Process and device for directly feeding original powdery fly ash into melting furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a process and device for directly feeding original powdery fly ash into a melting furnace, and the device comprises a material collecting pipeline which is provided with a gas inlet, a fly ash inlet and a mixture outlet; the material bin is arranged on the fly ash inlet and is communicated with the material collecting pipeline; the melting furnace is communicated with the mixture outlet; the gate valves are respectively arranged at the gas inlet, the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet; and the waste gas discharging device is arranged on the material collecting pipeline, is positioned between the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet and is used for discharging waste gas. The conditions of water absorption and material loss in the fly ash granulation process are avoided, and the fly ash granulation device has the effects of not raising dust and not increasing energy consumption and material consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of powder conveying technology, specifically to the process and apparatus for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Waste incineration fly ash is a byproduct of municipal solid waste incineration. It is a lightweight, fine-particle powder collected from flue gas ducts, flue gas purification devices, cyclone separators, and bag filters. It is rich in organic pollutants such as benzo[a]pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, and dioxins, as well as heavy metals such as Cr, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, and Ni.

[0003] Currently, the conventional treatment method for waste incineration fly ash is to feed it into a melting furnace for high-temperature melting to prepare various products. For direct fly ash powder, due to its moisture absorption and dust generation issues, existing technologies typically granulate the fly ash before conveying it. For example, CN113479922A discloses a water-washing-plasma melting waste incineration fly ash resource recovery device and method; CN110043905A discloses an additive for vitrification treatment of incineration fly ash and a method for vitrification treatment of incineration fly ash; and CN101797572A discloses a plasma treatment method for waste incineration fly ash. All of these methods use granulated fly ash for conveying. This granulation process increases the number of steps, is not conducive to reducing disposal costs, and the granulation process is highly susceptible to water absorption, which increases energy and material consumption when fed into the electric furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology in the transportation of waste incineration fly ash, which is prone to moisture absorption and dust generation, so as to provide a process and device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace without moisture absorption and dust generation and without increasing energy and material consumption.

[0005] The raw powdered fly ash is directly fed into the melting furnace device, including: The material collection pipe has a gas inlet, a fly ash inlet, and a mixture outlet. Material silos, including those installed at the fly ash inlet and connected to the collection pipeline; A melting furnace, connected to the mixture outlet; Slide valves are installed at the gas inlet, fly ash inlet, and mixture outlet, respectively. The exhaust gas discharge device is installed on the material collection pipe, located between the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet, and is used to discharge exhaust gas.

[0006] As an optional configuration, the exhaust gas discharge device includes a bag filter dust collector and a gas discharge valve installed at the gas outlet of the bag filter dust collector.

[0007] Furthermore, the bag filter dust collector is also equipped with a reverse jet nozzle.

[0008] As an optional configuration, the melting furnace is an electric furnace.

[0009] Furthermore, the electric furnace includes a furnace body connected to the mixture outlet, electrodes fixed in the furnace body, and an exhaust device disposed on the furnace body between the fixed position of the electrodes and the position connected to the mixture outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the exhaust device is a filter bag.

[0011] The process of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace involves using the aforementioned device to directly feed raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace.

[0012] As an optional configuration, the process of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace in this invention includes: Material preparation: Close the gas inlet and the mixture outlet, open the fly ash inlet and the exhaust gas discharge device to allow the raw powdery fly ash to enter the collection pipe; Compaction: Close the exhaust gas discharge device, open the gas inlet through the slide valve, start the gas source, and control the pressure in the collection pipeline to compress the original powdery fly ash in the collection pipeline; open the exhaust gas discharge device, the original powdery fly ash is trapped in the exhaust gas discharge device, and the exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust gas discharge device until the pressure in the collection pipeline stabilizes. Conveying: The exhaust gas discharge device is closed, and the mixture outlet is opened through the gate valve, and the raw powdered fly ash is conveyed into the melting furnace.

[0013] As an optional configuration, the present invention also includes using an exhaust device provided on the melting furnace to discharge the gas that carries the original powdered fly ash.

[0014] As an optional configuration, the original powdery fly ash trapped in the exhaust gas discharge device and the exhaust device is removed by reverse jet blowing and / or rapping processes.

[0015] As an optional configuration, the pressure inside the aggregate pipeline is controlled between 5 and 500 Pa.

[0016] The original powdered fly ash has a particle size of ≤50 mesh.

[0017] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages: 1. The device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace provided by the present invention eliminates the need for granulation. Using this device, the raw powdered fly ash is compressed through a gas inlet in the collecting pipe and then pneumatically conveyed into the melting furnace, achieving the goal of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the electric furnace. This method is dust-free and, compared to fly ash granulation, has a simpler process and saves space. Furthermore, it avoids the water absorption and material loss issues associated with fly ash granulation. The present invention achieves the effects of dust-free operation and no increase in energy or material consumption.

[0018] 2. The device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace provided by the present invention further optimizes the structure of the exhaust gas discharge device. The present invention uses the exhaust gas discharge device in conjunction with the material collection pipeline to realize fly ash treatment and transportation, completely avoiding the loss during the transportation of raw powdered fly ash.

[0019] 3. The original powdered fly ash direct feeding device provided by the present invention adopts a pneumatic closed conveying method, so that the fly ash entering the melting furnace is still dry powder. Compared with granular fly ash, it can accelerate the melting rate and further reduce energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace in this invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Collection pipe, 2-Material silo, 3-Melting furnace, 4-Slide valve, 5-Waste gas discharge device, 6-Exhaust device; 31-Furnace body, 32-Electrode; 51-Bag dust collector, 52-Gas discharge valve, 53-Reverse jet nozzle. Detailed Implementation The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this invention, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0026] The "range" disclosed in this application is defined by a lower limit and an upper limit. A given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, which define the boundaries of the specific range. Ranges defined in this way can include or exclude endpoints and can be arbitrarily combined; that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "ab" represents a shortened representation of any combination of real numbers from a to b, where a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0-5" means that all real numbers between "0-5" have been listed herein; "0-5" is merely a shortened representation of these numerical combinations.

[0027] In this invention, reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. Example 1 Raw powdered fly ash is directly fed into the melting furnace device, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes a material collection pipe 1 with a gas inlet, a fly ash inlet, and a mixture outlet; a material silo 2, which is connected to the material collection pipe 1 and installed at the fly ash inlet; a melting furnace 3, which is connected to the mixture outlet; a gate valve 4, which is installed at the gas inlet, fly ash inlet, and mixture outlet respectively; and a waste gas discharge device 5, which is installed on the material collection pipe 1 and located between the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet for discharging waste gas.

[0028] In this invention, after the original powdered fly ash is processed through the collection pipe 1, it can be transported to the melting furnace without further granulation, thus avoiding increasing the energy and material consumption caused by fly ash granulation.

[0029] As one implementation method, the exhaust gas discharge device 5 can be any device that can collect the original powdery fly ash discharged from the collection pipe along with the exhaust gas without affecting the exhaust gas discharge. For example, in this embodiment, a combination of a bag dust collector 51 and a gas discharge valve 52 is selected. The bag dust collector is connected to the collection pipe 1 between the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet through a pipe. The original powdery fly ash is collected by the bag dust collector 51 and then the exhaust gas is discharged through the gas discharge valve 52. The bag dust collector 51 is also provided with a reverse jet nozzle 53. The original powdery fly ash is sprayed back into the collection pipe 1 using a reverse jet process. That is, the original powdery fly ash collected in the bag dust collector 51 is back-blown back into the collection pipe 1 through the reverse jet nozzle 53.

[0030] As one implementation method, since fly ash is hygroscopic, in order to better avoid the increase in energy consumption required for melting in the subsequent melting furnace 3 due to fly ash absorbing moisture, the entire process is carried out by gas transportation. By setting up the entire process by gas transportation, the fly ash is prevented from directly contacting the air, effectively achieving the purpose of sealed transportation, avoiding the effect of fly ash absorbing moisture, and further reducing energy consumption during transportation.

[0031] During the process of the raw powdered fly ash entering the melting furnace, since the raw powdered fly ash is transported into the melting furnace 3 via gas, the lack of venting in the melting furnace 3 would lead to a continuous increase in pressure, which is detrimental to the melting operation of the melting furnace 3. Therefore, an venting device 6 is also provided on the melting furnace 3. This venting device 6 is located on the furnace body 31 between the fixed position of the electrode 32 and the connection position of the mixture outlet. The venting device 6 can better discharge the gas transporting the raw powdered fly ash, thus not affecting the subsequent melting operation of the melting furnace. However, when the gas is discharged through the venting device 6, the raw powdered fly ash input into the melting furnace will be discharged along with the gas, which not only leads to the waste of raw materials but also causes air dust, affecting the operating environment. In this invention, the venting device 6 is further configured as a filter bag, which can effectively intercept the raw powdered fly ash discharged with the gas, avoiding the waste of raw materials and effectively preventing dust. The filter bag can also use a reverse-jet blowing process to return the raw powdered fly ash intercepted in the venting device to the electric furnace.

[0032] The process of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace involves using the aforementioned equipment for processing raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace. The specific process is as follows: 1. Open the slide gate valve on the fly ash inlet, i.e. the first slide gate valve, and the original powdery fly ash in the material bin 2 falls into the collection pipe 1; 2. Open the gate valve on the gas inlet, i.e. the second gate valve, and adjust the gas source pressure (gauge pressure) to 300Pa. The original powdery fly ash will be compressed in the collection pipe. 3. As the pressure increases, the original powdery fly ash in the collection pipe will be gradually compressed. Open the gas discharge valve 52 on the exhaust gas discharge device 5, and the exhaust gas will pass through the bag dust collector 51, while the original powdery fly ash will remain in the collection pipe. 4. Once the pressure in the collection pipeline stabilizes, close the first gate valve and the gas discharge valve 52. At this time, the pressure in the collection pipeline is 300 Pa. 5. Open the gate valve at the outlet of the mixture, i.e. the third gate valve, and adjust the air source pressure to press the compressed original powdery fly ash in the collection pipe into the electric furnace. 6. An exhaust port is provided between the charging port on the top of the electric furnace and the electrode. An exhaust device 6 is provided on the exhaust port. The exhaust device 6 is a filter bag. Therefore, the gas that enters the furnace with the original powdery fly ash can be discharged through the exhaust port, and the original powdery fly ash is captured by the filter bag.

[0033] The filter bags of the aforementioned baghouse dust collector 51 and exhaust device 6 both employ a reverse-jet blowing process to remove the original powdery fly ash adhering to the filter bags. In this embodiment, the melt prepared using the original powdery fly ash is transferred to the next process via an intermediate salt package for further processing.

[0034] Example 2 The device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace includes a collection pipe 1 with a gas inlet, a fly ash inlet, and a mixture outlet; a material silo 2, which is connected to the collection pipe 1 and installed at the fly ash inlet; a melting furnace 3, which is connected to the mixture outlet; a gate valve 4, which is installed at the gas inlet, fly ash inlet, and mixture outlet; and a waste gas discharge device 5, which is installed on the collection pipe 1 and located between the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet for discharging waste gas.

[0035] In this invention, after the original powdered fly ash is processed through the collection pipe 1, it can be transported to the melting furnace without further granulation, thus avoiding increasing the energy and material consumption caused by fly ash granulation.

[0036] As one implementation, the exhaust gas discharge device 5 can be any device that can collect the original powdery fly ash discharged from the collection pipe along with the exhaust gas without affecting the exhaust gas discharge. For example, in this embodiment, a combination of a bag filter dust collector 51 and a gas discharge valve 52 is selected. The bag filter dust collector is connected to the collection pipe 1 between the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet through a pipe. The original powdery fly ash is collected by the bag filter dust collector 51 and then the exhaust gas is discharged through the gas discharge valve 52. The bag filter dust collector 51 can also be equipped with a vibration device. The vibration device is used to vibrate the original powdery fly ash adhering to the bag filter dust collector 51 back into the collection pipe 1. That is, the vibration device returns the original powdery fly ash collected in the bag filter dust collector 51 to the collection pipe 1.

[0037] As one implementation method, since fly ash is hygroscopic, in order to better avoid the increase in energy consumption required for melting in the subsequent melting furnace 3 due to fly ash absorbing moisture, the entire process is carried out by gas transportation. By setting up the entire process by gas transportation, the fly ash is prevented from directly contacting the air, effectively achieving the purpose of sealed transportation, avoiding the effect of fly ash absorbing moisture, and further reducing energy consumption during transportation.

[0038] During the process of the raw powdered fly ash entering the melting furnace, since the raw powdered fly ash is transported into the melting furnace 3 via gas, the lack of venting in the melting furnace 3 would lead to a continuous increase in pressure, which is detrimental to the melting operation of the melting furnace 3. Therefore, an venting device 6 is also provided on the melting furnace 3. This venting device 6 is located on the furnace body 31 between the fixed position of the electrode 32 and the connection position of the mixture outlet. The venting device 6 can better discharge the gas transporting the raw powdered fly ash, thus not affecting the subsequent melting operation of the melting furnace. However, when the gas is discharged through the venting device 6, the raw powdered fly ash input into the melting furnace will be discharged with the gas, which will not only lead to the waste of raw materials, but also cause air dust, affecting the operating environment. In this invention, the venting device 6 is further configured as a filter bag, which can effectively intercept the raw powdered fly ash discharged with the gas, avoiding the waste of raw materials, and also effectively preventing dust. The filter bag can also be vibrated by a vibration device to shake off the raw powdered fly ash trapped in the filter bag and return it to the electric furnace.

[0039] The process of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace involves using the aforementioned equipment for processing raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace. The specific process is as follows: 1. Open the slide gate valve on the fly ash inlet, i.e. the first slide gate valve, and the original powdery fly ash in the material bin 2 falls into the collection pipe 1; 2. Open the gate valve on the gas inlet, i.e. the second gate valve, and adjust the gas source pressure (gauge pressure) to 5Pa. The original powdery fly ash will be compressed in the collection pipe. 3. As the pressure increases, the original powdery fly ash in the collection pipe will be gradually compressed. Open the gas discharge valve 52 on the exhaust gas discharge device 5, and the exhaust gas will pass through the bag dust collector 51, while the original powdery fly ash will remain in the collection pipe. 4. Once the pressure in the collection pipeline stabilizes, close the first gate valve and the gas discharge valve 52. At this time, the pressure in the collection pipeline is 5 Pa. 5. Open the gate valve at the outlet of the mixture, i.e. the third gate valve, and adjust the air source pressure to press the compressed original powdery fly ash in the collection pipe into the electric furnace. 6. An exhaust port is provided between the charging port on the top of the electric furnace and the electrode. An exhaust device 6 is provided on the exhaust port. The exhaust device 6 is a filter bag. Therefore, the gas that enters the furnace with the original powdery fly ash can be discharged through the exhaust port, and the original powdery fly ash is captured by the filter bag.

[0040] The filter bags of the aforementioned baghouse dust collector 51 and exhaust device 6 are all treated with a vibration process to remove the original powdery fly ash adhering to the bags. In this embodiment, the melt prepared using the original powdery fly ash is transferred to the next process via an intermediate salt package for further processing.

[0041] Example 3 The device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace includes a collection pipe 1 with a gas inlet, a fly ash inlet, and a mixture outlet; a material silo 2, which is connected to the collection pipe 1 and installed at the fly ash inlet; a melting furnace 3, which is connected to the mixture outlet; a gate valve 4, which is installed at the gas inlet, fly ash inlet, and mixture outlet; and a waste gas discharge device 5, which is installed on the collection pipe 1 and located between the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet for discharging waste gas.

[0042] In this invention, after the original powdered fly ash is processed through the collection pipe 1, it can be transported to the melting furnace without further granulation, thus avoiding increasing the energy and material consumption caused by fly ash granulation.

[0043] As one implementation method, the exhaust gas discharge device 5 can be any device that can collect the original powdery fly ash discharged from the collection pipe along with the exhaust gas without affecting the exhaust gas discharge. For example, in this embodiment, a combination of a bag dust collector 51 and a gas discharge valve 52 is selected. The bag dust collector is connected to the collection pipe 1 between the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet through a pipe. The original powdery fly ash is collected by the bag dust collector 51 and then the exhaust gas is discharged through the gas discharge valve 52. The bag dust collector 51 is also provided with a reverse jet nozzle 53. The original powdery fly ash is sprayed back into the collection pipe 1 using a reverse jet process. That is, the original powdery fly ash collected in the bag dust collector 51 is back-blown back into the collection pipe 1 through the reverse jet nozzle 53.

[0044] As one implementation method, since fly ash is hygroscopic, in order to better avoid the increase in energy consumption required for melting in the subsequent melting furnace 3 due to fly ash absorbing moisture, the entire process is carried out by gas transportation. By setting up the entire process by gas transportation, the fly ash is prevented from directly contacting the air, effectively achieving the purpose of sealed transportation, avoiding the effect of fly ash absorbing moisture, and further reducing energy consumption during transportation.

[0045] During the process of the raw powdered fly ash entering the melting furnace, since the raw powdered fly ash is transported into the melting furnace 3 via gas, the lack of venting in the melting furnace 3 would lead to a continuous increase in pressure, which is detrimental to the melting operation of the melting furnace 3. Therefore, an venting device 6 is also provided on the melting furnace 3. This venting device 6 is located on the furnace body 31 between the fixed position of the electrode 32 and the connection position of the mixture outlet. The venting device 6 can better discharge the gas transporting the raw powdered fly ash, thus not affecting the subsequent melting operation of the melting furnace. However, when the gas is discharged through the venting device 6, the raw powdered fly ash input into the melting furnace will be discharged with the gas, which will not only lead to raw material waste, but also cause air dust, affecting the operating environment. In this invention, the venting device 6 is further configured as a filter bag, which can effectively intercept the raw powdered fly ash discharged with the gas, avoiding raw material waste, and also effectively preventing dust. The filter bag uses a rapping process to return the raw powdered fly ash intercepted in the venting device to the electric furnace.

[0046] The process of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace involves using the aforementioned equipment for processing raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace. The specific process is as follows: 1. Open the slide gate valve on the fly ash inlet, i.e. the first slide gate valve, and the original powdery fly ash in the material bin 2 falls into the collection pipe 1; 2. Open the gate valve on the gas inlet, i.e. the second gate valve, and adjust the gas source pressure (gauge pressure) to 5Pa. The original powdery fly ash will be compressed in the collection pipe. 3. As the pressure increases, the original powdery fly ash in the collection pipe will be gradually compressed. Open the gas discharge valve 52 on the exhaust gas discharge device 5, and the exhaust gas will pass through the bag dust collector 51, while the original powdery fly ash will remain in the collection pipe. 4. Once the pressure in the collection pipeline stabilizes, close the first gate valve and the gas discharge valve 52. At this time, the pressure in the collection pipeline is 5 Pa. 5. Open the gate valve at the outlet of the mixture, i.e. the third gate valve, and adjust the air source pressure to press the compressed original powdery fly ash in the collection pipe into the electric furnace. 6. An exhaust port is provided between the charging port on the top of the electric furnace and the electrode. An exhaust device 6 is provided on the exhaust port. The exhaust device 6 is a filter bag. Therefore, the gas that enters the furnace with the original powdery fly ash can be discharged through the exhaust port, and the original powdery fly ash is captured by the filter bag.

[0047] The filter bags on the baghouse dust collector 51 are cleaned using a reverse-jet blowing process to remove the original powdery fly ash adhering to the bags, while the filter bags on the exhaust device 6 are cleaned using a rapping process to remove the original powdery fly ash adhering to the bags. In this embodiment, the melt prepared using the original powdery fly ash is transferred to the next process via an intermediate salt package for further processing.

[0048] By using the specific structure of this invention to transport and process fly ash, the fly ash content in the exhaust gas is greatly reduced. At the same time, it also prevents the original powdered fly ash from directly contacting the humid air, reducing the possibility of the original powdered fly ash absorbing moisture, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the electric furnace.

[0049] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace, characterized in that, include: The material collection pipe (1) has a gas inlet, a fly ash inlet and a mixture outlet; Material silo (2), including one installed at the fly ash inlet and connected to the material collection pipe (1); The melting furnace (3) is connected to the mixture outlet; Slide valves (4) are respectively installed at the gas inlet, fly ash inlet and mixture outlet; The exhaust gas discharge device (5) is installed on the material collection pipe (1) and located between the fly ash inlet and the mixture outlet for discharging exhaust gas.

2. The device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas discharge device (5) includes a bag filter (51) and a gas discharge valve (52) installed on the gas outlet of the bag filter (51).

3. The device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bag filter (51) is also equipped with a reverse spray nozzle (53).

4. The apparatus for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The melting furnace (3) is an electric furnace.

5. The device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electric furnace includes a furnace body (31) connected to the mixture outlet, an electrode (32) fixed in the furnace body (31), and an exhaust device (6) disposed on the furnace body (31) between the fixed position of the electrode (32) and the position connected to the mixture outlet.

6. The device for directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, The exhaust device (6) is a filter bag.

7. The process of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace is characterized by, The raw powdered fly ash is directly fed into the melting furnace using the device described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The process of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into the melting furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that, include: Material preparation: Close the gas inlet and the mixture outlet, open the fly ash inlet and the exhaust gas discharge device to allow the raw powdery fly ash to enter the collection pipe; Compaction: Close the exhaust gas discharge device, open the gas inlet through the slide valve, start the gas source, and control the pressure in the collection pipeline to compress the original powdery fly ash in the collection pipeline; open the exhaust gas discharge device, the original powdery fly ash is trapped in the exhaust gas discharge device, and the exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust gas discharge device until the pressure in the collection pipeline stabilizes. Conveying: The exhaust gas discharge device is closed, and the mixture outlet is opened through the gate valve, and the raw powdered fly ash is conveyed into the melting furnace.

9. The process of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes using an exhaust device installed on the melting furnace to discharge the gas that was used to transport the original powdered fly ash; And / or, the pressure inside the aggregate pipeline is controlled at 5-500 Pa.

10. The process of directly feeding raw powdered fly ash into a melting furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that, The original powdery fly ash trapped in the exhaust gas discharge device and the exhaust device is removed by reverse jet blowing and / or rapping process.

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