New energy heavy truck battery sharing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a new energy heavy truck battery sharing method. The problems that an electric heavy truck is short in driving range, long in charging time and low in efficiency are solved. According to the mother-son vehicle battery sharing V2V system, a mother-son vehicle all-in-one controller reserved interface is connected with a mother-son vehicle all-in-one controller through a high-voltage cable, high-voltage and low-voltage information intercommunication of a mother-son vehicle is achieved, a mother vehicle whole vehicle controller VCU monitors the state of a mother-son vehicle power battery and fault information of the vehicle, a high-voltage power source of the mother-son vehicle is controlled, and the mother-son vehicle all-in-one controller is connected with the mother-son vehicle all- and sharing of the primary and secondary vehicle power batteries is realized. Through straddle-vehicle battery sharing, power batteries of the child-mother vehicle can be fully utilized, the charging frequency is reduced, and the whole-cycle power utilization cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a battery sharing method for new energy heavy-duty trucks, belonging to the field of new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the new energy heavy-duty truck industry has developed rapidly. Driven by both policy and market forces, the penetration rate of new energy heavy-duty trucks has increased rapidly. With the decline in the overall cost and price of vehicles and the optimization of comprehensive power consumption, the economic benefits of the pure oil-electric price difference have continued to improve, the payback period has been significantly shortened, and the economic advantages of terminal operation have become prominent, leading to an explosive demand for the electrification of heavy-duty trucks. However, the problems of short driving range, long charging time, and low efficiency of electric heavy-duty trucks have gradually become apparent. Moreover, the transportation and industrial structure are undergoing rapid adjustments, with the promotion of coal transportation shifting from road to rail, road to water, and waterway intermodal transport. This has resulted in overcapacity and low freight rates, creating an urgent need for cost reduction and revenue increase. While one-way freight is stable and freight rates are considerable, the lack of freight on return trips has led to the gradual rise of the tandem truck model. To reduce the number of charging times and greatly improve operational efficiency on the return trip, the V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) technology for sharing power batteries has application needs in scenarios such as trunk logistics, intercity freight, and coal transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to develop a suitable V2V power battery sharing technology solution for the specific operating scenario of pure electric tandem vehicles with no cargo on the return trip, where the return trip is "heavy outbound and light return". By precisely controlling the high voltage on / off of the mother vehicle's VCU to select the power source, the return trip range without cargo is doubled, the cost of one-way cargo transportation is reduced, and toll fees, power consumption and tire wear are reduced.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for sharing batteries in new energy heavy-duty trucks is disclosed. The V2V battery sharing system of the mother and daughter vehicles connects the reserved interface of the mother vehicle's multi-function controller to the daughter vehicle's multi-function controller via a high-voltage cable, enabling high and low voltage information exchange between the mother and daughter vehicles. The mother vehicle's vehicle control unit (VCU) monitors the status of the power batteries in the mother and daughter vehicles and vehicle fault information, and controls the high-voltage power source of the mother and daughter vehicles to achieve battery sharing between the mother and daughter vehicles.

[0005] Specifically, the method includes: 1) Hardware aspects High-voltage cable: As a key device for connecting the power batteries of the mother car and the daughter car, it uses a double-headed charging gun type cable, with one end connected to the multi-in-one reserved port of the mother car and the other end connected to the multi-in-one reserved port of the daughter car. The high-voltage cable has power and signal transmission functions. All-in-one controller: As the most important physical connection device in the battery-shared V2V system, the all-in-one controller constructs a brand-new high-voltage system topology; Vehicle Controller (VCU): By adding an external physical input interface, the battery sharing V2V system mode switching is realized. At the same time, the power-on and power-off of the multi-in-one controller are triggered in a timely manner according to different vehicle operating conditions to achieve the optimal configuration of energy efficiency. 2) Software control aspect With the goal of "intelligent scheduling, safety management, and energy efficiency optimization," vehicle information of the mother and daughter vehicles is collected. Combined with the high-voltage cable connection status and failure modes of the entire vehicle, collaborative linkage and intelligent management of the entire process of the mother and daughter vehicles are achieved. Specifically, this includes: 2.1) Control of the mother-daughter vehicle battery sharing system When the mother car's battery level is below 10%, V2V needs to be performed. First, confirm that the high and low voltage spiral wires of the daughter car and the mother car have been connected. Sub-vehicle power-on procedure: The sub-vehicle does not require a key to start. Press the power supply switch, the VCU receives the switch wake-up signal, and low-voltage power is supplied. It also checks whether the sub-vehicle has the necessary power supply conditions. When the VCU detects a level 3 fault in the sub-vehicle, the mother vehicle display shows the sub-vehicle fault information and prohibits the sub-vehicle from supplying high voltage. If no level 3 fault is detected, a CAN communication handshake verification is performed with the mother vehicle to verify whether the electrical equipment of the sub-vehicle and mother vehicle has the necessary power supply conditions, whether the sub-vehicle's SOC is greater than 20%, and whether the high and low voltage spiral wires are locked. After the verification is passed, the sub-vehicle enters the power supply mode. During this period, driving is prohibited. The sub-vehicle disconnects the motor high-voltage relay and closes the multi-in-one auxiliary drive relay and multi-in-one power supply relay. The sub-vehicle supplies high-voltage power to the mother vehicle's auxiliary drive system through the spiral wires. Master vehicle power-on procedure: Turn the master vehicle key to the ON position, press the power supply switch, the VCU low voltage is powered on, the display shows low voltage power-on and the spiral wire connection lock status, the VCU detects whether the master vehicle has the power receiving conditions, when the master vehicle has a level 3 fault, the master vehicle instrument displays fault information and prohibits the master vehicle from receiving high voltage; if no level 3 fault is detected, a CAN communication handshake verification is performed with the slave vehicle. If the verification fails, the master vehicle prohibits high voltage driving, and the display pops up a reminder that the vehicle failed to enter the power supply mode and should check the power supply connection or exit the power supply mode; if the verification is successful, the master vehicle enters the power receiving mode, the master vehicle closes the motor high voltage relay, closes the multi-in-one auxiliary drive relay, closes the multi-in-one spiral wire high voltage input relay, and the display shows that the vehicle has entered the power supply mode; 2.2) Vehicle high-voltage power-on process With the ignition key in the OFF position, connect the spiral cable. After completion, switch the ignition key to the ON position. The VCU will perform a self-check for faults. If a fault is found, the instrument cluster will display the fault. If no fault is found, the VCU will output a wake-up signal to wake up the multi-function controller and BMS controller. Then, it will check if the auxiliary power switch position is valid. If invalid, it will first check if there is a fault in the main vehicle. If a fault is found, the instrument cluster will display the fault and exit the high-voltage process. If no fault is found, the ignition key will be turned on. When the vehicle relays are open, a command to close the BMS main vehicle main negative relay will be sent. After the BMS main vehicle main negative relay is closed, a command to close the multi-function relay will be sent. When the multi-function relay is closed, a Ready status will be sent. If the auxiliary power switch position is... When the bit is active, the VCU outputs a wake-up signal. The mother car VCU controls the wake-up of the daughter car VCU to perform a handshake verification. If the handshake verification fails, after three consecutive failures, the display shows a fault, and the mother-daughter connection fails. If the handshake verification is successful, the next step is to check if there is a fault in the daughter car. If there is a fault, the display and instrument cluster show the fault and disconnect the connection. If there is no fault, the key is turned on. When the vehicle relay is detected to be open, a command to close the BMS daughter car main negative relay is sent. After the BMS daughter car main negative relay is closed, a command to close the multi-in-one relay is sent. After the multi-in-one reserved relay is closed, a command to close the multi-in-one relay is sent again. After the multi-in-one relay is closed, the Ready status is sent. 2.3) Vehicle high-voltage power-off procedure When the vehicle is in Ready state, switch the key to OFF; or when there is a level 3 fault in the mother and daughter vehicles, both states require checking if the vehicle speed is ≤5km / h; if the vehicle speed is ≤5km / h, the VCU sends a command to shut down the oil pump, air pump, and DC-DC enable; if the vehicle speed is >5km / h, the VCU sends a command to decelerate until the vehicle stops, and then sends a command to shut down the MCU enable. After completion, it checks if there is current on the high-voltage bus. If there is no current, the VCU continues to send a command to shut down the enable; if there is current, the VCU sends a command to disconnect the high-voltage relay and a command to disconnect the main negative relay of the BMS. When the disconnection of the main negative relay is detected, the VCU disconnects the output wake-up signal and then goes into sleep mode. At this point, the high-voltage power-off of the entire vehicle is complete.

[0006] This invention, through cross-vehicle battery sharing, can make full use of the power batteries of parent and child vehicles, reduce charging frequency, and lower the total cost of electricity throughout the entire life cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 Diagram of a battery sharing system for parent and child vehicles; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a mother-daughter vehicle battery sharing system; Figure 3 : Control flowchart of the parent-child vehicle battery sharing system; Figure 4 Flowchart of high-voltage power-on process for the entire vehicle; Figure 5 Flowchart of the vehicle's high-voltage power-off process. Detailed Implementation

[0008] This invention relates to a battery sharing method for new energy heavy-duty trucks. The V2V battery sharing system connects the mother truck's multi-function controller to the daughter truck via a high-voltage cable, enabling high and low voltage information exchange between the two vehicles. The mother truck's overall vehicle control monitors the battery status and vehicle fault information of both vehicles, controlling the high-voltage power source of both vehicles to achieve battery sharing. The V2V battery sharing system for mother and daughter trucks is described below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0009] 1. Hardware aspects High-voltage cable: As a key device connecting the power batteries of the main vehicle and the slave vehicle, it uses a dual-head charging gun type cable, with one end connected to the multi-in-one reserved port on the main vehicle and the other end connected to the multi-in-one reserved port on the slave vehicle. This high-voltage cable has power and signal transmission functions.

[0010] All-in-one controller: As the most important physical connection device in battery-shared V2V systems, the all-in-one controller constructs a brand-new high-voltage system topology.

[0011] Vehicle Control Unit (VCU): By adding an external physical input interface, it enables switching between battery-shared V2V system modes. Simultaneously, it promptly triggers the power-on and power-off of the multi-function controller based on different vehicle operating conditions to achieve optimal energy efficiency. The schematic diagram is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0012] 2. Software control aspects With the goal of "intelligent scheduling, safety management, and energy efficiency optimization," vehicle information of both mother and daughter vehicles is collected. Combined with the vehicle's high-voltage cable connection status and failure modes such as faults, collaborative operation and intelligent management of both mother and daughter vehicles throughout the entire process are achieved. 1. Control of the battery sharing system for mother and daughter vehicles (e.g.) Figure 3 (as shown) When the mother car's battery level is below 10%, V2V needs to be performed. First, confirm that the high and low voltage spiral wires of the daughter car and the mother car have been connected.

[0013] Sub-vehicle power-on procedure: The sub-vehicle does not require a key to start. Pressing the power supply switch activates the VCU, which receives the wake-up signal. Low-voltage power is supplied, and the VCU checks if the sub-vehicle has the necessary power supply capabilities. If the VCU detects a level 3 fault in the sub-vehicle, the mother vehicle's display shows the fault information and prohibits the sub-vehicle from receiving high voltage. If no level 3 fault is detected, a CAN communication handshake verification is performed with the mother vehicle to check if the electrical equipment of both the sub-vehicle and mother vehicle has the necessary power supply capabilities, if the sub-vehicle's SOC is greater than 20%, and if the high and low voltage spiral wires are locked. After successful verification, the sub-vehicle enters power supply mode, during which driving is prohibited. The sub-vehicle disconnects the motor high-voltage relay and closes the multi-functional auxiliary drive relay and multi-functional power supply relay. The sub-vehicle then supplies high-voltage power to the mother vehicle's auxiliary drive system via the spiral wires.

[0014] Master vehicle power-on procedure: Turn the master vehicle key to the ON position, press the power supply switch, the VCU low voltage is powered on, the display shows low voltage power-on and the spiral wire connection lock status, the VCU detects whether the master vehicle has the conditions to receive power. When the master vehicle has a level 3 fault, the master vehicle instrument displays fault information and prohibits the master vehicle from receiving high voltage; if no level 3 fault is detected, a CAN communication handshake verification is performed with the slave vehicle. If the verification fails, the master vehicle prohibits high voltage driving, and the display pops up a reminder to both vehicles: "Failed to enter power supply mode, please check the power supply connection or exit power supply mode"; if the verification is successful, the master vehicle enters the power receiving mode, the master vehicle closes the motor high voltage relay, closes the multi-in-one auxiliary drive relay, closes the multi-in-one spiral wire high voltage input relay, and the display shows that the vehicle has entered the power supply mode.

[0015] 2. Vehicle high-voltage power-on procedure (e.g.) Figure 4 (as shown) With the ignition key in the OFF position, connect the spiral cable, and then switch the ignition key to the ON position. The VCU self-checks for faults. If a fault is found, the instrument cluster displays the fault; if no fault is found, the VCU outputs a wake-up signal to wake up the multi-function controller, BMS, etc. Then, it checks if the power supply switch position is valid. If invalid, it first checks if there is a fault in the main vehicle. If a fault is found, the instrument cluster displays the fault and exits the high-voltage process; if no fault is found, the ignition key is turned on. When the vehicle relays are disconnected, a command to close the BMS main vehicle negative relay is sent. After the BMS main vehicle negative relay is closed, a command to close the multi-function relay is sent. When the multi-function relay is closed, a Ready status is sent. If the power supply switch is in the active position, the VCU outputs a wake-up signal. The mother vehicle VCU controls the wake-up of the daughter vehicle VCU to perform a handshake verification. If the handshake verification fails, after three consecutive failures, the display screen indicates a fault, and the mother-daughter vehicle connection fails. If the handshake verification is successful, the next step is to check if there is a fault in the daughter vehicle. If a fault exists, the display screen and instrument cluster show the fault and disconnect the connection. If there is no fault, the ignition key is turned on. When the vehicle relay is detected to be open, a command to close the BMS daughter vehicle main negative relay is sent. After the BMS daughter vehicle main negative relay is closed, a command to close the multi-function relay is sent. After the multi-function reserved relay is closed, a command to close the multi-function relay is sent again. After the multi-function relay is closed, a Ready status is sent.

[0016] 3. Vehicle high-voltage power-off procedure (e.g.) Figure 5 (as shown) When the vehicle is in Ready mode, switch the key to OFF. Alternatively, if there is a Level 3 fault in either vehicle, both states require checking if the vehicle speed is ≤5 km / h. If the speed is ≤5 km / h, the VCU sends a command to shut down the oil pump, air pump, and DC-DC converter. If the speed is >5 km / h, the VCU sends a command to decelerate until the vehicle stops, and then sends a command to shut down the MCU. After completion, it checks for current in the high-voltage bus. If there is no current, the VCU continues to send a shutdown command. If there is current, the VCU sends a command to disconnect the high-voltage relay and a command to disconnect the main negative relay in the BMS. When the main negative relay is detected to be disconnected, the VCU disconnects its wake-up signal and then goes into sleep mode. At this point, the high-voltage power-off of the entire vehicle is complete.

[0017] This invention innovates a V2V battery sharing system for mother and daughter vehicles. This system connects the mother vehicle's multi-function controller with the daughter vehicle via a high-voltage cable, enabling high and low voltage information exchange between the two vehicles. The mother vehicle's overall vehicle control monitors the status of the mother and daughter vehicles' power batteries and vehicle fault information, and controls the high-voltage power sources of both vehicles, thus achieving battery sharing between the two vehicles.

[0018] Advantages of this invention: 1. Scene adaptation Focusing on the "heavy outbound, light return" segment of new energy heavy-duty trucks, and unlike conventional battery technology which focuses on a single model, this technology precisely addresses range and operational efficiency in specific scenarios through cross-vehicle battery sharing, filling the technological gaps in this segmented industry.

[0019] 2. Breakthrough in energy efficiency Compared to the traditional independent power supply mode, key technologies can be optimized, making full use of the power batteries of the mother and daughter vehicles, reducing charging frequency, lowering the total electricity cost, and helping the coal transportation industry reduce costs and increase efficiency.

Claims

1. A new energy heavy truck battery sharing method, characterized by: The battery sharing V2V system of the mother car and the child car is connected through a high-voltage cable, and the high-voltage and low-voltage information of the mother car and the child car is realized, the vehicle controller unit VCU of the mother car monitors the state of the power battery of the mother car and the child car and the fault information of the vehicle, controls the high-voltage power source of the mother car and the child car, and realizes the sharing of the power battery of the mother car and the child car.

2. The new energy heavy truck battery sharing method according to claim 1, characterized by: The method specifically comprises: 1) Hardware aspect High-voltage cable: as a key equipment for connecting the power batteries of the mother car and the child car, a double-head charging gun type cable is used, one end of which is connected to the multi-in-one reserved port of the mother car and the other end of which is connected to the multi-in-one reserved port of the child car, and the high-voltage cable has the functions of power supply and signal transmission; Multi-in-one controller: the multi-in-one controller is the most important physical connection equipment of the battery sharing V2V system, and a new high-voltage system topology structure is constructed; Vehicle controller unit VCU: by increasing an external physical input interface, the battery sharing V2V system mode switching is realized, and at the same time, the power-on and power-off of the multi-in-one controller are triggered in time according to the different working conditions of the vehicle, so that the optimal configuration of energy efficiency is achieved; 2) Software control aspect With the goal of "intelligent scheduling, safety management and control, and energy efficiency optimization", the vehicle information of the mother car and the child car is collected, the connection state of the high-voltage cable of the whole vehicle and the failure mode are combined, the collaborative linkage and intelligent management of the whole process of the mother car and the child car are realized, and specifically, the following steps are included: 2.1) Battery sharing system control of the mother car and the child car When the power of the mother car is less than 10%, V2V needs to be done, and first, it is confirmed that the high-voltage and low-voltage spiral wires of the mother car and the child car have been connected; Child car power-on process: the child car does not need to be started by a key, the power-up switch is pressed, the VCU receives the wake-up signal of the switch, the low-voltage is powered on, and whether the child car has power supply conditions is detected, when the VCU detects that there are three level faults of the child car, the mother car display screen displays the fault information of the child car, and the high voltage of the child car is prohibited; if no three level faults are detected, the CAN communication handshake verification is performed with the mother car, whether the power supply conditions of the electrical equipment of the mother car and the child car are verified, whether the SOC of the child car is greater than 20% is verified, and whether the high-voltage and low-voltage spiral wires are locked is verified; when the verification is passed, the child car enters the power supply mode, during which driving is prohibited, the child car disconnects the high-voltage relay of the motor, closes the multi-in-one auxiliary drive relay and the multi-in-one power supply relay, and the child car supplies high-voltage power to the auxiliary drive system of the mother car through the spiral wire; Mother car power-on process: the mother car key is turned to the ON position, the power-up switch is pressed, the VCU is low-voltage powered on, the display screen is low-voltage powered on and displays the locking state of the spiral wire connection, the VCU detects whether the mother car has power receiving conditions, when the mother car has three level faults, the mother car instrument displays the fault information, and the high voltage of the mother car is prohibited; if no three level faults are detected, the CAN communication handshake verification is performed with the child car, if the verification fails, the mother car prohibits high-voltage driving, the display screen pops up a window to remind that the vehicle enters the power supply mode fails, please check the power supply connection or exit the power supply mode; if the verification is successful, the mother car enters the power receiving mode, the mother car closes the high-voltage relay of the motor, closes the multi-in-one auxiliary drive relay, and closes the multi-in-one spiral wire high-voltage input relay, and the display screen displays that the vehicle enters the power supply mode; 2.2) Whole vehicle high-voltage power-on process When the key is in OFF, connect the spiral cable, and then switch the key to ON. The VCU checks for faults. If there is a fault, the instrument cluster displays the fault. If there is no fault, the VCU outputs a wake-up signal to wake up the multi-combination and BMS controller, and then determines whether the power supply switch position is valid. If it is not valid, first determine whether the parent vehicle has a fault. If there is a fault, the instrument cluster displays the fault and exits the high-voltage process. If there is no fault, start the key. When the vehicle relay is open, send a command to close the BMS parent vehicle main negative relay. After the BMS parent vehicle main negative relay is closed, send a command to close the multi-combination relay. After the multi-combination relay is closed, send a Ready state. If the power supply switch position is valid, the VCU outputs a wake-up signal, and the parent vehicle VCU controls the wake-up of the child vehicle VCU. If the handshake verification fails, the display indicates a fault, and the child-parent connection fails after three consecutive failures. If the handshake verification is successful, the next step is to detect whether the child vehicle has a fault. When there is a fault, the display and instrument cluster display the fault and exit the connection. When there is no fault, start the key. When the vehicle relay is open, send a command to close the BMS child vehicle main negative relay. After the BMS child vehicle main negative relay is closed, send a command to close the multi-combination relay. After the multi-combination relay is closed, continue to send a command to close the multi-combination relay. After the multi-combination relay is closed, send a Ready state. 2.3) Vehicle high-voltage power-down process When the vehicle is in the Ready state, switch the key to OFF. Or when the child-parent vehicle has a three-level fault, both states need to determine whether the vehicle speed is ≤5 km / h. If the vehicle speed is ≤5 km / h, the VCU sends a command to close the oil pump, air pump, and DCDC enable. If the vehicle speed is >5 km / h, the VCU sends a command to slow down until the vehicle stops. Then the VCU sends a command to close the MCU enable. After completion, check whether there is current on the high-voltage bus. If there is no current, the VCU continues to send a command to close the enable. If there is current, the VCU sends a command to open the high-voltage relay and a command to open the BMS main negative relay. When the main negative relay is detected to be open, the VCU outputs a wake-up signal and then the VCU sleeps. At this point, the vehicle high-voltage power-down is complete.

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