Fault processing evaluation method and device of relay protection secondary system, and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault processing evaluation method and device for a relay protection secondary system and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and obtaining the personnel attribute information of relay protection operation and maintenance personnel; based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, constructing a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system capable of displaying the electrical parameter vector distribution information and the electrical parameter intensity information; based on the personnel attribute information, selecting a relay protection secondary system fault scene in a relay protection secondary system fault library; based on a relay protection secondary system fault scene, driving the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform fault demonstration, performing fault processing in the three-dimensional scene simulation model by relay protection operation and maintenance personnel in a fault demonstration process, and acquiring fault processing operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel; and determining a fault processing effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel based on the fault processing operation information.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of relay protection, in particular to a fault handling evaluation method and device of a relay protection secondary system and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] The relay protection secondary system is the "nerve center" and "last line of defense" of the safe and stable operation of the power grid. In the operation and maintenance of the power system, the relay protection secondary system plays a crucial role, which can quickly and accurately remove faulty equipment to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system. Relay protection operation and maintenance personnel are the key force to ensure the normal operation of the relay protection secondary system, and their fault handling capability directly affects the reliability of the power system.

[0003] Currently, operation and maintenance personnel are usually arranged to the actual relay protection secondary system site for simple fault troubleshooting and handling, and the fault handling effect is detected based on the handling of the operation and maintenance personnel. However, different operation and maintenance personnel may be responsible for handling different types of faults, and the on-site operation is limited by the actual equipment operating conditions and fault occurrence frequency, and the fault scenarios that the operation and maintenance personnel can access are limited, which leads to the inability to detect the fault handling effect of the operation and maintenance personnel, for example, the personnel responsible for handling A type faults encountered B type faults in on-site operation, which leads to the inability to effectively detect the fault handling effect of the personnel. At the same time, if the operation and maintenance personnel make a mistake during operation, it may cause a power system failure, and even cause equipment damage. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a fault handling evaluation method and device of a relay protection secondary system and a storage medium, which can improve the evaluation accuracy of the fault handling effect of the relay protection secondary system, ensure the stable operation of the power system, and avoid physical equipment damage.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, a fault handling evaluation method of a relay protection secondary system is provided, comprising: Obtaining device structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of a relay protection secondary system, and obtaining personnel attribute information of a relay protection operation and maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system; Based on the device structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system capable of displaying electrical parameter vector distribution information and electrical parameter intensity information is constructed; Based on the personnel attribute information, a relay protection secondary system fault scene suitable for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is selected from a relay protection secondary system fault library; drive the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform dynamic fault demonstration to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel based on the relay protection secondary system fault scene, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults for the fault demonstration process, and collect fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel; determine the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel based on the fault handling operation information.

[0006] Optionally, based on the device structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, the three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system capable of displaying electrical parameter vector distribution information and electrical parameter intensity information is constructed, including: based on the device structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, an initial three-dimensional scene simulation model is constructed; based on the electrical parameters of the relay protection secondary system provided by the simulation engine, the width information and color information of the color strip to be generated representing the electrical parameters are determined, and based on the width information and the color information, the dynamic flowing color light belt representing the electrical parameter vector distribution information and the electrical parameter intensity information is generated between the wiring terminals of the initial three-dimensional scene simulation model. The initial three-dimensional scene simulation model with the color light belt is taken as the three-dimensional scene simulation model.

[0007] Optionally, the method further includes: determine the power primary equipment protected by the relay protection secondary system, construct a three-dimensional power primary equipment simulation model of the power primary equipment, determine a power primary equipment fault scene of the power primary equipment suitable for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, and based on the power primary equipment fault scene, perform fault simulation of the power primary equipment based on the three-dimensional power primary equipment simulation model; determine each independent node in the three-dimensional power primary equipment simulation model after fault simulation, and determine the resistance value and reactance value of each independent node, based on the resistance value and the reactance value, determine the node admittance of the corresponding node; based on the node admittance, determine the node self-admittance of each independent node and the node mutual admittance between nodes, based on the node self-admittance and the node mutual admittance, determine the node admittance matrix of the power primary equipment; determine the zero elements and non-zero elements in the node admittance matrix, based on the zero elements and the non-zero elements, perform sparse processing on the node admittance matrix to obtain a sparse node admittance matrix; The sparse node admittance matrix is ​​divided into multiple sub-sparse node admittance matrices, and a corresponding processor is assigned to each sub-sparse node admittance matrix. Multiple processors are scheduled to perform parallel matrix solving on the corresponding sub-sparse node admittance matrices. Based on the parallel matrix solving results of each processor, the node current and node voltage of each independent node in the three-dimensional power primary equipment simulation model after fault simulation are determined. Based on the node current and the node voltage, the fault protection simulation of the primary power equipment is performed in the three-dimensional scene simulation model, and the fault protection simulation process of the secondary system of the relay protection is displayed to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel in real time.

[0008] Optionally, determining the fault handling effectiveness of the relay protection maintenance personnel based on the fault handling operation information includes: Based on the fault handling operation information, the completeness, accuracy, sequence, and timeliness of the fault handling for secondary system faults of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel are determined. The integrity assessment value of the fault handling integrity information, the accuracy assessment value of the fault handling accuracy information, the sequential assessment value of the fault handling sequence information, and the timeliness assessment value of the fault handling timeliness information are determined respectively. The weighting coefficients corresponding to the integrity assessment value, the accuracy assessment value, the sequence assessment value, and the timeliness assessment value are determined respectively. Based on the weighting coefficients, the integrity assessment value, the accuracy assessment value, the sequence assessment value, and the timeliness assessment value are weighted and summed to obtain a comprehensive assessment value. Based on the comprehensive assessment value, the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is determined.

[0009] Optionally, after determining the fault handling effectiveness of the relay protection maintenance personnel based on the comprehensive evaluation value, the method further includes: The integrity feature vector corresponding to the fault handling integrity information, the accuracy feature vector corresponding to the fault handling accuracy information, the sequence feature vector corresponding to the fault handling sequence information, and the timeliness feature vector corresponding to the fault handling timeliness information are determined respectively. The integrity feature vector, accuracy feature vector, sequential feature vector, and timeliness feature vector are combined using feature dimensions to obtain a feature combination vector. The integrity feature vector, accuracy feature vector, sequential feature vector, and timeliness feature vector are combined using component dimensions to obtain a component combination vector. The integrity feature vector, accuracy feature vector, sequential feature vector, and timeliness feature vector are combined using basic dimensions to obtain a basic combination vector. The feature combination vector, the component combination vector, and the basic combination vector are transformed to obtain the fault handling effect combination vector. The combined vector of fault handling effects is input into a preset defect prediction model to predict defect points, thereby obtaining the fault handling defect points of the relay protection secondary system for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel. The learning resources and training tasks corresponding to the defect points are determined, and the learning resources and training tasks are sent to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel terminal so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel at the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel terminal can learn the fault handling of the relay protection secondary system based on the learning resources and training tasks.

[0010] Optionally, based on the fault scenarios of the relay protection secondary system, the three-dimensional scenario simulation model is driven to perform dynamic fault demonstrations for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, including: Determine the fault configuration file and fault data file in the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system, and parse the channel information, sampling parameters and fault triggering conditions of the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system from the fault configuration file; Based on the channel information, the sampling parameters, and the fault triggering conditions, the actual fault recording data of the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system is determined; The actual fault recording data is imported into the three-dimensional scene simulation model to dynamically demonstrate the faults in the secondary system of the relay protection.

[0011] Optionally, the relay protection maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with the fault during the fault demonstration process, including: In response to the fault handling signal from the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel for the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults, the fault handling function module group is displayed. In response to the drag-and-drop operation of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel on each fault handling function module in the fault handling function module group, the target fault handling function module selected by the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel for fault handling in the fault handling function module group is obtained. Based on the target fault handling function module, a fault handling scheme is constructed for the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults. Based on the target fault handling function module, fault simulation processing code of the fault handling scheme is generated and executed to realize the fault handling of the relay protection secondary system in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a fault handling and assessment apparatus for a relay protection secondary system is provided, comprising: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and to acquire the personnel attribute information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system. The construction unit is used to construct a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, which can display the vector distribution information of electrical parameters and the intensity information of electrical parameters; The selection unit is used to select a relay protection secondary system fault scenario that is compatible with the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel from the relay protection secondary system fault database based on the personnel attribute information. The fault handling unit is used to drive the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform dynamic fault demonstration to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel based on the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with fault during the fault demonstration process, and collect the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel. The determining unit is used to determine the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel based on the fault handling operation information.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described fault handling and evaluation method for a secondary relay protection system.

[0014] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the above-described fault handling and evaluation method for a secondary relay protection system.

[0015] The present invention provides a fault handling assessment method, device, and storage medium for a relay protection secondary system. Compared with the current method of sending maintenance personnel to the actual relay protection secondary system site for simple fault diagnosis and handling, and evaluating the fault handling effect based on the handling performance of the maintenance personnel, the present invention obtains the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and obtains the personnel attribute information of the relay protection maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system; based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, it constructs a relay protection secondary system capable of displaying electrical parameter vector distribution information and electrical parameter intensity information. The system employs a three-dimensional scene simulation model. Based on the personnel attribute information, a relay protection secondary system fault scenario suitable for the relay protection maintenance personnel is selected from the relay protection secondary system fault database. Based on the relay protection secondary system fault scenario, the three-dimensional scene simulation model is driven to dynamically demonstrate the fault to the relay protection maintenance personnel. The personnel then handle the fault in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with the fault, and the fault handling operation information of the personnel is collected. Based on the fault handling operation information, the fault handling effect of the personnel is determined. Therefore, by constructing a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system that can display vector distribution information and intensity information of electrical parameters, the dynamic processes such as current and voltage flow paths, excitation and demagnetization of relay coils, and opening and closing of contacts can be displayed in real time and continuously. This helps maintenance personnel shift their understanding of the principles from points to lines and surfaces, thus improving their comprehension. Furthermore, the constructed three-dimensional scene simulation model can realistically reproduce the equipment structure and spatial environment of the relay protection secondary system, allowing maintenance personnel to intuitively observe the layout and connections of the equipment as if they were on-site, enhancing their overall understanding of the system and thereby improving their skills. This comprehensive understanding of faults by maintenance personnel can improve the accuracy of fault handling assessments. Operating on 3D scene simulation models can avoid impacting the stable operation of the power system and prevent damage to physical equipment. By selecting fault scenarios suitable for relay protection maintenance personnel, targeted testing can be conducted, avoiding wasted time and resources on inappropriate scenarios, thus improving the accuracy of fault handling assessments. Furthermore, 3D scene simulation models can simulate various fault scenarios, enabling more comprehensive fault handling testing of maintenance personnel within their respective fields, thereby improving the accuracy of fault handling assessments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart of a fault handling and evaluation method for a relay protection secondary system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 This invention provides a flowchart of another fault handling and evaluation method for a relay protection secondary system. Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a fault handling and evaluation device for a relay protection secondary system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of another fault handling and evaluation device for a relay protection secondary system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the physical structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present application can be combined with each other.

[0018] Currently, the usual practice is to send maintenance personnel to the actual relay protection secondary system site to conduct simple fault diagnosis and handling, and then test the effectiveness of their fault handling based on their handling. Different maintenance personnel may be responsible for handling different types of faults. On-site practice is limited by the actual equipment operating conditions and the frequency of fault occurrence, and the fault scenarios that maintenance personnel can access are limited, which makes it impossible to conduct targeted fault handling effectiveness testing for maintenance personnel.

[0019] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a fault handling and assessment method for a relay protection secondary system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: 101. Obtain the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and obtain the personnel attribute information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system.

[0020] Among them, equipment structure data refers to information such as the physical composition, connection relationship and spatial layout of each device in the relay protection secondary system; three-dimensional attribute data refers to information such as the overall and basic geometric shape of each component of the relay protection secondary system; personnel attribute information includes the age of relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, their specific fault maintenance areas related to the relay protection secondary system, years of work experience, project experience, fault handling experience, skill level and other information; the relay protection secondary system includes equipment such as instrument transformers, terminal boxes, protection cabinets and so on.

[0021] 102. Based on equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data, construct a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system that can display the vector distribution information of electrical parameters and the intensity information of electrical parameters.

[0022] For this embodiment of the invention, the scope of the 3D simulation scene is determined based on the actual layout of the relay protection secondary system, including areas such as the control room and relay protection room. The main equipment, such as protection cabinets and control panels, is rationally arranged in the scene according to their actual installation positions and spacing. For example, in the control room scene, multiple protection cabinets are arranged neatly in rows and columns according to the design drawings, with the aisle width between the cabinets set to 1000mm. Creating the basic scene environment: Basic environmental elements, such as the ground, walls, and ceiling, are added to the 3D scene, and their materials and colors are set to make them closer to the actual environment. For example, the control room floor is set to an anti-static floor material with a gray color; the walls are set to a white latex paint material. Equipment model import and positioning: Model import: The pre-processed 3D equipment model is imported into the 3D scene building software. During the import process, the integrity and accuracy of the model are ensured to avoid model deformation or missing parts. Precise positioning: Based on the equipment position information recorded in the equipment structure data, the equipment model is precisely positioned and adjusted in the 3D scene to match its actual installation position. For example, based on the measured coordinates of the protection cabinet, the cabinet model is accurately placed in the corresponding position in the 3D scene. Electrical Parameter Information Integration and Display: Electrical Parameter Data Acquisition: Real-time Monitoring System Access: Interfacing with the real-time monitoring system of the relay protection secondary system to acquire real-time data of electrical parameters, such as current, voltage, and power. Real-time data transmission and acquisition are achieved through communication protocols. Historical Data Analysis and Processing: Collecting historical operating data of the relay protection secondary system, analyzing and processing the data, and extracting useful electrical parameter information, such as changes in electrical parameters during faults. Electrical Parameter Vector Distribution Information Display: Vector Calculation and Generation: Based on the acquired electrical parameter data, vector calculations are performed to generate the vector distribution information of the electrical parameters. For example, for current parameters, their vector representation in space is calculated based on the magnitude and direction of the current. Visualization Display: In the 3D scene, the vector distribution of electrical parameters is displayed using visualization methods such as arrows and streamlines. The length of the arrow indicates the magnitude of the electrical parameter, and the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the electrical parameter. For example, on the secondary circuit between protection cabinets, colored arrows are used to display the vector distribution of the current, with red arrows indicating the current direction, and the arrow length being proportional to the current magnitude. Electrical Parameter Intensity Information Display: Intensity Grading and Mapping: Electrical parameters are graded, establishing a mapping relationship between their intensity and visual attributes such as color and transparency. For example, current intensity is divided into low, medium, and high levels, each corresponding to a different color; the higher the current intensity, the darker the color. Intensity Display Implementation: In a 3D scene, equipment or circuits are colored according to the electrical parameter intensity grading results, intuitively displaying the intensity information of electrical parameters. For example, circuits with high current are highlighted in red, allowing maintenance personnel to quickly identify areas with high electrical parameter intensity.Model Validation and Optimization: Simulated Fault Scenario Testing: Various fault scenarios in the secondary relay protection system, such as short-circuit faults and grounding faults, are simulated in a 3D scene simulation model. The model's ability to accurately display the vector distribution and intensity information of electrical parameters, and to reflect the impact of the fault on the system, is checked. For example, when simulating a short-circuit fault on a line, the changes in the current vector and the displayed current intensity in the model are observed to ensure they match reality. The results of the 3D scene simulation model are compared with the actual operating data of the secondary relay protection system to verify the model's accuracy and reliability. If discrepancies are found between the model and the actual system, the causes are analyzed, and adjustments and optimizations are made.

[0023] In another embodiment of the present invention, the relay protection secondary system protects primary power equipment. To improve the operation and maintenance capabilities of maintenance personnel, a three-dimensional simulation model of the relay protection secondary system corresponding to the primary power equipment can be constructed to simulate the relay protection secondary system's protection against faults in the primary power equipment. Based on this, the method includes: determining the primary power equipment protected by the relay protection secondary system; constructing a three-dimensional simulation model of the primary power equipment; determining a primary power equipment fault scenario suitable for the relay protection maintenance personnel; and simulating the fault of the primary power equipment based on the three-dimensional simulation model of the primary power equipment based on the fault scenario; determining each independent node in the three-dimensional simulation model of the primary power equipment after fault simulation, and determining the resistance and reactance values ​​of each independent node; determining the node admittance of the corresponding node based on the resistance and reactance values; and determining the node admittance of each node based on the node admittance. The node admittance matrix of the primary power equipment is determined based on the node self-admittance of independent nodes and the node mutual admittance between nodes. The zero and non-zero elements in the node admittance matrix are then determined, and the node admittance matrix is ​​sparsified based on these elements to obtain a sparsified node admittance matrix. This sparsified node admittance matrix is ​​further divided into multiple sub-sparse node admittance matrices, and a corresponding processor is assigned to each sub-sparse node admittance matrix. Multiple processors are scheduled to perform parallel matrix solving on the corresponding sub-sparse node admittance matrices. Based on the parallel matrix solving results of each processor, the node current and node voltage of each independent node in the three-dimensional simulation model of the primary power equipment after fault simulation are determined. Based on the node current and node voltage, a fault protection simulation of the primary power equipment is performed in the three-dimensional scene simulation model, and the fault protection simulation process of the secondary relay protection system is displayed in real time to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel.

[0024] Specifically, a comprehensive training platform employing a hybrid B / S and C / S architecture achieves high-performance real-time simulation and multi-terminal collaboration through distributed system design. The system comprises three core components: a 3D simulation front-end, a real-time simulation computing engine, and a teaching management cloud platform. Modules communicate via standardized data interfaces to ensure system scalability and stability. The 3D simulation front-end is equipped with a high-precision 3D equipment model library. For example, taking the secondary relay protection system and primary power equipment in a substation as examples, a complete 3D simulation model of substation equipment is established (including a 3D simulation model of the primary power equipment and a 3D scene simulation model of the secondary relay protection system), encompassing five major categories of core equipment: instrument transformers, terminal boxes, protection cabinets, main transformers, and gantry cranes. Among these, the instrument transformer model utilizes multi-layer material rendering technology to accurately reproduce the epoxy resin cast insulator and silicon steel core structure, supporting the visualization of inter-turn short-circuit faults in the internal windings. The protection cabinet model features a fully interactive design, including a removable microprocessor-based protection device, a rotatable pressure plate switch, and a detachable terminal block. Each terminal supports virtual wiring operations. The main transformer integrates a temperature field distribution visualization function, which can dynamically display the temperature changes of winding hot spots. The supporting cooling system supports real-time feedback of start-stop status. All models adopt parametric modeling methods, and key dimensions and equipment parameters can be adjusted through configuration files to easily adapt to the simulation needs of different voltage levels and manufacturers' equipment.

[0025] Specifically, in substations, the secondary relay protection system primarily protects primary power equipment including main transformers, transmission lines, busbars, circuit breakers, and disconnectors. Taking the main transformer as an example, potential faults include phase-to-phase short circuits, turn-to-turn short circuits, ground faults, overloads, and excessively high oil temperatures. Transmission lines may experience short circuits (three-phase, two-phase, two-phase-to-ground, and single-phase-to-ground faults) and open-circuit faults. These faults pose a serious threat to the safe and stable operation of the power system. The role of the secondary relay protection system is to act quickly and accurately when a fault occurs, disconnecting the faulty equipment or issuing an alarm signal. Constructing 3D Simulation Models for Primary Power Equipment: Taking the main transformer as an example, a precise 3D model is constructed using 3D modeling software. This model details the transformer's external structure, including the shape, size, and positional relationships of components such as the tank, radiator, bushings, and oil conservator. Internal structures, such as winding methods and core structure, are also considered. Although internal structures are not visible externally, accurate modeling in the simulation model helps to more realistically simulate their electrical characteristics. For transmission lines, 3D models are constructed including towers, conductors, and insulators, considering factors such as conductor sag and the mechanical structure of towers. Determining Fault Scenarios for Primary Power Equipment Suitable for Relay Protection Maintenance Personnel: Based on the actual work needs, skill levels, maintenance types, and knowledge reserves of relay protection maintenance personnel, fault scenarios are determined. For example, for a main transformer, a fault scenario of an inter-turn short circuit in an internal winding is set up. It is assumed that during the operation of the main transformer, due to insulation aging or other reasons, an inter-turn short circuit occurs within a winding, causing a change in the winding's impedance and generating an unbalanced current. For transmission lines, a fault scenario of a single-phase ground fault is set up, such as a short circuit between a phase conductor and the ground caused by lightning strikes or external damage. Fault simulation is performed based on a three-dimensional power primary equipment simulation model: the determined fault scenario is input into the three-dimensional simulation software, and the software's electrical simulation function is used to simulate the inter-turn short circuit fault of the main transformer. In the simulation model, the parameters of the short-circuited winding are changed to simulate the changes in electrical characteristics during an inter-turn short circuit, such as increased current and decreased voltage. For a single-phase ground fault in a transmission line, a corresponding short-circuit point is set in the model to simulate the distribution of short-circuit current and changes in voltage. Through the visualization function of the simulation software, the changes in electrical parameters and physical phenomena of the equipment during a fault can be seen intuitively, such as the heating of the main transformer winding and the arcing of the transmission line. Afterwards, Ou determined each independent node in the three-dimensional power primary equipment simulation model after fault simulation, and determined the resistance and reactance values ​​of each independent node. In the three-dimensional power primary equipment simulation model after fault simulation, the equipment is divided into multiple independent nodes. For the main transformer, the endpoints of each winding, the grounding point of the iron core, etc. can be used as independent nodes; for the transmission line, the conductor can be divided into multiple nodes at certain intervals.Using electrical parameter calculation software or based on the actual parameters of the equipment, determine the resistance value R and reactance value X of each independent node. For example, for a main transformer winding node, calculate its resistance value based on factors such as the winding material, cross-sectional area, and length, and calculate its reactance value based on the winding inductance coefficient. Then, calculate the node admittance Y according to the following formula:

[0026] Furthermore, nodal self-admittance refers to the sum of the admittances of all branches directly connected to a given node. For example, for a winding node of a main transformer, its self-admittance is the sum of the admittance of that winding itself and the mutual admittances between it and other connected windings. Nodal mutual admittance refers to the negative value of the branch admittance between two nodes. For example, the mutual admittance between two different winding nodes of a main transformer is the negative value of the admittance of the branches connecting them. Based on the definitions of nodal self-admittance and nodal mutual admittance, a node admittance matrix is ​​constructed. For a system with n nodes, the node admittance matrix is ​​an n×n square matrix. The node admittance matrix contains a large number of zero elements because a node is usually only directly connected to a few other nodes. For example, in a large substation, a device node may only have electrical connections with a few adjacent device nodes and not be directly connected to most other nodes, resulting in zero elements in the corresponding admittance matrix. Based on the distribution of zero and non-zero elements, the node admittance matrix is ​​sparsified, storing only non-zero elements and their location information, reducing storage space and computational load. For example, sparse matrix storage formats (such as CSR, CSC, etc.) can be used to store the sparsified node admittance matrix. The sparsified node admittance matrix can be divided into multiple sub-sparse node admittance matrices, and the partitioning method can be optimized based on the matrix structure and computational resources. For example, partitioning can be based on the geographical location or electrical connection of the nodes, ensuring a relatively balanced computational load for each sub-matrix. A corresponding processor can be allocated to each sub-sparse node admittance matrix. Multi-core computers or distributed computing systems can be used to schedule multiple processors to simultaneously perform parallel matrix solving on the corresponding sub-sparse node admittance matrices, for example, using parallel iterative algorithms to solve linear equation systems. ,in, Let V be the sparse node admittance matrix, V be the node voltage vector, and I be the node current vector. Based on the parallel matrix solving results of each processor, the node current and node voltage of each independent node in the 3D simulation model of the primary power equipment after fault simulation are obtained. These electrical parameters are input into the 3D scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system, and the visualization function of the simulation software is used to perform fault protection simulation. For example, in the scenario of inter-turn short circuit fault in the main transformer, the operation process of relay protection devices (such as differential protection, gas protection, etc.) is simulated. When a fault current or gas signal is detected, the protection device issues a trip command to disconnect the faulty transformer. At the same time, the fault protection simulation process is displayed to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel in real time. Through 3D animation, data charts, etc., the location of the fault, the change of electrical parameters, and the operation of the protection device are presented intuitively, helping the operation and maintenance personnel to better understand and master the working principle and fault handling methods of the relay protection system.

[0027] In another embodiment of the invention, the protection logic simulation of the integrated training platform with a hybrid B / S and C / S architecture can incorporate state compression technology to transform complex relay action logic into efficient bit operations, achieving millisecond-level multi-protection coordination simulation. Electromagnetic transient process simulation employs the adaptive step-size Runge-Kutta method, automatically switching to small-step calculations during critical periods such as fault occurrence and clearing, ensuring accurate reproduction of transient processes. Furthermore, a complete COMTRADE 2013 standard-compatible module can be developed, supporting the import of actual fault waveform data for simulation reproduction, including complete parsing of configuration files (.cfg) and data files (.dat). The export function supports user-defined sampling rates and channel configurations, capable of recording any electrical quantity changes during the simulation process and generating fault waveform files conforming to power industry standards. A comparative analysis tool for waveform data and simulation results is provided, supporting waveform overlay display and difference quantification analysis. A complete model library encompassing traditional relay protection and intelligent protection algorithms is constructed: Basic protection module: overcurrent protection (including definite-time and inverse-time characteristics), differential protection (ratio braking characteristic), distance protection (polygonal characteristic); Advanced protection module: adaptive protection, traveling wave protection, fault location algorithm. A custom protection development environment is provided: a graphical protection logic editor allows users to create new protection schemes by dragging and dropping function blocks, with the system automatically generating corresponding simulation code. A teaching management module employs a hierarchical permission design for maintenance personnel, supporting three-level permission control: super administrator, trainers, and learning maintenance personnel. It provides batch template import and automatic generation of maintenance personnel numbers. Course and task management achieves full-process digitalization, supporting training outline editing, training resource association, practical training task publishing, and progress tracking. The system provides a standard course template library, covering a complete training system from basic theory to advanced applications. The data dashboard adopts a multi-dimensional visualization design, integrating various analytical charts such as learning progress radar charts, training outcome distribution histograms, and knowledge point mastery heatmaps, supporting filtering by time, major, class, and other conditions.

[0028] This invention utilizes 3D modeling technology to transform abstract electrical symbols (such as relays and circuit breakers) into three-dimensional equipment models, dynamically displaying current paths, control signal transmission, and protection logic action sequences. This allows maintenance personnel to intuitively understand the interaction between energy flow and information flow. For example, current flow can be simulated as a dynamic light strip, triggering equipment highlighting and animation effects (such as circuit breaker tripping) when protection actions are performed.

[0029] 103. Based on personnel attribute information, select a relay protection secondary system fault scenario that is compatible with the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel from the relay protection secondary system fault database.

[0030] The relay protection secondary system fault database stores fault scenarios corresponding to various fault types in the relay protection secondary system. Each fault scenario includes a fault description, cause analysis, and other information. For example, the fault scenario is: "A 220kV line protection device displays a phase A current sampling value of 0.02A (normally it should be ≥2A)." The cause analysis is: "Possibly due to an open circuit in the CT secondary circuit or a fault in the sampling module."

[0031] To reasonably and accurately evaluate the fault handling effectiveness of maintenance personnel, it is necessary to select fault scenarios suitable for the personnel from the relay protection secondary system fault database. For example, if the maintenance personnel's skill level is intermediate, then fault scenarios suitable for intermediate skill levels should be selected. This embodiment of the invention, by selecting fault scenarios suitable for relay protection maintenance personnel, enables targeted testing of maintenance personnel, avoiding wasting time and resources on inappropriate scenarios, thereby improving the accuracy of the handling effectiveness evaluation.

[0032] 104. Based on the fault scenarios of the secondary system of relay protection, drive the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform dynamic fault demonstrations to relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults during the fault demonstration process, and collect the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the fault development process is automatically played according to a preset script: Fault Trigger: At 0 seconds, a CT disconnection is simulated, and the device's LCD screen displays "Sampling Abnormality"; Phenomenon Spread: After 5 seconds, the differential protection activates, the trip output relay engages, simulating a circuit breaker trip; Consequence Display: After 10 seconds, an overload alarm for adjacent lines is displayed, simulating the scope of the fault's impact. For example, when demonstrating a "power supply fault in a 220kV line protection device," the entire process of the power module from normal operation to overheating and burning out is automatically played, accompanied by smoke effects. Maintenance personnel can control the demonstration progress via a handle or keyboard: Pause / Continue: The device status can be paused at any time; Step-by-Step Operation: Press the "Next" button to display the fault phenomena item by item (e.g., first display the alarm light, then display the LCD screen message); Viewpoint Switching: The observation angle can be freely adjusted (e.g., viewing the device panel from the front, or viewing the secondary circuit wiring from the top). Multi-dimensional information presentation: Visual feedback: Faulty equipment is highlighted (e.g., a flashing red indicator for a broken CT wire); Dynamic data flow: Flowing arrows represent the transmission path of current / voltage sampling values; Alarm prompts: A pop-up window displays "Differential protection activated, please check the CT circuit." Auditory feedback: Device alarm sounds (e.g., a continuous "beep-beep-beep" sound indicates a serious fault); Voice prompts (e.g., "A-phase CT wire broken, please check X1 terminal block"). Furthermore, based on the above fault demonstration process, maintenance personnel can use a VR controller or touchscreen to simulate real operations. For example, terminal block inspection: Clicking the terminal block number will bring up a measurement interface displaying the resistance value (e.g., "X1:5-X1:6=∞Ω"); Device restart: Press and hold the device's "Reset" button for 3 seconds and observe the LCD screen's restart process; Setting modification: Input a new setting value via the virtual keyboard, and the system automatically verifies the setting range. Check the voltage sampling value (displaying "Uab=250kV, exceeding the limit by 10%), verify the overexcitation curve setting (current setting "1.1Un"), modify the setting to "1.15Un" and save, trigger the simulated overvoltage signal, and observe whether the protection is locked. During the above operations by the maintenance personnel, record the movement path of the maintenance personnel in the three-dimensional scene (e.g., "moving from cabinet 1 to cabinet 3 in 12 seconds"), record the operation focus (e.g., "staying at terminal block X1 for 35 seconds"), record the operation type (e.g., "measuring resistance", "modifying setting", "restarting device"), record the operation sequence (e.g., "checking terminal block first, then checking device log"), record the operation duration (e.g., "completing CT resistance measurement in 2 minutes and 15 seconds"), record the operation results: record whether the operation was successful (e.g., "resistance returned to normal after terminal block tightening") and record whether the fault was resolved (e.g., "device went online after restarting communication module"), and other fault handling operation information.

[0034] The simulation model in this invention allows maintenance personnel to freely switch perspectives (e.g., overhead view of primary equipment layout, side view of secondary circuit wiring), and view parameters (e.g., CT ratio, protection settings) by clicking on components, enhancing their understanding of the interrelationship between primary and secondary equipment. Logic dynamic simulation: A built-in protection logic engine simulates the action sequence under fault scenarios (e.g., short circuit) in real time, demonstrating the entire process from fault detection → protection activation → circuit breaker tripping, assisting maintenance personnel in mastering the timing coordination relationships.

[0035] In another embodiment of the invention, maintenance personnel construct a high-fidelity virtual relay protection secondary system using VR / AR technology. They can freely practice wiring, perform instrument tests (such as measuring secondary voltage with a multimeter), and even manually set faults (such as CT secondary open circuit). The system automatically generates safety alarms and consequence simulations, avoiding real-world operational risks. Fault reproduction and diagnosis: It supports the retrieval of typical fault libraries (such as PT disconnection, protection malfunction). Trainees can observe abnormal waveforms and device alarm information, and troubleshoot fault points through reverse operation, cultivating practical analytical skills. This approach reduces reliance on physical training equipment. The same platform can simulate multiple voltage levels (such as 10kV to 500kV), supporting multi-person collaborative training, significantly reducing training costs and improving resource utilization. This invention, through 3D dynamic visualization and virtual simulation, solves the pain points of traditional training—"cannot see, cannot touch, and dare not move"—combining intuitive training, operational safety, and comprehensive training.

[0036] 105. Based on fault handling operation information, determine the fault handling effectiveness of relay protection operation and maintenance personnel.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the effectiveness of maintenance personnel's handling of faults in the secondary relay protection system is ultimately evaluated based on their fault handling operation information. This embodiment constructs a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the secondary relay protection system capable of displaying vector distribution and intensity information of electrical parameters. This model can continuously and in real-time demonstrate the flow paths of current and voltage, the excitation and demagnetization of relay coils, and the opening and closing of contacts, helping maintenance personnel shift their understanding of the principles from specific points to lines and surfaces, thus improving their comprehension. Furthermore, the constructed three-dimensional scene simulation model realistically recreates the equipment structure and spatial environment of the secondary relay protection system, allowing maintenance personnel to intuitively observe the equipment layout and connections as if on-site, enhancing their overall understanding of the system and thereby improving operational efficiency. The comprehensive understanding of faults by maintenance personnel can improve the accuracy of fault handling evaluation. Operating on 3D scene simulation models can avoid impacting the stable operation of the power system and preventing damage to physical equipment. By selecting fault scenarios suitable for relay protection maintenance personnel, targeted testing can be conducted, avoiding wasting time and resources on inappropriate scenarios, thus improving the accuracy of fault handling evaluation. Furthermore, 3D scene simulation models can simulate various fault scenarios, enabling more comprehensive fault handling testing of maintenance personnel in their respective fields, thereby improving the accuracy of fault handling evaluation.

[0038] The fault handling assessment method for a relay protection secondary system provided by this invention, compared with the current method of sending maintenance personnel to the actual relay protection secondary system site for simple fault diagnosis and handling, and evaluating the fault handling effect based on the handling performance of the maintenance personnel, allows the present invention to obtain the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and obtain the personnel attribute information of the relay protection maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system; based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, a three-dimensional structure of the relay protection secondary system capable of displaying the vector distribution information and intensity information of electrical parameters is constructed. A 3D scene simulation model is used; based on the personnel attribute information, a relay protection secondary system fault scenario suitable for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is selected from the relay protection secondary system fault database; based on the relay protection secondary system fault scenario, the 3D scene simulation model is driven to dynamically demonstrate the fault to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the 3D scene simulation model with the fault during the fault demonstration process, and the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is collected; based on the fault handling operation information, the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is determined. Therefore, by constructing a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system that can display vector distribution information and intensity information of electrical parameters, the dynamic processes such as current and voltage flow paths, excitation and demagnetization of relay coils, and opening and closing of contacts can be displayed in real time and continuously. This helps maintenance personnel shift their understanding of the principles from points to lines and surfaces, thus improving their comprehension. Furthermore, the constructed three-dimensional scene simulation model can realistically reproduce the equipment structure and spatial environment of the relay protection secondary system, allowing maintenance personnel to intuitively observe the layout and connections of the equipment as if they were on-site, enhancing their overall understanding of the system and thereby improving their skills. This comprehensive understanding of faults by maintenance personnel can improve the accuracy of fault handling assessments. Operating on 3D scene simulation models can avoid impacting the stable operation of the power system and prevent damage to physical equipment. By selecting fault scenarios suitable for relay protection maintenance personnel, targeted testing can be conducted, avoiding wasted time and resources on inappropriate scenarios, thus improving the accuracy of fault handling assessments. Furthermore, 3D scene simulation models can simulate various fault scenarios, enabling more comprehensive fault handling testing of maintenance personnel within their respective fields, thereby improving the accuracy of fault handling assessments.

[0039] Furthermore, to better illustrate the above-described dynamic demonstration of the secondary principle of relay protection, and as a refinement and extension of the above embodiments, this invention provides another fault handling and evaluation method for a relay protection secondary system, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes: 201. Obtain the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and obtain the personnel attribute information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system.

[0040] 202. Based on equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data, construct a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system that can display the vector distribution information of electrical parameters and the intensity information of electrical parameters.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, in order to simulate the real operation scenario of the relay protection secondary system, it is first necessary to construct a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system. Based on this, step 202 specifically includes: constructing an initial three-dimensional scene simulation model based on the device structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data; determining the width and color information of the color strip to be generated representing the electrical parameters based on the electrical parameters provided by the simulation engine; generating a dynamically flowing color light strip representing the vector distribution information and intensity information of the electrical parameters between the terminals of the initial three-dimensional scene simulation model based on the width and color information; and using the initial three-dimensional scene simulation model with the color light strip as the three-dimensional scene simulation model.

[0042] Specifically, information such as the three-dimensional structural parameters of the relay protection secondary system and the connection relationships between its various components is collected. Based on this information, an initial three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system is constructed using three-dimensional simulation software. An electrical parameter interface is set up in the initial three-dimensional scene simulation model to receive the following data: current value: e.g., phase A current 5A (normal), 0A (open circuit fault); voltage value: e.g., bus voltage 110kV (normal), 132kV (overvoltage); power direction: e.g., forward power (flowing into the substation), reverse power (flowing out of the substation). Dynamically flowing colored light strips (colored bars) are generated between the terminals, with the strip width precisely corresponding to the current magnitude (e.g., 0-5A corresponds to a width of 1-10 pixels), and the colors using a standard power spectrum (e.g., phase A yellow, phase B green, phase C red). This yields the three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system. The equipment status linkage animation system establishes a complete equipment state machine model, and uses four levels of animation to display the relay coil excitation process: static state, start of excitation, full engagement, and holding state; the circuit breaker opening and closing actions accurately simulate the mechanical characteristics of the operating mechanism, including three stages: pre-compression, acceleration, and buffering. The virtual-real linkage system constructs an event-driven bidirectional communication mechanism. When any physical device is operated in the 3D scene simulation model (such as switching the protection pressure plate), the system automatically triggers the state update of the corresponding component in the 2D schematic diagram and recalculates the electrical state of the relevant circuit through topology analysis algorithms; conversely, when a fault point is set in the 2D schematic diagram, the corresponding device in the 3D scene immediately enters the fault manifestation state, such as insulator flashover, equipment local overheating, and other special effects.

[0043] 203. Based on personnel attribute information, select a relay protection secondary system fault scenario that is compatible with the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel from the relay protection secondary system fault database.

[0044] Specifically, based on information such as the age of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, their specific areas of fault maintenance related to the secondary system of relay protection, years of service, project experience, fault handling experience, and skill level, a relay protection secondary system fault scenario that is suitable for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is selected from the relay protection secondary system fault database.

[0045] 204. Based on the fault scenarios of the secondary system of relay protection, drive the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform dynamic fault demonstrations to relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults during the fault demonstration process, and collect the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, to evaluate the fault handling effectiveness of maintenance personnel, it is first necessary to drive a three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform a dynamic fault demonstration for relay protection maintenance personnel. Based on this, step 204 specifically includes: determining the fault configuration file and fault data file in the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system; parsing the channel information, sampling parameters, and fault triggering conditions of the relay protection secondary system fault scenario from the fault configuration file; determining the actual fault waveform data of the relay protection secondary system fault scenario based on the channel information, the sampling parameters, and the fault triggering conditions; and importing the actual fault waveform data into the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform a dynamic demonstration of the relay protection secondary system fault.

[0047] Among them, fault configuration files, such as .cfg files, are text or XML files that describe the logical rules of fault scenarios in the secondary system of relay protection. They contain key configuration information such as channel mapping, sampling parameters, and triggering conditions, which are equivalent to the "script" of the fault scenario, guiding the system on how to simulate the fault occurrence process. Fault data files, such as .dat files, are files that record the actual sampled data of the secondary system of relay protection during the fault process, containing time-series current, voltage and other parameter values.

[0048] Specifically, the fault configuration file parses channel information describing the mapping relationship between data acquisition channels and physical devices, including channel ID, associated devices, parameter types (such as current / voltage), and turns ratio. Simultaneously, it parses sampling parameters such as data acquisition frequency, accuracy, and filtering rules. Furthermore, it parses fault triggering conditions such as the logic rules for protection actions of the relay protection secondary system, fault types, operators, and fault thresholds. For example, the triggering condition might be: differential current to braking current ratio > 1.2 for 20ms. Furthermore, based on channel information, the sampling parameters, and the fault triggering conditions, time axis markers can be generated: for example, 0-80ms: normal state, 80-120ms: fault development (harmonic blocking), 120-140ms: blocking released, differential current meets conditions, 140ms: protection action output, etc.; waveform characteristics: for example, CH1 (high voltage side current), before 80ms: 5A sine wave, after 80ms: 80A fundamental wave + 6A second harmonic (distorted waveform), CH2 (low voltage side current), always 160A pure sine wave, etc.; differential current: for example, before 80ms: 0A, after 80ms: 40A fundamental wave + 6A second harmonic (distorted waveform), CH2 (low voltage side current), always 160A pure sine wave, etc. 6A second harmonic, 120ms later: 40A pure fundamental wave (harmonic disappearance) and other actual fault waveform data. Then, the actual fault waveform data is imported into the three-dimensional scene simulation model to dynamically reproduce the fault of the relay protection secondary system. For example, after the actual fault waveform data is imported, the amplitude of the high voltage side current (CH1) suddenly increases to 50A (short circuit current) and the phase shifts to 30° (fault impedance angle). Due to the transformer ratio, the amplitude of the low voltage side current (CH2) increases to 100A, but the phase is still 0°.

[0049] Furthermore, after driving the 3D scene simulation model to perform a dynamic fault demonstration for relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, it is also necessary for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel to perform fault handling in the 3D scene simulation model with faults during the fault demonstration process. Based on this, step 204 specifically includes: in response to the fault handling signal of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel for the 3D scene simulation model with faults, displaying a fault handling function module group; in response to the drag-and-drop operation of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel on each fault handling function module in the fault handling function module group, obtaining the target fault handling function module selected by the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel for fault handling in the fault handling function module group; constructing a fault handling scheme for the 3D scene simulation model with faults based on the target fault handling function module, and generating fault simulation handling code for the fault handling scheme based on the target fault handling function module, and executing the fault simulation handling code to realize the fault handling of the relay protection secondary system in the 3D scene simulation model with faults.

[0050] Specifically, for example, in the relay protection room of a 220kV substation, maintenance personnel discovered through a 3D simulation model that the differential protection device of the #1 main transformer reported a "differential current over-limit" fault signal, requiring fault location and isolation. First, the fault handling function module group is displayed: Maintenance personnel click on the #1 main transformer differential protection device in the 3D simulation model. After the system detects the "differential current over-limit" fault signal, a fault handling function module group window automatically pops up. This window displays the module group content including: Fault Location Module: containing sub-modules for "CT circuit inspection," "protection device sampling analysis," and "channel status monitoring"; Fault Isolation Module: containing sub-modules for "circuit breaker tripping operation," "device de-energization," and "safety measure tagging"; Fault Verification Module: containing sub-modules for "load testing," "differential current retest," and "protection action logic verification"; Report Generation Module: containing sub-modules for "processing record," "result analysis," and "suggested measures." Selecting the Target Fault Handling Function Module: Maintenance personnel drag and drop the three modules—"CT circuit inspection," "circuit breaker tripping operation," and "load testing"—into the work area. The system automatically marks them as the target fault handling function modules. The fault handling sequence of each target fault handling function module is determined. Based on this sequence, each target fault handling function module is sorted, and a fault handling scheme is formed from each sorted module. Since each target fault handling function module is pre-encapsulated with logic code, fault simulation processing code for the fault handling scheme can be generated based on the logic code of the sorted modules. Finally, executing this fault simulation processing code achieves fault simulation processing of the relay protection secondary system. During the process, the operation information of the maintenance personnel is recorded in real time.

[0051] 205. Based on fault handling operation information, determine the completeness, accuracy, sequence, and timeliness of fault handling by relay protection operation and maintenance personnel for faults in the secondary system of relay protection.

[0052] Specifically, fault handling completeness information includes: Operational step coverage: such as whether it includes the entire process of fault location, isolation, repair, verification, and recovery; Execution status of key steps: such as whether necessary operations such as safety measures (e.g., power outage, tagging, voltage testing), data backup, and device reset have been completed; Documentation completeness: such as whether fault phenomena, handling processes, replaced parts, and test results are recorded in detail. Fault handling accuracy information includes: Accuracy of the operation object: such as whether the operation was performed on the correct equipment or circuit (e.g., mistakenly pulling an adjacent circuit breaker); Accuracy of parameter settings: such as whether setting modifications, version upgrades, and channel configurations are consistent with dispatch instructions; Accuracy of test results: such as whether test data such as sampled values, input quantities, and output relay action times are within the allowable error range. Fault handling sequence information includes the correctness of the recovery sequence: such as whether the recovery was performed in the order of "device reset → signal restoration → setting verification → channel testing → commissioning". Fault handling timeliness information includes: total processing time: the total time from fault discovery to system recovery to normal operation; time consumption of key links: whether the time allocation for links such as fault location, isolation, repair, and verification is reasonable; response delay: the time from receiving the dispatch instruction to the start of fault handling.

[0053] 206. Determine the integrity assessment value of fault handling integrity information, the accuracy assessment value of fault handling accuracy information, the sequential assessment value of fault handling sequence information, and the timeliness assessment value of fault handling timeliness information, respectively.

[0054] Specifically, based on the completeness of fault handling, the accuracy of fault handling, the sequence of fault handling, and the timeliness of fault handling, scores are assigned according to actual needs to obtain corresponding evaluation values.

[0055] 207. Determine the weighting coefficients for the integrity assessment value, accuracy assessment value, sequence assessment value, and timeliness assessment value respectively. Based on the weighting coefficients, sum the integrity assessment value, accuracy assessment value, sequence assessment value, and timeliness assessment value to obtain the comprehensive assessment value. Based on the comprehensive assessment value, determine the fault handling effect of relay protection operation and maintenance personnel.

[0056] The weighting coefficients are set according to actual needs. Specifically, the various evaluation values ​​are weighted and summed to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value. The higher the comprehensive evaluation value, the better the fault handling effect of the electrical protection operation and maintenance personnel.

[0057] Furthermore, after evaluating the fault handling effectiveness of maintenance personnel, it is necessary to provide personalized training to the maintenance personnel based on the evaluation results. Therefore, the method includes: determining the integrity feature vector corresponding to the fault handling integrity information, the accuracy feature vector corresponding to the fault handling accuracy information, the sequential feature vector corresponding to the fault handling sequence information, and the timeliness feature vector corresponding to the fault handling timeliness information; performing feature dimension combination processing on the integrity feature vector, the accuracy feature vector, the sequence feature vector, and the timeliness feature vector to obtain a feature combination vector; performing component dimension combination processing on the integrity feature vector, the accuracy feature vector, the sequence feature vector, and the timeliness feature vector to obtain a component combination vector; and performing feature dimension combination processing on the integrity feature vector, the accuracy feature vector, the sequence feature vector, and the timeliness feature vector... The feature vector, accuracy feature vector, sequential feature vector, and timeliness feature vector are combined using basic dimensions to obtain a basic combination vector. The feature combination vector, component combination vector, and basic combination vector are then transformed to obtain a fault handling effect combination vector. This fault handling effect combination vector is input into a preset defect prediction model to predict fault points, thus identifying the fault handling defects of the relay protection secondary system for the relay protection maintenance personnel. Learning resources and training tasks corresponding to these defect points are determined and sent to the relay protection maintenance personnel's terminal, enabling the personnel to learn fault handling techniques for the relay protection secondary system based on these resources and training tasks.

[0058] Specifically, to improve the prediction accuracy of the preset defect point prediction model, artificial intelligence algorithms, such as neural networks and random forests, are introduced to enhance the model's prediction accuracy. First, the preset defect point prediction model needs to be trained and constructed. Based on this, the method includes: constructing a preset initial defect point prediction model; obtaining a sample dataset, wherein the sample dataset includes fault handling integrity information, fault handling accuracy information, fault handling sequence information, and fault handling timeliness information obtained by maintenance personnel during fault handling of the relay protection system with defect point labels; dividing the sample dataset into a training set and a test set; training the preset initial defect point prediction model using the training set; and testing the trained preset initial defect point prediction model using the test set; finally, the trained preset initial defect point prediction model that meets the test conditions is selected as the preset defect point prediction model. Specifically, in the model training process, the preset initial defect point prediction model is first constructed, and then the sample dataset is obtained. It is ensured that the dataset contains all necessary files. The data is converted to a format that the preset initial defect point prediction model can understand, and finally, the model is trained and tested. Specifically, the dataset can be divided first: using randomness or a specific strategy (such as stratified sampling), the sample dataset can be divided into a training set and a test set. The model is then trained using the training set, and tested on the test set to evaluate its performance on unseen data. Precision, recall, and other metrics on the test set are calculated and recorded. If the model performance does not meet requirements, it can be returned to the training phase for further iterations or adjustments. This process yields a satisfactory defect prediction model.

[0059] Furthermore, word embedding and feature extraction models (such as CNN) are used to determine the integrity feature vector corresponding to the fault handling integrity information, the accuracy feature vector corresponding to the fault handling accuracy information, the sequential feature vector corresponding to the fault handling sequence information, and the timeliness feature vector corresponding to the fault handling timeliness information. Then, the feature vectors are combined. The specific combination method is as follows: if the integrity feature vector is (a1,a2), the accuracy feature vector is (b1,b2), the sequence feature vector is (c1,c2), and the integrity feature vector is (d1,d2). The specific combination processing method includes: combining different feature vectors by feature dimension, that is, performing a Hadamard product on all elements of the vectors, followed by a convolution transformation with a certain weight w1, to obtain a feature combination vector f(w1×(a1×b1×c1×d1,a2×b2×c2×d2)); simultaneously, combining all feature vector data at the point level, that is, performing a Hadamard product on each element (component) of the vectors, assigning different weight values ​​to each product result, and then performing a linear transformation, to obtain a component combination vector f(w2×a1×b1×c1×d1,w3×a1×b1×c1×d1,w2×b1×c1×d2)). (a2×b2×c2×d2); In addition, all feature vectors are subjected to basic combination processing, and then weight coefficients are assigned to the combined result. Then, a linear transformation is performed to obtain the basic combination vector f(w4(a1,a2,b1,b2,c1,c2,d1,d2)); Finally, the above feature combination vector, component combination vector, and basic combination vector are combined together using a preset transformation function, such as horizontal splicing, to obtain the fault handling effect combination vector. It should be noted that the above examples are only illustrative and do not limit the embodiments of this application. Thus, by combining the integrity feature vector, accuracy feature vector, sequence feature vector, and timeliness feature vector, different features can be automatically or explicitly combined to generate new feature combinations. These combined features may contain complex nonlinear relationships between the original features, enabling the model to capture more refined and richer information in the data. That is, it can make full use of the relationships between various data, extract more latent features, and take into account both high-order and low-order processing, making data utilization more efficient and the subsequent fault handling effect evaluation more accurate, meeting the needs of practical application scenarios.

[0060] Furthermore, the combined vector of fault handling effects is input into a preset defect prediction model for defect prediction. This involves predicting the weaknesses or shortcomings of maintenance personnel in fault handling, such as "non-standard operation," "missing procedures," and "insufficient knowledge." Each weakness is assigned a weight (e.g., "non-standard operation" weight 0.6, "missing procedures" weight 0.4). A weakness index is calculated based on error frequency and impact range. The weaknesses are then sorted from high to low to determine training priorities. Learning resources (such as books and blogs) and training tasks (such as practical tasks and simulation tasks) related to these priorities are selected. Finally, targeted training is provided to maintenance personnel based on the learning resources and training tasks to improve training effectiveness and ensure the stable operation of the power system.

[0061] In another embodiment of the present invention, the above process can be implemented using a microservice architecture, with key services achieving load balancing and automatic failover to ensure system stability under large-scale concurrent access. Data storage employs a multi-level caching strategy, with hot data stored in an in-memory database to ensure fast response times for real-time interaction. All user operations are logged in detail to meet the traceability requirements of power training.

[0062] According to another fault handling assessment method for relay protection secondary systems provided by the present invention, compared with the current method of sending maintenance personnel to the actual relay protection secondary system site for simple fault diagnosis and handling, and evaluating the fault handling effect based on the handling performance of the maintenance personnel, the present invention obtains the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and obtains the personnel attribute information of the relay protection maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system; based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, a three-dimensional structure of the relay protection secondary system capable of displaying electrical parameter vector distribution information and electrical parameter intensity information is constructed. A 3D scene simulation model is used; based on the personnel attribute information, a relay protection secondary system fault scenario suitable for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is selected from the relay protection secondary system fault database; based on the relay protection secondary system fault scenario, the 3D scene simulation model is driven to dynamically demonstrate the fault to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the 3D scene simulation model with the fault during the fault demonstration process, and the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is collected; based on the fault handling operation information, the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is determined. Therefore, by constructing a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system that can display vector distribution information and intensity information of electrical parameters, the dynamic processes such as current and voltage flow paths, excitation and demagnetization of relay coils, and opening and closing of contacts can be displayed in real time and continuously. This helps maintenance personnel shift their understanding of the principles from points to lines and surfaces, thus improving their comprehension. Furthermore, the constructed three-dimensional scene simulation model can realistically reproduce the equipment structure and spatial environment of the relay protection secondary system, allowing maintenance personnel to intuitively observe the layout and connections of the equipment as if they were on-site, enhancing their overall understanding of the system and thereby improving their skills. This comprehensive understanding of faults by maintenance personnel can improve the accuracy of fault handling assessments. Operating on 3D scene simulation models can avoid impacting the stable operation of the power system and prevent damage to physical equipment. By selecting fault scenarios suitable for relay protection maintenance personnel, targeted testing can be conducted, avoiding wasted time and resources on inappropriate scenarios, thus improving the accuracy of fault handling assessments. Furthermore, 3D scene simulation models can simulate various fault scenarios, enabling more comprehensive fault handling testing of maintenance personnel within their respective fields, thereby improving the accuracy of fault handling assessments.

[0063] Furthermore, as Figure 1 In specific implementation, embodiments of the present invention provide a fault handling and assessment device for a relay protection secondary system, such as... Figure 3As shown, the device includes: an acquisition unit 31, a construction unit 32, a selection unit 33, a fault handling unit 34, and a determination unit 35.

[0064] The acquisition unit 31 can be used to acquire the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and to acquire the personnel attribute information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system.

[0065] The construction unit 32 can be used to construct a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, which can display the vector distribution information of electrical parameters and the intensity information of electrical parameters.

[0066] The selection unit 33 can be used to select a relay protection secondary system fault scenario that is compatible with the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel from the relay protection secondary system fault database based on the personnel attribute information.

[0067] The fault handling unit 34 can be used to drive the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform dynamic fault demonstration to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel based on the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with fault during the fault demonstration process, and collect the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel.

[0068] The determining unit 35 can be used to determine the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel based on the fault handling operation information.

[0069] In specific application scenarios, in order to construct a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system that can display the vector distribution information and intensity information of electrical parameters, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the construction unit 32 includes a construction module 321 and a generation module 322.

[0070] The construction module 321 can be used to construct an initial three-dimensional scene simulation model based on the device structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data.

[0071] The generation module 322 can be used to determine the width and color information of the colored strip to be generated, representing the electrical parameters, based on the electrical parameters of the relay protection secondary system provided by the simulation engine. Based on the width and color information, a dynamically flowing colored light strip representing the vector distribution information and intensity information of the electrical parameters is generated between the terminals of the initial three-dimensional scene simulation model. The initial three-dimensional scene simulation model with the colored light strip is used as the three-dimensional scene simulation model.

[0072] In specific application scenarios, in order to dynamically simulate fault protection scenarios of the relay protection secondary system, the device also includes a fault protection demonstration unit 36.

[0073] The fault protection demonstration unit 36 ​​can be used to determine the primary power equipment protected by the relay protection secondary system, construct a three-dimensional simulation model of the primary power equipment, determine a fault scenario of the primary power equipment suitable for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, and simulate the fault of the primary power equipment based on the fault scenario and the three-dimensional simulation model; determine each independent node in the three-dimensional simulation model after fault simulation, and determine the resistance and reactance values ​​of each independent node; determine the node admittance of the corresponding node based on the resistance and reactance values; determine the node self-admittance of each independent node and the node mutual admittance between nodes based on the node admittance; and determine the node admittance of the primary power equipment based on the node self-admittance and the node mutual admittance. The node admittance matrix is ​​analyzed. Zero and non-zero elements are identified. Based on these elements, the node admittance matrix is ​​sparsified to obtain a sparsified node admittance matrix. This sparsified node admittance matrix is ​​then divided into multiple sub-sparse node admittance matrices. A corresponding processor is assigned to each sub-sparse node admittance matrix, and multiple processors are scheduled to perform parallel matrix solving on the corresponding sub-sparse node admittance matrices. Based on the parallel matrix solving results of each processor, the node current and node voltage of each independent node in the three-dimensional power primary equipment simulation model after fault simulation are determined. Based on the node current and node voltage, fault protection simulation of the power primary equipment is performed in the three-dimensional scene simulation model, and the fault protection simulation process of the relay protection secondary system is displayed to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel in real time.

[0074] In specific application scenarios, in order to determine the fault handling effect of relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, the determining unit 35 includes a first determining module 351 and a summing module 352.

[0075] The first determining module 351 can be used to determine the integrity assessment value of the fault handling integrity information, the accuracy assessment value of the fault handling accuracy information, the sequential assessment value of the fault handling sequence information, and the timeliness assessment value of the fault handling timeliness information, respectively.

[0076] The summation module 352 can be used to determine the weight coefficients corresponding to the integrity assessment value, the accuracy assessment value, the sequence assessment value, and the timeliness assessment value, respectively, and based on the weight coefficients, to perform a weighted summation of the integrity assessment value, the accuracy assessment value, the sequence assessment value, and the timeliness assessment value to obtain a comprehensive assessment value. Based on the comprehensive assessment value, the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can be determined.

[0077] In specific application scenarios, in order to provide targeted training to maintenance personnel based on their fault handling results, the device also includes a training unit 37.

[0078] The training unit 37 can be used to determine the integrity feature vector corresponding to the fault handling integrity information, the accuracy feature vector corresponding to the fault handling accuracy information, the sequence feature vector corresponding to the fault handling sequence information, and the timeliness feature vector corresponding to the fault handling timeliness information; perform feature dimension combination processing on the integrity feature vector, the accuracy feature vector, the sequence feature vector, and the timeliness feature vector to obtain a feature combination vector; perform component dimension combination processing on the integrity feature vector, the accuracy feature vector, the sequence feature vector, and the timeliness feature vector to obtain a component combination vector; and perform component dimension combination processing on the integrity feature vector, the accuracy feature vector, and the sequence feature vector... The vector and the timeliness feature vector are combined using basic dimensions to obtain a basic combination vector; the feature combination vector, the component combination vector, and the basic combination vector are transformed to obtain a fault handling effect combination vector; the fault handling effect combination vector is input into a preset defect point prediction model to predict defect points, thereby obtaining the fault handling defect points of the relay protection secondary system for the relay protection maintenance personnel; learning resources and training tasks corresponding to the defect points are determined, and the learning resources and training tasks are sent to the relay protection maintenance personnel terminal so that the relay protection maintenance personnel at the relay protection maintenance personnel terminal can learn the fault handling of the relay protection secondary system based on the learning resources and the training tasks.

[0079] In specific application scenarios, in order to drive the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform dynamic fault demonstrations for relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, the fault processing unit 34 includes a second determination module 341 and a fault demonstration module 342.

[0080] The second determining module 341 can be used to determine the fault configuration file and fault data file in the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system, and parse the channel information, sampling parameters and fault triggering conditions of the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system from the fault configuration file.

[0081] The second determining module 341 can also be used to determine the actual fault recording data of the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system based on the channel information, the sampling parameters, and the fault triggering conditions.

[0082] The fault demonstration module 342 can be used to import the actual fault recording data into the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform dynamic demonstration of relay protection secondary system faults.

[0083] In specific application scenarios, in order to handle faults, the fault handling unit 34 also includes a display module 343, an acquisition module 344, and a fault handling module 345.

[0084] The display module 343 can be used to display the fault handling function module group in response to the fault handling signal of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel for the three-dimensional scene simulation model with fault.

[0085] The acquisition module 344 can be used to acquire the target fault handling function module selected by the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel for fault handling in the fault handling function module group in response to the drag operation of each fault handling function module in the fault handling function module group.

[0086] The fault handling module 345 can be used to construct a fault handling scheme for the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults based on the target fault handling function module, and generate fault simulation processing code of the fault handling scheme based on the target fault handling function module, and execute the fault simulation processing code to realize the fault handling of the relay protection secondary system in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults.

[0087] It should be noted that other corresponding descriptions of the functional modules involved in the fault handling and evaluation device for a relay protection secondary system provided in this embodiment of the invention can be found in the following references. Figure 1 The corresponding description of the method shown will not be repeated here.

[0088] Based on the above, Figure 1Accordingly, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps: acquiring equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of a relay protection secondary system, and acquiring personnel attribute information of relay protection maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system; constructing a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, capable of displaying electrical parameter vector distribution information and electrical parameter intensity information; selecting a relay protection secondary system fault scenario suitable for the relay protection maintenance personnel from a relay protection secondary system fault database based on the personnel attribute information; driving the three-dimensional scene simulation model to dynamically demonstrate a fault to the relay protection maintenance personnel based on the relay protection secondary system fault scenario, so that the relay protection maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the fault-bearing three-dimensional scene simulation model and collect the fault handling operation information of the relay protection maintenance personnel; and determining the fault handling effect of the relay protection maintenance personnel based on the fault handling operation information.

[0089] Based on the above, Figure 1 The method shown and as Figure 3 The embodiment of the device shown in the invention also provides a physical structure diagram of a computer device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the computer device includes: a processor 41, a memory 42, and a computer program stored in the memory 42 and executable on the processor. Both the memory 42 and the processor 41 are mounted on a bus 43. When the processor 41 executes the program, it performs the following steps: acquiring equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system; acquiring personnel attribute information of the relay protection maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system; and constructing a three-dimensional field of the relay protection secondary system based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, capable of displaying electrical parameter vector distribution information and electrical parameter intensity information. A scene simulation model is used; based on the personnel attribute information, a relay protection secondary system fault scenario suitable for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is selected from the relay protection secondary system fault database; based on the relay protection secondary system fault scenario, the three-dimensional scene simulation model is driven to perform a dynamic fault demonstration to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults during the fault demonstration process, and the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is collected; based on the fault handling operation information, the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is determined.

[0090] Through the technical solution of this invention, the invention obtains the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and acquires the personnel attribute information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system; based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system capable of displaying electrical parameter vector distribution information and electrical parameter intensity information is constructed; based on the personnel attribute information, a relay protection secondary system fault scenario suitable for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is selected from the relay protection secondary system fault database; based on the relay protection secondary system fault scenario, the three-dimensional scene simulation model is driven to perform dynamic fault demonstration to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the fault-containing three-dimensional scene simulation model during the fault demonstration process, and the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is collected; based on the fault handling operation information, the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is determined. Therefore, by constructing a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system that can display vector distribution information and intensity information of electrical parameters, the dynamic processes such as current and voltage flow paths, excitation and demagnetization of relay coils, and opening and closing of contacts can be displayed in real time and continuously. This helps maintenance personnel shift their understanding of the principles from points to lines and surfaces, thus improving their comprehension. Furthermore, the constructed three-dimensional scene simulation model can realistically reproduce the equipment structure and spatial environment of the relay protection secondary system, allowing maintenance personnel to intuitively observe the layout and connections of the equipment as if they were on-site, enhancing their overall understanding of the system and thereby improving their skills. This comprehensive understanding of faults by maintenance personnel can improve the accuracy of fault handling assessments. Operating on 3D scene simulation models can avoid impacting the stable operation of the power system and prevent damage to physical equipment. By selecting fault scenarios suitable for relay protection maintenance personnel, targeted testing can be conducted, avoiding wasted time and resources on inappropriate scenarios, thus improving the accuracy of fault handling assessments. Furthermore, 3D scene simulation models can simulate various fault scenarios, enabling more comprehensive fault handling testing of maintenance personnel within their respective fields, thereby improving the accuracy of fault handling assessments.

[0091] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby storing them in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those presented herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0092] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fault handling and assessment method for a relay protection secondary system, characterized in that, include: Obtain the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and obtain the personnel attribute information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system; Based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system is constructed, which can display the vector distribution information of electrical parameters and the intensity information of electrical parameters. Based on the personnel attribute information, select a relay protection secondary system fault scenario that is compatible with the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel from the relay protection secondary system fault database. Based on the fault scenarios of the relay protection secondary system, the three-dimensional scene simulation model is driven to perform dynamic fault demonstrations to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel. The relay protection operation and maintenance personnel then perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with the fault during the fault demonstration process, and the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is collected. Based on the fault handling operation information, the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system, based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, capable of displaying electrical parameter vector distribution information and electrical parameter intensity information, includes: Based on the device structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, an initial three-dimensional scene simulation model is constructed. Based on the electrical parameters of the relay protection secondary system provided by the simulation engine, the width and color information of the colored strip to be generated, representing the electrical parameters, are determined. Based on the width and color information, a dynamically flowing colored light strip representing the vector distribution information and intensity information of the electrical parameters is generated between the terminals of the initial three-dimensional scene simulation model. The initial three-dimensional scene simulation model with the colored light strip is used as the three-dimensional scene simulation model.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Identify the primary power equipment protected by the secondary relay protection system, construct a three-dimensional simulation model of the primary power equipment, determine the primary power equipment fault scenarios that are compatible with the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, and simulate the faults of the primary power equipment based on the three-dimensional simulation model of the primary power equipment based on the fault scenarios. Each independent node in the three-dimensional primary power equipment simulation model after fault simulation is determined, and the resistance and reactance values ​​of each independent node are determined. Based on the resistance and reactance values, the node admittance of the corresponding node is determined. Based on the node admittance, the node self-admittance of each independent node and the node mutual admittance between nodes are determined. Based on the node self-admittance and the node mutual admittance, the node admittance matrix of the primary power equipment is determined. Determine the zero and non-zero elements in the node admittance matrix, and perform sparsification on the node admittance matrix based on the zero and non-zero elements to obtain a sparsified node admittance matrix. The sparse node admittance matrix is ​​divided into multiple sub-sparse node admittance matrices, and a corresponding processor is assigned to each sub-sparse node admittance matrix. Multiple processors are scheduled to perform parallel matrix solving on the corresponding sub-sparse node admittance matrices. Based on the parallel matrix solving results of each processor, the node current and node voltage of each independent node in the three-dimensional power primary equipment simulation model after fault simulation are determined. Based on the node current and the node voltage, the fault protection simulation of the primary power equipment is performed in the three-dimensional scene simulation model, and the fault protection simulation process of the secondary system of the relay protection is displayed to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel in real time.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the fault handling effectiveness of the relay protection maintenance personnel based on the fault handling operation information includes: Based on the fault handling operation information, the completeness, accuracy, sequence, and timeliness of the fault handling for secondary system faults of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel are determined. The integrity assessment value of the fault handling integrity information, the accuracy assessment value of the fault handling accuracy information, the sequential assessment value of the fault handling sequence information, and the timeliness assessment value of the fault handling timeliness information are determined respectively. The weighting coefficients corresponding to the integrity assessment value, the accuracy assessment value, the sequence assessment value, and the timeliness assessment value are determined respectively. Based on the weighting coefficients, the integrity assessment value, the accuracy assessment value, the sequence assessment value, and the timeliness assessment value are weighted and summed to obtain a comprehensive assessment value. Based on the comprehensive assessment value, the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel is determined.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After determining the fault handling effectiveness of the relay protection maintenance personnel based on the comprehensive evaluation value, the method further includes: The integrity feature vector corresponding to the fault handling integrity information, the accuracy feature vector corresponding to the fault handling accuracy information, the sequence feature vector corresponding to the fault handling sequence information, and the timeliness feature vector corresponding to the fault handling timeliness information are determined respectively. The integrity feature vector, accuracy feature vector, sequential feature vector, and timeliness feature vector are combined using feature dimensions to obtain a feature combination vector. The integrity feature vector, accuracy feature vector, sequential feature vector, and timeliness feature vector are combined using component dimensions to obtain a component combination vector. The integrity feature vector, accuracy feature vector, sequential feature vector, and timeliness feature vector are combined using basic dimensions to obtain a basic combination vector. The feature combination vector, the component combination vector, and the basic combination vector are transformed to obtain the fault handling effect combination vector. The combined vector of fault handling effects is input into a preset defect prediction model to predict defect points, thereby obtaining the fault handling defect points of the relay protection secondary system for the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel. The learning resources and training tasks corresponding to the defect points are determined, and the learning resources and training tasks are sent to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel terminal so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel at the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel terminal can learn the fault handling of the relay protection secondary system based on the learning resources and training tasks.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the fault scenarios of the relay protection secondary system, the three-dimensional scenario simulation model is driven to provide dynamic fault demonstrations to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel, including: Determine the fault configuration file and fault data file in the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system, and parse the channel information, sampling parameters and fault triggering conditions of the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system from the fault configuration file; Based on the channel information, the sampling parameters, and the fault triggering conditions, the actual fault recording data of the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system is determined; The actual fault recording data is imported into the three-dimensional scene simulation model to dynamically demonstrate the faults in the secondary system of the relay protection.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay protection maintenance personnel will perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with the fault during the fault demonstration process, including: In response to the fault handling signal from the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel for the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults, the fault handling function module group is displayed. In response to the drag-and-drop operation of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel on each fault handling function module in the fault handling function module group, the target fault handling function module selected by the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel for fault handling in the fault handling function module group is obtained. Based on the target fault handling function module, a fault handling scheme is constructed for the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults. Based on the target fault handling function module, fault simulation processing code of the fault handling scheme is generated and executed to realize the fault handling of the relay protection secondary system in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with faults.

8. A fault handling and assessment device for a relay protection secondary system, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the equipment structure data and three-dimensional attribute data of the relay protection secondary system, and to acquire the personnel attribute information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel corresponding to the relay protection secondary system. The construction unit is used to construct a three-dimensional scene simulation model of the relay protection secondary system based on the equipment structure data and the three-dimensional attribute data, which can display the vector distribution information of electrical parameters and the intensity information of electrical parameters; The selection unit is used to select, based on the personnel attribute information, a relay protection secondary system fault scenario that is compatible with the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel from the relay protection secondary system fault database. The fault handling unit is used to drive the three-dimensional scene simulation model to perform dynamic fault demonstration to the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel based on the fault scenario of the relay protection secondary system, so that the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel can perform fault handling in the three-dimensional scene simulation model with fault during the fault demonstration process, and collect the fault handling operation information of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel. The determining unit is used to determine the fault handling effect of the relay protection operation and maintenance personnel based on the fault handling operation information.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images