Energy-saving system capable of comprehensively applying solar photovoltaic power generation energy storage, air suspension compressor, air pump and liquid pump and recycling waste heat and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving system capable of comprehensively applying solar photovoltaic power generation energy storage, an air suspension compressor, an air pump and a liquid pump and recycling waste heat and a control method. The energy-saving system comprises an indoor heat exchange tail end and an outdoor heat dissipation unit, and a heat pipe evaporator and an air conditioner evaporator are arranged at the indoor tail end; steam is converged into the main air pipe through the air pump and the air suspension compressor respectively; the outdoor unit is provided with an air-cooled heat pipe condenser and an air-cooled air conditioner condenser and is matched with a liquid storage tank, a liquid pump module and a throttling device to form a natural cold source heat exchange loop and a mechanical compression refrigerating loop. The refrigeration control method is based on an outdoor temperature, return air temperature deviation and condensation side parameter judgment mode, and the three-way switching valve is driven to distribute steam in proportion and cooperatively adjust the fan, the pump and the compressor in a mixed mode. According to the energy management method, photovoltaic, energy storage and mains supply cooperate with a direct current bus to supply energy, priority power supply, power compensation and key load guarantee are executed according to an SOC threshold value and bus voltage, and the temperature control stability and energy efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of green energy supply and thermal management technology for communication equipment rooms, and involves technologies such as solar photovoltaic power generation, energy storage power supply, equipment room heat dissipation and cooling control, and waste heat recovery and utilization. In particular, it relates to an energy-saving system and control method that integrates solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage with air suspension compressor, air pump and liquid pump and can recover waste heat. Background Technology

[0002] Communication equipment rooms are used to deploy communication equipment, servers, and supporting power and environmental protection devices. Their internal loads are characterized by continuity, high density, and fluctuation. Sensible heat generated by equipment operation is the primary component, compounded by heat loss from rectifiers, batteries, and power distribution units, easily leading to localized heat accumulation and temperature gradients. This can cause risks such as accelerated component aging and increased communication failure rates. To ensure reliable equipment operation, dedicated air conditioning and ventilation systems are typically configured, and energy efficiency indicators such as PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) are used to measure the overall energy consumption level of the equipment room.

[0003] Current communication equipment room cooling methods primarily rely on mechanical compression refrigeration systems, with some scenarios incorporating ventilation and natural cooling. However, in terms of utilizing natural cooling sources, existing heat pipe cooling technologies largely depend on gravity circulation or simple temperature difference-driven processes, whose heat exchange capacity is severely limited by the height difference between indoor and outdoor units and the fluid resistance in the pipes. During transitional seasons or when outdoor temperature differences are small, insufficient circulation power leads to low efficiency in utilizing natural cooling sources. Regarding energy supply architecture, existing cooling loads mostly use AC power. When renewable energy sources such as solar energy are introduced, the electrical energy must undergo multiple stages of inverter losses and rectification, and the energy dissipation during the intermediate conversion process significantly reduces the overall energy efficiency of the system. Furthermore, traditional mechanical compressors inevitably require lubricating oil during operation, and the refrigerant forms an oil film thermal resistance on the inner wall of the heat exchanger pipes during circulation. This not only weakens the heat transfer coefficient at the heat exchange interface but also increases the compressor's operating power consumption. Finally, the large amount of low- and medium-temperature waste heat generated by communication equipment room cooling systems is often directly discharged into the atmosphere, lacking an effective energy recovery and cascade utilization mechanism. Meanwhile, existing energy-saving solutions are mostly physical superpositions of single components, lacking system-level power decoupling and collaborative control logic, making it difficult to achieve optimal energy efficiency balance under dynamically changing outdoor weather conditions and fluctuating energy supply.

[0004] In summary, existing data center cooling systems still have significant shortcomings in terms of the flexibility of natural cooling source scheduling, energy conversion efficiency, and optimization of heat exchange interface performance. Therefore, how to construct a comprehensive energy-saving system that integrates efficient natural cooling, low-loss energy drive, and waste heat utilization, and to coordinate it with precise collaborative control strategies to improve energy utilization efficiency, is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical issues To address at least one of the aforementioned shortcomings and deficiencies in existing technologies, this invention aims to provide an energy-saving system and control method that integrates solar photovoltaic power generation and storage with an air-suspension compressor, air pump, and liquid pump, and allows for waste heat recovery. This system couples and integrates a natural cold source heat exchange system with a mechanical compression refrigeration system and sets priority control logic. It prioritizes the use of the natural cold source heat exchange system, only activating the mechanical compression refrigeration system as a supplement when necessary, and selectively utilizes waste heat to maximize energy savings. The solar photovoltaic power generation is directly used in the DC refrigeration system, eliminating intermediate inverter stages and reducing power conversion losses. This ensures high reliability of communication equipment while maximizing the use of natural cold sources and clean energy, significantly reducing system operating energy consumption and carbon emission intensity.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The first objective of this invention is to provide an energy-saving system that integrates solar photovoltaic power generation and storage with an air-suspended compressor, air pump, and liquid pump, and allows for waste heat recovery. This system is used for heat dissipation and temperature control of servers in data centers or communication equipment rooms, and includes an indoor heat exchange terminal and an outdoor heat dissipation unit, wherein: The indoor heat exchange terminals are arranged in the communication equipment room and are provided in one or more sets. Each indoor heat exchange terminal is provided with at least one heat pipe evaporator and one air conditioning evaporator. The heat pipe evaporator is arranged on the upstream side of the air path of the air conditioning evaporator. The steam outlet of each heat pipe evaporator is connected to a gas collection pipe I through a gas pipe branch. The steam outlet of each air conditioning evaporator is connected to a gas collection pipe II through a gas pipe branch. The gas collection pipe I is connected to the main gas pipe through a gas pump. The gas collection pipe II is connected to the main gas pipe through a gas suspension compressor. The outdoor heat dissipation unit is located outside the communication equipment room and is equipped with at least one air-cooled heat pipe condenser, one air-cooled air conditioning condenser, and one three-way switching valve. The air-cooled heat pipe condenser is located on the upstream side of the air path of the air-cooled air conditioning condenser. The inlet of the three-way switching valve is connected to the main gas pipe, and the first outlet and the second outlet are connected to the vapor inlets of the air-cooled heat pipe condenser and the air-cooled air conditioning condenser, respectively. The condensate outlets of the air-cooled heat pipe condenser and the air-cooled air conditioning condenser are both connected to the liquid inlet of a liquid storage tank. The liquid outlet of the storage tank is divided into a first liquid path and a second liquid path. The first liquid path is connected to a liquid distribution pipe I via a liquid pump module and supplies liquid to the liquid inlet of each heat pipe evaporator. The second liquid path is connected to a liquid distribution pipe II via a throttling device and supplies liquid to the liquid inlet of each air conditioning evaporator. Thus, a natural cold source heat exchange circuit is formed between each heat pipe evaporator and the air-cooled heat pipe condenser, and a mechanical compression refrigeration circuit is formed between each air conditioning evaporator and the air-cooled air conditioning condenser.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is to provide a refrigeration control method for the above-mentioned energy-saving system, used to control the energy-saving system to switch between natural cold source heat exchange mode, mechanical compression refrigeration mode, and natural cold source-mechanical compression hybrid mode, comprising at least the following steps: SS1. Real-time acquisition of operating parameters: The outdoor ambient temperature To, the return air temperature Tr and the set control temperature Ts of the communication equipment room are collected in real time through temperature and pressure sensors, as well as the condensing pressure Pc and condensing temperature Tc of the condensing side of the outdoor heat dissipation unit, and the temperature deviation ΔT=Tr-Ts is calculated. SS2. Operating Mode Determination: Compare To with the available threshold Te for natural cold source, and combine ΔT with preset deviation thresholds ΔT1 and ΔT2 for determination: When To≤Te and ΔT≤ΔT1, it is determined to enter the natural cold source heat exchange mode; when To>Te or ΔT≥ΔT2, it is determined to enter the mechanical compression refrigeration mode; when To≤Te and ΔT1<ΔT<ΔT2, it is determined to enter the natural cold source-mechanical compression hybrid mode. SS3. Natural cold source heat exchange mode control: When the natural cold source heat exchange mode is entered, the three-way switching valve is controlled to connect the main gas pipe with the air-cooled heat pipe condenser, the gas pump and liquid pump module are started to establish a natural cold source heat exchange circuit, and the operating status of the indoor fan and condenser fan is adjusted based on Tr, Pc and Tc to achieve heat dissipation of the machine room through the natural circulation of the heat pipe. SS4. Mechanical Compression Refrigeration Mode Control: When the mechanical compression refrigeration mode is entered, the three-way switching valve is controlled to connect the main gas pipe to the air-cooled air conditioner condenser, the air suspension compressor and throttling device are started to establish a mechanical compression refrigeration circuit, and the operating status of the indoor fan and condenser fan is adjusted based on Tr, Pc and Tc to achieve cooling of the computer room through the mechanical compression refrigeration cycle. SS5. Hybrid Mode Control: When the system determines that it is entering the natural cooling source-mechanical compression hybrid mode, the three-way switching valve is controlled based on Tr, Pc, and Tc to simultaneously distribute refrigerant vapor to the air-cooled heat pipe condenser and the air-cooled air conditioner condenser according to the set ratio. At the same time, the gas pump, air suspension compressor, liquid pump module, and throttling device are started to enable the natural cooling source heat exchange circuit and the mechanical compression refrigeration circuit to operate in coordination. When ΔT drops back to ΔT1, the system exits the hybrid mode and enters the natural cooling source heat exchange mode, or when To>Te or ΔT≥ΔT2, the system exits the hybrid mode and enters the mechanical compression refrigeration mode.

[0008] The third objective of this invention is to provide an energy management method for the above-mentioned energy-saving system, comprising at least the following steps: S100. Real-time acquisition of power supply and bus status: Real-time acquisition of the DC output voltage V of the solar photovoltaic power generation system. pv With output power P pv State of charge (SOC) and maximum allowable charging power of the battery energy storage system and the upper limit of the allowable discharge power The available status G of the mains power grid interface and the DC power supply bus voltage V dc The power consumption of the air pump, liquid pump module, air suspension compressor, indoor fan, and condenser fan is collected to form the load power P. load ; S200. Power Supply Mode Determination: P pv With P load The SOC is compared and combined with preset thresholds SOC1 and SOC2 to make a judgment: when P pv ≥P load When P is determined to be in photovoltaic priority power supply mode; pv <P load When SOC ≥ SOC1, it is determined to be a photovoltaic-cell co-power supply mode; when SOC < SOC2 or the grid interface is determined to be available and P pv Insufficient to maintain V dc When the target range is reached, the mains power supplemental power supply mode is determined; where SOC1 is used to characterize the minimum state of charge limit that allows the battery to enter continuous discharge, and SOC2 is used to characterize the minimum state of charge limit of the battery deep discharge protection and power supply safety margin. S300. Photovoltaic Priority Power Supply Control: In photovoltaic priority power supply mode, the photovoltaic-side DC / DC conversion module is controlled to supply power to the DC power supply bus in maximum power point tracking mode and maintain V. dc Within the defined interval, and at P pv Greater than P load Under the condition of remaining power, the battery energy storage system is controlled to enter the charging state through the bidirectional DC / DC converter module; S400. Photovoltaic-Battery Co-powering Control: In photovoltaic-battery co-powering mode, the photovoltaic-side DC / DC converter module is controlled to continuously supply power to the DC power supply bus, while the battery energy storage system is controlled to discharge and compensate P through the bidirectional DC / DC converter module. pv With P load The power difference, so that V dc Maintain within the set range and limit the discharge power to no more than ; S500. Mains Power Supplement Control: In mains power supplement mode, the control unit supplies power from the mains grid interface to the DC power supply bus via the AC / DC converter module to maintain V. dc Within the defined interval, and at P pv When charging is possible, the system controls the charging of the battery energy storage system or maintains the SOC at no less than SOC2, and enters the battery power supply state to maintain power supply to critical loads when the mains grid interface is unavailable.

[0009] (III) Technical Effects Compared with existing technologies, the energy-saving system and control method provided by this invention, which integrates solar photovoltaic power generation and storage with air suspension compressors, air pumps, and liquid pumps and allows for waste heat recovery, has the following technical advantages: (1) The present invention constructs a dual-loop heat dissipation architecture of heat pipe natural cold source heat exchange loop and air suspension compressor refrigeration loop, and works in coordination with two types of condensers through three-way diversion, so that the system can switch between natural, mechanical and hybrid modes according to changes in outdoor environment and computer room heat load. It prioritizes the use of natural cold source heat exchange system, with mechanical compression refrigeration system as a supplement, and can selectively utilize waste heat to maximize energy saving.

[0010] (2) The present invention introduces a joint criterion of return air temperature deviation and condensing side pressure / temperature in refrigeration control, forming a fan, pump and compressor coordinated adjustment mechanism oriented towards condensing side constraints, which can suppress fluctuations caused by condensing side overpressure and insufficient heat exchange capacity, and achieve stable heat dissipation and rapid response; in the mixed mode, the steam flow is proportionally distributed to improve the cooling capacity matching capability when the two loops are running simultaneously.

[0011] (3) This invention proposes a DC bus energy management strategy that coordinates photovoltaic, battery, and mains power. Solar photovoltaic power generation is directly used in the DC cooling system without intermediate inverter stages, reducing power conversion losses and improving photovoltaic utilization, thereby further achieving energy saving. In addition, this invention achieves switching between photovoltaic priority power supply, battery smooth compensation, and mains power supplementation through bus voltage stabilization, SOC threshold constraint, and power limiting control. When mains power is unavailable, it can switch to battery power supply and maintain power supply for critical loads in stages, thereby improving the power supply reliability and safety margin of the computer room heat dissipation system under power fluctuation scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-saving system of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an energy-saving system utilizing a natural cold source for heat exchange.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an energy-saving system that utilizes natural cold sources for heat exchange and mechanical compression refrigeration systems as supplements, while also requiring waste heat recovery.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an energy-saving system that is directly powered by a solar photovoltaic power generation system and simultaneously stored in a battery.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an energy-saving system powered by a battery storage system. Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the refrigeration control method for an energy-saving system. Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the energy management method for energy-saving systems.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Indoor heat exchange terminal, 1-1 Heat pipe evaporator, 1-2 Air conditioning evaporator, 1-3 Indoor fan, 1-4 Indoor controller, 2-DC air suspension compressor, 3-Outdoor heat dissipation unit, 3-1 Air-cooled heat pipe condenser, 3-2 Air-cooled air conditioning condenser, 3-3 Condenser fan, 3-4 Outdoor condenser controller, 3-5 Three-way switching valve, 4-Throttling device, 5-Air pump, 6-Liquid pump module, 6-1 Liquid pump I, 6-2 7-Liquid pump II, 8-Liquid storage tank, 9-Waste heat recovery heat exchanger, 10-Solar photovoltaic power generation system, 11-Battery energy storage system, 12-Integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit, 13-Main power grid interface, 14-Gas collecting pipe I, 15-Gas collecting pipe II, 16-Liquid dispensing pipe I, 17-Liquid dispensing pipe II, 18-Main liquid pipe I, 19-Main liquid pipe II, 20-Solenoid valve I, 21-Solenoid valve II. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This invention aims to provide an energy-saving system and control method that integrates solar photovoltaic power generation and storage with an air-suspended compressor, air pump, and liquid pump, and allows for waste heat recovery. To better understand this invention, the following embodiments further illustrate its content, making its advantages and features more readily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the following descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0019] Example 1: Energy-saving system Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the energy-saving system of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the energy-saving system of the present invention, which integrates solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage with air suspension compressor, air pump, and liquid pump and can recover waste heat, is used for heat removal and temperature control of servers in data centers or communication equipment rooms. It includes an indoor heat exchange terminal 1, a DC air suspension compressor 2, an outdoor heat dissipation unit 3, a throttling device 4, an air pump 5, a liquid pump module 6, a liquid storage tank 7, a waste heat recovery heat exchanger 8, a solar photovoltaic power generation system 9, a battery energy storage system 10, a photovoltaic and energy storage integrated machine 11, a mains power grid interface 12, a gas collecting pipe I 13, a gas collecting pipe II 14, a liquid distributing pipe I 15, a liquid distributing pipe II 16, a main gas pipe 17, a main liquid pipe I 18, a main liquid pipe II 19, a solenoid valve I 20, a solenoid valve II 21, etc.

[0020] Indoor heat exchange terminal 1 is arranged in the communication equipment room and is provided in one or more sets. Each indoor heat exchange terminal 1 includes at least a heat pipe evaporator 1-1, an air conditioning evaporator 1-2, an indoor fan 1-3, and an indoor controller 1-4. The heat pipe evaporator 1-1 is preferably arranged on the upstream side of the air duct of the air conditioning evaporator 1-2, so that the return air is pre-cooled by passing through the heat pipe evaporator 1-1 before entering the air conditioning evaporator 1-2 for deep cooling. The indoor fan 1-3 is arranged in the same air duct of the heat pipe evaporator 1-1 and the air conditioning evaporator 1-2 and is located downstream of the two evaporators. The indoor controller 1-4 is communicatively connected to the indoor temperature sensor and the indoor fan 1-3 and is used to adjust the indoor fan speed according to the return air temperature of the communication equipment room.

[0021] The outdoor heat dissipation unit 3 is located outside the communication equipment room and includes at least an air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1, an air-cooled air conditioner condenser 3-2, a condensing fan 3-3, an outdoor condensing controller 3-4, and a three-way switching valve 3-5. The air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1 is located upstream of the airflow path of the air-cooled air conditioner condenser 3-2, so that the incoming air first exchanges heat with the air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1 before flowing through the air-cooled air conditioner condenser 3-2. The condensing fan 3-3 is located on the air inlet or outlet side of the corresponding condenser. The outdoor condensing controller 3-4 is communicatively connected to the condensing pressure sensor and / or condensing temperature sensor and the condensing fan 3-3 to adjust the heat exchange intensity of the outdoor heat dissipation unit and maintain stable operation on the condensing side.

[0022] The three-way switching valve 3-5 is an electric or pneumatic three-way switching valve with one inlet and two non-connected outlets. Its inlet is connected to the main gas pipe 17, the first outlet is connected to the steam inlet of the air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1, and the second outlet is connected to the steam inlet of the air-cooled air conditioning condenser 3-2. The three-way switching valve 3-5 is configured to switch between the first outlet and the second outlet in a controlled manner and can distribute the flow according to a set ratio to achieve coordinated switching and distribution between the natural cold source heat exchange circuit and the mechanical compression refrigeration circuit. Check valves are installed on the first outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe respectively to suppress gas crossflow and backflow between the condensers during the three-way switching process.

[0023] Multiple heat pipe evaporators 1-1, air pump 5, air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1, liquid storage tank 7, and liquid pump module 6 are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a natural cold source heat exchange system. At this time, the steam outlets of the multiple heat pipe evaporators 1-1 are connected to multiple inlets of the gas collecting pipe I 13 through gas pipe branches. An independent shut-off valve or check valve is installed at the connection between each gas pipe branch and the gas collecting pipe I 13 to independently regulate or cut off the steam flow from different indoor heat exchange terminals and reduce mutual interference. The outlet of the gas collecting pipe I 13 is connected to the inlet of air pump 5, and the outlet of air pump 5 is connected to the main gas pipe 17 through pipelines and connected to the inlet of the three-way switching valve 3-5. The first outlet of the three-way switching valve 3-5 is connected to the inlet of the air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1 through a pipeline. The outlet of the air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1 is connected to the inlet of the liquid storage tank 7 through the main liquid pipe I18. The outlet of the liquid storage tank 7 is connected to the main liquid pipe II19 and divided into the first liquid path and the second liquid path. The first liquid path is connected to the liquid pump module 6 through the solenoid valve I20 and then flows into the distribution pipe I15. It is then connected to the inlet of multiple heat pipe evaporators 1-1 through the multiple outlets of the distribution pipe I15 and the pipeline. Thus, a natural cold source heat exchange loop is formed between each heat pipe evaporator 1-1 and the air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1.

[0024] Multiple air conditioning evaporators 1-2, a DC air-suspended compressor 2, an air-cooled air conditioning condenser 3-2, a liquid receiver 7, and a throttling device 4 constitute a mechanical compression refrigeration system. At this time, the vapor outlets of the multiple air conditioning evaporators 1-2 are connected to multiple inlets of the gas collecting pipe II 14 via gas pipe branches. The gas collecting pipe II 14 extends along the direction of the indoor heat exchange terminals and has multiple branch pipe interfaces along its length. An independent shut-off valve or check valve is installed at the connection point of each gas pipe branch and the gas collecting pipe II 14 to independently regulate or cut off the vapor flow from different indoor heat exchange terminals and reduce mutual interference. The outlet of the gas collecting pipe II 14 is connected to the inlet of the DC air-suspended compressor 2. The outlet of the DC air-suspended compressor 2 merges into the main gas pipe 17 via a pipeline and is connected to the inlet of the three-way switching valve 3-5. The second outlet of 5 is connected to the inlet of the air-cooled air conditioner condenser 3-2 through a pipeline. The outlet of the air-cooled air conditioner condenser 3-2 is connected to the inlet of the liquid storage tank 7 through the main liquid pipe I18. The outlet of the liquid storage tank 7 is connected to the main liquid pipe II19. After the main liquid pipe II19 is led out, it is divided into the first liquid path and the second liquid path. The second liquid path is connected to the inlet of the throttling device 4 through the solenoid valve II21. The outlet of the throttling device 4 is connected to the inlet of the liquid distribution pipe II16. The multiple outlets of the liquid distribution pipe II16 and the pipeline are connected to the inlets of multiple air conditioner evaporators 1-2. Thus, a mechanical compression refrigeration circuit is formed between each air conditioner evaporator 1-2 and the air-cooled air conditioner condenser 3-2.

[0025] The liquid pump module 6 preferably includes liquid pump I 6-1 and liquid pump II 6-2 arranged in parallel. The inlets of liquid pump I 6-1 and liquid pump II 6-2 are both connected to the first liquid circuit, and the outlets of both are connected to the liquid distribution pipe I 15. The inlet side and / or outlet side of liquid pump I 6-1 and liquid pump II 6-2 are respectively provided with shut-off valve and check valve for isolation switching and preventing backflow, so that liquid pump I 6-1 and liquid pump II 6-2 form a liquid pump redundancy structure with one in standby and one in use. When one of the liquid pumps is operating normally, the other liquid pump is in standby or maintenance state.

[0026] Preferably, both the liquid distribution pipe I15 and the liquid distribution pipe II16 extend along the arrangement direction of the indoor heat exchange terminals. Each liquid distribution pipe has multiple liquid distribution branches connected to the corresponding indoor heat exchange terminals along its length. Each liquid distribution branch is equipped with a shut-off valve and a flow regulating valve between its liquid inlet and the liquid inlet of the corresponding heat pipe evaporator 1-1 or air conditioning evaporator 1-2. These valves are used for the zoned isolation and maintenance of each indoor heat exchange terminal and for the balanced regulation of the refrigerant flow in each branch, thereby achieving reliable distribution of refrigerant to each indoor heat exchange terminal.

[0027] Solenoid valves I20 and II21 are linked for control based on the operating state of the three-way switching valve 3-5: when the natural cold source heat exchange circuit is running, solenoid valve I20 is open and solenoid valve II21 is closed; when the mechanical compression refrigeration circuit is running, solenoid valve II21 is open and solenoid valve I20 is closed; when the natural cold source heat exchange circuit and the mechanical compression refrigeration circuit are running simultaneously, both solenoid valves I20 and II21 are open to coordinate with the proportional distribution of the three-way switching valve 3-5 to achieve coordinated operation of the two circuits.

[0028] A waste heat recovery branch is connected in parallel before the inlet of the three-way switching valve 3-5 on the main gas pipe 17. A waste heat recovery heat exchanger 8 is installed on it. A first valve and a second valve are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet of the hot side of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger 8 to control the opening and closing of the branch. The cold side of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger 8 is connected to the heat exchange circuit of the building heating system, domestic hot water system or fresh air preheating system, so that some of the high-temperature steam from the natural cold source heat exchange circuit and / or mechanical compression refrigeration circuit can recover heat and transfer it to the external heat use system before entering the air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1 and the air-cooled air conditioning condenser 3-2.

[0029] In this embodiment, the system also includes a photovoltaic-storage integrated unit 11 and a solar photovoltaic power generation system 9, a battery energy storage system 10 and a mains power grid interface 12 electrically connected thereto. The photovoltaic-storage integrated unit 11 is electrically connected to DC power components such as a DC air suspension compressor 2, an air pump 5, a liquid pump module 6, an indoor fan 1-3, a condenser fan 3-3, an indoor controller 1-4, and an outdoor condenser controller 3-4 via a DC power supply bus to realize DC power supply to the heat dissipation and energy saving system.

[0030] The integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit 11 includes a power distribution and switching control unit and a power conversion unit for DC-DC step-down frequency regulation and AC-DC conversion. The power conversion unit includes at least a first DC / DC conversion module, a second DC / DC conversion module, and an AC / DC conversion module. The solar photovoltaic power generation system 9 is electrically connected to the DC power supply bus via the first DC / DC conversion module, the battery energy storage system 10 is bidirectionally connected to the DC power supply bus via the second DC / DC conversion module, and the mains grid interface 12 is electrically connected to the DC power supply bus via the AC / DC conversion module. The power distribution and switching control unit... The unit is connected to the detection port and grid connection switch of the solar photovoltaic power generation system 9, the battery energy storage system 10, and the mains power grid interface 12. It is configured to allow the solar photovoltaic power generation system 9 to prioritize powering the computer room heat dissipation and energy saving system through the first DC / DC conversion module. Secondly, when the photovoltaic output meets the load, it is distributed to the battery energy storage system 10 through the second DC / DC conversion module for energy storage and to power the system at night or on cloudy days. When the photovoltaic output is insufficient and the battery charge status is lower than the preset threshold, it is connected to the mains power grid interface 12 through the AC / DC conversion module as a power supplement.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-saving system of the present invention utilizing a natural cold source heat exchange system. As shown in the figure, when the natural cold source heat exchange system is running, the refrigerant liquid in the multiple heat pipe evaporators 1-1 absorbs heat from the server and becomes refrigerant vapor. It then enters the gas collecting pipe I13 through multiple inlets of its respective gas branch pipes and gas collecting pipe I13. The refrigerant vapor collected in the gas collecting pipe I13 is then pumped into the main gas pipe 17 through the gas pump 5 and pipelines. It then enters the air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1 through the inlet and first outlet of the three-way switching valve 3-5 and condenses into liquid. The condensed refrigerant liquid enters the main liquid pipe I18 through pipelines and then enters the liquid storage tank 7. After that, it enters the liquid pump module 6 through the main liquid pipe II19 connected to the outlet of the liquid storage tank 7, the first liquid circuit, and the solenoid valve I20. It then flows back to the multiple heat pipe evaporators 1-1 through the liquid distribution pipe I15 and its multiple outlets, where it absorbs heat and evaporates again, thereby dissipating the heat from the computer room. The refrigerant flow at this time is shown by arrow A in the figure.

[0032] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram illustrating the energy-saving system of the present invention when using natural cold source heat exchange and mechanical compression refrigeration system as supplements, and when there is a need for waste heat recovery. As shown in the figure, when the system prioritizes using natural cold source heat exchange and mechanical compression refrigeration system as supplements, in the natural cold source heat exchange system, the refrigerant liquid in the multiple heat pipe evaporators 1-1 absorbs heat from the server and becomes refrigerant vapor. It then enters the gas collecting pipe I13 through multiple inlets of its respective gas branch pipes and gas collecting pipe I13. The refrigerant vapor collected in the gas collecting pipe I13 is then pumped into the main gas pipe 17 by the gas pump 5 and pipelines, and enters the air-cooled heat pipe condenser 3-1 through the inlet and first outlet of the three-way switching valve 3-5, where it is condensed into liquid. Afterwards, the refrigerant liquid flows through the main liquid pipe I18 and then into the liquid storage tank 7. It then flows through the main liquid pipe II19 (connected to the outlet of the liquid storage tank 7), the first liquid circuit, and the solenoid valve I20 before entering the liquid pump module 6. From there, it flows back through the distributor pipe I15 and its multiple outlets to the multiple heat pipe evaporators 1-1, where it absorbs heat again and evaporates, thus dissipating the heat from the machine room. In the mechanical compression refrigeration system, the refrigerant liquid in the multiple air conditioning evaporators 1-2 absorbs heat from the air cooled by the multiple heat pipe evaporators 1-1, transforming into refrigerant vapor. The refrigerant vapors from each outlet branch pipe and the multiple inlets of the gas collecting pipe II14 enter the gas collecting pipe II14. The vapors collected in the gas collecting pipe II14 are compressed and pressurized by the DC air suspension compressor 2, then transported to the main gas pipe 17. Through the inlet and second outlet of the three-way switching valve 3-5, they enter the air-cooled air conditioner condenser 3-2 and condense into liquid. The condensed refrigerant liquid flows through the pipeline into the main liquid pipe I18 and then into the liquid storage tank 7. Afterwards, it enters the throttling device 4 through the main liquid pipe II19 connected to the outlet of the liquid storage tank 7, the second liquid circuit, and the solenoid valve II21, and then through the connected branch pipe... Liquid pipe II 16 and its multiple outlets flow back to multiple air conditioning evaporators 1-2, where they absorb heat and evaporate again, thereby discharging heat from the machine room. At this time, for the waste heat recovery demand, the refrigerant vapor collected in the main gas pipe 17 flows through the waste heat recovery branch through the hot side inlet and outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger 8 and then enters the inlet of the three-way switching valve 3-5, thereby transferring heat to the demand side through the cold side of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger 8. At this time, the refrigerant flow in the system is shown by arrow B in the figure, and the working fluid flow direction in the cold side of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger 8 is shown by arrow C in the figure.

[0033] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the energy-saving system of the present invention, where the solar photovoltaic power generation system directly supplies power and the battery simultaneously stores energy. As shown in the figure, the power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system 9 is preferentially supplied to the system through the photovoltaic-storage integrated unit 11, with the direction of energy flow as shown by arrow D→D1 in the figure; secondly, the power is distributed by the photovoltaic-storage integrated unit 11 to the battery energy storage system 10 for energy storage and to supply power to the system at night or on cloudy days, with the direction of energy flow as shown by arrow D→D2 in the figure; the mains power grid interface 12 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic-storage integrated unit 11 as a power supplement and serves as a supplementary power source for the system.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-saving system of the present invention when it is powered by a battery energy storage system. As shown in the figure, at night or on cloudy days, the system is powered by the electrical energy stored in the battery energy storage system 10, and the direction of electrical energy flow is shown by arrow D2→D1 in the figure.

[0035] Example 2: Refrigeration Control Method Based on Embodiment 1 above, Embodiment 2 further provides a refrigeration control method for the above-mentioned energy-saving system, used to control the energy-saving system to switch between natural cold source heat exchange mode, mechanical compression refrigeration mode, and natural cold source-mechanical compression hybrid mode, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the refrigeration control method includes at least the following steps when implemented: SS1. Real-time collection of operating parameters: The outdoor ambient temperature To, the return air temperature Tr of the communication equipment room and the set control temperature Ts are collected in real time by temperature and pressure sensors, as well as the condensing pressure Pc and condensing temperature Tc of the condensing side of the outdoor heat dissipation unit, and the temperature deviation ΔT=Tr-Ts is calculated.

[0036] Preferably, the return air temperature Tr is collected in the return air duct at the end of the indoor heat exchanger, located upstream or at the inlet of the heat pipe evaporator, so that Tr can characterize the direct impact of the server's heat load on the return air. The set control temperature Ts is generated by indoor controllers 1-4 according to the target supply air temperature or target return air temperature, and is configured to be adjusted in segments according to the server load level or the room's zone temperature control strategy. The condensing pressure Pc and condensing temperature Tc are collected from the pipe section before the three-way switching valve in the main air pipe of the outdoor heat dissipation unit and the condenser outlet pipe section, respectively. A uniform sampling period Δt is set, and To, Tr, Pc, and Tc are sampled synchronously and filtered in a first-order manner. Furthermore, the temperature change rate dΔT / dt is calculated simultaneously when calculating the temperature deviation ΔT, so that the temperature deviation ΔT, the temperature change rate, and the condenser-side parameters synchronously reflect the fluctuations in the room's heat load and the changes in the condenser-side heat exchange capacity.

[0037] SS2. Operating Mode Determination: The system compares To with the available threshold Te for natural cold source and combines ΔT with preset deviation thresholds ΔT1 and ΔT2 to make a determination: when To ≤ Te and ΔT ≤ ΔT1, it is determined to enter the natural cold source heat exchange mode; when To > Te or ΔT ≥ ΔT2, it is determined to enter the mechanical compression refrigeration mode; when To ≤ Te and ΔT1 < ΔT < ΔT2, it is determined to enter the natural cold source-mechanical compression hybrid mode.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the operation mode determination adopts a graded determination strategy. A natural cold source availability threshold Te is set as the outdoor ambient temperature determination benchmark. A first deviation threshold ΔT1 is set as the upper limit of temperature control for the natural cold source heat exchange mode, and a second deviation threshold ΔT2 is set as the start threshold for the mechanical compression refrigeration mode. Furthermore, the preset deviation thresholds ΔT1, ΔT2, and the natural cold source availability threshold Te are all set using a hysteresis-based dual-threshold determination method, and ΔT1 and ΔT2 satisfy the condition that ΔT2 - ΔT1 is greater than a preset hysteresis bandwidth. When switching the operation mode from the natural cold source heat exchange mode or the mechanical compression refrigeration mode to the hybrid mode, ΔT must remain within the determination range between ΔT1 and ΔT2 for a preset duration τ1 to suppress frequent switching caused by transient disturbances. When exiting the hybrid mode, ΔT must remain continuously less than ΔT1 or continuously greater than or equal to ΔT2 for a preset duration τ2 to improve mode switching stability.

[0039] SS3. Natural cold source heat exchange mode control: When the system is determined to enter the natural cold source heat exchange mode, the three-way switching valve is controlled to connect the main gas pipe to the air-cooled heat pipe condenser. The air pump and liquid pump modules are started to establish a natural cold source heat exchange circuit. The operating status of the indoor fan and condenser fan is adjusted based on Tr, Pc and Tc, and the heat is dissipated from the computer room through natural circulation of the heat pipe.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, when entering the natural cold source heat exchange mode, solenoid valve I 20 is opened and solenoid valve II 21 is closed, stopping the DC air suspension compressor 2 and keeping the throttling device 4 closed or at its minimum opening to avoid accidental activation of the mechanical compression refrigeration circuit. Subsequently, indoor fans 1-3 and condenser fans 3-3 are started in the sequence of "fans first, pumps second," followed by air pump 5 and liquid pump module 6 to reduce the impact caused by the transient pressure difference between the evaporator and condenser sides. In addition, the target speed of indoor fans 1-3 is determined based on ΔT segments, and the target speed of condenser fans 3-3 is corrected based on Pc and / or Tc closed-loop adjustment to keep Pc within a preset safe range.

[0041] SS4. Mechanical compression refrigeration mode control: When the mechanical compression refrigeration mode is entered, the three-way switching valve is controlled to connect the main gas pipe to the air-cooled air conditioner condenser, and the air suspension compressor and throttling device are started to establish a mechanical compression refrigeration circuit. Based on Tr, Pc and Tc, the operating status of the indoor fan and condenser fan is adjusted to achieve cooling of the computer room through the mechanical compression refrigeration cycle.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, when entering the mechanical compression refrigeration mode, control solenoid valve II 21 is opened and solenoid valve I 20 is closed. The DC air suspension compressor 2 is increased from low speed to target speed according to a preset speed-up ramp. The throttling device 4 is adjusted in coordination with the compressor speed according to a preset opening curve to control the changes in evaporation pressure and condensation pressure. During the compressor speed-up process, Pc is monitored in real time. When the Pc increase rate exceeds the preset rate threshold, the speed of the condenser fan 3-3 is increased first and the compressor speed-up ramp is limited to avoid overpressure on the condenser side causing system protection shutdown.

[0043] SS5. Mixed Mode Control: When the system determines that it has entered the natural cooling source-mechanical compression hybrid mode, the three-way switching valve controlled by Tr, Pc and Tc simultaneously distributes refrigerant vapor to the air-cooled heat pipe condenser and the air-cooled air conditioner condenser according to the set ratio. At the same time, the gas pump, air suspension compressor, liquid pump module and throttling device are started to make the natural cooling source heat exchange circuit and the mechanical compression refrigeration circuit work together. When ΔT drops back to ΔT1, the system exits the hybrid mode and enters the natural cooling source heat exchange mode, or when To>Te or ΔT≥ΔT2, the system exits the hybrid mode and enters the mechanical compression refrigeration mode.

[0044] Preferably, the steam distribution ratio of the three-way switching valve is characterized by a proportionality coefficient k, where k is the proportion of the steam flow entering the air-cooled heat pipe condenser to the total steam flow entering the two condensers. k is calculated based on ΔT, Pc, and Tc and is continuously adjustable within a preset range. When ΔT increases or Pc rises to near its upper limit, k is reduced to increase the proportion of steam entering the air-cooled air conditioning condenser and enhance the heat exchange and cooling capacity of the compression refrigeration circuit. When ΔT decreases and Pc is in a low-load range, k is increased to increase the proportion of heat exchange in the natural cold source circuit, thereby achieving coordinated matching and energy consumption optimization under simultaneous operation of the two circuits. Furthermore, during the execution of steps SS3 to SS5, minimum operating time and switching sequence constraints are set: after any operating mode is activated, at least τ is maintained. min Switching to another mode is allowed only after the minimum running time is reached; when switching from mechanical compression refrigeration mode to natural cold source heat exchange mode or hybrid mode, the speed of air suspension compressor is first reduced to the target low speed by a preset ramp and Pc is kept below the preset switching pressure threshold. Then, the three-way switching valve is controlled to complete the reversal or diversion opening adjustment. Subsequently, the air pump and liquid pump modules are started or stopped, thereby reducing the transient impact of valve switching and improving system reliability.

[0045] In addition, during the execution of steps SS3 to SS5, minimum running time and switching timing constraints are set: after any running mode is put into operation, at least τ is maintained. min Switching to another mode is only permitted after a minimum operating time has elapsed. When switching from mechanical compression refrigeration mode to natural cold source heat exchange mode or hybrid mode, the speed of the air suspension compressor is first reduced to the target low speed by a preset ramp and Pc is kept below the preset switching pressure threshold. Then, the three-way switching valve is controlled to complete the reversal or flow splitting adjustment. Subsequently, the air pump and liquid pump modules are started or stopped, thereby reducing the transient impact of valve switching and improving system reliability. Furthermore, when switching from natural cold source heat exchange mode to mechanical compression refrigeration mode, the condenser fan 3-3 is first kept running and increased to the target speed range. Then, the compressor 2 is started and the throttling device 4 is gradually opened to reduce the risk of transient overpressure caused by thermal inertia on the condenser side.

[0046] It should be noted that the above-mentioned refrigeration control method achieves intelligent switching and coordinated control between natural cold source heat exchange mode, mechanical compression refrigeration mode, and hybrid mode through real-time monitoring and multi-level judgment of outdoor ambient temperature, computer room load, and system operating parameters. The key technologies of this method are: first, the use of a hysteresis-based dual-threshold judgment strategy and time persistence constraints effectively suppresses mode jitter and frequent switching under critical operating conditions; second, in hybrid mode, the dynamic matching and energy consumption optimization of natural cold source and mechanical compression refrigeration are achieved through proportional distribution control of a three-way switching valve and coordinated adjustment of multiple devices; and third, the introduction of minimum operating time constraints and multi-step switching sequence control reduces equipment switching impact and improves system reliability. In addition, this method also has multiple auxiliary functions such as load forecasting, flow balancing, superheat control, and soft-start protection, significantly improving the stability, energy efficiency, and intelligence level of system operation. In practical applications, this refrigeration control method can adjust key parameters (such as Te, ΔT1, ΔT2, τ1, τ2) according to different geographical locations, climate characteristics, and computer room load characteristics. min (etc.) can be flexibly configured and optimized to adapt to diverse application scenarios and achieve the best energy-saving effect.

[0047] Example 3: Energy Management Method Based on Embodiment 1 above, Embodiment 3 further provides an energy management method for the above-mentioned energy-saving system, such as... Figure 7 As shown, this method is executed by the power distribution and switching control unit within the integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit 11, and coordinates the control of the first DC / DC conversion module, the second DC / DC conversion module, and the AC / DC conversion module to maintain the DC power supply bus voltage Vdc and achieve multi-power source collaborative power supply. Its implementation includes at least the following steps: S100. Real-time acquisition of power supply and bus status: Real-time acquisition of DC output voltage V of solar photovoltaic power generation systempv With output power P pv State of charge (SOC) and maximum allowable charging power of the battery energy storage system and the upper limit of the allowable discharge power The available status G of the mains power grid interface and the DC power supply bus voltage V dc The power consumption of the air pump, liquid pump module, air suspension compressor, indoor fan, and condenser fan is collected to form the load power P. load In some implementations, P load The voltage and current of each DC branch are synchronously sampled, and the sampled values ​​are time-averaged to form a smooth load power; Vdc is collected at the DC bus bus and compared with P. pv Both SOC and SOC use the same sampling period to ensure the timing consistency of power supply mode determination.

[0048] S200. Energy Supply Mode Determination: P pv With P load The SOC is compared and combined with preset thresholds SOC1 and SOC2 to make a judgment: when P pv ≥P load When P is determined to be in photovoltaic priority power supply mode; pv <P load When SOC ≥ SOC1, it is determined to be a photovoltaic-cell co-power supply mode; when SOC < SOC2 or the grid interface is determined to be available and P pv Insufficient to maintain V dc When the target range is reached, the system is determined to be in mains power supplementary power supply mode; where SOC1 is used to characterize the minimum state of charge limit that allows the battery to enter continuous discharge, and SOC2 is used to characterize the minimum state of charge limit that allows the battery to be protected against deep discharge and provide a safety margin for power supply.

[0049] Preferably, SOC1 and SOC2 are set using a dual-threshold method with hysteresis, and the SOC is satisfied. 1H >SOC 1L And SOC 2H >SOC 2L SOC 1H SOC 1L Used to define the entry and exit conditions for photovoltaic-cell co-generation power supply mode, SOC 2H SOC 2L This is used to define the entry and exit conditions for the mains power supplemental energy supply mode; when the SOC fluctuates around the corresponding threshold, the current energy supply mode remains unchanged by separating the entry and exit thresholds, until the SOC crosses the corresponding exit threshold and the duration reaches the preset stability determination time τ. s , τ sThe typical value is 30~120 seconds, in order to reduce the frequent switching of power supply modes and improve the stability of bus voltage.

[0050] Furthermore, the power supply mode determination also considers the following factors: First, the availability status G of the mains power grid interface 12. When a mains power outage or voltage abnormality is detected, G is set to unavailable. At this time, even if the SOC is higher than SOC2, it may be necessary to limit the load power to extend the battery's usability time; Second, the DC power supply bus voltage V dc The deviation, when V dc Below the target voltage V dc When the lower limit of allowable limits is reached, prioritize switching to the method that can quickly increase V. dc The energy supply mode; thirdly, the photovoltaic power generation P pv The changing trend, when P is detected pv When the descent is rapid and the rate of descent exceeds a preset threshold, the battery discharge or AC power replenishment should be initiated in advance to avoid V. dc Fall. In addition, the system also sets the priority of power supply modes: when all power sources are available, the photovoltaic priority power supply mode is selected first to maximize the utilization of renewable energy, followed by the photovoltaic-battery coordinated power supply mode, and finally the grid power supplementary power supply mode; in an emergency, the system enters the battery guaranteed power supply state and implements hierarchical control of the load.

[0051] S300. Photovoltaic priority power supply control: In the photovoltaic-priority power supply mode, the photovoltaic-side DC / DC conversion module is controlled to supply power to the DC power supply bus in maximum power point tracking mode and maintain V. dc Within the defined interval, and at P pv Greater than P load Under the condition of remaining power, the battery energy storage system is controlled to enter the charging state through the bidirectional DC / DC converter module.

[0052] As a preferred approach, photovoltaic priority power supply control includes maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control and surplus power management: the duty cycle of the photovoltaic-side DC / DC converter module is adjusted in real time using either the perturbation observation method or the incremental conductance method to track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation system, ensuring that P… pv Reaching the maximum value; calculate the remaining power ΔP=P pv -P load When ΔP is greater than zero and SOC is lower than the upper limit state of charge threshold SOC max At that time, based on ΔP and the upper limit of the battery charging power... The comparison results determine the charging power, and the bidirectional DC / DC converter module is controlled to charge the battery energy storage system in constant current or constant voltage charging mode, and the charging power is determined when the SOC is close to the SOC. maxThe system switches to trickle charging to protect the battery; and the bidirectional DC / DC converter module employs a current-limiting and power-limiting strategy for charging the battery energy storage system, based on battery temperature, SOC, and the upper limit of the allowable charging power. Determine the charging power command and use the DC power supply bus voltage V dc Deviation is used as a constraint to dynamically correct the charging power command when V dc Below the set lower limit or P pv In the event of a rapid drop, the charging power should be reduced until the charging state is exited to ensure that the DC bus supplies power to the critical loads of the computer room heat dissipation and energy-saving system.

[0053] S400. Photovoltaic-Battery Co-operated Power Supply Control: In the photovoltaic-battery co-power supply mode, the photovoltaic-side DC / DC converter module continuously supplies power to the DC power supply bus, while the battery energy storage system discharges and compensates P through the bidirectional DC / DC converter module. pv With P load The power difference, so that V dc Maintain within the set range and limit the discharge power to no more than .

[0054] Preferably, the power difference compensation for the discharge of the battery energy storage system is achieved using closed-loop control: based on the DC power supply bus voltage V dc With target voltage The deviation is used as a control variable to generate a discharge power command, which is then combined with the upper limit of the allowable discharge power. Battery temperature and SOC limit the discharge power command. When V is detected... dc The rate of descent exceeds a preset threshold or P load When the voltage surge exceeds the preset amplitude, the discharge power is increased first according to the preset response slope to suppress the bus voltage drop, and the discharge power command is gradually reduced when the SOC approaches SOC1 or SOC2 to avoid deep discharge. When the load power fluctuates frequently, a maximum ramp rate limit is set for the discharge power command to reduce the current surge of the bidirectional DC / DC converter module.

[0055] S500. Mains power supplementary power supply control: In the mains power supplemental power supply mode, the mains grid interface is controlled to supply power to the DC power supply bus via the AC / DC conversion module to maintain V. dc Within the defined interval, and at P pv When charging is possible, the system controls the charging of the battery energy storage system or maintains the SOC at no less than SOC2, and enters the battery power supply state to maintain power supply to critical loads when the mains grid interface is unavailable.

[0056] Preferably, when the system is determined to enter the mains power supplementary power supply mode, the AC / DC converter module is controlled according to the timing sequence of first stabilizing the voltage and then distributing the power: first, the AC / DC output power is adjusted to make V... dc Restore the target value to the set range, and then according to P pv With P load The difference between SOC and SOC2 determines the battery charging power command; and when the mains power grid interface is unavailable, the battery power supply state is triggered, and the load is subjected to graded power supply control, so that the indoor fan, condenser fan, air pump and liquid pump module constitute the first priority load, and the air suspension compressor constitutes the second priority load. When SOC is lower than the preset protection threshold, the starting or running power of the second priority load is limited to extend the available power supply time of the critical load.

[0057] It should be noted that the above-mentioned energy management method achieves reliable power supply and efficient energy utilization of the energy-saving system through intelligent scheduling and coordinated control of three power sources: solar photovoltaic power generation, battery energy storage, and mains power supply. The key technologies of this method are: first, the use of a tiered judgment and hysteresis threshold strategy enables smooth switching between three power supply modes: photovoltaic priority, battery coordination, and mains supplementation, effectively avoiding power surges and energy losses caused by frequent switching; second, through maximum power point tracking, surplus power management, and closed-loop charge / discharge control, the utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation is maximized and the battery charge / discharge strategy is optimized, extending battery life; third, the introduction of load tiered control and battery backup power supply mechanisms ensures that critical loads are still powered in emergency situations such as mains power outages, significantly improving the reliability of the system's power supply.

[0058] The objectives of this invention have been fully and effectively achieved through the above embodiments. All equivalent or simple variations made to the structures, features, and principles described in this patent concept are included within the protection scope of this patent. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of this invention or exceed the scope defined in these claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving system that integrates solar photovoltaic power generation and storage with an air-suspended compressor, air pump, and liquid pump, and allows for waste heat recovery, characterized in that: Includes indoor heat exchange terminals and outdoor heat dissipation units: The indoor heat exchange terminals are arranged in the communication equipment room and are provided in one or more sets. Each indoor heat exchange terminal is provided with at least one heat pipe evaporator and one air conditioning evaporator. The heat pipe evaporator is arranged on the upstream side of the air path of the air conditioning evaporator. The steam outlet of each heat pipe evaporator is connected to a gas collection pipe I through a gas pipe branch. The steam outlet of each air conditioning evaporator is connected to a gas collection pipe II through a gas pipe branch. The gas collection pipe I is connected to the main gas pipe through a gas pump. The gas collection pipe II is connected to the main gas pipe through a gas suspension compressor. The outdoor heat dissipation unit is located outside the communication equipment room and is equipped with at least one air-cooled heat pipe condenser, one air-cooled air conditioner condenser, and one three-way switching valve. The air-cooled heat pipe condenser is located on the upstream side of the air path of the air-cooled air conditioner condenser. The inlet of the three-way switching valve is connected to the main gas pipe, and the first outlet and the second outlet are connected to the vapor inlets of the air-cooled heat pipe condenser and the air-cooled air conditioner condenser, respectively. The condensate outlets of the air-cooled heat pipe condenser and the air-cooled air conditioner condenser are both connected to the liquid inlet of a liquid storage tank. The liquid outlet of the storage tank is divided into a first liquid path and a second liquid path. The first liquid path is connected to a liquid distribution pipe I via a liquid pump module and supplies liquid to the liquid inlet of each heat pipe evaporator. The second liquid path is connected to a liquid distribution pipe II via a throttling device and supplies liquid to the liquid inlet of each air conditioning evaporator. Thus, a natural cold source heat exchange circuit is formed between each heat pipe evaporator and the air-cooled heat pipe condenser, and a mechanical compression refrigeration circuit is formed between each air conditioning evaporator and the air-cooled air conditioning condenser.

2. The energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid pump module includes liquid pump I and liquid pump II arranged in parallel. The inlets of liquid pump I and liquid pump II are both connected to the first liquid circuit, and the outlets of both are connected to the liquid distribution pipe I. The inlet and / or outlet sides of liquid pump I and liquid pump II are respectively equipped with a shut-off valve and a check valve, so that liquid pump I and liquid pump II form a liquid pump redundancy structure with one in standby and one in use. When one of the liquid pumps is operating normally, the other liquid pump is in standby or maintenance state.

3. The energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Solenoid valve I and solenoid valve II are respectively provided on the first liquid circuit and the second liquid circuit. Solenoid valve I and solenoid valve II are linked and controlled according to the working state of the three-way switching valve. When the natural cold source heat exchange circuit is running, solenoid valve I is open and solenoid valve II is closed. When the mechanical compression refrigeration circuit is running, solenoid valve II is open and solenoid valve I is closed. When both circuits are running at the same time, both solenoid valves are open.

4. The energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A waste heat recovery branch is connected in parallel between the main gas pipe and the inlet of the three-way switching valve. The waste heat recovery branch is equipped with a waste heat recovery heat exchanger and a first valve and a second valve located at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger to control the opening and closing of the branch. The cold side of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the heat exchange circuit of the building heating system, domestic hot water system or fresh air preheating system.

5. The energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a photovoltaic-storage integrated unit and a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a battery energy storage system and a mains power grid interface connected thereto. The photovoltaic-storage integrated unit is electrically connected to the air pump, air suspension compressor, liquid pump module and DC power components in each indoor heat exchange terminal and outdoor heat dissipation unit via a DC power supply bus.

6. The energy-saving system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit includes a power distribution and switching control unit and a power conversion unit, wherein: The power conversion unit includes a first DC / DC conversion module, a second DC / DC conversion module, and an AC / DC conversion module. The solar photovoltaic power generation system is electrically connected to the DC power supply bus through the first DC / DC conversion module, the battery energy storage system is bidirectionally electrically connected to the DC bus through the second DC / DC conversion module, and the mains power grid interface is electrically connected to the DC power supply bus through the AC / DC conversion module. The power distribution and switching control unit is communicatively connected to the detection ports of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, the battery energy storage system, the mains power grid interface, and the grid connection switching switch. It is configured to allow the solar photovoltaic power generation system to prioritize powering the computer room heat dissipation and energy-saving system through the first DC / DC conversion module. Secondly, when the photovoltaic output meets the load, it distributes the power to the battery energy storage system through the second DC / DC conversion module for energy storage and to power the system at night or on cloudy days. When the photovoltaic output is insufficient and the battery charge state is below a preset threshold, it connects to the mains power grid interface through the AC / DC conversion module as a supplementary power supply.

7. A refrigeration control method for an energy-saving system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It should include at least the following steps: SS1. Real-time data collection is performed using temperature and pressure sensors to collect outdoor ambient temperature To, return air temperature Tr and set control temperature Ts of the communication equipment room, as well as condensing pressure Pc and condensing temperature Tc on the condensing side of the outdoor heat dissipation unit, and the temperature deviation ΔT = Tr - Ts is calculated. SS2. Compare To with the available threshold Te for natural cold source, and combine ΔT with preset deviation thresholds ΔT1 and ΔT2 to make a determination: when To≤Te and ΔT≤ΔT1, it is determined to enter the natural cold source heat exchange mode; when To>Te or ΔT≥ΔT2, it is determined to enter the mechanical compression refrigeration mode; when To≤Te and ΔT1<ΔT<ΔT2, it is determined to enter the natural cold source-mechanical compression hybrid mode. SS3. When it is determined that the natural cold source heat exchange mode has been entered, the three-way switching valve is controlled to connect the main gas pipe with the air-cooled heat pipe condenser, the air pump and liquid pump module are started to establish the natural cold source heat exchange circuit, and the operating status of the indoor fan and condenser fan is adjusted based on Tr, Pc and Tc. SS4. When it is determined that the mechanical compression refrigeration mode has been entered, the three-way switching valve is controlled to connect the main gas pipe to the air-cooled air conditioner condenser, the air suspension compressor and throttling device are started to establish the mechanical compression refrigeration circuit, and the operating status of the indoor fan and condenser fan is adjusted based on Tr, Pc and Tc. SS5. When entering the mixed mode, based on Tr, Pc, and Tc, the three-way switching valve is controlled to simultaneously distribute refrigerant vapor to the air-cooled heat pipe condenser and the air-cooled air conditioner condenser according to the set ratio. At the same time, the air pump, air suspension compressor, liquid pump module, and throttling device are started, so that the natural cold source heat exchange circuit and the mechanical compression refrigeration circuit can operate in coordination. When ΔT drops back to ΔT1, the mixed mode is exited and the natural cold source heat exchange mode is entered. When To>Te or ΔT≥ΔT2, the mixed mode is exited and the mechanical compression refrigeration mode is entered.

8. The refrigeration control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step SS2, the operation mode determination adopts a graded determination strategy. The available threshold Te of the natural cold source is set as the outdoor ambient temperature determination benchmark, the first deviation threshold ΔT1 is set as the upper limit of temperature control for the natural cold source heat exchange mode, and the second deviation threshold ΔT2 is set as the start threshold for the mechanical compression refrigeration mode. Furthermore, the preset deviation thresholds ΔT1 and ΔT2, as well as the available threshold Te of the natural cold source, are all set using a dual-threshold determination method with hysteresis. ΔT1 and ΔT2 satisfy the condition that ΔT2-ΔT1 is greater than the preset hysteresis bandwidth. When switching the operating mode from natural cold source heat exchange mode or mechanical compression refrigeration mode to hybrid mode, ΔT must remain within the determination range between ΔT1 and ΔT2 for a preset duration τ1. When exiting hybrid mode, ΔT must remain less than ΔT1 or greater than or equal to ΔT2 for a preset duration τ2.

9. The refrigeration control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In steps SS3 and SS4, the adjustment of the indoor fan and condenser fan is performed in a graded closed-loop manner. First, the target speed range of the indoor fan is determined based on the temperature deviation ΔT between Tr and Ts. Then, the target speed of the condenser fan is corrected using Pc and / or Tc on the condenser side as constraints to keep Pc below the preset safety upper limit and Tc within the preset condensing temperature range. When the rate of increase of Pc is detected to exceed the preset rate threshold, the speed of the condenser fan is increased first and the speed increase of the air suspension compressor is limited.

10. An energy management method for an energy-saving system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It should include at least the following steps: S100. Real-time acquisition of the DC output voltage V of the solar photovoltaic power generation system. pv With output power P pv State of charge (SOC) and maximum allowable charging power of the battery energy storage system and the upper limit of the allowable discharge power The available status G of the mains power grid interface and the DC power supply bus voltage V dc The power consumption of the air pump, liquid pump module, air suspension compressor, indoor fan, and condenser fan is collected to form the load power P. load ; S200. P pv With P load The SOC is compared and combined with preset thresholds SOC1 and SOC2 to make a judgment: when P pv ≥P load When P is determined to be in photovoltaic priority power supply mode; pv <P load When SOC ≥ SOC1, it is determined to be a photovoltaic-cell co-power supply mode; when SOC < SOC2 or the grid interface is determined to be available and P pv Insufficient to maintain V dc When the target range is reached, the system is determined to be in mains power supplemental power supply mode. S300. In photovoltaic priority power supply mode, the photovoltaic-side DC / DC conversion module is controlled to supply power to the DC power supply bus in maximum power point tracking mode and maintain V. dc Within the defined interval, and at P pv Greater than P load Under the condition of remaining power, the battery energy storage system is controlled to enter the charging state through the bidirectional DC / DC converter module; S400. In the photovoltaic-battery coordinated power supply mode, the photovoltaic-side DC / DC converter module is controlled to continuously supply power to the DC power supply bus, while the battery energy storage system is controlled to discharge and compensate P through the bidirectional DC / DC converter module. pv With P load The power difference, so that V dc Maintain within the set range and limit the discharge power to no more than ; S500. In the mains power supplemental power supply mode, the mains grid interface is controlled to supply power to the DC power supply bus via the AC / DC converter module to maintain V. dc Within the defined interval, and at P pv When charging is possible, the system controls the charging of the battery energy storage system or maintains the SOC at no less than SOC2, and enters the battery power supply state to maintain power supply to critical loads when the mains grid interface is unavailable.

11. The energy management method according to claim 10, characterized in that, In step S200, SOC1 and SOC2 are set using a dual threshold method with hysteresis to meet the SOC... 1H >SOC 1L And SOC 2H >SOC 2L SOC 1H SOC 1L SOC is used to define the entry and exit conditions for photovoltaic-cell co-generation power supply modes. 2H SOC 2L This is used to define the entry and exit conditions for the mains power supplemental energy supply mode; when the SOC fluctuates around the corresponding threshold, the current energy supply mode remains unchanged by separating the entry and exit thresholds, until the SOC crosses the corresponding exit threshold and the duration reaches the preset stability determination time τ. s .

12. The energy management method according to claim 10, characterized in that, In step S300, photovoltaic priority power supply control includes maximum power point tracking control and surplus power management: the duty cycle of the photovoltaic-side DC / DC conversion module is adjusted in real time by perturbation observation method or incremental conductance method to track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation system; Calculate the remaining power ΔP=P pv -P load When ΔP is greater than zero and SOC is lower than the upper limit state of charge threshold SOC max At that time, based on ΔP and the upper limit of the battery charging power... The comparison results determine the charging power, and the bidirectional DC / DC converter module is controlled to charge the battery energy storage system.

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