New energy port-oriented hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation integrated modeling and cooperative operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy port-oriented hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation integrated modeling and cooperative operation method, which comprises the following steps of: analyzing a dynamic coupling relationship between electrolytic voltage and current density, and establishing a nonlinear electrolytic cell hydrogen production model reflecting a correlation mechanism among input power, hydrogen production rate and energy efficiency; piecewise linearization processing is carried out on the hydrogen production model to obtain a multi-stage hydrogen production model, and hydrogen production characteristics and start-stop characteristics are integrated to establish a complete electric hydrogen production unit operation model, hydrogen storage energy is utilized to replace part of electrochemical storage energy, electric energy is stored through electric hydrogen production in an energy consumption surplus period, and power is generated through a fuel cell in an energy consumption shortage period. According to the scheme, peak clipping and valley filling of the port power load can be achieved by building a hydrogen energy long-time storage mechanism, dynamic fluctuation of the load is effectively dealt with, the energy consumption cost is reduced, the overall energy utilization efficiency of the port is improved, and technical support is provided for port decarburization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power grid-hydrogen collaborative optimization, specifically involving a method for integrated modeling and collaborative operation of hydrogen production, storage and power generation in new energy ports. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of an accelerated global energy transition towards low-carbon and clean energy, ports, as energy-intensive logistics hubs, face an increasingly urgent need for green transformation. Traditional port operations rely on fossil fuels, resulting in high carbon emissions and significant pollution, which contradicts the "dual-carbon" goal. While renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power offer new pathways for port energy transformation, their intermittency and volatility pose challenges to energy supply stability, necessitating the introduction of efficient energy storage and flexible control measures. Hydrogen energy, with its zero carbon emissions, high energy density, and diverse application potential, is considered a key carrier for the future energy system. Among these, hydrogen production technology using renewable energy for water electrolysis is particularly promising. While the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer, as the core equipment, has often been simplified to a fixed value in previous studies, in actual operation, efficiency varies non-linearly with power, and the electrolytic hydrogen production unit possesses millisecond-level rapid response capabilities, making it a valuable and flexible resource for the power grid. Ports, with their locational advantages and energy consumption characteristics, have become ideal scenarios for the preparation, storage and application of green hydrogen. By constructing an integrated system of "new energy power generation - electrolysis hydrogen production - hydrogen storage - hydrogen fuel cell power generation", it is expected to achieve energy self-sufficiency, smooth out fluctuations, and serve low-carbon transportation applications such as hydrogen-powered ships and heavy trucks.

[0003] However, the complex multi-energy flow coupling characteristics, dynamic operational constraints, and economic balance issues of hydrogen energy systems in new energy ports have not been fully studied. Existing research mostly focuses on single aspects (such as hydrogen production efficiency optimization or hydrogen storage safety design), lacking system-level collaborative modeling and operational strategies, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency and high costs. Furthermore, the contradiction between the multi-timescale response characteristics of hydrogen energy systems (such as start-up and shutdown delays of hydrogen production equipment and hydrogen storage capacity limitations) and the random fluctuations in port load further increases the difficulty of system optimization. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an integrated modeling and collaborative operation method for hydrogen production, storage, and power generation in new energy ports, exploring efficient conversion mechanisms and optimization methods for electricity-hydrogen-electricity energy flows. This is of great significance for improving port energy resilience, reducing energy costs, and accelerating the implementation of the hydrogen energy industry, and also provides theoretical support and technical pathways for the construction of zero-carbon ports globally. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide an integrated modeling and collaborative operation method for hydrogen production, storage, and power generation in new energy ports. This method considers the collaborative coupling between the port power grid and the port's hydrogen production and storage equipment. By establishing a three-state electro-hydrogen production unit model that considers segmented linear hydrogen production and hot standby states, it effectively avoids efficiency losses and cost increases caused by frequent start-ups and shutdowns. Furthermore, by constructing a long-term hydrogen energy storage and multi-period optimized scheduling mechanism, it utilizes electro-hydrogen production to store electrical energy during periods of surplus energy demand, and generates electricity through fuel cells during periods of energy shortage, achieving cross-period shifting of power load and efficient absorption of renewable energy. This invention not only significantly improves the operational flexibility and economy of the port hydrogen-electric coupling system but also effectively supports the low-carbon transformation and comprehensive energy efficiency improvement of the port energy system.

[0005] The specific technical solution for achieving the objective of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for integrated modeling and coordinated operation of hydrogen production, storage, and power generation in new energy ports includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Obtain the operating parameters of the electrolyzer, hydrogen energy storage device, and hydrogen fuel cell, as well as the network coefficients and operating coefficients of the power grid model;

[0008] Step 2: Obtain electricity load demand, hydrogen load demand, and power output scenario data for wind power and photovoltaic power at different time sections;

[0009] Step 3: Based on the nonlinear hydrogen production model, piecewise linearization is performed, and the three operating states of the electric hydrogen production unit, namely start-up, shutdown and hot standby, are considered. An operating model of the electric hydrogen production unit that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of hydrogen production and start-up and shutdown characteristics is established.

[0010] Step 4: Based on the operation model of the electric hydrogen production unit that takes into account the dynamic characteristics and start-up and shutdown characteristics of hydrogen production in Step 3, construct an integrated system model of hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation for new energy ports.

[0011] Step 5: Based on the integrated hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation system model described in Step 4, conduct coordinated operation control and optimization of port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] Compared with traditional two-state (operation, shutdown) electro-hydrogen production models and scheduling methods that do not consider long-term hydrogen storage, the technical solution of this invention significantly improves the system's operational flexibility and economy by appropriately introducing a three-state (operation, hot standby, shutdown) model for the electrolyzer and constructing a cross-period hydrogen storage and release mechanism. Compared with the traditional two-state electro-hydrogen production model, this invention effectively avoids frequent start-ups and shutdowns of the electro-hydrogen production unit, reduces equipment wear and operating costs, and enhances the adaptability to fluctuations in renewable energy in ports. Compared with scheduling methods that do not consider long-term hydrogen storage, this invention achieves time-series transfer of electricity-hydrogen energy through hydrogen storage tanks, releasing hydrogen energy to generate electricity during peak load periods, achieving peak shaving and valley filling, reducing the cost of purchased electricity and hydrogen, improving energy self-sufficiency and overall system energy efficiency, providing reliable technical support for the hydrogen-electricity synergistic operation of new energy ports, and promoting the decarbonization transformation of ports.

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated modeling and collaborative operation method for hydrogen production, storage and power generation in new energy ports according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the operating status and power consumption of an electro-hydrogen production device under a three-state (start-up, shutdown, and hot standby) model in an embodiment of the present invention for a certain day over 24 hours.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the operating status and power consumption of the electro-hydrogen production device in a 24-hour period of a certain day under the two-state (start-up, shutdown) model in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0021] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0022] Combination Figure 1 A method for integrated modeling and collaborative operation of hydrogen production, storage, and power generation in new energy ports includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Obtain the operating parameters of the electrolyzer, hydrogen energy storage device, and hydrogen fuel cell, as well as the network coefficients and operating coefficients of the power grid model;

[0024] Step 2: Obtain electricity load demand, hydrogen load demand, and power output scenario data for wind power and photovoltaic power at different time sections;

[0025] Step 3: Based on the nonlinear hydrogen production model, piecewise linearization is performed, and considering the three operating states of the electric hydrogen production unit—start-up, shutdown, and hot standby—an operating model of the electric hydrogen production unit is established, taking into account the dynamic characteristics of hydrogen production and the start-up and shutdown characteristics.

[0026] (A-1)

[0027] (A-2)

[0028] (A-3)

[0029] (A-4)

[0030] (A-5)

[0031] (A-6)

[0032] (A-7)

[0033] (A-8)

[0034] (A-9)

[0035] (A-10)

[0036] (A-11)

[0037] (A-12)

[0038] (A-13)

[0039] in, and These represent the operating voltage and operating current of each electrolytic cell unit, respectively. This represents the reversible electromotive force of an electrolytic cell unit; Indicates the area of ​​the electrolytic plate; Indicates the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell; Indicates the number of electrolytic cells stacked; This indicates the operating voltage of the electrolytic hydrogen production system; This indicates the electrical power consumed by the electrolysis hydrogen production system; Indicates the Faraday efficiency; This indicates the hydrogen production rate of the electrolysis hydrogen production system; Indicates the molar mass of hydrogen gas; Indicates the number of electrons transferred during electrolysis; Denotes Faraday's constant; This indicates the calorific value of hydrogen. This indicates the energy conversion efficiency of the hydrogen electrolysis system; , , , , , , , , , These are all empirical parameters; , , , and All are integer variables, where, Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen generator unit s is in operation; Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen generator unit s is in a shutdown state; Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen production unit s is in hot standby mode; Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen generator unit s is in the start-up state; Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen production unit s is in stage l; This represents the input power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s during time period t and stage l; and These represent the maximum and minimum input power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s in stage l, respectively; This represents the input power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s during time period t; This represents the hydrogen production flow rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s during time period t; This represents the thermal standby power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s; and These are all parameters of the linearized hydrogen production curve of the electrolytic hydrogen production system;

[0040] In the above model, Equation (A-1) is a semi-empirical model of the operating voltage of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit; Equations (A-2) and (A-3) define the operating voltage and power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system; Equation (A-4) is a semi-empirical model of Faraday's electrolysis efficiency; Equation (A-5) derives the hydrogen production rate through Faraday's law of electrolysis; Equation (A-6) defines the energy conversion efficiency of the electrolytic hydrogen production system; Equation (A-7) restricts the operating state of the electrolytic hydrogen production system to only one of three states: start-up, shutdown, and hot standby; Equation (A-8) defines the start-up state of the electrolytic hydrogen production system; Equation (A-9) constrains the maximum and minimum values ​​of the input power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system; Equations (A-10) and (A-11) constrain the stage of the electrolytic hydrogen production system and the maximum and minimum values ​​of the output power in that stage; Equations (A-12) and (A-13) define the total input power and hydrogen production flow rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production system, respectively.

[0041] Step 4: Based on the operation model of the electro-hydrogen generator unit considering the dynamic characteristics and start-up / shutdown characteristics of hydrogen production in Step 3, construct an integrated hydrogen production-storage-power generation system model for new energy ports:

[0042] Based on the operating model of the electric hydrogen generator unit, which takes into account the dynamic and start-up / shutdown characteristics of hydrogen production, specific constraints are imposed on the operation of the electric hydrogen generator unit, hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen energy storage equipment, and port power grid, including:

[0043] (1) Operational constraints of the electric hydrogen production unit

[0044] (A-14)

[0045] (A-15)

[0046] (A-16)

[0047] (A-17)

[0048] In the formula: for Momentary Hydrogen Production Unit Output hydrogen flow rate; This refers to the calorific value of hydrogen. The hydrogen production efficiency of the electric hydrogen generator unit; for Moment-powered hydrogen production unit Power consumption; , They are respectively electric hydrogen production units Upper and lower limits of input electrical power; , They are respectively Moment-powered hydrogen production unit Power-on and power-off status variables, when power-on , When shutting down , ; for Momentary Hydrogen Production Unit The startup state variables;

[0049] Equation (A-14) is the energy conversion constraint of the electric hydrogen generator unit; Equation (A-15) is the upper and lower limit constraint of the power consumption and output of the electric hydrogen generator unit; Equation (A-16) restricts the electric hydrogen generator unit from being in the start-up and shutdown state at the same time; Equation (17) determines the start-up state of the electric hydrogen generator unit.

[0050] (2) Operational constraints of hydrogen fuel cells

[0051] (A-18)

[0052] (A-19)

[0053] (A-20)

[0054] (A-21)

[0055] In the formula: for Moment hydrogen fuel cell Hydrogen flow rate consumed; For the power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells; for Moment hydrogen fuel cell Output electrical power; , Hydrogen fuel cells Upper and lower limits of output power; , They are respectively Moment hydrogen fuel cell Power-on and power-off status variables, when power-on , When shutting down , ; They are respectively Moment hydrogen fuel cell The startup state variables;

[0056] Equation (A-18) represents the energy conversion constraint of the hydrogen fuel cell; Equation (A-19) represents the upper and lower limits of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell; Equation (A-20) restricts the hydrogen fuel cell from being simultaneously in an on-state and an off-state; Equation (A-21) determines the start-up state of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0057] (3) Operational constraints of hydrogen energy storage

[0058] (A-22)

[0059] (A-23)

[0060] (A-24)

[0061] (A-25)

[0062] (A-26)

[0063] (A-27)

[0064] In the formula: The scheduling period; For scheduling intervals; for Hydrogen storage tank Hydrogen storage capacity; The self-loss coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank; , They are respectively Hydrogen storage tank Hydrogen charging and discharging flow rates; , These are the hydrogen filling and discharging efficiencies of the hydrogen storage tank, respectively. , Let them be integer variables, representing respectively Hydrogen storage tank The charging and discharging states of hydrogen, during hydrogen charging , When hydrogen is released , When not charging or discharging ; , These are the minimum and maximum hydrogen filling and discharging flow rates of the hydrogen storage tank, respectively. , Hydrogen storage tanks Upper and lower limits of hydrogen storage capacity;

[0065] Equation (A-22) represents the capacity balance constraint of the hydrogen storage tank; Equation (A-23) restricts the initial capacity of the hydrogen storage tank to be equal to its final capacity; Equation (A-24) represents the hydrogen charging and discharging state constraint of the hydrogen storage tank, restricting simultaneous charging and discharging; Equations (A-25) and (A-26) represent the hydrogen charging and discharging flow rate constraints of the hydrogen storage tank, respectively; Equation (A-27) represents the upper and lower capacity limits constraint of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0066] (4) Hydrogen load supply and demand balance constraints

[0067] (A-28)

[0068] In the formula: , They are respectively The amount of hydrogen purchased and the amount of hydrogen demanded at any given time;

[0069] Equation (A-28) is the balance constraint equation for hydrogen load;

[0070] (5) Port power grid operation model

[0071] The operational constraints of the port power grid based on the AC power flow model and considering energy storage are as follows:

[0072] (A-29)

[0073] (A-30)

[0074] (A-31)

[0075] (A-32)

[0076] (A-33)

[0077] (A-34)

[0078] (A-35)

[0079] (A-36)

[0080] (A-37)

[0081] (A-38)

[0082] (A-39)

[0083] (A-40)

[0084] (A-41)

[0085] (A-42)

[0086] In the formula: , , , , , They are respectively with nodes A collection of interconnected start-up nodes, end-up nodes, energy storage, photovoltaic units, hydrogen fuel cells, and electric hydrogen production units; , They are respectively Timetable Transmitted active power and reactive power; , The lines are respectively Resistance and reactance; , They are respectively Injection nodes from upstream power grid Active power and reactive power; for Time Node The square of the voltage amplitude; for Timetable The square of the current amplitude; , They are respectively Instantaneous energy storage The charging and discharging power; for Moment Photovoltaic Unit Grid-connected power; , They are respectively Time Node Active load and reactive load; These are the upper limits of reactive power injected into the upstream power grid; , They are nodes Upper and lower limits of the square of voltage amplitude; For the line The upper limit of the square of the current amplitude; This is the self-loss coefficient of electrical energy storage; , Let them be integer variables, representing respectively Instantaneous energy storage The charging and discharging states, during charging , During discharge , When not charging or discharging ; The minimum charging and discharging power for electrical energy storage; For the floor function, when When it is a multiple of 24 Established;

[0087] Equations (A-29) and (A-30) are the active and reactive power balance equations of the nodes, respectively; Equation (A-31) is the branch voltage drop equation; Equation (A-32) is the branch capacity equation; Equations (A-33) and (A-34) are the active and reactive capacity constraints of the root node, respectively; Equations (A-35) and (A-36) are the safety constraints of the node voltage and current, respectively; Equation (A-37) is the power balance constraint of energy storage; Equation (A-38) limits the intraday balance of energy storage capacity; Equation (A-39) is the charging and discharging state constraint of energy storage, limiting the ability of energy storage to charge and discharge simultaneously; Equations (A-40) and (A-41) are the charging and discharging power constraints of energy storage, respectively; Equation (A-42) is the upper and lower limit constraint of energy storage capacity.

[0088] Step 5: Based on the integrated hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation system model described in Step 4, conduct coordinated operation control and optimization of port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment.

[0089] By modeling the hydrogen load in detail and establishing the objective function, a collaborative operation control and optimization model for port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment is constructed.

[0090] (1) Downstream hydrogen load modeling

[0091] Considering the scale of the port power grid and hydrogen production equipment, the downstream hydrogen load is only considered in the transportation and heating sectors.

[0092] (A-43)

[0093] (A-44)

[0094] In the formula: for The proportion of hydrogen demand for transportation at any given time; This represents the total annual hydrogen load for transportation. for The proportion of hydrogen demand for heating at any given time; This represents the total annual hydrogen load for heating.

[0095] Equations (A-43) and (A-44) represent the constraints on hydrogen for transportation and hydrogen for heating, respectively.

[0096] (2) Hydrogen load demand response modeling

[0097] Different types of hydrogen load demand characteristics differ, allowing for demand response on the hydrogen load side. Among them, hydrogen consumption for transportation exhibits significant peak-valley differences, and off-peak refueling can be achieved through measures such as controlling refueling time and policy subsidies; therefore, it can be considered a transferable load. Hydrogen consumption for heating has a relatively small impact on users and can therefore be considered an interruptible load. The demand response model considering the characteristics of hydrogen load demand is as follows:

[0098] (A-45)

[0099] (A-46)

[0100] (A-47)

[0101] (A-48)

[0102] (A-49)

[0103] In the formula: To take into account demand response Actual hydrogen load for traffic at any given time; for Hydrogen loads for transportation that can be transferred at any time; The proportionality coefficient for transferable hydrogen load; for Interruptible hydrogen load at any time; To take into account demand response The actual hydrogen load for heating at any given time.

[0104] Equations (A-45) to (A-47) are for modeling transferable hydrogen loads; Equations (A-48) and (A-49) are for modeling interruptible hydrogen loads.

[0105] When conducting coordinated operation control and optimization of port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment, the optimization objective is to minimize the port power grid purchase cost, hydrogen purchase cost, equipment operation and maintenance cost, unit start-up and shutdown cost, and demand response compensation cost. The objective function is:

[0106] (A-50)

[0107] In the formula: , They are respectively Electricity price and hydrogen price at any given time; , These are the unit compensation costs for transferring hydrogen load and interrupting hydrogen load, respectively; This is the operation and maintenance cost coefficient; , These are the unit start-up costs for hydrogen fuel cells and electric hydrogen generator sets, respectively.

[0108] Solve the objective function to obtain the optimal scheme for the coordinated operation of the port's hydrogen-electric coupling equipment.

[0109] This embodiment uses a numerical example to illustrate the superiority of the integrated modeling and collaborative operation method for hydrogen production, storage, and power generation in new energy ports described in this invention;

[0110] This invention uses a port as a case study, and the detailed equipment operating parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0111] Table 1 Equipment Operating Parameters

[0112] equipment efficiency Maximum single-machine capacity Photovoltaics — 1 MW Electric energy storage 0.97 / 0.98 100 kW Electrogen production of hydrogen 0.7 100 kW hydrogen fuel cells 0.65 200 kW hydrogen storage tank 0.98 / 0.99 <![CDATA[1000 m 3 ]]>

[0113] To compare the advantages of the method proposed in this invention, the following three schemes are set up for comparative analysis: ① Scheme 1, which does not consider the participation of the port power grid in hydrogen energy supply and does not take into account the long-term storage of hydrogen in the storage tank; ② Scheme 2, which considers the participation of the port power grid in hydrogen energy supply based on Scheme 1; ③ Scheme 3, which further considers the long-term storage characteristics of the hydrogen storage tank based on Scheme 2 (the method proposed in this invention).

[0114] This invention solves the proposed model on the simulation platform of the general algebraic modeling system (GAMS).

[0115] Based on this example, the operating status and power consumption of the three-state electro-hydrogen production model in the established port hydrogen production-storage-power generation model for a certain day over 24 hours are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, under the same operating conditions, the operating states and power consumption of the traditional two-state electro-hydrogen production model over 24 hours are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0116] As shown in the figure, the three-state model provides greater flexibility in the operation of the electrolyzer. During the off-peak electricity demand periods t2-6 and t22-24, and the high renewable energy generation period t10-16, the unit is primarily in the operating state. During non-hydrogen production periods, the three-state model uses a hot standby state instead of a shutdown state, avoiding the start-up and shutdown costs caused by frequent electrolyzer start-up and shutdown cycles.

[0117] Furthermore, referring to the results in Table 2, the method proposed in this invention reduces the total cost by approximately 3.5% after the port power grid participates in hydrogen energy supply. While the cost of electricity purchase increases, the cost of hydrogen purchase decreases significantly. Considering long-term hydrogen storage, the total cost is further reduced by approximately 0.4%, mainly due to the reduced cost of hydrogen purchase. After the port power grid participates in hydrogen energy supply, a low-cost hydrogen supply is achieved to support photovoltaic energy consumption. Taking long-term hydrogen storage into account, the hydrogen storage tank stores a large amount of electrically generated hydrogen during periods of surplus electricity and releases it during periods of relative electricity scarcity. This avoids the high cost of direct hydrogen purchase, enabling peak shaving and valley filling of the port's power load, effectively addressing dynamic load fluctuations, reducing energy costs, improving the overall energy efficiency of the port, and providing technical support for port decarbonization.

[0118] Table 2. Execution results under different schemes

[0119] plan Total cost / 10,000 yuan Electricity purchase cost / 10,000 yuan Hydrogen purchase cost / 10,000 yuan Hydrogen production capacity / t 1 286.876 200.032 86.844 5.983 2 245.116 217.994 27.122 21.702 3 238.256 217.680 20.576 23.643

[0120] This solution also provides an integrated modeling and collaborative operation system for hydrogen production, storage, and power generation at new energy ports, including the following modules:

[0121] Data acquisition module: used to acquire the operating parameters of electrolyzers, hydrogen energy storage devices, and hydrogen fuel cells, as well as the network coefficients and operating coefficients of the power grid model; acquire electricity load demand, hydrogen load demand, and power output scenario data of wind power and photovoltaic power at different time sections;

[0122] Model building module: Used for piecewise linearization based on nonlinear hydrogen production model, while considering the three operating states of electric hydrogen production unit: start-up, shutdown and hot standby, to establish an electric hydrogen production unit operation model that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of hydrogen production and start-up and shutdown characteristics. Based on this, an integrated hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation system model for new energy ports is constructed.

[0123] Optimization module: Used for the coordinated operation control and optimization of port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment based on the integrated hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation system model.

[0124] This solution also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0125] Step 1: Obtain the operating parameters of the electrolyzer, hydrogen energy storage device, and hydrogen fuel cell, as well as the network coefficients and operating coefficients of the power grid model;

[0126] Step 2: Obtain electricity load demand, hydrogen load demand, and power output scenario data for wind power and photovoltaic power at different time sections;

[0127] Step 3: Based on the nonlinear hydrogen production model, piecewise linearization is performed, and the three operating states of the electric hydrogen production unit, namely start-up, shutdown and hot standby, are considered. An operating model of the electric hydrogen production unit that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of hydrogen production and start-up and shutdown characteristics is established.

[0128] Step 4: Based on the operation model of the electric hydrogen production unit that takes into account the dynamic characteristics and start-up and shutdown characteristics of hydrogen production in Step 3, construct an integrated system model of hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation for new energy ports.

[0129] Step 5: Based on the integrated hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation system model described in Step 4, conduct coordinated operation control and optimization of port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment.

[0130] This solution also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0131] Step 1: Obtain the operating parameters of the electrolyzer, hydrogen energy storage device, and hydrogen fuel cell, as well as the network coefficients and operating coefficients of the power grid model;

[0132] Step 2: Obtain electricity load demand, hydrogen load demand, and power output scenario data for wind power and photovoltaic power at different time sections;

[0133] Step 3: Based on the nonlinear hydrogen production model, piecewise linearization is performed, and the three operating states of the electric hydrogen production unit, namely start-up, shutdown and hot standby, are considered. An operating model of the electric hydrogen production unit that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of hydrogen production and start-up and shutdown characteristics is established.

[0134] Step 4: Based on the operation model of the electric hydrogen production unit that takes into account the dynamic characteristics and start-up and shutdown characteristics of hydrogen production in Step 3, construct an integrated system model of hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation for new energy ports.

[0135] Step 5: Based on the integrated hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation system model described in Step 4, conduct coordinated operation control and optimization of port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment.

[0136] The embodiments described above are merely one implementation method of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for integrated modeling and collaborative operation of hydrogen production, storage, and power generation in new energy ports, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the operating parameters of the electrolyzer, hydrogen energy storage device, and hydrogen fuel cell, as well as the network coefficients and operating coefficients of the power grid model; Step 2: Obtain electricity load demand, hydrogen load demand, and power output scenario data for wind power and photovoltaic power at different time sections; Step 3: Based on the nonlinear hydrogen production model, piecewise linearization is performed, and the three operating states of the electric hydrogen production unit, namely start-up, shutdown and hot standby, are considered. An operating model of the electric hydrogen production unit that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of hydrogen production and start-up and shutdown characteristics is established. Step 4: Based on the operation model of the electric hydrogen production unit that takes into account the dynamic characteristics and start-up and shutdown characteristics of hydrogen production in Step 3, construct an integrated system model of hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation for new energy ports. Step 5: Based on the integrated hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation system model described in Step 4, conduct coordinated operation control and optimization of port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment.

2. The integrated modeling and collaborative operation method for hydrogen production-storage-power generation in new energy ports according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric hydrogen generator unit operation model in step 3, which takes into account the dynamic characteristics and start-up / shutdown characteristics of hydrogen production, is as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； in, and These represent the operating voltage and operating current of each electrolytic cell unit, respectively. This represents the reversible electromotive force of the electrolytic cell unit; Indicates the area of ​​the electrolytic plate; Indicates the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell; Indicates the number of electrolytic cells stacked; This indicates the operating voltage of the electrolytic hydrogen production system; This indicates the electrical power consumed by the electrolysis hydrogen production system; Indicates the Faraday efficiency; This indicates the hydrogen production rate of the electrolysis hydrogen production system; Indicates the molar mass of hydrogen gas; Indicates the number of electrons transferred during electrolysis; Denotes Faraday's constant; This indicates the calorific value of hydrogen. This indicates the energy conversion efficiency of the hydrogen electrolysis system; , , , , , , , , , These are all empirical parameters; , , , and All are integer variables, where, Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen generator unit s is in operation; Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen generator unit s is in a shutdown state; Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen production unit s is in hot standby mode; Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen generator unit s is in the start-up state; Used to indicate whether the electric hydrogen production unit s is in stage l; This represents the input power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s during time period t and stage l; and These represent the maximum and minimum input power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s in stage l, respectively; This represents the input power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s during time period t; This represents the hydrogen production flow rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s during time period t; This represents the thermal standby power of the electrolytic hydrogen production system s; and These are all parameters of the linearized hydrogen production curve of the electrolytic hydrogen production system.

3. The integrated modeling and collaborative operation method for hydrogen production-storage-power generation in new energy ports according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated hydrogen production-storage-power generation system model for new energy ports in step 4 is specifically as follows: Based on the operating model of the electric hydrogen generator unit, which takes into account the dynamic and start-up / shutdown characteristics of hydrogen production, specific constraints are imposed on the operation of the electric hydrogen generator unit, hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen energy storage equipment, and port power grid, including: (1) Operational constraints of electric hydrogen production units ； ； ； ； in, for Moment-powered hydrogen production unit Output hydrogen flow rate; This refers to the calorific value of hydrogen. The hydrogen production efficiency of the electric hydrogen generator unit; for Moment-powered hydrogen production unit Power consumption; , They are electric hydrogen production units Upper and lower limits of input electrical power; , They are respectively Moment-powered hydrogen production unit Power-on and power-off status variables, when power-on , When shutting down , ; for Moment-powered hydrogen production unit The startup state variables; (2) Operational constraints of hydrogen fuel cells: ； ； ； ； in, for Moment hydrogen fuel cell Hydrogen flow rate consumed; For the power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells; for Moment hydrogen fuel cell Output electrical power; , Hydrogen fuel cells Upper and lower limits of output power; , They are respectively Moment hydrogen fuel cell Power-on and power-off status variables, when power-on , When shutting down , ; They are respectively Moment hydrogen fuel cell The startup state variables; (3) Operational constraints of hydrogen energy storage: ； ； ； ； ； ； in, The scheduling period; For scheduling intervals; for Hydrogen storage tank Hydrogen storage capacity; The self-loss coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank; , They are respectively Hydrogen storage tank Hydrogen charging and discharging flow rates; , These are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the hydrogen storage tank, respectively. , Let them be integer variables, representing respectively Hydrogen storage tank The charging and discharging states of hydrogen, during hydrogen charging , When hydrogen is released , When not charging or discharging ; , These are the minimum and maximum hydrogen filling and discharging flow rates of the hydrogen storage tank, respectively. , Hydrogen storage tanks Upper and lower limits of hydrogen storage capacity; (4) Hydrogen load supply and demand balance constraints: ； in, , They are respectively The amount of hydrogen purchased and the amount of hydrogen demanded at any given time; (5) Port power grid operation model: The operational constraints of the port power grid based on the AC power flow model and considering energy storage are as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； in, , , , , , They are respectively with nodes A collection of interconnected start-up nodes, end-up nodes, energy storage, photovoltaic units, hydrogen fuel cells, and electric hydrogen production units; , They are respectively Timetable Transmitted active power and reactive power; , The lines are respectively Resistance and reactance; , They are respectively Injection nodes from upstream power grid Active power and reactive power; for Time Node The square of the voltage amplitude; for Timetable The square of the current amplitude; , They are respectively Instantaneous energy storage The charging and discharging power; for Moment Photovoltaic Unit Grid-connected power; , They are respectively Time Node Active load and reactive load; These are the upper limits of reactive power injected into the upstream power grid; , They are nodes Upper and lower limits of the square of voltage amplitude; For the line The upper limit of the square of the current amplitude; This is the self-loss coefficient of electrical energy storage; , Let them be integer variables, representing respectively Instantaneous energy storage The charging and discharging states, during charging , During discharge , When not charging or discharging ; The minimum charging and discharging power for electrical energy storage; For the floor function, when When it is a multiple of 24 Established.

4. The integrated modeling and collaborative operation method for hydrogen production-storage-power generation in new energy ports according to claim 3, characterized in that, When performing coordinated operation control and optimization of the port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment in step 5, the optimization objective is to minimize the port power grid purchase cost, hydrogen purchase cost, equipment operation and maintenance cost, unit start-up and shutdown cost, and demand response compensation cost. The objective function is: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； in, , They are respectively Electricity price and hydrogen price at any given time; , These are the unit compensation costs for transferring hydrogen load and interrupting hydrogen load, respectively; This is the operation and maintenance cost coefficient; , These are the unit startup costs for hydrogen fuel cells and electric hydrogen production units, respectively. for The proportion of hydrogen demand for transportation at any given time; This represents the total annual hydrogen load for transportation. for The proportion of hydrogen demand for heating at any given time; The total annual hydrogen load for heating, To take into account demand response Actual hydrogen load for traffic at any given time; for Hydrogen loads for transportation that can be transferred at any time; The proportionality coefficient for transferable hydrogen load; for Interruptible hydrogen load at any time; To take into account demand response The actual hydrogen load for heating at any given time; Solve the objective function to obtain the optimal scheme for the coordinated operation of the port's hydrogen-electric coupling equipment.

5. A modeling and collaborative operation system for integrated hydrogen production, storage, and power generation in new energy ports, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: Data acquisition module: used to acquire the operating parameters of electrolyzers, hydrogen energy storage devices, and hydrogen fuel cells, as well as the network coefficients and operating coefficients of the power grid model; acquire electricity load demand, hydrogen load demand, and power output scenario data of wind power and photovoltaic power at different time sections; Model building module: Used for piecewise linearization based on nonlinear hydrogen production model, while considering the three operating states of electric hydrogen production unit: start-up, shutdown and hot standby, to establish an electric hydrogen production unit operation model that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of hydrogen production and start-up and shutdown characteristics. Based on this, an integrated hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation system model for new energy ports is constructed. Optimization module: Used for the coordinated operation control and optimization of port hydrogen-electric coupling equipment based on the integrated hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-power generation system model.

6. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer-storable medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-4.

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