Synthesis gas production plant and method for continuous production of synthesis gas by gasification

Abstract

The invention relates to a synthesis gas production plant for the continuous production of synthesis gas having controlled properties by gasification of feedstocks having different physical and / or chemical properties, and to a method for the continuous production of synthesis gas by gasification of feedstocks having different physical and / or chemical properties. The synthesis gas equipment comprises at least two pretreatment units, wherein the pretreatment units are different from each other; a first distribution unit, wherein the first distribution unit is upstream of and fluidly connected to each of the at least two pretreatment units; and at least two gasification furnaces, wherein the gasification furnaces are different from each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a syngas production apparatus and a method for continuously producing syngas with controlled properties from feedstocks having different physical and / or chemical properties by gasification. Background Technology

[0002] Petrochemical feedstocks derived from waste and / or biomass are becoming increasingly important for the transition to more sustainable resource utilization. One important such feedstock is syngas, which is essentially a mixture of H2 and CO in varying molar ratios of H2:CO, obtainable from waste and / or biomass through a gasification reaction in a gasifier. Syngas may further contain CO2, H2O, CH4, and impurities. The production of syngas from waste and / or biomass for later use as fuel in thermal generation is an established technology. The requirements for producing syngas as fuel are less challenging because syngas as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry must, for example, be supplied as a continuous stream and meet more stringent specifications regarding the levels and types of impurities present and the molar ratio of H2:CO. Such specifications are required for later use of syngas as a source material for, for example, the synthesis of methanol (and olefins derived from methanol), synthetic natural gas, and Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons. Since the basic chemicals are produced in large quantities in large-scale equipment, a continuous production mode is required, as well as a continuous flow of syngas with controlled characteristics (such as molar ratio H2:CO, concentrations of CO, H2, CH4, CO2, H2O, and minimization of impurities (e.g., tar, H2S, HCN, NH3, dust)) as the source material.

[0003] Waste and / or biomass are not well-suited as feedstocks for producing syngas for the applications discussed above. The physical and / or chemical properties of waste and / or biomass (such as water content, ash content, elemental composition, size, and calorific value) are not constant but vary over time. Therefore, a given combination of pretreatment methods and gasifier types produces syngas streams with varying yields, molar ratios of H₂:CO, and different amounts and types of impurities present in the crude syngas stream. A given combination of pretreatment methods and gasifier types can only produce the desired constant syngas stream with constant properties, such as a molar ratio of H₂:CO, within a specific window of the physical and / or chemical properties of the waste and / or biomass (such as water content, ash content, elemental composition, and calorific value). Outside this specific window, the syngas yield and other properties change, which is undesirable for using syngas as a feedstock in the (petro)chemical industries discussed above.

[0004] WO 2013 / 179313 A1 discloses an advanced sequential batch gasification method. This method enables the continuous production of syngas from feedstock because production can continue in one sequential gasifier while a new batch of feedstock is loaded into another. This method is not suitable for the continuous production of syngas with controlled properties by gasifying feedstocks with different physical and / or chemical properties.

[0005] WO 2011 / 141927 A2 discloses a two-stage gasifier system for generating syngas for gasifying various feedstocks. The gasifiers are installed in series and fluidly connected. Thus, at least a portion of the feedstock is processed in two separate gasifiers, wherein the first gasifier in the series acts as a pyrolyzer, i.e., a thermochemical pretreatment of the feedstock prior to the gasification reaction in the second gasifier that produces the syngas. This gasifier system has limited application for feedstocks with different physical and / or chemical properties because it is limited to the thermochemical pretreatment of the feedstock, which is only applicable to certain types of feedstocks.

[0006] US 2013 / 0137151 A1 discloses a two-stage system for producing syngas from feedstock. The method of this invention treats crude syngas from a gasifier through (continuous) non-catalytic partial oxidation.

[0007] CN 101967400 A discloses a system comprising two or more fluidized bed gasification reactors arranged in parallel and two or more sets of separation devices of more than two types. Each of the fluidized bed gasifiers includes a separate set of more than two types of separation devices. Due to the redundant flow of the same or very similar combinations of gasifiers and separation devices, the system is suitable for continuous syngas production. However, this system is not suitable for converting feedstocks with different physical and / or chemical properties into a continuous syngas stream with controlled characteristics because only one type of gasifier is used.

[0008] WO 2007 / 003620 A1 and WO 2017 / 132542 A1 disclose a syngas production apparatus comprising two gasifiers. Neither WO 2007 / 003620 A1 nor WO 2017 / 132542 A1 discloses a first distribution unit (which is upstream of and fluidly connected to each of at least two pretreatment units) and a second distribution unit (which is upstream of and fluidly connected to each of at least two gasifiers, and optionally also downstream of and fluidly connected to each of at least two pretreatment units).

[0009] Therefore, there is a need for systems and methods for the continuous production of syngas with controlled properties by gasifying feedstocks with different physical and / or chemical properties, which are suitable for the continuous production of chemicals via methanol synthesis, methanation, and Fischer-Tropsch reactions. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This problem is addressed by a syngas production apparatus for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics through the gasification of a feedstock having different physical and / or chemical properties. The syngas production apparatus includes: (i) at least two preprocessing units, wherein the preprocessing units are different from each other. (ii) a first dispensing unit, wherein the first dispensing unit is upstream of and fluidly connected to each of the at least two pretreatment units, and (iii) at least two gasifiers, wherein the gasifiers are different from one another, and (iv) An optional control unit that automatically or manually receives, or previously measured, the at least one physical and / or chemical property by an optional at least one analytical unit, and thereby selects a specific combination of a pretreatment unit from the at least two pretreatment units and a gasifier from the at least two gasifiers, and optionally at least one analytical unit for measuring at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock. The syngas production apparatus further includes a second distribution unit, which is upstream of and fluidly connected to each of the at least two gasifiers, and optionally downstream of and fluidly connected to each of the at least two pretreatment units.

[0011] A specific combination of a pretreatment unit and a gasifier is selected by comparing at least one determined physical and / or chemical characteristic value with at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value stored in a device for storing information, wherein the at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value is associated with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics. The device for storing information can be, for example, a database, paper including said information in written and / or printed form, or operator knowledge. Where the device for storing information is a database, the database can be implemented in an optional control unit or used by the operator to compare the determined at least one physical and / or chemical value with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical value as a characteristic, i.e., a pretreatment method and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics.

[0012] This problem is further addressed by a method for the continuous production of syngas via the gasification of feedstocks with different physical and / or chemical properties, the method comprising the following steps: (i) Providing raw materials with different physical and / or chemical properties, wherein at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw materials is determined. (ii) Providing at least two feedstock pretreatment units and at least two gasifiers, wherein the pretreatment units are different from each other, and wherein each of the at least two pretreatment units is adapted to one or more pretreatment methods, wherein the gasifiers are different from each other. (iii) Based on the at least one physical and / or chemical property measured in step (iii), a specific combination is selected of one pretreatment unit from the at least two pretreatment units and one gasifier from the at least two gasifiers, and (iv) Syngas with controlled characteristics is continuously produced from the feedstock in the specific combination of a pretreatment unit and a gasifier.

[0013] A specific combination of a pretreatment method and a gasification reactor is established by comparing measured values ​​of at least one physical and / or chemical properties of a feedstock with a database containing suitable combinations of feedstocks having said at least one physical and / or chemical property value, suitable pretreatment methods, and suitable gasifier types for the continuous production of syngas with controlled properties. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A syngas production apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0015] Figure 2 A syngas production apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0016] Figure 3 A syngas production apparatus according to a second aspect of a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention is further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions within the basic spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

[0018] definition: In the context of this specification and the appended claims, the term “about” preferably means a deviation of ±15% from the value described herein.

[0019] In the context of this invention, the term "combination thereof" includes one or more of the listed elements.

[0020] In the context of this invention, the term "mixture thereof" includes one or more of the listed elements.

[0021] The term "upstream of" in this document is defined in relation to a series of unit operations as being located on the side immediately adjacent to the side opposite to the flow direction of the fluid passing through the series of unit operations.

[0022] The term "downstream of" is defined in this document with respect to a series of unit operations as located immediately adjacent to one side of the flow direction of the fluid passing through the series of unit operations.

[0023] The term “electrically connected to” refers to a connection between two or more units and / or elements and / or devices that allows current to flow between the two or more units and / or elements and / or devices.

[0024] The term “fluidly connected to” in relation to two or more units is defined herein as a fluid (such as particulate solids, liquids, gases, and mixtures thereof) that can flow from one such unit to another and through and / or along such analytical units. Two units that are “fluidly connected” to each other are connected, for example, by one or more pipes connected to each other, or by a screw conveyor, or by an extruder, or by a solid pump.

[0025] The term “physical connection with” refers to a direct (“physical” connection between two or more units, including gasifiers.

[0026] The term "data signal connection" is defined herein as a connection between two units (such as between an analysis unit and a control unit, and / or between a control unit and a distribution unit) for transmitting "data signals" between the two units in such a "data signal connection". A "data signal" is, for example, a measured value of the physical and / or chemical properties of a feedstock, measured by the analysis unit, which is transmitted to the control unit, wherein the control unit is "data signal connected" to the analysis unit. A "data signal" can also be, for example, a control signal, which is generated in the control unit by comparing the measured values ​​of the physical and / or chemical properties of the feedstock with a database to select a preferred one or more pretreatment methods and a preferred gasifier type for the feedstock having the measured values ​​of said physical and / or chemical properties, and transmitting the control signal to the distribution unit, which distributes the feedstock to the preferred one or more pretreatment methods and optionally to the preferred gasifier type.

[0027] The term "natural gas pipeline network" is defined herein as a pipeline or network of pipelines used for, or suitable for, transporting natural gas and methane. "Natural gas pipeline network" is also referred to as "natural gas network".

[0028] In the first embodiment of the present invention ( Figure 1 In the process, at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10) is determined by at least one analytical unit (11) by measuring the at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10), and the result of the determined at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10) is read manually by, for example, by an operator, or sent as a data signal to an optional control unit (12) connected to the at least one analytical unit (11) as a data signal.

[0029] At least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10) can be determined, for example, by at least one analytical unit (11) after the raw material is delivered to the production system according to the invention or the location of the first distribution unit (13) and at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b) of the production system according to the invention.

[0030] Optionally, at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10) may also be determined by at least one analytical unit (11) at different locations (e.g., the locations where the raw material is collected and / or stored).

[0031] Next, based on a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10), the raw material (10) is guided by the first distribution unit (13) to one of at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b). The at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b) are downstream of and fluidly connected to the first distribution unit (13).

[0032] In the case of a syngas production apparatus including a control unit (12), the control unit (12) is preferably connected to a first distribution unit (13) via data signals. After the control unit (12) automatically and / or manually receives determined values ​​of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10) from at least one analysis unit (11), the first distribution unit receives a control signal for selecting one of at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b). Thus, one of the at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b) is selected by the first distribution unit (13). A fluid connection is then established between the raw material (10) and the specific pretreatment unit among the at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b), and the raw material (10) is pretreated according to the measured values ​​of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10). The first distribution unit (13) serves as a storage unit for the raw material (10) and as a distributor for guiding the raw material (10) to one of the at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b).

[0033] Then, the pretreated feedstock (15a) or (15b) leaves the corresponding pretreatment unit (14a; 14b) and is guided by the second distribution unit (16) to a specific gasifier among at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b), which is manually or automatically selected by an optional control unit (12) based on a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (10). In the case where the syngas production equipment includes a control unit (12), the control unit (12) is data signal connected to the second distribution unit (16), and after the control unit (12) receives a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (10) from at least one analysis unit (11) or after the control unit (12) receives a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (10) from at least one analysis unit (11) by, for example, a manual operation by an operator, the second distribution unit receives a control signal for selecting a specific gasifier among the at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b).

[0034] If the value of the determined characteristic is read manually by, for example, an operator, the first allocation unit (13) is adjusted manually by, for example, an operator, or the operator submits the value of the determined characteristic to an optional control unit (12), which sends a control signal to the first allocation unit (13) connected to the data signal.

[0035] The second distribution unit (16) is downstream of and fluidly connected to at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b) and upstream of and fluidly connected to at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b). The second distribution unit (16) serves as a storage unit for the pretreated feedstock (15a; 15b) and / or as a distributor for guiding the pretreated feedstock (15a; 15b) to a specific gasifier among the at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b).

[0036] Next, the pretreated feedstock (15a; 15b) undergoes a gasification reaction in one of the at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b), and the crude synthesis gas stream (18a; 18b) exits one of the at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b) in a downstream direction.

[0037] A specific combination of a pretreatment unit (14a; 14b) and a gasifier (17a; 17b) is selected by comparing at least one determined physical and / or chemical characteristic value with at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value stored in a device for storing information, wherein the at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value is associated with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics. The device for storing information may be, for example, a database, paper including said information in written and / or printed form, or operator knowledge. In the case where the device for storing information is a database, the database may be implemented in an optional control unit (12) or used by the operator to compare the at least one determined physical and / or chemical value with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical value as a characteristic, i.e., a pretreatment method and a suitable gasifier type suitable for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics.

[0038] The syngas production apparatus according to the invention optionally further includes a central syngas purification unit (19) downstream of and fluidly connected to at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b). Crude syngas (18a; 18b) enters the optional central syngas purification unit (19), in which impurities are removed from the crude syngas (18a; 18b), and clean syngas (20) exits the optional central syngas purification unit (19) in a downstream direction.

[0039] All units and components of the syngas production equipment according to the first embodiment of the present invention are installed in one location, except for at least one analysis unit (11) installed in the same location and / or installed in another location.

[0040] The syngas production apparatus according to the first and any other embodiments may optionally further include at least one additional chemical production unit for producing compounds or mixtures of compounds. The at least one additional chemical production unit is selected from the group consisting of a methanation unit, a methanol synthesis unit, and a Fischer-Tropsch reaction unit, wherein clean syngas (20) is used as the source material. The at least one additional chemical production unit is downstream of an optional central syngas purification unit.

[0041] Clean syngas (20) can be converted to methane via a methanation reaction in a methanation unit. Optionally, the methanation unit is fluidly connected to a central syngas purification unit (19), or a water-gas shift unit is downstream of and fluidly connected to the central syngas purification unit, and the methanation unit is downstream of and fluidly connected to the water-gas shift unit. Clean syngas (20) having a first molar ratio of H2:CO is converted to syngas having a second molar ratio of H2:CO via a water-gas shift reaction in an optional water-gas shift unit, wherein the second molar ratio of H2:CO is greater than the first molar ratio of H2:CO. The methane yield from the syngas having the second molar ratio of H2:CO is increased compared to the methane yield from the clean syngas (20).

[0042] The methanation reaction is described by chemical reaction schemes (1) and (2): CO + 3H2 CH4 + H2O (1) CO2 + 4H2 CH4 + 2H2O (2) The methanation reaction is a catalytic reaction, for example, using an alumina-supported nickel catalyst, preferably a honeycomb catalyst, at 1 to 70 bar and 200°C to 700°C, preferably 5 to 60 bar, more preferably 10 to 45 bar and preferably 200°C to 550°C.

[0043] Methanation reactions and suitable methanation units are described, for example, in S. Rönsch, J. Schneider, S. Matthischke, M. Schlüter, M. Götz, J. Lefebvre, P. Prabhakaran, S. Bajohr: Review on methanation – From fundamentals to current projects; Fuel 166 (2016) 276-296, and can be selected and adapted by a technician.

[0044] The H2 content in the syngas with the second molar ratio of H2:CO is higher than the H2 content in the clean syngas (10) with the first molar ratio of H2:CO. This step is called the water-gas shift reaction and is represented by the chemical reaction scheme (3): CO + H2O CO2 + H2 (3) The water-gas shift reaction will be carried out in a temperature range between about 200°C and about 480°C using a variety of catalysts (such as copper-zinc-aluminum catalysts and chromium or copper-promoted iron-based catalysts). The required water-gas shift reaction and the type of one or more units can be adapted to the general conditions of the method (e.g., how much additional H2 is expected to be obtained by chemical reaction scheme (3)).

[0045] Methane obtained from syngas (20) or alternatively from syngas with a second molar ratio of H2:CO can be fed into a natural gas pipeline network and thereby transported to a second location, such as a chemical facility where methane can be used as a feedstock for the production of other chemical products, for example.

[0046] Clean syngas (20) can be converted into methanol in an optional methanol synthesis unit. Methanol is produced from syngas in a low-pressure methanol process, for example in an adiabatic or quasi-isothermal reactor, via a catalytic gas-phase reaction using a catalyst at about 5 MPa to about 10 MPa and about 200°C to about 300°C. Clean syngas (20) is provided by a syngas purification unit or by an optional water-gas shift unit in which the molar ratio H2:CO is changed for methanol synthesis. The catalyst is, for example, a mixture of copper and zinc oxides supported on alumina. Methanol synthesis suitable for combination with the production system according to the invention and various alternatives thereof are disclosed in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (2012), chapter “Methanol”, pp. 3-12.

[0047] Clean syngas (20) can be converted into hydrocarbons such as light synthetic crude oil via an FT process in an optional Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactor unit. The light synthetic oil can be further converted into naphtha, light olefins, or diesel fuel via hydrocracking and / or isomerization. For the production of gasoline and light olefins, the FT process operates at a temperature range of about 330°C to about 350°C and a pressure of about 2.5 MPa (high-temperature FT process); for the production of waxes and / or diesel fuels, the process operates at a temperature range of about 220°C to about 250°C and a pressure of about 2.5 MPa to about 4.4 MPa (low-temperature FT process). Suitable reactors for the low-temperature FT process include tubular fixed-bed reactors and slurry-bed reactors. Suitable reactors for the high-temperature FT process include circulating fluidized-bed reactors and SAS (Sasol advanced synthol) reactors. Iron-based and / or cobalt-based catalysts are used in the FT process. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis suitable for combination with the production system according to the invention, and various alternatives thereof, are disclosed in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (2012), chapter “Coal Liquefaction”, pages 20-33.

[0048] In the first aspect of the second embodiment of the present invention ( Figure 2 At least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (100) is determined by at least one analytical unit (110), and the results of the determined properties are read manually by, for example, an operator, or sent to an optional control unit (120) connected to the data signal of the at least one analytical unit (110). Next, based on the determined at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (100), the raw material (100) is guided by a first dispensing unit (130) to one of at least two pretreatment units (140a; 140b). The at least two pretreatment units (140a; 140b) are downstream of and fluidly connected to the first dispensing unit (130).

[0049] When the value of the determined characteristic is read manually by, for example, an operator, the first distribution unit (130) is adjusted manually by, for example, an operator, or the operator submits the value of the measured characteristic to an optional control unit (120), which sends a control signal to the first distribution unit (130) connected to the data signal.

[0050] In the case of a syngas production apparatus including a control unit (120), the control unit (120) is preferably connected to a first distribution unit (130) via data signals. After the control unit (120) receives determined values ​​of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (100) from at least one analysis unit (110), the first distribution unit receives a control signal for selecting one of at least two pretreatment units (140a; 140b). Thus, the first distribution unit (130) selects a specific pretreatment unit from the at least two pretreatment units (140a; 140b), and a fluid connection is established between the raw material (100) and said specific pretreatment unit from the at least two pretreatment units (140a; 140b). The raw material (100) is then pretreated according to the determined values ​​of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (100). The first distribution unit (130) serves as a storage unit for pre-treated raw materials (150a; 150b) and / or as a distributor for guiding the raw materials (100) to a specific pre-treatment unit among at least two pre-treatment units (140a; 140b).

[0051] Then, the pretreated raw materials (150a; 150b) leave the corresponding pretreatment units (140a; 140b) in the downstream direction.

[0052] Optional at least one analysis unit (110), a first distribution unit (130), at least two pretreatment units (140a; 140b) and an optional control system (120) may be part of facility a installed at a first location. The first location is preferably a location where raw materials are available and / or stored.

[0053] Optionally, at least one analytical unit (110) may be installed in another location, and therefore, at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (100) may not be determined at the first location where the facility a is installed. At least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (100) may also be determined at different locations using at least one analytical unit (110).

[0054] The pretreated raw materials (150a; 150b) are then transported to facility b, which is installed in a second location. The first and second locations are different from each other. Therefore, the pretreated raw materials (150a; 150b) in facility a and the pretreated raw materials (150a; 150b) in facility b are not fluidly connected. Preferably, the second location where facility b is installed is the location where syngas is required as a raw material and / or as fuel for the chemical industry.

[0055] The pretreated raw materials (150a; 150b) can be transported to facility b, for example, by ship, freight train or truck. The raw materials (100) are preferably pretreated by one or more of the following methods: crushing and drying, agglomeration (e.g., granulation, briquetting and extrusion) and thermochemical methods (e.g., pyrolysis, calcination), for example, to reduce the volume of the raw materials prior to such transport from facility a to facility b.

[0056] The pretreated feedstock (150a; 150b) is then added at facility b to a specific gasifier among at least two gasifiers (170a; 170b). The specific gasifier among the at least two gasifiers (170a; 170b) is manually selected, for example, by an operator based on determined values ​​of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (100). The pretreated feedstock (150a; 150b) is converted into crude syngas (180a; 180b) through a gasification reaction in the specific gasifier among the at least two gasifiers (170a; 170b), which exits downstream from the specific gasifier among the at least two gasifiers (170a; 170b). Impurities are then removed from the crude syngas (180a; 180b) in an optional central syngas purification unit (190), from which clean syngas (200) exits downstream. An optional central syngas purification unit (190) is downstream of and fluidly connected to at least two gasifiers (170a; 170b).

[0057] A specific combination of a pretreatment unit (140a; 140b) and a gasifier (170a; 170b) is selected by comparing at least one determined physical and / or chemical characteristic value with at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value stored in a device for storing information, wherein the at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value is associated with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics. The device for storing information may be, for example, a database, paper including said information in written and / or printed form, or operator knowledge. In the case where the device for storing information is a database, the database may be implemented in an optional control unit (120) or used by the operator to compare the determined at least one physical and / or chemical value with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical value as a characteristic, i.e., a pretreatment method and a suitable gasifier type suitable for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics.

[0058] A second aspect of the second embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 3In the process, at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (300) is determined by at least one analytical unit (310), and the results of the measured properties are read manually by, for example, an operator, or sent to an optional control unit (320a) preferably connected to the data signal of the at least one analytical unit (310). Next, based on the determined values ​​of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (300), the raw material (300) is directed by a first dispensing unit (330) to a specific pretreatment unit among at least two pretreatment units (340a; 340b). The at least two pretreatment units (340a; 340b) are downstream of and fluidly connected to the first dispensing unit (330).

[0059] If the value of the determined characteristic is read manually by, for example, an operator, the first allocation unit (330) is adjusted manually by, for example, an operator, or the operator submits the value of the determined characteristic to an optional control unit (320a), which sends a control signal to the first allocation unit (330) connected to the data signal.

[0060] In the case where the syngas production equipment includes a control unit (320a), the control unit (320a) is preferably connected to a first distribution unit (330) via data signals. After the control unit (320a) receives a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (300) from at least one analysis unit (310), the first distribution unit receives a control signal for selecting a specific pretreatment unit among at least two pretreatment units (340a; 340b). Thus, the first distribution unit (330) selects a specific pretreatment unit among at least two pretreatment units (340a; 340b), and a fluid connection is established between the raw material (300) and said specific pretreatment unit among the at least two pretreatment units (340a; 340b), and the raw material (300) is pretreated according to the determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (300). The first distribution unit (330) serves as a storage unit for raw materials (300) and / or as a distributor for guiding the raw materials (300) to a specific pretreatment unit among at least two pretreatment units (340a; 340b).

[0061] Then, the pretreated raw materials (350a; 350b) leave the corresponding pretreatment units (340a; 340b) in the downstream direction.

[0062] At least one analysis unit (310), a first distribution unit (330), at least two pretreatment units (340a; 340b) and an optional control system (320a) are part of facility a installed at a first location. The first location is preferably a location where raw materials are available and / or stored.

[0063] At least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (300) can also be determined at different locations using at least one analytical unit (310).

[0064] The pretreated raw materials (350a; 350b) are then transported to facility b, which is installed in a second location. The first and second locations are different from each other. Therefore, there is no fluid connection between at least two pretreatment units (340a; 340b) and at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b) in facility b.

[0065] Preferably, the second location of the installation facility b is a location where syngas is required as a feedstock and / or as fuel for the chemical industry.

[0066] The pretreated raw materials (350a; 350b) can be transported to facility b, for example, by ship, freight train or truck. The raw materials (300) are preferably pretreated by one or more of agglomeration (such as granulation, briquetting and extrusion) and thermochemical processes (such as pyrolysis, calcination) to reduce the volume of raw materials used for transport from facility a to facility b.

[0067] Facility b further includes a second distribution unit (360) and optionally a second control unit (320b). The second distribution unit (360) serves as a storage unit for pretreated feedstock (350a; 350b) and / or as a distributor for directing the pretreated feedstock (350a; 350b) to a specific gasifier among at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b). The pretreated feedstock (350a; 350b) enters the second distribution unit (360) and is fed from the second distribution unit into a specific gasifier among at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b).

[0068] At least two gasifiers (370a; 370b) are downstream of and fluidly connected to the second distribution unit (360). A particular gasifier of the at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b) is selected by an optional second control unit (320b) based on measurements of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (300), or manually by, for example, an operator based on determined values ​​of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (300). The optional second control unit (320b) is preferably connected via data signals to at least one analysis unit (310) and / or an optional first control unit (320a) and sends control signals to the second distribution unit (360). Based on the control signals, the second distribution unit (360) establishes a fluid connection with a particular gasifier of the at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b).

[0069] Next, the pretreated feedstock (350a; 350b) undergoes a gasification reaction in one of at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b), and the crude synthesis gas stream (380a; 380b) exits the gasifier (370a; 370b) in a downstream direction.

[0070] A specific combination of a pretreatment unit (340a; 340b) and a gasifier (370a; 370b) is selected by comparing at least one determined physical and / or chemical characteristic value with at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value stored in a device for storing information, wherein the at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value is associated with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a gasifier type suitable for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics. The device for storing information can be, for example, a database, paper including said information in written and / or printed form, or operator knowledge. Where the device for storing information is a database, the database can be implemented in one or two optional control units (320a; 320b) or used by the operator to compare the determined at least one physical and / or chemical value with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical value as a characteristic, i.e., a pretreatment method and a suitable gasifier type suitable for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics.

[0071] The syngas production apparatus according to the invention optionally further includes a central syngas purification unit (390) downstream of and fluidly connected to at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b). Crude syngas (380a; 380b) enters the optional central syngas purification unit (390), in which impurities are removed from the crude syngas (380a; 380b), and clean syngas (400) exits the optional central syngas purification unit (390) in a downstream direction.

[0072] Therefore, the syngas production equipment according to the second embodiment of the present invention ( Figure 2 and 3 The facility is divided into facility a and facility b, wherein, as described above, there is no fluid connection between the two facilities a and b, and facilities a and b are installed in a first position and a second position, respectively.

[0073] The various components of the syngas production apparatus according to the present invention will be described in more detail below. Unless otherwise stated, all embodiments and aspects applicable to the present invention will be described.

[0074] The raw materials (10; 100; 300) are preferably solid and / or liquid materials or mixtures of materials comprising organic compounds and / or organic polymers. The organic compounds and / or organic polymers contain bio-based components. 14 C) Carbon and / or fossil-derived carbon, such as from waste (“recycled contents carbon”). The feedstock (10; 100; 300) may further contain impurities, such as inorganic and metallic components. Preferably, the feedstock (10; 100; 300) is a solid and / or liquid feedstock and is selected from the group consisting of: biomass, waste, mixtures thereof, and mixtures thereof with fossil feedstocks such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas.

[0075] The term "biomass" includes, but is not limited to, wood, wood pellets, wood chips, straw, lignocellulosic biomass, energy crops, and algae.

[0076] The term "waste" includes fossil-based waste, bio-based waste, and mixtures thereof. Examples of waste suitable as feedstock include agricultural / cultivation residues such as wood processing residues, waste wood, logging residues, switchgrass, discarded seed corn, corn stalks and other crop residues, municipal solid waste (MSW), textiles, industrial waste, sewage sludge, plastic waste, packaging waste, and pulverized residues such as automotive pulverized residues and mixtures thereof.

[0077] Preferably, the raw materials (10; 100; 300) are selected from the group consisting of: biomass, municipal solid waste (MSW), pulverized residues such as automotive pulverized residues, textiles, plastic waste, packaging waste and mixtures thereof.

[0078] The raw materials (10; 100; 300) according to the present invention have different physical and / or chemical properties selected from the group consisting of: water content, ash content, elemental composition, particle size distribution, density, bulk density and calorific value.

[0079] The changes in the physical and / or chemical properties (“different”) result in, for example, undesirable changes in one or more temperatures inside the gasifier and / or undesirable changes in the molar ratio H2:CO in the crude syngas.

[0080] At least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material may optionally be determined by measurement using at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310).

[0081] At least one analytical unit may be part of the syngas production apparatus according to the invention. The raw material (10; 100; 300) is delivered, for example, to the syngas production apparatus, or to position a if the syngas production apparatus is distributed as described above at positions a and b, and there at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10; 100; 300) is measured using at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310).

[0082] In another aspect of the invention, at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310) is not part of the syngas production apparatus according to the invention. Therefore, at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (10; 100; 300) is determined prior to transporting the feedstock (10; 100; 300) to the syngas production apparatus or to location a of the syngas production apparatus. In this aspect, at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (10; 100; 300) is measured, for example, at a location where the feedstock (10; 100; 300) is collected and / or where the feedstock (10; 100; 300) is stored prior to transport to the syngas production apparatus.

[0083] In yet another aspect of the invention, at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10; 100; 300) is measured “online,” meaning that at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310) of this aspect of the invention is mounted, for example, close to a conveyor belt that transports the raw material along at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310) to a distribution unit (13; 130; 300), and optionally at least one of the physical and / or chemical properties of the raw material (10; 100; 300) is measured as the raw material (10; 100; 300) passes through at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310).

[0084] The syngas production apparatus according to the invention optionally includes at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310). Each of the at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310) includes at least one analytical method for measuring at least one of the physical and / or chemical properties of the raw material, selected from the group consisting of: water content, ash content, elemental composition, particle size distribution, density, bulk density, and calorific value. In the case where the syngas production apparatus does not include at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310), at least one of the physical and / or chemical properties of the raw material is measured at another location, selected from the group consisting of: water content, ash content, elemental composition, particle size distribution, density, bulk density, and calorific value, and the measured values ​​can be used in the syngas production apparatus according to the invention and in the method for continuously producing syngas by gasification of the raw material, which has different physical and / or chemical properties.

[0085] Analytical methods suitable for measuring the water content of raw materials include gravimetric method, microwave transmission method, microwave resonance method, microwave absorption method, radiation moisture measurement method, and NIR spectroscopy.

[0086] Analytical methods suitable for measuring the ash content of raw materials include gravimetric methods, in which a sample of the raw material is completely combusted and the weight of the remaining inorganic non-combustible material is determined. Such methods are, for example, suitable for identifying inorganic components in the raw material that are undesirable due to gasification reactions.

[0087] Analytical methods suitable for measuring the elemental composition of raw materials (such as the content of chemical elements H, C, O, N, S, and Cl) include CHNX analysis by combining combustion and thermal conductivity detection and / or infrared spectroscopy. Measurements of the content of chemical elements H, C, and O are suitable for estimating the expected composition of syngas. Measurements of the content of chemical elements N, S, and Cl are suitable for estimating the expected amount and type of impurities in syngas.

[0088] Analytical methods suitable for measuring the calorific value of feedstocks include burning feedstock samples in a bomb calorimeter. Such methods are suitable, for example, for assessing the thermochemical behavior of feedstocks during gasification reactions, and therefore for assessing the type of gasifier and gasification process parameters, such as temperature, amount, and type of oxidant.

[0089] Analytical methods suitable for measuring the particle size distribution of raw materials include sieve grain size analysis. These methods are useful for determining whether pretreatment methods (such as crushing or grinding in a suitable pretreatment unit) should be used to alter the particle size distribution of the raw material, and further, which type of gasifier is best suited for a given raw material with a particular particle size distribution.

[0090] The result of at least one of the measured physical and / or chemical properties of the raw materials (10; 100; 300) is used, for example, by the operator to manually select a combination of a pretreatment method and a gasifier (type), or preferably as a data signal to an optional control unit connected to at least one analysis unit (11; 110; 310) for data signal transmission.

[0091] The first distribution unit (13; 130; 330) and the second distribution unit (16; 360) serve as storage units for raw materials (10; 100; 300) and / or as distributors for distributing the raw materials (10; 100; 300) to a specific pretreatment unit among at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b, 340a; 340b) in the case of the second distribution unit (16; 360), and serve as storage units for pretreated raw materials (15a; 15b; 150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) and / or as distributors to a specific gasifier among at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b; 370a; 370b).

[0092] For example, raw materials (10; 100; 300) are transported by conveyor belt to a first distribution unit (13; 130; 330), where the raw materials (10; 100; 300) are stored and, after storage, are distributed to a second conveyor belt based on measurements of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw materials (10; 100; 300) to feed the raw materials (10; 100; 300) into a first pretreatment unit (140a; 140a; 340a) or, after storage, to a third conveyor belt to feed the raw materials (10; 100; 300) into a first pretreatment unit (140a; 140a; 340a). The raw materials (10; 100; 300) are fed into the second pretreatment unit (14b; 140b; 340b), or distributed to the second conveyor belt to feed the raw materials (10; 100; 300) into the first pretreatment unit (140a; 140a; 340a), or distributed to the third conveyor belt to feed the raw materials (10; 100; 300) into the second pretreatment unit (14b; 140b; 340b) without storage, the distribution being based on measurements of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw materials (10; 100; 300).

[0093] The first distribution unit (13; 130; 330) may be, for example, an intermediate storage device such as a silo, a flat-bottomed silo, and / or an underground silo, and may optionally be equipped with a mixing unit and / or a conveying system, such as a conveying system including a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, and a third conveyor belt as described above.

[0094] For example, pretreated raw materials (15a; 15b; 150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) are transferred from the exit of a specific pretreatment unit of at least two pretreatment units to a first conveyor belt and thereby transported to a second distribution unit (16; 360), which distributes the pretreated raw materials (15a; 15b) based on measurements of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw materials (10; 100; 300). The pretreated raw materials (15a; 15b; 150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) are either distributed to the second conveyor belt to feed the pretreated raw materials (15a; 15b; 150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) into the first gasifier (17a; 370a) or distributed to the third conveyor belt to feed the pretreated raw materials (15a; 15b; 150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) into the second gasifier (17b; 370b).

[0095] The second distribution unit (16; 360) may be, for example, an intermediate storage device such as a silo, a flat-bottomed silo, and / or an underground silo, and may optionally be equipped with a mixing unit and / or a conveying system, such as a conveying system including a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, and a third conveyor belt as described above.

[0096] The second distribution unit is upstream of and fluidly connected to each of at least two gasifiers. Figure 1 and 3 ), and optionally also downstream of and fluidly connected to each of at least two pretreatment units ( Figure 1 ).

[0097] The syngas production apparatus according to the invention comprises at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b), wherein said pretreatment units are different from each other. Each of the at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) is adapted to provide at least one pretreatment method. Suitable pretreatment methods or combinations of pretreatment methods in the pretreatment units should provide a sufficiently homogeneous carbon-based feedstock to the gasification reaction and be equally capable of continuously producing syngas through the gasification of the feedstock, which has different physical and / or chemical properties.

[0098] A suitable pretreatment method for a given raw material is selected, for example manually by an operator or via an optional control unit (12; 120; 320a), after measuring at least one of the physical and / or chemical properties of the raw material in at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310).

[0099] A suitable pretreatment method or a combination of more than one pretreatment method in the pretreatment unit (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) results in the homogenization of the physical and / or chemical properties of the feedstock (10; 100; 300) and / or one or more requirements for a specific type of gasifier (17a; 17b; 170a, 170b, 370a; 370b) and / or the requirements for at least one additional optional chemical production unit for the production of compounds or mixtures of compounds.

[0100] Therefore, suitable pretreatment methods for a given raw material (10; 100; 300) are selected from the group consisting of drying, pulverizing, grading, sorting, agglomeration, (thermo)chemical methods and biological methods.

[0101] Suitable drying methods include belt drying, fluidized bed drying, drum drying, spray drying, furnace drying, rotary tray drying, and radiation drying.

[0102] Suitable pulverization methods include pressure, impact, shearing, grinding, milling, crushing, and cutting. Pretreatment units suitable for reducing the size of raw materials by grinding include rod mills and ball mills forming a closed loop with a classifier unit. Milling is preferably carried out wet. Therefore, grinding pretreatment is preferably combined with a drying method in a single pretreatment unit. Pretreatment units suitable for reducing the size of raw materials by crushing include jaw crushers, rotary crushers, and cone crushers. Crushing is preferably carried out dry. Therefore, crushing pretreatment is preferably combined with a drying method in a single pretreatment unit before crushing.

[0103] Suitable grading methods include screening (e.g., rotary drum screens, surface screens, fixed and movable grids), air classification, flotation, zigzag classifiers, and air table grading. The grading system preferably includes one or more of the following: bar screens, wedge wire screens, radial screens, banana screens, multi-layered screens, vibrating screens, fine screens, tensioned screens, and wire screens. The screens can be static, or they can be incorporated into a mechanism that shakes or vibrates one or more screens.

[0104] Suitable sorting methods include manual sorting, pneumatic sorting, sensor-based sorting (e.g., NIR-assisted sorting, induction-assisted sorting, and X-ray-assisted sorting) and metal separation (e.g., magnetic separation and eddy current separation).

[0105] Suitable agglomeration methods include granulation, briquetting, and extrusion. These methods typically include devices for compressing the feedstock and, optionally, additional devices for heating (“baking”) the compressed feedstock. Such pretreatment methods generally provide better physical characteristics than the initial feedstock, improving the feedstock for, for example, another location (e.g., from facility A to facility B). Figure 2 and 3 It improves the transportability of ( ) and enhances thermochemical behavior.

[0106] Suitable thermochemical methods include pyrolysis, conversion of feedstock into char, and roasting. Pretreatment units suitable for thermochemical pretreatment of feedstocks include pyrolysis reactors, in which the feedstock is heated in an inert atmosphere to, for example, 500°C to obtain pyrolysis oil, which has an improved calorific value and reduced volume compared to untreated feedstock. This improves the feedstock's suitability for, for example, another location (e.g., from facility a to facility b). Figure 2 and 3 The transportability of ).

[0107] Suitable biological methods include fermentation, such as anaerobic fermentation.

[0108] Suitable one or more pretreatment methods and corresponding pretreatment units (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) depend on at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (10; 100; 300) measured by at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310) and the type of gasifier from which the pretreated feedstock is then used to produce syngas.

[0109] In cases where the pretreatment unit (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) is suitable for more than one pretreatment method, a combination of drying / particle size reduction (e.g., belt drying / grinding), drying / agglomeration (e.g., drum drying / granulation), drying / thermochemical methods (e.g., belt drying / pyrolysis), thermochemical methods / agglomeration (e.g., calcination / granulation), or pulverization / drying (e.g., crushing / belt drying) can be used as a pretreatment method for the raw material (10; 100; 300).

[0110] Another thermochemical pretreatment method for feedstocks is roasting. Pretreatment units suitable for roasting feedstocks include devices for heating the feedstock in a temperature range of approximately 200°C to approximately 320°C. When feedstocks composed of biomass are roasted, the resulting pretreated feedstock is also called "biomass coal." The volume and water content of the feedstock decrease, and the calorific value of the feedstock increases through (partial) chemical transformation.

[0111] Then, the pretreated feedstock (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) is suitable for gasification in one of at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b; 170a; 170b; 370a; 370b).

[0112] At least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10; 100; 300) is determined using at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310), and the determined property is read manually by an operator and transmitted to a control unit (12; 120; 320), or automatically transmitted from at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310) to a control unit (12; 120; 320) connected to the data signal of the at least one analytical unit (11; 110; 310). Next, based on the determined at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10; 100; 300), the raw material (10; 100; 300) is distributed by a first dispensing unit (13; 130; 330) to a specific pretreatment unit among at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14a; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b). At least two pretreatment units (14a; 14a; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) are downstream of and fluidly connected to the first distribution unit (13; 130; 330).

[0113] The control unit (12; 120; 320) is preferably connected to the first distribution unit (13; 130; 330) via data signals. After the control unit (12; 120; 320) receives a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10; 100; 300) from at least one analysis unit (11; 110; 310) and compares the at least one physical and / or chemical property value of the raw material with at least one physical and / or chemical property value stored in a device for storing information, the first distribution unit receives from the control unit (12; 120; 320) a control signal for selecting a specific pretreatment unit from at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b), wherein the at least one physical and / or chemical property value is associated with a suitable combination of a raw material having the at least one physical and / or chemical property value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled properties. The device for storing information may be, for example, a database, paper containing the information in written and / or printed form, or the operator's knowledge.

[0114] Thus, a specific pretreatment unit (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) is selected by a first dispensing unit (13; 130; 330), and the raw material (10; 100; 300) and the selected specific pretreatment unit (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) are fluidly connected to the first dispensing unit (13; 130; 330). The raw material (10; 110; 310) is then transported to and fed into the selected pretreatment unit, where it is pretreated according to a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10; 110; 310) and a corresponding entry in a device for storing information about the raw material having said at least one physical and / or chemical property value. The first distribution unit (13; 130; 330) serves as a storage unit for raw materials (10; 110; 310) and / or as a distributor for distributing raw materials (10; 110; 310) to a specific pretreatment unit among at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b).

[0115] The pretreated feedstock (15a; 15b; 150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) then exits the corresponding pretreatment unit (14a; 14b; 140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) and is guided by the second distribution unit (16; 360) to one of at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b; 170a; 170b; 370a; 370b), which is selected manually by the operator or via an optional control unit (12; 120; 320a; 320b), in both cases based on a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (10; 110; 310). In the case where the control system includes a control unit (12; 120; 320a; 320b), the control unit (12; 120; 320a; 320b) is preferably connected to a second distribution unit (16; 360) via data signals. After the control unit (12; 120; 320a; 320b) receives determined values ​​of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (10; 110; 310) from at least one analysis unit (11; 110; 310), the first distribution unit receives a control signal for selecting one of at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b; 170a; 170b; 370a; 370b).

[0116] The second distribution unit (16) is downstream of and fluidly connected to at least two pretreatment units (14a; 14b) and upstream of and fluidly connected to at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b). The second distribution unit (16) serves as a storage unit for pretreated feedstock (15a; 15b; 150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) and / or as a distributor for guiding the pretreated feedstock (15a; 15b) to one of the at least two gasifiers (17a) or (17b).

[0117] Next, the pretreated feedstock (15a; 15b; 150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) undergoes a gasification reaction in one of at least two gasifiers (17a; 17b; 170a; 170b; 370a; 370b), and the crude synthesis gas stream (18a; 18b; 180a; 180b; 380a; 380b) exits the specific gasifier (17a; 17b; 170a; 170b; 370a; 370b) in a downstream direction.

[0118] Then, the pretreated raw materials (150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) leave the selected pretreatment unit of at least two pretreatment units (140a; 140b; 340a; 340b) as pretreated raw materials (150a; 150b; 350a; 350b) and are transported to the second location b.

[0119] At the second location b, pretreated feedstock (150a; 150b) is fed into a specific gasifier (170a; 170b) selected based on a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (100) and a comparison of said at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock stored in a device for storing information. This device stores a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical property value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics, wherein the at least one physical and / or chemical property value is associated with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical property value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics. The device for storing information may be, for example, a database, paper including said information in written and / or printed form, or operator knowledge.

[0120] At the second position b, the pretreated feedstock (350a; 350b) is fed into the second distribution unit (360) and guided by the second distribution unit (360) to a specific gasifier among at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b), which is selected manually by the operator or via an optional control unit (320b). In both cases, the selection is based on a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the feedstock (300). In the case where the control system includes a control unit (320a), the control unit (320a) is preferably connected to a second distribution unit (320b) via data signals. After the control unit (320a) receives a determined value of at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material (300) from at least one analysis unit (310), and compares this determined value with one or more corresponding values ​​stored in a device for storing information, the second distribution unit receives from the control unit (320a) a control signal for selecting a specific gasifier from at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b). This device stores a suitable combination of raw material having the at least one physical and / or chemical property value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled properties, wherein the at least one physical and / or chemical property value is associated with a suitable combination of raw material having the at least one physical and / or chemical property value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled properties. The device for storing information may be, for example, a database, paper containing the information in written and / or printed form, or operator knowledge.

[0121] The second distribution unit (360) is upstream of and fluidly connected to at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b). The second distribution unit (360) serves as a distributor for guiding pretreated feedstock (350a; 350b) to a specific gasifier of the at least two gasifiers (370a; 370b).

[0122] The following explains examples of a suitable combination of at least one physical and / or chemical property value and a suitable pretreatment method: When the moisture content of the raw material is too high, the preferred pretreatment method for reducing the moisture content of the raw material is drying.

[0123] When the particle size of the raw material is too large, the preferred pretreatment method is selected from the group consisting of grinding, crushing, milling, sieving and combinations thereof.

[0124] When the particle size of the raw material is too small, the preferred pretreatment for increasing the size of the raw material is selected from the group consisting of agglomeration, granulation, screening and combinations thereof.

[0125] When grinding is too energy-intensive and / or when the raw material has low grindability, the preferred pretreatment method is selected from roasting, pyrolysis, and a combination of roasting and then pyrolysis of roasted raw materials.

[0126] When the elemental composition of the feedstock is unsuitable for gasification, the preferred pretreatment method is selected from sorting, roasting, pyrolysis, and mixing the feedstock with at least one other feedstock having an elemental composition suitable for gasification. Examples of feedstocks with elemental compositions unsuitable for gasification include excessively high oxygen and / or excessively high nitrogen content.

[0127] When the calorific value of the raw material is too low, the preferred pretreatment method is selected from roasting, pyrolysis, and mixing the raw material with at least one other raw material with a higher calorific value.

[0128] When the ash content of the raw material is too high (or too low), the preferred pretreatment method is to mix the raw material with at least one other raw material having a lower (or higher) ash content.

[0129] The selection of gasifier type and size depends on the physical and / or chemical properties of the feedstock, preferably selected from the group consisting of water content, ash content, elemental composition, size, and calorific value. The selection of gasifier type and size also depends on the pretreatment method applied to the feedstock. An overview of gasifier types is provided, for example, in James G. Speight, Handbook of Gasification Technology, Scrivener Publishing and Wiley, 2020, Chapter 8.4.2, pages 259-262.

[0130] The at least two gasifiers are preferably selected from the group consisting of: countercurrent fixed bed reactors, co-current fixed bed reactors, bubbling fluidized bed reactors, circulating fluidized bed reactors, dual fluidized bed reactors, bottom-exhaust entrained flow reactors, and top-exhaust entrained flow reactors, provided that the at least two gasifiers are different from each other.

[0131] More preferably, at least two gasifiers are selected from the group consisting of: bubbling fluidized bed reactors, circulating fluidized bed reactors, dual fluidized bed reactors, bottom-exhaust entrained flow reactors, and top-exhaust entrained flow reactors, provided that at least two gasifiers are different from each other.

[0132] Preferably, the combination of pretreatment method and gasifier type includes: (i) Screening and / or agglomeration using countercurrent fixed-bed reactors or cocurrent fixed-bed reactors; (ii) Crushing and / or pulverizing using a bubbling fluidized bed reactor, a circulating fluidized bed reactor, or a dual fluidized bed reactor; (iii) Grinding using a bottom-discharge entrained flow reactor and an top-discharge entrained flow reactor.

[0133] Gasification reactions in gasifiers typically occur at temperatures >700°C in the presence of substoichiometric amounts of an oxidant (such as oxygen, air, steam, supercritical water, CO2, or mixtures thereof). Oxygen is the most common oxidant used for gasification due to its availability and low cost. If steam is used as the oxidant, the crude syngas has a higher initial molar ratio of H2:CO than when oxygen is used as the oxidant. For example, the "oxygen: oxygen required for complete oxidation of the feedstock" molar ratio can range from 0.3 to <1.

[0134] The feedstock is converted in one of at least two gasifiers to produce crude syngas, which is primarily composed of H2, CO, CO2, methane, other hydrocarbons, and impurities. The crude syngas exits the gasifier with a first molar ratio of H2:CO, ranging from about 0.1:1 to about 3:1 and depending on the type of solid and / or liquid feedstock used, the oxidant, and other applied reaction conditions, such as the temperature and / or residence time used for the gasification reaction.

[0135] The pretreated feedstock enters a specific gasifier within the gasifier system, where it is converted into crude syngas. The crude syngas is then preferably purified in an optional central syngas purification unit located downstream of and fluidly connected to each of at least two gasifiers, and exits the optional central syngas purification unit as clean syngas.

[0136] Typical impurities in the crude syngas obtained from the gasification reaction include chlorides, sulfur-containing organic compounds such as sulfur dioxide, trace heavy metals (e.g., as corresponding salts), tar / condensable hydrocarbons, and particulate residues. Various chemical and / or physical methods for removing such impurities from the crude syngas, such as filtration, washing, condensation, and absorption / adsorption, are known and can be selected and tailored according to the type and corresponding concentration of impurities in the crude syngas and the tolerance for such impurities in continuous process steps. Some selected methods for removing impurities from the crude syngas will be discussed in more detail. One or more of these methods can also be implemented in a central syngas purification unit. However, the choice of method does not limit the scope of the invention.

[0137] Other gaseous substances (such as HCl and H2S) are formed and / or separated from the crude syngas in the central syngas purification unit. Impurities are removed from the crude syngas to obtain clean syngas with a first molar ratio of H2:CO.

[0138] Particulate impurities can be removed from crude syngas by cyclone separators and / or filters; chlorides are removed by wet scrubbing; trace heavy metals are removed by catalytic hydrolysis to convert sulfur-containing organic compounds into H2S; and acid gas removal is used to extract sulfur-containing gases such as H2S. Large and (fine) particles in the syngas can also be removed by quenching in a flue gas scrubbing unit.

[0139] After the crude syngas leaves the gasifier, particulate impurities can optionally be removed directly from the crude syngas via a cyclone separator and / or filter. Therefore, particulate removal from the syngas can be part of the gasifier and / or an optional central syngas purification unit fluidly connected to each of at least two gasifiers.

[0140] After the crude syngas leaves the gasifier, fine particles can optionally be removed directly from the crude syngas using a filter. Therefore, the removal of fine particles from the syngas can be part of the gasifier and / or part of a central syngas purification unit fluidly connected to each of at least two gasifiers.

[0141] An optional central syngas purification unit may be fluidly connected, for example, via a pipeline to at least two gasifiers, through which crude syngas leaving one of the at least two gasifiers is transported and fed into the optional central syngas purification unit.

[0142] Preferably, clean syngas is obtained from the control system according to the invention, because when clean syngas is used instead of crude syngas obtained directly from the gasification reaction, the catalyst utilized in the continuous process steps has an improved lifetime and maintains its activity.

[0143] The syngas production apparatus according to the invention optionally includes a control unit, which is preferably connected to at least one analysis unit via data signal. The optional control unit is preferably connected to a first distribution unit via data signal. More preferably, the optional control unit is connected to at least one analysis unit via data signal and also to the first distribution unit via data signal.

[0144] An optional control unit receives at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material, for example, determined by at least one analytical unit. Next, the determined at least one physical and / or chemical property value is compared with a database comprising suitable combinations of parameters from groups a), b), and c) stored in the optional control unit, wherein...

[0145] a) Includes the physical and / or chemical properties of the raw material, said properties being selected from the group consisting of: water content, ash content, elemental composition, size, and calorific value. b) One or more pretreatment methods selected from the group consisting of: sorting, separation, mechanical size reduction, biological treatment, drying, calcination, grinding, pulverizing, milling, agglomeration, granulation, briquetting, and thermochemical methods. c) Gasifier type, selected from the group consisting of: countercurrent fixed-bed reactor, co-current fixed-bed reactor, bubbling fluidized-bed reactor, circulating fluidized-bed reactor, dual fluidized-bed reactor, bottom-exhaust entrained flow reactor, and top-exhaust entrained flow reactor. And thereby select a specific combination of a particular pretreatment unit from one of the at least two pretreatment units and a particular gasifier from one of the at least two gasifiers, the specific combination being best suited for feedstocks having at least one measured physical and / or chemical property, and thereby enabling the generation of a continuous synthesis gas stream with controlled properties (such as molar ratio H2:CO, CO concentration, H2, CH4, CO2, H2O, and minimization of impurities (e.g., tar, H2S, HCN, NH3, dust)).

[0146] A specific combination of a pretreatment unit and a gasification reactor for a given feedstock is selected by comparing at least one determined physical and / or chemical characteristic value with at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value stored in a device for storing information. This at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value is associated with a suitable combination of feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical characteristic value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics. The device for storing information may be, for example, a database, paper containing said information in written and / or printed form, or operator knowledge, or used by the operator to compare the determined at least one physical and / or chemical value with a suitable combination of a suitable pretreatment method and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled characteristics for a feedstock having said at least one physical and / or chemical value as a characteristic.

[0147] The present invention further relates to a method, preferably according to the method described herein, the method comprising the following steps: - Convert syngas or chemical materials that are available or obtainable by the methods described herein to obtain monomers, polymers or polymer products.

[0148] The present invention further relates to a method comprising the following steps: - Use syngas production equipment as described herein to obtain syngas, monomers, polymers, or polymer products.

[0149] In a preferred embodiment, the monomer is a diol or polyol; preferably butanediol; an aldehyde; preferably formaldehyde; a diisocyanate or polyisocyanate; preferably methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) or isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI); an amide; preferably caprolactam; an olefin; preferably styrene, ethylene and norbornene; an alkyne; a (di) ester; preferably methyl methacrylate; a monoacid or diacid; preferably adipic acid or terephthalic acid; a diamine; preferably hexamethylenediamine, nonadiamine; or a sulfone; preferably 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone.

[0150] In preferred embodiments, the polymer and / or polymer product comprises polyamide (PA); preferably PA 6 or PA 66; a polyisocyanate addition polymer; preferably polyurethane (PU), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyurea or polyisocyanurate (PIR); low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polystyrene (PS), polyacrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene acrylonitrile (SAN), polyacrylic acid styrene acrylonitrile (ASA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polybutadiene (BR, PBD), poly(cis-1,4-isoprene), poly(trans-1,4-isoprene) Diene, polyoxymethylene (POM), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene adipate (PBAT), polyester (PES), polyethersulfone (PESU), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB), poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB), polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV), polyhydroxyhexanoate (PHH), polyhydroxyoctanoate (PHO), polylactic acid (PLA), polysulfone (PSU), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU), polycarbonate (PC), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO), poly(p-phenylene ether) (PPE); or copolymers or mixtures thereof.

[0151] In a preferred embodiment, the polymer and / or polymer product is one or more of the following: - Automotive parts; preferably cylinder head covers, engine hoods, turbocharger housings, turbocharger baffles, intake pipes, intake manifolds, connectors, gears, fan wheels, coolant tanks, housings, heat exchanger housings, coolant coolers, turbocharger coolers, thermostats, water pumps, radiators, fasteners, battery system parts for electric vehicles, dashboards, steering column switches, seats, headrests, center consoles, transmission components, door modules, A, B, C, or D pillar covers, spoilers, door handles, exterior mirrors, windshield wipers, windshield wiper protective housings, decorative grilles, cover strips, roof rails, window frames, sunroof frames, antenna panels, headlights and taillights, engine hoods, cylinder head covers, intake manifolds, airbags, cushioning pads or coatings; - Fabric; preferably shirts, trousers, sweaters, boots, shoes, shoe soles, bodysuits or jackets; - Electrical components; preferably electrical or electronic passive or active components, circuit boards, printed circuit boards, housing components, foil, wire, switches, plugs, sockets, distributors, relays, resistors, capacitors, inductors, spools, lamps, diodes, LEDs, transistors, connectors, voltage regulators, integrated circuits (ICs), processors, controllers, memory, sensors, microswitches, micro buttons, semiconductors, reflector housings for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), fasteners, gaskets, bolts, strips, slide-in guides, screws, nuts, membrane hinges, spring hooks (clamp-in) or spring tongues; - Consumer goods, agricultural products, or pharmaceutical products; preferably tennis strings, climbing ropes, bristles, brushes, artificial turf, 3D printed filaments, lawnmowers, zippers, hook and loop fasteners, paper machine fabrics, extrusion coatings, fishing lines, fishing nets, offshore lines and ropes, vials, syringes, ampoules, bottles, sliding elements, spindle nuts, chain conveyors, sliding bearings, rollers, wheels, gears, ring gears, screws and spring dampers, hoses, pipes, cable sheaths, sockets, switches, cable ties, fan wheels, carpets, cosmetic boxes or bottles, mattresses, cushioning pads, insulating materials, detergents, dishwasher detergent blocks or powders, shampoos, shower gels, bath gels, soaps, fertilizers, fungicides, or pest control agents; - Packaging for the food industry; preferably single-layer or multi-layer blown film, cast film (single-layer or multi-layer), biaxial stretch film, or laminated film; or - Structural components; preferably rotor blades, insulating materials, frames, housings, walls, coatings, or partition walls.

[0152] In a preferred embodiment, the content of the raw materials in the pyrolysis oil, syngas, monomer, polymer, or polymer product is 1% by weight or more, preferably 2% by weight or more, more preferably 5% by weight or more, more preferably 15% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, more preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more, more preferably 95% by weight or more; and / or

[0153] The content of the raw materials in the pyrolysis oil, syngas, monomer, polymer, or polymer product is 100% by weight or less, preferably 95% by weight or less, more preferably 90% by weight or less, more preferably 50% by weight or less, more preferably 25% by weight or less, and more preferably 10% by weight or less; and

[0154] Preferably, the content is determined based on an identity preservation and / or segregation and / or quality balance and / or book and claims custody model, preferably based on quality balance, and preferably based on the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) standard.

[0155] One or more conversion steps to obtain pyrolysis oil, syngas, monomers, polymers, or polymer products may include one or more synthetic steps and can be carried out by conventional synthesis and techniques well known to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art, independent of those evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the independent claim, preferably come from one or more technical fields of pyrolysis, gasification, remonomerization, depolymerization, synthesis, production of monomers, polymers, and polymer compounds, and / or their further processing (e.g., extrusion, injection molding). Examples of one or more steps of the transformation are described in "Industrial Organic Chemistry", Volume 3, Wiley-VCH, 1997, ISBN: 978-3-527-28838-0; "Kunststoffhandbuch", Volume 11 of 17 sub-volumes, Carl Hanser Verlag; especially Volume 6, "Polyamide", 1st edition, 1966; Volume 7, "Polyurethane", 3rd edition, 1993; and Volume 8, "Polyester", 1st edition, 1973; "Industrial Organic Chemistry", Volume 3, Wiley-VCH, 1997, ISBN: 978-3-527-28838-0, "Injection Molding" Reference Guide [Injection Molding Reference Guide], 4th Edition, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2011, ISBN: 978-1466407824, EP0989146 (A1), EP1460094 (A1), WO 2006034800 (A1), EP1529792 (A1), WO2006042674 (A1), EP0364854 (A2), US5506275 (A), EP0897402 (A1), WO 2015082316 (A1), WO 2021021855 (A1), WO 2021126938 (A1), WO 2021021902 (A1), WO 2021092311 (A1), WO 2008155271 (A1) and WO 2013139827 (A1), which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0156] Example

[0157] The syngas production apparatus and method according to the invention for the continuous production of syngas by gasification of a feedstock having different physical and / or chemical properties are further explained by one or more non-limiting simulation examples below.

[0158] Example 1

[0159] Raw material (10) was provided. The water content and particle size distribution of raw material (10) were determined by gravimetric analysis and by sieve particle size analysis, respectively. The measured water content was 45 wt.-%, and the median particle size was greater than 150 mm.

[0160] The measured water content and particle size distribution values ​​are transmitted from the analysis unit (11) to the control unit (12) connected to the data signal, which compares the measured values ​​with a database containing a suitable combination of the following: a) Raw materials with measured water content and particle size distribution as physical and / or chemical raw material characteristics. b) One or more pretreatment methods selected from the group consisting of: drying, pulverizing, classifying, sorting, agglomerating, thermochemical methods, and biological methods, and c) Gasifier type, selected from the group consisting of: countercurrent fixed bed reactor, co-current fixed bed reactor, bubbling fluidized bed reactor, circulating fluidized bed reactor, dual fluidized bed reactor, bottom-exhaust entrained flow reactor and top-exhaust entrained flow reactor.

[0161] The syngas production equipment includes a first distribution unit (13) comprising three conveyor belts, a pretreatment unit (14a) for drying and grinding a combination of raw materials, and a second pretreatment unit (14b) for roasting and granulation. The syngas production equipment further includes a second distribution unit (16), a first gasifier (17a) serving as a circulating fluidized bed gasifier, and a second gasifier (17b) serving as a ferrule gasifier. The syngas production equipment further includes a central syngas purification unit (19).

[0162] Then, a raw material (10a) with at least one measured physical and / or chemical property is loaded onto a first conveyor belt, which is part of a first distribution unit (13). Based on measurements of the water content and particle size distribution of the raw material (10; 10a), a control unit (12) selects a pretreatment unit comprising drying and crushing pretreatment methods to provide a pretreated raw material with reduced water content and reduced particle size distribution. A control signal is transmitted from the control unit (12) to the first distribution unit (13), which is connected to a data signal and fluidly connects the first conveyor belt on which the raw material (10a) is loaded to a second conveyor belt on which the raw material (10a) is transported to a first pretreatment unit (14a), in which the water content of the raw material (10a) is reduced to about 10 wt.-% by drying and the particle size distribution is reduced to about 5 mm (d50 value) by crushing. The pretreated raw material (15a) leaves the first pretreatment unit (14a) and is transported to a second distribution unit (16) on a third conveyor belt. The second distribution element (16) receives a control signal from the control unit (12) connected to the data signal and transfers the pretreated raw material (15a) to the fourth conveyor belt, on which the pretreated raw material (15a) is transported to the first gasifier (17b), which is a circulating fluidized bed gasifier type identified by the control unit (10) as the most suitable gasifier for the raw material (10; 10a) having a water content and average particle size as measured by the analysis unit (11), the water content being reduced to about 10 wt.-% by drying in the first pretreatment unit (14a), and the particle size distribution being reduced to about 5 mm (d50 value) by grinding.

[0163] The pretreated feedstock (15a) is then converted into a desired continuous crude syngas stream (18a) with controlled characteristics such as a desired molar ratio of H2:CO. The crude syngas stream (18a) is purified in a central syngas purification unit (19) into a continuous clean syngas stream (20) with controlled characteristics such as a desired molar ratio of H2:CO.

[0164] Then, a desired continuous syngas flow with controlled properties is obtained through a gasification reaction in a second gasifier (17b) (18b).

[0165] Example 2

[0166] Raw material (100a) is provided at location a, where a first distribution unit (130) and pretreatment units (140a; 140b) are also located. Gasifiers (170a; 170b) and a central syngas purification unit (190) are installed at location b. The calorific value of the raw material (100a) is determined, and then a specific combination of a pretreatment unit from one of the at least two pretreatment units and a gasifier from one of the at least two gasifiers is selected based on at least one determined physical and / or chemical property. Thus, the raw material (100a) is pretreated by pyrolysis in the pretreatment unit (140a). The raw material is converted into pyrolysis oil and char by the pyrolysis reaction, and the pyrolysis oil and char are combined into pretreated raw material (150a), which is then transported by truck to location b, where the pretreated raw material (150a) is fed accordingly into a run-of-flow gasifier, where crude syngas (180a) is formed. Next, impurities in the crude syngas (180a) are removed in the central syngas purification unit (190), and then a desired clean syngas stream (200) with controlled characteristics is obtained.

Claims

1. A syngas production apparatus for continuously producing syngas with controlled characteristics by gasifying a feedstock having different physical and / or chemical properties, the syngas production apparatus comprising: (i) Optionally, at least one analytical unit is used to measure at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material. (ii) At least two preprocessing units, wherein the preprocessing units are different from each other. (iii) A first dispensing unit, wherein the first dispensing unit is upstream of and fluidly connected to each of the at least two pretreatment units, and (iv) at least two gasifiers, wherein the gasifiers are different from one another, and (v) An optional control unit that automatically or manually receives, or previously determined, the at least one physical and / or chemical property measured by, at least one optional analytical unit, and thereby selects a specific combination of a pretreatment unit from one of the at least two pretreatment units and a gasifier from one of the at least two gasifiers. The syngas production apparatus further includes a second distribution unit, which is upstream of and fluidly connected to each of the at least two gasifiers, and optionally downstream of and fluidly connected to each of the at least two pretreatment units.

2. The syngas production equipment according to claim 1, wherein, The at least two pretreatment units are suitable for one or more pretreatment methods selected from the group consisting of drying, pulverizing, grading, sorting, agglomeration, thermochemical methods and biological methods.

3. The syngas production equipment according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, The at least two gasifiers are selected from the group consisting of: countercurrent fixed bed reactors, co-current fixed bed reactors, bubbling fluidized bed reactors, circulating fluidized bed reactors, dual fluidized bed reactors, bottom-exhaust entrained flow reactors, and top-exhaust entrained flow reactors, provided that the at least two gasifiers are different from each other.

4. The syngas production equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The physical and / or chemical properties that are determined or measured are selected from the group consisting of: water content, ash content, elemental composition, particle size distribution, and calorific value.

5. The syngas production equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The first distribution unit is selected from the group including silos, flat-bottomed silos and / or underground silos, and may optionally be equipped with a mixing unit and / or a conveying system.

6. The syngas production equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The control unit is connected to the optional at least one analysis unit via a data signal, and the control unit is connected to the first distribution unit via a data signal.

7. The syngas production equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a central syngas purification unit, wherein, The central purification unit is downstream of and fluidly connected to each of the at least two gasifiers.

8. The syngas production equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The syngas production facility consists of two facilities, wherein the first facility includes an optional first control unit, the first distribution unit and the at least two pretreatment units, and wherein the second facility includes the at least two gasifiers, an optional second distribution unit and the optional central syngas purification facility.

9. The syngas production equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, This particular combination of a pretreatment unit and a gasification reactor is selected by comparing the determined at least one physical and / or chemical property value with at least one physical and / or chemical property value stored in a device for storing information, wherein the at least one physical and / or chemical property value is associated with a suitable combination of a feedstock having the at least one physical and / or chemical property value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled properties.

10. A method for continuously producing syngas by gasifying a feedstock having different physical and / or chemical properties, the method comprising the following steps: (i) Providing raw materials with different physical and / or chemical properties, wherein at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw materials is determined. (ii) Providing at least two feedstock pretreatment units and at least two gasifiers, wherein the pretreatment units are different from each other, and wherein each of the at least two pretreatment units is adapted to one or more pretreatment methods, wherein the gasifiers are different from each other. (iii) Based on the at least one physical and / or chemical property determined in step (i), select a specific combination of a pretreatment unit from one of the at least two pretreatment units and a gasifier from one of the at least two gasifiers, and (iv) Syngas with controlled characteristics is continuously produced from the feedstock in the specific combination of a pretreatment unit and a gasifier.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, At least two pretreatment methods are independently selected from the group consisting of drying, pulverizing, grading, sorting, agglomeration, thermochemical methods and biological methods, provided that the at least two pretreatment methods are different from each other.

12. The method according to any one of claim 10 or 11, wherein, The at least two gasifiers are independently selected from the group consisting of: countercurrent fixed bed reactors, co-current fixed bed reactors, bubbling fluidized bed reactors, circulating fluidized bed reactors, dual fluidized bed reactors, bottom-exhaust entrained flow reactors, and top-exhaust entrained flow reactors, provided that the at least two gasifiers are different from each other.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein, The at least one physical and / or chemical property of the raw material determined in step (i) is selected from the group consisting of: water content, ash content, elemental composition, particle size distribution and calorific value.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein, This particular combination of a pretreatment method and a gasification reactor is established by comparing the determined physical and / or chemical property values ​​of the at least one raw material with at least one physical and / or chemical property value stored in a device for storing information, wherein the at least one physical and / or chemical property value is associated with a suitable combination of a raw material having the at least one physical and / or chemical property value, a suitable pretreatment method, and a suitable gasifier type for the continuous production of syngas with controlled properties.

15. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, comprising the following steps: - To convert syngas or chemical materials that can be obtained or acquired by the method according to any one of claims 11 to 15 into monomers, polymers or polymer products.

16. The method according to claim 15, in, The monomer is a diol or polyol; preferably butanediol; an aldehyde; preferably formaldehyde; a diisocyanate or polyisocyanate; preferably methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) or isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI); an amide; preferably caprolactam; an olefin; preferably styrene, ethylene and norbornene; an alkyne, (di) ester; preferably methyl methacrylate; a monoacid or diacid; preferably adipic acid or terephthalic acid; a diamine; preferably hexamethylenediamine, nonadiamine; or a sulfone; preferably 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, in, The polymer and / or the polymer product contains polyamide (PA); preferably PA 6 or PA 66; a polyisocyanate addition polymer; preferably polyurethane (PU), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyurea or polyisocyanurate (PIR); low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polystyrene (PS), polyacrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene acrylonitrile (SAN), polyacrylic acid styrene acrylonitrile (ASA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polybutadiene (BR, PBD), poly(cis-1,4-isoprene), poly(trans-1,4-isoprene) Diene, polyoxymethylene (POM), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene adipate (PBAT), polyester (PES), polyethersulfone (PESU), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB), poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB), polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV), polyhydroxyhexanoate (PHH), polyhydroxyoctanoate (PHO), polylactic acid (PLA), polysulfone (PSU), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU), polycarbonate (PC), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO), poly(p-phenylene ether) (PPE); or copolymers or mixtures thereof.

18. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, in, The polymer and / or the polymer product is one or more of the following: - Automotive parts; preferably cylinder head covers, engine hoods, turbocharger housings, turbocharger baffles, intake pipes, intake manifolds, connectors, gears, fan wheels, coolant tanks, housings, heat exchanger housings, coolant coolers, turbocharger coolers, thermostats, water pumps, radiators, fasteners, battery system parts for electric vehicles, dashboards, steering column switches, seats, headrests, center consoles, transmission components, door modules, A, B, C, or D pillar covers, spoilers, door handles, exterior mirrors, windshield wipers, windshield wiper protective housings, decorative grilles, cover strips, roof rails, window frames, sunroof frames, antenna panels, headlights and taillights, engine hoods, cylinder head covers, intake manifolds, airbags, cushioning pads or coatings; - Fabric; preferably shirts, trousers, sweaters, boots, shoes, shoe soles, bodysuits or jackets; - Electrical components; preferably electrical or electronic passive or active components, circuit boards, printed circuit boards, housing components, foil, wire, switches, plugs, sockets, distributors, relays, resistors, capacitors, inductors, spools, lamps, diodes, LEDs, transistors, connectors, voltage regulators, integrated circuits (ICs), processors, controllers, memory, sensors, microswitches, micro buttons, semiconductors, reflector housings for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), fasteners, gaskets, bolts, strips, slide-in guides, screws, nuts, membrane hinges, spring hooks (clamp-in) or spring tongues; - Consumer goods, agricultural products, or pharmaceutical products; preferably tennis strings, climbing ropes, bristles, brushes, artificial turf, 3D printed filaments, lawnmowers, zippers, hook and loop fasteners, paper machine fabrics, extrusion coatings, fishing lines, fishing nets, offshore lines and ropes, vials, syringes, ampoules, bottles, sliding elements, spindle nuts, chain conveyors, sliding bearings, rollers, wheels, gears, ring gears, screws and spring dampers, hoses, pipes, cable sheaths, sockets, switches, cable ties, fan wheels, carpets, cosmetic boxes or bottles, mattresses, cushioning pads, insulating materials, detergents, dishwasher detergent blocks or powders, shampoos, shower gels, bath gels, soaps, fertilizers, fungicides, or pest control agents; - Packaging for the food industry; preferably single-layer or multi-layer blown film, cast film (single-layer or multi-layer), biaxial stretch film, or laminated film; or - Structural components; preferably rotor blades, insulating materials, frames, housings, walls, coatings, or partition walls.

19. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 18, in, The content of the raw material in the syngas, monomer, polymer, or polymer product is 1% by weight or more, preferably 2% by weight or more, more preferably 5% by weight or more, more preferably 15% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, more preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more, more preferably 95% by weight or more; and / or The content of the raw material in the pyrolysis oil, syngas, monomer, polymer, or polymer product is 100% by weight or less, preferably 95% by weight or less, more preferably 90% by weight or less, more preferably 50% by weight or less, more preferably 25% by weight or less, and more preferably 10% by weight or less; and Preferably, the content is determined based on an identity preservation and / or segregation and / or quality balance and / or book and claims custody model, preferably based on quality balance, and preferably based on the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) standard.

Images