Bionic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich antiknock plate and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering protection and explosion prevention, and particularly relates to a bionic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich anti-explosion plate and application thereof.The bionic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich anti-explosion plate comprises a face plate, a sandwich layer and a back plate, and the face plate is arranged on the side close to an explosion source; the back plate is arranged on one side far away from an explosion source and is connected with a protected structure; the sandwich layer is located between the face plate and the back plate and fixedly connected with the face plate and the back plate, the sandwich layer is in a tapered pyramid shape, the sandwich layer is formed by stacking multiple layers of annular round pipes, the adjacent annular round pipes are fixedly connected, and the outer diameters of the multiple layers of annular round pipes are gradually reduced in the direction from the back plate side to the face plate side. The sandwich layer with the pyramid outline is arranged between the face plate and the back plate, the explosion load firstly acts on the small-diameter annular round pipe, the annular round pipe is easier to bend and deform, the buffering effect is achieved, and the peak impact force transmitted to the lower annular round pipe and the back plate is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of engineering protection and explosion-proof, and particularly relates to a bionic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich blast-resistant plate and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] The explosion load has the characteristics of rapid rise, high peak, short duration, and large energy density, which can easily cause serious damage to structural members. In order to reduce the damage of the structure under the action of the explosion load, an anti-blast plate can be installed on the blast-facing surface of the structure to reduce the shock wave, absorb the explosion energy, and reduce the response of the main structure behind. The existing anti-blast plate forms mainly include: 1. Solid steel plate or reinforced concrete plate, such anti-blast plate has high stiffness and bearing capacity, but has large self-weight, is difficult to install, is not conducive to the arrangement and replacement of lightweight blast-proof system, and is prone to brittle failure under strong blast, and has limited energy dissipation capacity. 2. Light-weight sandwich blast-resistant plate such as honeycomb sandwich plate and foam plate, the honeycomb sandwich and foam material can absorb energy through pore damage, and has certain vibration reduction and blast resistance. However, the structure is usually geometrically uniformly arranged, lacks functional gradient design in the thickness direction, and is prone to local instability and overall yield under strong explosion impact, resulting in high peak impact force and excessive acceleration on the back surface, and the potential energy absorption capacity of the material cannot be fully utilized.

[0003] In nature, biological shells such as snail shells and shells have multi-level and multi-scale geometric and functional gradient characteristics, and can reduce local stress concentration through multi-stage transmission and diffusion under external impact; the pyramid-shaped structure has a tapered profile with small top and large bottom, and shows excellent overall stability and load diffusion capacity. These natural prototypes provide important inspiration for the lightweight and efficient energy absorption design of the blast-resistant plate. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a bionic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich blast-resistant plate and application to solve the problems of existing blast-resistant plates, such as large self-weight, high geometric and stiffness uniformity, large peak impact force under explosion, limited energy absorption efficiency, and large back surface acceleration. A pyramid-shaped sandwich layer composed of multiple layers of tapered annular circular tubes is introduced between the face plate and the back plate to realize multi-stage dissipation of explosion energy and load diffusion, thereby significantly reducing the peak impact force and back plate response, improving the specific energy absorption, and achieving lightweight.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: The application discloses a biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich blast-resistant plate, which comprises a panel, a sandwich layer and a back plate, the panel is arranged on the side close to an explosion source and is used for bearing an initial explosion shock wave and uniformly transmitting the load to the sandwich layer, the back plate is arranged on the side away from the explosion source and is connected with a protected structure, the sandwich layer is arranged between the panel and the back plate and is fixedly connected with the panel and the back plate, the sandwich layer is in a tapered pyramid shape, the sandwich layer is composed of a plurality of layers of annular circular tubes arranged in a stacking mode, the adjacent annular circular tubes are fixedly connected, and the outer diameters of the plurality of layers of annular circular tubes gradually decrease from the back plate side to the panel side.

[0006] Further, the annular circular tube is a thin-walled hollow circular tube, and the axis of the annular circular tube is parallel to the panel and the back plate.

[0007] Further, the annular circular tube close to the back plate is a first layer of annular circular tubes, and the outer diameter of the first layer of annular circular tubes is D1, the outer diameter Di of the i-th layer of annular circular tubes is Di=D1 x k i-1 ; wherein k is the outer diameter gradient ratio between adjacent layers of annular circular tubes, k is 0.6-0.9, i is the number of layers of circular tubes, i is 2-5, and the predetermined design of the blast-resistant plate stiffness distribution and energy absorption capacity is realized by adjusting k and i.

[0008] Further, the pipe layer heights of the annular circular tubes in each layer are the same or change in a gradient mode, and the pipe layer heights change in a gradient mode, i.e., the pipe layer heights gradually decrease from the back plate side to the panel side.

[0009] Further, the wall thicknesses of the annular circular tubes in each layer are the same or change in a gradient mode, and the wall thicknesses of the annular circular tubes change in a gradient mode, i.e., the wall thicknesses of the annular circular tubes gradually decrease from the back plate side to the panel side.

[0010] Further, the panel and the back plate are made of a steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate or a fiber-reinforced composite material plate.

[0011] Further, the sandwich layer is fixedly provided with connecting plates at both ends, and the connecting plates are fixedly connected with the panel and the back plate in a welding or bolt connection mode.

[0012] Further, mounting grooves corresponding to the sandwich layer are formed in the panel and the back plate, and the sandwich layer is welded in the mounting grooves.

[0013] The application further discloses an application of the biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich blast-resistant plate, which is applied to a building outer wall blast-resistant system and is arranged on the side close to an explosion source of a building outer wall or an inner wall.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages: 1) Peak impact force is significantly reduced: By arranging the core layer in the form of a pyramid profile between the faceplate and the backplate, the explosive load first acts on a small-diameter annular pipe, which is more prone to buckling deformation and acts as a buffer, reducing the peak impact force transmitted to the lower annular pipe and the backplate; 2) Energy absorption efficiency and specific energy absorption are improved: In the present invention, the pipe layers of the annular pipe have the same height or vary in a gradient, and the wall thickness of each layer of the annular pipe is the same or varies in a gradient, so that the multi-layer annular pipe participates in buckling and plastic folding in turn or simultaneously under the action of explosion impact, forming a multi-stage and progressive energy dissipation process; compared with traditional uniform pyramid core sandwich panels or equal-diameter pipe core sandwich panels, the present invention can make full use of the materials in the entire thickness direction of the panel, achieve higher total energy absorption and specific energy absorption; 3) Back structure response is reduced: The tapered pyramid geometry makes the impact load gradually spread from the inside of the core layer to larger cross-sectional areas, which is beneficial to reduce the acceleration peak and displacement response of the backplate and the protected structure, and improve the overall protection effect; 4) Better overall stability: The anti-instability capacity is stronger, and the pyramid profile with wide bottom and narrow top helps to improve the overall stability and load diffusion capacity of the core layer, reduce the risk of rapid evolution from local instability to overall yielding under strong impact, and thus maintain better anti-impact bearing path and structural integrity under strong explosion; 5) Clear bionic basis and strong engineering realizability: The present invention combines the multi-layer gradient characteristics of snail shells and other biological shells with the pyramid cone geometric characteristics, and the mechanism is clear; at the same time, the annular pipe, faceplate and other components are common engineering components, which can be realized by conventional metal processing, welding and assembly process, and the manufacturing and popularization difficulty is low; 6) Gradient parameters can be designed: The present invention can be optimized according to the protection target "customization", and by adjusting the number of pipe layers and the gradient ratio of the outer diameter of adjacent layers, the stiffness distribution and energy absorption capacity can be designed as required; and the pipe height can be consistent or vary in a gradient along the thickness direction, and the wall thickness can be constant or vary in a gradient according to the gradient rule, so as to further regulate the buckling starting order and plastic energy consumption ratio of each layer, and facilitate matching optimization for different explosion intensities and different allowable backplate response indicators; 7) Failure mode is controllable: The small-diameter or thinner-walled annular pipe near the explosion source can preferentially buckle and fold, acting as a buffer; the lower large-diameter or thicker-walled annular pipe then gradually participates in stress and provides support, which is beneficial to form a predictable progressive deformation and energy dissipation path, and improve the controllability of the protection process; 8) Flexible connection method: It is convenient to connect with engineering structure, the pipe layer can be fixed with the faceplate and the backplate by end plate welding / bolt connection, direct welding at the end, or welding after inserting into the mounting groove, etc., which is convenient for selecting the connection process according to the construction conditions and maintenance requirements, and improves the site adaptability; 9) The lightweight and modular design offers significant advantages and makes maintenance more convenient. The thin-walled hollow annular tube is used as the core of the sandwich layer, which reduces the weight while ensuring explosion-proof performance. The explosion-proof plate can be made into standardized modules, which can be quickly installed and replaced by bolts or welding, which is conducive to rapid project layout and subsequent maintenance and iteration. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the sandwich layer of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the annular tube of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the annular tube of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the present invention; In the diagram, panel 1, back panel 2, sandwich layer 3, supporting steel frame 4, and wall 5 are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below through embodiments.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a biomimetic tapered cylindrical pyramid sandwich blast-resistant panel includes a face panel 1, a core layer 3, and a back plate 2. The face panel 1 is positioned near the blast source to withstand the initial blast shock wave and uniformly transfer the load to the core layer 3. The back plate 2 is positioned away from the blast source and connected to the protected structure. The core layer 3 is located between the face panel 1 and the back plate 2 and is fixedly connected to both. The core layer 3 is tapered pyramid-shaped and is composed of multiple stacked annular cylindrical tubes. Adjacent annular cylindrical tubes are fixedly connected. The outer diameter of the multiple annular cylindrical tubes gradually decreases from the back plate 2 side to the face panel 1 side. The annular cylindrical tubes are thin-walled hollow cylindrical tubes, and their axes are parallel to the face panel 1 and the back plate 2. The annular cylindrical tubes closest to the back plate 2 are the first layer of annular cylindrical tubes, and the outer diameter of the first layer of annular cylindrical tubes is D1. The outer diameter Di of the i-th layer of annular cylindrical tubes is Di = D1 × k. i-1 Wherein, k is the outer diameter gradient ratio between adjacent layers of annular tubes, k takes a value of 0.6~0.9, and i is the number of tube layers, i takes a value of 2~5. By adjusting k and i, the predetermined design of the stiffness distribution and energy absorption capacity of the explosion-proof plate can be achieved. The tube height of each layer of annular tubes is the same or varies with a gradient. The tube height varies with a gradient as the tube height gradually decreases from the back plate side to the panel side. The wall thickness of each layer of annular tubes is the same or varies with a gradient. The wall thickness varies with a gradient as the wall thickness of the annular tubes gradually decreases from the back plate side to the panel side.

[0018] The panel 1 and the back panel 2 are made of steel plate, aluminum alloy plate or fiber reinforced composite material plate.

[0019] like Figure 6 As shown, a biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof panel is applied to the explosion-proof system of building exterior walls and is placed on the side of the building exterior or interior wall close to the explosion source.

[0020] In the above embodiments, connecting plates are fixedly provided at both ends of the sandwich layer 3, and the connecting plates are fixedly connected to the panel 1 and the back plate 2 by welding or bolting.

[0021] In the above embodiments, mounting grooves corresponding to the sandwich layer 3 are provided on both the panel 1 and the back plate 2, and the sandwich layer 3 is welded into the mounting grooves.

[0022] The foregoing has shown and described the main features and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0023] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof plate, characterized in that: The structure includes a panel (1), a core layer (3), and a back plate (2). The panel (1) is located on the side closest to the explosion source and is used to withstand the initial explosion shock wave and uniformly transfer the load to the core layer (3). The back plate (2) is located on the side away from the explosion source and is connected to the protected structure. The core layer (3) is located between the panel (1) and the back plate (2) and is fixedly connected to the panel (1) and the back plate (2). The core layer (3) is a tapered pyramid shape and is composed of multiple layers of stacked annular tubes. Adjacent annular tubes are fixedly connected, and the outer diameter of the multiple annular tubes gradually decreases from the back plate (2) side to the panel (1) side.

2. The biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular tube is a thin-walled hollow tube, and the axis of the annular tube is parallel to the panel (1) and the back plate (2).

3. The biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular tube near the back plate (2) is the first layer of annular tubes, and the outer diameter of the first layer of annular tubes is D1. The outer diameter of the i-th layer of annular tubes is Di = D1 × k. i-1 Where k is the outer diameter gradient ratio between adjacent annular tube layers, k takes a value of 0.6 to 0.9, and i is the number of tube layers, i takes a value of 2 to 5.

4. The biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of each layer of the annular tube is the same or varies in a gradient. The tube height varies in a gradient from the back plate side to the front plate side, where the tube height gradually decreases.

5. The biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall thickness of the annular tubes in each layer is the same or varies in a gradient. The wall thickness of the annular tubes varies in a gradient, with the wall thickness gradually decreasing from the back plate side to the front plate side.

6. The biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel (1) and back panel (2) are made of steel plate, aluminum alloy plate or fiber reinforced composite material plate.

7. The biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the sandwich layer (3) are fixedly provided with connecting plates, which are fixedly connected to the front panel (1) and the back panel (2) by welding or bolting.

8. The biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mounting grooves corresponding to the core layer (3) are provided on both the panel (1) and the back plate (2), and the core layer (3) is welded into the mounting groove.

9. The application of the biomimetic tapered circular tube pyramid sandwich explosion-proof plate according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It is used in building exterior wall explosion-proof systems and is placed on the side of the exterior or interior wall of the building closest to the explosion source.

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