Method and apparatus for turbine blade protection

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for turbine blade protection are provided herein. In particular, there is provided a method for protecting a wind turbine blade or a portion thereof by a corrosion protection comprising a polymer composition, the method comprising the steps of: receiving geometric data of at least a portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected; selecting a corrosion protection based at least in part on an offset of the received geometric data; and optionally, applying the corrosion protection to the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected using an adhesive disposed between the corrosion protection and the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected.

Description

background

[0001] Wind turbines are designed to operate in a variety of weather conditions, enabling them to harness wind energy and generate electricity. However, exposure to different factors can jeopardize their performance and structural integrity. Damage to wind turbine blades can be caused by collisions between airborne particles and the blades, or by other severe weather events or bird strikes. This damage can significantly reduce the turbine's efficiency and power generation capacity.

[0002] Consequently, the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine blades may be adversely affected, leading to a loss in annual power generation. Furthermore, wind farms may experience periods of non-operation to address and repair damage, resulting in significant financial losses and a decrease in annual power generation. To ensure optimal efficiency and cost-effectiveness, wind farm operators must prevent damage from occurring or implement robust maintenance and inspection protocols to promptly detect and repair blade damage. Overview

[0003] This overview is provided to introduce, in a simplified form, a series of concepts that will be further described in the detailed description below. This overview is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to serve as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0004] A first aspect provides a method for protecting a wind turbine blade or a portion thereof with an erosion shield comprising a polymer composition, optionally an amorphous polymer composition, the method comprising the steps of: receiving geometric data of at least a portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected; selecting the erosion shield at least in part based on an offset of the received geometric data; and optionally, applying the erosion shield to the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected using an adhesive disposed between the erosion shield and the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected. Another aspect provides an erosion shield for protecting a wind turbine blade or a component thereof, the erosion shield being suitable for the above method. Yet another aspect provides a wind turbine blade or a component thereof protected by an erosion shield using the above method.

[0005] Preferred features may be combined where appropriate, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and preferred features may be combined with any aspect of the invention. Brief description of the attached diagram

[0006] Embodiments of the invention will be described by way of example with reference to the following accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 The image shows a wind turbine in operation, with one of its blades already damaged. Figure 2The image shows a wind turbine blade fitted with protective corrosion-resistant components. Figure 3 The image shows the application of adhesive to wind turbine blades; Figure 4 The application of adhesive to the corrosion-resistant protective components is shown; Figure 5 This illustrates the application of corrosion-resistant protective components to wind turbine blades; and Figure 6 The image shows the removal of the protective film from the corrosion-resistant material.

[0007] Common reference figures are used throughout the accompanying drawings to indicate similar features. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be drawn to scale. Detailed description

[0008] Wind turbine blades can be damaged by a variety of factors. Examples of such damage include erosion caused by airborne particles, birds, ultraviolet radiation, and weather factors such as rain and hail, which lead to a decrease in blade thickness and aerodynamic efficiency over time.

[0009] Manufacturing or material defects can also make blades susceptible to premature wear. These issues can reduce wind turbine efficiency, increase maintenance costs, and, in extreme cases, lead to blade failure, requiring timely inspection, repair, and design improvements. Figure 1 As shown, an operational wind turbine is illustrated, designed to harness wind power and convert it into renewable energy. The wind turbine 105 comprises three main components: a tower 115, a nacelle 120, and one or more blades 100. The tower 115 is a tall structure that provides support and stability for the entire system and elevates the blades 100 to the desired height. The nacelle 120, located atop the tower 115, houses the mechanical components responsible for generating electricity.

[0010] Blades 100 are used to capture the kinetic energy of the wind. The number of blades 100 can vary depending on the specific design of the wind turbine 105, but the most common configuration includes two or three blades 100.

[0011] Figure 1 The specific wind turbine 105 shown encountered problems during its operation, and the leading edge of one of its blades 100 suffered significant damage 110. The leading edge is typically subjected to the most direct effects of wind and other environmental factors. Leading edge erosion typically manifests as a rough, eroded surface and / or exposure of the substrate laminate. If structural damage occurs, the nature and extent of the damage can vary; there may be visible cracks, significant fractures, or bending that alter the aerodynamic profile of the blade 100.

[0012] Blade damage can have multiple impacts on the performance and overall efficiency of a wind turbine. Unbalanced loads caused by damaged blades can generate vibrations, leading to increased stress throughout the structure. This increased stress can accelerate wear on other components and jeopardize the stability and structural integrity of the entire wind turbine. Furthermore, the altered aerodynamics of damaged blades can disrupt optimal airflow through the rotor, reducing the wind turbine's overall energy capture efficiency. This reduced efficiency translates into lower power generation, resulting in less renewable electricity output.

[0013] Figure 2 A wind turbine blade 100 equipped with a protective corrosion protector 200 is shown. The protective corrosion protector 200 is designed to protect the leading edge surface of the blade 100 from external damage. The corrosion protector 200 serves as a proactive measure to prevent, minimize, or repair the effects of wear, particularly wear caused by the forces of wind, rain, sand, ultraviolet radiation, temperature variations, and / or other abrasive factors encountered by the blade during its operational life. Regardless of the chemical structure of the substrate (wind turbine blade material) or the physical conditions of the substrate prior to application, the substrate and the leading edge corrosion protector 200 should not delaminate. The corrosion protector 200 can be applied to both the original substrate and the eroded substrate; substrate repair is not required except in cases where structural repair is necessary.

[0014] The corrosion-resistant protective component 200 can be formed from multiple smaller modules applied in series, for example... Figure 2 The segments 200', 200'', 200''', and 200'''' shown cover a portion or substantially the entire blade 100. It should be understood that, depending on the specific model used, the corrosion protection 200 may be formed from more or fewer segments. The corrosion protection 200 may also include a "boot" segment 205 that covers at least a portion of one end of the blade 100 (e.g., the end remote from the nacelle 120). For example, the boot length may be between 100 mm and 600 mm, such as between 200 mm and 400 mm, or as such as 300 mm. Depending on the specific model used, the corrosion protection 200 may also be formed from a single segment.

[0015] The plurality of smaller segments 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''' and / or sheaths 205 of the corrosion protection component 200 may include one or more positioning reference points 210. Positioning reference points are specific points or features designed into portions of the corrosion protection component 200 to facilitate proper alignment and connection during assembly of the corrosion protection component 200. These points act as guides to ensure that the different portions of the corrosion protection component 200 fit together securely and accurately, resulting in a cohesive and effective corrosion protection system.

[0016] Positioning reference points are typically composed of corresponding notches, grooves, or cuts (e.g., essentially U-shaped cuts) strategically placed on the edges or surfaces of the smaller segments 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''' and / or the sleeve 205 of the corrosion-resistant member 200. When two segments are joined, these reference points precisely interlock or fit together, leaving almost no space for misalignment or gaps.

[0017] The convex or concave positioning reference points 210 help ensure the precise positioning of the next guard segment in the sequence, so that each guard segment in the sequence will be precisely positioned to the section of the blade it is designed and formed to fit with. They also minimize human error, a common feature of poor installation and high costs in the industry. This facilitates a tight fit between each guard segment in the sequence. The shape of each guard segment can allow for flush engagement with the next guard segment on the leading edge and opening toward the trailing edge. Each smaller segment 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''' in sequence of the entire corrosion protection 200 can be designed as an end-to-end flush joint with a leading edge, wherein the joint opens, for example, 1 mm to 3 mm, such as 2 mm, to accommodate the bending of the wind turbine blade during operation. Along the length of the blade's chord (leading edge), the length of each smaller segment 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''' of the entire corrosion protection element 200 can be, for example, between 750 mm and 930 mm, typically 850 mm. This can be considered a useful length range to allow the installer easy manipulation while maximizing the length covered by each protection element, and thus making the most efficient use of time and materials. The thickness of the corrosion protection element 200 or any one or each of the smaller segments 200', 200'', 200'''', 200'''' can be, for example, between 1 mm and 5 mm, such as between 2 mm and 3 mm.

[0018] Using positioning reference points 210 in the assembly of corrosion protection components 200 helps to precisely align the different parts, ensuring they are correctly positioned relative to each other. This alignment is important for maintaining the structural integrity of the corrosion protection components during installation and use. Positioning reference points 210 also enhance the stability of the corrosion protection components by tightly connecting the parts. This can reduce or even prevent any displacement or separation between the parts, which could compromise the effectiveness of corrosion control measures.

[0019] Furthermore, the positioning reference point 210 simplifies the assembly process, making it easier for workers or contractors to correctly and effectively place the corrosion protection components 200 together. Using the positioning reference point 210 improves consistency during installation, reduces the risk of human error, and creates a more uniform corrosion protection system. Properly assembled corrosion protection components with well-matched positioning reference points 210 function more effectively to protect the blades 100.

[0020] The corrosion protector 200, or any (preferably each) portion 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''', 200'''', may have a substantially semi-tubular shape with a substantially U-shaped cross-section. This substantially U-shaped cross-section may be configured to match the profile of the blade portion to be protected, preferably the profile of the leading edge of the blade, thereby ensuring a precise and tight fit. Alternatively, the portions 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''', 200'''', or each portion of the corrosion protector 200 may have different cross-sectional shapes, such as a substantially "J-shaped" cross-section, with a tight fit minimizing the risk of any gaps or gaps between the corrosion protector 200 and the surface of the blade 100, thereby effectively sealing the blade away from the external environment. The corrosion protection element 200 or any (preferably each) component 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''', 205 can be considered to have an "inner" portion on the surface adjacent to the blade 100 in use and an "outer" portion on the surface away from the blade 100 in use.

[0021] The lengths of the corrosion protection element 200 or any (preferably each) portion 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''', 205 on both the pressure and suction sides of the blade, from the leading edge to the trailing edge, can be designed to maximize material utilization efficiency, balancing the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade 100 with the requirement to cover the most eroded blade areas. Optionally, the lengths from the chord to the trailing edge on both sides are generally equal or nearly equal, but in some cases, asymmetry in these lengths may also be beneficial to aerodynamic performance.

[0022] The semi-tubular shape can be designed to minimize interference with the airflow around the blade 100. By following the curvature of the part of the blade to be protected, such as the leading edge of the blade 100, the rust protector 200 maintains the aerodynamic profile of the blade, allowing it to continue to effectively capture wind and generate renewable energy.

[0023] When selecting a corrosion protection element 200 for a specific wind turbine 105, the selection process involves obtaining geometric data related to the specific portion 110 of the wind turbine blade 100 that needs protection. This geometric data typically includes measurements and dimensions describing the shape, size, and curvature of the blade or blade leading edge, which is the primary area susceptible to corrosion and therefore requires protection. This data can be collected and / or acquired through various means, such as technical specifications, laser scanning, 3D scanning, computer-aided design (CAD) modeling, 3D modeling, or other measurement techniques, ensuring accuracy and precision. Optionally, methods for collecting data include capturing the blade geometry and creating a digital mesh, which can then be converted into a surface model and used to implement CAD designs for the production of vacuum forming tools and blade protection elements, particularly leading edge protection elements. Features of the blade 100 itself, such as lightning protection features or drainage holes, can be captured in the geometry and incorporated into the design. If there are changes on the blade 100 that place the feature in a position different from the position indicated by the geometry, the corrosion protection lining 200 can be manually altered by a field technician who can accordingly cut, grind, drill and / or modify the lining.

[0024] The received geometric data is then carefully analyzed and processed to determine the specific requirements for the corrosion protection element 200. This analysis may include studying the blade profile, leading edge curvature, and any unique features or challenges posed by the turbine design. Based on the analyzed geometric data, a suitable corrosion protection element 200 is selected. The corrosion protection element 200 is typically matched to the dimensions, shape, and curvature of the leading edge of the wind turbine blade to ensure a proper and robust fit.

[0025] One criterion for selecting a specific model or shape of the corrosion protection element 200 can be the offset of the received geometric data. The offset refers to the deviation or difference between the actual geometric measurements of the blade 100 and the design of the corrosion protection element. The offset addresses manufacturing tolerances and variations in individual turbine blades. Furthermore, the selected corrosion protection element 200 can have an offset that accommodates these variations while still providing effective protection. The offset is positive because the corrosion protection element 200 needs to be slightly larger than the actual size of the blade to allow for blade variations and the application of adhesive. By taking the offset into account during the selection process, the corrosion protection element will be precisely aligned with the blade portion to be protected (e.g., the leading edge of the blade) and will accommodate blade variations and adhesive layers to provide the best possible protection against corrosive forces.

[0026] If a specific model or shape of corrosion-resistant protective part 200 is required, a vacuum forming process can be used to form the corrosion-resistant protective part 200. Extruded sheets, optionally 2 mm to 3 mm thick, can be vacuum-formed into the shape of the corrosion-resistant protective part and trimmed if necessary. Other manufacturing methods can be used to form the corrosion-resistant protective part 200.

[0027] The corrosion protection element 200 can be further adapted to enhance the performance and functionality of the wind turbine blade 100 based on specific requirements. The geometry of the element can be modified to improve the aerodynamics of the blade. Therefore, the element may include one or more notches, grooves, bulbous profiles, or corrugated patterns, appropriately arranged to reduce drag and improve the overall efficiency of the wind turbine. The element 200 may include one or more strain gauges to allow real-time monitoring of blade stress and strain during operation. The element 200 may include one or more lightning protection features to appropriately provide both erosion protection and lightning strike mitigation. The element 200 may include materials or adhesives to better adapt to specific environmental conditions or performance requirements, such as providing enhanced durability, flexibility, or resistance to environmental factors. The inclusion of one or more of these modifications ensures that the corrosion protection element 200 is not only tailored to fit the blade's geometry but can also be further optimized to improve turbine performance and extend its service life.

[0028] The corrosion protector 200, or any (preferably each) portion thereof, may be formed of a durable and resilient material having sufficient rigidity to allow for easy manipulation, application, and minimization of the possibility of cavitation, while maintaining sufficient flexibility to allow for a tight fit during application. Optionally, the corrosion protector 200 is at least partially formed of a polymer composition comprising: (I) A thermoplastic component comprising a thermoplastic copolymer matrix A and a graft copolymer B, wherein the thermoplastic copolymer matrix A comprises optionally substituted styrene and acrylonitrile, and the graft copolymer B comprises a graft substrate and a graft shell, wherein the graft substrate comprises C1-C8 alkyl (meth)acrylates. (II) Optionally one or more fibers, which may optionally react with copolymer matrix A; and / or (III) One or more types of polycarbonate.

[0029] Alternatively or additionally, the polymer composition of the corrosion-resistant component 200 may include: (I) 20 wt.-% to 100 wt.-% of thermoplastic component T, said thermoplastic component T comprising (or consisting of) the following: (A) At least one thermoplastic copolymer matrix A comprising 10 wt.-% to 90 wt.-% relative to the thermoplastic component T, wherein the matrix comprises: (A1) at least one monomer selected from styrene and α-methylstyrene, relative to 50 wt.-% to 95 wt.-% of the thermoplastic copolymer matrix A; and (A2) At least one monomer selected from acrylonitrile and monomers having a functional group MI, relative to 5 wt.-% to 50 wt.-% of the thermoplastic copolymer matrix A; and (B) At least one graft copolymer B comprising (or consisting of) 10 wt.-% to 90 wt.-% of the thermoplastic component T. (B1) At least one graft matrix B1 having a glass transition temperature Tg below -20°C, wherein the graft matrix B1 comprises at least one C1-C8 alkyl (meth)acrylate as monomer B11; and optionally one or more multifunctional crosslinking monomers B12; and (B2) At least one grafted shell B2 comprising (or consisting of): at least one monomer B21 selected from the group consisting of: styrene, α-methylstyrene, C1-C8 alkyl (meth)acrylates, and mixtures of styrene and at least one additional monomer selected from the group consisting of: α-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene and C1-C8 alkyl (meth)acrylates; and optionally one or more additional monomers B22 selected from the group consisting of: acrylonitrile, and mixtures of acrylonitrile and at least one additional monomer selected from the group consisting of: methacrylonitrile, acrylamide, methyl vinyl ether, anhydrides of unsaturated carboxylic acids and imides of unsaturated carboxylic acids; (II) One or more fibers F, relative to 0 wt.-% to 80 wt.-% of the thermoplastic component T, wherein one or more fibers F optionally include functional groups GI that form covalent bonds with the functional group MI of monomer A2 on their surface; (III) One or more polycarbonates, ranging from 0 wt.% to 80 wt.% relative to the thermoplastic component T; (IV) One or more additional (co)polymers relative to 0 wt.-% to 50 wt.-% of the thermoplastic component T; and (V) One or more polymer additives relative to 0 wt.-% to 10 wt.-% of the thermoplastic component T.

[0030] The materials in the corrosion protection components 200 can be carefully selected to withstand the harsh environmental conditions that wind turbine blades typically endure without compromising the blades' aerodynamic efficiency and overall performance.

[0031] There are two main scenarios in which corrosion-resistant protective components 200 can be applied: Application after damage: such as Figure 2 As shown, the wind turbine blade 100 can undergo a process similar to Figure 1 Corrosion protection is applied after the damage depicted in the diagram. Once the damage is detected, the severity and extent of the damage can be assessed. If the structural integrity of the blade is intact and the damage is limited to the surface, the application of corrosion protection 200 can help protect the blade 100 from further degradation and restore its aerodynamic shape. When used for post-damage application, corrosion protection 200 can also optionally be applied to the undamaged blades of the wind turbine 105 to balance the load and reduce vibration. In cases where several blades 100 of the wind turbine 105 experience damage at different locations along the length of the blade 100, the composition of individual corrosion protection 200 or segments 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''' of corrosion protection 200 can optionally be varied (e.g., by including density-adjusting filler) to balance the load and reduce vibration.

[0032] Standard factory-installed components: In some cases, wind turbine 105 manufacturers may choose to assemble the corrosion protection component 200 as a standard feature during the factory production of the blades 100. By doing so, the blades 100 are equipped with an additional protective layer from the outset, enhancing their resistance to environmental challenges and extending their service life.

[0033] The corrosion protection element 200 acts as a barrier against the corrosive forces described herein, which can gradually wear down the surface of the blade. Furthermore, the corrosion protection element 200 mitigates the potential formation and propagation of small cracks and surface defects that could lead to more severe damage over time.

[0034] By incorporating corrosion-resistant components into wind turbine blade design and maintenance practices, operators and manufacturers can improve turbine reliability, extend their service life, and reduce maintenance costs. This approach aligns with broader goals regarding the maximization of wind turbine efficiency and sustainability, contributing to a cleaner and more environmentally friendly power generation landscape.

[0035] Applying the corrosion protection 200 may require extra care and involves precise installation techniques to ensure it adheres firmly to the surface of the blade 100.

[0036] In such Figure 3Before applying adhesive 305 as shown, thoroughly clean the designated area 110 of the wind turbine blade 100 that needs protection using a specialized cleaner. This cleaner is chosen because it is capable of removing any dirt, debris, contaminants, and / or residues of previous protective layers (if applicable). Additionally or alternatively, a grinder and / or wire brush may be used to remove loose or flaking material within the designated area 110. Ensuring a clean surface helps achieve a strong bond between adhesive 305 and the blade 100. If any deteriorated or damaged sections exist on the application area 110 of the wind turbine blade, these areas can be carefully removed or repaired to create a prepared surface for adhesive application. The cleaner may contain any suitable agents, such as alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, water, and mixtures thereof, and may also contain additives, such as detergents. For example, isopropanol (IPA), optionally containing up to 70% alcohol by volume, can be used; it is a solvent known for its effective cleaning properties and ability to remove contaminants from surfaces.

[0037] After removing any deteriorated parts or repairing damaged areas, it may be necessary to reapply a cleaning agent to ensure the entire application area 110 is clean and free of contaminants. Once any cleaning agent is applied to the application area 110, sufficient time should be allowed for at least some of the cleaning agent to evaporate. In some cases, most or all of the cleaning agent must evaporate or be removed before applying any adhesive. This allows the surface of the application area 110 to dry and be ready for the adhesive 305 to adhere effectively.

[0038] After completing the necessary preparations, apply adhesive 305 to at least a portion of the wind turbine blade 100 that needs protection, such as... Figure 3 As shown. Adhesive tape 310 (such as masking tape) can be used to prevent adhesive 305 from being applied to areas of blade 100 that are not intended to be applied. Once adhesive 305 has been applied, tape 310 can be removed. A spreading device such as a flexible plastic comb can be used to spread and distribute adhesive 305 along blade 100, which helps the worker apply equal pressure on both sides of blade 100 during continuous movement along blade 100.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, adhesive 305 can also be applied along at least a portion of the inner surface of the corrosion-resistant sheath. In this example, beads of adhesive 305 are applied to the inner portion of the sheath 205. Other sections 200', 200'', 200''', 200'''' of the corrosion-resistant sheath 200 can have adhesive 305 applied in a similar manner.

[0040] Adhesive 305 can be any type of adhesive suitable for achieving a sufficiently strong bond between the turbine blade 100 and the corrosion protector 200. For example, adhesive 305 can be a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a curable resin, or a hot-melt adhesive. For example, adhesive 305 can comprise monomers or monomer mixtures that polymerize (e.g., by adding a catalyst or initiator) to bond the corrosion protector 200 to the wind turbine blade 100, or adhesive 305 can be a polymer composition that is applied as a polymer melt and bonds the corrosion protector 200 to the wind turbine blade 100 upon cooling. For example, adhesive can comprise methyl methacrylate (MMA), a structural adhesive known for its adhesive properties and relatively high strength. The target tensile strength of the bond between the corrosion protector 200 and the wind turbine blade 100 can be greater than 15 MPa at 23°C. The tensile modulus requirement for the adhesive used during the application of the corrosion protector can be specified as greater than 600 MPa at 23°C. Tensile modulus measures the hardness or stiffness of a material and its ability to resist deformation under tensile stress. A tensile modulus of >600MPa at 23°C indicates that the adhesive has high hardness and will maintain its structural integrity under significant loads and stresses, such as those experienced during wind turbine operation.

[0041] For adhesive 305, the requirement of elongation at break >100% at 23°C may be mandatory, and refers to the adhesive's ability to stretch or elongate before reaching its breaking point. Elongation at break measures the percentage increase in length of an adhesive before it breaks when subjected to tensile stress. An elongation at break >100% means that the adhesive can stretch to at least twice its original length before failure, indicating good flexibility and resistance to brittleness.

[0042] The average lap shear strength requirement for adhesive 305 may need to be met or exceed 2 MPa at 23°C (room temperature). Lap shear strength is a measure of the adhesive’s ability to resist applied shear forces when two substrates (in this case, the corrosion protector 200 and the wind turbine blade 100) are bonded together overlapping each other.

[0043] Under the condition of applying adhesive, in 100s -1 At certain shear rates, the viscosity of adhesives used in corrosion protection applications can be less than 160 centipoise (cP). For example, in the case of a hot melt adhesive, at temperatures above the adhesive's melting point (e.g., 200°C), within 100 seconds... -1 At a shear rate of 100 s⁻¹, the viscosity can be less than 160 cP. Alternatively, when the binder is a curable resin, such as a monomer or mixture of monomers polymerized by adding a curing catalyst or initiator, the shear rate at 23°C is 100 s⁻¹. -1The viscosity can be less than 160 cP. Viscosity is a measure of fluid flow resistance, and its shear rate is 100 s⁻¹ at 23°C. -1 A viscosity of less than 160 cP indicates that the adhesive has relatively low consistency or fluidity. It flows easily and smoothly, making it easier to apply and handle during the installation of the corrosion protection component. Adhesives with lower viscosity tend to spread more evenly and penetrate any surface irregularities, resulting in a strong and uniform bond between the corrosion protection component 200 and the wind turbine blade 100.

[0044] Adhesives can be selected to be significantly unaffected by changes in dew point temperature, also known as "dew point indifferent." The dew point is the temperature at which air becomes saturated with water vapor, leading to the formation of dew or condensation on surfaces. In some environments, such as coastal or humid areas, wind turbines may experience dew formation due to temperature fluctuations. Adhesives whose performance, properties, or adhesive characteristics do not change significantly when exposed to varying dew point temperatures can be selected. This characteristic is advantageous for wind turbines because it ensures the reliability and effectiveness of corrosion protection components under different climatic conditions. Regardless of environmental conditions, dew point indifferent corrosion protection components or adhesives are more likely to maintain their integrity, bond strength, and protective capabilities.

[0045] Figure 5 The process of applying a corrosion protector 200 to a wind turbine blade 100 is illustrated. After following the preparation steps described herein, the corrosion protector 200 is securely attached to the portion 110 of the wind turbine blade 100 that needs protection. In this step, the corrosion protector 200 is carefully positioned on the portion 110 that needs protection, such as the leading edge of the wind turbine blade. The corrosion protector 200 is selected to fit onto the specific portion 110 of the wind turbine blade 100 that needs protection according to one or more predetermined criteria. The semi-tubular shape and substantially U-shaped cross-section of the corrosion protector 200 allow it to precisely conform to the leading edge of the blade. Once in place, the corrosion protector 200 is firmly pressed against the surface of the blade 100 to create a strong and secure bond between the previously applied adhesive (not shown) and the inner surface of the corrosion protector 200 and / or the outer surface of the blade 100.

[0046] The pressing process is optionally performed precisely and carefully by a worker to ensure that the rust protector 200 adheres evenly to the blade 100, preferably along the leading edge of the blade 100. The pressure applied during this step ensures that the adhesive effectively adheres to both the blade 100 and the rust protector 200, resulting in a seamless and durable protective layer. Depending on the adhesive used, the applied pressure can activate the adhesive, thereby promoting better bonding and increasing the bond strength between the rust protector 200 and the blade 100. This ensures that the rust protector 100 remains firmly in place even under the stresses and forces experienced during the operation of the wind turbine 105. Firmly pressing the rust protector 200 onto the surface of the blade also helps eliminate any cavitation or voids that could potentially weaken the adhesive bond or impair the protective ability of the rust protector. Adhesive tape can be applied laterally to hold the rust protector 200 in place until the adhesive hardens.

[0047] Figure 6 The process of removing the protective film 605 from the corrosion protector 200 after it has been firmly applied to the wind turbine blade 100 is illustrated. Once the corrosion protector 200 has been successfully pressed onto the wind turbine blade 100 and the adhesive has cured, the protective film 605, which optionally covers the outer surface of the corrosion protector, can be removed. The protective film 605 serves as a temporary cover on the corrosion protector 200, protecting it from dirt, dust, and potential damage during transport, installation, or storage. Once installation is complete, the new leading edge of the blade 100, now formed by one or more corrosion protectors 200, can be smooth, without steps between the protectors, and with a gap of approximately 2 mm between each individual segment of the corrosion protector 200 at the trailing edge.

[0048] Any examples or embodiments described herein represent suitable ways of practicing the invention as currently known to the applicant, although they are not the only ways this can be achieved. The description illustrates the function of the examples and the order of steps for constructing and operating the examples. However, the same or equivalent function and order may be implemented by different examples.

[0049] Any range or device values ​​given in this document may be extended or changed without losing the desired effect, as will be apparent to a person skilled in the art.

[0050] It should be understood that the benefits and advantages described above may relate to one embodiment or several embodiments. The embodiments are not limited to those that solve any or all of the stated problems or have any or all of the stated benefits and advantages.

[0051] Any reference to an item “an” refers to one or more of these items. The term “comprising” is used herein to mean including the identified method box or element, but such box or element is not an exclusive list, and a method or apparatus may include additional boxes or elements.

[0052] As used herein, the term "(meth)acrylate" includes acrylates, methacrylates, and mixtures thereof. The term "(co)polymer" includes both homopolymers and copolymers. The term "copolymer" includes any polymer obtained from at least two different monomers.

[0053] Unless otherwise stated, the values ​​provided for the properties are measured under ambient conditions, i.e. at 23°C and 1013 mbar.

[0054] The steps of the methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order or simultaneously when appropriate. Furthermore, individual boxes can be removed from any method without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter described herein. Aspects of any of the examples described above can be combined with aspects of any of the other examples described to form additional examples without losing the desired effect.

[0055] It should be understood that the above description of the preferred embodiments is given by way of example only, and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art. Although various embodiments have been described above with a degree of specificity or by reference to one or more individual embodiments, those skilled in the art can make many changes to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for protecting a wind turbine blade or a portion thereof using a corrosion-resistant protective element comprising a polymer composition, the method comprising the following steps: Receive geometric data of at least a portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected; The selection of corrosion-resistant components is based at least in part on the offset of the received geometric data; and Optionally, the corrosion protection is applied to the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected using an adhesive, the adhesive being disposed between the corrosion protection and the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The steps for receiving geometric data include generating a 3D scan.

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The part of the wind turbine to be protected is the leading edge of the wind turbine blades.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The adhesive is methyl methacrylate adhesive (MMA).

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The MMA is operable to provide one or more of the following: The tensile strength of the bond between the part of the wind turbine blade to be protected and the anti-corrosion protective component is >15MPa; The tensile modulus of the bond between the protected portion of the wind turbine blade and the corrosion-resistant protective component is >600 MPa; and / or Elongation at break > 100%.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims further comprises the following step: Before applying the corrosion protection, the surface of the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected is prepared.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, Preparing the surface includes one or more of the following: grinding, sanding, polishing, and / or removing loose material.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, Selecting the corrosion-resistant protective component includes the following steps: Design corrosion-resistant protective components using computer-aided design (CAD) programs.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The corrosion-resistant protective component is made of vacuum-formed extruded sheet.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The corrosion-resistant protective element has a semi-tubular shape with a substantially U-shaped cross-section.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The thickness of the corrosion-resistant protective component is between 1 mm and 5 mm, and optionally between 2 mm and 3 mm.

12. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, The length of the corrosion-resistant protective component is between 750mm and 930mm, and / or 850mm.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The corrosion-resistant protective component corresponds to the shape of the outer surface of the tip of the wind turbine blade.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The length of the corrosion-resistant protective component is between 100mm and 600mm, and / or between 200mm and 400mm, and / or 300mm.

15. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The corrosion-resistant protective component includes one or more positioning reference points.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, The one or more positioning reference points include grooves and / or notches, which are optionally arranged to fit in only one orientation.

17. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, The step of applying the anti-corrosion protective component to the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected further includes the following steps: Clean the area of ​​the part of the wind turbine blade to be protected using a cleaning agent; Wait for at least a portion of the cleaning agent to evaporate from the application area; Apply the adhesive along the leading edge of the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected and / or apply the adhesive along the inner side of the leading edge of the corrosion protector; and The corrosion-resistant protective element is oriented onto the application area using one or more positioning reference points; The corrosion-resistant protective component is pressed onto the part of the wind turbine blade to be protected.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, After cleaning the application area, at least one of the following steps is performed: Remove the degraded portion of the applied area; and / or The cleaning agent is then reapplied to the application area.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein, Use a grinder and / or wire brush to remove the deteriorated areas of the applied area.

20. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein, After pressing the anti-corrosion protector onto the portion of the wind turbine blade to be protected, the following steps are performed: Remove the protective film from the corrosion-resistant component.

21. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein, The cleaning agent is isopropanol (IPA) solvent.

22. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, The corrosion-resistant protective element is at least partially formed of a polymer composition comprising: Thermoplastic component, comprising thermoplastic copolymer matrix A and graft copolymer B, wherein thermoplastic copolymer matrix A comprises optionally substituted styrene and acrylonitrile, and graft copolymer B comprises a graft substrate and a graft shell, wherein the graft substrate comprises C1-C8 alkyl (meth)acrylate. Optional one or more fibers, said one or more fibers being capable of reacting with said copolymer matrix A; and / or One or more types of polycarbonate may be selected.

23. A corrosion protection device for protecting wind turbine blades or components thereof, said corrosion protection device being adapted to the method according to any one of the preceding claims.

24. A wind turbine blade or a component thereof, wherein the wind turbine blade or the component thereof is protected with a corrosion-resistant guard using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

25. A wind turbine comprising blades or components thereof protected with corrosion-resistant guards using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 22.

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