Laboratory waste gas purification system and purification method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a laboratory waste gas purification system and a purification method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of laboratory gas treatment equipment. The gas treatment box is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber through a partition plate, and the partition plate is provided with a through hole for communicating the upper chamber with the lower chamber; an atomization sprayer is arranged on the top face in the gas treatment box, a water storage tank is arranged on the bottom face, a gas toxicity detector is arranged on the opening fan, and the detection end of the gas toxicity detector is located in the upper cavity and the lower cavity. The purification box is connected with a rotating shaft driven by a stepping motor, and the purification box is divided into six inner cavities by partition plates on the outer wall of the rotating shaft; and an automatic medicine injector and a sub-controller corresponding to the inner cavity are arranged at the front end of the purification box. Integrated control over the whole waste gas treatment process is achieved, it is guaranteed that treated gas reaches the standard and is discharged, operation is convenient and efficient, the system adaptation flexibility is improved, spraying liquid is recycled, and the air freshness in a laboratory and the safety and comfort of the environment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a laboratory exhaust gas purification system and purification method, belonging to the technical field of laboratory gas treatment equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Experiments in chemistry, materials and other related fields inevitably generate waste gases containing chemical dust, organic pollutants (such as benzene compounds), and acidic gases (such as sulfuric acid mist). These waste gases are complex in composition and highly hazardous. Even if the emissions are relatively small, if they are discharged directly without effective treatment, they will still cause serious pollution to the surrounding ecological environment and threaten the health of experimental personnel and people in the surrounding area.

[0003] Currently, conventional methods for treating laboratory waste gas mainly include combustion, adsorption, and condensation, but these methods have significant limitations: Firstly, the equipment occupies a large area and consumes a lot of energy. Due to limitations such as laboratory space and energy supply, it is difficult to widely apply it in various laboratories. Secondly, their treatment functions are limited, and most can only treat a certain type of pollutant, which cannot adapt to the diverse composition of laboratory exhaust gases. For mixed exhaust gases containing dust, acidic substances, and organic pollutants, the treatment effect is not good. Third, the lack of integrated design means that the waste gas treatment, effect detection, and process control are independent of each other, making it impossible to monitor the treatment process in real time, making it difficult to ensure that the treated gas meets emission standards, and also resulting in cumbersome operation and poor coordination. Fourth, existing technologies do not take into account the air circulation needs inside the laboratory, focusing only on exhaust gas treatment and failing to achieve the purification and replenishment of external fresh air. This makes it difficult to guarantee the freshness of the air inside the laboratory, affecting the safety and comfort of the experimental environment.

[0004] Furthermore, existing treatment equipment lacks flexibility in adapting to different types of waste gas, making it difficult to adjust treatment agents and processes according to the composition of the waste gas, resulting in low treatment efficiency and limited applicability. At the same time, most equipment lacks efficient gas-liquid separation and water recycling mechanisms, which not only increases water consumption but may also cause secondary pollution due to untimely wastewater treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a laboratory exhaust gas purification system and purification method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a laboratory exhaust gas purification system, comprising an assembly base, a connecting guide mechanism, a front-end processing mechanism, and an end-end purification mechanism; the front side of the assembly base is equipped with the guide mechanism, the front-end processing mechanism, and the end-end purification mechanism arranged in sequence.

[0007] Furthermore, the connection guiding mechanism includes a gas inlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe, an exhaust negative pressure drainage hood, and an intake negative pressure drainage hood; the inlet end of the gas inlet pipe is sealed and connected to the outlet end of the laboratory exhaust gas outlet pipe, and the outlet end of the gas inlet pipe is connected to the front-end processing mechanism through the intake negative pressure drainage hood; the front-end processing mechanism is connected to the inlet end of the gas outlet pipe through the exhaust negative pressure drainage hood, and the outlet end of the gas outlet pipe is connected to the laboratory ventilation channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the front-end processing mechanism includes a gas processing box, a second circulation pump, a first circulation pump, an atomizing sprayer, a partition plate, a water storage tank, and a gas toxicity detector. A partition plate is fixed in the middle of the gas processing box's inner cavity, dividing the inner cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The partition plate has multiple through holes connecting the upper and lower chambers. The upper chamber has a first air inlet and a first air outlet on each of its two side walls. The first air inlet is connected to an air intake negative pressure hood via corresponding pipes, and the first air outlet is connected to an end-of-line purification mechanism via corresponding pipes. The lower chamber has a second air inlet and a second air outlet on each of its two side walls. The second air inlet is connected to the end-of-line purification mechanism via corresponding pipes. The second air outlet is connected to the exhaust negative pressure drainage hood through corresponding pipelines, and each pipeline is equipped with an air pump; an atomizing sprayer is installed on the inner top surface of the gas treatment box, the liquid inlet of the atomizing sprayer is connected to the liquid outlet of the first circulation pump, and the liquid inlet of the first circulation pump is connected to the end purification mechanism; a water storage tank is installed on the bottom surface of the gas treatment box, the liquid outlet of the water storage tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the second circulation pump, and the liquid outlet of the second circulation pump is connected to the end purification mechanism; both the second circulation pump and the first circulation pump are fixed on the gas treatment box; the opening fan of the gas treatment box is located on the front side, and two gas toxicity detectors are installed on the opening fan, with the detection ends of the two gas toxicity detectors located in the upper chamber and the lower chamber of the gas treatment box, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, a filter cotton board is placed inside the water storage tank.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple internal flow channels are equidistantly provided in the middle of the inner side of the partition plate. The upper end of each internal flow channel is connected to a through hole at a corresponding position. Diversion channels are provided on both sides of the lower end of each internal flow channel, penetrating the lower surface of the partition plate. The liquid outlet end of each diversion channel is correspondingly provided to the water storage tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the terminal purification mechanism includes a purification box, a stepper motor, an automatic drug dispenser, a rotating shaft, partition plates, and a controller. The purification box is a circular box, with its center coaxially rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. Six partition plates are equidistantly fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the outer wall of each partition plate is sealed to the inner wall of the purification box. The six partition plates sequentially divide the inner cavity of the purification box into six independent inner cavities. The rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a stepper motor, which is fixed to the purification box. Two automatic drug dispensers and multiple controllers are fixed to the front end of the purification box. The dispensing ends of the two automatic drug dispensers and the detection ends of the multiple controllers are respectively located in the corresponding inner cavities. The controllers are used to monitor and control the purification status of each inner cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the side wall of the purification chamber is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the other end of the air inlet pipe extends to the external environment.

[0013] Furthermore, a filter cap is installed at the other end of the air inlet pipe.

[0014] The present invention discloses a purification method for a laboratory exhaust gas purification system, the method comprising the following steps: S1: The waste gas generated in the laboratory is introduced into the negative pressure intake hood through the gas inlet pipe. The waste gas in the negative pressure intake hood is sent into the upper chamber of the gas treatment box through the corresponding pipeline. S2: Start the atomizing sprayer to spray atomized liquid to form a water curtain, which adsorbs and filters out chemical dust and impurities in the exhaust gas; S3: The gas toxicity detector in the upper chamber performs toxicity detection on the filtered gas and obtains the concentration data of harmful components in the gas; when the concentration data of harmful components in the gas meets the standard, the filtered gas is discharged into the corresponding inner chamber through the corresponding pipeline; S4: At the same time, the sprayed liquid flows into the inner flow channel through the through holes of the partition plate, and then flows into the storage tank through the diversion channel; start the second circulation pump to extract the filtered liquid in the storage tank and transport it to the corresponding inner cavity; S5: The corresponding chemical neutralizing agent is injected into the inner cavity into which the filtered gas is discharged and the inner cavity into which the filtered liquid is discharged via an automatic injector. S6: Start the stepper motor to drive the rotating shaft and partition plate to rotate synchronously and intermittently, so that the six inner chambers in the purification box switch working states in sequence, so that the filtered gas and filtered liquid enter different inner chambers respectively; S7: The sub-controller monitors the reaction status of each cavity in real time; S8: The neutralized liquid is transported to the atomizing sprayer via circulating pump 1; S9: External air is introduced into the corresponding inner cavity through the air inlet pipe, mixed with the original treated gas, and then sent into the lower chamber of the gas treatment box through the corresponding pipeline. S10: The mixed gas passes through the water curtain in the gas treatment chamber for secondary dust filtration again, and then passes through the gas toxicity detector in the lower chamber for testing. If the test results show that the concentration of harmful components in the gas meets the standard, the purified clean gas is returned to the laboratory. If it does not meet the standard, S3-S9 are repeated until the gas test meets the standard.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention integrates a guiding mechanism, a front-end processing mechanism, and a terminal purification mechanism. Combined with the real-time monitoring and control functions of a gas toxicity detector and a separate controller, it solves the problems of independent and poorly coordinated processes in existing technologies for waste gas treatment, effect detection, and process control. This achieves integrated management of the entire waste gas treatment process, ensuring that treated gas meets emission standards, and offering convenient and efficient operation. The front-end uses a water curtain filtration system to efficiently remove chemical dust and impurities from the waste gas. The terminal uses a multi-independent internal cavity, an automatic dosing device, and a stepper motor-driven circulating treatment structure, adapting to the diverse composition of laboratory waste gases and effectively addressing the limitations of traditional treatment methods that are functionally limited and unable to handle mixed pollutants. To address the shortcomings of ineffective treatment, this system enhances its adaptability and flexibility. By constructing a closed-loop water circulation system using internal flow channels, diversion channels, and circulating pumps, it enables the recycling and reuse of spray liquid, reducing energy and water consumption and preventing secondary pollution caused by disorderly wastewater discharge. Simultaneously, it integrates external fresh air intake purification with laboratory exhaust gas purification and recirculation, solving the problem that existing technologies only focus on exhaust gas treatment and neglect indoor air circulation, thus improving air freshness, environmental safety, and comfort within the laboratory. Furthermore, its compact overall structure, integrated installation via mounting bases, adapts to laboratory space constraints, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional equipment's large footprint and limited widespread adoption, and possesses broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the front-end processing mechanism; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partition plate structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the purification chamber and the partition. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] A laboratory exhaust gas purification system includes an assembly base 1, a connecting guide mechanism, a front-end processing mechanism, and an end-end purification mechanism; the four corners of the middle part of the assembly base 1 are provided with connecting fixing positions 7, and the front side of the assembly base 1 is equipped with the guide mechanism, the front-end processing mechanism, and the end-end purification mechanism arranged in sequence.

[0019] Furthermore, the connection guiding mechanism includes a gas inlet pipe 201, a gas outlet pipe 203, an exhaust negative pressure drainage hood 204, and an intake negative pressure drainage hood 205. The inlet end of the gas inlet pipe 201 is sealed and connected to the outlet end of the laboratory exhaust gas outlet pipe via a sealing flange 206, and the outlet end of the gas inlet pipe 201 is connected to the front-end processing mechanism via the intake negative pressure drainage hood 205. The front-end processing mechanism is connected to the inlet end of the gas outlet pipe 203 via the exhaust negative pressure drainage hood 204, and the outlet end of the gas outlet pipe 203 is connected to the laboratory ventilation channel via a sealing flange 202. The rear ends of both the exhaust negative pressure drainage hood 204 and the intake negative pressure drainage hood 205 are connected to the mounting base 1 via connecting bolts.

[0020] Furthermore, the front-end processing mechanism includes a gas processing box 301, a second circulation pump 302, a first circulation pump 303, an atomizing sprayer 304, a partition plate 305, a water storage tank 308, and a gas toxicity detector 311; a partition plate 305 is detachably fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the gas processing box 301, the partition plate 305 divides the inner cavity of the gas processing box 301 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the partition plate 305 has a plurality of arrayed through holes 306 through its thickness direction connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber; the two side walls of the upper chamber are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet is connected to the air intake negative pressure drainage hood 205 through a corresponding pipeline, and the first air outlet is connected to the end purification mechanism through a corresponding pipeline; the two side walls of the lower chamber are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet is connected to the end purification mechanism through a corresponding pipeline, and the... The second air outlet is connected to the exhaust negative pressure drainage hood 204 via corresponding pipelines, and each pipeline is equipped with an air pump (not shown in the attached diagram); an atomizing sprayer 304 is installed on the inner top surface of the gas treatment box 301, the liquid inlet of the atomizing sprayer 304 is connected to the liquid outlet of the first circulation pump 303, and the liquid inlet of the first circulation pump 303 is connected to the end purification mechanism; a water storage tank 308 is installed on the bottom surface of the gas treatment box 301, the liquid outlet of the water storage tank 308 is connected to the liquid inlet of the second circulation pump 302, and the liquid outlet of the second circulation pump 302 is connected to the end purification mechanism; both the second circulation pump 302 and the first circulation pump 303 are fixed on the gas treatment box 301; the opening fan of the gas treatment box 301 is located on the front side, and two gas toxicity detectors 311 are installed on the opening fan, with the detection ends of the two gas toxicity detectors 311 located in the upper chamber and the lower chamber of the gas treatment box 301, respectively. The four rear corners of the gas handling box 301 are connected to the mounting base 1 by anchor bolts.

[0021] The gas toxicity detector 311 can detect the gas after it has been treated in the gas treatment box 301, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent purification of harmful gases and improving the overall safety of the equipment during use.

[0022] Furthermore, a filter cotton plate 307 is placed inside the water storage tank 308, which filters and adsorbs dust and impurities in the water in the water storage tank 308.

[0023] Furthermore, multiple internal flow channels 309 are equidistantly provided in the middle of the inner side of the partition plate 305. The upper end of each internal flow channel 309 is connected to the corresponding through hole 306. The two sides of the lower end of each internal flow channel 309 are provided with diversion channels 310 that penetrate the lower surface of the partition plate 305. The liquid outlet of each diversion channel 310 is correspondingly provided with a water storage tank 308, which is used to guide the liquid in the internal flow channel 309 to the water storage tank 308, thereby optimizing the recycling efficiency of spray wastewater, enhancing the gas-liquid separation effect, protecting downstream components, and improving system stability.

[0024] Furthermore, the terminal purification mechanism includes a purification box 501, a stepper motor 503, an automatic drug dispenser 504, a rotating shaft 510, partition plates 513, and a controller 514. The purification box 501 is a circular box, and its rear center is connected to the mounting base 1 via connecting bolts. The center of the purification box 501 is coaxially rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 510 via bearings. Six partition plates 513 are equidistantly fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 510. The outer wall of each partition plate 513 is sealed to the inner wall of the purification box 501. The six partition plates 513 sequentially divide the inner cavity of the purification box 501 into six independent inner cavities 506. The wheel-type circulation treatment method improves the speed of laboratory air circulation treatment. The rotating shaft 510 is driven to rotate by a stepper motor 503, which is fixed to the purification box 501 by a mounting plate 502. Two automatic drug dispensers 504 and multiple sub-controllers 514 are fixed at the front end of the purification box 501. The drug dispensing ends of the two automatic drug dispensers 504 and the detection ends of the multiple sub-controllers 514 are respectively set in the corresponding inner cavities 506. The sub-controllers 514 are used to monitor and control the purification treatment status of each inner cavity 506.

[0025] The pressure, liquid level, and reagent concentration data of each cavity 506 in the purification box 501 are obtained in real time by the sub-controller 514. Combined with the detection results of the gas toxicity detector 311, the speed of the stepper motor 503, the output power of the first circulation pump 303 and the second circulation pump 302, and the injection rate of the two automatic injectors 504 are dynamically adjusted to ensure stable gas purification efficiency and treatment effect.

[0026] During use, the user can replace the drugs loaded inside the automatic dosing device 504, which allows it to purify different harmful chemical gases. This not only improves the overall gas treatment effect of the equipment, but also enhances the overall adaptability of the device.

[0027] Furthermore, the side wall of the purification chamber 501 is connected to the air inlet pipe 4, which is a hollow tubular structure; the other end of the air inlet pipe 4 extends to the external environment to introduce external air into the corresponding inner cavity 506; the pipe body of the air inlet pipe 4 is detachably and fixedly connected to the side wall of the purification chamber 501, and a sealing element is provided at the connection.

[0028] Furthermore, a filter cover 6 is detachably installed at the other end of the air inlet pipe 4 (the end away from the purification box 501) by means of threads. The filter cover 6 has a hollow mesh structure and a filter screen is provided on its inner side to perform preliminary dust filtration on the external air entering the air inlet pipe 4 and intercept large particulate impurities in the air. The outer diameter of the filter cover 6 is adapted to the outer diameter of the air inlet pipe 4, and the end face of the filter cover 6 is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0029] The present invention discloses a purification method for a laboratory exhaust gas purification system, the method comprising the following steps: S1: The waste gas generated in the laboratory is introduced into the negative pressure hood 205 through the gas inlet pipe 201. The waste gas in the negative pressure hood 205 is sent into the upper chamber of the gas treatment box 301 through the corresponding pipeline. S2: Start the atomizing sprayer 304 to spray atomized liquid to form a water curtain, which adsorbs and filters out chemical dust and impurities in the exhaust gas. S3: The gas toxicity detector 311 in the upper chamber performs toxicity detection on the filtered gas and obtains the concentration data of harmful gas components; when the concentration data of harmful gas components meets the standard, the filtered gas is discharged into the corresponding inner chamber 506 through the corresponding pipeline. S4: At the same time, the sprayed liquid flows into the inner flow channel 309 through the through hole 306 of the partition plate 305, and then flows into the water storage tank 308 through the diversion channel 310; the second circulation pump 302 is started to extract the filtered liquid in the water storage tank 308 and transport it to the corresponding inner cavity 506. S5: The corresponding chemical neutralizing agents are injected into the inner cavity 506 where the filtered gas is discharged and the inner cavity 506 where the filtered liquid is discharged through the automatic injector 504 to reduce the concentration of harmful components. S6: Start the stepper motor 503 to drive the rotating shaft 510 and the partition plate 513 to rotate synchronously and intermittently, so that the six inner chambers 506 in the purification box 501 switch working states in sequence, so that the filtered gas and filtered liquid enter different inner chambers 506 respectively. S7: The sub-controller 514 monitors the reaction status of each inner cavity 506 in real time; S8: The neutralized liquid is transported to the atomizing sprayer 304 via the circulation pump 303; S9: External air is introduced into the corresponding inner cavity 506 through the air inlet pipe 4. After mixing with the original treated gas, it is sent into the lower chamber of the gas treatment box 301 through the corresponding pipeline. S10: The mixed gas passes through the water curtain in the gas treatment box 301 for secondary dust filtration again, and then passes through the gas toxicity detector 311 in the lower chamber for detection. If the detection result shows that the concentration of harmful components in the gas meets the standard, the purified clean gas is returned to the laboratory. If it does not meet the standard, S3-S9 are repeated until the gas detection meets the standard.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0031] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A laboratory exhaust gas purification system, characterized in that: It includes an assembly base (1), a connecting guide mechanism, a front-end processing mechanism, and an end-end purification mechanism; the front side of the assembly base (1) is equipped with the guide mechanism, the front-end processing mechanism, and the end-end purification mechanism arranged in sequence.

2. The laboratory exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection guiding mechanism includes a gas inlet pipe (201), a gas outlet pipe (203), an exhaust negative pressure drainage hood (204), and an intake negative pressure drainage hood (205). The inlet end of the gas inlet pipe (201) is sealed and connected to the outlet end of the laboratory exhaust pipe, and the outlet end of the gas inlet pipe (201) is connected to the front-end processing mechanism through the intake negative pressure drainage hood (205). The front-end processing mechanism is connected to the inlet end of the gas outlet pipe (203) through the exhaust negative pressure drainage hood (204), and the outlet end of the gas outlet pipe (203) is connected to the laboratory ventilation channel.

3. The laboratory exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front-end processing mechanism includes a gas processing box (301), a second circulation pump (302), a first circulation pump (303), an atomizing sprayer (304), a partition plate (305), a water storage tank (308), and a gas toxicity detector (311). A partition plate (305) is fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the gas processing box (301). The partition plate (305) divides the inner cavity of the gas processing box (301) into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The partition plate (305) has multiple through holes (306) connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber. The upper chamber has a first air inlet and a first air outlet on each of its two side walls. The first air inlet is connected to the intake negative pressure hood (205) via a corresponding pipeline, and the first air outlet is connected to the end purification mechanism via a corresponding pipeline. The lower chamber has a second air inlet and a second air outlet on each of its two side walls. The second air inlet is connected to the end purification mechanism via a corresponding pipeline, and the second air outlet is connected to the exhaust negative pressure hood. The flow hood (204) is connected to the corresponding pipeline, and each pipeline is equipped with an air pump; an atomizing sprayer (304) is installed on the inner top surface of the gas treatment box (301), the liquid inlet of the atomizing sprayer (304) is connected to the liquid outlet of the first circulation pump (303), and the liquid inlet of the first circulation pump (303) is connected to the end purification mechanism; a water storage tank (308) is installed on the bottom surface of the gas treatment box (301), and the liquid outlet of the water storage tank (308) is connected to the circulation pump (303). The inlet end of the second pump (302) is connected to the liquid inlet, and the outlet end of the second circulating pump (302) is connected to the end purification mechanism. The second circulating pump (302) and the first circulating pump (303) are both fixed on the gas treatment box (301). The opening fan of the gas treatment box (301) is located on the front side, and two gas toxicity detectors (311) are installed on the opening fan. The detection ends of the two gas toxicity detectors (311) are located in the upper chamber and the lower chamber of the gas treatment box (301), respectively.

4. The laboratory exhaust gas purification system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A filter cotton plate (307) is placed inside the water storage tank (308).

5. The laboratory exhaust gas purification system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple internal flow channels (309) are equidistantly provided in the middle of the inner side of the partition plate (305). The upper end of each internal flow channel (309) is connected to the corresponding through hole (306). The two sides of the lower end of each internal flow channel (309) are provided with a diversion channel (310) that penetrates the lower surface of the partition plate (305). The liquid outlet end of each diversion channel (310) is correspondingly provided to the water storage tank (308).

6. The laboratory exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal purification mechanism includes a purification box (501), a stepper motor (503), an automatic dispensing device (504), a rotating shaft (510), partition plates (513), and a controller (514). The purification box (501) is a circular box, and the middle part of the purification box (501) is coaxially rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (510). Six partition plates (513) are equidistantly fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (510). The outer side wall of each partition plate (513) is sealed and fitted to the inner side wall of the purification box (501). The six partition plates (513) connect the purification box (501) to the inner side wall of the purification box (501). 1) The inner cavity is divided into six independent inner cavities (506) in sequence; the rotating shaft (510) is driven to rotate by a stepper motor (503), which is fixed on the purification box (501); two automatic drug dispensers (504) and multiple sub-controllers (514) are fixed at the front end of the purification box (501). The drug dispensing end of the two automatic drug dispensers (504) and the detection end of the multiple sub-controllers (514) are respectively set in the corresponding inner cavity (506). The sub-controllers (514) are used to monitor and control the purification treatment status of each inner cavity (506).

7. A laboratory exhaust gas purification system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side wall of the purification box (501) is connected to the air inlet pipe (4), and the other end of the air inlet pipe (4) extends to the external environment.

8. A laboratory exhaust gas purification system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A filter cap (6) is installed at the other end of the air inlet pipe (4).

9. A purification method for a laboratory exhaust gas purification system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: The waste gas generated in the laboratory is introduced into the negative pressure hood (205) through the gas inlet pipe (201), and the waste gas in the negative pressure hood (205) is sent into the upper chamber of the gas treatment box (301) through the corresponding pipeline. S2: Start the atomizing sprayer (304) to spray atomized liquid to form a water curtain, which adsorbs and filters out chemical dust and impurities in the exhaust gas; S3: The gas toxicity detector (311) corresponding to the upper chamber performs toxicity detection on the filtered gas and obtains the concentration data of harmful gas components; when the concentration data of harmful gas components meets the standard, the filtered gas is discharged into the corresponding inner chamber (506) through the corresponding pipeline. S4: At the same time, the sprayed liquid flows into the inner flow channel (309) through the through hole (306) of the partition plate (305), and then flows into the water storage tank (308) through the diversion channel (310); the second circulation pump (302) is started to extract the filtered liquid in the water storage tank (308) and transport it to the corresponding inner cavity (506); S5: The corresponding chemical neutralizing agents are injected into the inner cavity (506) into which the filtered gas is discharged and the inner cavity (506) into which the filtered liquid is discharged, respectively, through the automatic injector (504); S6: Start the stepper motor (503) to drive the rotating shaft (510) and the partition plate (513) to rotate synchronously and intermittently, so that the six inner chambers (506) in the purification box (501) switch working states in sequence, so that the filtered gas and filtered liquid enter different inner chambers (506) respectively. S7: The sub-controller (514) monitors the reaction status of each inner cavity (506) in real time; S8: The neutralized liquid is transported to the atomizing sprayer (304) through the circulation pump (303). S9: The air inlet pipe (4) introduces external air into the corresponding inner cavity (506), mixes it with the original treated gas, and then sends it into the lower chamber of the gas treatment box (301) through the corresponding pipeline. S10: The mixed gas passes through the water curtain in the gas treatment box (301) for secondary dust filtration again, and is then tested by the gas toxicity detector (311) in the lower chamber. If the test results show that the concentration of harmful components in the gas meets the standard, the purified clean gas is returned to the laboratory. If the standard is not met, repeat steps S3-S9 until the gas detection meets the standard.

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