Biomass hard carbon preparation system and pre-carbonization treatment process

Abstract

The invention relates to a biomass hard carbon preparation system and a pre-carbonization treatment process, the hard carbon preparation system comprises: a crushing part for crushing a biomass raw material; the feeding part is used for transferring and conveying the crushed biomass raw materials for subsequent processing; the drying part is used for carrying out drying pretreatment on the biomass raw materials; the carbonization part is used for performing high-temperature heating on the biomass raw materials to complete carbonization treatment; the cooling machine is used for cooling the carbonized finished product, so that the hard carbon preparation of the biomass is completed; the boiler is used for converting heat generated by the biomass into steam; the biomass raw material treatment cost is remarkably reduced, continuous operation is facilitated, whole-process closed conveying is achieved, biomass volatilization is reduced, flying dust in the treatment process is restrained, and the whole operation environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery materials technology, and relates to a biomass pyrolysis carbonization production system, and particularly to a biomass hard carbon preparation system and pre-carbonization process. Background Technology

[0002] With the growing global demand for renewable energy storage, sodium-ion batteries have attracted significant attention due to their abundant raw materials and low cost. Among various anode materials, biomass hard carbon (such as coconut shell, straw, or lignin-based carbon) exhibits excellent Na+ insertion / extraction performance due to its unique hierarchical pore structure and expanded interlayer spacing, making it the mainstream choice for current commercial applications. These materials not only effectively buffer volumetric strain during charge and discharge but also possess significant advantages such as wide availability of raw materials and strong sustainability. Currently, commonly used hard carbon raw materials are biomass materials, mainly obtained through pre-carbonization and high-temperature carbonization of resin materials or biomass materials. The preparation process is simple and inexpensive, attracting widespread attention.

[0003] Biomass carbonization is one of the main methods for producing hard carbon. Its basic process includes: biomass being thermochemically converted into biomass fuel gas, which is then transported via pipeline to combustion equipment such as boilers, aluminum melting furnaces, or internal combustion generators for combustion. However, existing pre-carbonization processes all employ intermittent production. Each processing cycle requires fuel loading into the heating furnace, and the removal of charcoal powder from the furnace after carbonization and cooling occurs in a semi-open environment. This results in high biomass volatility, severe dust generation, and easy adhesion of tar, pyrolysis gas, and charcoal powder to the pipeline sidewalls. Consequently, the pre-carbonization process suffers from uneven carbonization, poor product consistency, and low energy efficiency.

[0004] In light of this, improving the biomass hard carbon preparation system and pre-carbonization process to effectively address the problems of high biomass volatilization, severe dust generation, and harsh working environment during the pre-carbonization process is crucial. Tar, pyrolysis gas, and carbon powder easily adhere to the pipe sidewalls, resulting in uneven carbonization, poor product consistency, and low energy efficiency during pre-carbonization. These are pressing technical challenges that need to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a biomass hard carbon preparation system and a pre-carbonization process. This system solves the problems of high biomass volatilization, severe dust generation, and harsh working environment during the pre-carbonization process. Tar, pyrolysis gas, and carbon powder easily adhere to the pipe sidewalls, resulting in uneven carbonization, poor product consistency, and low energy efficiency during pre-carbonization.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A biomass hard carbon preparation system and pre-carbonization process are disclosed. The hard carbon preparation system includes: a crushing section for crushing biomass raw materials; a feeding section for transferring and conveying the crushed biomass raw materials for subsequent processing; a drying section for drying and pre-treating the biomass raw materials; a carbonization section for heating the biomass raw materials at high temperature to complete the carbonization process; a cooler for cooling the carbonized product to complete the preparation of hard carbon from the biomass; and a boiler for converting the heat generated by the biomass into steam. The process flow of the pre-carbonization treatment includes: Material process flow: After entering the crushing section, the biomass raw material undergoes pre-treatment of granulation. Under the action of the feeding section, it is evenly fed into the drying section. After contact with high-temperature gas, the moisture is evaporated and the moisture content is reduced. Then, it enters the carbonization section and is transformed into hard carbon precursor after high-temperature carbonization. It is then transferred to the cooler and cooled to room temperature before being packaged. Thermal process flow: Under the continuous high temperature of the carbonization section, the biomass raw material releases pyrolysis gas and burns it to generate a large amount of heat. Some of the heat enters the drying section with the gas to continuously provide high-temperature gas for the drying section. The remaining heat enters the boiler to generate steam and is then utilized. Exhaust gas treatment process: The gas from the drying section and the boiler, after heat exchange, is centrally fed into the exhaust gas treatment system and discharged after treatment to meet standards. Thus, the biomass raw material is pyrolyzed after passing through the drying section and carbonization section, releasing high-temperature pyrolysis gas, which is then burned to generate a large amount of heat. Part of this heat is used to generate steam in the boiler, and part is carried by the airflow into the drying section to directly utilize the heat after pyrolysis. This process makes full use of heat, significantly reduces the cost of biomass raw material processing, facilitates continuous operation, and improves the integration of the entire biomass hard carbon preparation system by centralizing exhaust gas treatment. It also achieves closed-loop transportation throughout the process, reduces the volatilization of biomass, suppresses dust during the processing, and improves the overall working environment.

[0007] Furthermore, in the gas process, the high-temperature gas that has completed heat exchange with the biomass raw material from inside the carbonization section passes through the drying section and is then purified by the exhaust gas treatment system before being discharged.

[0008] Furthermore, the drying section is a rotary drying device, in which the biomass raw material comes into full contact with the high-temperature gas inside the drying section, and after 1-2 hours of drying, the moisture content is less than 10%.

[0009] Furthermore, the carbonization section is a working area that is thermally isolated from each other and can be independently temperature-controlled. After carbonization for 1-4 hours at a temperature not exceeding 800°C, a hard carbon precursor is extracted.

[0010] Furthermore, during the carbonization process, the amount of biomass volatilization is controlled between 8% and 30%.

[0011] Furthermore, the steam pressure inside the boiler is controlled between 0.6 MPa and 0.8 MPa, and the temperature is controlled between 150°C and 200°C.

[0012] Furthermore, the drying section includes a drying furnace, an air inlet mechanism, and a discharge mechanism, wherein the input end of the drying furnace is connected to the output end of the feeding section, and the output end of the drying furnace is connected to the discharge mechanism; the air inlet mechanism is sleeved around the outer periphery of the feeding section and forms a unidirectional airflow channel with the inner cavity of the drying furnace and the discharge mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the carbonization section includes a furnace tube, a heating mechanism, and a heating supply mechanism, wherein the heating mechanism is a cavity with an internal storage space; the furnace tube penetrates the internal cavity of the heating mechanism and is configured to exchange heat with the airflow inside the internal cavity of the heating mechanism; the heating supply mechanism is located at the bottom end of the heating mechanism and is configured to communicate with the internal cavity of the heating mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the temperature of the heating mechanism is controlled between 850℃ and 1200℃, and the combustion time is not less than 3 seconds.

[0015] The biomass hard carbon preparation system and pre-carbonization process provided in the above embodiments involve the biomass raw materials being pyrolyzed in the drying and carbonization sections to release high-temperature pyrolysis gas, which is then burned to generate a large amount of heat. Part of this heat is used to generate steam in a boiler, while the rest is carried by the airflow into the drying section, directly utilizing the heat from pyrolysis. This process ensures efficient heat utilization, significantly reduces the cost of biomass raw material processing, facilitates continuous operation, and improves the integration of the entire biomass hard carbon preparation system by centrally treating the exhaust gas. It achieves closed-loop conveying throughout the entire process, reduces biomass volatilization, suppresses dust during processing, and improves the overall working environment. By matching the number of drive components with the number of conveying components, it ensures that each conveying component can operate independently, effectively reducing localized material accumulation and blockage caused by uneven force during biomass raw material transport. It also effectively isolates the risk of a single conveying component failure affecting the overall conveying efficiency of the feeding section. The conveying assembly, composed of spiral conveying shafts rotating in the same direction and maintaining synchronous arrangement, allows the thrust of the spiral blades to be superimposed, forming a larger axial conveying force, thereby significantly improving the conveying capacity per unit time. Simultaneously, based on the same direction and synchronous arrangement... The spiral blades generate the same propulsive speed in the axial direction, avoiding local accumulation or voids caused by differences in rotational speed, making the biomass conveying process more stable and continuous. The shearing and convection between the blades rotating in the same direction fully agitates the biomass during conveying, thereby dispersing the material inside the hopper and achieving uniform material distribution. The spiral conveyor then ensures that the biomass raw materials are conveyed uniformly, stably, and reliably. This application provides a drying section for preparing biomass, which is provided by air-sealing the end side with the outer periphery of the conveying section and maintaining a gap between the inner wall and the conveying section. The air inlet body, together with the air inlet penetrating through it, forms a one-way airflow channel through which gas enters the inner cavity of the drying oven along the outer periphery of the conveying section. This ensures that the high-temperature gas enters the inner cavity of the drying oven in a one-way manner after passing through the air inlet. The temperature of the high-temperature gas entering the inner cavity of the drying oven can be monitored in real time by a first temperature measuring probe installed in the airflow channel, so as to ensure drying efficiency and improve the drying effect of biomass raw materials. The air inlet hood, which is airtight with the air inlet mechanism and the drying oven, and the air inlet pipe opened along the radial direction of the drying oven, provide a channel for external gas.For example, by introducing external nitrogen, the amount of oxygen entering the drying furnace cavity with the biomass raw materials can be reduced. Timed nitrogen injection can also clean the drying furnace cavity, quickly removing residual combustible dust. Furthermore, it can be linked with a flame detector; when a flame is detected inside the drying furnace, the hot air inlet is closed, and nitrogen is automatically introduced. This cleans the combustible dust while simultaneously filling the drying furnace cavity with nitrogen, automatically extinguishing the flame and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the production process. The carbonization section provided in this application features a volume-reduced top design for the bottom furnace chamber, facilitating the convergence of heated airflow from the bottom furnace chamber at the top, ensuring the continuity and stability of the airflow flowing upwards through the narrow vent. The coaxial arrangement of the tubes with the upper furnace chamber enhances the furnace tube... The uniformity of the heated surface area on the outer periphery of the furnace tube improves the consistency of temperature distribution across the furnace tube cross-section, thereby ensuring the consistency of the quality of biomass hard carbon materials. By dividing the bottom and upper furnace chambers into corresponding thermally isolated temperature zones, precise control of the heating temperature in different zones of the furnace tube can be achieved. This effectively solves the problem in traditional processes where a single temperature zone cannot be used for local temperature regulation, thus ensuring the uniformity and consistency of temperature distribution across the furnace tube cross-section, and significantly improving the quality of biomass hard carbon materials. The pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization of biomass raw materials in the furnace tube can be diverted into the heating mechanism. After complete combustion, the heat is diverted to the pretreatment and carbonization processes of biomass, thereby making full use of the pyrolysis gas and significantly reducing the processing cost of biomass raw materials. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the production process of biomass carbonization in an embodiment. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding section shown in the embodiment; Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram of the feeding section shown in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the feeding section shown in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drying section shown in the embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carbonized part shown in the embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the carbonized section shown in the embodiment.

[0017] Reference numerals: 10: Crushing section; 20: Feeding section; 21: Mounting base; 22: Drive mechanism; 221: Drive motor; 222: Coupling; 223: Chain; 224: Sprocket; 23: Hopper; 231: Side plate; 232: Feed chute; 233: Discharge port; 24: Conveying mechanism; 241: First spiral conveyor shaft; 242: Second spiral conveyor shaft; 30: Drying section; 31: Drying oven; 32: Air inlet mechanism; 321: Air inlet body; 322: Air inlet; 323: First temperature probe; 33: Material discharge mechanism; 331: Exhaust hood; 332: Air outlet; 333: First material outlet; 334: Flame detector; 335: Second temperature probe; 34: Air inlet hood; 341: Air inlet hood body; 342: Air inlet pipe; 35: Insulation layer; 40: Carbonization section; 41: Furnace tube; 42: Heating mechanism; 4 21: Side wall; 422: Bottom furnace; 422a: Bottom first furnace; 423b: Bottom second furnace; 423c: Bottom third furnace; 423: Upper furnace; 423a: Upper first furnace; 423b: Upper second furnace; 423c: Upper third furnace; 424: Narrow tuyeres; 425: Baffle plate; 426: Hot air inlet; 427: Hot air outlet; 43: Heating mechanism; 431: Fuel... Burning chamber; 432: Hot gas distribution chamber; 433: Burner; 434: Distribution pipe; 435: Distribution regulating valve; 436: External discharge regulating valve; 44: Hot gas recovery mechanism; 441: Discharge sealing cover; 442: Second material outlet; 443: Pyrolysis gas outlet; 444: Conveying pipe; 46: Temperature detection mechanism; 461: Outlet temperature sensor; 462: Pipeline temperature sensor; 50: Cooler; 60: Boiler. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., these directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. Furthermore, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions such as "first," "second," "S1," "S2," "step one," "step two," etc., these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of method execution. Those skilled in the art will understand that anything that does not violate the inventive concept and is within the scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a biomass hard carbon preparation system provided according to a partial exemplary embodiment is used for processing biomass raw materials, including: Crushing section 10 is used to crush biomass raw materials; The feeding section 20 transfers and conveys the crushed biomass raw materials for subsequent processing; Drying section 30 is used for drying and pre-treatment of biomass raw materials; Carbonization section 40 heats the biomass raw material at high temperature to complete the carbonization process; Cooler 50 is used to cool the carbonized product, thus completing the preparation of hard carbon from biomass. Boiler 60 is used to convert the heat generated from biomass into steam. The process flow of the pre-carbonization treatment includes: Material process flow: After the biomass raw material enters the crushing section 10, it undergoes pre-treatment for granulation. Under the action of the feeding section 20, it enters the drying section 30 evenly. After contact with high temperature gas, the moisture is evaporated and the moisture content is reduced. Then, it enters the carbonization section 40 and is transformed into hard carbon precursor after high temperature carbonization. It is then transferred to the cooler 50, cooled to room temperature, and then packaged. Thermal process flow: Under the continuous high temperature of the carbonization section 40, the biomass raw material releases pyrolysis gas and fully combusts to generate a large amount of heat. Some of the heat enters the drying section 30 with the gas to continuously provide high-temperature gas for the drying section 30; the remaining heat enters the boiler 60 to generate steam and is then utilized.

[0021] Exhaust gas treatment process: After heat exchange between the drying unit 30 and the boiler 60, the gas enters the exhaust gas treatment system and is discharged after treatment to meet the standards.

[0022] In summary, the process involves the pyrolysis of biomass feedstock through the drying and carbonization sections, releasing high-temperature pyrolysis gas, which is then combusted to generate a large amount of heat. Part of this heat is utilized as steam in a boiler, while the remainder is carried by the airflow into the drying section, directly utilizing the heat from pyrolysis. This efficient heat utilization significantly reduces the cost of biomass feedstock processing, facilitates continuous operation, and the centralized treatment of exhaust gas enhances the integration of the entire biomass hard carbon production system. It also achieves closed-loop transportation throughout the entire process, reduces biomass volatilization, suppresses dust during processing, and improves the overall working environment.

[0023] Optionally, in the gas process, the high-temperature gas that has completed heat exchange with the biomass raw material from inside the carbonization section 40 passes through the drying section 30 and is then purified by the exhaust gas treatment system before being discharged. Thus, by making full use of the temperature difference between the carbonization section 40 and the drying section 30, the high-temperature gas that has completed heat exchange inside the carbonization section 40 can be introduced into the drying section 30, thereby realizing the reuse of heat.

[0024] Optionally, the drying section 30 is a rotary drying device, in which the biomass raw material comes into full contact with the high-temperature gas inside the drying section 30, and after 1-2 hours of drying, the moisture content is less than 10%.

[0025] Specifically, taking bamboo as an example, bamboo is used as a biomass raw material. Its moisture content is about 40%. After being processed by the crushing section 10, it becomes block particles with a size of 20mm. After being dried in the drying section 30, it is dried in high temperature gas for about 1-2 hours, and the moisture content will be less than 10%.

[0026] Optionally, the carbonization section 40 is a thermally isolated operating area with independently controllable temperature. After carbonization for 1-4 hours at a temperature not exceeding 800℃, a hard carbon precursor is extracted. Specifically, during the carbonization process, the biomass volatilization rate is controlled between 8-30%. For example, using bamboo as the biomass raw material, the temperature of the high-temperature bamboo charcoal is controlled between 350℃ and 450℃. After cooling in the cooler 50, it can be packaged. Preferably, the temperature of the bamboo charcoal is controlled between 380℃ and 420℃ to obtain a hard carbon precursor with a better degree of carbonization.

[0027] Optionally, the carbonization section 40 is also equipped with an independent combustion chamber, where the high-temperature pyrolysis gas released from the pyrolysis is collected and thoroughly combusted. Specifically, the combustion chamber temperature is controlled between 850℃ and 1200℃, and the combustion time is not less than 3 seconds. Thus, by setting up a combustion chamber inside the carbonization section, heat loss is further reduced, and efficient utilization of heat is achieved.

[0028] Optionally, the steam pressure inside the boiler 60 is controlled between 0.6 MPa and 0.8 MPa, and the temperature is controlled between 150℃ and 200℃.

[0029] In summary, the biomass hard carbon preparation system and pre-carbonization process provided in this application involve the release of high-temperature pyrolysis gas from the biomass raw material after passing through the drying and carbonization sections. This gas is then combusted to generate a large amount of heat, part of which is used to generate steam in a boiler, while the rest is carried by the airflow into the drying section to directly utilize the heat from the pyrolysis. This process ensures efficient heat utilization, significantly reduces the cost of biomass raw material processing, facilitates continuous operation, and improves the integration of the entire biomass hard carbon preparation system by centralizing the treatment of exhaust gas. It also achieves closed-loop transportation throughout the entire process, reduces the volatilization of biomass, suppresses dust during processing, and improves the overall working environment.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the feeding unit 20 includes a drive mechanism 22, a hopper 23, and a conveying mechanism 24 mounted on a mounting base 21. The mounting base 21 is a support made of welded steel profiles, which provides sufficient rigidity to load and withstand uncertain positional loads. The hopper 23 is fixed to the top surface of the mounting base 21 and extends along the length of the mounting base 21. The drive mechanism 22 is fixed to the mounting base 21 and located at the end of the hopper 23. One end of the conveying mechanism 24 is connected to the drive mechanism, and the other end, which is opposite to it, passes through the hopper 23 and extends along the length of the hopper 23. The conveying mechanism 24 includes at least two sets of conveying components, each comprising two sets of spiral conveying shafts rotating in the same direction and maintaining the same synchronous frequency. The axes of the spiral conveying shafts are parallel and spaced apart.

[0031] Therefore, by using a conveying assembly composed of spiral conveying shafts that rotate in the same direction and are set synchronously, the thrust of the spiral blades can be superimposed to form a larger axial conveying force, thereby significantly improving the conveying capacity per unit time. At the same time, the spiral blades, which rotate in the same direction and are synchronous, generate the same propulsion speed in the axial direction, avoiding local accumulation or voids caused by differences in rotation speed, making the biomass conveying process more stable and continuous. The shearing and convection between the blades rotating in the same direction fully agitates the biomass during the conveying process, thereby dispersing the material inside the hopper and achieving uniform distribution of the material. Then, through spiral conveying, it is ensured that the biomass raw materials can be conveyed evenly, stably, and reliably.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the conveying component includes a first spiral conveying shaft 241 and a second spiral conveying shaft 242 that are linked together. The first spiral conveying shaft 241 and the second spiral conveying shaft 242 are kept in the same direction and rotate at the same frequency by a driving mechanism 22.

[0033] To ensure stable and reliable biomass transport, the drive mechanism 22 includes a drive assembly connected to the conveying component. The fixed end of the drive assembly is mounted on the mounting base 21, and the movable end of the drive assembly is connected to the conveying component. Specifically, the number of drive assemblies is matched to the number of conveying components, thereby ensuring that each conveying component can operate independently. This effectively reduces localized material accumulation and blockages caused by uneven force during biomass transport, and effectively isolates the risk of a single conveying component failure affecting the overall conveying efficiency of the feeding section.

[0034] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a drive motor 221, a coupling 222, and a chain 224. The drive motor 221 is connected to the first helical conveying shaft 241 via the coupling 222, and the second helical conveying shaft 242 is connected to the first helical conveying shaft 241 in the same direction and at the same frequency via the chain 224. Further, to ensure smooth and seamless transmission, a sprocket 223 is included, respectively fitted around the rotating shafts of the first and second helical conveying shafts 241 and 242, and the sprocket 223 engages with the chain 224.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the drive motor 221 is a geared motor, thereby enabling precise control of the screw conveyor shaft. Furthermore, to facilitate automated industrial production, other auxiliary equipment, such as a control system electrically connected to the drive motor 221, is also included. Examples include control switches and connection interfaces, which should be readily conceived by those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail here.

[0036] Preferably, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the hopper 23 includes a side plate 231, a feed trough 232, and a discharge port 233. The side plate 231 is formed by connecting a panel and supporting ribs, creating a receiving cavity at its top. The feed trough 232 and the discharge port 233 are located at the top and bottom ends of the cavity formed by the side plate 231, respectively, and are connected to the cavity. The feed trough 232 extends along the length of the conveying mechanism 24. The discharge port 233 is located at the far end of the side plate 231, away from the drive mechanism 22. Optionally, the cross-sectional volume of the discharge port 233 is gradually decreasing.

[0037] In summary, the conveying structure for biomass preparation provided in this application, through the matching of the number of drive components and conveying components, ensures that each conveying component can operate independently, effectively reducing the phenomenon of local material accumulation and blockage caused by uneven force during the transmission of biomass raw materials. It also effectively isolates the risk of affecting the overall conveying efficiency of the feeding section due to the failure of a single set of conveying components. The conveying assembly composed of spiral conveying shafts with the same rotation direction and synchronous setting allows the thrust of the spiral blades to be superimposed, forming a larger axial conveying force, thereby significantly improving the conveying capacity per unit time. At the same time, based on the same-direction and synchronous spiral blades generating the same propulsion speed in the axial direction, it avoids local accumulation or voids caused by differences in rotation speed, making the biomass conveying process more stable and continuous. The shearing and convection between the blades rotating in the same direction fully agitates the biomass during the conveying process, thereby dispersing the material inside the hopper and achieving uniform material distribution. Then, through spiral conveying, it ensures that the biomass raw materials can be conveyed uniformly, stably, and reliably.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the drying section 30 includes a drying furnace 31, an air inlet mechanism 32, and a discharge mechanism 33. The input end of the drying furnace 31 is connected to the output end of the feeding section 20, and the output end of the drying furnace 31 is connected to the discharge mechanism 33. The air inlet mechanism 32 is sleeved around the outer periphery of the feeding section 20, forming a unidirectional flow channel with the inner cavity of the drying furnace 31 and the discharge mechanism 33. Thus, by sleeved around the outer periphery of the feeding section and maintaining unidirectional flow with the inner cavity of the drying furnace and the discharge mechanism, the high-temperature gas from the air inlet mechanism enters the inner cavity of the drying furnace along with the biomass raw materials as they enter through the feeding section, increasing the contact area with the biomass raw materials and significantly improving drying efficiency. Furthermore, based on the unidirectional gas flow channel, the mixed gas formed after the high-temperature gas evaporates the moisture in the biomass raw materials can only flow unidirectionally towards the discharge mechanism, avoiding the risk of dust explosion caused by stagnation of the mixed airflow in the inner cavity of the drying furnace.

[0039] Optionally, such as Figure 5As shown, the air inlet mechanism 32 includes an air inlet body 321 and an air inlet 322. The air inlet body 321 is fitted around the outer periphery of the conveying section 20 and is airtight with the inner cavity of the conveying section 20. The air inlet 322 penetrates the air inlet body 321 and communicates with the inner cavity of the drying oven 31. Furthermore, the end side of the air inlet body 321 away from the drying oven 31 is airtightly connected to the outer periphery of the conveying section 20, and the inner wall of the air inlet body 321 is spaced apart from the outer periphery of the conveying section 20. It extends towards the drying oven 31 along the axial direction of the drying oven 31. Thus, the air inlet body, with its end side airtightly connected to the outer periphery of the conveying section and its inner wall spaced apart from the conveying section, and the air inlet penetrating the air inlet body, together form a unidirectional airflow channel through which gas enters the inner cavity of the drying oven along the outer periphery of the conveying section.

[0040] Furthermore, in order to improve the real-time monitoring of drying efficiency and effect and improve the quality of biomass carbon, at least one first temperature probe 323 is installed inside the airflow channel formed between the air inlet body 321 and the conveying part 20 after penetrating the air inlet body 321.

[0041] In summary, by sealing the end face with the outer periphery of the conveying section and maintaining a gap between the inner wall and the conveying section, the air inlet body, together with the air inlet penetrating the air inlet body, forms a unidirectional airflow channel for gas to enter the inner cavity of the drying oven along the outer periphery of the conveying section. This ensures that the high-temperature gas enters the inner cavity of the drying oven in one direction after passing through the air inlet. By installing a first temperature measuring probe in the airflow channel, the temperature of the high-temperature gas entering the inner cavity of the drying oven can be monitored in real time to ensure drying efficiency and improve the drying effect of biomass raw materials.

[0042] Optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the discharge mechanism 33 includes an exhaust hood 331, an air outlet 332, and a first material outlet 333. The exhaust hood 331 is located on the output end side of the drying oven 31 and maintains an airtight connection with the drying oven 31. The air outlet 332 and the first material outlet 333 are located on the exhaust hood 331 and are connected to the inner cavity of the drying oven 31. Preferably, the air outlet 332 is located on the top surface of the exhaust hood 331, and the first material outlet 333 is located on the bottom surface of the exhaust hood 331, forming a connected airflow channel inside the exhaust hood 331. Furthermore, the axes of the air outlet 332 and the first material outlet 333 are coplanar. Thus, through the airflow channel formed inside the exhaust hood by the air outlet and the first material outlet, the material and gas at the output end of the drying oven can be effectively separated, avoiding blockage and timely discharging of dust-laden gas generated during the dust-laden drying process.

[0043] Furthermore, the discharge mechanism 33 also includes a flame detector 334 and a second temperature probe 335 that penetrate the exhaust hood 331 and are in contact with the inner cavity of the drying oven 31. This enables real-time monitoring of the temperature at the far end of the drying oven's inner cavity and provides timely warnings of potential dust combustion, further reducing the risk of dust explosions.

[0044] Optionally, to further reduce the possibility of dust explosions during the drying process and improve safety during operation, an air intake hood 34 is also included, positioned between the drying oven 31 and the air intake mechanism 32. The air intake hood 34 is fitted around the outer periphery of the air intake mechanism 32 and is airtight with the drying oven 31. Specifically, the air intake hood 34 includes an air intake hood body 341 and at least one air intake pipe 342. The air intake hood body 341 is airtightly connected to both the air intake mechanism 32 and the drying oven 31. The air intake pipe 342 passes through the air intake hood body 341 and communicates with the inner cavity of the drying oven 31. Preferably, the air intake pipe 342 passes through the air intake hood body 341 along the axial direction of the drying oven 31. Further, the air intake pipes 342 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the end side of the air intake hood body 341.

[0045] In summary, the air intake hood, which maintains an airtight seal with the air intake mechanism and the drying oven, and the air intake pipes extending radially along the drying oven, provide a channel for external gas. For example, by introducing external nitrogen, the amount of oxygen entering the drying oven cavity with the biomass raw materials can be reduced. Furthermore, by periodically introducing nitrogen, the drying oven cavity can be cleaned, quickly removing residual combustible dust. Additionally, it can be linked with a flame detector; when a flame is detected inside the drying oven, the hot air inlet is closed, and nitrogen is automatically introduced. This cleans the combustible dust while simultaneously filling the drying oven cavity with nitrogen, automatically extinguishing the flame and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the production process.

[0046] In addition, to further improve drying efficiency and reduce operating energy consumption, the drying unit 30 also includes a heat insulation layer 35 disposed on the outer peripheral side of the drying oven 31.

[0047] In summary, this application provides a drying unit for preparing biomass. By sealing the end side of the unit with the outer periphery of the conveying unit and maintaining a gap between the inner wall of the unit and the conveying unit, an air inlet body is formed together with an air inlet penetrating the air inlet body to form a unidirectional airflow channel for gas to enter the inner cavity of the drying furnace along the outer periphery of the conveying unit. This ensures that the high-temperature gas enters the inner cavity of the drying furnace unidirectionally after passing through the air inlet. By using a first temperature measuring probe installed in the airflow channel, the temperature of the high-temperature gas entering the inner cavity of the drying furnace can be monitored in real time to ensure drying efficiency and improve the drying effect of biomass raw materials. An air inlet hood that is sealed with the air inlet mechanism and the drying furnace, and an air inlet pipe opened along the radial direction of the drying furnace, provide a channel for external gas. For example, by introducing nitrogen externally, the amount of oxygen entering the drying oven cavity along with the biomass raw materials can be reduced. By periodically introducing nitrogen, the drying oven cavity can be cleaned, quickly removing any combustible dust remaining inside. Furthermore, it can be linked with a flame detector. When a flame is detected inside the drying oven, the hot air inlet is closed, and nitrogen is automatically introduced. While cleaning the combustible dust, the drying oven cavity is filled with nitrogen, automatically extinguishing the flames and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the production process.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the carbonization section 40 includes a furnace tube 41, a heating mechanism 42, and a heating mechanism 43. The heating mechanism 42 is a cavity with an internal storage space. The furnace tube 41 penetrates the internal cavity of the heating mechanism 42 and is configured to exchange heat with the airflow inside the internal cavity of the heating mechanism 42. The heating mechanism 43 is located at the bottom of the heating mechanism 42 and is configured to communicate with the internal cavity of the heating mechanism 42. Thus, by providing high-temperature gas through the heating mechanism, the furnace tube is continuously heated after passing through the heating mechanism, thereby realizing the thermochemical conversion of the biomass raw material inside the furnace tube into biochar, pyrolysis gas, and pyrolysis liquid at high temperature.

[0049] Preferably, in order to improve the efficiency of heat exchange, the furnace tube 41 is a metal furnace tube.

[0050] Optionally, the heating mechanism 42 includes a sidewall 421, which encloses and maintains communication between a bottom furnace chamber 422 and an upper furnace chamber 423. The flow area of ​​the top section of the bottom furnace chamber 422 gradually decreases. The upper furnace chamber 423 is a cylindrical inner cavity. Preferably, the heating mechanism 42 further includes at least one elongated tuyeres 424 whose bottom end communicates with the top end of the bottom furnace chamber 422 and whose top end communicates with the upper furnace chamber 423. Thus, by designing the top end of the bottom furnace chamber with a reduced volume structure, the heated airflow flowing through the bottom furnace chamber gathers at the top, ensuring the continuity and stability of the airflow flowing through the elongated tuyeres into the upper furnace chamber.

[0051] Preferably, the outer periphery of the furnace tube 41 is positioned with a gap between it and the inner wall of the upper furnace chamber 423. This ensures that the heated airflow makes full contact with the outer periphery of the furnace tube 41 as it flows through the upper furnace chamber 423, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the furnace tube 41 and the upper furnace chamber 423 are arranged coaxially, which improves the uniformity of the heated area on the outer periphery of the furnace tube 41 and enhances the consistency of the temperature distribution across the cross-section of the furnace tube 41, thus ensuring the consistency of the quality of the biomass hard carbon material.

[0052] Preferably, to further improve the quality of the biomass hard carbon material inside the furnace tube 41, the heating mechanism 42 further includes at least one set of partitions 425 spaced apart in the inner cavities of the bottom furnace chamber 422 and the upper furnace chamber 423. The partitions 425 extend along the length of the furnace tube 41, dividing the inner cavities of the bottom furnace chamber 422 and the upper furnace chamber 423 into corresponding, thermally insulated temperature zones. For example, Figure 5 As shown, the bottom furnace chamber 422 is divided into three thermally insulated chambers: a bottom first furnace chamber 422a, a bottom second furnace chamber 422b, and a bottom third furnace chamber 422c. Correspondingly, the upper furnace chamber 423 is also divided into three thermally insulated chambers: an upper first furnace chamber 423a, an upper second furnace chamber 423b, and an upper third furnace chamber 423c. Thus, heated airflow from the bottom first furnace chamber 422a enters the upper first furnace chamber 423a, heating a portion of the furnace tube 41 located within it. This process is repeated to complete the overall segmented heating of the furnace tube 41. This allows the furnace tube 41 to be divided into thermally insulated heating zones, enabling precise temperature control of different zones. This effectively solves the problem in traditional processes where a single temperature zone cannot regulate local temperatures, ensuring the uniformity and consistency of the temperature distribution across the furnace tube 41 cross-section, thereby significantly improving the quality of the biomass hard carbon material.

[0053] Optionally, the heating mechanism 42 further includes a hot air inlet 426 located at the bottom of the side wall 421 and communicating with the bottom furnace chamber 422. Further, to ensure smooth airflow carrying heat and facilitate effective heat transfer, the heating mechanism 42 also includes at least one hot air outlet 427 located at the top of the side wall 421, which is connected to the upper furnace chamber 423. Specifically, the hot air outlet 427 and the upper furnace chamber 423 are divided into isolated temperature zones corresponding one-to-one. This ensures that each temperature zone can smoothly achieve unidirectional flow of heated gas. For example, after high-temperature gas enters the bottom first furnace chamber 422a through the hot air inlet, it enters the upper first furnace chamber 423a through the narrow air inlet 424, heating the furnace tubes 41 located inside the upper first furnace chamber 423a, and then exits through the hot air outlet 427, completing the continuous heating of the furnace tubes 41 located inside the upper first furnace chamber 423a.

[0054] In summary, the heating mechanism provided in this application, by designing the top of the bottom furnace chamber with a volume-reduced structure, facilitates the convergence of heated airflow in the bottom furnace chamber at the top, ensuring the continuity and stability of the airflow flowing into the upper furnace chamber through the narrow tuyeres; by setting the tube and the upper furnace chamber coaxially, it improves the uniformity of the heated area on the outer periphery of the furnace tube, enhances the consistency of the temperature distribution across the furnace tube cross-section, and thus ensures the consistency of the quality of biomass hard carbon materials; by dividing the inner cavities of the bottom and upper furnace chambers into corresponding thermally insulated temperature zones, it enables precise control of the heating temperature of different temperature zones of the furnace tube, effectively solving the problem in traditional processes where a single temperature zone cannot be used for local temperature adjustment, thereby ensuring the uniformity and consistency of the temperature distribution across the furnace tube cross-section, and significantly improving the quality of biomass hard carbon materials.

[0055] Optionally, such as Figure 6 As shown, the heating mechanism 43 includes a combustion chamber 431, a hot gas distribution chamber 432, and a burner 433. One end of the hot gas distribution chamber 432 is connected to the combustion chamber 431, and the other end, positioned opposite it, extends along the axis of the furnace tube 41 in a direction away from the burner 433, while maintaining communication with the heating mechanism 42. The burner 433 is located inside the combustion chamber 431, at its far end away from the hot gas distribution chamber 432. Thus, the high-temperature airflow generated after combustion by the burner enters the heating mechanism through the combustion chamber, continuously providing the heating mechanism with a high-temperature airflow.

[0056] Optionally, the heating mechanism 43 further includes at least one distribution pipe 434 connecting the hot gas distribution chamber 432 and the heating mechanism 42, wherein the distribution pipes 434 are spaced apart along the length of the heating mechanism 42. Preferably, the number of distribution pipes 434 corresponds one-to-one with the temperature zone cavities isolated by the bottom furnace chamber 422 of the heating mechanism 42. Optionally, the heating mechanism 43 further includes a distribution regulating valve 435 with adjustable flow surface disposed within the distribution pipe 434, thereby enabling precise control of the flow rate of the high-temperature gas entering a single distribution pipe.

[0057] Optionally, in order to ensure the regulation of the high-temperature gas flow rate inside the heating mechanism and to facilitate the cleaning of the combustion chamber 431, the heating mechanism 43 also includes an external discharge regulating valve 436 disposed on the hot gas distribution chamber 432, wherein the external discharge regulating valve 436 is located on the end side away from the burner 433.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, to address the issues of high energy consumption and high processing costs in existing biomass carbonization processes, a heat recovery mechanism 44 is also included, located at the output end of the furnace tube 41. One end of the heat recovery mechanism 44 is connected to the furnace tube 41, and the other end is connected to the heating mechanism 43. Thus, through the heat recovery mechanism, the pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization of biomass raw materials in the furnace tube can be diverted into the heating mechanism. After complete combustion, the heat is diverted to the pretreatment and carbonization processes of the biomass, allowing for full utilization of the pyrolysis gas and significantly reducing the processing costs of biomass raw materials. For example, after the pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber 431 of the heating mechanism 43 through the heat recovery mechanism 44, it generates a large amount of high-temperature gas, which then enters the bottom furnace 422 and the upper furnace 423 through the hot air inlet 426 to participate in the carbonization of the biomass raw materials in the furnace tube 41; and through the air inlet 322 of the air inlet mechanism 32, it participates in the drying of the biomass raw materials in the drying furnace 31.

[0059] Optionally, the heat recovery mechanism 44 includes a discharge sealing cover 441, a second material outlet 442, a pyrolysis gas outlet 443, and a conveying pipe 444. The discharge sealing cover 441 is located at the output end of the furnace tube 41 and is sealed to it. The second material outlet 442 is located on the bottom surface of the discharge sealing cover 441, with its inner cavity having a gradually decreasing flow area. The pyrolysis gas outlet 443 is located on the top surface of the discharge sealing cover 441 and is connected to the heating mechanism 43 via the conveying pipe 444. Thus, the pyrolysis gas generated inside the furnace tube passes through the pyrolysis gas outlet on the discharge sealing cover, travels through the conveying pipe, and enters the heating mechanism, thereby completing the recycling and reuse of the pyrolysis gas. After complete combustion, the heat is diverted to the pretreatment and carbonization processes of biomass, ensuring full utilization of the pyrolysis gas and significantly reducing the processing cost of biomass raw materials.

[0060] In summary, the heat recovery mechanism provided in this application can divert the pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization of biomass raw materials in the furnace tube into the heating mechanism. After complete combustion, the heat is diverted to the heating processes such as pretreatment and carbonization of biomass, thereby enabling the pyrolysis gas to be fully utilized and significantly reducing the processing cost of biomass raw materials.

[0061] Optionally, in order to achieve precise temperature control, a temperature monitoring mechanism 46 is also included, which is located inside the heating mechanism 43 and arranged along the airflow path. The temperature monitoring mechanism includes an outlet temperature sensor 461 located at the outlet of the combustion chamber 431 and a pipe temperature sensor 462 located on the distribution pipe 434.

[0062] In addition, it includes other auxiliary equipment such as control systems electrically connected to temperature sensors and control valves. For example, control switches, connection interfaces, etc., should be easily conceived by those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail here.

[0063] In summary, the carbonization section provided in this application, by designing the top of the bottom furnace chamber with a volume-reduced structure, facilitates the convergence of heated airflow in the bottom furnace chamber at the top, ensuring the continuity and stability of the airflow flowing into the upper furnace chamber through the narrow tuyeres; by setting the tubes and the upper furnace chamber coaxially, it improves the uniformity of the heated surface area on the outer periphery of the furnace tubes, enhances the consistency of the temperature distribution across the furnace tube cross-section, and thus ensures the consistency of the quality of the biomass hard carbon material; by dividing the inner cavities of the bottom and upper furnace chambers into corresponding, thermally insulated temperature zones, it achieves different temperature zones for the furnace tubes. The heating temperature of different zones can be precisely controlled, effectively solving the problem in traditional processes where a single temperature zone cannot regulate the temperature locally. This ensures the uniformity and consistency of the temperature distribution across the furnace tube cross-section, thereby significantly improving the quality of biomass hard carbon materials. The pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization of biomass raw materials in the furnace tube can be diverted into the heating mechanism. After complete combustion, the heat is diverted to the pretreatment and carbonization processes of biomass, thus making full use of the pyrolysis gas and significantly reducing the processing cost of biomass raw materials.

[0064] In summary, the conveying structure for biomass preparation provided in this application, through the matching of the number of drive components and conveying components, ensures that each conveying component can operate independently, effectively reducing the phenomenon of local material accumulation and blockage caused by uneven force during the transmission of biomass raw materials. It also effectively isolates the risk of the entire feeding section's conveying efficiency being affected by the failure of a single conveying component. The conveying assembly, composed of spiral conveying shafts rotating in the same direction and maintaining synchronous arrangement, allows the thrust of the spiral blades to be superimposed, forming a larger axial conveying force, thereby significantly improving the conveying capacity per unit time. Simultaneously, the same axial propulsion speed generated by the co-rotating and synchronous spiral blades avoids local accumulation or voids caused by differences in rotational speed, making the biomass conveying process more stable and continuous. The shearing and convection between the co-rotating blades fully agitates the biomass during the conveying process, thus... This invention enables the material inside the hopper to be dispersed, achieving uniform distribution. Then, through a screw conveyor, it ensures that biomass raw materials can be transported evenly, stably, and reliably. This application provides a drying section for biomass preparation. An air inlet body, with its end face sealed to the outer periphery of the conveying section and its inner wall maintaining a gap with the conveying section, forms a unidirectional airflow channel through an air inlet penetrating the air inlet body. This ensures that high-temperature gas enters the drying furnace cavity unidirectionally after passing through the air inlet. A first temperature probe installed in the airflow channel allows for real-time monitoring of the temperature of the high-temperature gas entering the drying furnace cavity, ensuring drying efficiency and improving the drying effect of the biomass raw materials. An air inlet hood, which maintains an air seal with the air inlet mechanism and the drying furnace, and an air inlet pipe extending radially along the drying furnace, provide a channel for external gas.For example, by introducing external nitrogen, the amount of oxygen entering the drying furnace cavity with the biomass raw materials can be reduced. Timed nitrogen injection can also clean the drying furnace cavity, quickly removing residual combustible dust. Furthermore, it can be linked with a flame detector; when a flame is detected inside the drying furnace, the hot air inlet is closed, and nitrogen is automatically introduced. This cleans the combustible dust while simultaneously filling the drying furnace cavity with nitrogen, automatically extinguishing the flame and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the production process. The carbonization section provided in this application features a volume-reduced top design for the bottom furnace chamber, facilitating the convergence of heated airflow from the bottom furnace chamber at the top, ensuring the continuity and stability of the airflow flowing upwards through the narrow vent. The coaxial arrangement of the tubes with the upper furnace chamber enhances the furnace tube... The uniformity of the heated surface area on the outer periphery of the furnace tube improves the consistency of temperature distribution across the furnace tube cross-section, thereby ensuring the consistency of the quality of biomass hard carbon materials. By dividing the bottom and upper furnace chambers into corresponding thermally isolated temperature zones, precise control of the heating temperature in different zones of the furnace tube can be achieved. This effectively solves the problem in traditional processes where a single temperature zone cannot be used for local temperature regulation, thus ensuring the uniformity and consistency of temperature distribution across the furnace tube cross-section, and significantly improving the quality of biomass hard carbon materials. The pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization of biomass raw materials in the furnace tube can be diverted into the heating mechanism. After complete combustion, the heat is diverted to the pretreatment and carbonization processes of biomass, thereby making full use of the pyrolysis gas and significantly reducing the processing cost of biomass raw materials.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0066] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A biomass hard carbon preparation system and pre-carbonization process, characterized in that, The hard carbon preparation system includes: The crushing section (10) is used to crush biomass raw materials; The feeding section (20) transfers and transports the crushed biomass raw materials for subsequent processing; The drying section (30) is used to pre-dry biomass raw materials; The carbonization section (40) heats the biomass raw material at high temperature to complete the carbonization process; Cooler (50) is used to cool the carbonized product and complete the preparation of hard carbon from biomass; Boiler (60) is used to convert the heat generated by biomass into steam; The process flow of the pre-carbonization treatment includes: Material process flow: After the biomass raw material enters the crushing section (10), it undergoes pre-treatment of granulation. Under the action of the feeding section (20), it enters the drying section (30) evenly. After contact with high temperature gas, its moisture is evaporated and the moisture content is reduced. Then it enters the carbonization section (40) and is transformed into hard carbon precursor after high temperature carbonization. It is then transferred to the cooler (50) and cooled to room temperature before being packaged. Heat process flow: Under the continuous high temperature of the carbonization section (40), the biomass raw material releases cracked gas and generates a large amount of heat through full combustion. Some of the heat enters the drying section (30) with the gas to continuously provide high temperature gas to the drying section (30). The remaining heat enters the boiler (60) to generate steam, which is then utilized. Exhaust gas treatment process: After heat exchange, the gas from the drying section (30) and the boiler (60) enters the exhaust gas treatment system and is discharged after being treated to meet the standards.

2. The preparation system and pre-carbonization process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the gas process, the high-temperature gas that has completed heat exchange with the biomass raw material from inside the carbonization section (40) passes through the drying section (30) and is then purified by the tail gas treatment system before being discharged.

3. The preparation system and pre-carbonization process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The drying section (30) is a rotary drying device. The biomass raw material is in full contact with the high-temperature gas inside the drying section (30). After 1-2 hours of drying, the moisture content is less than 10%.

4. The preparation system and pre-carbonization process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonization section (40) is a working area that is thermally isolated from each other and can be independently temperature controlled. After carbonization for 1-4 hours at a temperature not exceeding 800°C, a hard carbon precursor is extracted.

5. The preparation system and pre-carbonization process according to claim 4, characterized in that, During the carbonization process, the amount of biomass volatilization is controlled between 8% and 30%.

6. The preparation system and pre-carbonization process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam pressure inside the boiler (60) is controlled at 0.6Mpa-0.8Mpa, and the temperature is controlled between 150℃-200℃.

7. The preparation system and pre-carbonization process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding unit (20) includes a drive mechanism (22), a hopper (23), and a conveying mechanism (24) mounted on a mounting base (21). The mounting base (21) is a support made of welded steel profiles, which has sufficient rigidity to load and withstand uncertain positional loads. The hopper (23) is fixed to the top surface of the mounting base (21) and extends along the length of the mounting base (21). The drive mechanism (22) is fixed on the mounting base (21) and located at the end of the hopper (23). One end of the conveying mechanism (24) is connected to the drive mechanism, and the other end, which is opposite to it, passes through the hopper (23) and extends along the length of the hopper (23). The conveying mechanism (24) includes at least two sets of conveying components. The conveying components include two sets of spiral conveying shafts with the same rotation direction and synchronous frequency. The axes of the spiral conveying shafts are parallel and spaced apart.

8. The preparation system and pre-carbonization process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying section (30) includes a drying furnace (31), an air inlet mechanism (32), and a discharge mechanism (33). The input end of the drying furnace (31) is connected to the output end of the feeding section (20), and the output end of the drying furnace (31) is connected to the discharge mechanism (33). The air inlet mechanism (32) is sleeved around the outer periphery of the feeding section (20) and forms a unidirectional airflow channel with the inner cavity of the drying furnace (31) and the discharge mechanism (33).

9. The preparation system and pre-carbonization process according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbonization section (40) includes a furnace tube (41), a heating mechanism (42), and a heating mechanism (43). The heating mechanism (42) is a cavity with an internal storage space. The furnace tube (41) passes through the internal cavity of the heating mechanism (42) and is configured to exchange heat with the airflow inside the internal cavity of the heating mechanism (42). The heating mechanism (43) is located at the bottom of the heating mechanism (42) and is configured to communicate with the internal cavity of the heating mechanism (42).

10. The preparation system and pre-carbonization process according to claim 9, characterized in that, The temperature of the heating mechanism (43) is controlled between 850℃ and 1200℃, and the combustion time is not less than 3 seconds.

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