Transformer simulation tool, system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a transformer simulation tool, system and method. The method comprises: a model construction module configured to construct a circuit topology model and a physical field model of a transformer according to a simulation instruction, the circuit topology model being used for simulating a power distribution network operation condition for the physical field model; the field-circuit coupling solving module is connected with the model building module and is configured to build a simulation mathematical model according to the circuit topology model and the physical field model and simulate dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instruction and the simulation mathematical model; the simulation result is generated; and the interaction module is connected with the field-circuit coupling solving module and is used for displaying the simulation result. By adopting the method, the simulation precision can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of simulation technology, and in particular to a transformer simulation tool, system, and method. Background Technology

[0002] Power transformers are the hubs for transmitting and distributing electrical energy and are core components of the power grid. Their reliable operation is crucial not only for the power quality of a large number of users but also for the safety of the entire system. The reliability of power transformers is determined by their health condition, which depends not only on their design, manufacturing, and structural materials but also on their maintenance and repair.

[0003] In related technologies, circuit simulation is commonly used to simulate and analyze power transformers. However, this method usually simplifies the transformer into a concentrated impedance model. Although the calculation speed is fast, it cannot reflect the complex magnetic field distribution, eddy current effect, nonlinear saturation characteristics, and the resulting local overheating and electromagnetic force concentration problems inside the transformer, resulting in limited accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a transformer simulation tool, system, and method that can improve simulation accuracy to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a transformer simulation tool, comprising:

[0006] The model building module is configured to build a circuit topology model and a transformer physical field model according to simulation instructions. The circuit topology model is used to simulate the operating conditions of the power distribution network for the physical field model.

[0007] The field-circuit coupling solution module, connected to the model building module, is configured to build a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model, simulate the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instructions and the simulation mathematical model, and generate the simulation results.

[0008] An interactive module, connected to the field-circuit coupling solution module, is used to display the simulation results.

[0009] In one embodiment, the field-circuit coupling solution module is configured to perform the construction of a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model, and to:

[0010] Based on the circuit topology model and the preset electrical relationship database, the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model are constructed; the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field of the transformer are constructed based on the physical field model; the simulation mathematical model is constructed based on the differential algebraic equations and the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field; wherein, the electrical relationship database includes the voltage and current relationships of multiple simulation circuit elements.

[0011] In one embodiment, the simulation instruction includes a simulation duration, which includes multiple simulation time steps; the field-circuit coupling solution module is configured to perform the simulation of the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instruction and the simulation mathematical model, and is configured to:

[0012] Based on the simulation mathematical model, the electromagnetic state information of the physical field model and the electrical parameter information of the circuit topology model at each simulation time step are obtained.

[0013] In one embodiment, the simulation instructions include the operating conditions of the circuit topology model, and the simulation mathematical model includes the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model and the electromagnetic partial differential equations of the physical field model.

[0014] The field-circuit coupling solution module is configured to acquire the electromagnetic state information of the physical field model and the electrical parameter information of the circuit topology model at each simulation time step.

[0015] Within each simulation time step, the simulation excitation signal is obtained based on the operating conditions and the circuit topology model; the simulation induction signal of the physical field model is obtained based on the simulation excitation signal and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation; the differential algebraic equation is updated based on the simulation induction signal; the step of obtaining the simulation excitation signal based on the operating conditions and the circuit topology model is returned and executed until the simulation excitation signal and the simulation induction signal meet the preset convergence condition; the electromagnetic state information and the electrical parameter information are determined based on the updated differential algebraic equation and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation, and the next simulation time step is entered.

[0016] In one embodiment, the field-circuit coupling solution module is configured to execute the simulation induction signal for obtaining the physical field model based on the simulation excitation signal and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation, and is configured to:

[0017] The transient magnetic field distribution of the physical field model is obtained based on the simulated excitation signal and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation.

[0018] The simulation induction signal of the physical field model is obtained based on the transient magnetic field distribution.

[0019] In one embodiment, the simulation instructions include transformer parameters and component topology call instructions; the model building module includes:

[0020] The simulation topology storage submodule is configured to store topology data for multiple circuit elements;

[0021] The first modeling submodule is configured to obtain topology data of multiple circuit elements from the simulation topology storage submodule according to the component topology call instruction, and generate a circuit topology model based on the topology data of each circuit element.

[0022] The second modeling submodule is configured to construct a physical field model of the transformer based on the transformer parameters; the transformer parameters include at least the transformer's geometry and material properties.

[0023] Secondly, this application provides a transformer simulation system, including the transformer simulation tool described in any of the embodiments.

[0024] Thirdly, this application provides a transformer simulation method, applied to the transformer simulation tool described in any of the above embodiments; the method includes:

[0025] The circuit topology model and the physical field model of the transformer are constructed according to the simulation instructions. The circuit topology model is used to simulate the operating conditions of the power distribution network for the physical field model.

[0026] A simulation mathematical model is constructed based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model;

[0027] Simulate the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instructions and the simulation mathematical model;

[0028] The simulation results of the physical field model are generated and displayed.

[0029] In one embodiment, the step of constructing a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model includes:

[0030] Based on the circuit topology model and the preset electrical relationship database, construct the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model;

[0031] Construct the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field of the transformer based on the physical field model;

[0032] The simulation mathematical model is constructed based on the differential algebraic equation and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation;

[0033] The electrical relationship database includes voltage and current relationships for multiple simulated circuit elements.

[0034] In one embodiment, simulating the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instructions and the simulation mathematical model includes:

[0035] Based on the simulation mathematical model, the electromagnetic state information of the physical field model and the electrical parameter information of the circuit topology model at each simulation time step are obtained.

[0036] The aforementioned transformer simulation tools, systems, and methods include a model building module, a field-circuit coupling solution module, and an interaction module. Users can input simulation commands into the simulation tool. The model building module then constructs a physical field model of the transformer and a circuit topology model to simulate the operating conditions of the distribution network based on these commands. Next, the field-circuit coupling solution module constructs a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model, simulating the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model under distribution network operating conditions, and obtaining simulation results. Finally, the simulation results are presented to the user through the interaction module. The transformer simulation module of this application, by combining the circuit topology model and the physical field model, can simulate the real-time dynamic interaction between the transformer and the power grid, thereby improving the simulation accuracy of the transformer. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a transformer simulation tool in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 2 Here is a block diagram of the transformer simulation tool in another embodiment;

[0040] Figure 3 Here is a block diagram of the transformer simulation tool in another embodiment;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a transformer simulation method in one embodiment;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating step S402 in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0044] As described in the background section, power transformers are the hubs for transmitting and distributing electrical energy and are core components of the power grid. Their reliable operation is crucial not only for the power quality of a large number of users but also for the safety of the entire system. The reliability of a power transformer is determined by its health condition, which depends not only on its design, manufacturing, and structural materials but also on its maintenance and repair. A transformer's short-circuit withstand capability refers to its ability to withstand and limit short-circuit current when a short-circuit fault occurs. In other words, it is the transformer's ability to maintain normal operation under external short-circuit faults. The magnitude of a transformer's short-circuit withstand capability determines whether it can effectively limit short-circuit current and protect its internal windings and other critical components from damage.

[0045] In related technologies, there are two main methods for simulating the short-circuit withstand capability of transformers. The first is to use pure circuit simulation software to simplify the transformer into a concentrated impedance model. Although the calculation speed is fast, it cannot reflect the complex magnetic field distribution, eddy current effect, nonlinear saturation characteristics, and the resulting local overheating and electromagnetic force concentration problems inside the transformer, resulting in limited accuracy. The second is to use pure physics simulation software to construct a physical field model of the transformer. Although this method can accurately depict the details of the magnetic field and stress field inside the transformer, the modeling process is extremely complex, consumes huge computational resources, and usually uses a simplified ideal current source as excitation, failing to link with the power grid circuit that reflects the actual operating conditions. This leads to a disconnect between the "field" and the "circuit," and the simulated operating conditions do not match the actual system operation.

[0046] To address the above technical issues, in an exemplary embodiment, please refer to... Figure 1 This application provides a transformer simulation tool, including:

[0047] The model building module 10 is configured to build a circuit topology model and a transformer physical field model according to simulation instructions. The circuit topology model is used to simulate the operating conditions of the power distribution network for the physical field model.

[0048] The field-circuit coupling solution module 20, connected to the model building module 10, is configured to build a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model, and to simulate the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instructions and the simulation mathematical model, and generate simulation results.

[0049] The interactive module 30 is connected to the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 and is used to display simulation results.

[0050] In this embodiment, the user can input simulation commands into the transformer simulation tool, and the model building module 10 constructs a circuit topology model and a physical field model based on the simulation commands. The circuit topology model is a topological structure formed by abstracting the distribution network structure and function using idealized circuit element symbols (such as voltage sources, resistors, inductors, capacitors, circuit breakers, switches, surge arresters, etc.) and their electrical connections. The circuit topology model represents the operating environment of the power grid to which the transformer is connected, including power supply characteristics, line impedance, load conditions, and fault settings (such as the location, type, and timing of short circuits). In the simulation tool of this application, the circuit topology model does not output a fixed waveform, but rather acts as a dynamic system, calculating and outputting the end current or voltage applied to the transformer windings in real time. This excitation changes dynamically with the power grid state and the feedback from the transformer itself. The physical field model of the transformer in this application is a physical model that reflects the electromagnetic field characteristics inside the transformer, constructed based on the transformer's geometric structure and material physical properties in the simulation commands.

[0051] After the model building module 10 constructs the circuit topology model and the physical field model of the transformer, the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 can establish the differential algebraic equation of the circuit topology model based on the circuit topology model, applying Kirchhoff's current / voltage law and the voltage-current relationship of each circuit element in the circuit topology model. The differential algebraic equation of the circuit topology model can describe the dynamic behavior of the circuit topology model.

[0052] Meanwhile, the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 can also automatically divide the physical field model of the three-dimensional geometry into millions of tiny units (mesh) using the finite element method based on the geometric structure of the transformer in the physical field model (such as the specific size and shape of components such as windings, iron core, and oil tank) and material properties (conductivity of windings, nonlinear BH curve of iron core, dielectric constant of insulating material), and construct the electromagnetic field partial differential equation of the transformer.

[0053] Subsequently, the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 can integrate the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model and the electromagnetic partial differential equations of the physical field model based on the finite element method into a unified mathematical model. The integrated mathematical model is solved synchronously and iteratively to ensure the real-time performance and accuracy of the interaction between circuit current and magnetic field.

[0054] This application achieves accurate simulation of the dynamic response of a transformer under real power grid fault conditions by embedding a circuit topology model representing the power grid operating topology into the physical field model of the transformer, and by simultaneously and collaboratively solving the differential-algebraic equations of this circuit topology model with the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field inside the transformer. Specifically, embedding the circuit topology model representing the power grid operating topology into the physical field model of the transformer means that the node voltages and branch current variables of the circuit topology model are directly defined as boundary conditions or source terms of the electromagnetic field finite element solution system. This creates a tightly integrated solution system within the simulation mathematical model, rather than two independent systems exchanging data.

[0055] The aforementioned transformer simulation tool includes a model building module 10, a field-circuit coupling solution module 20, and an interaction module 30. Users can input simulation commands into the tool, and the model building module 10 can then construct a physical field model of the transformer and a circuit topology model to simulate the operating conditions of the power distribution network based on these commands. Next, the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 constructs a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model, simulating the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model under the operating conditions of the power distribution network, and obtaining simulation results. Finally, the simulation results are presented to the user through the interaction module 30. This transformer simulation module, by combining the circuit topology model with the physical field model, can simulate the real-time dynamic interaction between the transformer and the power grid, thereby improving the simulation accuracy of the transformer.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 is configured to construct a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model, as follows:

[0057] Based on the circuit topology model and the pre-set electrical relationship database, the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model are constructed; the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field of the transformer are constructed based on the physical field model; and the simulation mathematical model is constructed based on the differential algebraic equations and the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field. Among them, the electrical relationship database includes the voltage and current relationships of multiple simulation circuit elements.

[0058] It can be understood that the circuit topology model is a topological structure formed by the combination of multiple simulated circuit elements. The electrical relationship database stores the current and voltage relationships of each simulated circuit element. Users can also set detailed electrical parameters (such as power supply amplitude / phase / frequency, resistance value, inductance value, etc.) for each simulated circuit element in the circuit topology model through simulation commands. Furthermore, users can flexibly set different types of short-circuit faults (three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit, single-phase grounding, etc.) and their occurrence and clearing times at specific locations in the circuit topology model (such as at transformer terminals) through simulation commands. Then, the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 can construct the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model based on Kirchhoff's current / voltage laws, the current and voltage relationships of each simulated circuit element in the circuit topology model, and the electrical parameters.

[0059] It is understandable that the electromagnetic processes inside a transformer are represented by Maxwell's equations, which can usually be simplified to partial differential equations. However, since partial differential equations are continuous, they cannot be solved directly in a computer. Therefore, this application first uses the finite element method to divide the three-dimensional physical field model into multiple tiny finite element meshes, transforming the continuous partial differential equations into a discrete set of algebraic equations (i.e., electromagnetic field partial differential equations), which facilitates numerical solution.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the simulation instruction includes a simulation duration, which includes multiple simulation time steps; the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 performs dynamic interaction between the simulation circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instruction and the simulation mathematical model, and is configured to:

[0061] Based on the simulation mathematical model, the electromagnetic state information of the physical field model and the electrical parameter information of the circuit topology model are obtained at each simulation time step.

[0062] It is understandable that conventional pure circuit simulations cannot capture the instantaneous peak values ​​and dynamic changes of key parameters such as current, magnetic field, and electromagnetic force in a transformer during a short-circuit fault, which are crucial data for evaluating short-circuit withstand capability. Therefore, this application discretizes the simulation duration into multiple simulation time steps. Within each time step, the simulated power grid system formed by the combination of the physical field model and the circuit topology model is approximately quasi-static. Furthermore, by continuously solving each time step and using the result of the previous step as the initial condition for the next step, the entire transient process can be completely simulated.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, the simulation instructions include the operating conditions of the circuit topology model, and the simulation mathematical model includes the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model and the electromagnetic partial differential equations of the physical field model.

[0064] The field-circuit coupling solution module 20 is configured to acquire the electromagnetic state information of the physical field model and the electrical parameter information of the circuit topology model at each simulation time step.

[0065] Within each simulation time step, the simulation excitation signal is obtained based on the operating conditions and circuit topology model; the simulation induction signal of the physical field model is obtained based on the simulation excitation signal and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation; the differential algebraic equation is updated based on the simulation induction signal; the step of obtaining the simulation excitation signal based on the operating conditions and circuit topology model is returned and executed until the simulation excitation signal and the simulation induction signal meet the preset convergence condition; the electromagnetic state information and electrical parameter information are determined based on the updated differential algebraic equation and electromagnetic field partial differential equation, and the simulation time step is entered.

[0066] To ensure long-term consistency across each simulation time step, this application executes a closed-loop process of "excitation → induction → update → iteration until convergence" within each simulation time step. Specifically, at the start of a simulation time step, the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 solves the differential-algebraic equations of the circuit topology model based on the current operating conditions, obtaining the end current or voltage flowing into the transformer windings in the physical field model under the current power grid operating conditions (i.e., the simulated excitation signal). The field-circuit coupling solution module 20 then uses the simulated excitation signal as the excitation boundary condition, and by solving the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field in the physical field model, obtains the induced electromotive force and eddy current effect generated in each winding (i.e., the simulated induction signal). The field-circuit coupling solution module 20 then feeds back the simulated induction signal to the circuit topology model. Based on the latest obtained simulated induction signal, the differential-algebraic equations of the circuit topology model are solved again. This process is repeated iteratively until the solutions of the circuit topology model and the physical field model converge fully at the current simulation time step. At this point, the simulated excitation signal flowing into the transformer winding in the physical field model, calculated from the differential-algebraic equations of the circuit topology model, and the simulated induction signal derived from the magnetic field generated by this current can mutually support each other. At this point, the simulated excitation signal and the simulated induction signal simultaneously satisfy the circuit laws and electromagnetic field laws, representing the electromagnetic state information and electrical parameter information that most closely approximates the physical reality at the current time step. If the current simulation time step is not the last simulation time step, the electromagnetic state information and electrical parameter information for the next simulation time step are solved based on the latest obtained simulated induction signal.

[0067] This application achieves macroscopic accuracy through micro-iteration, ensuring that the simulation results obtained at each simulation time step in transient simulation are the product of dynamic balance between the circuit and the magnetic field, thereby eliminating the error source of field-circuit disconnection and improving the reliability of the simulation results.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 executes the simulation induction signal to obtain the physical field model based on the simulation excitation signal and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation, and is configured as follows:

[0069] The transient magnetic field distribution of the physical field model is obtained based on the simulated excitation signal and the partial differential equation of the electromagnetic field; the simulated induction signal of the physical field model is obtained based on the transient magnetic field distribution.

[0070] Specifically, the induced electromotive force (EMF) generated in the winding originates from the rate of change of the winding linkage flux. The flux is the integral of the magnetic field distribution across the winding cross section. In this application, the field coupling solution module 20 obtains the transient magnetic field distribution at any point in space by solving the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field. This is a full-field, precise physical quantity. This application calculates the induced EMF by integrating this full-field transient magnetic field distribution, fully considering the non-uniformity of the magnetic field distribution in the winding space, the nonlinear distortion caused by core saturation, and the influence of eddy current effects. Conversely, if a simplified lumped parameter model (such as a fixed inductor) is used to estimate the induced EMF, these key physical details will be lost, leading to distorted feedback signals. If a distorted simulated induced signal enters the iterative loop within the simulation time step, it will result in an incorrect simulated excitation signal, ultimately causing the entire simulation result to deviate from reality.

[0071] In one exemplary embodiment, the simulation instructions include transformer parameters and component topology call instructions; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The model building module 10 includes:

[0072] The simulation topology storage submodule 11 is configured to store topology data for multiple circuit elements;

[0073] The first modeling submodule 12 is configured to obtain the topology data of multiple circuit elements from the simulation topology storage submodule 11 according to the component topology call instruction, and generate a circuit topology model based on the topology data of each circuit element.

[0074] The second modeling submodule 13 is configured to construct a physical field model of the transformer based on the transformer parameters; the transformer parameters include at least the transformer's geometry and material properties.

[0075] In this embodiment of the application, in order to simplify the user's simulation modeling process, a simulation topology storage submodule 11 is pre-constructed to store the topology data of multiple circuit elements. The topology data of each circuit element stored in the simulation topology storage submodule 11 can be presented to the user through the interactive interface of the interactive module 30. The user can manually select the topology data of the circuit elements required, and then the first modeling submodule 12 can integrate the topology data of each circuit element selected by the user into a circuit topology model.

[0076] Meanwhile, the second modeling submodule 13 can guide the user to input the key geometric structure and material property parameters of the transformer through the interactive interface of the interactive module 30, and then generate a high-quality physical field model that can be used for finite element calculation based on the parameters input by the user.

[0077] In a detailed embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The transformer simulation tool of this application also includes a user management module 40, a project management module 50, and a result post-processing module 60.

[0078] Specifically, the user management module 40 controls the access permissions of the transformer simulation tool to achieve commercial deployment. It uses offline license files based on machine characteristics for authorization verification, implements user role management, and different roles have different operation and viewing permissions. It is integrated into the login interface, and all other modules need to verify the validity of the license when starting up.

[0079] The project management module 50 centrally manages simulation projects, providing functions for creating, opening, saving, saving as, and closing projects. Project files are in a structured format, storing all input parameters, settings, and links to result files.

[0080] The simulation topology storage submodule 11 provides a rich set of circuit element symbols, such as voltage sources, resistors, inductors, capacitors, circuit breakers, switches, surge arresters, etc. The first modeling submodule 12 allows users to select circuit elements from the simulation topology storage submodule 11 by dragging and dropping, and construct single-line diagrams or three-phase circuit topologies of the transformer windings connected to the physical field model. It also supports users in setting detailed electrical parameters for each circuit element (such as power amplitude / phase / frequency, resistance value, inductance value, etc.) and allows users to flexibly set different types of short-circuit faults (three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit, single-phase grounding, etc.) and their occurrence and clearing times at specific locations in the circuit (such as at transformer terminals).

[0081] The second modeling submodule 13 guides the user to input the transformer's geometry and material properties, providing parameters for components such as transformer windings, core, and tank. It performs real-time checks on the rationality and completeness of the input data. The module configures the simulation type and solver control parameters, such as excitation source settings (standard lightning wave, switching wave, short-circuit current, etc., supporting user-defined waveforms), simulation type, solver control (simulation duration, maximum step size, minimum step size, solver accuracy), and output requests.

[0082] The field-circuit coupling solution module 20 constructs the differential-algebraic equations of the circuit topology model and the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field of the transformer. It integrates the differential-algebraic equations and the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field into a simulation mathematical model. It uses numerical methods such as backward difference formula to solve the integrated simulation mathematical model synchronously and iteratively, ensuring the real-time performance and accuracy of the interaction between circuit current and magnetic field.

[0083] The post-processing module 60 analyzes and outputs the simulation results, enabling multi-view visualization such as waveform graphs and contour maps, and generating simulation reports that conform to engineering specifications, including input summaries, key waveforms, and conclusions. For example, the post-processing module 60 can convert the electromagnetic state information and electrical parameters of each simulation time step output by the field-circuit coupling solution module 20 into information that can be intuitively understood, such as plotting the voltage and current curves of key nodes over time, and displaying the distribution of electric or magnetic fields in the form of color contour maps on the 2D / 3D model.

[0084] The interactive module 30 provides an interactive interface through which users can input simulation commands to perform simulations and obtain simulation reports generated by the post-processing module 60 through the interactive interface.

[0085] In summary, compared to related technologies that treat the power grid as an independent external system, the excitation required is simplified and applied unidirectionally to the magnetic field model, failing to reflect the real-time dynamic interaction between the transformer and the power grid. This invention combines a direct circuit topology model with a transformer's physical field model, enabling the power grid's topology, component characteristics, and fault dynamics to directly influence the magnetic field distribution without loss or delay. This allows for the accurate capture of the complex interaction between the nonlinear characteristics of the power grid side and the eddy currents and saturation effects within the transformer during a short circuit, resulting in more realistic electrodynamic calculations.

[0086] Furthermore, by setting a first modeling submodule in the simulation tool, this application enables users to directly and quickly build and modify various power grid topologies and fault scenarios without switching between different software platforms or performing complex data interface programming. This simplifies a complex multi-platform coupling problem into a unified, graphical internal modeling process, greatly reducing the technical threshold, expanding the operating condition coverage capability, and forming a powerful and easy-to-use virtual verification platform.

[0087] In one exemplary embodiment, this application provides a transformer simulation system, including the transformer simulation tool in any of the embodiments.

[0088] In one exemplary embodiment, this application provides a transformer simulation method, applied to the transformer simulation tool in any of the above embodiments; please refer to... Figure 4 The transformer simulation method of this application includes steps S401 to S404.

[0089] S401: Constructs a circuit topology model and a transformer physical field model based on simulation instructions. The circuit topology model is used to simulate the operating conditions of the power distribution network for the physical field model.

[0090] S402: Construct a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model.

[0091] S403: Simulates the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model based on simulation instructions and simulation mathematical models.

[0092] S404: Generates and displays the simulation results of the physics model.

[0093] In one exemplary embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 Step S402 involves constructing a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model, including steps S501 to S503.

[0094] S501: Construct the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model based on the circuit topology model and the pre-set electrical relationship database.

[0095] S502: Construct the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field of the transformer based on the physical field model.

[0096] S503: Construct a simulation mathematical model based on differential algebraic equations and electromagnetic field partial differential equations.

[0097] The electrical relationship database includes voltage and current relationships for multiple simulated circuit elements.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, step S403 simulates the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instructions and the simulation mathematical model, including: obtaining the electromagnetic state information of the physical field model and the electrical parameter information of the circuit topology model at each simulation time step according to the simulation mathematical model.

[0099] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0100] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0102] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0103] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A transformer simulation tool, characterized in that, include: The model building module is configured to build a circuit topology model and a transformer physical field model according to simulation instructions. The circuit topology model is used to simulate the operating conditions of the power distribution network for the physical field model. The field-circuit coupling solution module, connected to the model building module, is configured to build a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model, and to simulate the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instructions and the simulation mathematical model, and generate simulation results. An interactive module, connected to the field-circuit coupling solution module, is used to display the simulation results.

2. The transformer simulation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The field-circuit coupling solution module is configured to execute the construction of a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model, as follows: Based on the circuit topology model and the preset electrical relationship database, the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model are constructed; the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field of the transformer are constructed based on the physical field model; the simulation mathematical model is constructed based on the differential algebraic equations and the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field; wherein, the electrical relationship database includes the voltage and current relationships of multiple simulation circuit elements.

3. The transformer simulation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation command includes a simulation duration, which includes multiple simulation time steps; the field-circuit coupling solution module is configured to execute the simulation of the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model based on the simulation command and the simulation mathematical model, and is configured as follows: Based on the simulation mathematical model, the electromagnetic state information of the physical field model and the electrical parameter information of the circuit topology model at each simulation time step are obtained.

4. The transformer simulation tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The simulation instructions include the operating conditions of the circuit topology model, and the simulation mathematical model includes the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model and the electromagnetic partial differential equations of the physical field model. The field-circuit coupling solution module is configured to acquire the electromagnetic state information of the physical field model and the electrical parameter information of the circuit topology model at each simulation time step. Within each simulation time step, a simulation excitation signal is obtained based on the operating conditions and the circuit topology model; a simulation induction signal for the physical field model is obtained based on the simulation excitation signal and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation; and the differential algebraic equation is updated based on the simulation induction signal. Return to the step of obtaining the simulation excitation signal based on the operating conditions and the circuit topology model and execute it until the simulation excitation signal and the simulation induction signal meet the preset convergence conditions; determine the electromagnetic state information and the electrical parameter information based on the updated differential algebraic equation and electromagnetic field partial differential equation, and proceed to the next simulation time step.

5. The transformer simulation tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The field-circuit coupling solution module executes the simulation induction signal obtained from the physical field model based on the simulation excitation signal and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation, and is configured as follows: The transient magnetic field distribution of the physical field model is obtained based on the simulated excitation signal and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation. The simulation induction signal of the physical field model is obtained based on the transient magnetic field distribution.

6. The transformer simulation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation commands include transformer parameter and component topology call commands; The model building module includes: The simulation topology storage submodule is configured to store topology data for multiple circuit elements; The first modeling submodule is configured to obtain topology data of multiple circuit elements from the simulation topology storage submodule according to the component topology call instruction, and generate a circuit topology model based on the topology data of each circuit element. The second modeling submodule is configured to construct a physical field model of the transformer based on the transformer parameters; the transformer parameters include at least the transformer's geometry and material properties.

7. A transformer simulation system, characterized in that, Includes the transformer simulation tool as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A transformer simulation method, characterized in that, The method is applied to the transformer simulation tool according to any one of claims 1-6; the method includes: The circuit topology model and the physical field model of the transformer are constructed according to the simulation instructions. The circuit topology model is used to simulate the operating conditions of the power distribution network for the physical field model. A simulation mathematical model is constructed based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model; Simulate the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instructions and the simulation mathematical model; The simulation results of the physical field model are generated and displayed.

9. The transformer simulation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of constructing a simulation mathematical model based on the circuit topology model and the physical field model includes: Based on the circuit topology model and the preset electrical relationship database, construct the differential algebraic equations of the circuit topology model; Construct the partial differential equations of the electromagnetic field of the transformer based on the physical field model; The simulation mathematical model is constructed based on the differential algebraic equation and the electromagnetic field partial differential equation; The electrical relationship database includes voltage and current relationships for multiple simulated circuit elements.

10. The transformer simulation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The simulation of the dynamic interaction between the circuit topology model and the physical field model according to the simulation instructions and the simulation mathematical model includes: Based on the simulation mathematical model, the electromagnetic state information of the physical field model and the electrical parameter information of the circuit topology model at each simulation time step are obtained.

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