Gas sensor, gas monitoring device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas sensor, a gas monitoring device and a vehicle. The gas sensor comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a first electrolyte layer, a first diffusion barrier structure, a detection cavity and a second electrolyte layer. The first electrode and the second electrode are located on the two sides of the first electrolyte layer in the first direction respectively, the second electrolyte layer is located on the side, close to the second electrode, of the first electrolyte layer, and the detection cavity and the first diffusion barrier structure are located between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer. And the second electrode is connected with the detection cavity. Wherein the detection cavity is provided with at least three air inlets, the first diffusion barrier structure is provided with at least three air inlet paths, and the at least three air inlet paths are communicated with the at least three air inlets in a one-to-one correspondence mode. Compared with the prior art, the air inlet path of the first diffusion barrier structure is added, and therefore blocking of the air inlet path can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic technology, and more particularly to a gas sensor, a gas monitoring device, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] An oxygen sensor uses a ceramic sensing element to measure the oxygen concentration in a car's exhaust pipe and converts the oxygen concentration signal into an electrical signal, which is then fed back to the engine control unit (ECU) to monitor and control the air-fuel ratio. This ensures complete fuel combustion and reduces emissions of toxic and harmful substances. Based on the oxygen concentration signal from the oxygen sensor, the ECU controls the fuel injection and air intake accordingly, ensuring the engine operates at the optimal air-fuel ratio. This creates ideal conditions for the exhaust gas treatment by the three-way catalytic converter. If the fuel is too rich, the fuel quantity is reduced and the air intake is increased; if the fuel is too lean, the fuel quantity is increased and the air intake is reduced.

[0003] Exhaust gas from a car's exhaust pipe enters the detection chamber through a diffusion barrier structure. Electrodes connected to the detection chamber can then detect the oxygen content in the exhaust gas. However, in existing technologies, the gas path entering through the diffusion barrier structure is less than two. Because car exhaust contains unburned gasoline and particulate impurities, this can easily cause blockage of the gas path, preventing the exhaust gas from smoothly passing through the diffusion barrier structure and entering the detection chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a gas sensor, a gas monitoring device, and a vehicle, which aim to increase the air intake path of the first diffusion barrier structure and reduce path blockage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a gas sensor is provided, comprising:

[0006] The system comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a first electrolyte layer, a first diffusion barrier structure, a detection cavity, and a second electrolyte layer. The first electrode and the second electrode are located on opposite sides of the first electrolyte layer along a first direction. The second electrolyte layer is located on the side of the first electrolyte layer closer to the second electrode. The detection cavity and the first diffusion barrier structure are located between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer. The second electrode is connected to the detection cavity. The first direction is the stacking direction of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer.

[0007] The detection cavity has at least three air inlets, and the first diffusion barrier structure has at least three air intake paths, with each of the at least three air intake paths corresponding to and connected to one of the at least three air inlets.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second electrode includes at least three contact portions, which are connected one-to-one with the at least three air intake paths.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first diffusion barrier structure has three air intake paths, the detection cavity has three air inlets, and the second electrode has three contact portions.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first diffusion barrier structure is T-shaped in top view along the first direction, and the three branches of the T-shape are the three air intake paths.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second electrode includes a detection portion and a lead portion, the lead portion extending along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction;

[0012] The detection unit includes a first sub-detection unit, a second sub-detection unit, and a third sub-detection unit that are interconnected. The first sub-detection unit and the second sub-detection unit are arranged opposite to each other, and the third sub-detection unit is located between the first sub-detection unit and the second sub-detection unit.

[0013] The first end of the first sub-detection unit, the first end of the second sub-detection unit, and the first end of the third sub-detection unit are connected to the three air intake paths in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first sub-detection unit and the second sub-detection unit are disposed opposite to each other along the second direction, and the second end of the first sub-detection unit is connected to the second end of the second sub-detection unit;

[0015] The detection unit further includes a fourth sub-detection unit, which is connected between the first sub-detection unit and the second sub-detection unit along the second direction, and is connected to the second end of the third sub-detection unit.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first sub-detection unit and the second sub-detection unit are disposed opposite each other along a third direction, the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction;

[0017] The second end of the first sub-detection section, the second end of the second sub-detection section, and the second end of the third sub-detection section are all connected to the same end of the lead section.

[0018] In some embodiments, a second diffusion barrier structure connected to the detection cavity is further included, the second diffusion barrier structure having three air inlet paths;

[0019] The detection chamber has six air inlets, and each of the six air inlets is connected to one of the six air intake paths.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first sub-detection unit and the second sub-detection unit are disposed opposite to each other along the second direction;

[0021] The three air intake paths of the second diffusion barrier structure are connected one-to-one with the second end of the first sub-detection unit, the second end of the second sub-detection unit, and the second end of the third sub-detection unit.

[0022] In some embodiments, the detection unit further includes a fourth sub-detection unit, which is connected between the first sub-detection unit and the second sub-detection unit and passes through the third sub-detection unit.

[0023] In some embodiments, the second electrode includes a detection portion and a lead portion, wherein the orthographic projection of the detection portion on the first electrolyte layer at least partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the detection cavity on the first electrolyte layer.

[0024] In some embodiments, the system further includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode, and a standard gas channel. The third electrode is located between the detection chamber and the second electrolyte layer. The fourth electrode is located on the side of the second electrolyte layer away from the third electrode. The standard gas channel is located on the side of the fourth electrode away from the second electrolyte layer and is connected to the fourth electrode.

[0025] In some embodiments, the second electrode includes a detection portion and a lead portion, and the edge of the third electrode is connected to the edge of the detection portion.

[0026] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the detection cavity onto the first electrolyte layer is within the range of the orthographic projection of the third electrode onto the first electrolyte layer.

[0027] In some embodiments, the dimension of the first diffusion barrier structure along the first direction is greater than or equal to the sum of the dimensions of the detection cavity, the third electrode, and the second electrode along the first direction.

[0028] In some embodiments, the distance between the first end of the first sub-detection unit and the first end of the second sub-detection unit is a first spacing, the distance between the second end of the first sub-detection unit and the second end of the second sub-detection unit is a second spacing, and the ratio of the first spacing to the second spacing is 0.8 to 1.2.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first spacing is 2 to 4 times the size of the fourth sub-detection unit along a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

[0030] In some embodiments, the distance between the first end of the fourth sub-detection unit and the second end of the third sub-detection unit is a third spacing, which is 2 to 3 times the size of the third sub-detection unit along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first diffusion barrier structure includes a first air intake path, a second air intake path, and a third air intake path. The first air intake path has a first overlapping portion with a first end of the first sub-detection unit along the second direction. The second air intake path has a second overlapping portion with a first end of the second sub-detection unit along the second direction. The third air intake path has a third overlapping portion with a first end of the third sub-detection unit along a third direction, which is perpendicular to both the first and second directions.

[0032] In some embodiments, the dimension of the first overlapping portion along the second direction is 0.3 to 0.7 times the dimension of the fourth sub-detection portion along the third direction, the dimension of the second overlapping portion along the second direction is 0.3 to 0.7 times the dimension of the fourth sub-detection portion along the third direction, and the dimension of the third overlapping portion along the third direction is 0.3 to 0.7 times the dimension of the fourth sub-detection portion along the third direction.

[0033] In some embodiments, the device further includes a heating electrode, an insulating layer surrounding the heating electrode, and a third electrolyte layer surrounding the insulating layer, the third electrolyte layer being located on the side of the second electrolyte layer away from the first electrolyte layer.

[0034] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0035] The third electrolyte layer is located on one side of the second electrolyte layer;

[0036] A first insulating layer is located between the third electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer;

[0037] A first heterogeneous bonding layer is located between the first insulating layer and the third electrolyte layer, and the first heterogeneous bonding layer includes a first bonding portion and a second bonding portion connected in the same layer. The first bonding portion is made of the same material as the first insulating layer, and the second bonding portion is made of the same material as the third electrolyte layer.

[0038] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first joint is disposed around at least a portion of the second joint, and / or at least a portion of the second joint is disposed around at least a portion of the first joint.

[0039] In some embodiments, the first joint includes a first connecting portion and at least two first intersecting portions, the first connecting portion connecting the at least two first intersecting portions; the second joint includes a second connecting portion and at least two second intersecting portions, the second intersecting portions connecting the at least two second intersecting portions.

[0040] Two adjacent first intersections and two adjacent first connecting parts are arranged around one second intersection, and two adjacent second intersections and two adjacent second connecting parts are arranged around one first intersection.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first intersection has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the first connecting portion and the second end being connected to the second connecting portion;

[0042] The second intersection has a third end and a fourth end, the third end being connected to the second connecting part, and the fourth end being connected to the first connecting part.

[0043] In some embodiments, the third electrolyte layer extends along a first direction, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are disposed opposite each other in a second direction and both extend along the first direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction;

[0044] The first intersection and the second intersection are alternately arranged along the first direction and both extend along the second direction.

[0045] In some embodiments, the third electrolyte layer extends along a first direction, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are disposed opposite to each other in the first direction and both extend along a second direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction;

[0046] The first intersection and the second intersection are alternately arranged along the second direction and both extend along the first direction.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first joint portion includes a plurality of first sub-joint portions, and the second joint portion includes a plurality of second sub-joint portions, with the plurality of first sub-joint portions and the plurality of second sub-joint portions alternately arranged around each other.

[0048] In some embodiments, the top view of the second sub-junction and / or the first sub-junction along a third direction is a U-shape, where the third direction is the stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer and the first insulating layer.

[0049] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0050] A first reinforcing layer is located between the first heterogeneous bonding layer and the third electrolyte layer, and the first reinforcing layer and the third electrolyte layer are made of the same material.

[0051] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first reinforcing layer along a third direction is less than the thickness of the third electrolyte layer in that third direction, where the third direction is the stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer and the first insulating layer.

[0052] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first reinforcing layer in the third direction is 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers.

[0053] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first heterogeneous bonding layer along a third direction is less than the thickness of the third electrolyte layer in that third direction, where the third direction is the stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer and the first insulating layer.

[0054] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first heterogeneous bonding layer in the third direction is 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers.

[0055] In some embodiments, the thickness of the third electrolyte layer in the third direction is 150 micrometers to 300 micrometers.

[0056] In some embodiments, the material of the third electrolyte layer includes zirconium oxide and additives, the additives including yttrium oxide, cerium oxide, or calcium oxide.

[0057] In some embodiments, the additive content in the third electrolyte layer is 5 mol% to 10 mol%.

[0058] In some embodiments, the top view area of ​​the first bonding portion along a third direction is 20% to 80% of the top view area of ​​the first heterogeneous bonding layer in that third direction, where the third direction is the stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer and the first insulating layer.

[0059] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0060] The heating electrode is located on the side of the first insulating layer away from the first heterogeneous bonding layer;

[0061] The second insulating layer is located on the side of the heating electrode away from the first insulating layer;

[0062] The second heterogeneous bonding layer is located between the second insulating layer and the first electrolyte layer. The second heterogeneous bonding layer includes a third bonding portion and a fourth bonding portion connected in the same layer. The third bonding portion is made of the same material as the second insulating layer, and the fourth bonding portion is made of the same material as the first electrolyte layer.

[0063] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0064] The second reinforcing layer is located between the second heterogeneous bonding layer and the second electrolyte layer, and the second reinforcing layer and the second electrolyte layer are made of the same material.

[0065] In some embodiments, a heating electrode is further included, the heating electrode being located on the side of the second electrolyte layer away from the first electrolyte layer;

[0066] The heating electrode extends along a first direction and includes a heating section, a buffer section, and a lead section arranged along the first direction. The buffer section is located between the heating section and the lead section, and the total resistance of the buffer section is less than the total resistance of the heating section but greater than the total resistance of the lead section.

[0067] In some embodiments, the total resistance of the heating portion is 55% to 65% of the total resistance of the heating electrode, the total resistance of the buffer portion is 15% to 30% of the total resistance of the heating electrode, and the total resistance of the lead portion is 15% to 30% of the total resistance of the heating electrode.

[0068] In some embodiments, the temperature of the heating part is 400°C to 800°C, the temperature of the buffer part is 200°C to 800°C, and the temperature of the lead part is less than 200°C.

[0069] In some embodiments, the lead portion includes a first sub-lead portion and a second sub-lead portion disposed opposite to each other in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the surface of the detection unit;

[0070] The buffer section includes a first sub-buffer section connected to the first sub-lead section and a second sub-buffer section connected to the second sub-lead section;

[0071] The heating section includes a first end connected to the first sub-buffer section and a second end connected to the second sub-buffer section;

[0072] The size of the first sub-buffer portion gradually increases from the first end to the first sub-lead portion along the second direction, and the size of the second sub-buffer portion gradually increases from the second end to the second sub-lead portion along the second direction.

[0073] In some embodiments, the minimum dimension of the first sub-buffer portion along the second direction is greater than or equal to the dimension of the first end along the second direction;

[0074] The maximum dimension of the first sub-buffer portion along the second direction is less than or equal to the dimension of the first sub-lead portion along the second direction.

[0075] In some embodiments, the heating electrode further includes a transition portion, the transition portion including a first sub-transition portion connected between the first sub-buffer portion and the first sub-lead portion, and a second sub-transition portion connected between the second sub-buffer portion and the second sub-lead portion;

[0076] The size of the first sub-transition portion gradually increases along the second direction from the first sub-buffer portion to the first sub-lead portion, and the size of the second sub-transition portion gradually increases along the second direction from the second sub-buffer portion to the second sub-lead portion.

[0077] In some embodiments, the dimension of the lead portion along the first direction is greater than the dimension of the heating portion along the first direction, and the dimension of the lead portion along the first direction is greater than the dimension of the buffer portion along the first direction.

[0078] In some embodiments, the resistivity of the buffer portion is greater than the resistivity of the lead portion.

[0079] In some embodiments, the heating part further includes a plurality of sub-heating parts disposed along the first direction, and the plurality of sub-heating parts are connected in series.

[0080] The dimension of the heating part along the first direction is greater than or equal to the dimension of the buffer part along the first direction.

[0081] In some embodiments, the resistivity of the buffer portion is less than or equal to the resistivity of the heating portion.

[0082] In some embodiments, the resistivity of the heating part is 35 μΩ·cm to 50 μΩ·cm, and the resistivity of the buffer part is 10 μΩ·cm to 25 μΩ·cm.

[0083] In some embodiments, the dimension of the buffer portion along the first direction is 50% to 100% of the dimension of the heating portion along the first direction.

[0084] In some embodiments, the heating electrode has a symmetry axis extending along the first direction, and the first sub-buffer portion and the second sub-buffer portion are symmetrical about the symmetry axis;

[0085] The first sub-buffer portion has a first outer side surface away from the second sub-buffer portion, and the heating portion has a second outer side surface connected to the first outer side surface, and the first outer side surface and the second outer side surface extend in the first direction, or the first outer side surface is located on the side of the second outer side surface closer to the second sub-buffer portion.

[0086] In some embodiments, the first sub-buffer portion has an inner side surface near the second sub-buffer portion, the inner side surface being a flat surface or a stepped surface.

[0087] According to a second aspect of this application, a gas monitoring device is provided, including the gas sensor in any of the above embodiments.

[0088] According to a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided that includes the aforementioned gas monitoring device.

[0089] This application provides a gas sensor, a gas monitoring device, and a vehicle. The gas sensor includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first electrolyte layer, a first diffusion barrier structure, a detection chamber, and a second electrolyte layer. The first electrode and the second electrode are respectively located on opposite sides of the first electrolyte layer along a first direction. The second electrolyte layer is located on the side of the first electrolyte layer closer to the second electrode. The detection chamber and the first diffusion barrier structure are located between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer. The second electrode is connected to the detection chamber. The detection chamber has at least three air inlets, and the first diffusion barrier structure has at least three air intake paths, each corresponding to one of the at least three air inlets. Therefore, this application increases the number of air intake paths in the first diffusion barrier structure compared to the prior art, thereby reducing the blockage of the air intake paths. Attached Figure Description

[0090] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0091] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0092] Figure 1 These are exploded structural diagrams of gas sensors provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0093] Figure 2 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the first diffusion barrier structure and the second electrode.

[0094] Figure 3 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the detection cavity and the first diffusion barrier structure;

[0095] Figure 4 Some embodiments of this application provide that in Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gas sensor at point A-A1;

[0096] Figure 5 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the second electrode in the middle;

[0097] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second electrode and the first diffusion barrier structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0098] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second electrode and the first diffusion barrier structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0099] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a gas sensor provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0100] Figure 9 Some embodiments provided in this application Figure 8 Exploded view of the gas sensor in the image;

[0101] Figure 10 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first heterogeneous bonding layer at position A;

[0102] Figure 11 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the first insulating layer, the first heterogeneous bonding layer and the first reinforcing layer along the first direction and the third direction;

[0103] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a gas sensor provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0104] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first joint and the second joint provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0105] Figure 14 This is a top view schematic diagram of the heating electrode provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0106] Figure 15 This is a top view schematic diagram of the heating electrode provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0107] Figure 16 This is a top view schematic diagram of the heating electrode provided in some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0108] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0109] Please see Figure 1-4 , Figure 1 These are exploded structural diagrams of gas sensors provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 2 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the first diffusion barrier structure and the second electrode. Figure 3 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the detection cavity and the first diffusion barrier structure. Figure 4 Some embodiments of this application provide that in Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gas sensor at point A-A1.

[0110] The gas sensor 100 includes a first electrode 1, a second electrode 2, a first electrolyte layer 3, a first diffusion barrier structure 41, a detection chamber 5, and a second electrolyte layer 6. The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are located on opposite sides of the first electrolyte layer 3 along a first direction Z. The second electrolyte layer 6 is located on the side of the first electrolyte layer 3 closer to the second electrode 2. The detection chamber 5 and the first diffusion barrier structure 41 are located between the first electrolyte layer 3 and the second electrolyte layer 6. The second electrode 2 is connected to the detection chamber 5. The detection chamber 5 has at least three air inlets 5Q, and the first diffusion barrier structure 41 has at least three air inlet paths 41Q, each corresponding to one of the at least three air inlets 5Q. Therefore, this application increases the air inlet paths 41Q of the first diffusion barrier structure 41 compared to the prior art, thereby reducing the blockage of the air inlet paths 41Q.

[0111] like Figure 4 As shown, ambient gases (such as vehicle exhaust) can reach the detection chamber 5 via the first diffusion barrier structure 41. The second electrode 2 is connected to the detection chamber 5 to detect the oxygen content in the vehicle exhaust and compare it with a standard gas. If the oxygen content does not meet the critical value requirement, the engine control element will apply a pumping current through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2. Since the first electrolyte layer 3 is an ion conductor, the first electrode 1, the first electrolyte layer 3, and the second electrode 2 form a current path, which can pump oxygen into or out of the detection chamber 5 to keep the engine running at the optimal air-fuel ratio.

[0112] It should be noted that the connection point between the detection cavity 5 and the first diffusion barrier structure 41 is the air inlet 5Q of the detection cavity 5, and the path from the outside of the first diffusion barrier structure 41 to the connection point is the air inlet path 41Q of the first diffusion barrier structure 41. One air inlet path 41Q corresponds to one air inlet 5Q. The specific structure of the first diffusion barrier structure 41 can be designed according to the number of air inlet paths 41Q, and the shape of the detection cavity 5 can be set accordingly.

[0113] It is understandable that, in principle, the oxygen content in the detection cavity 5 can be measured simply by connecting the second electrode 2 to the detection cavity 5. Considering the effectiveness of the electrode measurement, the shape of the second electrode 2 can be partially configured to correspond to the shape of the detection cavity 5. The second electrode 2 may include a detection section 21 and a lead section 22, with the lead section 22 extending along the second direction Y. That is, the shape of the detection section 21 can be configured to correspond to the shape of the detection cavity 5. For example, the detection section 21 can be arranged to surround the detection cavity 5, thereby increasing the contact area between the detection section 21 and the detection cavity 5.

[0114] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the detection unit 21 onto the first electrolyte layer 3 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the detection cavity 5 onto the first electrolyte layer 3.

[0115] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the orthographic projection of the detection unit 21 onto the first electrolyte layer 3 completely coincides with the orthographic projection of the detection cavity 5 onto the first electrolyte layer 3. The first direction Z is the stacking direction of the first electrolyte layer 3 and the second electrolyte layer 6. That is, the detection unit 21 and the detection cavity 5 have the same shape and completely overlap in the first direction Z. In this way, the lower surface of the detection unit 21 (in the illustrated direction) is in contact with the detection cavity 5, which maximizes the effective detection area of ​​the detection unit 21.

[0116] It is understandable that, since the detection cavity 5 and the detection section 21 overlap, the connection relationship between the detection cavity 5 and the first diffusion barrier structure 41 can be understood from the connection relationship between the detection section 21 and the first diffusion barrier structure 41 described below. The difference is that the detection cavity 5 and the detection section 21 are stacked in the first direction Z, that is, the detection cavity 5 and the detection section 21 are respectively connected to different positions of the first diffusion barrier structure 41 in the first direction Z. Specifically, the detection cavity 5 is located between the detection section 21 and the second electrolyte layer 6.

[0117] like Figure 2 As shown, the second electrode 2 corresponds to the structure of the detection cavity 5. The second electrode 2 includes at least three contact portions 2Q, and the at least three contact portions 2Q are connected to the at least three air intake paths 41Q in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first diffusion barrier structure 41 has three air intake paths 41Q, the detection cavity 5 has three air inlets 5Q, and the second electrode 2 has three contact portions 2Q.

[0119] For a specific example, the top view of the first diffusion barrier structure 41 along the first direction Z is T-shaped, and the three branches of the T-shape are the three air intake paths 41Q.

[0120] Please combine Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the second electrode.

[0121] The specific structure of the second electrode 2 corresponds to the design of the T-shaped first diffusion barrier structure 41. The detection unit 21 includes a first sub-detection unit 211, a second sub-detection unit 212, and a third sub-detection unit 213 that are interconnected. The first sub-detection unit 211 and the second sub-detection unit 212 are arranged opposite to each other, and the third sub-detection unit 213 is located between the first sub-detection unit 211 and the second sub-detection unit 212. The first end 211a of the first sub-detection unit 211, the first end 212a of the second sub-detection unit 212, and the first end 213a of the third sub-detection unit 213 are connected to the three air intake paths 41Q in a one-to-one correspondence. That is, the first end 211a of the first sub-detection unit 211 is connected to one branch, the first end 212a of the second sub-detection unit 212 is connected to another branch, and the first end 213a of the third sub-detection unit 213 is connected to the remaining branch.

[0122] In some embodiments, the gas sensor 100 may further include a second diffusion barrier structure 42 having at least one air intake path 42Q, such as one or two air intake paths 42Q, so that the first diffusion barrier structure 41 and the second diffusion barrier structure 42 have a total of at least four air intake paths. Increasing the number of air intake paths can further reduce the blockage of the air intake paths.

[0123] In some examples, the second diffusion barrier structure 42 has three air inlet paths 42Q, so the first diffusion barrier structure 41 and the second diffusion barrier structure 42 have a total of six air inlet paths. The detection cavity 5 has six air inlets 5Q, and the six air inlets 5Q are connected one-to-one with the six air inlet paths, effectively reducing the risk of the second electrode 2 failing due to poisoning or open circuit, and improving its service life. The second diffusion barrier structure 42 is disposed in the same layer as the first diffusion barrier structure 41, and their dimensions can be the same; that is, the second diffusion barrier structure 42 is also located between the first electrolyte layer 3 and the second electrolyte layer 6.

[0124] For a specific example, the top view of the second diffusion barrier structure 42 along the first direction Z is T-shaped, and the three branches of the T-shape are three air intake paths 42Q.

[0125] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the first sub-detection unit 211 and the second sub-detection unit 212 are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction Y, and the three air intake paths 42Q of the second diffusion barrier structure 42 are connected one-to-one with the second end 211b of the first sub-detection unit 211, the second end 212b of the second sub-detection unit 212 and the second end 213b of the third sub-detection unit 213.

[0126] The third sub-detection unit 213 can be disposed along the third direction X. The first sub-detection unit 211 and the second sub-detection unit 212 are respectively located on both sides of the third sub-detection unit 213 in the second direction Y, and both are bent into an arc shape in the direction away from the third sub-detection unit 213 (i.e., the -Y direction). In some embodiments, the first sub-detection unit 211 and the second sub-detection unit 212 can both be bent into an arc shape in the direction closer to the third sub-detection unit 213 (i.e., the +Y direction).

[0127] The first sub-detection unit 211 and the second sub-detection unit 212 can be symmetrically arranged about the third sub-detection unit 213, with the first end 211a of the first sub-detection unit 211 and the first end 212a of the second sub-detection unit 212 facing each other, and the second end 211b of the first sub-detection unit 211 and the second end 212b of the second sub-detection unit 212 facing each other. The distance from the first end 213a of the third sub-detection unit 213 to the first end 211a of the first sub-detection unit 211 is less than the distance from the second end 213b of the third sub-detection unit 213 to the first end 211a of the first sub-detection unit 211, that is, the first end 213a of the third sub-detection unit 213 is closer to the first end 211a of the first sub-detection unit 211 than the second end 213b.

[0128] The detection unit 21 may further include a fourth sub-detection unit 214, which is connected between the first sub-detection unit 211 and the second sub-detection unit 212 and passes through the third sub-detection unit 213. That is, the first sub-detection unit 211, the second sub-detection unit 212, and the third sub-detection unit 213 are connected through the fourth sub-detection unit 214. Compared to a ring-shaped detection unit, the "king"-shaped design of the detection unit in this embodiment can increase the effective area of ​​the detection unit 21, improve its strength, reduce breakage, and lower the risk of open circuit. In addition, for a sheet-like detection unit, the detection cavity below it is also sheet-like and has a relatively large area, which easily leads to insufficient strength at the detection cavity, resulting in the risk of breakage or collapse of the detection unit. In this embodiment, the detection cavity 5 corresponding to the "king"-shaped detection unit 21 is also "king"-shaped, and the area of ​​the detection cavity 5 is relatively smaller, which can reduce the risk of collapse or breakage of the detection unit 21.

[0129] It is understandable that, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the fabrication process, the area between the detection cavity 5 and the first diffusion barrier structure 41 and the second diffusion barrier structure 42 is not empty, but filled by an electrolyte layer. Only the detection cavity 5 is empty, and the cavity area is small, so it is not easy to collapse. However, for the sheet-shaped detection part, the entire detection cavity below the sheet-shaped detection part is empty, without an electrolyte layer to fill it. The cavity area is too large, so it is easy to collapse.

[0130] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance between the first end 211a of the first sub-detection unit 211 and the first end 212a of the second sub-detection unit 212 is the first spacing L1, and the distance between the second end 211b of the first sub-detection unit 211 and the second end 212b of the second sub-detection unit 212 is the second spacing L2. The ratio of the first spacing to the second spacing can be 0.8 to 1.2.

[0131] For example, the ratio of the first spacing to the second spacing can be 1, that is, the first spacing L1 and the second spacing L2 are equal.

[0132] The distance between the first end 213a and the second end 213b of the third sub-detection unit 213 is the third spacing L3. The first spacing L1 and the third spacing L3 can be designed based on the dimension W of the fourth sub-detection unit 214 along the third direction X, according to the area requirements of the detection unit 21 and the size requirements of the diffusion barrier structure. Specifically, the first spacing L1 is 2 to 4 times the dimension W of the fourth sub-detection unit 214 along the third direction X, thus reserving sufficient space for the diffusion barrier structure. The third spacing L3 is 2 to 3 times the dimension W of the fourth sub-detection unit 214 along the third direction X, which can increase the area of ​​the detection unit 21.

[0133] In some embodiments, the third spacing L3 can be greater than the sum of the first spacing L1 and the second spacing L2. Thus, compared to the annular detection portion, the area of ​​the detection portion 21 in this embodiment is larger than the area of ​​the annular detection portion, thereby increasing the detection area.

[0134] In some embodiments, the first diffusion barrier structure 41 includes a first air intake path, a second air intake path, and a third air intake path. The first air intake path has a first overlap portion with the first end 211a of the first sub-detection unit 211 along the second direction Y. The second air intake path has a second overlap portion with the first end 212a of the second sub-detection unit 212 along the second direction Y. The third air intake path has a third overlap portion with the first end 213a of the third sub-detection unit 213 along the third direction X. Therefore, the corresponding detection cavity 5 is also overlapped with the first diffusion barrier structure 41, which facilitates the transmission of exhaust gas between the first diffusion barrier structure 41 and the detection cavity 5.

[0135] The dimensions of the overlapping portions can be designed based on the dimension of the fourth sub-detection unit 214 along the third direction X, according to the actual situation of exhaust gas transmission and the overall structural dimensions. Specifically, the dimension of the first overlapping portion along the second direction Y is 0.3 to 0.7 times the dimension W of the fourth sub-detection unit 214 along the third direction X; the dimension of the second overlapping portion along the second direction Y is 0.3 to 0.7 times the dimension W of the fourth sub-detection unit 214 along the third direction X; and the dimension of the third overlapping portion along the third direction X is 0.3 to 0.7 times the dimension W of the fourth sub-detection unit 214 along the third direction X. This improves the stability of the connection between each overlapping portion and each sub-detection unit, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the first diffusion barrier structure 41 and the detection unit 21, and correspondingly improving the stability of the connection between the first diffusion barrier structure 41 and the detection cavity 5.

[0136] like Figure 4As shown, the gas sensor 100 may further include a third electrode 7, a fourth electrode 8, and a standard gas channel 9. The third electrode 7 is located between the detection chamber 5 and the second electrolyte layer 6, so the connection between the third electrode 7 and the detection chamber 5 can also be used to measure the oxygen content of the detection chamber 5. The fourth electrode 8 is located on the side of the second electrolyte layer 6 away from the third electrode 7, and the standard gas channel 9 is located on the side of the fourth electrode 8 away from the second electrolyte layer 6, and the standard gas channel 9 is connected to the fourth electrode 8, so the fourth electrode 8 can detect the oxygen content of the standard gas. In some embodiments, the third electrode 7 and the detection unit 21 may overlap, that is, the orthographic projection of the third electrode 7 on the first electrolyte layer 3 coincides with the orthographic projection of the detection unit 21 on the first electrolyte layer 3. Furthermore, the edge of the third electrode 7 is connected to the edge of the detection unit 21, so the third electrode 7 and the detection unit 21 can detect the oxygen content in the exhaust gas together (i.e., both apply electrical signals through the lead portion 22). The third electrode 7 can also be used together with the second electrode 2 as a pump electrode for pumping out and pumping in oxygen, thus increasing the effective area of ​​the electrode.

[0137] Specifically, the orthographic projection of the detection cavity 5 onto the first electrolyte layer 3 is located within the range of the orthographic projection of the detection part 21 onto the first electrolyte layer 3; the orthographic projection of the detection cavity 5 onto the first electrolyte layer 3 is located within the range of the orthographic projection of the third electrode 7 onto the first electrolyte layer 3. This maximizes the detection area, and the portions of the detection part 21 and the third electrode 7 that extend beyond the detection cavity 5 (i.e., the edge portions) are interconnected.

[0138] In some embodiments, the dimension of the first diffusion barrier structure 41 along the first direction Z can be greater than or equal to the sum of the dimensions of the detection cavity 5, the third electrode 7, and the second electrode 2 along the first direction Z. This increases the contact area between the first diffusion barrier structure 41 and the detection cavity 5, which is beneficial for exhaust gas transmission. Furthermore, the first diffusion barrier structure 41 can also provide some support for the detection unit 21, reducing the risk of collapse.

[0139] The gas sensor 100 may further include a heating electrode 10, an insulating layer 11 surrounding the heating electrode 10, and a third electrolyte layer 12 surrounding the insulating layer 11, wherein the third electrolyte layer 12 is located on the side of the second electrolyte layer 6 away from the first electrolyte layer 3. The material of the insulating layer 11 may include aluminum oxide or aluminum nitride.

[0140] The gas sensor 100 may also include an electrode protective layer 13 covering the first electrode 1 for protecting the first electrode 1.

[0141] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second electrode and the first diffusion barrier structure provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second electrode and the first diffusion barrier structure provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0142] like Figure 6 As shown, the first sub-detection unit 211 and the second sub-detection unit 212 are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction Y, and the second end of the first sub-detection unit 211 is connected to the second end of the second sub-detection unit 212. Since the two second ends are connected, there is no obvious boundary, so it is not marked.

[0143] The detection unit 21 further includes a fourth sub-detection unit 214, which is connected between the first sub-detection unit 211 and the second sub-detection unit 212 along the second direction Y, and is connected to the second end 213b of the third sub-detection unit 213. This structure of the detection unit 21 can also increase the effective area of ​​the electrode and improve the strength.

[0144] Figure 6 Examples and Figure 2 The difference in the embodiment is that the detection cavity 5 has only three air inlets 5Q, and the three air inlets 5Q are connected one-to-one with the three air inlet paths 41Q of the first diffusion barrier structure 41.

[0145] like Figure 7 As shown, the first sub-detection section 211 and the second sub-detection section 212 are arranged opposite each other along a third direction X. The second end 211b of the first sub-detection section 211, the second end 212b of the second sub-detection section 212, and the second end 213b of the third sub-detection section 213 are all connected to the same end of the lead section 22. This structure of the detection section 21 can also increase the effective area of ​​the electrode and improve the strength.

[0146] Figure 7 Examples and Figure 6 The difference in the embodiment is that the first diffusion barrier structure 41 is located on the side of the detection unit 21 away from the lead wire unit 22.

[0147] It is understood that, according to the embodiments of this application, diffusion barrier structures with four, five, or even more air intake paths can also be designed, along with matching shapes for the detection cavity 5 and the second electrode 2.

[0148] The gas sensor 100 provided in this application includes a first electrode 1, a second electrode 2, a first electrolyte layer 3, a first diffusion barrier structure 41, a detection cavity 5, and a second electrolyte layer 6. The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are located on opposite sides of the first electrolyte layer 3 along a first direction Z. The second electrolyte layer 6 is located on the side of the first electrolyte layer 3 closer to the second electrode 2. The detection cavity 5 and the first diffusion barrier structure 41 are located between the first electrolyte layer 3 and the second electrolyte layer 6. The second electrode 2 is connected to the detection cavity 5. The detection cavity 5 has at least three air inlets 5Q, and the first diffusion barrier structure 41 has at least three air inlet paths 41Q, each corresponding to one of the at least three air inlets 5Q. Therefore, this application increases the number of air inlet paths 41Q in the first diffusion barrier structure 41 compared to the prior art, thereby reducing the blockage of the air inlet paths 41Q.

[0149] Please see Figure 8-11 , Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a gas sensor provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 9 Some embodiments provided in this application Figure 8 Exploded view of the gas sensor in the diagram. Figure 10 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first heterogeneous bonding layer at position A. Figure 11 This is provided by some embodiments of this application. Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the first insulating layer, the first heterogeneous bonding layer and the first reinforcing layer along the first direction and the third direction.

[0150] The gas sensor 200 includes a third electrolyte layer 12, a first insulating layer 111, and a first heterogeneous bonding layer 60, all located on one side of the second electrolyte layer 6. The first insulating layer 111 is situated between the third electrolyte layer 12 and the second electrolyte layer 6, and the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 is situated between the first insulating layer 111 and the third electrolyte layer 12. The first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 includes a first bonding portion 61 and a second bonding portion 62 connected in the same layer. The first bonding portion 61 is made of the same material as the first insulating layer 111, and the second bonding portion 62 is made of the same material as the third electrolyte layer 12. Because the first bonding portion 61 and the second bonding portion 62 are connected in the same layer and are independent of each other, and because the first bonding portion 61 and the first insulating layer 111 are made of the same material and have contacting surfaces, the bonding force between the first bonding portion 61 and the first insulating layer 111 is greatly improved. Since the second bonding portion 62 and the third electrolyte layer 12 are made of the same material and have surfaces in contact with each other, the bonding force between the second bonding portion 62 and the third electrolyte layer 12 is greatly improved. Therefore, the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 can greatly improve the bonding strength between the first insulating layer 111 and the third electrolyte layer 12.

[0151] The material of the third electrolyte layer 12 may include zirconium oxide and additives, such as yttrium oxide, cerium oxide, or calcium oxide, wherein zirconium oxide may be a high-density material to provide greater hardness. The material of the first insulating layer 111 may include aluminum oxide or aluminum nitride, wherein aluminum oxide or aluminum nitride may be a high-density material to provide greater hardness.

[0152] In some embodiments, the content of the additive in the third electrolyte layer 12 is 5 mol% to 10 mol%, which can make the third electrolyte layer 12 have a tetragonal crystal form, good conductivity, and moderate cost.

[0153] The thickness of the first heterojunction layer 60 along the third direction Z can be less than the thickness of the third electrolyte layer 12 along the third direction Z, where the third direction Z is the stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer 12 and the first insulating layer 111. Setting the thickness of the first heterojunction layer 60 to be less than the thickness of the third electrolyte layer 12 can reduce the number of printing operations required for the first heterojunction layer 60, thereby reducing costs, and can also reduce the impact of the first heterojunction layer 60 on the heat transfer efficiency along the third direction Z.

[0154] In some embodiments, the thickness of the third electrolyte layer 12 along the third direction Z is 150 micrometers to 300 micrometers. The thickness of the first heterojunction layer 60 along the third direction Z is 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers. A thickness greater than or equal to 10 micrometers can ensure that the first heterojunction layer 60 improves the bonding strength between the first insulating layer 111 and the third electrolyte layer 12. A thickness less than or equal to 50 micrometers can not only further reduce costs, but also further reduce the impact of the first heterojunction layer 60 on the heat transfer efficiency in the third direction Z.

[0155] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first electrolyte layer 3 along the third direction Z can be 300 micrometers to 500 micrometers.

[0156] The gas sensor 200 may include a heating electrode 10 and a second insulating layer 112, wherein the heating electrode 10 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 111 away from the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60, and the second insulating layer 112 is located on the side of the heating electrode 10 away from the first insulating layer 111.

[0157] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first insulating layer 111 along the third direction Z is 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers, and the thickness of the second insulating layer 112 along the third direction Z is 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers. The thickness of the detection unit along the third direction Z is 10 micrometers to 20 micrometers.

[0158] like Figure 9 As shown, the third electrolyte layer 12 can serve as a carrier to support other structures. The first heterogeneous bonding layer 60, the first insulating layer 111, the heating electrode 10, and the second insulating layer 112 are sequentially stacked on the third electrolyte layer 12. The first insulating layer 111 and the second insulating layer 112 can be made of the same material, and the materials of the third electrolyte layer 12, the second electrolyte layer 6, and the first electrolyte layer 3 can also be the same.

[0159] The gas sensor 200 may further include a second heterogeneous bonding layer 70, which is located between the second insulating layer 112 and the second electrolyte layer 6. The second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 includes a third bonding portion and a fourth bonding portion connected in the same layer. The third bonding portion is made of the same material as the second insulating layer 112, and the fourth bonding portion is made of the same material as the second electrolyte layer 6, thus greatly improving the bonding strength between the second insulating layer 112 and the second electrolyte layer 6.

[0160] The thickness of the second heterojunction layer 70 along the third direction Z can be less than the thickness of the second electrolyte layer 6 along the third direction Z. Setting the thickness of the second heterojunction layer 70 to be less than the thickness of the second electrolyte layer 6 can reduce the number of printing operations required for the second heterojunction layer 70, thereby reducing costs, and can also reduce the impact of the second heterojunction layer 70 on the heat transfer efficiency in the third direction Z.

[0161] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second electrolyte layer 6 along the third direction Z is 150 micrometers to 300 micrometers. The thickness of the second heterojunction layer 70 along the third direction Z is 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers. A thickness greater than or equal to 10 micrometers can improve the bonding strength between the second insulating layer 112 and the second electrolyte layer 6. A thickness less than or equal to 50 micrometers can not only further reduce costs but also further reduce the impact of the second heterojunction layer 70 on the heat transfer efficiency in the third direction Z.

[0162] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a gas sensor provided in some embodiments of this application. For ease of understanding and brief explanation, the same reference numerals are used for the same structures as in the above embodiments, and the same structures are not described in detail. This embodiment only describes the different structures in detail.

[0163] The gas sensor 300 may further include a first reinforcing layer 80, which is located between the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 and the third electrolyte layer 12, and the first reinforcing layer 80 and the third electrolyte layer 12 are made of the same material. Therefore, during the bonding process, the first reinforcing layer 80 can wet the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 and the third electrolyte layer 12, thereby enhancing the bonding strength between the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 and the third electrolyte layer 12.

[0164] The gas sensor 300 may further include a second reinforcing layer 90, which is located between the second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 and the second electrolyte layer 6, and the second reinforcing layer 90 and the second electrolyte layer 6 are made of the same material. Therefore, during the bonding process, the second reinforcing layer 90 can wet the second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 and the second electrolyte layer 6, thereby strengthening the second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 and the second electrolyte layer 6.

[0165] In some embodiments, the first reinforcing layer 80 and the second reinforcing layer 90 can effectively wet the third electrolyte layer 12 and the second electrolyte layer 6 during the screen printing process, allowing the two electrolyte substrates to make better contact during the pressing process, thereby promoting the improvement of the sintering bond strength between the electrolyte substrates. In addition, since the reinforcing layers are made of the same material as the electrolyte substrates, they can promote the bonding between the electrolyte substrates during the sintering process, thereby increasing the density at the electrolyte substrate bonding site.

[0166] The top view areas of the third electrolyte layer 12, the first reinforcing layer 80, the second reinforcing layer 90, and the second electrolyte layer 6 are equal and larger than the top view areas of the other film layers (including the heating unit). Therefore, the first reinforcing layer 80 and the second reinforcing layer 90 can contact each other during the sintering process. The "top view" refers to the top view along a third direction Z, which is the stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer 12 and the first insulating layer 111.

[0167] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first reinforcing layer 80 along the third direction Z is less than the thickness of the third electrolyte layer 12 in the third direction Z. Therefore, while using the first reinforcing layer 80 to enhance the bonding strength between the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 and the third electrolyte layer 12, the heat transfer efficiency in the third direction Z can be controlled within an acceptable range, and the printing cost can be reduced.

[0168] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first reinforcing layer 80 in the third direction Z is 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers. This can ensure that the first reinforcing layer 80 enhances the bonding strength between the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 and the third electrolyte layer 12, further reduce the impact of the first reinforcing layer 80 on the heat transfer efficiency in the third direction Z, and further reduce printing costs.

[0169] See Figure 10 In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first bonding portion 61 is disposed around at least a portion of the second bonding portion 62, and / or at least a portion of the second bonding portion 62 is disposed around at least a portion of the first bonding portion 61. This can increase the contact area between the first bonding portion 61 and the second bonding portion 62, improve the bonding strength between them, reduce delamination or breakage between them, thereby facilitating the bonding between the first insulating layer 111 and the third electrolyte layer 12.

[0170] like Figure 10As shown, the first joint 61 includes a first connecting portion 611 and at least two first intersecting portions 612, with the first connecting portion 611 connecting the at least two first intersecting portions 612; the second joint 62 includes a second connecting portion 621 and at least two second intersecting portions 622, with the second intersecting portions 622 connecting the at least two second intersecting portions 622. Two adjacent first intersecting portions 612 and first connecting portions 611 are arranged around one second intersecting portion 622, and two adjacent second intersecting portions 622 and second connecting portions 621 are arranged around one first intersecting portion 612.

[0171] like Figure 10 As shown, the third electrolyte layer 12 extends along the first direction Y. The first connecting portion 611 and the second connecting portion 621 are disposed opposite each other in the second direction X and both extend along the first direction Y. The first intersecting portion 612 and the second intersecting portion 622 are alternately disposed along the first direction Y and both extend along the second direction X, and the first direction Y intersects the second direction X. In one embodiment, the first direction Y and the second direction X may be perpendicular to each other and both perpendicular to the third direction Z.

[0172] Figure 11 The cross-sectional structure of the first insulating layer 111, the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60, and the first reinforcing layer 80 is shown, wherein the first cross portion 612 and the second cross portion 622 are arranged alternately along the first direction Y.

[0173] In other embodiments, the third electrolyte layer 12 extends along a first direction Y, the first connecting portion 611 and the second connecting portion 621 are arranged opposite each other in the first direction Y and are parallel to each other and both extend along a second direction X, the first intersecting portion 612 and the second intersecting portion 622 are alternately arranged along the second direction X and both extend along the first direction Y, and the first direction Y intersects the second direction X.

[0174] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the first cross portion 612 has a first end 612A and a second end 612B. The first end 612A is connected to the first connecting portion 611, and the second end 612B is connected to the second connecting portion 621. The second cross portion 622 has a third end 622A and a fourth end 622B. The third end 622A is connected to the second connecting portion 621, and the fourth end 622B is connected to the first connecting portion 611. This cross-composite structure can effectively mitigate the problem of inconsistent sintering shrinkage rates between the first insulating layer 111 and the third electrolyte layer 12, and increase the contact area between the first joint portion 61 and the second joint portion 62, thereby improving the bonding force between the two. As a result, the gas sensor has excellent sealing performance and bending strength.

[0175] In some embodiments, the top view area of ​​the first joint portion 61 along the third direction Z is 20% to 80% of the top view area of ​​the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 along the third direction Z. When the first joint portion 61 and the second joint portion 62 include a first connecting portion 611 and a second connecting portion 621, the area ratio of the first joint portion 61 is 20% to 80%, which can allow the first joint portion 61 and the second joint portion 62 to have an intersection to form an intersecting structure, thereby increasing the contact area between the two and improving the bonding force.

[0176] The first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 provided in this application has a cross-tooth structure, and the second bonding part 62 and the first bonding part 61 form an S-shaped contact, which increases the contact area between the second bonding part 62 and the first bonding part 61, making the first bonding part 61 and the second bonding part 62 more tightly engaged, so that the second bonding part 62 and the first bonding part 61 are less likely to crack and delaminate due to stress accumulation.

[0177] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first joint and the second joint provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0178] The first joint 61 includes a plurality of first sub-joints 610, and the second joint 62 includes a plurality of second sub-joints 620. The plurality of first sub-joints 610 and the plurality of second sub-joints 620 are alternately arranged around each other, which can also increase the contact area between the first joint 61 and the second joint 62.

[0179] In a specific example, the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 is composed of a first sub-bonding portion 610, a second sub-bonding portion 620, a first sub-bonding portion 610 and a second sub-bonding portion 620 from the inside out. Alternatively, the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 can be composed of a second sub-bonding portion 620, a first sub-bonding portion 610, a second sub-bonding portion 620 and a first sub-bonding portion 610 from the inside out.

[0180] In some embodiments, the top view shape of the first sub-joint portion 610 and / or the second sub-joint portion 620 along the third direction Z is a U-shape. For example... Figure 13 As shown, the top view of one first sub-joint 610 is rectangular, the top view of another first sub-joint 610 is square, and the top view of both second sub-joints 620 is square.

[0181] In this application, the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 is a cross-composite structure formed by the second bonding portion 62 and the first bonding portion 61. This cross-composite structure allows the second bonding portion 62 and the first bonding portion 61 to form a tooth-like bond, enabling the heterogeneous materials to interlock during sintering, thereby promoting the bonding of heterogeneous co-firing and reducing cracks or delamination caused by poor bonding during heterogeneous sintering. The heating electrode 10 can rapidly heat up the gas sensor. During the rapid heating process of the gas sensor, the bonding of heterogeneous materials is prone to fatigue cracks due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients and the accumulation of thermal stress. The existence of the cross-composite structure in this application can make the bonding between the second bonding portion 62 and the first bonding portion 61 tighter, thereby avoiding thermal stress cracks and facilitating the bonding of the first insulating layer 111 and the third electrolyte layer 12.

[0182] Referring to Table 1, Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were designed.

[0183] Example 1 uses Figure 12 The product comprises a reinforcing layer (including a first reinforcing layer 80 and a second reinforcing layer 90) and a heterogeneous bonding layer (including a first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 and a second heterogeneous bonding layer 70). The first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 has a thickness of 20 micrometers, and the second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 has the same thickness as the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60. The area of ​​the first bonding portion 61 in the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 accounts for 50%, and the area of ​​the third bonding portion in the second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 has the same area as the first bonding portion 61 in the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60. The first reinforcing layer 80 has a thickness of 20 micrometers, and the second reinforcing layer 90 has the same thickness as the first reinforcing layer 80.

[0184] Example 2

[0185] There is no reinforcing layer (i.e., the thickness of both the first reinforcing layer 80 and the second reinforcing layer 90 is 0), and other structural features are the same as in Example 1.

[0186] Example 3

[0187] Unlike Embodiment 1, the area ratio of the first bonding portion 61 in the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 is 20%, and the area ratio of the third bonding portion in the second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 is 20%. Other structural features are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0188] Example 4

[0189] Unlike Embodiment 1, the area of ​​the first bonding portion 61 in the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 accounts for 80%, and the area of ​​the third bonding portion in the second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 accounts for 80%. Other structural features are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0190] Example 5

[0191] Unlike Example 1, the thickness of the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 and the second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 is 10 micrometers, while other structural features are the same as in Example 1.

[0192] Example 6

[0193] Unlike Example 1, the thickness of the first heterogeneous bonding layer 60 and the second heterogeneous bonding layer 70 is 50 micrometers, while other structural features are the same as in Example 1.

[0194] Comparative Example 1

[0195] No reinforcing layer or heterogeneous bonding layer was prepared; other structural features were the same as in Example 1.

[0196] Comparative Example 2

[0197] No heterogeneous bonding layer was prepared; other structural features were the same as in Example 1.

[0198] Comparative Example 3

[0199] The structure prepared using the preparation process described in CN102235994B has a transition layer consisting of a simple mixture of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, and calcium oxide.

[0200] Table 1

[0201]

[0202] Performance tests were conducted on the above embodiments and comparative examples. The performance test methods are as follows:

[0203] 1. Bending strength test: The bending strength test is conducted in accordance with GB / T6569-2006 Test Method for Bending Strength of Fine Ceramics.

[0204] 2. Thermal shock resistance test: Apply 12V DC power to the heater of the product to make the product heat up rapidly, maintain the temperature for 1 minute, then turn off the power and let the product cool down naturally for 1 minute. This is one hot and cold cycle, and one record is made for one cycle.

[0205] The test results are shown in Table 2 below. From the data in Table 2, it can be seen that using… Figure 12 Compared to the product in the comparative example, the product in this example shows significant improvements in cracking yield, flexural strength, and thermal shock resistance. Furthermore, a comparison of Example 1 and Example 2 shows that the product with the reinforcing layer performs better than the product without the reinforcing layer.

[0206] Table 2

[0207]

[0208]

[0209] Please see Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is a top view schematic diagram of the heating electrode provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0210] The heating electrode 10A extends along a first direction (Y) and includes a heating section 101, a buffer section 102, and a lead section 103 arranged along the first direction Y. The buffer section 102 is located between the heating section 101 and the lead section 103, and the resistance of the buffer section 102 is less than the resistance of the heating section 101 but greater than the resistance of the lead section 103. This application adds a buffer section 102 between the heating section 101 and the lead section 103. Since the resistance of the buffer section 102 is greater than the total resistance of the lead section 103 but less than the total resistance of the heating section 101, the heat generated by the buffer section 102 is greater than the heat generated by the lead section 103 but less than the heat generated by the heating section 101. Therefore, the temperature of the buffer section 102 is greater than the temperature of the lead section 103 but less than the temperature of the heating section 101. This reduces the temperature gradient between the heating section 101 and the lead section 103, thereby reducing the product failure rate.

[0211] In some embodiments, the total resistance of the heating section 101 is 55% to 65% of the total resistance of the heating electrode 10A, the total resistance of the buffer section 102 is 15% to 30% of the total resistance of the heating electrode 10A, and the total resistance of the lead section 103 is 15% to 30% of the total resistance of the heating electrode 10A. Therefore, the temperature of the heating section 101 can be 400°C to 800°C, the temperature of the buffer section 102 can be 200°C to 800°C, and the temperature of the lead section 103 can be less than 200°C.

[0212] In some embodiments, such as Figure 14 As shown, the lead wire portion 103 mainly serves as a conductor. The dimension of the lead wire portion 103 along the first direction Y is greater than the dimension of the heating portion 101 along the first direction Y, and the dimension of the lead wire portion 103 along the first direction Y is greater than the dimension of the buffer portion 102 along the first direction Y.

[0213] In some embodiments, the resistivity of the lead portion 103 is low, serving only a conductive function and generating almost no heat. This design saves energy consumption and also protects the external connector located at the tail of the heating electrode 10A. The external connector connects the external power supply to the heating electrode 10A. The metal spring in the connector is typically made of copper and has an external plastic protective shell. Therefore, the temperature at the tail of the heating electrode 10A needs to be kept low to prevent the connector from being burned or damaged.

[0214] In some embodiments, the resistivity of the buffer portion 102 may be set to be greater than that of the lead portion 103, such that the buffer portion 102 has a larger resistance than the lead portion 103 with a smaller length (dimension along the first direction).

[0215] The heating unit 101 may further include a plurality of sub-heating units 101A arranged along the first direction Y, and the plurality of sub-heating units 101A are connected in series. The opposite ends of two adjacent sub-heating units 101A are connected by a bend, and this meandering shape can increase the overall length of the heating unit 101, thereby increasing the resistance of the heating unit 101 and making the heat field uniform within the heating range where the heating unit 101 is located.

[0216] In some embodiments, the dimension of the heating part 101 along the first direction Y is greater than or equal to the dimension of the buffer part 102 along the first direction Y. Therefore, the actual length of the heating part 101 is greater than the actual length of the buffer part 102. Thus, the resistivity of the buffer part 102 can be set to be less than or equal to the resistivity of the heating part 101, so that the resistance of the heating part 101 is greater than the resistance of the buffer part 102. Here, "actual length" refers to the length along the current flow direction after being connected in series.

[0217] In some embodiments, the dimension of the buffer portion 102 along the first direction Y is 50% to 100% of the dimension of the heating portion 101 along the first direction Y. It is understood that the dimension range of the buffer portion 102 along the first direction can be set according to the required proportion of the total resistance of the buffer portion 102 to the total resistance of the heating electrode 10A.

[0218] In a specific example, the dimension of the heating part 101 along the first direction Y and the dimension of the buffer part 102 along the first direction Y are both equal to 4 mm.

[0219] In some embodiments, since the actual length of the buffer section 102 is less than the actual length of the heating section 101, the resistivity of the buffer section 102 can be set to be less than or equal to the resistivity of the heating section 101, so as to control the total resistance of the buffer section 102 to be less than the total resistance of the heating section 101.

[0220] In one embodiment, the resistivity of the buffer portion 102 is less than the resistivity of the heating portion 101, where the resistivity of the heating portion 101 is 35 μΩ·cm to 50 μΩ·cm and the resistivity of the buffer portion 102 is 10 μΩ·cm to 25 μΩ·cm. It is understood that the resistivity of each portion can be set according to the required total resistance of both.

[0221] In one embodiment, the resistivity of the buffer portion 102 can be set to be equal to the resistivity of the heating portion 101, so that the buffer portion 102 and the heating portion 101 can be made of the same material, thereby reducing the manufacturing process and cost.

[0222] like Figure 14 As shown, the lead portion 103 may include a first sub-lead portion 1031 and a second sub-lead portion 1032 disposed opposite to each other in a second direction X, wherein the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Y and parallel to the surface of the detection unit 10. The buffer portion 102 includes a first sub-buffer portion 1021 connected to the first sub-lead portion 1031 and a second sub-buffer portion 1022 connected to the second sub-lead portion 1032. The heating portion 101 includes a first end 1011 connected to the first sub-buffer portion 1021 and a second end 1012 connected to the second sub-buffer portion 1022. Thus, the first sub-lead portion 1031, the first sub-buffer portion 1021, the first end 1011, the second end 1012, the second sub-buffer portion 1022, and the second sub-lead portion 1032 can be connected in series to achieve the heating function.

[0223] The first sub-buffer section 1021 gradually increases in size along the second direction X from the first end 1011 to the first sub-lead section 1031 (the direction in the diagram is from left to right), and the second sub-buffer section 1022 gradually increases in size along the second direction X from the second end 1012 to the second sub-lead section 1032 (the direction in the diagram is from left to right). This results in different resistances in the buffer section 102 at different locations, with the resistance gradually decreasing from left to right. Consequently, the temperature gradually decreases from left to right, allowing for a gradual temperature transition within the buffer section 102 and helping to alleviate the concentration of thermal stress.

[0224] After experimental fitting, the temperature changes at various locations within the buffer section 102 were obtained as shown in the following formula:

[0225]

[0226] Where T1 is the temperature at the junction of the buffer section 102 and the heating section 101, T2 is the temperature at a distance L from the junction of the buffer section 102 and the heating section 101, and a is a constant with a value ranging from 0.5 to 5. It can be seen that the further away the buffer section 102 is from the heating section 101, the lower the temperature.

[0227] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the first sub-lead portion 1031 and the second sub-lead portion 1032 along the second direction X are uniform, and the dimensions of the first sub-lead portion 1031 and the second sub-lead portion 1032 along the second direction X may be the same.

[0228] The minimum dimension W1 (left end dimension) of the first sub-buffer section 1021 along the second direction X is equal to the dimension W1 of the first end 1011 along the second direction X, and the maximum dimension W2 (right end) of the first sub-buffer section 1021 along the second direction X is equal to the dimension W2 of the first sub-lead section 1031 along the second direction X. That is, the first sub-buffer section 1021 is directly connected to the first sub-lead section 1031 and the first end 1011.

[0229] The heating electrode 10A has a symmetrical axis extending along the first direction Y, and the first sub-buffer portion 1021 and the second sub-buffer portion 1022 are symmetrical about the symmetrical axis. Therefore, the minimum dimension W1 (left end dimension) of the second sub-buffer portion 1022 along the second direction X is equal to the dimension of the second end 1012 along the second direction X, and the maximum dimension W2 (right end) of the second sub-buffer portion 1022 along the second direction X is equal to the dimension of the second sub-lead portion 1032 along the second direction X.

[0230] In some embodiments, the first sub-buffer portion 1021 has a first outer side surface 1021O that is away from the second sub-buffer portion 1022, and the heating portion 101 has a second outer side surface 101O that is connected to the first outer side surface 1021O.

[0231] In one embodiment, such as Figure 14 As shown, the first outer surface 1021O and the second outer surface 101O extend in the first direction Y, that is, the first outer surface 1021O and the second outer surface 101O are on the same plane.

[0232] In another embodiment, the first outer surface 1021O is located on the side of the second outer surface 101O near the second sub-buffer portion 1022.

[0233] In some embodiments, the first sub-buffer portion 1021 has an inner side surface 1021I near the second sub-buffer portion 1022, and the inner side surface 1021I is a flat surface.

[0234] Please see Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is a top view schematic diagram of the heating electrode provided in some embodiments of this application. For ease of understanding and brief explanation, the same structures as those in the above embodiments will continue to use the same reference numerals, and the same structures will not be described in detail. This embodiment will only describe the different structures in detail.

[0235] This embodiment and Figure 14The difference in the embodiments is that the maximum dimension W2 (right end) of the first sub-buffer portion 1021 along the second direction X in the heating electrode 10B is smaller than the dimension W3 of the first sub-lead portion 1031 along the second direction X, and the maximum dimension (right end) of the second sub-buffer portion 1022 along the second direction X is smaller than the dimension of the second sub-lead portion 1032 along the second direction X. Therefore, a transition portion can be provided to transition the size change between the first sub-buffer portion 1021 and the first sub-lead portion 1031, and to transition the size change between the second sub-buffer portion 1022 and the second sub-lead portion 1032.

[0236] In some embodiments, the heating electrode 10B further includes a transition portion 104, which includes a first sub-transition portion connected between the first sub-buffer portion 1021 and the first sub-lead portion 1031, and a second sub-transition portion connected between the second sub-buffer portion 1022 and the second sub-lead portion 1032. The size of the first sub-transition portion gradually increases along the second direction X from the first sub-buffer portion 1021 to the first sub-lead portion 1031 (illustrated from left to right), and the size of the second sub-transition portion gradually increases along the second direction X from the second sub-buffer portion 1022 to the second sub-lead portion 1032 (illustrated from left to right).

[0237] It is understood that the minimum dimension (left end dimension) of the first sub-buffer portion 1021 along the second direction X can also be greater than the dimension of the first end 1011 along the second direction X. Specifically, a transition portion can be provided between the first sub-buffer portion 1021 and the first end 1011.

[0238] Please see Figure 16 , Figure 16 This is a top view schematic diagram of the heating electrode provided in some embodiments of this application. For ease of understanding and brief explanation, the same structures as those in the above embodiments will continue to use the same reference numerals, and the same structures will not be described in detail. This embodiment will only describe the different structures in detail.

[0239] This embodiment and Figure 15 The difference in the embodiments is that the first sub-buffer portion 1021 in the heating electrode 10C has an inner side surface 1021I near the second sub-buffer portion 1022, the inner side surface 1021I is a stepped surface, and the resistance of the first sub-buffer portion 1021 is different at each step.

[0240] In the gas sensor provided in this application embodiment, the heating electrode extends along a first direction Y and includes a heating part 101, a buffer part 102, and a lead part 103 arranged along the first direction Y. The buffer part 102 is located between the heating part 101 and the lead part 103, and the total resistance of the buffer part 102 is less than the total resistance of the heating part 101 but greater than the total resistance of the lead part 103. By adding a buffer part 102 between the heating part 101 and the lead part 103, and the total resistance of the buffer part 102 being greater than the total resistance of the lead part 103 but less than the total resistance of the heating part 101, the heat generated by the buffer part 102 is greater than the heat generated by the lead part 103 but less than the heat generated by the heating part 101. Therefore, the temperature of the buffer part 102 is greater than the temperature of the lead part 103 but less than the temperature of the heating part 101. This reduces the temperature gradient between the heating part 101 and the lead part 103, thereby reducing the product failure rate.

[0241] The present application provides the following embodiments 7-11 and comparative example 4 to illustrate the advantages of the products in the embodiments of the present application.

[0242] Example 7

[0243] The product uses an attached Figure 14 The heating electrode structure shown has a dimension of 4 mm for both the heating part along the first direction and the buffer part along the first direction.

[0244] Example 8

[0245] The product uses an attached Figure 15 The heating electrode structure shown has a dimension of 4 mm for both the heating part along the first direction and the buffer part along the first direction.

[0246] Example 9

[0247] In this embodiment, except for the size of the buffer section, the other features of the product are the same as those in Embodiment 7 (for example, the size of the heating section along the first direction is 4 mm, and the size of the buffer section along the first direction is 3 mm).

[0248] Example 10

[0249] In this embodiment, except for the size of the buffer section, the other features of the product are the same as those in Embodiment 7 (for example, the size of the heating section along the first direction is 4 mm, and the size of the buffer section along the first direction is 2 mm).

[0250] Example 11

[0251] In this embodiment, except for the size of the buffer section, the other features of the product are the same as those in Embodiment 7 (for example, the size of the heating section along the first direction is 4 mm, and the size of the buffer section along the first direction is 1 mm).

[0252] Comparative Example 4

[0253] Except for the absence of a buffer section, the product features are the same as those in Example 7.

[0254] Thermal shock resistance tests were conducted on the products provided in the above embodiments and comparative examples: 12V DC power was applied to the heater of the product to rapidly heat the product, and the power was cut off after 1 minute. The product was allowed to cool naturally for 1 minute. This constitutes one hot and cold cycle, and one cycle was recorded once.

[0255] After the thermal shock resistance test, the internal resistance of the oxygen sensor was measured. If the internal resistance exceeded the 5% variation range, it was determined that the solid electrolyte of the oxygen sensor had cracked. The number of times the power was switched on and off when the crack occurred was recorded, which is the effective number of thermal shock resistance tests of the oxygen sensor. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0256] As shown in Table 3, setting up a buffer section can increase the effective number of thermal shock resistance cycles of the product. When the size of the buffer section along the first direction differs significantly from the size of the heating section along the first direction, the effective number of thermal shock resistance cycles of the product decreases. The smaller the difference between the size of the buffer section along the first direction and the size of the heating section along the first direction, the greater the effective number of thermal shock resistance cycles of the product.

[0257] Table 3

[0258] Effective number of thermal shocks / times Example 7 ＞5000 Example 8 ＞5000 Example 9 ＞5000 Example 10 ＞4500 Example 11 ＜4000 Comparative Example 4 ＜3000

[0259] This application provides a gas monitoring device, which includes the gas sensor described above. The gas monitoring device has all the beneficial effects of the gas sensor described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0260] This application provides a vehicle that includes the aforementioned gas monitoring device, and the vehicle possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned gas monitoring device, which will not be elaborated further here. This gas monitoring device can be applied to vehicle exhaust gas monitoring.

[0261] The vehicle may be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, etc., and this disclosure does not make any specific restrictions.

[0262] The vehicle may be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, etc., and this disclosure does not make any specific restrictions.

[0263] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0264] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0265] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0266] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A gas sensor, characterized by, The application relates to a detection device, comprising: a first electrode, a second electrode, a first electrolyte layer, a first diffusion barrier structure, a detection cavity and a second electrolyte layer, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively located on two sides of the first electrolyte layer along a first direction, the second electrolyte layer is located on a side of the first electrolyte layer close to the second electrode, the detection cavity and the first diffusion barrier structure are located between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer, the second electrode is connected with the detection cavity, and the first direction is a layering direction of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer. The detection cavity has at least three gas inlets, and the first diffusion barrier structure has at least three gas inlet paths. The second electrode comprises at least three contact parts which are connected with the at least three gas inlet paths one by one.

2. The gas sensor according to claim 1, characterized by The first diffusion barrier structure has three gas inlet paths, the detection cavity has three gas inlets, and the second electrode has three contact parts.

3. The gas sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first diffusion barrier structure has a T-shaped top view along the first direction, and three branches of the T-shaped structure are respectively the three gas inlet paths.

4. The gas sensor according to claim 3, characterized by The second electrode comprises a detection part and a lead part which extends along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

5. The gas sensor according to claim 3, characterized by The detection part comprises a first sub-detection part, a second sub-detection part and a third sub-detection part which are connected with each other, the first sub-detection part and the second sub-detection part are oppositely arranged, and the third sub-detection part is located between the first sub-detection part and the second sub-detection part. First ends of the first sub-detection part, the second sub-detection part and the third sub-detection part are connected with the three gas inlet paths one by one. The first sub-detection part and the second sub-detection part are oppositely arranged along the second direction, and second ends of the first sub-detection part and the second sub-detection part are connected.

6. The gas sensor according to claim 5, characterized by The detection part further comprises a fourth sub-detection part which is connected between the first sub-detection part and the second sub-detection part along the second direction, and the fourth sub-detection part is connected with a second end of the third sub-detection part. The first sub-detection part and the second sub-detection part are oppositely arranged along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

7. The gas sensor according to claim 5, characterized by Second ends of the first sub-detection part, the second sub-detection part and the third sub-detection part are connected with a same end of the lead part. The application further relates to a second diffusion barrier structure which is connected with the detection cavity and has three gas inlet paths.

8. The gas sensor according to claim 5, characterized by The detection cavity has six gas inlets which are connected with the six gas inlet paths one by one. The first sub-detection part and the second sub-detection part are oppositely arranged along the second direction.

9. A gas sensor according to claim 8, characterised in that, The three gas inlet paths of the second diffusion barrier structure are connected with second ends of the first sub-detection part, the second sub-detection part and the third sub-detection part one by one. ​ 10. The gas sensor according to claim 9, characterized by The detection part further comprises a fourth sub-detection part, which is connected between the first sub-detection part and the second sub-detection part and passes through the third sub-detection part.

11. The gas sensor according to claim 1, characterized by The second electrode comprises a detection part and a lead part, and a projection of the detection part on the first electrolyte layer at least partially overlaps with a projection of the detection cavity on the first electrolyte layer.

12. The gas sensor according to claim 1, characterized by Further comprising a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a standard gas channel, the third electrode is located between the detection cavity and the second electrolyte layer, the fourth electrode is located on a side of the second electrolyte layer away from the third electrode, and the standard gas channel is located on a side of the fourth electrode away from the second electrolyte layer, and the standard gas channel is connected with the fourth electrode.

13. The gas sensor according to claim 12, characterized in that The second electrode comprises a detection part and a lead part, and an edge of the third electrode is connected with an edge of the detection part.

14. The gas sensor according to claim 12, characterized by The projection of the detection cavity on the first electrolyte layer is located within the projection of the third electrode on the first electrolyte layer.

15. The gas sensor of claim 12, wherein The size of the first diffusion barrier structure along the first direction is greater than or equal to the sum of the sizes of the detection cavity, the third electrode and the second electrode along the first direction.

16. The gas sensor of claim 10, wherein The distance between the first end of the first sub-detection part and the first end of the second sub-detection part is a first interval, the distance between the second end of the first sub-detection part and the second end of the second sub-detection part is a second interval, and the ratio of the first interval to the second interval is 0.8-1.

2.

17. A gas sensor according to claim 16, characterised in that The first interval is 2-4 times the size of the fourth sub-detection part along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

18. The gas sensor of claim 10, wherein, The distance between the first end of the third sub-detection part and the second end of the third sub-detection part is a third interval, and the third interval is 2-3 times the size of the fourth sub-detection part along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

19. The gas sensor according to claim 6 or 10, characterized by The first diffusion barrier structure comprises a first gas inlet path, a second gas inlet path and a third gas inlet path, the first gas inlet path has a first overlap part overlapping along the second direction with the first end of the first sub-detection part, the second gas inlet path has a second overlap part overlapping along the second direction with the first end of the second sub-detection part, and the third gas inlet path has a third overlap part overlapping along a third direction with the first end of the third sub-detection part, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

20. A gas sensor according to claim 19, characterised in that, The size of the first overlap part along the second direction is 0.3-0.7 times the size of the fourth sub-detection part along the third direction, the size of the second overlap part along the second direction is 0.3-0.7 times the size of the fourth sub-detection part along the third direction, and the size of the third overlap part along the third direction is 0.3-0.7 times the size of the fourth sub-detection part along the third direction.

21. The gas sensor of claim 1, wherein Further comprising a heating electrode, an insulating layer surrounding the heating electrode, and a third electrolyte layer surrounding the insulating layer, and the third electrolyte layer is located on a side of the second electrolyte layer away from the first electrolyte layer.

22. The gas sensor of claim 1, wherein Further comprising: The third electrolyte layer is located on one side of the second electrolyte layer; A first insulating layer is located between the third electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer; A first heterogeneous bonding layer is located between the first insulating layer and the third electrolyte layer, and the first heterogeneous bonding layer includes a first bonding portion and a second bonding portion connected in the same layer. The first bonding portion is made of the same material as the first insulating layer, and the second bonding portion is made of the same material as the third electrolyte layer.

23. A gas sensor according to claim 22, characterised in that, At least a portion of the first joint is disposed around at least a portion of the second joint, and / or at least a portion of the second joint is disposed around at least a portion of the first joint.

24. A gas sensor according to claim 23, characterised in that, The first joint includes a first connecting portion and at least two first intersecting portions, the first connecting portion connecting the at least two first intersecting portions; the second joint includes a second connecting portion and at least two second intersecting portions, the second intersecting portions connecting the at least two second intersecting portions. Two adjacent first intersections and two adjacent first connecting parts are arranged around one second intersection, and two adjacent second intersections and two adjacent second connecting parts are arranged around one first intersection.

25. A gas sensor according to claim 24, characterised in that, The first intersection has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the first connecting part, and the second end being connected to the second connecting part; The second intersection has a third end and a fourth end, the third end being connected to the second connecting part, and the fourth end being connected to the first connecting part.

26. A gas sensor according to claim 24, characterised in that The third electrolyte layer extends along a first direction, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are disposed opposite each other in a second direction and both extend along the first direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction; The first intersection and the second intersection are alternately arranged along the first direction and both extend along the second direction.

27. The gas sensor of claim 24, wherein, The third electrolyte layer extends along a first direction, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are disposed opposite to each other in the first direction and both extend along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect. The first intersection and the second intersection are alternately arranged along the second direction and both extend along the first direction.

28. The gas sensor of claim 23, wherein, The first joint includes a plurality of first sub-joints, and the second joint includes a plurality of second sub-joints, with the plurality of first sub-joints and the plurality of second sub-joints alternately arranged around each other.

29. A gas sensor according to claim 28, characterised in that, The top view of the second sub-junction and / or the first sub-junction along a third direction is a U-shape, where the third direction is the stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer and the first insulating layer.

30. A gas sensor according to any one of claims 22 to 29, characterised in that, Also includes: A first reinforcing layer is located between the first heterogeneous bonding layer and the third electrolyte layer, and the first reinforcing layer and the third electrolyte layer are made of the same material.

31. A gas sensor according to claim 30, characterised in that, The thickness of the first reinforcing layer along a third direction is less than the thickness of the third electrolyte layer in that third direction, where the third direction is the stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer and the first insulating layer.

32. A gas sensor according to claim 31, characterised in that, The thickness of the first reinforcing layer in the third direction is 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers.

33. The gas sensor of claim 22, wherein, The first heterogeneous bonding layer has a thickness in a third direction which is less than a thickness of the third electrolyte layer in the third direction, the third direction being a stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer and the first insulating layer.

34. A gas sensor according to claim 33, characterised in that, The first heterogeneous bonding layer has a thickness in the third direction of 10-50 microns.

35. A gas sensor according to claim 33, characterised in that, The third electrolyte layer has a thickness in the third direction of 150-300 microns.

36. The gas sensor of claim 22, wherein, The third electrolyte layer comprises zirconium oxide and an additive, the additive comprising yttrium oxide, cerium oxide or calcium oxide.

37. A gas sensor according to claim 36, characterised in that, In the third electrolyte layer, the additive has a content of 5-10 mol%.

38. The gas sensor of claim 22, wherein, The first bonding portion has an area in a plan view in the third direction of 20-80% of an area of the first heterogeneous bonding layer in the plan view in the third direction, the third direction being the stacking direction of the third electrolyte layer and the first insulating layer.

39. The gas sensor of claim 22, wherein, Further comprising: a heating electrode located on a side of the first insulating layer away from the first heterogeneous bonding layer; a second insulating layer located on a side of the heating electrode away from the first insulating layer; a second heterogeneous bonding layer located between the second insulating layer and the second electrolyte layer, the second heterogeneous bonding layer comprising a third bonding portion and a fourth bonding portion connected in the same layer, the third bonding portion having a same material as the second insulating layer, and the fourth bonding portion having a same material as the second electrolyte layer.

40. A gas sensor according to claim 39, characterised in that, Further comprising: a second reinforcing layer located between the second heterogeneous bonding layer and the first electrolyte layer, and the second reinforcing layer having a same material as the first electrolyte layer.

41. The gas sensor of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a heating electrode located on a side of the second electrolyte layer away from the first electrolyte layer; The heating electrode extends in a first direction and comprises a heating portion, a buffer portion and a lead portion arranged in the first direction, the buffer portion being located between the heating portion and the lead portion, and the buffer portion having a total resistance less than a total resistance of the heating portion and greater than a total resistance of the lead portion.

42. A gas sensor according to claim 41, characterised in that, The heating portion has a total resistance of 55-65% of a total resistance of the heating electrode, the buffer portion has a total resistance of 15-30% of the total resistance of the heating electrode, and the lead portion has a total resistance of 15-30% of the total resistance of the heating electrode.

43. A gas sensor according to claim 41, characterised in that, The heating portion has a temperature of 400-800°C, the buffer portion has a temperature of 200-800°C, and the lead portion has a temperature less than 200°C.

44. The gas sensor of claim 41, wherein, The lead portion comprises a first sub-lead portion and a second sub-lead portion oppositely arranged in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; The buffer portion comprises a first sub-buffer portion connected to the first sub-lead portion and a second sub-buffer portion connected to the second sub-lead portion; The heating portion comprises a first end connected to the first sub-buffer portion and a second end connected to the second sub-buffer portion; The first sub-buffer portion gradually increases in size in the second direction from the first end to the first sub-lead portion, and the second sub-buffer portion gradually increases in size in the second direction from the second end to the second sub-lead portion.

45. A gas sensor according to claim 44, characterised in that, The minimum dimension of the first sub-buffer portion along the second direction is greater than or equal to the dimension of the first end along the second direction. The maximum dimension of the first sub-buffer portion along the second direction is less than or equal to the dimension of the first sub-lead portion along the second direction.

46. A gas sensor according to claim 44, characterised in that, The heating electrode further comprises a transition portion, the transition portion comprising a first sub-transition portion connected between the first sub-buffer portion and the first sub-lead portion, and a second sub-transition portion connected between the second sub-buffer portion and the second sub-lead portion. The dimension of the first sub-transition portion along the second direction gradually increases from the first sub-buffer portion to the first sub-lead portion, and the dimension of the second sub-transition portion along the second direction gradually increases from the second sub-buffer portion to the second sub-lead portion.

47. The gas sensor of claim 41, wherein, The dimension of the lead portion along the first direction is greater than the dimension of the heating portion along the first direction, and the dimension of the lead portion along the first direction is greater than the dimension of the buffer portion along the first direction.

48. A gas sensor according to claim 47, characterised in that, The resistivity of the buffer portion is greater than the resistivity of the lead portion.

49. A gas sensor according to claim 47, characterised in that, The heating portion further comprises a plurality of sub-heating portions arranged along the first direction, and the plurality of sub-heating portions are connected in series. The dimension of the heating portion along the first direction is greater than or equal to the dimension of the buffer portion along the first direction.

50. A gas sensor according to claim 49, characterised in that, The resistivity of the buffer portion is less than or equal to the resistivity of the heating portion.

51. A gas sensor according to claim 50, characterised in that, The resistivity of the heating portion is 35 μΩ·cm to 50 μΩ·cm, and the resistivity of the buffer portion is 10 μΩ·cm to 25 μΩ·cm.

52. A gas sensor according to claim 49, characterised in that, The dimension of the buffer portion along the first direction is 50% to 100% of the dimension of the heating portion along the first direction.

53. The gas sensor of claim 44, wherein, The heating electrode has a symmetry axis extending along the first direction, and the first sub-buffer portion and the second sub-buffer portion are symmetrical about the symmetry axis. The first sub-buffer portion has a first outer side surface away from the second sub-buffer portion, the heating portion has a second outer side surface connected with the first outer side surface, and the first outer side surface and the second outer side surface extend in the first direction, or the first outer side surface is located on a side of the second outer side surface close to the second sub-buffer portion.

54. A gas sensor according to claim 53, characterised in that, The first sub-buffer portion has an inner side surface close to the second sub-buffer portion, the inner side surface is a flat surface, or the inner side surface is a stepped surface.

55. A gas monitoring device, characterized by The gas sensor comprises the gas sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 54.

56. A vehicle characterized by The gas monitoring device comprises the gas sensor according to claim 55.

Images