Positioning and clamping device

Abstract

The invention discloses a positioning and clamping device, which comprises a plurality of screw rods, a plurality of positioning and clamping devices, a plurality of positioning and clamping devices, a plurality of positioning and clamping devices and a plurality of positioning and clamping devices, and is characterized in that the screw rods are arranged on a workbench at intervals and penetrate through the outer ring of a part; the adjustable nut is arranged on the periphery of the screw in a sleeving manner, is arranged at the bottom of the outer ring of the part and is used for adjusting the height between the part and the workbench; the locking nut is arranged on the periphery of the screw rod in a sleeving manner, is arranged below the adjustable nut and is used for fixing the height of the adjustable nut after adjustment; and the compression nut is arranged on the periphery of the screw rod in a sleeving manner, is arranged at the top of the outer ring of the part and is used for compressing the part. According to the device, the auxiliary hole in the outer ring of the part is matched with the screw rod, the adjustable nut, the locking nut and the pressing nut, and stable clamping of the large part is achieved; the design of the adjustable nut is adopted, accurate adjustment can be conducted according to the height sizes of different parts, and the clamping stability and reliability are ensured; the device is high in universality, simple in structure and convenient to quickly deploy and reuse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and more specifically, to a positioning and clamping device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of large precision parts machining, especially for parts with large diameters and high precision requirements such as ship propellers and aero-engine rotors, clamping has always been a bottleneck restricting machining quality. Traditional clamping methods often fail to meet the requirements of clamping stability and accuracy when dealing with large parts that are close to the size of the worktable.

[0003] In existing technologies, the clamping of large parts mainly adopts the following methods: 1. Specialized large fixtures: High cost, poor versatility, and unsuitable for single-piece or small-batch production; 2. Segmented clamping: This can easily cause clamping deformation, affecting machining accuracy; 3. Add auxiliary support: Insufficient stability makes it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision machining.

[0004] Especially in five-axis machining, the complexity of toolpaths and the variability of cutting force directions during machining place higher demands on clamping stability. When the part size approaches the limits of the worktable, traditional clamping methods often fail to provide sufficient stability and rigidity, leading to decreased machining accuracy and even machining accidents. Therefore, a new clamping solution is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a positioning and clamping device to solve the problems of complex clamping, poor stability, and poor versatility in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a positioning and clamping device, comprising: multiple screws spaced apart on a worktable and passing through the outer ring of a part; an adjustable nut fitted around the screws and positioned at the bottom of the outer ring of the part, for adjusting the height between the part and the worktable; a locking nut fitted around the screws and positioned below the adjustable nut, for fixing the adjusted height; and a clamping nut fitted around the screws and positioned at the top of the outer ring of the part, for clamping the part.

[0007] Optionally, the outer ring of the part is a circular ring structure, and multiple through process holes are provided on the outer ring of the part for the screw to pass through.

[0008] Optionally, all of the process holes are equally spaced around the center of the outer ring of the part.

[0009] Optionally, all of the process holes correspond one-to-one with all of the screws.

[0010] Optionally, a T-slot is provided on the worktable for fixing the bottom protrusion of the screw.

[0011] Optionally, the adjustable nut, locking nut, and clamping nut are threadedly connected to the screw.

[0012] Optionally, the process hole is a threaded hole.

[0013] Optionally, the adjustable nut contacts the bottom of the outer ring of the part.

[0014] Optionally, the screw includes: an integrally formed first stud, a second stud, and a protrusion; the adjustable nut, locking nut, and clamping nut are sleeved on the first stud; the bottom surface of the second stud is in contact with the top surface of the worktable.

[0015] Optionally, the diameter of the second stud is at least twice the diameter of the first stud.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a positioning and clamping device, comprising: multiple screws spaced apart on a worktable and passing through the outer ring of a part; an adjustable nut fitted around the screws and positioned at the bottom of the outer ring of the part, for adjusting the height between the part and the worktable; a locking nut fitted around the screws and positioned below the adjustable nut, for fixing the adjusted height; and a clamping nut fitted around the screws and positioned at the top of the outer ring of the part, for clamping the part. This device, through the process holes on the outer ring of the part and the screws, adjustable nuts, locking nuts, and clamping nuts, achieves stable clamping of large parts, solving the problem of clamping difficulties encountered by traditional methods. The adjustable nut design allows for precise adjustment according to the height dimensions of different parts, ensuring clamping stability and reliability. This device is highly versatile, simple in structure, and easy to deploy and reuse quickly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a positioning and clamping device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a positioning and clamping device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of a positioning and clamping device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Symbol explanation: Screw-1, Adjustable nut-2, Locking nut-3, Clamping nut-4, Part-5, Worktable-6, First stud-11, Second stud-12, Protrusion-13, T-slot-61. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] In the field of machining large precision parts, especially for parts with large diameters and high precision requirements, such as ship propellers and aero-engine rotors, clamping has always been a bottleneck restricting machining quality. Traditional clamping methods often fail to meet the requirements of clamping stability and accuracy when dealing with large parts that are close to the size of the worktable.

[0021] In the existing technology, the clamping of large parts 5 is mainly carried out in the following ways: 1. Specialized large fixtures: High cost, poor versatility, and unsuitable for single-piece or small-batch production; 2. Segmented clamping: This can easily cause clamping deformation, affecting machining accuracy; 3. Add auxiliary support: Insufficient stability makes it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision machining.

[0022] Especially in five-axis machining, the complex toolpaths and variable cutting force directions during the machining process place higher demands on clamping stability. When the part's dimension 5 approaches the limit dimension of the worktable 6, traditional clamping methods often cannot provide sufficient stability and rigidity, leading to decreased machining accuracy or even machining accidents.

[0023] Taking the machining of aluminum alloy rotors as an example, a large part 5 with a diameter of 1200mm and a maximum thickness of 297mm requires a national standard S-level precision (the highest precision level for propellers) for five-axis machining on a worktable 6 with a diameter of only 1250mm. Traditional clamping methods simply cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, a new clamping solution is urgently needed.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a positioning and clamping device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a positioning and clamping device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of a positioning and clamping device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1-3 As shown, the device includes: 1. Screw 1, wherein multiple screws 1 are provided, all of which are spaced apart on the worktable 6 and pass through the outer ring of part 5; In an optional embodiment, the outer ring of the part 5 is an annular structure, and a plurality of through process holes are provided on the outer ring of the part 5 for the screw 1 to pass through.

[0025] A T-slot 61 is provided on the workbench 6 for fixing the bottom protrusion 13 of the screw 1.

[0026] First, process holes are machined on the outer ring of part 5. The number of process holes should be the same as the number of T-slots 61 on the worktable 6, and their positions should correspond. Furthermore, all of the process holes correspond one-to-one with all of the screws 1. Even further, the process holes are threaded holes; the diameter of the process holes should be determined according to the diameter of the selected screw 1, generally 0.1-0.2 mm larger than the screw 1 diameter to ensure appropriate assembly clearance.

[0027] The process holes should be evenly distributed on the outer ring of part 5 to ensure a uniform distribution of clamping force. That is, all the process holes are equally spaced around the center of the outer ring of part 5.

[0028] Furthermore, the screw 1 is a key component connecting part 5 and worktable 6. The screw 1 is made of high-strength alloy steel, such as 40Cr or 42CrMo, and has a heat treatment hardness of HRC35-40.

[0029] 2. Adjustable nut 2, which is sleeved around the screw 1 and located at the bottom of the outer ring of the part 5, for adjusting the height between the part 5 and the worktable 6; In an optional embodiment, the adjustable nut 2 contacts the bottom of the outer ring of the part 5. The adjustable nut 2 is threadedly connected to the screw 1, and the height between the part 5 and the worktable 6 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjustable nut 2 on the screw 1 (i.e., moving it up or down along the screw 1).

[0030] 3. Locking nut 3, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the screw 1 and located below the adjustable nut 2, is used to fix the height of the adjustable nut 2 after adjustment; The locking nut 3 plays a crucial role in locking and fixing the adjustable height of the adjustable nut 2. The locking nut 3 is sleeved on the outside of each screw rod 1 and located below the adjustable nut 2. The locking nut 3 and the screw rod 1 are connected by a standard thread, with its internal thread precisely engaging with the external thread of the screw rod 1 to ensure no slippage or loosening when tightened.

[0031] During the actual clamping process, the operator first adjusts the initial positioning of part 5 by rotating the adjustable nut 2 according to the actual height of part 5 and the relative distance between the worktable 6 and the worktable 6. After the positioning height is adjusted to the required position, in order to prevent the adjustable nut 2 from shifting due to vibration, external force or other factors during the processing, the locking nut 3 below it is used to lock it, firmly clamping the adjustable nut 2 in the preset position.

[0032] 4. A clamping nut 4 is sleeved around the screw 1 and located on the top of the outer ring of the part 5, for clamping the part 5.

[0033] The clamping nut 4 is used to apply axial pressure from above the outer ring of part 5 to ensure the stability and position of part 5 during machining. The clamping nut 4 is a detachable component, sleeved on the outside of the screw 1 and located above the outer ring of the part 5, forming a clamping connection between the top of the part 5 and the screw 1. The clamping nut 4 is threadedly connected to the screw 1, and by rotating and tightening, the clamping nut 4 directly compresses the outer ring of the part 5 axially, thereby firmly pressing the part 5 onto the bottom support structure composed of the adjustable nut 2 and the locking nut 3.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the screw 1 includes: an integrally formed first stud 11, a second stud 12, and a protrusion 13; the adjustable nut 2, the locking nut 3, and the clamping nut 4 are sleeved on the first stud 11; the bottom surface of the second stud 12 is in contact with the top surface of the worktable 6.

[0035] The diameter of the second stud 12 is at least twice the diameter of the first stud 11.

[0036] The first stud 11 is located on the upper part of the screw 1. The first stud 11 is a threaded rod segment with a standard thread on its outer surface to facilitate nut installation. The adjustable nut 2, locking nut 3 and clamping nut 4 in this application are all sleeved on the first stud 11 and can slide and be positioned axially, so as to realize the positioning, locking and clamping operation of part 5.

[0037] The second stud 12 is located at the bottom of the first stud 11, with its bottom surface in direct contact with the top surface of the worktable 6, and serves as the main load-bearing component of the clamping device. To enhance structural strength and contact stability, the diameter of the second stud 12 is designed to be at least twice the diameter of the first stud 11, preferably in the range of 2.0 to 2.5 times. This large-diameter structure not only improves the load-bearing capacity but also significantly increases the contact area with the worktable 6, thereby enhancing the shock resistance and stability of the entire clamping system.

[0038] The bottom protrusion 13 of the screw 1 is an integrally formed T-shaped block. Its cross-sectional structure is precisely matched with the cross-sectional shape of the T-shaped groove 61 of the worktable 6, and it can be embedded in the T-shaped groove 61 to achieve the functions of limiting and locking.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a positioning and clamping device, comprising: multiple screws 1, all of which are spaced apart on a worktable 6 and pass through the outer ring of a part 5; an adjustable nut 2, which is sleeved around the screws 1 and located at the bottom of the outer ring of the part 5, for adjusting the height between the part 5 and the worktable 6; a locking nut 3, which is sleeved around the screws 1 and located below the adjustable nut 2, for fixing the adjusted height of the adjustable nut 2; and a clamping nut 4, which is sleeved around the screws 1 and located at the top of the outer ring of the part 5, for clamping the part 5. This device achieves stable clamping of large parts 5 by using the process holes on the outer ring of part 5 in conjunction with screw 1, adjustable nut 2, locking nut 3, and clamping nut 4, solving the problem that traditional methods cannot clamp parts 5. The design of adjustable nut 2 can be precisely adjusted according to the different height dimensions of parts 5, ensuring the stability and reliability of clamping. The device is highly versatile, simple in structure, and easy to deploy and reuse quickly.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping device, characterized in that, include: A screw, wherein multiple screws are provided, all of which are spaced apart on the worktable and pass through the outer ring of the part; An adjustable nut is sleeved around the screw and located at the bottom of the outer ring of the part, used to adjust the height between the part and the worktable; A locking nut is sleeved around the outside of the screw and located below the adjustable nut, used to fix the height after the adjustable nut is adjusted; A clamping nut is fitted around the screw and positioned on top of the outer ring of the part to clamp the part.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the part is a circular ring structure, and multiple through process holes are provided on the outer ring of the part for the screw to pass through.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: All of the process holes are equally spaced around the center of the outer ring of the part.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: All of the process holes correspond one-to-one with all of the screws.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A T-slot is provided on the worktable for fixing the bottom protrusion of the screw.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable nut, locking nut, and clamping nut are threadedly connected to the screw.

7. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process hole is a threaded hole.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable nut contacts the bottom of the outer ring of the part.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw includes: an integrally formed first stud, a second stud, and a protrusion; the adjustable nut, locking nut, and clamping nut are sleeved on the first stud; the bottom surface of the second stud is in contact with the top surface of the worktable.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diameter of the second stud is at least twice the diameter of the first stud.

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