A coal mining drilling apparatus and method of use thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a coal mining drilling equipment and its method of use, belonging to the field of drilling equipment. It includes a pneumatic column-mounted drilling rig, on which a drill-holding assembly is adjustable via a rotating unit. The drill-holding assembly includes a fixed frame and a drill rod driven by a feed device. A transmission assembly is mounted on the fixed frame, and a cleaning assembly and a detection assembly are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the drill rod at one end. The drill-holding assembly synchronously links the cleaning and detection assemblies through the transmission assembly to achieve automatic cleaning and wear detection of the drill rod surface. This coal mining drilling equipment and its method of use, through the positioning of the pneumatic column-mounted drilling rig, the driving of the drill-holding assembly, and the linkage of the transmission assembly, achieves integrated drilling, cleaning, and detection operations without additional manual intervention. The multi-stage linkage of the cleaning assembly efficiently removes impurities, and the detection assembly accurately identifies minor damage and provides audible and visual alarms, avoiding malfunctions, reducing labor intensity, and ensuring continuous, safe, and accurate operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling equipment technology, and in particular to a coal mining drilling equipment and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In the coal mining industry, drilling is a crucial process for ensuring the effective extraction of coal resources, water exploration and drainage, and roadway support. Currently, pneumatic column drilling rigs are widely used in coal mining. These rigs, with their pneumatic drive, offer good adaptability and mobility, making them widely applicable in the complex underground working environment of coal mines. They provide equipment support for the drilling needs of coal mining, enabling drilling operations into coal seams and rock strata, laying the foundation for subsequent mining and exploration work.

[0003] However, in actual coal mine drilling operations, after use, drill rods need to be cleaned of adhering coal slag, rock cuttings, and other impurities. Current cleaning methods mostly rely on manual labor or simple tools, resulting in low efficiency and poor effectiveness. Residual impurities can adversely affect the subsequent use of the drill rod. Simultaneously, during prolonged drilling operations, drill rods experience wear and tear due to continuous friction and impact with coal and rock strata. This wear is often subtle and difficult to detect visually, preventing workers from promptly noticing damage. This not only shortens the lifespan of the drill rod but may also lead to reduced drilling accuracy and other malfunctions in subsequent drilling operations, impacting the overall efficiency of the drilling operation.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of this application concept, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a coal mining drilling equipment and its usage method to solve the problems in coal mining drilling operations, such as the inefficiency of drill rod cleaning relying on manual labor / simple tools, the impact of residual impurities on subsequent use, and the difficulty in visually detecting drill rod wear, which can shorten its lifespan, cause drilling failures, and reduce operational efficiency.

[0006] This invention adopts the following technical solution: a coal mine drilling equipment and its method of use. It includes a pneumatic column-mounted drilling rig, on which a drill-holding assembly is flexibly mounted via a rotating unit; the drill-holding assembly includes a fixed frame and a drill rod driven by a feed device; a transmission assembly is mounted on the fixed frame, and a cleaning assembly and a detection assembly are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the drill rod at one end; the drill-holding assembly synchronously links the cleaning assembly and the detection assembly through the transmission assembly to achieve automatic cleaning and wear detection of the drill rod surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the drill holding assembly includes two sets of parallel guide rods, which are fixedly installed on the fixed frame, and sliding seats are slidably connected to the two sets of guide rods; the feed device is fixedly assembled on the sliding seats, and includes a pneumatic motor, a reduction gearbox and two sets of control handles, and the feed device is connected to the air source through a pneumatic pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, a second gear is fixedly provided at the output end of the gearbox, and the second gear meshes with a second rack fixed on the fixed frame to drive the sliding seat to move smoothly along the guide rod; one end of the drill rod is fixedly connected to the power output end of the feed device, and a first support seat and a second support seat are movably sleeved on the drill rod along the axial direction. The first support seat and the second support seat are both fixedly arranged on the side of the fixed frame near the cleaning component, and are used to guide and radially support the drill rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly includes a scraping unit driven by a transmission unit. The scraping unit includes a second worm gear, which is mounted in a support base via a bearing and coaxially sleeved on the drill rod. The inner ring of the second worm gear is provided with a floating bearing supporting the drill rod. A funnel-shaped sealing cover is provided on the side of the second worm gear, which is embedded in the side of the support base. One end of the sealing cover is threadedly connected to a cleaning ring, the surface of which is adapted to the curvature design of the funnel-shaped sealing cover. A trumpet-shaped baffle is sleeved on the sealing cover to limit and block impurities generated by the cleaning ring scraping the surface of the drill rod. A vertically mounted mounting bracket is fixed on the baffle, and an inclined scraper is fixed at one end of the mounting bracket. The scraper is in contact with the surface of the sealing cover. An inclined scraper is provided outward on the surface of the sealing cover, and the scraper is in contact with the inner wall of the baffle.

[0010] Furthermore, the transmission unit includes two sets of brackets symmetrically arranged along the support base, the two sets of brackets are fixed on the fixed frame, and a worm gear 2 is provided through a bearing between the two sets of brackets. The worm gear 2 meshes with the worm wheel 2, and a bevel gear 1 is fixed to one end of the worm gear 2.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes two sets of brackets spaced apart on the fixed frame, with a support shaft parallel to the fixed frame connected between the two sets of brackets via a bearing; both ends of the support shaft are fixed with driven bevel gears, one set of driven bevel gears meshing with a driving bevel gear, the driving bevel gear being supported by a right-angle bracket bearing; the other set of driven bevel gears meshing with bevel gears; a transmission gear is coaxially mounted on the driving bevel gear, the transmission gear meshing with a fixed rack, the fixed rack being fixed to the bottom surface of the feeding device.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection assembly includes two sets of brackets three, which are symmetrically arranged along the support base two. A worm gear three is connected between the two sets of brackets three through a bearing. A bevel gear four is fixed to one end of the worm gear three, and a bevel gear three meshes with the bevel gear four. The bevel gear three is fixed on the support shaft. A worm wheel three meshes with the worm gear three, and the worm wheel three is set inside the support base two through a bearing. A floating bearing two for supporting the drill rod is set inside the worm wheel three. A mounting cover is fixed to the side of the worm wheel three, and a hollow mounting ring is fixed inside the mounting cover. Multiple detection units for detecting surface damage of the drill rod are equidistantly arranged on the mounting ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the detection unit includes a detection rod that is movably installed through the mounting ring. One end of the detection rod is fixed with an anti-detachment end, and a spring is sleeved on the detection rod. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring, and the spring exerts a downward compressive force on the detection rod. A pressing element is fixed on the bottom surface of the anti-detachment end, and a contact sensor is provided at a corresponding position on the surface of the mounting ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the pneumatic column drilling rig has a column body, and the bottom end of the column body is integrally provided with a base to provide stable support for the equipment; two sets of operating handles are fixed on both sides of the column body for easy manual gripping, and moving wheels are fixed on the side, and a fixed column is provided on the column body.

[0015] Furthermore, the system includes a moving unit, which comprises a rack fixed to the surface of a fixed column. A transmission box is slidably fitted onto the main body of the column and the fixed column. A worm gear is mounted on the inner side of the transmission box via a bearing, and a worm is meshed on the worm gear. The worm is connected to the inner side of the transmission box through a bearing, and a turntable is fixed to one end of the worm gear. A gear is coaxially mounted on the worm gear, and the gear meshes with the rack. Rotating the turntable drives the worm, worm gear, and gear to rotate, causing the transmission box to move up and down along the fixed column. The rotating unit includes a fan-shaped adjusting frame fixed to the side of the transmission box. A support rod is fixed to the center of the adjusting frame, and a support frame is rotatably mounted on the support rod. The support frame is connected to the bottom surface of the fixed frame. A locking element is threaded to one end of the support rod, and the locking element is adapted to contact the side of the support frame.

[0016] The above-mentioned at least one technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0017] A coal mine drilling equipment and its usage method are disclosed. Through precise positioning and adjustment of the pneumatic column drilling rig, stable drilling drive of the drill holding assembly, and power linkage of the transmission assembly, drilling, cleaning, and inspection are integrated and coordinated. This allows for the cleaning of impurities and damage detection on the drill rod surface without additional manual intervention, significantly improving operational efficiency. The cleaning assembly, through a multi-stage linkage structure of cleaning rings, baffles, and double scrapers, efficiently removes coal slag and rock cuttings from the drill rod surface, preventing residual impurities from affecting subsequent use. The inspection assembly, relying on an elastic fit detection unit and rotating cover design, can accurately identify minute wear, dents, and other damage that are difficult to detect with the naked eye. Timely warnings via audible and visual alarms prevent continued operation of damaged drill rods, avoiding problems such as decreased drilling accuracy and frequent malfunctions. This reduces manual labor intensity and safety hazards, ensuring the continuity, safety, and accuracy of coal mine drilling operations. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0019] In the attached diagram:

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a coal mining drilling equipment and its usage method according to this application;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial sectional view;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a pneumatic column drilling rig;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure;

[0028] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point D;

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure;

[0030] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of point E;

[0031] Figure 12 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure;

[0032] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A partial structural diagram of the mounting cover at point 55;

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 1. Pneumatic column drilling rig; 11. Column body; 12. Operating handle; 13. Rack I; 14. Transmission box; 16. Worm I; 17. Worm wheel I; 18. Turntable; 19. Moving wheel; 110. Base; 111. Fixed column; 112. Gear I; 113. Support frame; 114. Locking element; 116. Adjusting frame; 117. Support rod; 2. Drill holding assembly; 21. Fixed frame; 22. Guide rod; 23. Feed device; 231. Drill rod; 24. Handle; 25. Pneumatic pipeline; 26. Sliding seat; 27. Rack II; 28. Gear II; 210. Support seat I; 211. Support seat II; 3. Transmission assembly; 31. 1. Bracket 1; 32. Support shaft; 33. Driven bevel gear; 34. Right-angle bracket; 35. Driving bevel gear; 351. Transmission gear; 36. Fixed rack; 4. Cleaning assembly; 41. Worm gear 2; 42. Bracket 2; 43. Worm 2; 44. Bevel gear 1; 45. Sealing cover; 451. Cleaning ring; 46. Baffle; 47. Mounting bracket; 48. Scraper 1; 49. Scraper 2; 5. Detection assembly; 52. Bevel gear 3; 53. Bevel gear 4; 54. Worm 3; 55. Mounting cover; 56. Floating bearing 2; 57. Bracket 3; 58. Anti-detachment end; 59. Detection rod; 510. Spring; 511. Pressing element; 512. Mounting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0036] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] Reference Figures 1-3As shown, this invention provides a coal mine drilling equipment, including a pneumatic column drilling rig 1, a drill holding assembly 2, a transmission assembly 3, a cleaning assembly 4, and a detection assembly 5. The pneumatic column drilling rig 1 allows for flexible adjustment of the drill holding assembly 2's angle via a rotating unit to adapt to different coal mine drilling scenarios. The drill holding assembly 2 includes a fixed frame 21 and a drill rod 231 powered by a feed device 23. The transmission assembly 3 is mounted on the fixed frame 21. The cleaning assembly 4 and the detection assembly 5 are arranged sequentially along one end of the drill rod 231. The drill holding assembly 2, through the transmission assembly 3, synchronously links the cleaning assembly 4 and the detection assembly 5, automatically cleaning impurities and detecting wear on the surface of the drill rod 231 during or after drilling operations, thereby improving the automation level of coal mine drilling operations and extending the service life of the drill rod 231.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the drill holding assembly 2 in this invention is mainly used to install and drive the drill rod 231 to complete the drilling operation, and at the same time provides basic support for the power transmission of the cleaning assembly 4 and the detection assembly 5. As a preferred embodiment, the drill holding assembly 2 includes two sets of parallel guide rods 22, which are fixedly installed on the fixed frame 21. Sliding seats 26 are slidably connected to the two sets of guide rods 22. The feed device 23 is fixedly mounted on the sliding seat 26, and includes a pneumatic motor, a gearbox and two sets of control handles 24. The feed device 23 is connected to the air source through the pneumatic pipeline 25. The operator can control the forward, backward and stop actions of the feed device 23 through the handles 24. The output end of the gearbox is fixedly provided with a gear 28. The gear 28 meshes with a rack 27 fixed on the fixed frame 21 to drive the sliding seat 26 to move smoothly along the guide rods 22, thereby driving the drill rod 231 to achieve precise drilling feed operation.

[0040] To ensure stable feed and radial support stiffness of the drill rod 231 during drilling operations and to prevent vibration or offset from affecting drilling quality, a gear 28 is fixedly installed at the output end of the gearbox. The gear 28 meshes with a rack 27 fixed on the fixed frame 21. Through the precise meshing relationship of the gear and rack, the sliding seat 26 is driven to move smoothly along the guide rod 22, realizing controllable adjustment of the feed speed and stroke of the drill rod 231. One end of the drill rod 231 is fixedly connected to the power output end of the feed device 23, and a support seat 210 and a support seat 211 are movably sleeved on the drill rod 231 along the axial direction. Both the support seat 210 and the support seat 211 are fixedly installed on the side of the fixed frame 21 near the cleaning component 4, providing reliable guidance and radial support for the drill rod 231 and effectively suppressing the deflection deformation of the drill rod 231 during operation.

[0041] Reference Figures 8-9As shown, the cleaning component 4 in this invention is mainly used to automatically scrape and clean the surface of the drill rod 231 after drilling operations, removing impurities such as coal slag and rock chips, and avoiding the impact of impurity residue on the subsequent use or inspection accuracy of the drill rod 231. Preferably, the cleaning component 4 includes a scraping unit driven by a transmission unit. The scraping unit includes a second worm gear 41, which is mounted in the support seat 210 via a bearing and coaxially sleeved on the drill rod 231. The inner ring of the second worm gear 41 is provided with a floating bearing 1 supporting the drill rod 231 to adapt to the rotation and axial movement of the drill rod 231. A funnel-shaped sealing cover 45 is provided on the side of the second worm gear 41. The sealing cover 45 is embedded in the side of the support seat 210, and a cleaning ring 451 is threaded to one end. The surface of the cleaning ring 451 is adapted to the arc design of the funnel-shaped sealing cover 45, which can closely fit the surface of the drill rod 231 to achieve impurity scraping.

[0042] A horn-shaped baffle 46 is fitted onto the sealing cover 45 to limit and block impurities generated by the cleaning ring 451 scraping the surface of the drill rod 231, preventing impurities from splashing. A vertically mounted mounting bracket 47 is fixed on the baffle 46, and an inclined scraper 48 is fixed to one end of the mounting bracket 47. The scraper 48 is set in contact with the surface of the sealing cover 45 and can scrape off impurities attached to the surface of the sealing cover 45. An inclined scraper 49 is set outward from the surface of the sealing cover 45 and is set in contact with the inner wall of the baffle 46 to clean residual impurities on the inner wall of the baffle 46, realizing multi-stage cleaning and centralized collection of impurities.

[0043] In this invention, the transmission unit is mainly used to synchronously transmit the power of the drill holding assembly 2 to the cleaning assembly 4, driving the scraping unit to operate and achieve automatic cleaning of the drill rod 231 surface. A preferred transmission unit includes two sets of brackets 42 symmetrically arranged along the support base 210, which are fixed to the fixing frame 21. A worm gear 43 is provided between the two sets of brackets 42 via a bearing. The worm gear 43 meshes with a worm wheel 41, and through the transmission of the worm gear and worm wheel, the power is transmitted from the drill holding assembly 2 to the scraping unit. One end of the worm gear 43 is fixed with a bevel gear 44 for meshing with the transmission assembly 3, achieving efficient connection and transmission of power.

[0044] Continue to refer to Figures 8-9As shown, in this invention, the transmission component 3 is mainly used to synchronously transmit the feed power of the drill-holding component 2 to the cleaning component 4, realizing the linkage operation between the cleaning component 4 and the drill-holding component 2, and ensuring the synchronicity and efficiency of the surface cleaning of the drill rod 231. Preferably, the transmission component 3 includes two sets of brackets 31 spaced apart on the fixed frame 21. A support shaft 32 parallel to the fixed frame 21 is connected between the two sets of brackets 31 via bearings. Both ends of the support shaft 32 are fixed with driven bevel gears 33. One set of driven bevel gears 33 meshes with a driving bevel gear 35, which is supported by a right-angle bracket 34 bearing. The other set of driven bevel gears 33 meshes with a bevel gear 44.

[0045] The active bevel gear 35 is coaxially equipped with a transmission gear 351, which meshes with a fixed rack 36. The fixed rack 36 is fixed to the bottom surface of the feed device 23. The movement of the feed device 23 drives the meshing of the transmission gear 351 and the fixed rack 36, thereby driving the support shaft 32 and the driven bevel gear 33 to rotate, realizing the transmission of power to the cleaning component 4. This allows the cleaning component 4 to operate synchronously with the feed action of the drill holding component 2, completing the automatic cleaning of the surface of the drill rod 231.

[0046] In actual use, the pneumatic motor of the feed device 23 is started, and the operator controls the feed device 23 to move along the guide rod 22 by operating the handle 24. The gear 28 at the output end of the gearbox meshes with the rack 27, driving the drill rod 231 to feed smoothly and rotate to drill a hole. During the movement of the feed device 23, the fixed rack 36 on the bottom surface meshes with the transmission gear 351 of the transmission assembly 3, driving the support shaft 32 to rotate. Through the transmission of the driven bevel gear 33, bevel gear 44, worm gear 43 and worm wheel 41, the cleaning ring 451 of the cleaning assembly 4 rotates synchronously, scraping and cleaning the coal slag and rock chips on the surface of the drill rod 231. The scraped impurities are limited and blocked by the trumpet-shaped baffle 46, and the scraper 48 and scraper 49 further clean the residual impurities on the sealing cover 45 and the baffle 46.

[0047] Reference Figures 10-13As shown, the detection component 5 in this invention is mainly suitable for automatically detecting minor wear or damage on the surface of the drill rod 231, promptly identifying defects in the drill rod 231, and avoiding operational failures or safety hazards caused by damage to the drill rod 231. The preferred detection component 5 includes two sets of brackets 57, which are symmetrically arranged along the support base 211. A worm gear 54 is connected between the two sets of brackets 57 through a bearing. A bevel gear 53 is fixed to one end of the worm gear 54, and a bevel gear 52 meshes with the bevel gear 53. The bevel gear 52 is fixed to the support shaft 32. A worm wheel 3 (not shown in the figure) meshes with the worm gear 54. The worm wheel 3 is set in the support base 211 through a bearing. A floating bearing 56 supporting the drill rod 231 is set in the worm wheel 3 to adapt to the rotation and axial movement of the drill rod 231. A mounting cover 55 is fixed to the side of the worm wheel 3. A hollow mounting ring 512 is fixed in the mounting cover 55. Multiple detection units for detecting surface damage of the drill rod 231 are equidistantly arranged on the mounting ring 512.

[0048] In this invention, the detection unit is mainly used to identify and provide signal feedback on wear, dents, and other damage on the surface of the drill rod 231, providing a basis for the maintenance or replacement of the drill rod 231. A preferred detection unit includes a detection rod 59 that is movably connected through the mounting ring 512. One end of the detection rod 59 is fixed with an anti-detachment end 58, and a spring 510 is sleeved on the detection rod 59. Both ends of the spring 510 are connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring 512, and the spring 510 exerts a downward compressive force on the detection rod 59, ensuring that the detection rod 59 always maintains a tendency to adhere to the surface of the drill rod 231. A pressing element 511 is fixed to the bottom surface of the anti-detachment end 58, and a contact sensor (not shown in the figure) is provided at a corresponding position on the surface of the mounting ring 512.

[0049] When there is damage on the surface of drill rod 231, the detection rod 59 moves downward under the elastic force of spring 510, which drives the pressing part 511 to press the contact sensor in sync, so as to sense the damage on the surface of drill rod 231 and then send a signal of damage to the surface of drill rod 231. This electrical signal can be transmitted to the control equipment of the equipment, thereby triggering the audible and visual alarm device to remind the operator, realizing real-time and automatic detection and intelligent early warning of wear on drill rod 231, ensuring the safety and continuity of drilling operations.

[0050] In actual use, the detection component 5 works in conjunction with the drill holding component 2 and the transmission component 3 to initiate the detection process during the drilling operation of the drill rod 231. When the feed device 23 drives the drill rod 231 to retract along the guide rod 22, the transmission component 3 synchronously drives the worm gear 54 to rotate through the bevel gear meshing relationship. The worm gear 54 meshes with the worm wheel 5 (not shown in the figure), which drives the mounting cover 55 and the internal mounting ring 512 to rotate slowly and synchronously with the retraction direction of the drill rod 231, so that multiple detection units can fully cover the circumferential surface of the drill rod 231 and avoid detection blind spots.

[0051] At this time, under the continuous squeezing force of the spring 510, the free end of the detection rod 59 of the detection unit always elastically adheres to the surface of the drill rod 231. If the surface of the drill rod 231 is smooth and undamaged, the detection rod 59 is supported by the surface of the drill rod 231 and maintains its initial position, the pressing part 511 maintains a distance from the contact sensor, and the sensor is not triggered; if there is wear, dents, cracks, or other damage on the surface of the drill rod 231, the detection rod 59 at the corresponding position loses the support force of the surface of the drill rod 231 and moves down rapidly under the elastic force of the spring 510, causing the pressing part 511 at the bottom of the anti-detachment end 58 to accurately press the contact sensor.

[0052] Once the contact sensor is triggered, it immediately generates a damage electrical signal for drill rod 231. This signal is transmitted to the equipment's control system via a wire. The control system quickly processes the signal and triggers the audible and visual alarm device, which emits flashing warning lights and a buzzer sound to visually remind operators to stop the machine and check in time, effectively ensuring the safety and continuity of coal mine drilling operations.

[0053] Reference Figures 3-6 As shown, the pneumatic column drilling rig 1 of this invention has a column body 11, and a base 110 is integrally provided at the bottom end of the column body 11. The base 110 adopts a multi-leg support structure, which can increase the contact area with the ground and provide stable support for the equipment. Two sets of operating handles 12 are fixed on both sides of the column body 11 for easy manual gripping. The operating handles 12 are ergonomically designed to facilitate the operator to switch the equipment status. The column body 11 is fixed with moving wheels 19 on its side, and the column body 11 is provided with a retractable fixed column 111. The operating status of the pneumatic column drilling rig 1 can be easily switched through the operating handles 12. When the moving wheels 19 are in contact with the ground, the rolling characteristics of the moving wheels 19 can be used to easily move the equipment and adapt to the transfer needs of different work points in the coal mine. When the base 110 is in contact with the ground, the stable structure of the base 110 can firmly fix the pneumatic column drilling rig 1 in the working position, ensuring that the equipment does not shake during drilling operations and meeting the usage requirements under different working conditions.

[0054] In this invention, the pneumatic column drilling rig 1 includes a moving unit, which includes a rack 13 fixed to the surface of a fixed column 111. A transmission box 14 is slidably sleeved on the column body 11 and the fixed column 111. A worm gear 17 is provided inside the transmission box 14 via a bearing. A worm 16 meshes with the worm gear 17 and is connected to the inner side of the transmission box 14 through a bearing. One end of the worm 16 is fixed to a turntable 18. A gear 112 is coaxially provided with the worm gear 17 and meshes with the rack 13. By rotating the turntable 18, the worm 16, the worm gear 17, and the gear 112 are driven to rotate, causing the transmission box 14 to move up and down along the fixed column 111.

[0055] In this invention, the rotating unit is mainly used to flexibly adjust the working angle of the drill holding assembly 2, so that the drill rod 231 can adapt to the drilling needs of different orientations such as horizontal and inclined holes in coal mines, thereby improving the adaptability of the equipment. A preferred rotating unit includes a fan-shaped adjusting frame 116 fixed to the side of the transmission box 14; a horizontally positioned support rod 117 is fixed at the center of the adjusting frame 116, and a support frame 113 is rotatably sleeved on the support rod 117. The top of the support frame 113 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixed frame 21, allowing the drill holding assembly 2 to be adjusted in angle around the support rod 117; one end of the support rod 117 is threadedly connected to a locking element 114 (preferably a wing nut or locking knob). When the drill holding assembly 2 is adjusted to the target working angle, the locking element 114 is tightened to make it fit tightly against the side of the support frame 113, locking the rotational freedom of the support frame 113 through friction, thereby achieving precise adjustment and stable fixation of the drill holding assembly 2 at multiple angles, ensuring that the angle does not deviate during drilling.

[0056] Working Principle: Before operation, the equipment needs to be adapted and debugged. It relies on the movement and adjustment functions of the pneumatic column drilling rig 1 to achieve operational positioning. The operator switches the equipment state by holding the ergonomic operating handle 12: when the moving wheels 19 are in contact with the ground, the equipment can be easily transported to the coal mine work area; after reaching the target position, it switches to the ground-based state of the base 110. Then, the operating angle of the drill holding assembly 2 is adjusted by rotating the unit: loosening the locking piece 114 on the support rod 117 pushes the support frame 113 to rotate around the support rod 117, driving the fixed frame 21 and drill rod 231 to adjust to the target positions such as horizontal or inclined. Tightening the locking piece 114 locks the angle through friction. Simultaneously, rotating the turntable 18 of the moving unit drives the gear 112 and rack 13 through the reduction transmission of the worm gear 16 and worm wheel 17, causing the transmission box 14 to move up and down along the fixed column 111, adjusting the vertical operating height of the drill rod 231, ultimately completing the three-dimensional adaptation of the drilling position, angle, and height.

[0057] After drilling begins, the drill holding assembly 2, transmission assembly 3, and cleaning assembly 4 form a closed-loop linkage, enabling simultaneous drilling and impurity cleaning. The operator starts the pneumatic motor of the feed device 23 via the control handle 24. Air is supplied to the motor through the pneumatic pipeline 25. Gear 28 at the output end of the reduction gearbox precisely meshes with rack 27, driving the sliding seat 26 to move smoothly along two sets of parallel guide rods 22, thus rotating the drill rod 231 to complete the drilling. During this process, the fixed rack 36 on the bottom surface of the feed device 23 simultaneously meshes with the transmission gear 351 of the transmission assembly 3, driving the support shaft 32 to rotate around the bracket 31. The driven bevel gears 33 at both ends of the support shaft 32 respectively link the driving bevel gear 35 and the bevel gear 44 of the transmission unit. Through the meshing of the worm gear 43 and worm wheel 41, the funnel-shaped sealing cover 45 and the cleaning ring 451 of the cleaning assembly 4 rotate synchronously. The cleaning ring 451 fits tightly against the surface of the drill rod 231, scraping away the coal slag and rock chips adhering to it during the drilling process. The trumpet-shaped baffle 46 blocks impurities from splashing. The scraper 1 48 and scraper 2 49 clean the residual impurities on the surface of the sealing cover 45 and the inner wall of the baffle 46, respectively, to achieve multi-stage cleaning and centralized collection of impurities, thus avoiding affecting the operating accuracy of the drill rod 231.

[0058] Simultaneously, the detection component 5 relies on the transmission linkage and elastic detection structure to achieve damage identification. The transmission component 3 synchronously drives the worm gear 54 of the detection component 5 to rotate through the bevel gear meshing relationship. The worm gear 54 meshes with the worm wheel 54, driving the mounting cover 55 and the internal mounting ring 512 to rotate slowly in the direction of the drill rod 231's movement, ensuring that multiple detection units fully cover the circumferential surface of the drill rod 231. Under the continuous squeezing force of the spring 510, the free end of the detection rod 59 of the detection unit always elastically adheres to the surface of the drill rod 231: if the surface of the drill rod 231 is smooth and undamaged, the detection rod 59 maintains its initial position, and the distance between the pressing part 511 and the contact sensor remains unchanged; if there is wear, dents, or cracks, the detection rod 59 at the corresponding position loses its support force and moves downward under the elastic force of the spring 510, causing the pressing part 511 to trigger the contact sensor. The damage electrical signal generated by the sensor is transmitted to the control system, which immediately triggers the audible and visual alarm device. The warning light flashes and the buzzer sounds to remind the operator to stop the machine for inspection, so as to prevent the damaged drill rod 231 from continuing to work and causing safety hazards such as breakage and stuck drill, thus ensuring the continuity of operation and the safety of the equipment.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] The present invention relates to a coal mine drilling method that integrates drilling, cleaning, and inspection operations through the positioning and adjustment function of a pneumatic column drilling rig, the drilling drive function of the drill holding assembly, and the power linkage function of the transmission assembly, in coordination with the cleaning and inspection components. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0061] S1: Equipment transfer and operation positioning.

[0062] The operator switches the state using the ergonomic operating handle 12 of the pneumatic column drilling machine 1, uses the moving wheels 19 to transfer the equipment to the target drilling area, and then switches to the multi-leg support base 110 to ensure that the equipment is stable and fixed, and to prevent the drilling from shaking.

[0063] S2: Three-dimensional parameter adaptation and adjustment.

[0064] Height adjustment: Rotate the turntable 18, which is driven by the worm gear 16 and worm wheel 17 to drive the gear 112 to mesh with the rack 13, so that the transmission box 14 drives the drill holding assembly 2 to rise and fall, and precisely adjust the vertical height of the drill rod 231.

[0065] Angle adjustment: Loosen the butterfly locking piece 114, push the support frame 113 to rotate around the support rod 117 to adjust the working position of the drill rod 231, and tighten the locking piece 114 to lock the angle;

[0066] Final calibration: Fine-tune the height and angle to ensure that drill rod 231 is aligned with the borehole target point, and complete the three-dimensional adaptation.

[0067] S3: Drilling operation and synchronous cleaning start.

[0068] The pneumatic motor of the feed device 23 is started and powered through the pneumatic pipeline 25. The gear 28 and rack 27 mesh to drive the sliding seat 26 to rotate the drill rod 231 and feed it into the borehole. During the feeding process, the fixed rack 36 meshes with the transmission gear 351 and is driven by the support shaft 32, bevel gear 44, worm gear 43, etc., to drive the cleaning ring 451 to rotate and scrape the coal slag and rock chips on the surface of the drill rod 231. The baffle 46 blocks splashes, and the scraper 48 and scraper 49 clean up residual impurities, realizing multi-stage centralized collection.

[0069] S4: Synchronous detection of drill pipe damage.

[0070] During drilling or rod retraction, bevel gear 3 52 and bevel gear 4 53 on support shaft 32 mesh, driving worm gear 3 54 and worm wheel 3 to rotate mounting ring 512. Multiple sets of detection rods 59 adhere to the surface of drill rod 231 under the action of spring 510. If there is wear, dents or other damage, the detection rod 59 moves down to trigger the contact sensor, and the electrical signal is transmitted to the control system, triggering an audible and visual alarm and displaying the location of the damage.

[0071] S5: Operation termination and follow-up processing.

[0072] After drilling reaches the target, control the feed device 23 to retreat. During the retraction, clean the components and check the components. If no alarm is triggered, transfer the equipment to the next work point. If an alarm is triggered, stop the machine for maintenance or replace the drill rod 231. After all operations are completed, clean the equipment of any remaining impurities and transfer it to the storage area.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mining drilling device, characterized in that: The system includes a pneumatic column drilling rig (1), on which a drill holding assembly (2) is calibrated via a rotating unit; the drill holding assembly (2) includes a fixed frame (21) and a drill rod (231) driven by a feed device (23); a transmission assembly (3) is mounted on the fixed frame (21), and a cleaning assembly (4) and a detection assembly (5) are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the drill rod (231); the drill holding assembly (2) synchronously links the cleaning assembly (4) and the detection assembly (5) through the transmission assembly (3) to achieve automatic cleaning and wear detection of the surface of the drill rod (231); The cleaning assembly (4) includes a scraping unit driven by a transmission unit. The scraping unit includes a second worm gear (41), which is mounted in a support base (210) via a bearing and coaxially sleeved on the drill rod (231). The inner ring of the second worm gear (41) is provided with a floating bearing for supporting the drill rod (231). A funnel-shaped sealing cover (45) is provided on the side of the second worm gear (41). The sealing cover (45) is embedded in the side of the support base (210), and one end of it is threadedly connected to a cleaning ring (451). The surface of the cleaning ring (451) is adapted to... The funnel-shaped sealing cover (45) has an arc design; a horn-shaped baffle (46) is fitted on the sealing cover (45) to limit and block the impurities generated by the cleaning ring (451) scraping the surface of the drill rod (231); a vertically set mounting bracket (47) is fixed on the baffle (46), and an inclined scraper (48) is fixed at one end of the mounting bracket (47), which is set in contact with the surface of the sealing cover (45); an inclined scraper (49) is set outward on the surface of the sealing cover (45), which is set in contact with the inner wall of the baffle (46); The transmission unit includes two sets of brackets (42) symmetrically arranged along the support base (210). The two sets of brackets (42) are fixed on the fixed frame (21). A worm gear (43) is provided between the two sets of brackets (42) through a bearing. The worm gear (43) meshes with the worm wheel (41). One end of the worm gear (43) is fixed with a bevel gear (44). The transmission assembly (3) includes two sets of brackets (31) spaced apart on the fixed frame (21), and a support shaft (32) parallel to the fixed frame (21) is provided between the two sets of brackets (31) via bearings; both ends of the support shaft (32) are fixed with driven bevel gears (33), one set of driven bevel gears (33) meshes with a driving bevel gear (35), and the driving bevel gear (35) is supported by a right-angle bracket (34) bearing; the other set of driven bevel gears (33) meshes with bevel gear (44); the driving bevel gear (35) is coaxially provided with a transmission gear (351), and the transmission gear (351) meshes with a fixed rack (36), and the fixed rack (36) is fixed to the bottom surface of the feed device (23); The detection component (5) includes two sets of brackets (57), which are symmetrically arranged along the support base (211). A worm gear (54) is connected between the two sets of brackets (57) through a bearing. One end of the worm gear (54) is fixed with a bevel gear (53). A bevel gear (52) meshes with the bevel gear (53). The bevel gear (52) is fixed on the support shaft (32). A worm wheel (3) meshes with the worm gear (54). The worm wheel (3) is set in the support base (211) through a bearing. A floating bearing (56) supporting the drill rod (231) is set in the worm wheel (3). A mounting cover (55) is fixed on the side of the worm wheel (3). A hollow mounting ring (512) is fixed in the mounting cover (55). Multiple detection units for detecting surface damage of the drill rod (231) are equidistantly arranged on the mounting ring (512).

2. The coal mining drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill holding assembly (2) includes two sets of parallel guide rods (22), which are fixedly installed on the fixed frame (21). Sliding seats (26) are slidably connected to the two sets of guide rods (22). The feed device (23) is fixedly assembled on the sliding seat (26) and includes a pneumatic motor, a gearbox and two sets of control handles (24). The feed device (23) is connected to the air source through a pneumatic pipeline (25).

3. The coal mining drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the gearbox is fixedly provided with a second gear (28), which meshes with a second rack (27) fixed on the fixed frame (21) to drive the sliding seat (26) to move smoothly along the guide rod (22); one end of the drill rod (231) is fixedly connected to the power output end of the feed device (23), and a support seat first (210) and a support seat second (211) are movably sleeved on the drill rod (231) along the axial direction. The support seat first (210) and the support seat second (211) are both fixedly set on the side of the fixed frame (21) near the cleaning component (4) for guiding and radially supporting the drill rod (231).

4. The coal mining drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit includes a detection rod (59) that is movably connected through the mounting ring (512). One end of the detection rod (59) is fixed with an anti-detachment end (58). A spring (510) is sleeved on the detection rod (59). The two ends of the spring (510) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring (512). The spring (510) exerts a downward squeezing force on the detection rod (59). A pressing element (511) is fixed on the bottom surface of the anti-detachment end (58). A contact sensor is provided at a corresponding position on the surface of the mounting ring (512).

5. The coal mining drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic column drilling rig (1) has a column body (11), and a base (110) is integrally provided at the bottom end of the column body (11) to provide stable support for the equipment; two sets of operating handles (12) are fixed on both sides of the column body (11) for easy manual gripping, and moving wheels (19) are fixed on the side, and a fixed column (111) is provided on the column body (11).

6. The coal mining drilling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a moving unit, which includes a rack (13) fixed to the surface of a fixed column (111). A transmission box (14) is slidably sleeved on the main body (11) and the fixed column (111). A worm gear (17) is provided inside the transmission box (14) through a bearing. A worm (16) meshes with the worm gear (17). The worm (16) is connected to the inner side of the transmission box (14) through a bearing, and a turntable (18) is fixed at one end. A gear (112) is coaxially provided on the worm gear (17). The gear (112) meshes with the rack (13). By rotating the rack, the gear can rotate to rotate the rack. The disc (18) drives the worm gear (16), worm wheel (17) and gear (112) to rotate, causing the transmission box (14) to move up and down along the fixed column (111); the rotating unit includes an adjustment frame (116) fixed in a fan shape on the side of the transmission box (14); a support rod (117) is fixed at the center of the adjustment frame (116), and a support frame (113) is rotatably mounted on the support rod (117), and the support frame (113) is connected to the bottom surface of the fixed frame (21); a locking member (114) is threaded to one end of the support rod (117), and the locking member (114) is adapted to contact the side of the support frame (113).

Images