A toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber and its application

Abstract

This application discloses a toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber and its applications. On one hand, this application provides a toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber, wherein the raw material components of the toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber are proportioned as follows: 100 parts PET resin, 6-12 parts modified carbon nanofibers, 2-6 parts nano-titanium dioxide, 12-18 parts maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, 16-24 parts modified magnesium hydroxide, 6-12 parts coated ammonium polyphosphate, 4-8 parts hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.3-0.5 parts composite antioxidant. On the other hand, this application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber and its applications. This fiber exhibits excellent toughness and abrasion resistance, as well as superior strength and mechanical properties. It also possesses excellent flame retardancy and can be widely used in the field of automotive interior textile fabrics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of textile materials technology, and in particular to a toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber and its applications. Background Technology

[0002] With the booming development of the new energy vehicle industry, since 2016, my country has successively established numerous new energy vehicle companies, with production capacity reaching millions of vehicles annually. While promoting new energy vehicles, new materials for automotive interiors have also attracted significant attention. According to relevant domestic statistics, each car consumes approximately 20-50 kg of textile materials, totaling over 450,000 tons annually. Among these, polyester fiber, with its excellent mechanical properties, wrinkle resistance, ease of dyeing, and good dimensional stability, has become one of the most important fiber materials for automotive interior fabrics.

[0003] Polyester fiber, scientifically known as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber, is a synthetic fiber. With its excellent physical and mechanical properties, relatively low cost, and mature processing technology, it is one of the world's largest-produced and most widely used synthetic fibers. However, traditional polyester fiber has certain deficiencies in toughness and abrasion resistance, and lacks flame retardancy, which presents certain limitations for its application in the new energy vehicle field.

[0004] Existing technologies have addressed the aforementioned issues, with improvements primarily focused on flame retardancy due to the flammability of new energy vehicles. Furthermore, based on the numerous functional requirements of modern automobiles, functional polyester fibers with antibacterial, stain-resistant, and antistatic properties have been developed. These modified polyester fibers are mostly achieved through physical blending, specifically by incorporating functional additives (such as flame retardants, antibacterial agents, and antistatic agents). While this modification can impart various functions to the fibers, it can also reduce the material's mechanical properties due to issues such as component compatibility.

[0005] Developing polyester fibers with excellent mechanical properties and functionalization is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems and to develop a polyester textile fabric for automotive interiors that has excellent toughness and wear resistance, as well as superior strength and flame retardancy, this application provides a toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber and its application.

[0007] On one hand, this application provides a toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber, wherein the raw material components of the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber are proportioned as follows: 100 parts of PET resin, 6-12 parts of modified nano carbon fiber, 2-6 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 12-18 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 16-24 parts of modified magnesium hydroxide, 6-12 parts of coated ammonium polyphosphate, 4-8 parts of hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.3-0.5 parts of composite antioxidant.

[0008] Optionally, the raw material components of the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber are proportioned as follows: 100 parts PET resin, 8-10 parts modified nano carbon fiber, 4-5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 14-16 parts maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 20-22 parts modified magnesium hydroxide, 8-10 parts coated ammonium polyphosphate, 5-6 parts hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.3-0.5 parts composite antioxidant.

[0009] Optionally, the modified carbon nanofibers are aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers.

[0010] Optionally, the preparation of the aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers includes the following steps:

[0011] Sa, place the carbon nanofibers in hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 25-30% and activate them at a temperature of 60-65℃ for more than 8 hours to obtain activated carbon nanofibers;

[0012] Sb: Dissolve isocyanate in toluene to prepare a 5-10% solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate to a final concentration of 0.2-0.5%, and mix thoroughly to obtain the reaction solution;

[0013] Sc. The activated carbon nanofibers obtained in step Sa are placed in the reaction solution obtained in step Sb and reacted at 40~45℃ for more than 1.5h. The reacted carbon nanofibers are filtered out, washed with toluene, and dried under vacuum at 80~85℃ to constant weight to obtain aliphatic isocyanate modified carbon nanofibers.

[0014] Optionally, the aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers have a length of 30-50 μm and a single filament diameter of 150-200 nm.

[0015] Optionally, the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide is 15~30nm.

[0016] Optionally, the composite antioxidant is selected from antioxidant B225.

[0017] Optionally, the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber raw material component also includes nano-kaolin, and the amount of nano-kaolin added is 3 to 4 parts.

[0018] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. Preparation of modified carbon nanofibers;

[0020] S2. Mix the formulated amounts of PET resin, maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, nano titanium dioxide and composite antioxidant evenly, add to a twin-screw extruder, and after melt dispersion, extrusion, cooling and pelletizing, obtain the base material masterbatch;

[0021] S3. Weigh the remaining raw materials according to the formula, mix them thoroughly, and obtain the premix;

[0022] S4. Weigh the base masterbatch obtained in step S2 and the premix obtained in step S3 according to the formula, add them to a twin-screw extruder, and after melting, dispersing, extruding, cooling and pelletizing, functionalized polyester masterbatch is obtained.

[0023] S5. The functionalized polyester masterbatch obtained in step S4 is processed by hot melt spinning to obtain toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber.

[0024] Thirdly, this application provides the application of the aforementioned toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber in the field of automotive interior textile fabrics.

[0025] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. This application constructs a flame-retardant modification system using modified magnesium hydroxide and coated ammonium polyphosphate. Through blending modification, it endows polyester fiber materials with excellent flame-retardant properties. At the same time, modified carbon nanofibers are added to the material system of this application, which are well compatible with PET resin and effectively improve the wear resistance and toughness of the material.

[0027] 2. This application incorporates composite antioxidants and nano-titanium dioxide into the material system, effectively ensuring the photothermal aging resistance of polyester fibers.

[0028] 3. In this application, hydroxylated carbon nanotubes are added as functional fillers to the material system, and maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer is added as a compatibilizer. The chemical properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer can form a good interface with modified magnesium hydroxide, nano titanium dioxide and hydroxylated carbon nanotubes. While effectively ensuring good compatibility of each component, it can further improve the wear resistance and toughness of the material. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0030] This application provides a toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber, wherein the raw material components of the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber are proportioned as follows: 100 parts of PET resin, 6-12 parts of modified nano carbon fiber, 2-6 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 12-18 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 16-24 parts of modified magnesium hydroxide, 6-12 parts of coated ammonium polyphosphate, 4-8 parts of hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.3-0.5 parts of composite antioxidant.

[0031] The preparation method of the above-mentioned toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber includes the following steps:

[0032] S1. Preparation of modified carbon nanofibers;

[0033] S2. Mix the formulated amounts of PET resin, maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, nano titanium dioxide and composite antioxidant evenly, add to a twin-screw extruder, and after melt dispersion, extrusion, cooling and pelletizing, obtain the base material masterbatch;

[0034] S3. Weigh the remaining raw materials according to the formula, mix them thoroughly, and obtain the premix;

[0035] S4. Weigh the base masterbatch obtained in step S2 and the premix obtained in step S3 according to the formula, add them to a twin-screw extruder, and after melting, dispersing, extruding, cooling and pelletizing, functionalized polyester masterbatch is obtained.

[0036] S5. The functionalized polyester masterbatch obtained in step S4 is processed by hot melt spinning to obtain toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber.

[0037] The aforementioned toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fibers are mainly used in the field of automotive interior textile fabrics.

[0038] Prior to this application, in existing technologies, functionalized polyester fibers prepared using physical blending modification based on the characteristics of PET resin required precise control of the amount of functionalizing auxiliaries added to balance material performance and functionalization needs. Given the flammability of new energy vehicles, flame retardancy is a key focus of improvement, generally requiring the limiting oxygen index of textile fiber fabrics to reach above 26%, achieving the level of flame-retardant materials. Therefore, the amount of flame retardant added is generally large, which severely affects the basic properties of polyester materials, leading to insufficient abrasion resistance and toughness, and a significant decrease in strength. Insufficient abrasion resistance and toughness of the fibers result in insufficient durability of automotive interior fabrics, making them prone to wear and breakage. While incorporating functional fiber fillers can theoretically solve these problems to some extent, this further increases the amount of functionalizing auxiliaries added, and the incompatibility of various raw material components leads to poor practical results.

[0039] The applicant, through a rational formulation design, added specific functional modified filler ratios, introduced modified carbon nanofibers and hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and used maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomers as functional compatibilizers, effectively solving the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art. The modified carbon nanofibers introduced in this application exhibit good compatibility with PET resin, effectively improving the toughness of the fiber material. The introduction of hydroxylated carbon nanotubes improves the wear resistance of the recrystallized PET resin. Maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomers, as functional compatibilizers, can form good interfacial bonds with many functional additives and effectively ensure good compatibility among the raw material components. The elastomer's own properties further enhance the toughness of the fiber material. The above design of this application effectively solves the balance problem between functional modification and basic performance improvement of fiber materials, resulting in a certain improvement in all aspects of the fiber material's properties, and also exhibiting excellent flame retardancy.

[0040] The following are preparation examples and embodiments of this application.

[0041] The main raw materials used in the embodiments of this application are all commercially available.

[0042] Among them, PET resin was purchased from Hubei Jusheng Technology Co., Ltd.; 30~50μm carbon nanofibers (single filament diameter of 150~200nm) were purchased from Beijing Deco Island Gold Technology Co., Ltd.; rutile nano-titanium dioxide, 15~30nm, was purchased from Beijing Deco Island Gold Technology Co., Ltd.; maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, POE-g-MAH, model Dow GR216, grafting rate 0.5~1.0%, was purchased from Shanghai Tiansu Trading Co., Ltd.; hydroxylated carbon nanotubes were purchased from Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; modified magnesium hydroxide, model SS-MH6PG, particle size 1.0~2.0μm, was purchased from Qinghe County Ruijiang Metal Materials Co., Ltd.; coated ammonium polyphosphate, phosphorus content of about 30%, average particle size of 5μm, was purchased from Shanghai Huanyang Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.; composite antioxidant, BASF B225 (50% antioxidant 1010 content, 50% antioxidant 168 content), was purchased from Nanjing Kexulai Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0043] The following is a preparation example of this application.

[0044] Preparation Example 1

[0045] The preparation of aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers in this example includes the following steps:

[0046] Sa, place the carbon nanofibers in 25% hydrogen peroxide and activate them at 60~65℃ for 9.5h to obtain activated carbon nanofibers;

[0047] Sb, Dissolve aliphatic isocyanate in toluene to prepare a 5% solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate to a final concentration of 0.2%, and mix thoroughly to obtain the reaction solution;

[0048] Sc. The activated carbon nanofibers obtained in step Sa are placed in the reaction solution obtained in step Sb and reacted at 40~45℃ for 2.5h. The reacted carbon nanofibers are filtered out, washed with toluene, and dried under vacuum at 80~85℃ to constant weight to obtain aliphatic isocyanate modified carbon nanofibers.

[0049] Preparation Example 2

[0050] The preparation of aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers in this example includes the following steps:

[0051] Sa, Place the carbon nanofibers in 30% hydrogen peroxide solution and activate them at 60~65℃ for 8 hours to obtain activated carbon nanofibers.

[0052] Sb, Dissolve aliphatic isocyanate in toluene to prepare a 10% solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate to a final concentration of 0.5%, and mix thoroughly to obtain the reaction solution;

[0053] Sc. The activated carbon nanofibers obtained in step Sa are placed in the reaction solution obtained in step Sb and reacted at 40~45℃ for 1.5h. The reacted carbon nanofibers are filtered out, washed with toluene, and dried under vacuum at 80~85℃ to constant weight to obtain aliphatic isocyanate modified carbon nanofibers.

[0054] Preparation Example 3

[0055] The preparation of modified carbon nanofibers in this example includes the following steps:

[0056] Sa, place the carbon nanofibers in a 0.5% KH570 solution and impregnate them at 50~55℃ for 1.5h to obtain a modified carbon nanofiber mixture.

[0057] Sb. Filter out the modified carbon nanofibers from the modified carbon nanofiber mixture obtained in step Sa, and vacuum dry at 80~85℃ to constant weight to obtain modified carbon nanofibers.

[0058] The following are embodiments of this application.

[0059] The method for preparing toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fibers according to embodiments of this application includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Preparation of modified carbon nanofibers;

[0061] S2. Mix the formulated amounts of PET resin, maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, nano titanium dioxide, and composite antioxidant evenly, add to a twin-screw extruder, and after melt dispersion, extrusion, cooling, and pelletizing, obtain the base material masterbatch; the extrusion molding process parameters are as follows: the temperatures of the 6 temperature zones are 170℃, 175℃, 180℃, 185℃, 190℃, and 185℃ respectively.

[0062] S3. Weigh the remaining raw materials according to the formula, mix them thoroughly, and obtain the premix;

[0063] S4. Weigh the base masterbatch obtained in step S2 and the premix obtained in step S3 according to the formula, add them to a twin-screw extruder, and after melting, dispersing, extrusion, cooling and pelletizing, functionalized polyester masterbatch is obtained; the extrusion molding process parameters are as follows: the temperatures of the 6 temperature zones are 180℃, 185℃, 190℃, 195℃, 185℃ and 180℃ respectively.

[0064] S5. The functionalized polyester masterbatch obtained in step S4 is processed by hot melt spinning to obtain toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber.

[0065] The fiber size in the embodiments and comparative examples of this application is a single filament diameter of 0.8 mm.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] The mass ratio of each raw material component of the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber in this embodiment includes: 100 parts PET resin, 6 parts modified nano carbon fiber, 2 parts nano titanium dioxide, 12 parts maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 16 parts modified magnesium hydroxide, 6 parts coated ammonium polyphosphate, 4 parts hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.3 parts B225 antioxidant.

[0068] In this embodiment, the modified carbon nanofibers prepared in Example 3 were selected.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The mass ratio of each raw material component of the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber in this embodiment includes: 100 parts PET resin, 12 parts modified nano carbon fiber, 6 parts nano titanium dioxide, 18 parts maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 24 parts modified magnesium hydroxide, 12 parts coated ammonium polyphosphate, 8 parts hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.5 parts B225 antioxidant.

[0071] In this embodiment, the modified carbon nanofibers prepared in Example 3 were selected.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] The mass ratio of each raw material component of the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber in this embodiment includes: 100 parts PET resin, 8 parts modified nano carbon fiber, 4 parts nano titanium dioxide, 14 parts maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 20 parts modified magnesium hydroxide, 8 parts coated ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.3 parts B225 antioxidant.

[0074] In this embodiment, the modified carbon nanofibers prepared in Example 3 were selected.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] The mass ratio of each raw material component in the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber of this embodiment includes: 100 parts PET resin, 10 parts modified nano carbon fiber, 5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 16 parts maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 22 parts modified magnesium hydroxide, 10 parts coated ammonium polyphosphate, 6 parts hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.5 parts B225 antioxidant.

[0077] In this embodiment, the modified carbon nanofibers prepared in Example 3 were selected.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] The mass ratio of each raw material component in the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber of this embodiment includes: 100 parts PET resin, 9 parts modified carbon nanofiber, 4.5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 15 parts maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 21 parts modified magnesium hydroxide, 8.8 parts coated ammonium polyphosphate, 5.4 parts hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.4 parts B225 antioxidant.

[0080] In this embodiment, the modified carbon nanofibers prepared in Example 3 were selected.

[0081] Example 6

[0082] The difference between this embodiment and Example 5 is that this embodiment uses the aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers prepared in Example 1.

[0083] Example 7

[0084] The difference between this embodiment and Example 5 is that this embodiment uses the aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers prepared in Example 2.

[0085] Example 8

[0086] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that 3 parts of nano-kaolin were added to the raw material components in this embodiment.

[0087] Example 9

[0088] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that 3.5 parts of nano-kaolin were added to the raw material components in this embodiment.

[0089] Example 10

[0090] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that 4 parts of nano-kaolin were added to the raw material components in this embodiment.

[0091] Comparative Example 1

[0092] This application uses 150D flame-retardant polyester fabric produced by Suzhou Wenchangxiang Textile Co., Ltd. as comparative example 1, with a weight of 85 g / m². 2 .

[0093] Comparative Example 2

[0094] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that an equal amount of carbon nanofibers were used to replace the aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers.

[0095] Comparative Example 3

[0096] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the hydroxylated carbon nanotubes are replaced with an equal amount of carbon nanotubes.

[0097] Comparative Example 4

[0098] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that an equal amount of PET resin is used to replace the aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers.

[0099] Comparative Example 5

[0100] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that an equal amount of PET resin was used to replace the hydroxylated carbon nanotubes.

[0101] Comparative Example 6

[0102] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene is replaced with an equal amount of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer.

[0103] The product performance of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-6 was tested. The fibers of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 2-6 were woven into fiber cloth according to the specifications of Comparative Example 1, with a sample size of 25cm×5cm. The strength, toughness, abrasion resistance and flame retardancy of the samples were tested respectively.

[0104] Among them, the strength and toughness were tested according to the methods described in GB / T 3923.1-2013, which tested the fracture strength and elongation at break.

[0105] Abrasion resistance was tested according to the method described in GB / T 21196.1-2007;

[0106] The oxygen index was tested according to the method described in GB / T 5454-1997.

[0107] The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0108]

[0109] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the products processed in Examples 1-10 of this application show significantly improved strength, toughness, and abrasion resistance compared to Comparative Example 1 of the prior art, and also show significant improvements compared to Comparative Examples 2-6. This demonstrates that the basic properties of the toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber of this application are excellent, especially its toughness and abrasion resistance, which are significantly superior to products of the prior art. Furthermore, the flame-retardant properties of the toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber of this application are also relatively excellent, slightly better than products of the prior art.

[0110] The data in Table 1, comparing the data from Examples 1-10, shows that the products of Examples 8-10 exhibit significantly better performance than those of Examples 1-7, while the products of Examples 6-7 exhibit significantly better performance than those of Examples 1-5. This demonstrates that optimizing the raw material ratio significantly improves the various properties of the fiber material. Furthermore, the use of aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers significantly enhances the basic properties of the fiber material, particularly its toughness. The applicant believes that using aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers, with polyurethane grafted onto them, ensures good compatibility with PET resin, effectively complementing hydroxylated carbon nanotubes and improving the toughness and wear resistance of the fiber material. Additionally, the addition of a small amount of nano-kaolin does not decrease the basic properties of the fiber material, but further improves its flame retardant properties. The applicant believes that the introduction of nano-kaolin complements the flame retardant system of this application, further enhancing the flame retardancy of the fiber material.

[0111] By comparing the data in Table 1 with those in Example 7 and Comparative Examples 2-6, it can be seen that the use of hydroxylated carbon nanotubes and maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomers in this application results in superior basic properties of the fiber material. The applicant believes that hydroxylated carbon nanotubes and nano-titanium dioxide can form an interfacial bond with maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomers, thereby further improving the material's performance. In addition, the use of aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers in this application results in superior strength and toughness of the material. The applicant believes that the modified carbon fibers have better compatibility with the matrix material, and the specifically modified carbon fibers in this application can effectively improve the strength of the fiber material. Furthermore, the introduction of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomers in this application, in addition to serving as a compatibilizer, also has functional properties, and can play a role in increasing the mechanical properties of the fiber in the system of this application.

[0112] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A toughened, abrasion-resistant polyester fiber, characterized in that, The raw material components of the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber are proportioned as follows: 100 parts PET resin, 6-12 parts modified nano carbon fiber, 2-6 parts nano titanium dioxide, 12-18 parts maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 16-24 parts modified magnesium hydroxide, 6-12 parts coated ammonium polyphosphate, 4-8 parts hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.3-0.5 parts composite antioxidant. The modified carbon nanofibers are aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers. The preparation of the aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers includes the following steps: Sa, place the carbon nanofibers in hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 25-30% and activate them at a temperature of 60-65℃ for more than 8 hours to obtain activated carbon nanofibers; Sb: Dissolve isocyanate in toluene to prepare a 5-10% solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate to a final concentration of 0.2-0.5%, and mix thoroughly to obtain the reaction solution; Sc. The activated carbon nanofibers obtained in step Sa are placed in the reaction solution obtained in step Sb and reacted at 40~45℃ for more than 1.5h. The reacted carbon nanofibers are filtered out, washed with toluene, and dried under vacuum at 80~85℃ to constant weight to obtain aliphatic isocyanate modified carbon nanofibers.

2. The toughened, abrasion-resistant polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein, The raw material components of the toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber are proportioned as follows: 100 parts PET resin, 8-10 parts modified nano carbon fiber, 4-5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 14-16 parts maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 20-22 parts modified magnesium hydroxide, 8-10 parts coated ammonium polyphosphate, 5-6 parts hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and 0.3-0.5 parts composite antioxidant.

3. The toughened, abrasion-resistant polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein, The aliphatic isocyanate-modified carbon nanofibers have a length of 30-50 μm and a single filament diameter of 150-200 nm.

4. The toughened, abrasion-resistant polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein, The particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide is 15~30nm.

5. The toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite antioxidant is antioxidant B225.

6. The toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber raw material also includes nano-kaolin, and the amount of nano-kaolin added is 3 to 4 parts.

7. A method for preparing the toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of modified carbon nanofibers; S2. Mix the formulated amounts of PET resin, maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, nano titanium dioxide and composite antioxidant evenly, add to a twin-screw extruder, and after melt dispersion, extrusion, cooling and pelletizing, obtain the base material masterbatch; S3. Weigh the remaining raw materials according to the formula, mix them thoroughly, and obtain the premix; S4. Weigh the base masterbatch obtained in step S2 and the premix obtained in step S3 according to the formula, add them to a twin-screw extruder, and after melting, dispersing, extruding, cooling and pelletizing, functionalized polyester masterbatch is obtained. S5. The functionalized polyester masterbatch obtained in step S4 is processed by hot melt spinning to obtain toughened and wear-resistant polyester fiber.

8. The application of the toughened and abrasion-resistant polyester fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the field of automotive interior textile fabrics.

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