Variable speed spindle break-in test stand

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of detection devices, in particular to a variable-speed main shaft running test platform. The variable-speed main shaft running test platform is used for detecting a main shaft and comprises a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprising a connecting rope, a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly. The first transmission assembly comprises a first wheel and a second wheel, and the second transmission assembly comprises a third wheel and a fourth wheel. The connecting rope comprises a first rope and a second rope. The first rope and the second rope are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main shaft, the first rope and the second rope apply opposite and equal tension forces to the main shaft, and the main shaft is balanced. The design can effectively offset the deflection torque caused by the traditional single-side traction, and fundamentally solves the problem of local abnormal temperature rise of the main shaft caused by uneven force. The application provides the variable-speed main shaft running test platform to solve the problem that when a motor drives the main shaft to rotate through a belt, the belt causes uneven heating of the main shaft, and influences the measurement result.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of detection devices, and particularly relates to a variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench. BACKGROUND

[0002] The variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench is a comprehensive experimental equipment integrating mechanical, electrical, control and measurement systems. Its core function is to test the newly manufactured, repaired or to-be-detected main shaft under load or no-load operation in a controllable and simulated real working condition environment.

[0003] Through the running-in test, the system drives the main shaft to rotate and monitors the temperature changes of the front-end bearing, rear-end bearing and motor housing in real time to evaluate the running state of the main shaft. This process can effectively expose potential defects of the main shaft in the manufacturing or assembly process in advance, such as improper bearing installation, poor dynamic balance or existence of slight cracks in parts, thereby avoiding delivering defective products to customers and strictly ensuring the quality of the products. In addition, in the research and development stage, the test bench can collect a large amount of performance data (such as temperature rise curves and vibration frequency spectra under different rotating speeds) to provide key basis for design optimization. At the same time, the reliability and service life of the main shaft can also be objectively evaluated through long-term and high-intensity accelerated life tests. At present, such test benches mostly use belt transmission to connect the motor and the main shaft. However, when the main shaft is replaced, the process of disassembling the belt is relatively inconvenient.

[0004] The utility model patent with the announcement number CN216815990U provides a reverse well hob running-in test bench, which is convenient to brake the roller shaft through the brake mechanism, thereby improving the stability of the running-in device. However, when the motor drives the roller shaft to rotate through the belt, the belt will give the roller shaft a deflection force when the belt is tensioned. Long-term operation not only easily causes damage to the main shaft, but also causes abnormal local temperature difference due to uneven heat dissipation in the contact area and the non-contact area of the main shaft and the belt, thereby finally affecting the accuracy of the temperature measurement data. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench to solve the problem that the motor drives the main shaft to rotate through the belt, and the belt causes uneven heating of the main shaft, thereby affecting the measurement results.

[0006] The variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench of the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench is used for detecting the main shaft, and a coaxial outer cylinder is arranged outside the main shaft. The test bench comprises a base, a transmission mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a driving mechanism. The outer cylinder is horizontally rotatably arranged on the base. The transmission mechanism comprises a connecting rope and first and second transmission assemblies arranged on both sides of the main shaft in a first direction. The first direction is a horizontal direction and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft.

[0007] The first transmission assembly comprises a first wheel and a second wheel arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The second transmission assembly comprises a third wheel and a fourth wheel arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The axes of the first wheel, the second wheel, the third wheel and the fourth wheel are arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft and are rotatably arranged on the pedestal. The third wheel and the fourth wheel are slidable up and down. In operation, the first wheel, the second wheel, the third wheel and the fourth wheel form a parallelogram.

[0008] The connecting rope comprises a first rope and a second rope connected in sequence. The first rope is wound around the upper side of the first wheel, the lower side of the main shaft and the upper side of the third wheel in sequence, and the second rope is wound around the lower side of the second wheel, the upper side of the main shaft and the lower side of the fourth wheel in sequence. The driving mechanism drives the connecting rope to rotate, thereby driving the main shaft to rotate. The first rope and the second rope provide the main shaft with forces of the same size and opposite directions, so that the main shaft is in force balance. The adjusting mechanism moves the third wheel and the fourth wheel so that the center of the parallelogram is always located at the axis of the main shaft.

[0009] Further, the pedestal is provided with an adjusting groove. In the first direction, the adjusting groove is located on the side of the third wheel away from the main shaft. The adjusting groove is arranged obliquely. The adjusting mechanism comprises a tensioning assembly, and the tensioning assembly comprises a tensioning wheel. The tensioning wheel is slidably arranged in the adjusting groove and is rotatable. The center of the axis of the tensioning wheel and the axis connecting line of the third wheel and the fourth wheel are located on the same horizontal line. The connecting rope is wound around the tensioning wheel, so that the connecting rope is kept taut.

[0010] The transmission mechanism has a first state and a second state. In operation, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the distance between the third wheel and the fourth wheel is equal to the distance between the first wheel and the second wheel, and at this time the connecting rope is kept taut under the action of the tensioning wheel. When not in operation, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the distance between the third wheel and the fourth wheel is less than the distance between the first wheel and the second wheel, and at this time the connecting rope is kept relaxed.

[0011] Further, the adjusting mechanism further comprises a connecting plate, two sliding plates and two connecting rods. The two sliding plates are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, each sliding plate is slidably arranged on the pedestal in the up-down direction, and the third wheel and the fourth wheel are rotatably arranged on the two sliding plates. The connecting plate is located between the third wheel and the fourth wheel, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the connecting plate, and the other end of each connecting rod is rotatably connected with one sliding plate. The connecting plate moves in the up-down direction to drive the two sliding plates to move synchronously up and down, and the connecting plate moves along the axial direction of the main shaft to drive the two sliding plates to move closer to or farther away from each other.

[0012] Further, the tensioning wheel is provided with a connecting shaft coaxial with the tensioning wheel. The connecting shaft and the connecting plate are in sliding connection, the connecting plate can slide along the first direction relative to the connecting shaft, and can also slide along the axial direction of the connecting shaft relative to the connecting shaft, and the connecting plate can drive the connecting shaft to slide synchronously along the vertical direction. The tensioning assembly further comprises a tensioning spring, which is arranged obliquely. The tensioning spring is connected to the pedestal and the connecting shaft, and provides a downward and away-from-the-main-shaft direction force for the connecting shaft.

[0013] Further, when the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the connecting plate moves to abut against the pedestal, and the distance between the one end of the connecting rod connected to the sliding plate and the pedestal is greater than the distance between the one end of the connecting rod connected to the connecting plate and the pedestal. The force provided by the connecting rope on the third wheel and the fourth wheel causes the third wheel and the fourth wheel to approach each other, and is converted by the connecting rod into a force that causes the connecting plate to approach the pedestal.

[0014] When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting plate is out of contact with the pedestal, and the distance between the one end of the connecting rod connected to the sliding plate and the pedestal is less than the distance between the one end of the connecting rod connected to the connecting plate and the pedestal. The connecting plate moves along the axial direction of the main shaft and away from the pedestal, so that the transmission mechanism changes from the second state to the first state.

[0015] Further, the variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench further comprises two yielding mechanisms, and the two yielding mechanisms are respectively located on both sides of the main shaft along the first direction. Each yielding mechanism comprises a hinged shaft and two arc-shaped housings, the concave surfaces of the two arc-shaped housings are opposite, and the two ends of the hinged shaft are respectively connected to the middle ball hinges on the inner sides of the two arc-shaped housings. One arc-shaped housing in each yielding mechanism is connected to the first rope, and the other arc-shaped housing is connected to the second rope, which is used to prevent the first rope and the second rope from being entangled with each other.

[0016] Further, an arc groove is formed in the outer side wall of each arc-shaped housing, the arc groove is coaxial with the arc-shaped housing, and the first rope and the second rope are slidingly arranged in the arc groove. A plurality of rotating rods are rotatably arranged in the arc groove, which are used to slidingly contact the first rope and the second rope.

[0017] Further, two limit rods are rotatably arranged at the two ends of each arc groove in the circumferential direction, and the limit rods are arranged along the axial direction of the arc groove. The first rope and the second rope pass through the gap between the limit rods and the arc groove, and the limit rods are used to limit the first rope and the second rope from being taken out of the arc groove.

[0018] Further, the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The motor is fixedly arranged on the pedestal, the driving wheel is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the motor, the driven wheel is fixedly connected with the second wheel, and the belt connects the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0019] Further, the pedestal is provided with a temperature sensor, which monitors the temperature of the two ends of the main shaft and the outer cylinder, so as to judge the running state of the main shaft.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the variable speed main shaft running test bench of the present application, through the first rope and the second rope symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main shaft, the first rope and the second rope apply opposite and equal tension to the main shaft, so that the main shaft is balanced. This design can effectively offset the deflection torque caused by the traditional single side traction, fundamentally solve the problem of local abnormal temperature rise caused by uneven force on the main shaft, not only guarantee the accuracy and effectiveness of the temperature measurement data, but also significantly reduce the potential damage to the main shaft caused by single side force.

[0021] When the outer cylinder diameter is different, the axial height of the main shaft will change. The adjusting mechanism moves the third wheel and the fourth wheel, so that the center of the parallelogram is always on the axis of the main shaft, ensuring that the transmission mechanism can maintain the best relative position under any outer cylinder specification, realizing fast and flexible adaptation, and greatly expanding the universality and application range of the test bench. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of a variable speed main shaft running test bench provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0024] Figure 2 A structure schematic view of a variable speed main shaft running test bench provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 1 An enlarged view of A in the figure.

[0025] Figure 3 A structure schematic view of a variable speed main shaft running test bench provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 2 An enlarged view of B in the figure.

[0026] Figure 4 A structure schematic view of a variable speed main shaft running test bench provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0027] Figure 5 A front view of a variable speed main shaft running test bench provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0028] Figure 6 A structure schematic view of a variable speed main shaft running test bench provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0029] Figure 7 A structure schematic view of a variable speed main shaft running test bench provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 6 An enlarged view of C in the figure.

[0030] Figure 8A variable speed spindle running-in test bench's yield mechanism structure schematic view provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] In the figure: 101, pedestal; 102, lower support block; 103, upper pressing block; 104, motor; 1041, driving wheel; 105, belt; 106, driven wheel; 2011, first sliding groove; 2012, adjusting groove; 202, first wheel; 203, second wheel; 204, third wheel; 205, fourth wheel; 206, sliding plate; 207, connecting rod; 208, connecting plate; 2081, second sliding groove; 209, tension wheel; 2091, connecting rod; 2092, tension spring; 300, spindle; 310, outer cylinder; 400, first rope; 410, second rope; 501, arc-shaped shell; 502, limiting rod; 503, second rotating rod; 504, first rotating rod; 505, hinged shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the figure, the variable speed spindle running-in test bench provided by the embodiment of the present application is used for detecting the spindle 300. The outer side of the spindle 300 is provided with an outer cylinder 310 coaxial with the spindle 300. The variable speed spindle running-in test bench comprises a pedestal 101, a transmission mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a driving mechanism. The outer cylinder 310 is horizontally rotatably arranged on the pedestal 101. The transmission mechanism comprises a connecting rope and first and second transmission assemblies located on both sides of the spindle 300 in a first direction. The first direction is a horizontal direction and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the spindle 300.

[0034] The first transmission assembly comprises first and second wheels 202 and 203 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The second transmission assembly comprises third and fourth wheels 204 and 205 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The axes of the first, second, third and fourth wheels 202, 203, 204 and 205 are arranged along the axial direction of the spindle 300, and are rotatably arranged on the pedestal 101. The third and fourth wheels 204 and 205 can slide up and down. In work, the first, second, third and fourth wheels 202, 203, 204 and 205 form a parallelogram, and the center of the parallelogram is located at the center of the spindle 300.

[0035] The connecting rope comprises a first rope 400 and a second rope 410 connected end to end. The first rope 400 passes over the upper side of the first wheel 202, the lower side of the main shaft 300 and the upper side of the third wheel 204 in sequence, and the second rope 410 passes over the lower side of the second wheel 203, the upper side of the main shaft 300 and the lower side of the fourth wheel 205 in sequence. The first rope 400 and the second rope 410 are symmetrically arranged. The driving mechanism drives the connecting rope to rotate, and in turn drives the main shaft 300 to rotate. The first rope 400 and the second rope 410 provide the main shaft 300 with forces of the same size and opposite directions, so that the main shaft 300 is in force balance. This design can effectively offset the deflection torque caused by traditional single-side traction, and fundamentally solve the problem of local abnormal temperature rise of the main shaft 300 caused by uneven force. Not only does it ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the temperature measurement data, but also significantly reduces the potential damage to the main shaft 300 caused by single-side force.

[0036] When the outer cylinder 310 has different diameters, the distance between the axis of the outer cylinder 310 and the pedestal 101 changes, and since the main shaft 300 and the outer cylinder 310 are coaxially arranged, the height of the axis of the main shaft 300 changes. The adjusting mechanism moves the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 so that the center of the parallelogram is always at the axis of the main shaft 300, to adapt to outer cylinders 310 of different diameters, and has stronger adaptability.

[0037] In this embodiment, the adjusting groove 2012 is formed on the pedestal 101, and in the first direction, the adjusting groove 2012 is located on the side of the third wheel 204 away from the main shaft 300. The adjusting groove 2012 is inclinedly arranged, and gradually moves away from the main shaft 300 in the direction from top to bottom.

[0038] The adjusting mechanism comprises a tensioning assembly, and the tensioning assembly comprises a tensioning wheel 209. The tensioning wheel 209 is slidingly arranged in the adjusting groove 2012 and can rotate around its own axis. The axis of the tensioning wheel 209 is always on the same horizontal line as the center of the line connecting the axes of the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205. The connecting rope is wound around the tensioning wheel 209, and the side of the connecting rope and the tensioning wheel 209 away from the main shaft 300 abuts, so that the connecting rope is kept taut.

[0039] The transmission mechanism has a first state and a second state. When working, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, and the distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is equal to the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203. At this time, under the action of the tensioning wheel 209, the connecting rope is kept taut. When not working, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, and the distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is less than the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203. At this time, the connecting rope is kept relaxed.

[0040] In the embodiment, the first sliding groove 2011 is vertically arranged on the pedestal 101. The adjusting mechanism further comprises a connecting plate 208, two sliding plates 206 and two connecting rods 207. The two sliding plates 206 are sequentially arranged in the up-down direction, each sliding plate 206 is slidingly arranged in the first sliding groove 2011, and the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 are rotatably arranged on the two sliding plates 206 respectively. The connecting plate 208 is between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205. One end of the connecting rod 207 is rotatably connected with the connecting plate 208, and the other end of each connecting rod 207 is rotatably connected with one sliding plate 206. The connecting plate 208 moves along the up-down direction to drive the two sliding plates 206 to synchronously move up and down, and the connecting plate 208 moves along the axial direction of the main shaft 300 to drive the two sliding plates 206 to move close to or away from each other. When the fourth wheel 205 is at the lowermost end of the first sliding groove 2011, the axis of the fourth wheel 205 and the axis of the second wheel 203 are on the same horizontal line.

[0041] In the embodiment, the connecting shaft is rotatably arranged on the tension wheel 209 and coaxial with the tension wheel 209. The second sliding groove 2081 is arranged on the connecting plate 208 and along the first direction. The connecting shaft is slidingly arranged in the second sliding groove 2081 along the first direction and can slide along the axial direction of the connecting shaft relative to the second sliding groove 2081.

[0042] The tensioning assembly further comprises a connecting rod 2091 and a tension spring 2092. The connecting rod 2091 is fixedly arranged on the pedestal 101 and is obliquely arranged, gradually away from the main shaft 300 along the direction from top to bottom. The tension spring 2092 is sleeved on the connecting rod 2091, and the tension spring 2092 connects the pedestal 101 and the connecting shaft to provide a force downward and away from the main shaft 300 for the connecting shaft.

[0043] When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the connecting shaft and the connecting plate 208 are connected. When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting shaft and the connecting plate 208 are disconnected. After the transmission mechanism changes from the second state to the first state, the tension spring 2092 and the connecting rope jointly drive the connecting shaft to slide in the adjusting groove 2012 and then remain stationary.

[0044] In the embodiment, when the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the connecting plate 208 moves to abut against the pedestal 101. At this time, the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 connected with the sliding plate 206 and the pedestal 101 is greater than the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 connected with the connecting plate 208 and the pedestal 101. The force provided by the connecting rope on the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 makes the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 close to each other, and the force is converted by the connecting rod 207 into a force that makes the connecting plate 208 close to the pedestal 101.

[0045] When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting plate 208 is out of contact with the pedestal 101, and the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 connected with the slide plate 206 and the pedestal 101 is smaller than the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 connected with the connecting plate 208 and the pedestal 101. The connecting plate 208 moves along the axial direction of the main shaft 300 and away from the pedestal 101, so that the transmission mechanism changes from the second state to the first state.

[0046] In the embodiment, the variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench further comprises two yielding mechanisms, which are respectively located on the two sides of the main shaft 300 along the first direction. Each yielding mechanism comprises a hinged shaft 505 and two arc-shaped housings 501, the concave surfaces of the two arc-shaped housings 501 are opposite, and the two ends of the hinged shaft 505 are respectively connected with the middle ball hinges of the inner sides of the two arc-shaped housings 501.

[0047] One of the arc-shaped housings 501 in each yielding mechanism is connected with the first rope 400, and the first ropes 400 on the two sides of the arc-shaped housing 501 are in the same straight line. The other arc-shaped housing 501 is connected with the second rope 410, and the second ropes 410 on the two sides of the arc-shaped housing 501 are in the same straight line. The arc-shaped housing 501 prevents the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 from winding each other and avoids friction and wear during rotation. At the same time, the arc-shaped housing 501 makes the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 in contact with the main shaft 300 located on the same circle, so that the main shaft 300 is balanced and uniformly stressed.

[0048] In the embodiment, an arc groove is formed on the outer side wall of each arc-shaped housing 501, the arc groove is coaxial with the arc-shaped housing 501, and the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 are slidingly arranged in the arc groove. A plurality of rotating rods are rotationally arranged in the arc groove and are used for sliding contact with the first rope 400 and the second rope 410.

[0049] The plurality of rotating rods comprise a plurality of first rotating rods 504 and a plurality of second rotating rods 503. The first rotating rods 504 are rotationally arranged on the side wall along the radial direction of the arc groove, each first rotating rod 504 is arranged along the axial direction of the arc groove, and the plurality of first rotating rods 504 are sequentially distributed along the circumferential direction of the arc groove. The second rotating rods 503 are rotationally arranged on the two side walls along the axial direction of the arc groove, each second rotating rod 503 is arranged along the radial direction of the arc groove, and the plurality of second rotating rods 503 are sequentially distributed along the circumferential direction of the arc groove. The first rotating rods 504 and the second rotating rods 503 are in sliding contact with the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 to avoid wear of the first rope 400, the second rope 410 and the arc-shaped housing 501.

[0050] In the embodiment, a limiting rod 502 is rotationally arranged at each end in the circumferential direction of the arc groove, and the limiting rod 502 is arranged along the axial direction of the arc groove. The first rope 400 and the second rope 410 pass through the gap between the limiting rod 502 and the arc groove, and the limiting rod 502 is used for limiting the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 from being taken out of the arc groove.

[0051] In the embodiment, the driving mechanism comprises the motor 104, the belt 105, the driving wheel 1041 and the driven wheel 106. The motor 104 is fixedly arranged on the pedestal 101, and the output shaft of the motor 104 is arranged along the first direction. The driving wheel 1041 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the motor 104, the driven wheel 106 is fixedly connected with the second wheel 203, and the belt 105 connects the driving wheel 1041 and the driven wheel 106.

[0052] The motor 104 is started, the motor 104 drives the belt 105 to rotate through the driving wheel 1041, the belt 105 drives the second wheel 203 to rotate through the driven wheel 106. The second wheel 203 drives the connecting rope to rotate when rotating, and the connecting rope drives the main shaft 300 to rotate.

[0053] In the embodiment, two supporting mechanisms are arranged on the pedestal 101, and the two supporting mechanisms are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the main shaft 300. Each supporting mechanism comprises a lower supporting block 102 and an upper pressing block 103 which can slide up and down. The main shaft 300 is rotationally arranged between the lower supporting block 102 and the upper pressing block 103, and the lower supporting block 102 and the upper pressing block 103 are used for limiting the main shaft 300. The pedestal 101 is further provided with a temperature sensor, which monitors the temperature of both ends of the main shaft 300 and the outer cylinder 310, so as to judge the running state of the main shaft 300.

[0054] Working process: in the initial state, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting plate 208 is out of contact with the pedestal 101, and the distance between the one end of the connecting rod 207 connected with the sliding plate 206 and the pedestal 101 is smaller than the distance between the one end of the connecting rod 207 connected with the connecting plate 208 and the pedestal 101. The fourth wheel 205 is located at the lowermost end of the first sliding groove 2011. The distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is smaller than the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, and the connecting rope is in a relaxed state. The tensioning wheel 209 is located at the lowermost end of the adjusting groove 2012 under the action of the tensioning spring 2092.

[0055] Place the outer cylinder 310 on the lower supporting block 102, and then move the upper pressing block 103 downward, so that the upper pressing block 103 and the lower supporting block 102 jointly limit the outer cylinder 310.

[0056] Then, the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 are sleeved on the main shaft 300. The first rope 400 passes the upper side of the first wheel 202, the lower side of the main shaft 300 and the upper side of the third wheel 204 in sequence, and the second rope 410 passes the lower side of the second wheel 203, the upper side of the main shaft 300 and the lower side of the fourth wheel 205 in sequence. The first rope 400 and the second rope 410 generate forces of the same size and opposite directions on the main shaft 300. And under the action of the plurality of arc-shaped housings 501, the first rope 400 in contact with the main shaft 300 and the second rope 410 in contact with the main shaft 300 are constrained on the same circumference, thereby ensuring that the main shaft 300 is uniformly stressed. At the same time, the arc-shaped housings 501 can prevent the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 from being entangled with each other, and reduce the wear caused by their relative sliding.

[0057] Then, the connecting plate 208 is pressed to move along the axial direction of the main shaft 300 and towards the base 101. Through the transmission of the two connecting rods 207, the two sliding plates 206 move away from each other and drive the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 to move, respectively.

[0058] Since the fourth wheel 205 is initially located at the lowermost end of the first sliding groove 2011, when the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 move away from each other, the connecting plate 208 is pushed upward by the connecting rod 207. In this process, the second sliding groove 2081 on the connecting plate 208 first contacts and establishes a sliding connection with the connecting shaft, and then pushes the connecting shaft to slide upward along the adjusting groove 2012. After the connecting shaft and the connecting plate 208 are connected, under the action of the two connecting rods 207, the center of the axis of the connecting shaft and the center line of the connecting rods 207 are always on the same horizontal line. Finally, the connecting plate 208 abuts against the base 101, and at this time, the distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is the same as the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, and the transmission mechanism is in the first state.

[0059] When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the connecting rope provides a force to the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 to make them approach each other, and this force is converted by the connecting rod 207 into a force to make the connecting plate 208 approach the base 101, thereby making the connecting plate 208 and the base 101 tightly abut. This pushing force ensures that the connecting plate 208 and the base 101 are tightly abutted, and at the same time, since the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 cannot further approach or move away from each other at this time, the tension of the connecting rope is stably maintained, thereby realizing reliable limiting of the connecting plate 208 in the horizontal direction, and further making the second sliding groove 2081 on the connecting plate 208 and the connecting shaft unable to actively disengage.

[0060] During the process of the connecting plate 208 pushing the connecting shaft to slide upward along the adjusting groove 2012, the tension spring 2092 exerts a force on the connecting shaft downward and away from the spindle 300, while the connecting rope exerts a force on the connecting shaft toward the spindle 300.

[0061] When the center of the line connecting the shaft centers of the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203 is on the same horizontal line as the shaft center of the spindle 300, the fourth wheel 205 remains stationary, while the third wheel 204 moves upward. Until the distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is the same as the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, the center of the line connecting the shaft centers of the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, the center of the line connecting the shaft centers of the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205, and the shaft center of the spindle 300 are on the same horizontal line, at which time the connecting rope is taut, the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 exert the same force on the spindle 300, preventing uneven heating due to unilateral force on the spindle 300 and affecting the measurement results.

[0062] Furthermore, when the connecting rope is taut, the tension of the connecting rope and the elastic force of the tension spring 2092 balance each other, thereby locking the connecting shaft at a fixed position within the adjusting groove 2012. Since the connecting shaft is within the second sliding groove 2081 of the connecting plate 208, the connecting shaft effectively limits the connecting plate 208 in the vertical direction.

[0063] When the diameters of the outer cylinder 310 are different, the shaft center height of the spindle 300 changes accordingly. Define: the sum of the rope lengths between the spindle 300 and the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203 as L1. The sum of the rope lengths between the spindle 300 and the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 as L2. The sum of the rope lengths between the spindle 300 and the tension wheel 209 as L3. When the shaft center of the spindle 300 is on the same level as the center of the line connecting the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203 (the first wheel 202, the second wheel 203, the third wheel 204, and the fourth wheel 205 form a rectangle), L1 = L2.

[0064] If the shaft center of the spindle 300 is raised, L1 remains essentially unchanged, L2 increases, resulting in a decrease in L3. The change in the tension of the connecting rope will cause the connecting shaft to move upward, and under the combined action of the tension spring 2092 and the tension of the connecting rope, the connecting shaft reaches a new equilibrium position within the adjusting groove 2012, and adjusts the positions of the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 through the connecting plate 208 and the sliding plate 206, ultimately causing the center of the line connecting the shaft centers of the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, the center of the line connecting the shaft centers of the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205, and the shaft center of the spindle 300 to be collinear again, ensuring that the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 exert the same force on the spindle 300. The higher the shaft center of the spindle 300, the greater the upward movement of the connecting shaft, thereby achieving automatic adaptation to outer cylinders 310 of different diameters.

[0065] The starting motor 104 drives the belt 105 through the driving wheel 1041, and the belt 105 drives the second wheel 203 through the driven wheel 106. When the second wheel 203 rotates, the connecting rope rotates, and the connecting rope drives the spindle 300 to rotate. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the two ends of the spindle 300 and the outer cylinder 310, thereby judging the running state of the spindle 300.

[0066] When the spindle 300 needs to be disassembled, the connecting plate 208 is pulled to move along the axial direction of the spindle 300 and move away from the base 101. Through the transmission of the connecting rod 207, the two sliding plates 206 move close to each other, drive the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 to move, and make the connecting rope loose, so that the spindle 300 can be easily removed. The whole process is simple to operate and has automatic adjustment function, which effectively improves the work efficiency.

[0067] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A variable speed spindle running-in test bench for testing spindles, wherein an outer cylinder coaxial with the spindle is provided on the outside of the spindle, characterized in that: It includes a base, a transmission mechanism, an adjustment mechanism, and a drive mechanism; the outer cylinder is rotatably mounted on the base; the transmission mechanism includes a connecting rope and a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly located on both sides of the main shaft in a first direction, the first direction being horizontal and perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft; The first transmission assembly includes a first wheel and a second wheel arranged vertically; the second transmission assembly includes a third wheel and a fourth wheel arranged vertically; the axes of the first wheel, the second wheel, the third wheel and the fourth wheel are all arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft and are all rotatably mounted on the base; the third wheel and the fourth wheel can slide vertically; during operation, the first wheel, the second wheel, the third wheel and the fourth wheel form a parallelogram. The connecting rope includes a first rope and a second rope connected end to end; the first rope passes sequentially over the upper side of the first wheel, the lower side of the main shaft, and the upper side of the third wheel, while the second rope passes sequentially over the lower side of the second wheel, the upper side of the main shaft, and the lower side of the fourth wheel; the drive mechanism drives the connecting rope to rotate, which in turn drives the main shaft to rotate; the first rope and the second rope provide opposite forces of the same magnitude to the main shaft, so that the main shaft is balanced by force; the adjustment mechanism moves the third wheel and the fourth wheel to ensure that the center of the parallelogram is always at the axis of the main shaft.

2. The variable speed spindle running-in test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustment groove is provided on the base, and along the first direction, the adjustment groove is located on the side of the third wheel away from the main shaft; the adjustment groove is inclined; the adjustment mechanism includes a tensioning component, and the tensioning component includes a tensioning wheel; the tensioning wheel is slidably disposed in the adjustment groove and can rotate; the axis of the tensioning wheel is on the same horizontal line as the center of the line connecting the axes of the third wheel and the fourth wheel; the connecting rope is wound around the tensioning wheel to keep the connecting rope taut; The transmission mechanism has a first state and a second state. When working, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, and the distance between the third and fourth wheels is equal to the distance between the first and second wheels. At this time, the connecting rope remains taut under the action of the tensioning wheel. When not working, it is in the second state, and the distance between the third and fourth wheels is less than the distance between the first and second wheels. At this time, the connecting rope remains slack.

3. The variable speed spindle running-in test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism also includes a connecting plate, two sliding plates, and two connecting rods; the two sliding plates are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction, and each sliding plate is slidably mounted on the base. The third and fourth wheels are rotatably mounted on the two sliding plates respectively; the connecting plate is located between the third and fourth wheels, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the connecting plate, and the other end of each connecting rod is rotatably connected to a sliding plate; the connecting plate moves in the vertical direction, causing the two sliding plates to move up and down synchronously, and the connecting plate moves along the axial direction of the main shaft, causing the two sliding plates to move closer to each other or further away from each other.

4. The variable speed spindle break-in test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tensioning wheel is provided with a connecting shaft coaxial with the tensioning wheel; the connecting shaft and the connecting plate are in sliding connection, the connecting plate can slide along the first direction relative to the connecting shaft, and can also slide along the axial direction of the connecting shaft relative to the connecting shaft, and the connecting plate can drive the connecting shaft to slide synchronously along the vertical direction; the tensioning assembly further comprises a tensioning spring, and the tensioning spring is arranged in an inclined mode; the tensioning spring is connected to the pedestal and the connecting shaft, and provides a downward force and a force away from the main shaft direction for the connecting shaft.

5. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 3, wherein: when the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the connecting plate moves to abut against the pedestal, the distance between the end of the connecting rod connected with the sliding plate and the pedestal is greater than the distance between the end of the connecting rod connected with the connecting plate and the pedestal; the connecting rope provides a force to the third wheel and the fourth wheel to make the third wheel and the fourth wheel approach each other, and the force is converted by the connecting rod into a force to make the connecting plate approach the pedestal; when the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting plate is out of contact with the pedestal, the distance between the end of the connecting rod connected with the sliding plate and the pedestal is less than the distance between the end of the connecting rod connected with the connecting plate and the pedestal; the connecting plate moves along the axial direction of the main shaft and away from the pedestal, so that the transmission mechanism is converted from the second state to the first state.

6. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 1, wherein: further comprising two giving-up mechanisms, the two giving-up mechanisms are respectively located on the two sides of the main shaft along the first direction; each giving-up mechanism comprises a hinged shaft and two arc-shaped housings, the concave surfaces of the two arc-shaped housings are opposite, and the two ends of the hinged shaft are respectively connected with the middle ball hinges of the two arc-shaped housings; one arc-shaped housing in each giving-up mechanism is connected with the first rope, and the other arc-shaped housing is connected with the second rope, for preventing the first rope and the second rope from being entangled with each other.

7. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 6, wherein: an arc slot is formed on the outer side wall of each arc-shaped housing, the arc slot is coaxial with the arc-shaped housing, and the first rope and the second rope are slidingly arranged in the arc slot; a plurality of rotating rods are rotatably arranged in the arc slot, for slidingly contacting the first rope and the second rope.

8. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 7, wherein: limiting rods are rotatably arranged at the two ends of each arc slot in the circumferential direction, and the limiting rods are arranged along the axial direction of the arc slot; the first rope and the second rope pass through the gap between the limiting rods and the arc slot, and the limiting rods are used for limiting the first rope and the second rope from being taken out of the arc slot.

9. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel; the motor is fixedly arranged on the pedestal, the driving wheel is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the motor, the driven wheel is fixedly connected with the second wheel, and the belt connects the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

10. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 1, wherein: a temperature sensor is arranged on the pedestal, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the two ends of the main shaft and the outer cylinder, so as to judge the running state of the main shaft.

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