaps are gradually reduced in an equal difference mode, the speeds of the N calendering rollers are sequentially increased, and N is an integer larger than or equal to 3. Therefore, the prepared diaphragm is compact and uniform in thickness, and the strength of the diaphragm is enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrode manufacturing and battery, and particularly relates to a film forming mechanism, a sheet manufacturing device and an electrode sheet. BACKGROUND

[0002] The dry process refers to directly mixing the binder, active electrode components and conductive agent by the sheet manufacturing device, then making the dry mixture into a film sheet in the way of calendering, and then compounding the film sheet with the current collector to form the electrode sheet. In the related art, the film sheet prepared by the film forming mechanism has poor strength and uneven thickness. SUMMARY

[0003] The film forming mechanism, the sheet manufacturing device and the electrode sheet provided by the embodiments of the present application can improve the strength of the film sheet prepared by the film forming mechanism and make the thickness of the film sheet uniform.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to a first aspect of the present application, a film forming mechanism is provided, comprising N calendering rollers, the N calendering rollers are arranged in sequence and are adapted to convey material and perform multiple calendering on the conveyed material to form a film sheet, N-1 gaps are formed between the N calendering rollers, along the material conveying direction, the sizes of the N-1 gaps are arranged in equal difference, and the speeds of the N calendering rollers are sequentially increased, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0005] Optionally, along the material conveying direction, the difference between two adjacent gaps is ΔK, wherein, .

[0006] Optionally, the ratio of the larger speed value to the smaller speed value of two adjacent calendering rollers forms a speed ratio parameter, the difference between the larger speed ratio parameter and the smaller speed ratio parameter of the two closest speed ratio parameters forms a speed ratio difference, N-1 speed ratio parameters are formed by the N calendering rollers, and N-2 speed ratio differences are formed by the N-1 speed ratio parameters, wherein the N-2 speed ratio difference values are arranged in equal difference, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 4.

[0007] Optionally, the difference between two adjacent speed ratio differences is ΔV, wherein, .

[0008] Optionally, along the material conveying direction, the radii of the multiple calendering rollers sequentially increase.

[0009] Optionally, two adjacent calendering rollers comprise a first calendering roller and a second calendering roller, along the material conveying direction, the first calendering roller is upstream of the second calendering roller, wherein the radius of the first calendering roller is R1, the radius of the second calendering roller is R2, .

[0010] According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a tabletting device comprising two film forming mechanisms as described above, each of the film forming mechanisms further comprising a compound roller, the compound rollers of the two film forming mechanisms being arranged adjacent to each other, and the compound rollers being used to compound two film pieces and a current collector to form an electrode piece.

[0011] Optionally, the tabletting device further comprises a calender assembly comprising a plurality of calender rollers, the plurality of calender rollers being used to calender the electrode piece, wherein the radius of the calender rollers is greater than the radius of the calender rollers.

[0012] Optionally, the radius of the calender rollers is R3, and the radius of the calender rollers is R4, wherein, .

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided an electrode piece prepared based on the tabletting device as described above, the electrode piece comprising: a current collector having a first side and a second side arranged away from each other; two film pieces arranged on the first side and the second side respectively, and both of the film pieces being embeddedly fitted with the current collector, wherein the tensile strength of the film piece is TS, .

[0014] Optionally, the current collector has a plurality of meshes, each of the meshes having a mesh hole, each of the meshes comprising a first mesh wire segment, a second mesh wire segment, a third mesh wire segment and a fourth mesh wire segment connected in sequence around the mesh hole, the first mesh wire segment and the second mesh wire segment being connected and the connection forming a circular arc surface arranged towards the mesh hole, the third mesh wire segment and the fourth mesh wire segment being connected and the connection forming an obtuse included angle arranged towards the mesh hole, the obtuse included angle being arranged opposite to the circular arc surface.

[0015] Optionally, the obtuse included angle is θ, wherein, .

[0016] Optionally, the current collector comprises: a plurality of first mesh wires, a part of the plurality of first mesh wires being arranged in a first direction in sequence, another part of the plurality of first mesh wires being arranged in a second direction in sequence, the first mesh wires arranged in the first direction and the first mesh wires arranged in the second direction being connected and arranged at an included angle; a plurality of second mesh wires connected with the plurality of first mesh wires, a part of the plurality of second mesh wires being arranged in the first direction in sequence, another part of the plurality of second mesh wires being arranged in the second direction in sequence, the part of the second mesh wires arranged in the first direction and the other part of the second mesh wires arranged in the second direction being connected and arranged at an included angle; Wherein, a second mesh wire arranged in the first direction is provided between two adjacent first mesh wires, and a second mesh wire arranged in the second direction is provided between two adjacent first mesh wires, wherein the radius of the first mesh wire is greater than the radius of the second mesh wire.

[0017] Optionally, the areal density of the current collector is SD, where, .

[0018] In this embodiment of the current collector, N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, meaning that at least two gaps can be formed, allowing the material to undergo at least two calendering processes. Because the calendering roller speeds increase sequentially, the shear force on the material gradually increases with each pair of rollers. This design causes the material to gradually extend and thin, resulting in a dense and uniformly thick film. Furthermore, along the material conveying direction, the gaps between the (N-1) calendering rollers are set in an arithmetic progression. This ensures that the material experiences progressively stronger compression as it passes through multiple arithmetically decreasing gaps. This progressive compression allows the binder fibers inside the film to be continuously stretched and refined. The finer and more abundant the binder fibers, the better the effect of binding the active material particles. When the film is subjected to external forces, dislocations have difficulty passing through the numerous fiber networks, thereby improving the film's resistance to deformation and enhancing its strength. The arithmetically decreasing gap setting ensures that the material experiences uniform pressure changes throughout the entire conveying and calendering process. This results in a more uniform and consistent internal structure of the diaphragm, avoiding structural defects such as voids and looseness caused by excessive or insufficient local pressure. Furthermore, this design ensures that when the diaphragm is subjected to tensile or compressive forces, each part can work together to withstand the load, preventing localized stress concentration and premature failure, thus improving the overall strength of the diaphragm. As the material passes through a gradually decreasing gap, the shearing force and pressure exerted by the calendering rollers continuously increase, causing the molecular chains in the diaphragm to gradually orient and align along the material transport direction. The higher the degree of molecular chain orientation, the stronger the interaction force between the molecular chains, and the better the mechanical properties of the diaphragm. This allows the molecular chains to better work together to withstand tensile forces when the diaphragm is subjected to external stretching, improving the tensile strength of the diaphragm. The progressive extrusion process generates more entanglement points between the molecular chains in the diaphragm. This entanglement increases the friction and interaction forces between molecules, thereby improving the strength and toughness of the diaphragm. The gradually decreasing gap setting allows the material to undergo more precise processing during the rolling process, thereby improving the surface flatness of the diaphragm. When the diaphragm with a flat surface is subjected to external force, the stress distribution is more uniform, and there will be no local stress concentration, reducing the possibility of cracks and damage on the diaphragm surface.

[0019] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the film-making equipment provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the film-forming mechanism provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a film-forming mechanism that stretches material to form a film. Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of the film-forming mechanism provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode sheet formed by the wafer fabrication equipment provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 6 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the film-making equipment provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the precision pressing assembly and the thickness detection assembly provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of the precision pressing assembly. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shearing component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 10 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the current collector provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the current collector provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Film forming equipment; 10. Film forming mechanism; 11. Calendering roll; 111. First input roll; 112. Second input roll; 113. Film outlet; 114. First calendering roll; 115. Second calendering roll; 116. Composite roll; 12. Gap; 121. Feeding gap; 122. Composite gap; 20. Precision pressing assembly; 21. Precision pressing roll; 22. Precision pressing roll group; 221. First precision pressing roll group; 222. Second precision pressing roll group; 23. Precision pressing gap; 30. Thickness detection assembly; 41. Roller; 50. Shearing assembly Components; 51, base; 52, cutter; 531, drive motor; 532, screw; 5321, first threaded segment; 5322, second threaded segment; 533, first nut; 534, second nut; 200, electrode plate; 210, current collector; 211, mesh; 2111, first mesh wire segment; 2112, second mesh wire segment; 2113, third mesh wire segment; 2114, fourth mesh wire segment; 2115, arc surface; 212, mesh hole; 2121, first mesh wire; 2122, second mesh wire; 220, diaphragm. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0024] The dry process refers to directly mixing the binder, active electrode components, and conductive agent using a film-forming device, then calendering the dry mixture into a film, and finally combining it with a current collector to form an electrode sheet. In related technologies, the films prepared by the film-forming mechanism have poor strength and uneven thickness.

[0025] In view of this, refer to Figures 1 to 3 The present invention proposes a film forming device 100, which includes a film forming mechanism 10. The film forming mechanism 10 includes N calendering rollers 11. The N calendering rollers 11 are arranged sequentially and are suitable for conveying materials and performing multiple calendering on the conveyed materials to form a film 220. N-1 gaps 12 are formed between the N calendering rollers 11. Along the material conveying direction, the size of the N-1 gaps 12 is arranged in an arithmetic progression, and the speed of the N calendering rollers 11 increases sequentially. N is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0026] In this embodiment of the current collector 210, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, it means that at least two gaps 12 can be formed, allowing the material to undergo at least two calendering processes. Because the speed of the calendering rollers 11 increases sequentially, the shear force on the material gradually increases with each pair of rollers. This design causes the material to gradually extend and thin, resulting in a dense and uniformly thick membrane 220. Furthermore, along the material conveying direction, the gaps 12 between the (N-1) calendering rollers 11 are arranged in an arithmetic progression. This ensures that the material experiences progressively stronger compression as it passes through multiple arithmetically decreasing gaps 12. This progressive compression allows the binder fibers inside the membrane 220 to be continuously stretched and refined. The finer and more abundant the binder fibers, the better the effect of binding the active material particles. When the membrane 220 is subjected to external force, dislocations have difficulty passing through the numerous fiber networks, thereby improving the membrane 220's resistance to deformation and enhancing its strength.

[0027] The arithmetically decreasing gap 12 ensures that the material experiences uniform pressure changes throughout the entire conveying and calendering process. This results in a more uniform and consistent internal structure of the diaphragm 220, avoiding structural defects such as voids and looseness caused by excessive or insufficient local pressure. Furthermore, this design allows the diaphragm 220 to withstand tensile or compressive forces collaboratively, preventing localized stress concentration and premature failure, thus improving the overall strength of the diaphragm 220. As the material passes through the gradually decreasing gap 12, the shearing force and pressure exerted by the calendering roller 11 on the material continuously increase, causing the molecular chains in the diaphragm 220 to gradually orient and align along the material conveying direction. The higher the degree of molecular chain orientation, the stronger the interaction force between the molecular chains, and the better the mechanical properties of the diaphragm 220. This allows the molecular chains to better cooperate in bearing the tensile force when the diaphragm 220 is subjected to external tensile forces, improving the tensile strength of the diaphragm 220. The progressive extrusion process generates more entanglement points between the molecular chains in the diaphragm 220. This entanglement increases intermolecular friction and interaction, thereby improving the strength and toughness of the diaphragm 220. The arithmetically decreasing gap 12 allows for more precise processing of the material during the extrusion process, improving the surface smoothness of the diaphragm 220. A smooth surface on the diaphragm 220 results in a more uniform stress distribution under external forces, preventing localized stress concentration and reducing the likelihood of surface cracks and damage.

[0028] In some embodiments, along the material conveying direction, the difference between two adjacent gaps 12 is ΔK, where, Therefore, if If the compression step size is too small, although theoretically smoother, more stages of calendering rolls are needed to achieve the target thickness, resulting in a more complex equipment structure, increased costs, increased energy consumption, and extremely high requirements for the precision of the control system. Excessive compression can lead to excessive shear stress in a single stage, causing localized overheating, tearing, surface defects, or internal stress concentration in the diaphragm 220. Therefore, the difference between two adjacent gaps 12 is between 30 μm and 150 μm, achieving a good balance between compression efficiency and process stability, ensuring stable material thinning at each stage. This difference also ensures moderate shear rate variation at each stage, allowing sufficient time for the molecular chains or filler particles within the material to rearrange, reducing internal stress and improving the compactness and structural consistency of the diaphragm 220.

[0029] It should be noted that the difference between two adjacent gaps 12 along the material conveying direction can be selected as needed. For example, the difference between two adjacent gaps 12 can be 30μm, 35μm, 40μm, 45μm, 50μm, 55μm, 60μm, 65μm, 70μm, 75μm, 80μm, 85μm, 90μm, 96μm, 100μm, 105μm, 110μm, 115μm, 120μm, 128μm, 135μm, 143μm, or 150μm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0030] In some embodiments, along the material conveying direction, the difference between two adjacent gaps 12 is ΔK, where, Thus, with each pair of calendering rolls 11, the material thickness decreases by only 30–50 μm, resulting in a very gradual change in the gaps 12 between adjacent materials. This avoids drastic deformation or stress abrupt changes during any stage of calendering. This variation allows the material sufficient time to respond to shearing and compression at each stage, promoting the homogenization and stabilization of the internal structure. The difference between adjacent gaps 12, ranging from 30 μm to 50 μm, reduces the occurrence of "thin spots" or "stretching and necking" in the membrane 220 due to localized overpressure. The difference between adjacent gaps 12, also ranging from 30 μm to 50 μm, results in small changes in the shear rate at each stage, ensuring the orderly arrangement of molecular chains or filler particles within the membrane 220, reducing random accumulation, and facilitating the gradual escape of bubbles, preventing "closed-cell bubbles" or "interlayer debonding." Consequently, the membrane 220 exhibits high overall density, low porosity, and uniform distribution. The difference between two adjacent gaps 12 is between 30μm and 50μm, which allows the stress to be gradually released between each level, resulting in low rebound and dimensional stability after film formation.

[0031] It should be noted that the difference between two adjacent gaps 12 along the material conveying direction can be selected as needed. For example, the difference between two adjacent gaps 12 can be 30μm, 32μm, 35μm, 38μm, 40μm, 42μm, 45μm, 47μm, 49μm, or 50μm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0032] In some embodiments, the (N-1) gaps 12 include a receiving gap 121, which is used to receive materials. The receiving gap 121 is K1, wherein... Thus, the receiving gap 121 refers to the gap 12 between the first pair of calendering rollers 11 when the material just enters the film-forming mechanism 10; it is the entry point for the material to enter the controlled calendering process from a free state. On the one hand, material may have difficulty entering the roller gap smoothly, easily causing "material blockage," "material creep," or "edge entanglement"; on the other hand, it will increase the starting torque, exacerbate roller surface wear, and may lead to edge tearing or sudden thickness changes in the diaphragm 220. Insufficient initial compression will result in ineffective material compaction and difficulty in expelling internal air bubbles. Furthermore, material is prone to "slippage" or "sagging" in the roll gap, leading to uneven diaphragm 220 thickness. By limiting K1 to the range of 200–600 μm, a smooth transition from a free state to a compressed state is achieved, reducing abrupt stress changes. A K1 range of 200–600 μm ensures that the material has undergone initial compaction, helping to eliminate air and initial porosity on the diaphragm 220 surface and preventing the propagation of "air trapping" defects.

[0033] It should be noted that the range of the receiving gap 121 can be selected as needed. For example, the receiving gap 121 can be 200μm, 250μm, 300μm, 350μm, 400μm, 450μm, 500μm, 550μm, or 600μm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0034] In some embodiments, the ratio of the larger speed value to the smaller speed value of two adjacent calendering rolls 11 forms a speed ratio parameter. The difference between the larger and smaller speed ratio parameters of the two closest speed ratio parameters forms a speed ratio difference. N calendering rolls 11 form N-1 speed ratio parameters, and N-1 speed ratio parameters form N-2 speed ratio differences. The N-2 speed ratio differences are arranged in an arithmetic sequence, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 4. Thus, during calendering, the material is subjected to shearing action in the gap between adjacent calendering rolls 11. The magnitude of the shearing force is closely related to the speed difference between the two rolls (i.e., the speed ratio parameter). The larger the speed ratio parameter, the higher the shearing rate and the greater the shearing force. This design allows the material to gradually stretch and thin, resulting in a dense and uniformly thick film 220. Furthermore, setting the N-2 speed ratio differences in an arithmetic sequence ensures that the difference between adjacent speed ratio parameters is constant, meaning that the increase in shear force is linear. This design ensures that the increase in shear force is moderate and the thickness is uniform and controllable, avoiding stress concentration or local overstretching caused by sudden changes in shear force. By setting the speed ratio differences in an arithmetic sequence, sudden changes in speed ratio are avoided, making the stretching process smooth and effectively reducing the risk of belt breakage. In this design, the N-2 speed ratio differences form an arithmetic sequence, ensuring that the speed of the rear roller in each process is always higher than that of the front roller, creating a tension traction effect. This keeps the material continuously taut, preventing slack and accumulation that would result in accumulation patterns on the film 220, thereby improving the quality of the film 220.

[0035] In some embodiments, the difference between two adjacent speed ratios is ΔV, where, Thus, the speed ratio gradient ΔV determines the increase in shear force between the roll gaps. If... The shear force increase between adjacent roll gaps can suddenly increase, causing the material to experience excessively high shear stress in localized areas, potentially leading to uneven plasticization or localized thinning or even breakage of the film 220. If If the shear force increases too gradually, the shear force at the roll gap may be insufficient in the later stages, which may not meet the requirements for full plasticization of the material, resulting in insufficient strength or thickness fluctuation of the film 220. The range ensures that the shear force increases in a moderate gradient, which avoids stress concentration, guarantees plasticizing effect, prevents diaphragm 220 from breaking, and suppresses the generation of deposit lines, significantly improving the quality of diaphragm 220.

[0036] It should be noted that the value of the difference between two adjacent speed ratios can be selected as needed. For example, the difference between two adjacent speed ratios can be 0.01, 0.04, 0.08, 0.1, 0.13, 0.15, 0.19, 0.2, 0.23, 0.26, 0.28, or 0.3, etc. Specifically, this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0037] In one embodiment, the plurality of calendering rolls 11 further includes a first input roll 111 and a second input roll 112, with a film outlet 113 formed between the first input roll 111 and the second input roll 112. Along the material conveying direction, the first input roll 111 is upstream of the second input roll 112, and the speed of the second input roll 112 is V1. Thus, the first input roller 111 serves to initially introduce and convey the material, acting as a guide and pre-compressor. The second input roller 112 further compacts the material and, together with the first input roller 111, forms the film outlet 113. The film outlet 113 is used to output the calendered film 220, and the film outlet 113 determines the initial thickness, flatness, and tension state of the film 220. The size of the film outlet 113 can be set as needed, and this application does not limit it.

[0038] in addition, This setup not only ensures stable material traction and initial tension, preventing accumulation or deformation, but also enables continuous film output, providing a stable input for subsequent multi-roller calendering, meeting basic production cycle requirements, and improving equipment utilization. The design allows sufficient time for the material to complete initial stretching and compaction at the film outlet 113, forming a uniform and continuous initial film sheet 220, avoiding wrinkling or breakage. When If the material remains at the membrane outlet 113 for too long, it is prone to sagging, loosening, and wrinkling due to gravity or its own weight; if On the one hand, this results in excessive traction at the outlet 113, causing the material to be pulled out at high speed before it is fully plasticized or evenly distributed; on the other hand, it results in excessively high initial shear rate, leading to stress concentration inside the material, causing the membrane 220 to be stretched thin or broken at the outlet 113, which seriously affects the quality of the membrane 220 formed.

[0039] It should be noted that the speed of the second input roller 112 can be selected as needed. For example, the speed of the second input roller 112 can be 1 m / min, 2 m / min, 3 m / min, 4 m / min, 5 m / min, 6 m / min, 7 m / min, 8 m / min, 9 m / min, or 10 m / min, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0040] In some embodiments, the radii of the multiple calendering rolls 11 increase sequentially along the material conveying direction. This allows the small-radius calendering rolls 11 upstream to provide high linear pressure, quickly eliminating initial thickness unevenness in the material, while the large-radius calendering rolls 11 downstream achieve fine thickness adjustment with low unit pressure, reducing surface stress fluctuations. By gradually increasing the roll diameter along the conveying direction, thickness fluctuations caused by the rolling pressure of the small-radius calendering rolls 11 upstream can be smoothly absorbed by the large-radius calendering rolls 11 downstream, ultimately forming a uniform film 220, thereby preventing accumulation lines on the calendered film 220. Furthermore, the sequentially increasing radius arrangement of the multiple calendering rolls 11 along the material conveying direction helps eliminate film 220 slack, reducing wrinkles or accumulation lines on the film 220.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, two adjacent calendering rolls 11 include a first calendering roll 114 and a second calendering roll 115. Along the material conveying direction, the first calendering roll 114 is upstream of the second calendering roll 115, wherein the radius of the first calendering roll 114 is R1 and the radius of the second calendering roll 115 is R2. Thus, by setting The radius ratio range optimizes the gradient of calendering pressure and shear rate, avoiding local adhesion and fiber breakage, thus improving the strength of the calendered film 220. Furthermore, this design reduces the incidence of build-up lines, improving the quality of the calendered film 220. The gradually increasing roller diameter is used in the early stages of film formation with a smaller roller diameter to reduce the pressure of the roller on the active material, preventing excessive pressure from damaging the microstructure of the active material during the initial film formation process.

[0042] In addition, when If the pressure gradient is too small, it is difficult to eliminate the original defects of the active material, resulting in excessive thickness fluctuations. This causes the linear velocity of the downstream calendering roller 11 to increase too much, and the calendered film 220 is subjected to severe tensile strain in a short period of time, resulting in tearing.

[0043] It should be noted that, The value can be selected as needed, for example, The value can be 1.05, 1.08, 1.1, 1.15, 1.2, 1.28, 1.3, 1.35, 1.38, 1.4, 1.45, or 1.5, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, two film-forming mechanisms 10 are provided. Each film-forming mechanism 10 includes a composite roller 116 among its plurality of calendering rollers 11. The composite rollers 116 of the two film-forming mechanisms 10 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the two composite rollers 116 are used to composite two films 220 and a current collector 210 to form an electrode sheet 200. Specifically, a composite gap 122 is formed between the two composite rollers 116 to accommodate the two films 220 and the current collector 210. Because the two adjacent composite rollers 116 can apply uniform and precisely controllable pressure to the two films 220 and the current collector 210 placed within the composite gap 122, this precise pressure control ensures a tight fit between the films 220 and the current collector 210, reducing the generation of defects such as bubbles and voids. The adjacent arrangement of the two composite rollers 116 allows the two films 220 and the current collector 210 to directly and quickly enter the composite gap 122, reducing intermediate steps and transfer time during the film 220's transport process. This helps to improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. Furthermore, when the two diaphragms 220 and the current collector 210 enter the composite gap 122, the two diaphragms 220 and the current collector 210 are rolled and composited by the two composite rollers 116 to form the electrode sheet 200. This design enables the composite rollers 116 to not only participate in the composite rolling of the two diaphragms 220 and the current collector 210, but also to participate in the calendering and forming of the diaphragm 220, simplifying the structure of the sheet-making equipment 100 and making the sheet-making equipment 100 more compact.

[0045] Reference Figures 6 to 8In some embodiments, the sheet-forming apparatus 100 further includes a fine pressing assembly 20, which includes multiple fine pressing rollers 21 for calendering the electrode sheet 200. The radius of each fine pressing roller 21 is larger than the radius of the calendering rollers 11. Thus, the material is initially calendered by the multiple calendering rollers 11, and the electrode sheet 200 formed by this initial calendering is then further calendered by the multiple fine pressing rollers 21. This second calendering enhances the interfacial bonding between the film 220 and the current collector 210. Furthermore, because the radius of the fine pressing rollers 21 is larger than that of the calendering rollers 11, the contact area between the larger radius fine pressing rollers 21 and the electrode sheet 200 is significantly increased, allowing the active material, conductive agent, and binder to flow fully under pressure, filling microscopic voids and thus optimizing the conductive network. The larger radius precision roller 21 has a gentler curvature, resulting in a more uniform pressure distribution. When the precision roller 21 presses the electrode sheet 200, stress diffuses along the contact surface, reducing local peak pressure and preventing excessive deformation or breakage of the electrode sheet 200. Simultaneously, the uniform pressure distribution helps the active material particles rearrange, making the electrode sheet 200 denser and more uniform in thickness, and eliminating internal pores. The edges of the electrode sheet 200 often exhibit a "thin edge" phenomenon due to uneven powder flow. The wide contact surface of the larger radius precision roller 21 can cover a wider edge area, allowing the powder to flow more easily to the edges for film formation through uniform pressure. Its larger radius also provides a larger compaction zone, better conforming to the curved surface of the electrode sheet 200, reducing local stress concentration, and further improving the uniformity of the electrode sheet 200 thickness.

[0046] In some embodiments, the radius of the precision pressing roll 21 is R3, and the radius of the calendering roll 11 is R4, wherein... Thus, satisfaction is achieved. This design allows for a larger contact area between the compaction zone of the precision pressure roller 21 and the electrode sheet 200, resulting in a longer pressure application time and a wider application area. This leads to more uniform compaction of the electrode sheet 200 in both the thickness and width directions, reducing localized over- or under-pressure. Furthermore, the longer contact arc helps to improve minor surface irregularities of the electrode sheet 200, resulting in a smoother surface.

[0047] Additionally, if the radius of the precision roller 21 is too small, it will cause... The short contact arc between the outer surface of the precision roller 21 and the electrode sheet 200 may lead to excessive local pressure, uneven density of the electrode sheet 200, or damage to the current collector 2100 / active material particles. If the radius of the precision roller 21 is too large, it may cause… Although the uniformity is good, the sheet-making equipment is large and expensive, and may become less adaptable to the material after preliminary stretching, which may even affect the winding effect.

[0048] It should be noted that the values ​​of R3 / R4 can be selected as needed. For example, the values ​​of R3 / R4 can be 2, 2.3, 2.5, 2.6, 2.8, or 3, etc. Specifically, this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0049] In one embodiment, This design results in a relatively large and smooth contact area between the pressure roller 21 and the electrode sheet 200. During the pressure-pressing process, the pressure can be more evenly distributed on the surface of the electrode sheet 200, avoiding situations where the local pressure is too high or too low. When the radius of the pressure roller 21 is within the range of 400mm-600mm, the friction and compression action of the pressure roller 21 on the electrode sheet 200 during rolling is more gentle and uniform. This helps to eliminate defects such as minor protrusions and wrinkles on the surface of the electrode sheet 200, making the surface smoother. A smooth surface of the electrode sheet 200 can reduce the resistance of the electrode sheet 200 during subsequent use, improving the charging and discharging efficiency and performance stability of batteries and other products. The radius of the precision pressing roller 21 is in the range of 400mm-600mm. It can apply appropriate pressure to the electrode sheet 200 during the precision pressing process, promote the rearrangement and densification of particles inside the electrode material, thereby effectively improving the pore structure of the electrode sheet 200, increasing its density and uniformity, thereby enhancing the mechanical strength and electrochemical performance of the electrode sheet 200, and extending the service life of the electrode sheet 200 product.

[0050] When R3 < 400mm, the contact area between the precision roller 21 and the electrode sheet 200 is narrow, resulting in pressure concentration, which can easily lead to local deformation and damage of the electrode sheet 200. When R3 > 600mm, although the uniformity is good, the sheet-making equipment 100 is large and expensive, and its adaptability to materials after preliminary calendering may decrease, even affecting the composite effect.

[0051] It should be noted that the radius of the precision pressure roller 21 can be selected as needed. For example, the radius of the precision pressure roller 21 can be 400mm, 430mm, 450mm, 480mm, 500mm, 530mm, 550mm, 580mm, or 600mm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0052] In one embodiment, the roughness of the outer surface of the precision roller 21 is Ra1, wherein, In this way, the outer surface of the precision roller 21 can provide a very smooth contact surface when it comes into contact with the electrode sheet 200. During the precision pressing process, this smooth contact can avoid leaving defects such as fine scratches, pits or protrusions on the surface of the electrode sheet 200, making the surface of the electrode sheet 200 smoother. At the same time, it can ensure that the pressure applied by the precision roller 21 to the electrode sheet 200 is evenly distributed during the precision pressing process. The uniform pressure can make the electrode sheet 200 be uniformly squeezed in the thickness direction, reducing the thickness deviation. This reduces the local shear and tensile stress on the electrode sheet 200 caused by the surface of the precision roller 21, thereby reducing the formation of internal defects in the electrode sheet 200, improving the mechanical strength and electrochemical performance of the electrode sheet 200, and extending the service life of the electrode sheet 200.

[0053] when When the surface of the precision roller 21 is rough, the surface of the precision roller 21 may generate local shear force and tensile stress on the electrode sheet 200 during the precision pressing process, resulting in defects such as microcracks and holes inside the electrode sheet 200.

[0054] It should be noted that the surface roughness of the outer surface of the precision roller 21 can be selected as needed. For example, the surface roughness of the outer surface of the precision roller 21 can be 0.01μm, 0.03μm, 0.05μm, 0.06μm, 0.08μm, or 0.1μm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0055] Reference Figure 8 In one embodiment, multiple precision pressing rollers 21 are arranged in pairs to form multiple precision pressing roller groups 22. These groups are spaced apart, with a precision pressing gap 23 between the two rollers 21 in each group for the electrode sheet 200 to pass through. This spaced arrangement of multiple precision pressing roller groups 22 effectively performs multi-stage precision pressing on the electrode sheet 200. Each group of rollers 21 applies a certain pressure to the electrode sheet 200, gradually reducing its thickness and making its surface smoother. Compared to single-stage precision pressing, multi-stage precision pressing allows for more precise control of the thickness and shape accuracy of the electrode sheet 200, reducing thickness deviations and surface unevenness, thereby improving the quality consistency of the electrode sheet 200. As the electrode sheet 200 passes through the precision pressing gap 23 of each precision pressing roller group 22, it is subjected to the squeezing action of two precision pressing rollers 21. This squeezing promotes the rearrangement and densification of particles within the electrode material, optimizes the pore structure of the electrode sheet 200, improves the ion and electron conduction capabilities of the electrode material, and enhances the charge-discharge efficiency and power performance of the electrode sheet 200. The design of the paired precision pressing rollers 21 ensures that the electrode sheet 200 receives symmetrical pressure as it passes through the precision pressing gap 23, avoiding localized stress concentration caused by uneven pressure, and improving the yield and reliability of the electrode sheet 200.

[0056] In one embodiment, the operating temperature of the precision roller 21 is T1, wherein, Within this temperature range, the electrode sheet 200 undergoes easier plastic deformation as it passes through the precision pressing roller 21, better filling the precision pressing gap 23 and resulting in a more uniform and denser microstructure. When the working temperature of the precision pressing roller 21 is between 55℃ and 75℃, the brittleness of the electrode sheet 200 material decreases, while its toughness increases, allowing it to better withstand the pressure and shear forces during the precision pressing process, reducing defects and improving the integrity and reliability of the electrode sheet 200. When the working temperature of the precision pressing roller 21 is between 55℃ and 75℃, the coefficient of friction between the roller and the electrode sheet 200 remains relatively stable, while also facilitating uniform flow and deformation of the electrode material. During the precision pressing process, this ensures that the electrode sheet 200 receives uniform pressure at all points, resulting in an electrode sheet 200 with a uniform thickness. When the working temperature of the precision pressure roller 21 is between 55℃ and 75℃, it can better flatten the surface of the electrode sheet 200, eliminating minor protrusions and pits and making the surface of the electrode sheet 200 smoother. At this temperature, the precision pressure roller 21 can promote stress release within the electrode material, reducing internal defects such as microcracks and pores caused by stress concentration. Simultaneously, it also helps the binder to function better, enhancing the bonding force between electrode material particles and improving the mechanical strength and stability of the electrode sheet 200.

[0057] When the working temperature of the precision pressing roller 21 is less than 55℃, the electrode sheet 200 is unable to undergo sufficient plastic deformation when passing through the roller, failing to properly fill the precision pressing gap 23 between the mold or rollers. This results in an uneven and non-dense microstructure of the electrode sheet 200. When the working temperature of the precision pressing roller 21 is less than 55℃, the brittleness of the electrode material increases, making the electrode sheet 200 more prone to cracks and breakage during the precision pressing process. When the working temperature of the precision pressing roller 21 is greater than 75℃, the plasticity of the electrode material is excessively enhanced, leading to uncontrolled material flow during the precision pressing process. This not only makes it difficult to accurately control the thickness and shape of the electrode sheet 200 but may also clog the precision pressing gap 23 due to excessive material flow, affecting the continuity of production. When the working temperature of the precision pressing roller 21 is greater than 75℃, it accelerates the aging or decomposition of the binder, reducing its bonding strength. This weakens the bonding force between electrode material particles, making the electrode sheet 200 prone to particle detachment and delamination during subsequent processing or use, severely affecting the integrity and stability of the electrode sheet 200. When the working temperature of the precision roller 21 is greater than 75℃, the stress distribution inside the electrode material is uneven, which easily leads to stress concentration. These stress concentration points will become weak links in the electrode sheet 200 during use, reducing the mechanical strength and fatigue resistance of the electrode sheet 200 and shortening its service life.

[0058] It should be noted that the working temperature of the precision pressure roller 21 can be selected as needed. For example, the working temperature of the precision pressure roller 21 can be 55℃, 58℃, 60℃, 63℃, 65℃, 68℃, 70℃, 73℃ or 75℃, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it.

[0059] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In one embodiment, the electrode forming equipment 100 further includes multiple thickness detection components 30. Each precision pressing roller group 22 has a thickness detection component 30 located upstream and downstream. These components are used to check the thickness of the electrode sheet 200. Thus, by placing the thickness detection component 30 upstream of the precision pressing roller group 22, the initial thickness information of the electrode sheet 200 can be obtained before it enters the precision pressing process. This helps to promptly detect any thickness deviations that may occur in the electrode sheet 200 during earlier processes. Placing the detection component downstream of the precision pressing roller group 22 provides real-time feedback on the thickness of the electrode sheet 200 after precision pressing, allowing operators to understand the precision pressing effect immediately and ensuring that the thickness of the electrode sheet 200 meets product specifications. Through dual thickness detection upstream and downstream, the thickness of the electrode sheet 200 can be rigorously screened.

[0060] It should be noted that when the upstream detection component detects a deviation in the thickness of the electrode sheet 200, the operator can adjust the process parameters of the previous process in a timely manner based on the detection results to correct the thickness deviation and ensure that the electrode sheet 200 entering the fine pressing process has a uniform thickness. The thickness information after fine pressing fed back by the downstream detection component can be used to adjust the pressure, speed, and other parameters of the fine pressing roller group 22 to optimize the fine pressing process and improve production efficiency and product quality.

[0061] In one embodiment, the plurality of precision pressure roller groups 22 include a first precision pressure roller group 221 and a second precision pressure roller group 222. Along the conveying direction of the electrode sheet 200, the first precision pressure roller group 221 is located upstream of the second precision pressure roller group 222, and the roller pressure of the first precision pressure roller group 221 is F1, wherein... Thus, the first precision pressing roller group 221, positioned upstream, applies a roller pressure of 80T-110T to the electrode sheet 200, enabling preliminary compaction of the electrode material. This pressure range allows the particles in the electrode material to initially align tightly, reducing the internal porosity and laying a good foundation for the subsequent second precision pressing process. The 80T-110T roller pressure effectively controls the thickness of the electrode sheet 200. By using this pressure range, the first precision pressing roller group 221 performs preliminary shaping of the electrode sheet 200, eliminating any thickness inconsistencies that may have occurred in earlier processes, ensuring a relatively uniform thickness before the electrode sheet 200 enters the second precision pressing roller group 222. This allows the second precision pressing roller group 222 to more precisely control the thickness of the final product, improving the uniformity of the electrode sheet 200's thickness and meeting the stringent requirements for thickness accuracy. The 80T-110T roller pressure, while compacting the material, avoids excessive damage, reduces internal defects, and improves the quality and reliability of the electrode sheet 200. The 80T-110T roller pressing range is a pressure value that, while ensuring the compaction effect, causes relatively little wear on the equipment, which helps protect the equipment and improve the stability and continuity of production.

[0062] When the rolling pressure of the first precision pressing roller group 221 is less than 80T, it is insufficient to effectively compress the electrode material, resulting in a large number of pores inside the material. When the rolling pressure is less than 80T, the pressure is insufficient to produce enough plastic deformation on the electrode sheet 200, failing to effectively eliminate these thickness deviations, resulting in uneven thickness of the electrode sheet 200 when it enters the second precision pressing roller group 222. When the rolling pressure of the first precision pressing roller group 221 is greater than 110T, the electrode material will be excessively compressed, causing damage to the internal particle structure of the material. When the rolling pressure of the first precision pressing roller group 221 is greater than 110T, it may damage the conductive channels inside the material, thereby reducing the overall conductivity of the electrode sheet 200 and affecting the battery's charging and discharging speed and power output. When the first precision pressure roller group 221 is subjected to a roller pressure greater than 110T, the friction and pressure between the roller and the electrode plate 200 will increase significantly. This will lead to increased surface wear of the precision pressure roller 21 of the first precision pressure roller group 221 and shorten the service life of the precision pressure roller 21.

[0063] It should be noted that the rolling pressure of the first precision roller group 221 can be selected as needed. For example, the rolling pressure of the first precision roller group 221 can be 80T, 85T, 90T, 95T, 100T, 105T or 110T, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0064] In one embodiment, the rolling pressure of the second precision roller group 222 is F2, wherein, Thus, within this rolling range, the second precision roller group 222 can apply greater pressure to the electrode sheet 200, further compacting the electrode material. Compared to the first precision roller group 221, the higher pressure can significantly reduce the porosity inside the electrode material and increase the material's packing density. Rolling pressure of 120T-150T helps improve the tensile strength, bending strength, and other mechanical properties of the electrode sheet 200, reducing damage and breakage caused by mechanical stress during subsequent processing, transportation, and use, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the electrode sheet 200. After the initial compaction by the first precision roller group 221, the second precision roller group 222 further applies a pressure of 120T-150T, which can eliminate minor fluctuations in the thickness direction of the electrode sheet 200, making the thickness of the electrode sheet 200 more uniform.

[0065] When the rolling pressure of the second precision roller group 222 is less than 120T, it is insufficient to bring the electrode material particles close together and tightly bond them, resulting in numerous pores within the material. When the rolling pressure of the second precision roller group 222 is less than 120T, the bonding force between the particles of the electrode sheet 200 is weak. During battery charging and discharging, the electrode material is prone to loosening and detachment due to volume changes, leading to decreased battery performance and shortened cycle life. When the rolling pressure of the second precision roller group 222 is greater than 150T, the friction and pressure between the second precision roller group 222 and the electrode sheet 200 significantly increase, leading to accelerated roller surface wear. Increased surface roughness after roller surface wear affects the surface quality of the electrode sheet 200, causing defects such as scratches and peeling. Simultaneously, roller surface wear also shortens the service life of the precision roller 21, increasing equipment maintenance costs and downtime. When the rolling pressure of the second fine pressure roller group 222 is greater than 150T, the electrode material will be subjected to excessive compression, which will destroy the internal particle structure of the material, reduce the electrochemical performance of the electrode material, and also affect the charging and discharging efficiency and cycle life of the battery.

[0066] It should be noted that the rolling pressure of the second precision roller group 222 can be selected as needed. For example, the rolling pressure of the second precision roller group 222 can be 120T, 125T, 130T, 135T, 140T, 145T or 150T, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0067] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7In one embodiment, the wafer fabrication equipment 100 further includes a winding assembly located downstream of the precision pressing assembly 20, used to wind the electrode sheet 200 output from the precision pressing assembly 20 into a disc. Thus, with the winding assembly downstream of the precision pressing assembly 20, the precision-pressed electrode sheet 200 can directly and smoothly enter the winding process without frequent manual intervention for collecting and transferring the electrode sheet 200. This seamless connection allows the entire wafer fabrication process to proceed continuously and stably, reducing the possibility of production interruptions and greatly improving production efficiency. The winding assembly, through an automated winding method, gently winds the electrode sheet 200 into a disc, avoiding damage caused by manual operation and ensuring the surface quality of the electrode sheet 200.

[0068] Reference Figure 7 Specifically, the winding assembly includes a base, a reel 41, and a rotation drive unit. The reel 41 is rotatably mounted on the base for winding one end of the electrode sheet 200. The rotation drive unit is mounted on the base to drive the reel 41 to rotate. Thus, the base, as the foundation structure of the entire winding assembly, provides a stable support platform for the reel 41 and the rotation drive unit. During the winding process of the electrode sheet 200, the reel 41 is subjected to the tension of the electrode sheet 200 and its own rotational inertia. The base can withstand these forces, preventing the reel 41 and the rotation drive unit from shaking or shifting, ensuring a smooth winding process. The reel 41, rotatably mounted on the base, can rotate at a stable speed and angle under the precise drive of the rotation drive unit, thereby ensuring that the electrode sheet 200 is wound evenly and stably onto the reel 41. A stable winding process reduces damage to the electrode sheet 200 caused by stretching, twisting, and scratching during winding. The rotary drive unit automatically drives the roller 41 to rotate, realizing the automated winding process of the electrode sheet 200. Compared with manual winding, automated winding can greatly improve production efficiency and reduce the time and labor intensity of manual operation. At the same time, automated winding can also realize continuous production, improving equipment utilization and production capacity.

[0069] It should be noted that the surface of the spool 41 is usually specially treated to have a smooth surface and suitable roughness, which can reduce the friction between it and the electrode sheet 200 and reduce the risk of scratches on the surface of the electrode sheet 200. At the same time, the precise control of the rotation drive can avoid problems such as breakage or wrinkling of the electrode sheet 200 caused by excessively fast or slow winding speed.

[0070] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 9In one embodiment, the electrode fabrication equipment 100 further includes a shearing component 50, which is disposed between the winding component and the fine pressing component 20. The shearing component 50 is used to shear the two side edges of the electrode sheet 200. Thus, after the fine pressing component 20 performs calendering on the electrode sheet 200, the thickness and width of the electrode sheet 200 may have certain deviations, especially at the two side edges. The shearing component 50 precisely shears the two side edges of the electrode sheet 200 at this time, removing irregular portions and ensuring that the width of the electrode sheet 200 reaches a precisely set value, meeting the stringent dimensional requirements of the electrode sheet 200 in subsequent production processes. During the manufacturing process of the electrode sheet 200, defects such as burrs, cracks, and wavy edges may appear on the two side edges. These defects not only affect the appearance quality of the electrode sheet 200 but may also damage the electrode sheet 200 or other components in subsequent winding, assembly, and other processes, and may even affect the electrochemical performance of the battery. The shearing assembly 50, through its sharp blade and reasonable shearing process, can effectively remove edge defects, making the edges of the electrode sheet 200 flat and smooth, and improving the overall quality of the electrode sheet 200.

[0071] Reference Figure 9 In one embodiment, the shearing assembly 50 includes a base 51, two cutters 52, and a drive assembly. The two cutters 52 are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart along the width direction of the electrode sheet 200. The two cutters 52 are movably mounted on the base 51 so that the distance between the two cutters 52 is adjustable. The drive assembly is mounted on the base 51 and is used to drive the two cutters 52 to move. Thus, during the production process of the electrode sheet 200, different models and applications of batteries have different requirements for the width of the electrode sheet 200. The movable mounting of the two cutters 52 on the base 51 and the adjustable distance allow the shearing assembly 50 to flexibly adapt to the shearing needs of electrode sheets 200 of various widths, making the sheet-making equipment 100 suitable for processing electrode sheets 200 of different widths. This improves the versatility of the sheet-making equipment 100. The drive assembly can precisely control the movement of the two cutters 52, so that the cutters 52 maintain a stable motion trajectory and accurate relative position during the cutting process, thereby achieving precise cutting of the edge of the electrode sheet 200. Precise cutting can ensure that the width dimension accuracy of the electrode sheet 200 meets the design requirements, reduce dimensional deviations, and improve the quality consistency of the electrode sheet 200.

[0072] It should be noted that the type of drive component can be selected according to requirements. For example, the drive component may include a cylinder, an electric actuator, or a linear motor. Specifically, refer to... Figure 6The drive assembly includes a drive motor 531, a screw 532, a first nut 533, and a second nut 534. The screw 532 includes a first threaded section 5321 and a second threaded section 5322, with opposite thread directions. The first nut 533 is threadedly connected to the first threaded section 5321, and the second nut 534 is threadedly connected to the second threaded section 5322. The first nut 533 and the second nut 534 are connected to the base 51 via an anti-rotation structure (not shown in the figure). Two cutters 52 are connected to the first nut 533 and the second nut 534, respectively. Thus, when the drive motor 531 drives the screw 532 to rotate, the first nut 533 and the second nut 534 will experience axial displacements in opposite directions due to the difference in thread direction, causing the first nut 533 and the second nut 534 to move closer or further apart. This, in turn, causes the two cutters 52 connected to the first nut 533 and the second nut 534 to move closer or further apart, thereby achieving adjustable distance between the two cutters 52. The adjustment efficiency is improved because the two cutters 52 move in sync.

[0073] It should be noted that when the screw 532 rotates, the first nut 533 and the second nut 534 have a rotational tendency due to the thread engagement, but are constrained by the anti-rotation structure, and are eventually converted into linear motion of the first nut 533 and the second nut 534 along the axial direction of the screw 532.

[0074] In some embodiments, the cutter 52 is movably connected to the first nut 533 or the second nut 534 along the vertical direction between the cutting position and the avoidance position. In the cutting position, the cutter 52 can cut the edges on both sides of the electrode sheet 200, improving the quality of the electrode sheet 200. In the avoidance position, the cutter 52 avoids the electrode sheet 200, facilitating subsequent replacement of the cutter 52.

[0075] It should be noted that there are multiple ways to achieve the vertical connection between the cutter 52 and the first nut 533 or the second nut 534 between the cutting position and the avoidance position. For example, the cutter 52 can be connected to the first nut 533 or the second nut 534 via a cylinder or an electric push rod. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0076] Thirdly, this application also provides an electrode sheet 200 fabricated using the aforementioned electrode fabrication equipment 100. The electrode sheet 200 includes a current collector 210 and two diaphragms 220. The current collector 210 has a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other. The two diaphragms 220 are respectively disposed on the first side and the second side, and both diaphragms 220 are embedded and fitted with the current collector 210. The tensile strength of the diaphragms 220 is TS. Thus, because the diaphragm 220 and the current collector 210 are interlocked, the contact area and mechanical interlocking effect can be significantly increased, improving the shear strength of the electrode sheet 200 and effectively preventing the diaphragm 220 from peeling or falling off due to volume expansion / contraction during charge-discharge cycles, thereby extending battery life. The interlocking design can reduce the interface resistance between the diaphragm 220 and the current collector 210, improving the rate performance of the battery with this electrode sheet 200. In this application, the tensile strength of the diaphragm 220 is between 1 MPa and 3 MPa, giving the diaphragm 220 sufficient flexibility and puncture resistance to meet the processing performance requirements of the electrode sheet 200 in automated production lines. The tensile strength of the diaphragm 220, between 1 MPa and 3 MPa, can release stress through moderate plastic deformation, avoiding separation of the current collector 210 and the diaphragm 220 interface due to excessively high elastic modulus; at the same time, this strength range can prevent the diaphragm 220 from pulverizing or falling off due to excessive softening, ensuring the long-term stability of the electrode structure.

[0077] When the tensile strength of diaphragm 220 is less than 1 MPa, diaphragm 220 is prone to tearing or breaking, and diaphragm 220 is prone to separation from current collector 210. When the tensile strength of diaphragm 220 is greater than 3 MPa, diaphragm 220 is prone to cracking, and the composite operation of diaphragm 220 and current collector 210 becomes complicated.

[0078] It should be noted that the tensile strength of the diaphragm 220 can be selected as needed. For example, the tensile strength of the diaphragm 220 can be 1 MPa, 1.2 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 1.8 MPa, 2 MPa, 2.3 MPa, 2.5 MPa, 2.8 MPa, or 3 MPa, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit this. In addition, the porosity of the diaphragm 220 prepared by the above-mentioned sheet preparation equipment 100 is 45-55%, and the porosity of the electrode is 65-75%.

[0079] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11In some embodiments, the current collector 210 has multiple grids 211, each grid 211 having mesh openings 212. Each grid 211 includes a first wire segment 2111, a second wire segment 2112, a third wire segment 2113, and a fourth wire segment 2114 connected sequentially around the mesh openings 212. The first wire segment 2111 and the second wire segment 2112 are connected, and an arc surface 2115 facing the mesh openings 212 is formed at the connection point. The third wire segment 2113 and the fourth wire segment 2114 are connected, and an obtuse angle facing the mesh openings 212 is formed at the connection point. The obtuse angle is opposite to the arc surface 2115. Thus, the arc surface 2115 facing the mesh openings 212 formed at the connection point of the first wire segment 2111 and the second wire segment 2112 achieves an arc transition connection between the first wire segment 2111 and the second wire segment 2112. When the current collector 210 is subjected to slight tension, the arc surface 2115 can absorb some of the stress through slight elastic deformation, preventing stress concentration at a single point. Because of the arc transition and the absence of sharp corners, cracks or permanent deformation are less likely to occur at the connection between the first wire segment 2111 and the second wire segment 2112, allowing the mesh 211 to maintain its overall geometric stability under slight external forces. The obtuse angle formed at the connection between the third wire segment 2113 and the fourth wire segment 2114 allows the third wire segment 2113 and the fourth wire segment 2114 to more effectively distribute the tensile force to adjacent wire segments when under stress, reducing the possibility of local yielding and limiting the overall deformation of the mesh 211. The arc surface 2115 and the obtuse angle are set opposite to each other in the grid 211. The arc surface 2115 plays the role of flexible buffer, while the obtuse angle plays the role of rigid support. This design forms mechanical complementarity. When tensile force is applied, the flexible buffer and the rigid support on the opposite side work together to enable the grid 211 to adaptively adjust the internal force distribution under slight tension, and it is not easy to deform.

[0080] Reference Figure 11 In some embodiments, the obtuse included angle is θ, where, Thus, within this angular range, the obtuse angle provides good structural support for the current collector 210. When the current collector 210 is subjected to tensile force, the obtuse angle of 100°-150° can effectively disperse stress and prevent stress concentration at the joint. In addition, the obtuse angle of 100°-150° prevents the wire segments from changing direction too abruptly under stress, thereby reducing the risk of wire breakage and enhancing the overall tensile strength of the current collector 210.

[0081] Furthermore, the obtuse angle of 100°-150° makes the shape of the mesh 211 relatively smooth. When current is conducted on the current collector 210, there will be no significant current congestion due to the small angle of the mesh opening 212. This allows the current to be distributed more evenly on the third mesh segment 2113 and the fourth mesh segment 2114, reducing resistance, improving current conduction efficiency, and thus enhancing the battery's charge and discharge performance. The obtuse angle of 100°-150° also gives the mesh 211 a larger surface area, facilitating the combination of the active material and the current collector 210. It also increases the contact area between the active material and the current collector 210, which helps improve the utilization rate of the active material. This allows the battery to undergo more complete electrochemical reactions during charge and discharge, thereby increasing the battery's capacity and energy density.

[0082] If the obtuse angle is less than 100°, the current will be significantly impeded at the corner of the mesh 212, leading to an increase in local current density, resistance, and energy loss. If the obtuse angle is greater than 150°, on the one hand, the mesh 212 of the current collector 210 will be elongated and narrow, which is not conducive to the final bonding of the active material with the current collector 210. On the other hand, it will lead to a decrease in the tensile strength of the current collector 210, making it prone to over-stretching and collapse during the final pressing process after the active material and current collector 210 are laminated.

[0083] It should be noted that the range of values ​​for the obtuse angle can be selected as needed. For example, the obtuse angle can be 100°, 110°, 120°, 125°, 130°, 135°, 140°, 145°, or 150°, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0084] Reference Figure 11 In one embodiment, the distance between the connection point of the first wire segment 2111 and the fourth wire segment 2114 and the connection point of the second wire segment 2112 and the third wire segment 2113 is L1, wherein, Thus, within this distance range, the mesh 211 can provide a suitable conduction path for the current. When L1 is between 0.86mm and 2.90mm, the current can flow relatively smoothly between the mesh openings 212, reducing energy loss and improving the battery's power performance. Furthermore, when the active material combines with the current collector 210, it ensures sufficient contact area and a robust reaction interface, improving the utilization rate of the active material and preventing a decrease in battery capacity and energy density.

[0085] When L1 is greater than 2.90 mm, the current needs to travel a longer path during conduction, leading to increased resistance. This causes the battery to generate more heat during charging and discharging, increasing energy loss and thus reducing the battery's charging and discharging efficiency and power performance. When the long diagonal length is less than 0.86 mm, not only will the mesh 212 of the current collector 210 be too dense, increasing the resistance to current conduction and leading to increased internal resistance of the battery, but it will also require higher precision and stricter process control during the manufacturing of the current collector 210, resulting in a relatively slower production speed.

[0086] It should be noted that the value of L1 can be selected as needed. For example, the value of L1 can be 0.86mm, 0.95mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, or 2.9mm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0087] In one embodiment, the distance between the junction of the first wire segment 2111 and the second wire segment 2112 and the junction of the third wire segment 2113 and the fourth wire segment 2114 is L2, wherein, In this way, the mesh 212 has a suitable size within this range, allowing current to be smoothly conducted between the mesh wires. Furthermore, the distribution of the first mesh wire segment 2111, the second mesh wire segment 2112, the third mesh wire segment 2113, and the fourth mesh wire segment 2114 is relatively reasonable, which can reduce energy loss, accelerate charging speed, and improve the power performance of the battery. At this time, the first wire segment 2111, the second wire segment 2112, the third wire segment 2113, and the fourth wire segment 2114 form an integral structure with good mechanical properties. When the battery is subjected to external forces, the current collector 210 can better withstand stress and is less prone to deformation or breakage, ensuring the integrity of the battery structure. When the spacing is less than 0.5mm, it will lead to current congestion and increased resistance. When the spacing is greater than 0.78mm, it will make the current path too long and increase energy loss.

[0088] It should be noted that the value of L2 can be selected as needed. For example, the value of L2 can be 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.68mm, 0.7mm, 0.74mm, or 0.78mm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0089] In one embodiment, the first wire segment 2111 and the second wire segment 2112 are of equal length, and the third wire segment 2113 and the fourth wire segment 2114 are of equal length, wherein the length of the third wire segment 2113 is L3. Thus, the equal lengths of the first and second wire segments 2111 and the equal lengths of the third and fourth wire segments 2113 and 2114 give the current collector 210 a high degree of symmetry. This symmetrical structure allows the equally long wire segments to share the force when the current collector 210 is subjected to tensile or compressive forces, making the deformation of the entire grid 211 more uniform, reducing the risk of excessive local deformation and damage, and thus enhancing the overall stability of the current collector 210. The equal lengths of the first and second wire segments 2111 and 2112 ensure that the current transmission distance on the first and second wire segments 2111 and 2112 is consistent, avoiding resistance differences caused by varying path lengths. Similarly, the equal lengths of the third and fourth wire segments 2113 and 2114 ensure that the transmission distance on the third and fourth wire segments 2113 and 2114 is consistent, avoiding resistance differences caused by varying path lengths. Furthermore, The conductivity of the first wire segment 2111 and the second wire segment 2112 can be optimized, allowing the current to pass through the current collector 210 more smoothly, reducing the overall resistance and improving the conductivity efficiency.

[0090] Furthermore, when L3 is less than 0.5 mm, the length of the first wire segment 2111 is too short. This means that when the current collector 210 is subjected to external forces such as tension, bending, or vibration, the short wire segment cannot effectively distribute stress, making it prone to breakage at joints or in the middle. When L3 is less than 0.5 mm, the current collector 210 is more difficult to process. When L3 is greater than 1.5 mm, it leads to increased resistance in the first wire segment 2111 and delays current transmission. Furthermore, when L3 is greater than 1.5 mm, more material is required, increasing manufacturing costs.

[0091] It should be noted that the length of the first wire segment 2111 can be selected as needed. For example, the length of the first wire segment 2111 can be 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.85mm, 0.9mm, 0.95mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, or 1.5mm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0092] In one embodiment, the first wire segment 2111, the second wire segment 2112, the third wire segment 2113, and the fourth wire segment 2114 have the same radius. This ensures that when the current collector 210 is subjected to external forces, the stress is evenly distributed among the first wire segment 2111, the second wire segment 2112, the third wire segment 2113, and the fourth wire segment 2114, reducing the risk of localized fracture. The identical radius also allows the first wire segment 2111, the second wire segment 2112, the third wire segment 2113, and the fourth wire segment 2114 to undergo fatigue damage at similar rates, avoiding overall structural failure due to some wire segments reaching their fatigue limit first, thereby improving the fatigue resistance and service life of the current collector 210. Setting the radius to be the same ensures that the resistance of the first wire segment 2111, the second wire segment 2112, the third wire segment 2113, and the fourth wire segment 2114 is consistent. This allows the current to be evenly distributed across each wire segment when it is transmitted in the current collector 210, reducing the current concentration phenomenon caused by resistance differences. This reduces the overall resistance of the current collector 210 and improves the conductivity.

[0093] In one embodiment, the radius of the first wire segment 2111 is r, wherein, This design ensures that the first wire segment 2111, the second wire segment 2112, the third wire segment 2113, and the fourth wire segment 2114 possess sufficient strength and toughness, enabling the current collector 210 to withstand significant external forces without easily breaking. The design of the first wire segment 2111's radius between 0.1mm and 0.4mm allows it to have a relatively large cross-sectional area, effectively reducing the resistance of the current collector 210, minimizing energy loss during current transmission, and improving the battery's charging and discharging efficiency and energy utilization.

[0094] When the radius of the first wire segment 2111 is less than 0.1 mm, the radius of the first wire segment 2111 is too small, which makes the current collector 210 prone to deformation and breakage and difficult to process. When the radius of the first wire segment 2111 is greater than 0.4 mm, the current collector 210 is not flexible enough and is difficult to bend, which makes subsequent processing difficult and increases production costs.

[0095] It should be noted that the radius of the first wire segment 2111 can be selected as needed. For example, the radius of the first wire segment 2111 can be 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, or 0.4mm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0096] Reference Figure 12 and Figure 13In some embodiments, the current collector 210 includes a plurality of first mesh wires 2121 and a plurality of second mesh wires 2122. A portion of the plurality of first mesh wires 2121 is arranged sequentially along a first direction, and another portion of the plurality of first mesh wires 2121 is arranged sequentially along a second direction. The first mesh wires 2121 arranged along the first direction and the first mesh wires 2121 arranged along the second direction are connected and arranged at an angle. The plurality of second mesh wires 2122 are connected to the plurality of first mesh wires 2121. A portion of the plurality of second mesh wires 2122 is arranged sequentially along the first direction. Another portion is arranged sequentially along the second direction. A portion of the second mesh wires 2122 arranged along the first direction and another portion of the second mesh wires 2122 arranged along the second direction are connected and set at an angle. Specifically, a second mesh wire 2122 arranged in the first direction is positioned between two adjacent first mesh wires 2121, and a second mesh wire 2122 arranged in the second direction is positioned between two adjacent first mesh wires 2121. Thus, multiple first mesh wires 2121 and multiple second mesh wires 2122 can cooperate to form a multi-dimensional interwoven mesh structure. This mesh structure can effectively disperse external forces. When the current collector is subjected to tensile, compressive, or impact forces in a certain direction, the force can be transmitted and dispersed along the first mesh wires 2121 and second mesh wires 2122 in different directions, avoiding stress concentration, thereby enhancing the overall deformation and damage resistance of the current collector and making its structure more stable. In addition, the first mesh wire 2121 and the second mesh wire arranged along the first and second directions support each other, which can effectively prevent the current collection net from twisting, wrinkling or loosening during use, and ensure that the current collection net can maintain a stable shape and structure under various working conditions and maintain its normal current collection function.

[0097] The radius of the first wire 2121 is larger than that of the second wire 2122. This design allows for reasonable control of material costs while ensuring the overall strength and performance of the current collector. The larger-radius first wire 2121 serves as the main load-bearing structure, providing sufficient strength and stability. The smaller-radius second wire 2122 frees up space to fill with active material. The combination of the large-radius first current collector and the small-radius second current collector not only increases the space available for filling with active material while maintaining the current collector's strength, but also increases the contact area between the active material and the current collector. This results in a stronger bonding interface between the current collector and the active material when they are combined, preventing easy separation between them.

[0098] Reference Figures 4 to 6 In some embodiments, the radius of the first mesh wire 2121 is R5, and the radius of the second mesh wire 2122 is R6, wherein... In this range, a good balance can be achieved between the performance and cost of the current collector 210, ensuring sufficient space for filling the active material while meeting the strength requirements of the current collector mesh. If R5 / R6 is less than 2, meaning the radii of the first mesh 2121 and the second mesh 2122 are not significantly different, the advantages of the first mesh 2121 in current transmission and structural support may not be fully utilized, while also increasing material costs and reducing the space available for filling the active material. If R5 / R6 is greater than 6, the radius of the second mesh 2122 may be too small, potentially making the current collector 210 structure too fragile and unable to effectively fix the active material, thus affecting the battery's performance and stability.

[0099] It should be noted that the values ​​of R5 / R6 can be selected as needed. For example, the values ​​of R5 / R6 can be 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, or 6, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0100] Furthermore, the radius of the first mesh wire 2121 can be selected as needed. Specifically, in some embodiments, Thus, when R5 is in the range of 0.2mm-0.3mm, the first mesh wire 2121 has relatively low resistance, providing a smoother current transmission path during battery charging and discharging, reducing energy loss due to resistance, and improving battery charging and discharging efficiency. The 0.2mm-0.3mm radius range ensures that the first mesh wire 2121 has sufficient bending and tensile strength, effectively preventing deformation or breakage of the current collector 210 and ensuring its structural integrity. This radius range also allows for good matching between the active material and the current collector 210, improving battery energy density. When R5 is less than 0.2mm, the bending and tensile strength of the first mesh wire 2121 is weak, making the current collector 210 prone to deformation or breakage, and the first mesh wire 2121 may not provide sufficient adhesion area and support for the active material. When R5 is greater than 0.3mm, it occupies too much space, reducing the amount of active material filled, thus affecting the performance of the subsequent electrode sheet 200.

[0101] It should be noted that the value of R5 can be selected as needed. For example, the value of R5 can be 0.2mm, 0.22mm, 0.25mm, 0.28mm, or 0.3mm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0102] In some embodiments, Thus, the radius of the second mesh 2122 is within the range of 0.05mm-0.1mm. On the one hand, this results in relatively low resistance for the second mesh 2122, providing a smoother current transmission path during battery charging and discharging, reducing energy loss due to resistance, and improving battery charging and discharging efficiency. On the other hand, it gives the current collector 210 a certain degree of flexibility, as the current collector 210 needs to adapt to the bending and deformation of the electrodes during battery manufacturing and use. The smaller second mesh 2122 can alleviate stress concentration to some extent, preventing the current collector 210 from breaking due to excessive bending, thus improving the reliability and service life of the current collector 210. The smaller radius of the second mesh 2122 (0.05mm-0.1mm) means that less material is required to manufacture the same area of ​​current collector 210, reducing the manufacturing cost of the current collector 210 and consequently lowering the overall battery production cost.

[0103] When the radius of the second mesh 2122 is less than 0.05 mm, it will be prone to breakage, and may not provide sufficient adhesion area and support for the active material. When the radius of the second mesh 2122 is greater than 0.1 mm, it will occupy too much space, reducing the amount of active material filled, thus affecting the performance of the subsequent electrode sheet 200.

[0104] It should be noted that the value of R6 can be selected as needed. For example, the value of R6 can be 0.05mm, 0.055mm, 0.058mm, 0.06mm, 0.065mm, 0.07mm, 0.075mm, 0.08mm, 0.085mm, 0.09mm, or 0.1mm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0105] In some embodiments, the areal density of the current collector is SD, wherein, Thus, within this areal density range, the current collector ensures sufficient metal content to form a continuous conductive network, reducing electrode internal resistance and improving current conduction efficiency. Furthermore, it allows the current collector to provide sufficient support to prevent electrode active material from detaching, while also avoiding excessive space occupation due to excessive current collector thickness, thereby freeing up more volume for the active material and increasing battery energy density. The areal density of the current collector satisfies... This can reduce electrode polarization and lower voltage hysteresis during charging and discharging, allowing the battery to maintain high power output even during high-rate charging and discharging. The areal density is... The current collector has moderate thickness and strength, which can withstand mechanical stresses such as winding and stamping during electrode manufacturing, reducing the risk of current collector breakage or deformation and extending battery life.

[0106] If the surface density is less than The conductive network may break, leading to excessively high local current density; if the surface density is greater than... Although conductivity is improved, cost increases significantly.

[0107] It should be noted that the areal density of the current collector can be selected as needed. For example, the areal density of the current collector can be... , , , , , , , , , or Etc. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0108] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0109] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0110] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0111] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A film forming mechanism characterized by comprising: The film forming mechanism comprises N calender rollers, the N calender rollers are arranged in sequence and are adapted to convey material and calender the conveyed material for multiple times to form a film, N-1 gaps are formed between the N calender rollers, along the material conveying direction, the sizes of the N-1 gaps are arranged in equal difference, and the speeds of the N calender rollers are sequentially increased, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

2. The film forming mechanism according to claim 1, wherein The difference between two adjacent gaps in the material conveying direction is ΔK, wherein, .

3. The film forming mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by The ratio of the larger speed value to the smaller speed value of the two adjacent calender rollers forms a speed ratio parameter, the difference between the larger speed ratio parameter and the smaller speed ratio parameter of the two closest speed ratio parameters forms a speed ratio difference, the N calender rollers form N-1 speed ratio parameters, and the N-1 speed ratio parameters form N-2 speed ratio differences, wherein the N-2 speed ratio difference values are arranged in an equal difference series, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 4.

4. The film forming mechanism according to claim 3, wherein The difference between two adjacent said speed ratio differences is ΔV, wherein .

5. The film forming mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by Along the material conveying direction, the radii of the multiple calender rollers sequentially increase.

6. The film forming mechanism according to claim 5, wherein The two adjacent calender rolls comprise a first calender roll and a second calender roll, along the material conveying direction, the first calender roll is upstream of the second calender roll, wherein the radius of the first calender roll is R1, and the radius of the second calender roll is R2, .

7. A tabletting apparatus characterized by The film forming mechanism comprises two film forming mechanisms as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, each of the film forming mechanisms further comprises a composite roller, and the composite rollers of the two film forming mechanisms are arranged adjacent to each other and are used to composite two films and a current collector to form an electrode sheet.

8. The tabletting apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that The film forming mechanism further comprises a calender assembly, the calender assembly comprises multiple calender rollers, and the multiple calender rollers are used to calender the electrode sheet, wherein the radii of the calender rollers are greater than the radii of the calender rollers.

9. The tabletting apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that The radius of the squeezeroll is R3 and the radius of the calender roll is R4, wherein .

10. An electrode sheet produced based on the tabletting apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized by The electrode sheet comprises: a current collector having a first side and a second side arranged away from each other; Two membranes are disposed on the first side and the second side, respectively, and both of the membranes are embeddedly matched with the current collector, wherein the tensile strength of the membrane is TS, .

11. The electrode pad of claim 10, wherein the current collector has multiple meshes, each of the meshes has a mesh hole, each of the meshes comprises a first mesh wire segment, a second mesh wire segment, a third mesh wire segment and a fourth mesh wire segment connected in sequence around the mesh hole, the first mesh wire segment and the second mesh wire segment are connected and the connection forms a circular arc surface arranged towards the mesh hole, the third mesh wire segment and the fourth mesh wire segment are connected and the connection forms an obtuse included angle arranged towards the mesh hole, and the obtuse included angle is arranged opposite to the circular arc surface.

12. The electrode pad of claim 11, wherein, The obtuse angle is θ, where .

13. The electrode pad of claim 10, wherein The current collector comprises: a plurality of first mesh wires, a part of the plurality of first mesh wires are arranged in a first direction in sequence, another part of the plurality of first mesh wires are arranged in a second direction in sequence, the first mesh wires arranged in the first direction and the first mesh wires arranged in the second direction are connected and arranged at an included angle; a plurality of second mesh wires connected with the plurality of first mesh wires, a part of the plurality of second mesh wires are arranged in the first direction in sequence, another part of the plurality of second mesh wires are arranged in the second direction in sequence, the part of the second mesh wires arranged in the first direction and the other part of the second mesh wires arranged in the second direction are connected and arranged at an included angle; wherein the second mesh wires arranged in the first direction are arranged between two adjacent first mesh wires arranged in the first direction, the second mesh wires arranged in the second direction are arranged between two adjacent first mesh wires arranged in the second direction, and the radius of the first mesh wire is greater than the radius of the second mesh wire.

14. The electrode sheet according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized by The areal density of the current collector is SD, where .

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