Compensation control method for wavefront distortion of thermal bending surface of vehicle-mounted optical glass

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical element manufacturing, particularly discloses a compensation control method for wavefront distortion of a thermal bending surface of vehicle-mounted optical glass, and aims to solve the problem of wavefront distortion caused by non-uniform stress and thickness change in a thermal bending forming process. Comprising the following steps: performing local pre-deformation treatment in a non-optical function area of optical glass to form a compensation stress source; in the main bending forming stage, the glass is deformed to a preset threshold value, and the forming force is maintained; and stress release triggering operation is executed on the non-optical function area, so that the compensation stress source is controlled to release, additional adjusting force generated by the compensation stress source and main bending forming force act synergistically, accurate adjustment of the curved surface and the thickness of the optical function area is completed, and finally a stable balance locking structure is formed. According to the invention, systematic wavefront distortion is compensated and inhibited, and the product yield and the performance stability in a wide temperature range are improved while curved surface forming and optical performance optimization are synchronously completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical component manufacturing technology and relates to a method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermal bending surface of automotive optical glass. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive optical glass, a key component of modern intelligent vehicles, is widely used in applications such as lidar windows, camera covers for advanced driver assistance systems, and reflectors for head-up display systems. To meet the aerodynamic design and aesthetic requirements of vehicles, this type of optical glass typically needs to be manufactured into aspherical or freeform surfaces with complex curvatures through a hot bending process. However, this thermoforming process inevitably leads to non-uniform stress distribution and thickness variations within the glass. When light passes through, this causes distortion of the ideal wavefront of the light wave, a phenomenon known as wavefront distortion, which directly affects the imaging quality and sensing accuracy of the optical system.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies mainly employ two solutions to address this problem. The first is a post-compensation approach, which involves adding additional corrective lenses to the optical path after the optical glass has been hot-bent, or using complex software algorithms at the signal processing end to correct the image or data, thereby offsetting the effects of wavefront distortion. The second is a process optimization approach, which attempts to suppress wavefront distortion to a minimum by precisely controlling process parameters such as heating temperature, cooling rate, and mold pressure during the hot-bending process, supplemented by online monitoring.

[0004] All of the aforementioned existing technical solutions have significant technical shortcomings. While post-compensation solutions can improve the final result to some extent, they are reactive and cannot eliminate defects in the glass itself at their source. Furthermore, they increase the complexity, weight, size, and number of components in the entire optical system. Process optimization solutions, on the other hand, face inherent contradictions in physical principles and challenges in engineering implementation. The hot bending process itself generates stress to achieve plastic deformation, and attempting to completely eliminate stress during the same process is extremely difficult. This makes the solution highly sensitive to fluctuations in process parameters, typically requiring complex control systems and online monitoring equipment. Consequently, production yield is difficult to guarantee, making it unsuitable for large-scale industrial production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and to achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following technical solution: a compensation and control method for wavefront distortion of thermally bent surface of vehicle-mounted optical glass, comprising: step 1, obtaining the geometric parameters of the target surface and the optical performance index of the optical glass, and generating the target surface parameters and the ideal wavefront parameters.

[0006] Step 2: Based on the target surface parameters, perform local pre-deformation processing in the non-optical functional area of ​​the optical glass to form a compensating stress source inside the optical glass.

[0007] Step 3: Generate phased bending control commands based on the target surface parameters, ideal wavefront parameters, and wavefront correction capability determined by the properties of the compensating stress source.

[0008] Step 4: In the main bending forming stage, according to the phased bending control command, the main bending forming force is applied to the optical functional area of ​​the optical glass to generate the main bending deformation, and the main bending forming force is maintained when the main bending deformation reaches a deformation threshold to trigger the subsequent steps.

[0009] Step 5: While maintaining the main bending forming force, perform stress release triggering operation on the non-optical functional area according to the staged bending control command, so that the compensation stress source is released in a controlled manner.

[0010] Step 6: The additional adjustment force generated by the controlled release works in conjunction with the main bending forming force to enable the optical glass to complete the final curved surface forming and form a balanced locking structure inside it.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention can actively correct the systematic wavefront distortion introduced during the hot bending process by using a pre-set compensation stress source for intrinsic self-compensation during the hot bending process of optical glass. This method helps to improve the initial wavefront quality of the final product itself, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for external correction lenses or complex post-processing image processing algorithms in some application scenarios. This helps to simplify the overall structure of the vehicle optical system, reduce the number of its system components, and improve the quality of the sensor's original signal and the clarity of the image.

[0012] (2) By forming a stable balance locking structure inside the glass, the optical glass after molding has good adaptability to changes in ambient temperature. This structure helps to suppress the increase in wavefront distortion caused by temperature changes in the wide operating temperature range faced by the optical glass in automotive applications, so as to keep its optical performance relatively stable, thereby helping to improve the working reliability of advanced driver assistance systems and autonomous driving systems under different ambient temperatures.

[0013] (3) This invention transforms the complex optical compensation problem into an internalized step that can be designed in the early stages of the process. Through precise control of timing and region, shape manufacturing and optical performance optimization are carried out simultaneously. This method reduces the need for online wavefront real-time monitoring equipment, helps to simplify the production process, improve production efficiency and product yield, and provides technical support for controlling the large-scale, high-quality production of complex curved automotive optical glass. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation steps of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of thermally bent surfaces of automotive optical glass, comprising: Step 1, obtaining the geometric parameters of the target surface and the optical performance indicators of the optical glass, and generating the target surface parameters and the ideal wavefront parameters.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, obtaining the geometric parameters of the target surface and the optical performance indicators of the optical glass, and generating the target surface parameters and ideal wavefront parameters, includes: retrieving the geometric parameters of the target surface containing complete three-dimensional morphological information from the product design database, and obtaining the optical performance indicators characterizing its inherent physical properties from the material database.

[0019] The geometric parameters of the target surface are imported into the process simulation software for analysis and transformed into structured target surface parameters.

[0020] Based on the compensation target, a zero-value matrix representing the reference plane wave is set as the ideal wavefront parameter for comparison.

[0021] Specifically, when initiating a new batch of production, a process engineer or automated control system will first retrieve two types of core raw data. The first type is the geometric parameters of the target surface retrieved from the product design database. These parameters are a digital design blueprint describing the final three-dimensional form of the automotive optical glass. In this method, this is typically a standard 3D CAD model file containing precise coordinate point clouds, radius of curvature, principal bending direction, and freeform surface equations. The second type is the optical performance indicators of the optical glass. These indicators are a dataset characterizing the inherent physical properties of the selected glass material. This data is crucial for subsequent mechanical and optical simulations and mainly includes the material's photoelastic coefficient, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion, and photothermal coefficient. In this method, these indicators are obtained by consulting official datasheets provided by the glass supplier or by accessing the company's internal material property database.

[0022] After obtaining the above two types of raw data, the system will perform the following generation operations: First, the system imports the geometric parameters of the target surface, i.e., the 3D CAD model file, into the process simulation software for parsing. This transforms the graphical file into a structured intermediate parameter vector that can be directly called by subsequent simulation calculation programs; this vector is the target surface parameter. The target surface parameter is a data set that quantifies a complex 3D shape into a series of mathematical descriptors, serving as the digital foundation for all subsequent hot bending and compensation calculations.

[0023] Simultaneously, the system generates ideal wavefront parameters. These parameters are a theoretical, distortion-free optical wavefront reference used for subsequent evaluation and calculation of actual wavefront distortion. In this method, since the goal of compensation is to eliminate distortion, the ideal wavefront is defined as a reference plane wave. In digital processing, it is typically generated as a two-dimensional data matrix with all elements equal to zero, the size of which matches the analytical resolution of the optical functional area. This zero matrix serves as the "zero point" reference for all subsequent wavefront distortion calculations and compensation design.

[0024] It's important to clarify that the optical functional area refers to the core area on the automotive optical glass that actually performs its optical tasks. This area is the effective part through which light must pass or be reflected to achieve a specific function. For example, in a head-up display (HUD) system, it's the mirrored area that reflects the image into the driver's field of vision; in a camera housing, it's the transparent window directly in front of the camera lens that needs to ensure undistorted light transmission. The non-optical functional area refers to the auxiliary area surrounding or adjacent to the optical functional area.

[0025] For example, consider a production task involving manufacturing a reflector for a head-up display (HUD) system for a specific car model. The process engineer first obtains a CAD file named "HUD_Reflector_Model_v3.step" from the design department. The system analyzes this file to obtain the geometric parameters of the target surface, such as a principal curvature radius of 1800 mm, along with a set of Zernike polynomial coefficients to eliminate specific aberrations. Next, the engineer selects "Corning Gorilla Glass XG" as the glass substrate according to the process sheet. The system then retrieves entry number "CG-007" from its internal material database to obtain detailed optical performance specifications, including photoelasticity and thermodynamic parameters. Subsequently, the system parses the CAD model, generating a target surface parameter file named "TSP_HUD_v3.dat," which contains the coordinates of key points and curvature data for finite element mesh generation. Meanwhile, based on the 1280x720 pixel resolution requirement of the HUD optical functional area, the system generates a two-dimensional floating-point matrix of the same size with all element values ​​of 0.0 in memory as the ideal wavefront parameters for this production task, and stores it in the task configuration file for comparison when calculating the required wavefront compensation amount in subsequent steps.

[0026] Step 2: Based on the target surface parameters, perform local pre-deformation processing in the non-optical functional area of ​​the optical glass to form a compensating stress source inside the optical glass.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, based on the target surface parameters, a local pre-deformation process is performed in the non-optical functional area of ​​the optical glass to form a compensating stress source inside the optical glass. This includes: extracting the main bending direction information and the curvature information of the key area from the target surface parameters, and calculating and generating a pre-bending deformation parameter that is partially opposite to or at a specific angle to the main bending direction.

[0028] Based on the pre-bending deformation parameters, the local energy application device is driven to selectively heat selected parts of the non-optical functional area, so that the selected parts produce physical pre-deformation corresponding to the pre-bending deformation parameters.

[0029] During selective heating, the actual deformation of the selected part is monitored in real time. When the norm of the difference between the actual deformation and the pre-bending deformation parameter is less than the preset convergence threshold, controlled cooling treatment is performed on the selected part to solidify the physical pre-deformation into a compensating stress source.

[0030] Specifically, the engineering implementation method for forming a pre-set compensation stress source in this invention aims to physically transform the calculated virtual compensation model into the internal stress structure of the optical glass blank. The detailed steps are as follows.

[0031] The primary engineering objective of this method is to transform the macroscopic target surface requirements into microscopically executable pre-deformation quantification instructions. This step generates pre-bending deformation parameters through calculation, which serve as the direct basis for subsequent physical operations. The calculation process begins by acquiring the geometric parameters of the target surface, particularly its principal bending direction and curvature information in key regions; this information constitutes an initial parameter vector. Subsequently, the system executes an inverse compensation algorithm, the mathematical expression of which can be simplified to the following formula: ; in, The pre-bending deformation parameter, representing the final output, is a vector field that describes the required pre-deformation displacement or curvature at each point on the non-optical functional region. It is the principal curvature vector extracted from the three-dimensional model of the target surface, which describes the main curvature shape of the optical region of the final product. It is a rotation matrix, and its rotation angle is... Used to twist the main curvature to a reverse direction or a specific angle. The value range is limited to between 90 degrees and 180 degrees. This is a dimensionless compensation gain coefficient used to scale the pre-bending amplitude. The rotation angle and the compensation gain coefficient together constitute the preset stress control strategy. Its specific value is determined based on material properties and compensation targets, through pre-optimization via finite element simulation or by consulting a process database. This database relates different materials, thicknesses, and the final wavefront distortion compensation effect.

[0032] Determine the rotation angle and gain coefficient The technical basis and optimization process are as follows: a) Rotation angle Determination principle: rotation angle The value of depends primarily on the main aberration type derived from the principal bending inherent wavefront distortion decomposition, especially the axial direction of astigmatism. The system first performs Zernike polynomial decomposition on the simulated principal bending inherent wavefront distortion map to identify the aberration term contributing the most. If the main aberration is astigmatism, it has a defined axial angle. The direction in which the pre-deformation is applied should be designed to counteract this astigmatism, therefore the rotation angle... It is usually set to be the same as the astigmatism axis. They are in a reverse or nearly reverse relationship, that is For more complex combined aberrations, The angle represents the angle between the comprehensive compensation vector and the main bending direction. The value range is initially limited to between 90 degrees and 180 degrees, based on physical intuition that the pre-deformation should contain at least one component opposite to the main bending deformation in order to form an effective counter-stress.

[0033] b) Parameter finite element simulation optimization process: obtaining The initial range of values ​​and After the range of experience, for example, The initial range of values ​​is based on In the interval [150°, 210°], The empirical range is [0.05, 0.3]. The system will initiate an automated simulation optimization process. This process aims to minimize the theoretical root mean square (RMS) wavefront distortion of the final product at room temperature. Specifically, the system employs a parameter sweep method. A series of discrete points are selected in the two-dimensional parameter space to perform a complete finite element simulation of the entire process of "pre-deformation-principal bending-stress release-cooling". By comparing the final wavefront RMS value corresponding to each parameter point, the optimal parameter combination that minimizes the RMS value is found. This optimal parameter combination is then used to generate the actual pre-bending deformation parameters. For example, for a case where the principal bending direction is the X-axis and the principal astigmatism axis is 45°, the optimization process may ultimately determine the optimal... It is 220°. It is 0.18.

[0034] The second engineering objective of this method is to accurately reproduce the physical form defined by pre-bending deformation parameters on the glass blank using localized energy. The system controls a localized energy application device, such as a high-precision carbon dioxide laser array controlled by a galvanometer system, to selectively heat selected areas within the non-optical functional region of the optical glass blank based on the pre-bending deformation parameter data. These selected areas are determined by mapping the region with the largest gradient and most severe distortion from the simulated principal bending inherent wavefront distortion spectrum onto the non-optical functional region to achieve the compensation execution position. In engineering terms, this means using a vector field... This is converted into a control sequence for the laser's scanning path, scanning speed, and power modulation. For example, Larger values ​​correspond to higher laser dwell times or power densities, typically ranging from 50 to 200 watts per square centimeter, to bring the glass in that area to a plastic deformation temperature range of approximately 50 to 100 degrees Celsius above its softening point. The laser beam moves in predetermined locations in non-optical functional areas, such as edge reinforcing ribs, causing the glass to undergo physical pre-deformation corresponding to the pre-bending deformation parameters through thermal stress.

[0035] The third engineering objective of this method is to ensure the accuracy of the physical pre-deformation and stabilize it into a permanent internal stress structure, i.e., to compensate for the stress source. During selective heating, a non-contact 3D topography measurement system, such as a structured light scanner or a laser displacement sensor array, synchronously monitors the selected area undergoing deformation, acquiring the actual deformation amount in real time. A closed-loop feedback controller will measure the actual deformation. With the target pre-bending deformation parameters Real-time comparison is performed. The comparison continues until the norm of the difference between the two values ​​is less than a preset convergence threshold. For example, when the deformation target value is reached by one percent, the controller determines that the pre-deformation has been achieved. At this point, the controller immediately issues a command to stop the energy output of the local energy application device and simultaneously activate a local forced air cooling or water cooling module to perform a rapid but controlled cooling program on the area. The cooling rate is generally controlled at 20 to 50 degrees Celsius per minute. This rapid cooling process "freezes" the plastic deformation, forming a stable residual stress field containing high potential energy inside the glass. This is the compensating stress source that can be used in subsequent processing stages.

[0036] Step 3: Generate phased bending control commands based on the target surface parameters, ideal wavefront parameters, and wavefront correction capability determined by the properties of the compensating stress source.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, a phased bending control value is generated based on the target surface parameters, the ideal wavefront parameters, and the wavefront correction capability determined by the properties of the compensating stress source. This includes: acquiring the spatial distribution and intensity characteristics of the compensating stress source, and calling a material mechanics model to predict the wavefront correction amount that the compensating stress source will generate when it is released in a controlled manner.

[0038] The inherent wavefront distortion of the main curvature is generated by simulation based on the target surface parameters. The inherent wavefront distortion of the main curvature is then compared with the ideal wavefront parameters to calculate the required wavefront compensation.

[0039] Using the deviation between the wavefront correction amount and the required wavefront compensation amount as the optimization target, the timing and intensity parameters of the pre-bending deformation parameters and stress release triggering operation are iteratively adjusted. When the deviation is less than the preset convergence threshold, a phased bending control command containing the deformation threshold and specific parameters of the stress release triggering operation is generated.

[0040] Specifically, the engineering implementation method for formulating phased bending control commands in this invention aims to accurately digitally correlate and optimize the physical stress source generated in the preceding steps with the subsequent process actions. The detailed steps are as follows.

[0041] The primary engineering objective of this method is to digitally predict the precise optical correction effect produced when a stress-compensating source is activated. The system obtains the spatial distribution and intensity characteristics of the stress-compensating source from the simulation prediction results of previous steps; this information is typically stored in the form of a three-dimensional stress tensor field. Subsequently, a finite element method-based materials mechanics model is invoked. This model is constructed by establishing a set of thermo-mechanical-optical coupled physical equations and discretizing the glass geometry into a mesh. By simulating stress release triggering operations within this model, such as applying a local, transient virtual heat source, the minute changes in the refractive index and thickness within the glass caused by stress release are calculated. This change is ultimately integrated to predict and generate a two-dimensional optical phase map, which is the wavefront correction. Its core calculation can be expressed by the following formula: ; in, It is the predicted wavefront correction, which is essentially a two-dimensional data matrix describing the difference in optical paths. It is the spatial distribution and intensity characteristics of the compensating stress source. This represents a set of material property parameters retrieved from the database, including Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and photoelastic coefficient. It is a vector of process parameters to be optimized, which includes specific parameters of the stress release triggering operation, such as the power curve and duration of local heating. This represents the pre-configured finite element analysis process that performs this virtual simulation calculation.

[0042] The second engineering objective of this method is to quantify the total wavefront distortion that needs to be compensated for by the main bending process itself. The system runs another independent set of process simulations. Based on the target surface parameters, it simulates the thermodynamic behavior and stress distribution of the glass preform during the main bending process without considering any compensation measures. The calculation process is as follows: After the simulation, the system extracts the final thickness distribution of the optical functional area. and the internal three-dimensional residual stress tensor field Principal bending inherent wavefront distortion The optical path difference is contributed by two parts: one is the change in geometric optical path caused by thickness inhomogeneity, and the other is the change in material refractive index caused by residual stress through the photoelastic effect. Its calculation formula is: ,in The optical path difference at the (x,y) position of the optical functional area is introduced solely by the main bending forming process itself without any compensation measures. The thickness of the glass after forming at the optical functional area (x, y) is... With initial uniform thickness The difference. This refers to the standard refractive index of optical glass materials when they are not under stress. , The physical constants used to characterize the linear relationship between the material's refractive index change and the principal stress were obtained from the material datasheets provided by the glass supplier. and At the optical functional region (x, y, z), in the plane along the direction of light propagation, we assume two mutually perpendicular normal stress components along the z-axis. Through finite element simulation of the hot bending and cooling process, we extract the three-dimensional residual stress tensor field inside the glass and decompose it to obtain the desired result.

[0043] The calculated inherent wavefront distortion of the principal bend is subtracted from the ideal wavefront parameters; the difference is the required wavefront compensation. This process can be expressed by the following formula: ; in, It is the calculated required wavefront compensation amount. These are ideal wavefront parameters, typically a zero matrix, representing an undistorted plane wave. The inherent wavefront distortion of the main bending is calculated through simulation, which originates from the non-uniform stress and thickness variation introduced by the main bending process itself.

[0044] The third engineering objective of this method is to find a set of process parameters that best match the predicted correction effect with the actual required compensation amount through iterative optimization, and to solidify these parameters into executable machine instructions. The system initiates a numerical optimization loop that employs a gradient-based optimization algorithm, the objective function of which is to minimize the wavefront correction amount. With the required wavefront compensation The root mean square error across the entire optical functional area The specific implementation steps of this optimization loop are as follows: First, set an initial process parameter vector that includes the pre-bending deformation parameters and the process parameter vector to be optimized. Secondly, in the m-th iteration, by adjusting the parameter vector... Apply a small perturbation and re-execute The error function is calculated using numerical methods, such as the finite difference method. Regarding parameter vectors gradient Then, update the parameter vector according to the gradient descent method: ,in The learning rate is set to control the update magnitude in each iteration. Its value is determined empirically or experimentally based on the error convergence rate to ensure a stable and efficient optimization process. Finally, this process is repeated until the root mean square error is reached. The value is less than the preset convergence threshold. When optimization terminates, the obtained optimal process parameter vector, together with the deformation threshold determined in the main bending simulation, is encapsulated to form the final output staged bending control command.

[0045] Step 4: In the main bending forming stage, according to the phased bending control command, the main bending forming force is applied to the optical functional area of ​​the optical glass to generate the main bending deformation, and the main bending forming force is maintained when the main bending deformation reaches a deformation threshold to trigger the subsequent steps.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, when the bending deformation of the main body reaches a deformation threshold that triggers subsequent steps, the main bending forming force is maintained, including: using a non-contact three-dimensional surface shape measurement system to monitor the deformation process of the optical functional area in real time to obtain its real-time three-dimensional surface shape data.

[0047] The real-time three-dimensional surface data is continuously compared with the deformation threshold defined in the staged bending control command. When the deviation between the real-time three-dimensional surface data and the deformation threshold is less than the preset trigger tolerance, it is determined that the main body bending deformation has reached the deformation threshold, and the main bending forming force is controlled to remain constant.

[0048] Specifically, the engineering implementation method for performing and maintaining the main bending deformation during the main bending forming stage aims to apply a precise and controllable main bending forming force to the optical glass in a thermoplastic state according to preset control commands. The input to this step is the staged bending control command generated in the previous stage, and the optical glass that has been uniformly heated to the forming temperature, typically between 650 and 720 degrees Celsius. The system drives a precision forming mold controlled by a high-precision servo motor or hydraulic cylinder, the mold's profile corresponding to the reverse mold of the target surface. Based on the force loading curve in the staged bending control command, the controller applies the main bending forming force to the optical functional areas of the optical glass at a set rate, for example, in increments of 20 to 100 Newtons per second, gradually conforming it to the surface of the forming mold, thereby generating the main bending deformation.

[0049] The subsequent engineering objective is to monitor the glass deformation process in real time and precisely lock it into a critical geometric state, creating stable physical conditions for subsequent stress release steps. Throughout the application of the main bending forming force, a non-contact 3D surface shape measurement system integrated into the forming equipment, such as a laser line scanner or structured light projector, continuously acquires real-time 3D surface shape data of the optical functional areas at a frequency of at least 50 Hz. This includes the radius of curvature, surface normal vector, and surface gradient. The controller will process the real-time 3D surface data. Deformation thresholds stored in the phased bending control commands Continuous comparison is performed. Deformation threshold. This is a complete 3D surface shape data of the target, representing an intermediate state where the main curvature is approximately 95% to 99% complete. The technical criteria and methods for accurately selecting the specific deformation threshold within this range are as follows: a) Technical criteria: The selection of the deformation threshold is a trade-off process, mainly based on the strength of the compensating stress source, the viscoelasticity of the glass at the forming temperature, and the required wavefront correction.

[0050] If the required correction is large or the stress source for compensation is weak, a smaller deformation threshold, such as 95%-97%, is preferred. This allows stress release to occur when the glass still has considerable room for plastic deformation, and the additional adjustment force can act on a relatively soft substrate, resulting in a more significant macroscopic shape adjustment.

[0051] If the required correction is for fine-tuning or to compensate for a strong stress source, a larger deformation threshold, such as 97%-99%, is preferred. At this point, the glass is very close to its final shape, and stress release is mainly used for fine-tuning local curvature to avoid introducing new and unintended deformations into the soft substrate due to excessive adjustment force.

[0052] b) Simulation Determination Method: The specific deformation threshold is also determined through the aforementioned simulation optimization process. In the optimization loop aimed at minimizing the final wavefront RMS value, the moment of triggering stress release or the corresponding degree of deformation is itself a key parameter to be optimized. The simulation system simulates triggering stress release at different completion levels of the main bending, such as 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, and 99%, and calculates the wavefront mass of the final product under each condition. Ultimately, the deformation completion level that produces the minimum wavefront distortion RMS value, and its corresponding three-dimensional surface data, are determined as the optimal deformation threshold and written into the staged bending control command.

[0053] The condition that triggers subsequent steps is determined by a deviation function. determination: ; In the formula, It is a matrix of three-dimensional surface shape data measured in real time. It is the surface data matrix with the preset deformation threshold in the instruction. This is a weighted filtering matrix whose function is to assign higher weights to specific deformation patterns related to key aberrations when calculating biases. Its coefficient distribution is designed to be highly correlated with the main aberration patterns to be compensated, achieving a "matched filtering" effect and thus enhancing the system's sensitivity to biases in these key aberration components. For example, if spherical aberration is to be compensated first, corresponding to the Zernike polynomial Z(4,0), the spatial distribution of the coefficients in the weighted matrix will be designed to match the shape of Z(4,0), that is, assigning larger weight coefficients to regions with large absolute values ​​of Z(4,0) and smaller weight coefficients near its zero-crossing points. In this way, even if the overall topographic deviation is not large, if the deviation is mainly reflected in spherical aberration patterns, the bias value after weighting by the weighted matrix will be significantly amplified, thus triggering subsequent control more sensitively. This represents the norm used to calculate the difference between two matrices; the root mean square error is preferred. When the deviation... When the deformation is less than a preset trigger tolerance, such as 10 micrometers, the system determines that the bending deformation of the main body has reached the deformation threshold. At this point, the controller immediately changes its operating mode, stops loading displacement, and enters a force maintenance mode, locking the main bending forming force at a constant value, with its fluctuation range controlled within ±1% of the set value. This stable maintenance state is a prerequisite for performing stress release triggering operations, ensuring that the additional adjustment force is superimposed on a known, static macroscopic deformation.

[0054] Step 5: While maintaining the main bending forming force, perform stress release triggering operation on the non-optical functional area according to the staged bending control command, so that the compensation stress source is released in a controlled manner.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, a stress release triggering operation is performed on the non-optical functional area according to the phased bending control command so that the compensation stress source is released in a controlled manner, including: when the bending deformation of the main body reaches the deformation threshold, activating a micro-area temperature control module corresponding to the location of the compensation stress source.

[0056] Based on the temperature change curve in the phased bending control command, the micro-area temperature control module is driven to perform secondary heating or controlled cooling on the location of the stress compensation source.

[0057] By altering the local material mechanical state at the location of the stress compensation source through secondary heating or controlled cooling, the stress compensation source is triggered to release in a controlled manner.

[0058] Specifically, the engineering implementation method for performing stress release triggering operation in this invention aims to accurately activate the pre-embedded compensation stress source to initiate the internal self-compensation process, and its detailed steps are as follows.

[0059] The primary engineering objective of this method is to precisely capture the optimal trigger point for stress release. In the hot bending forming equipment, an online, non-contact topography measurement system, such as a laser profile scanner, continuously monitors the shape changes of the optical glass blank during the main bending process. This system acquires the three-dimensional coordinates of key points in the glass's optical functional areas in real time and compares them with the target surface parameters to calculate the current main bending deformation. When the value of this main bending deformation reaches the deformation threshold set in the staged bending control command—for example, when the radius of curvature at the glass center point reaches 80% to 95% of the final target radius of curvature—the topography measurement system sends a trigger signal to the central controller. Upon receiving this trigger signal, the central controller immediately activates the micro-area temperature control module, marking the official start of the stress release stage.

[0060] The second engineering objective of this method is to apply precise thermal energy to a specific region where the stress compensation source is located, following a pre-optimized thermal path, to reduce the viscosity of the local material and thus "unlock" the internal stress. The micro-area temperature control module, typically a set of independently addressable infrared heating lamps or microwave radiation sources, has a physical layout corresponding to the selected locations where the stress compensation source was formed in the preceding steps. The central controller retrieves a preset temperature change curve from the staged bending control commands and converts it into power control commands for each heating unit of the micro-area temperature control module. The temperature change curve is obtained through finite element simulation coupled with the glass viscoelastic constitutive equation and stress release dynamics, iteratively calculated with the goal of maximizing the target wavefront correction. Key parameters include the heating rate, peak release temperature, and controlled cooling rate. For example, the curve might require rapidly raising the temperature of a selected area from the current master bending forming temperature, typically between 600 and 700 degrees Celsius, to a slightly higher release temperature within 0.5 to 2 seconds. This release temperature is generally about 20 to 50 degrees Celsius higher than the master bending temperature, followed immediately by power-off or controlled cooling. Its control logic can be expressed by the following formula: ; in, yes The control power applied to the micro-area temperature control module at all times. It is specified in the staged bending control command. The target temperature at any given time, i.e., the value on the temperature change curve. The actual temperature is fed back in real time through miniature thermocouples installed nearby. This represents a PID proportional-integral-derivative controller algorithm used to ensure that the actual temperature can accurately follow the target temperature curve.

[0061] The third engineering objective of this method is to initiate spontaneous fine-tuning of the glass morphology by controlling the release of pre-set stress through precise thermodynamic manipulation. Under secondary heating or controlled cooling, the viscosity of the glass material at selected locations changes drastically. Specifically, during secondary heating, the viscosity of the glass in that region decreases significantly, allowing the internally "frozen" stress to relax rapidly and propagate outwards—a process similar to releasing a compressed spring. Conversely, controlled cooling generates new thermal contraction stress in this region, interacting with the existing compensating stress source and similarly triggering a redistribution of the stress field. Regardless of the method, the result is an alteration of the local material mechanical state at the selected location, causing the previously stable compensating stress source at low temperatures to become unbalanced. This allows the stored elastic energy to be converted into a fine-tuning force on the overall glass morphology in a pre-designed manner. This process signifies the completion of the controlled release of the compensating stress source and lays the physical foundation for the subsequent spontaneous compensation molding.

[0062] Step 6: The additional adjustment force generated by the controlled release works in conjunction with the main bending forming force to enable the optical glass to complete the final curved surface forming and form a balanced locking structure inside it.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the additional adjustment force generated by controlled release works in conjunction with the main bending forming force to enable the optical glass to complete the final curved surface forming and form a balanced locking structure inside it. This includes: generating a stress redistribution field in the non-optical functional area by the controlled release process, and transferring the stress field effect to the optical functional area through the continuity of the material, thereby forming an additional adjustment force.

[0064] The additional adjustment force adjusts the local curvature and thickness distribution of the main body bending deformation maintained by the main bending forming force, so that the overall shape of the optical glass converges to the final target surface.

[0065] During the subsequent overall cooling process, the adjusted shape and the combined internal and external stress fields are solidified, thereby forming a balanced locking structure inside the optical glass.

[0066] Specifically, the engineering implementation method of the present invention for achieving the final curved surface forming in one step aims to clarify how the controlled release of internal stress works in conjunction with the external forming force to jointly drive the glass blank to complete the final shape correction and stabilization. The detailed steps are as follows.

[0067] The primary engineering objective of this method is to effectively transfer the localized deformation generated during the controlled release process to the entire optical functional region. When the compensating stress source is triggered, the material in the non-optical functional region undergoes a small, transient displacement due to stress redistribution. In engineering, this displacement is typically on the order of tens to hundreds of micrometers. Due to the continuous medium properties of the glass material at this high temperature, this displacement propagates from the non-optical functional region to the adjacent optical functional region in the form of shear stress and tensile / compressive stress. This propagation process follows the constitutive relation of the material, transforming the small deformation in the non-optical functional region into a vectorized additional adjustment force at various points within the optical functional region.

[0068] The second engineering objective of this method is to precisely sculpt the optical functional area using an additional adjustment force. This additional adjustment force is superimposed on a constant main bending forming force applied by an external mold. It is noteworthy that the spatial distribution of this additional adjustment force is not uniform, but rather precisely "coded" by the initial design of the compensating stress source. For example, if preliminary simulations predict that the main bending will cause excessive concavity at point A in the optical functional area, the compensating stress source is designed to generate a small, outward thrust at point A upon release. Therefore, this additional adjustment force essentially performs a fine adjustment to the local curvature and thickness distribution of the optical functional area, its function being to counteract the most significant and predictable systematic errors during the main bending process.

[0069] The third engineering objective of this method is to simultaneously solidify the modified morphology and internal stress field, forming a highly stable final product. Under the combined action of the additional adjustment force and the main bending forming force, the overall shape of the optical glass blank rapidly converges and conforms to the target surface parameters within 1 to 3 seconds. At this point, the glass morphology has met the final design requirements. Immediately afterwards, the system enters the preset overall annealing and cooling program. During this cooling process, the macroscopic residual stress field introduced by the main bending and the microscopic adjustment stress field introduced by the controlled release are no longer simply superimposed, but rather coupled and mutually restrained, ultimately forming a stress-self-balancing equilibrium-locked structure at room temperature. The tensile and compressive stresses within this structure cancel each other out, making the overall structure more stable in its response to external forces or temperature changes. Its final stress state can be expressed by the following formula: ; in, It is the stress tensor field of the equilibrium-locked structure that is finally formed at room temperature. It is a second-order symmetric tensor defined at each point within the volume of the finished glass product, containing 6 independent stress components. The residual stress field is introduced by the main bending process and is obtained through independent finite element thermo-mechanical coupling simulation calculation. The input is the target surface geometry, material thermodynamic parameters and standard annealing cooling curve, such as cooling from the glass strain point to room temperature at a rate of 2-5°C / min. It is an adjustment stress field formed by the solidification of the additional adjustment force during the cooling process. The modulation operator represents the overall cooling process, characterizing the effect of viscoelastic relaxation and thermal contraction of glass under a preset annealing cooling curve. and The complex thermodynamic process of interaction and evolution to a final stable state. The formation of this equilibrium-locked structure marks the successful fabrication of a high-quality curved optical glass with internal wavefront compensation capabilities.

[0070] In a further preferred embodiment, prior to performing the local pre-deformation process, the method further includes: performing a microstructural scribing process on the surface of the non-optical functional area of ​​the optical glass to form a stress-guided structure by the following steps: (1) Simulate the thermal bending process of optical glass without compensation measures to obtain the theoretical wavefront distortion spectrum.

[0071] (2) Calculate the spatial gradient of the theoretical wavefront distortion spectrum to identify the region with the largest wavefront distortion gradient and generate the distribution data of the region.

[0072] (3) Based on the distribution data of the region, design the orientation and density of the stress-guided structure, and drive the scribing equipment to perform microstructure scribing processing accordingly; The stress guiding structure is used to guide the stress generated by heat injection to concentrate and directionally distribute along a predetermined pattern defined by its direction and density during the local pre-deformation process, so that the resulting compensating stress source has a predetermined spatial shape.

[0073] In the detailed implementation description, the engineering implementation method of forming a preset stress guiding structure on the optical glass blank in this invention aims to provide precise physical positioning and morphological guidance for the subsequent formation of the stress compensation source through microscopic surface modification. The detailed steps are as follows.

[0074] The primary engineering objective of this method is to transform featureless glass surfaces into "tracks" with specific topological structures that guide stress flow. Before any heat treatment of the glass blank, the system performs a pretreatment step. The core action of this step is to create stress-guiding structures in non-optically functional areas, such as reserved glass edges or reinforcing rib locations. This structure physically manifests as a series of micro-grooves or textured patterns. Mainstream engineering methods to achieve this goal include cold ablation using femtosecond lasers or photoresist combined with hydrofluoric acid chemical etching. For example, when using femtosecond laser scribing, the laser pulse energy is precisely controlled near the material's ablation threshold, with pulse widths typically between 100 and 500 femtoseconds, ensuring a minimal heat-affected zone. This results in clearly defined grooves on the glass surface with depths of 10 to 50 micrometers and widths of 5 to 20 micrometers without inducing cracking.

[0075] The second engineering objective of this method is to enable these microstructures to guide stress concentration during subsequent heat treatment. In the subsequent local pre-deformation stage, when the area containing these stress-guiding structures is selectively heated, these microgrooves or textures act as stress concentration points. From a materials mechanics perspective, the root radius of curvature of the grooves is extremely small; when the material expands due to heat or deforms under stress, the stress at this point is much higher than on a smooth surface. This causes plastic deformation to preferentially occur and accumulate along these pre-defined "trajectories." Therefore, the compensating stress sources do not form randomly and diffusely in smooth areas, but rather are highly concentrated and directionally distributed along the pattern of the stress-guiding structures. This guiding effect ensures that the final compensating stress sources have a spatial morphology highly consistent with the design pattern, improving the controllability and repeatability of their position and intensity. The physical mechanism of this process allows for precise control of the final shape of the stress sources through a pre-defined pattern without the need for complex real-time monitoring.

[0076] In another embodiment, the engineering implementation method for determining the stress-guided structural pattern in this invention aims to transform the abstract optical compensation requirement into a concrete, manufacturable microscopic physical structure, and the detailed steps are as follows.

[0077] The primary engineering objective of this method is to pre-identify and quantify the most severe distortion sources in optical glass under standard hot bending processes through simulation. In this step, the system performs a detailed wavefront distortion simulation analysis. This analysis is essentially a multiphysics coupled finite element simulation, with inputs including a 3D CAD model of the target surface, thermodynamic and optical parameters of the glass material, and a set of standard hot bending process curves. After the simulation, the output is the theoretical wavefront distortion spectrum formed by the optical functional regions without any compensation measures. The key action is that the system performs differential operations on this wavefront spectrum to calculate its spatial gradient, thereby obtaining a vector field describing the severity of wavefront changes. The calculation process can be expressed by the following formula: ; in, It is the calculated wavefront distortion gradient vector field, which indicates the direction and rate of the fastest wavefront change at each point. It is the theoretical wavefront distortion spectrum obtained from simulation. It is the gradient operator. Subsequently, the system traverses this gradient vector field. A gradient threshold is set, for example, the optical path difference changes by several nanometers per millimeter. Any region whose modulus exceeds this threshold is automatically identified and marked as the region with the largest wavefront distortion gradient.

[0078] The second engineering objective of this method is to establish a precise spatial correspondence between the problem area and the solution implementation area. The system performs a mapping operation, geometrically projecting the region with the largest wavefront distortion gradient within the optical functional area, identified in the previous step, to its corresponding position in the non-optical functional area. This mapping is not a simple vertical projection, but is determined based on a material flow trend model of glass during hot bending. For example, the optimal application position for the stress compensation source of the distortion hotspot at the upper edge of the optical functional area may be located slightly lateral to the outer edge of the non-optical functional area. The output of this mapping operation is a target area marked on the non-optical functional area for characterizing the stress-guided structure.

[0079] The third engineering objective of this method is to design detailed geometric parameters of the stress-guided structure based on the specific characteristics of the distortion, ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of compensation. The system designs the orientation and density of the stress-guided structure within the marked target area based on the mapping relationship established in the preceding steps. The core design principle is that the density of the stress-guided structure is proportional to the modulus of the wavefront distortion gradient corresponding to that area; that is, the more severe the distortion, the denser the arrangement of grooves or textures, for example, the density can vary from 5 lines per centimeter to 50 lines per centimeter. Simultaneously, the orientation of the stress-guided structure, i.e., the main extension direction of the grooves, is designed to be approximately perpendicular to the direction of the wavefront distortion gradient vector corresponding to that area. The engineering logic behind this design is that when the subsequently formed compensation stress source is released, the resulting stress wave will mainly propagate along the direction perpendicular to the groove, thus most effectively "smoothing" the steepest wavefront gradient in that direction. After the design is completed, the system generates a digital pattern file containing precise orientation and density information, which can be directly used to drive laser scribing or chemical etching equipment to manufacture a stress-guided structure designed to optimize compensation performance.

[0080] In a further preferred embodiment, after forming the balance locking structure, the method further includes: placing the formed optical glass in a temperature-varying environment and measuring and generating a set of actual wavefront data at different temperature points.

[0081] The actual wavefront data is compared with the predicted wavefront data generated based on the equilibrium locked structure theoretical model to obtain the performance deviation signal.

[0082] Based on the performance deviation signal, the wavefront correction capability used to generate staged bending control commands is corrected and updated.

[0083] Specifically, the engineering implementation method for reverse optimization and updating of process parameters in this invention aims to establish a closed loop from finished product performance feedback to front-end process design, enabling the entire manufacturing system to have the ability to learn and iteratively optimize itself. The detailed steps are as follows.

[0084] The primary engineering objective of this method is to place the formed curved glass in a temperature-changing environment that simulates its actual service conditions for rigorous stability verification testing. In engineering practice, this means placing one or more sampled products into a programmable high and low temperature alternating humidity chamber. The system drives the chamber to cycle multiple times over a wide temperature range of -40°C to +85°C according to preset test specifications, such as the temperature cycling standards defined in AEC-Q100 for automotive electronic components. At critical temperature points in each cycle, such as -40, 0, 25, 50, and 85°C, the system pauses the heating and cooling process and maintains that temperature constant for a period of time, typically 30 to 60 minutes, to ensure that the internal and external temperatures of the glass sample reach complete thermal equilibrium.

[0085] The second engineering objective of this method is to accurately acquire and quantify the actual optical properties of the curved glass at each stable temperature point. A high-precision wavefront detection instrument, such as a Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor or a Fizeau interferometer, is deployed outside the observation window of the test chamber. After each temperature point is stabilized, a collimated laser beam passes through the glass sample, is captured and analyzed by the wavefront detection instrument, and the actual wavefront data at that temperature is measured. This process is repeated at all preset temperature points, ultimately generating a set of temperature-dependent actual wavefront datasets, each dataset being a matrix describing the two-dimensional distribution of the optical path difference.

[0086] The third engineering objective of this method is to leverage the discrepancy between measured data and theoretical predictions to drive the correction of process parameters, thereby achieving continuous optimization of the process model. The system compares the actual wavefront data obtained in the previous step at different temperatures with the predicted wavefront data calculated at the corresponding temperatures using a theoretical model based on a balanced locked structure. This theoretical model comprehensively considers the thermal expansion coefficient and photothermal coefficient of the material, predicting the stress changes of the balanced locked structure at different temperatures and their impact on the wavefront. The comparison result is an error signal. This error signal is input into a reverse optimization update algorithm, the core of which is to adjust the process parameters to minimize this error. This optimization process can be described by the following formula: ; in, It is the updated process parameter vector after optimization. It is the parameter vector used in the current batch of production. It is a learning rate coefficient that controls the step size of each update, and its value is usually between 0.01 and 0.2. It is the total error function that characterizes the difference between the predicted and the actual wavefront data, such as the sum of the root mean square error of the wavefront spectrum at all temperature points. It is the total error vector of process parameters The gradient indicates the direction and magnitude by which each process parameter should be adjusted to reduce error. Process parameter vector. It includes key adjustable parameters throughout the entire process, such as the compensation gain coefficient in the preset stress control strategy. and rotation angle This includes the deformation threshold and release temperature curve in the staged bending control command. Through this step, the system automatically fine-tunes the front-end design and control parameters based on the actual product performance, and updates the parameter vector... The data is stored in a database to guide the production of the next batch, thereby gradually improving the batch consistency and optical performance of the products.

[0087] In a further preferred embodiment, the non-optical functional region is designed as a ring-shaped region surrounding the periphery of the optical functional region or a rib-shaped region extending outward from the edge of the optical functional region.

[0088] Local pre-deformation processing is performed at multiple discrete points or along continuous paths in annular or rib-shaped regions to construct a multi-dimensional compensating stress source for correcting complex aberrations.

[0089] Specifically, the engineering implementation method for constructing a multi-dimensional compensation stress source in this invention aims to generate a non-uniform internal stress field capable of correcting complex wavefront distortions through refined structural design and process execution of non-optical functional areas. The detailed steps are as follows.

[0090] The primary engineering objective of this method is to plan the optimal stress application area based on the type of wavefront distortion to be compensated. The non-optical functional region is designed in two main forms. The first is a ring-shaped region surrounding the optical functional region, resembling a picture frame with a width of 5 to 20 millimeters. This design is mainly used to correct radially symmetrical wavefront distortions, such as spherical aberration. The second is multiple rib-like regions extending radially or tangentially outward from the edge of the optical functional region, resembling spokes extending from a wheel hub. The length, width, and angle of each rib are optimized. This structure is more suitable for correcting asymmetric distortions, such as astigmatism or coma. The design selection is based on the distortion pattern obtained through prior simulation analysis.

[0091] The second engineering objective of this method is to perform local pre-deformation processing within a planned area through precisely spatiotemporally controlled energy injection. This processing is divided into two execution modes: In the multiple discrete point mode, the laser heating head or other energy source applies energy sequentially or simultaneously to multiple pre-calculated key nodes in the annular or rib-shaped region in a "spot-fire" manner, forming isolated stress concentration cores. In the continuous path mode, the energy source continuously scans along a preset vector path, forming linear stress bands. The selection and combination of these two modes depends on the complexity of the stress field to be compensated.

[0092] The third engineering objective of this method is to construct a multi-dimensional compensating stress source with specific spatial coupling effects by arranging the processing sequence. Here, multi-dimensionality refers to the stress field's complex distribution in three-dimensional space, exhibiting not only variations in magnitude but also in direction and gradient. When local pre-deformation processing is performed sequentially, a cooling waiting time is introduced to ensure that the stress solidification at the previous point does not excessively interfere with the formation at the subsequent point. When performed synchronously, the system simultaneously drives an energy source array to process all predetermined points or paths at the same time, which is crucial for generating a symmetrical and balanced stress field. For example, to correct a clover-shaped aberration, the system synchronously drives three sets of energy sources to simultaneously generate stress nuclei at three locations distributed at 120-degree angles on the annular region. The final constructed stress field can be expressed by the following formula: ; in, It is the final multi-dimensional compensating stress source, which is a complex stress tensor field. It represents a pre-planned geometric pattern, containing the coordinates of discrete points or vector data of continuous paths. It is a process timing parameter matrix, which defines the parameters for... The order, power, and duration of processing for each geometric element. It is an operator characterizing the physical manufacturing process. Through geometric patterns... and process timing Through collaborative design, this method can construct a multi-dimensional compensation stress source with a preset spatial distribution according to the compensation requirements. When it is activated and released in the future, it can generate a correction deformation that is highly conjugate to the target wavefront distortion, thereby achieving efficient and accurate compensation.

[0093] The above content is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, and all such modifications and additions should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermally bent surface of automotive optical glass, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Obtain the geometric parameters of the target surface and the optical performance indicators of the optical glass, and generate the target surface parameters and ideal wavefront parameters; Step 2: Based on the target surface parameters, perform local pre-deformation processing in the non-optical functional areas of the optical glass to form a compensating stress source inside the optical glass; Step 3: Generate phased bending control commands based on the target surface parameters, ideal wavefront parameters, and wavefront correction capability determined by the properties of the compensation stress source. Step 4: In the main bending forming stage, according to the staged bending control command, the main bending forming force is applied to the optical functional area of ​​the optical glass to generate the main bending deformation, and the main bending forming force is maintained when the main bending deformation reaches a deformation threshold to trigger the subsequent steps. Step 5: While maintaining the main bending forming force, perform stress release triggering operation on the non-optical functional area according to the staged bending control command so that the compensation stress source is released in a controlled manner. Step 6: The additional adjustment force generated by the controlled release works in conjunction with the main bending forming force to enable the optical glass to complete the final curved surface forming and form a balanced locking structure inside it.

2. The method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermally bent surface of automotive optical glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the geometric parameters of the target surface and the optical performance indicators of the optical glass, and generating the target surface parameters and ideal wavefront parameters, includes: Retrieve the target surface geometric parameters containing complete three-dimensional morphological information from the product design database, and obtain the optical performance indicators characterizing its inherent physical properties from the material database; The geometric parameters of the target surface are imported into the process simulation software for analysis and transformed into structured target surface parameters. Based on the compensation target, a zero-value matrix representing the reference plane wave is set as the ideal wavefront parameter for comparison.

3. The method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermally bent surface of automotive optical glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of performing local pre-deformation processing in the non-optical functional areas of optical glass based on target surface parameters to form a compensating stress source inside the optical glass includes: Extract the main bending direction information and the curvature information of the key area from the target surface parameters, and calculate and generate a pre-bending deformation parameter that is partially opposite to the main bending direction or at a specific angle. Based on the pre-bending deformation parameters, the local energy application device is driven to selectively heat selected parts of the non-optical functional area, so that the selected parts produce physical pre-deformation corresponding to the pre-bending deformation parameters; During selective heating, the actual deformation of the selected part is monitored in real time. When the norm of the difference between the actual deformation and the pre-bending deformation parameter is less than the preset convergence threshold, controlled cooling treatment is performed on the selected part to solidify the physical pre-deformation into a compensating stress source.

4. The method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermal bending surface of automotive optical glass according to claim 3, characterized in that, The generation of staged bending control values ​​based on the target surface parameters, ideal wavefront parameters, and wavefront correction capability determined by the properties of the compensating stress source includes: The spatial distribution and intensity characteristics of the compensating stress source are obtained, and the material mechanics model is called to predict the wavefront correction amount that the compensating stress source will generate when it is released in a controlled manner. The inherent wavefront distortion of the main curvature is generated by simulation based on the target surface parameters, and the inherent wavefront distortion of the main curvature is compared with the ideal wavefront parameters to calculate the required wavefront compensation amount. Using the deviation between the wavefront correction amount and the required wavefront compensation amount as the optimization target, the timing and intensity parameters of the pre-bending deformation parameters and stress release triggering operation are iteratively adjusted. When the deviation is less than the preset convergence threshold, a phased bending control command containing the deformation threshold and specific parameters of the stress release triggering operation is generated.

5. The method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermally bent surface of automotive optical glass according to claim 4, characterized in that, Maintaining the main bending forming force when the main body bending deformation reaches a deformation threshold to trigger subsequent steps includes: A non-contact three-dimensional surface shape measurement system is used to monitor the deformation process of the optical functional area in real time in order to obtain its real-time three-dimensional surface shape data; The real-time three-dimensional surface data is continuously compared with the deformation threshold defined in the staged bending control command. When the deviation between the real-time three-dimensional surface data and the deformation threshold is less than the preset trigger tolerance, it is determined that the main body bending deformation has reached the deformation threshold, and the main bending forming force is controlled to remain constant.

6. The method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermally bent surface of automotive optical glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing stress release triggering operation on non-optical functional areas according to the phased bending control command to cause controlled release of the compensation stress source includes: When the bending deformation of the main body reaches the deformation threshold, a micro-area temperature control module corresponding to the location of the compensation stress source is activated; Based on the temperature change curve in the phased bending control command, the micro-area temperature control module is driven to perform secondary heating or controlled cooling on the location of the compensation stress source. By altering the local material mechanical state at the location of the stress compensation source through secondary heating or controlled cooling, the stress compensation source is triggered to release in a controlled manner.

7. The method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermally bent surface of automotive optical glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, The additional adjustment force generated by controlled release works in conjunction with the main bending forming force to enable the optical glass to complete the final curved surface forming and form a balanced locking structure inside it, including: The controlled release process generates a stress redistribution field in the non-optical functional region, and the stress field effect is transferred to the optical functional region through the continuity of the material, thereby forming an additional adjustment force; The additional adjustment force adjusts the local curvature and thickness distribution of the main body bending deformation maintained by the main bending forming force, so that the overall shape of the optical glass converges to the final target surface. During the subsequent overall cooling process, the adjusted shape and the combined internal and external stress fields are solidified, thereby forming a balanced locking structure inside the optical glass.

8. The method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermally bent surface of automotive optical glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before performing local pre-deformation treatment, the following is also included: Microstructural scribing is performed on the surface of non-optical functional areas of optical glass to form stress-guided structures through the following steps: (1) Simulate the thermal bending process of optical glass without compensation measures to obtain the theoretical wavefront distortion spectrum; (2) Calculate the spatial gradient of the theoretical wavefront distortion map to identify the region with the largest wavefront distortion gradient and generate the distribution data of the region; (3) Based on the distribution data of the region, design the orientation and density of the stress-guided structure, and drive the scribing equipment to perform microstructure scribing processing accordingly; The stress guiding structure is used to guide the stress generated by heat injection to concentrate and directionally distribute along a predetermined pattern defined by its direction and density during the local pre-deformation process, so that the formed compensating stress source has a predetermined spatial shape.

9. The method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermally bent surface of automotive optical glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the balanced locking structure is formed, it also includes: The formed optical glass was placed in a temperature-varying environment, and a set of actual wavefront data at different temperature points was generated by measurement. The actual wavefront data is compared with the predicted wavefront data generated based on the equilibrium locked structure theoretical model to obtain the performance deviation signal; Based on the performance deviation signal, the wavefront correction capability used to generate staged bending control commands is corrected and updated.

10. The method for compensating and controlling wavefront distortion of the thermally bent surface of automotive optical glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-optical functional area is designed as a ring-shaped area surrounding the optical functional area or a rib-shaped area extending outward from the edge of the optical functional area. Local pre-deformation processing is performed at multiple discrete points or along continuous paths in annular or rib-shaped regions to construct a multi-dimensional compensating stress source for correcting complex aberrations.

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