High-heat-dissipation shock absorber based on phase change material and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-heat-dissipation shock absorber based on a phase-change material and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicles, the high-heat-dissipation shock absorber comprises a shock absorption cylinder body, a piston component and a piston rod, and the shock absorption cylinder body is provided with a hollow piston cavity. The piston component comprises a piston body and a piston valve system, the piston body is arranged in the piston cavity and divides the piston cavity into a compression cavity and a recovery cavity, and the piston valve system is used for communicating the compression cavity with the recovery cavity. The piston rod is in a long strip shape and comprises a connecting end which is arranged in the piston cavity and connected with the piston body, the piston rod comprises an outer rod body and PCM filler, a sealing cavity is formed in the outer rod body, and the PCM filler is arranged in the sealing cavity. When the shock absorber works, a large amount of heat generated at the position of the piston component is rapidly conducted to the PCM filler inside through the outer rod body of the piston rod, the PCM filler is subjected to phase change to absorb and store a large amount of latent heat, efficient passive heat dissipation is achieved, heat fading is effectively restrained, the service life of the shock absorber is prolonged, and stable damping performance is maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a high-heat-dissipation vibration damper and vehicle based on phase change materials. Background Technology

[0002] During reciprocating motion, automotive shock absorbers convert the mechanical energy of vehicle vibrations into heat energy through oil friction, causing the oil temperature to rise. When the oil temperature exceeds a certain threshold, thermal fade occurs: the oil viscosity decreases, damping force diminishes, and this severely affects the vehicle's handling stability and ride comfort. This problem is particularly pronounced in high-performance vehicles or under continuous harsh road conditions.

[0003] Existing heat dissipation solutions include: 1) increasing the heat dissipation area by adding heat sink fins to achieve passive air cooling, but the effect is limited and cannot handle high heat loads. 2) adding fans or liquid cooling circuits to achieve active cooling, but this is structurally complex, costly, carries a risk of failure, and requires additional energy. 3) using phase change materials (PCM) to encapsulate the PCM in the vibration damper's outer cylinder, but the PCM is far from the core heat source, resulting in a long heat conduction path, high thermal resistance, low heat dissipation efficiency, and slow response. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a vibration damper heat dissipation solution that is highly efficient, compact, requires no additional energy consumption, and is highly reliable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, and proposes a high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material, which realizes direct, efficient and passive temperature management of the core heat source of the vibration damper, thereby effectively suppressing thermal decay, extending the service life of the vibration damper and maintaining stable damping performance.

[0005] The present invention also provides a vehicle that incorporates the above-described high heat dissipation shock absorber.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a high heat dissipation vibration damper includes: A vibration damping cylinder having a hollow piston chamber; A piston assembly, comprising a piston body and a piston valve system, wherein the piston body is disposed within the piston chamber and divides the piston chamber into a compression chamber and a recovery chamber, and the piston valve system is used to connect the compression chamber and the recovery chamber; A piston rod, which is elongated, includes a connecting end and a working end. The connecting end is located inside the piston cavity and connected to the piston body. The working end is located outside the piston cavity. The piston rod includes an outer rod body and PCM filler. A sealing cavity is provided inside the outer rod body, and the PCM filler is located inside the sealing cavity.

[0007] The high heat dissipation vibration damper according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By incorporating a sealed cavity within the piston rod and filling it with PCM phase change material, the piston rod is transformed from a simple structural component into a key part that also functions as an energy storage and heat dissipation device. The heat conduction path from the heat source (piston component) to the heat dissipation medium (PCM filler) is short, resulting in a fast heat dissipation response, low thermal resistance, and high efficiency. The compact structure fully utilizes the inherent piston rod structure of the vibration damper without increasing its radial dimensions, making it easy to modify and integrate with existing product structures. The PCM phase change material stabilizes the operating temperature, effectively suppressing oil thermal decay, ensuring the stability of the damping force, and reducing the risk of failure of rubber components such as piston seals due to prolonged high temperatures, significantly improving the performance and lifespan of the vibration damper.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the piston cavity extends in the vertical direction, the piston body is movably disposed in the piston cavity in the vertical direction, the piston rod is disposed on the upper side of the piston body, and the working end and the connecting end are respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the piston rod.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration damping cylinder includes an outer cylinder and an inner working cylinder. The inner working cylinder is embedded inside the outer cylinder, and a liquid storage gap is formed between the inner working cylinder and the outer cylinder. The piston chamber is located inside the inner working cylinder, and the piston body is dynamically sealed to the inner wall of the inner working cylinder to separate the compression chamber and the recovery chamber.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outer rod is made of a thermally conductive material.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple sealing cavities, and each of the multiple sealing cavities is filled with PCM.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of sealed cavities are arranged along the line connecting the connecting end and the working end, and the phase change temperature of the PCM filler in the plurality of sealed cavities is set in a gradient along the arrangement direction.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the sealed cavity has a retractable bellows section.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an expansion gap is provided between the sealed cavity and the PCM filler.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a porous thermally conductive skeleton is provided in the sealed cavity, and the porous thermally conductive skeleton is connected to the outer rod and the PCM filler.

[0016] A vehicle according to a second aspect of the present invention includes the high heat dissipation damper described in the first aspect of the above embodiments.

[0017] Since the vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of the high heat dissipation shock absorber of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a side sectional view of a high heat dissipation vibration damper according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of a piston rod according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the piston rod according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram, 100 is the outer cylinder, 200 is the inner working cylinder, 300 is the piston component, 400 is the piston rod, 410 is the outer rod body, 420 is the sealing cavity, 430 is the PCM filler, and 440 is the porous heat-conducting skeleton. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, "multiple" means two or more; "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0026] The high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material provided in the embodiments of the present invention is suitable for vehicle vibration dampers, specifically for stabilizing the temperature of the vibration damper. The high heat dissipation vibration damper is described below with specific examples.

[0027] The high heat dissipation vibration damper of this invention includes: a vibration damping cylinder, a piston component 300, and a piston rod 400.

[0028] The vibration damping cylinder has a hollow piston chamber. The piston component 300 includes a piston body and a piston valve system. The piston body is disposed within the piston chamber and divides the piston chamber into a compression chamber and a recovery chamber. The piston valve system is used to connect the compression chamber and the recovery chamber. The piston rod 400 is elongated and includes a connecting end and a working end. The connecting end is disposed within the piston chamber and connected to the piston body. The working end is disposed outside the piston chamber. The piston rod 400 includes an outer rod body 410 and PCM filler 430. A sealing cavity 420 is provided within the outer rod body 410, and the PCM filler 430 is disposed within the sealing cavity 420.

[0029] When the vibration damper is working, the large amount of heat generated at the piston component 300 is rapidly conducted to the internal PCM filler 430 through the outer rod 410 of the piston rod 400. After absorbing heat, the PCM filler 430 undergoes a phase change (from solid to liquid), absorbing and storing a large amount of latent heat while maintaining its own temperature near its phase change temperature plateau, thereby cooling the piston component 300 and the surrounding oil. The high-heat-dissipation vibration damper of this invention transforms the piston rod 400 from a single structural component into a key component with both energy storage and heat dissipation functions by setting a sealed cavity 420 inside the piston rod 400 and filling it with PCM phase change material. The heat conduction path from the piston component 300 to the PCM filler 430 is short, resulting in a fast heat dissipation response, low thermal resistance, and high efficiency. The structure is compact, fully utilizing the inherent piston rod 400 structure of the vibration damper without increasing the radial dimension of the damper, making it easy to modify and integrate into existing product structures. By using PCM phase change material to stabilize the operating temperature, the thermal decay of the oil is effectively suppressed, ensuring the stability of the damping force and reducing the risk of failure of rubber components such as piston seals due to long-term high temperature, thus greatly improving the performance and life of the shock absorber.

[0030] It is understood that the PCM phase change material described in the embodiments refers to a substance that changes its physical state and can provide latent heat while maintaining a constant temperature. The process of changing physical properties is called a phase change process, during which the phase change material will absorb or release a large amount of latent heat.

[0031] To facilitate processing and maintain airtightness, the piston cavity is cylindrical, and the piston body is disc-shaped. In this embodiment of the invention, the piston cavity extends vertically along its axial direction, and the piston body is movably disposed within the piston cavity along the vertical direction. The piston rod 400 is located on the upper side of the piston body, and the working end and connecting end are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the piston rod 400.

[0032] The vibration damping cylinder includes an outer cylinder 100 and an inner working cylinder 200. The inner working cylinder 200 is embedded inside the outer cylinder 100. The piston chamber is located inside the inner working cylinder 200. The piston body is dynamically sealed to the inner wall of the inner working cylinder 200 to separate the compression chamber and the recovery chamber.

[0033] Understandably, in practical applications, the piston body is a metal disc that precisely fits with the inner wall of the inner working cylinder 200 to achieve a dynamic sealing connection. When the vehicle vibrates, the piston rod 400 drives the piston body to move up and down within the inner working cylinder 200, forcing the oil to flow between the compression chamber and the recovery chamber. The piston valve system is a precision valve system, typically including a throttling orifice mounted on the piston body, a spring steel plate (valve plate), a base, and adjusting shims. When the piston moves, the oil must flow through the throttling orifice on the piston body and push open the valve plate; the hydraulic resistance in this process is converted into the damping force required for vibration reduction.

[0034] The outer rod 410 of this embodiment of the invention is made of a thermally conductive material. Specifically, the outer rod 410 can be made of a material with good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum alloy or copper alloy, so as to facilitate the rapid conduction of heat at the piston rod 400 to the internal PCM filler 430.

[0035] In some embodiments, there are multiple sealing cavities 420, each of which is filled with PCM filler 430. The multiple sealing cavities 420 are arranged along the line connecting the connecting end and the working end, and the phase change temperature of the PCM filler 430 within each sealing cavity 420 is set in a gradient along the arrangement direction. The multiple sealing cavities 420 are arranged along the axial direction of the piston rod 400, i.e., in the vertical direction. In the vertical direction, the sealing cavities 420 are arranged at different positions, and the phase change temperature of the PCM filler 430 is set in a gradient, thereby achieving stepped heat absorption and more precisely controlling the temperature range.

[0036] In this embodiment, the phase transition temperature of the PCM filler 430 is configured to be between 60°C and 120°C, and can be specifically selected according to the design operating temperature range of the vibration damper. The PCM filler 430 includes, but is not limited to, materials such as paraffin wax, hydrated salts, or low-melting-point alloys.

[0037] Because PCM phase change materials undergo volume changes during phase change, typically expanding by 10%-15% from a solid to a liquid state, to accommodate the volume changes of the PCM filler 430, in some embodiments, the sealed cavity 420 has a retractable bellows section; or, in other embodiments, an expansion gap is provided between the sealed cavity 420 and the PCM filler 430 to prevent the cavity from rupturing due to excessive internal pressure.

[0038] PCM material itself has a low thermal conductivity, and simple filling may lead to a situation of "molten outside and solid inside," where the material in the internal position cannot effectively participate in heat exchange and thus affect the heat dissipation effect. In a further embodiment, a porous thermally conductive skeleton 440 is provided inside the sealed cavity 420, and the porous thermally conductive skeleton 440 is connected to the outer rod 410 and the PCM filler 430.

[0039] The porous thermally conductive framework 440 can employ various structures such as metal foam, sintered metal powder, or fins. Metal foam (aluminum foam, copper foam) or embedded fins are designed to increase the contact area with the PCM filler 430. The PCM filler 430 is injected and fills the pores of the porous thermally conductive framework 440, solving the problem of poor thermal conductivity of the PCM material itself. This allows heat to be quickly transferred to all the PCM inside the sealed cavity 420, enhancing the heat transfer efficiency inside the piston rod 400 and preventing the PCM filler 430 from exhibiting a "melted exterior, solid interior" phenomenon due to poor thermal conductivity.

[0040] See attached document Figure 3 The arrows in the figure indicate the direction of heat transfer. In practical applications, heat is transferred from the outer rod 410 to the porous heat-conducting skeleton 440, and then evenly transferred from the porous heat-conducting skeleton 440 to the PCM filler 430. This solves the problem of poor thermal conductivity of the PCM material itself, allowing heat to be quickly transferred to all the PCM fillers 430 inside the sealed cavity 420.

[0041] This invention also provides a vehicle including the high-heat-dissipation shock absorber described in the above embodiments. The vehicle can be a private car, such as a sedan, SUV, MPV, or pickup truck. The vehicle can also be a commercial vehicle, such as a van, bus, small truck, or large trailer. The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle or a new energy vehicle. When the vehicle is a new energy vehicle, it can be a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle.

[0042] Since the vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of the high heat dissipation shock absorber of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-heat-dissipation vibration damper based on phase change materials, characterized in that: include: A vibration damping cylinder having a hollow piston chamber; A piston assembly, comprising a piston body and a piston valve system, wherein the piston body is disposed within the piston chamber and divides the piston chamber into a compression chamber and a recovery chamber, and the piston valve system is used to connect the compression chamber and the recovery chamber; A piston rod, which is elongated, includes a connecting end and a working end. The connecting end is located inside the piston cavity and connected to the piston body. The working end is located outside the piston cavity. The piston rod includes an outer rod body and PCM filler. A sealing cavity is provided inside the outer rod body, and the PCM filler is located inside the sealing cavity.

2. The high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston chamber extends vertically, the piston body is movably disposed within the piston chamber, the piston rod is disposed on the upper side of the piston body, and the working end and connecting end are respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the piston rod.

3. The high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration damping cylinder includes an outer cylinder and an inner working cylinder. The inner working cylinder is embedded inside the outer cylinder. The piston chamber is located inside the inner working cylinder. A liquid storage gap is formed between the inner working cylinder and the outer cylinder. The piston body is dynamically sealed to the inner wall of the inner working cylinder to separate the compression chamber and the recovery chamber.

4. The high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer rod is made of a thermally conductive material.

5. The high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of sealed cavities is multiple, and each of the multiple sealed cavities is filled with PCM.

6. The high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of sealed cavities are arranged along the line connecting the connecting end and the working end, and the phase change temperature of the PCM filling material in the plurality of sealed cavities is set in a gradient along the arrangement direction.

7. The high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed cavity has a retractable bellows section.

8. The high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: An expansion gap is left between the sealed cavity and the PCM filler.

9. The high heat dissipation vibration damper based on phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed cavity is provided with a porous heat-conducting skeleton, which is connected to the outer rod and the PCM filler.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the high heat dissipation vibration damper as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images