Plann management method and system based on flight safety factors of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle
By constructing a planning management system and methodology for low-altitude UAV flight safety elements, the problems of automation and intelligence in low-altitude airspace resource management have been solved, enabling rapid identity authentication and security verification for UAV flights, and improving the efficiency and safety of low-altitude airspace utilization.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
The lack of automation and intelligence in low-altitude airspace resource management makes it impossible to meet the needs of rapid identification of unmanned aerial vehicles, flexible allocation of space resources, and mission scheduling, resulting in low airspace utilization efficiency and potential safety hazards.
A planning management system and method based on flight safety elements of low-altitude UAVs were designed, including a planning access module, an identity authentication module, a grid verification model base, and an approval management module. Flight safety is ensured through multiple authentication and verification processes. An UAV operation access database is constructed, and a hash algorithm is used to generate an identification code for verification. Unified verification is carried out by combining airspace, route, weather, and time verification models.
It enables rapid approval and safety management of low-altitude flight plans, ensures the compliance and safety of drone flights, avoids safety issues caused by time and space conflicts and abnormal conditions, and improves the utilization efficiency of airspace resources.
Smart Images
Figure CN121725673A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of low-altitude airspace management and flight service technology, and in particular relates to a planning management method and system based on low-altitude UAV flight safety elements. Background Technology
[0002] Low-altitude airspace not only possesses enormous development potential and room for imagination, but also offers a more diverse range of industrial and application prospects than ground transportation. Accelerating the transformation of low-altitude airspace from a natural resource into an economic resource is a path to opening up new economic tracks. However, a complete set of rules and regulations has not yet been established for low-altitude airspace resources, low-altitude air route management, and the safe operation management of unmanned aerial vehicles. How to meet the needs of rational resource allocation and safe scheduling in low-altitude scenarios is an urgent problem to be solved in the current context.
[0003] Traditional civil aviation and general aviation rely on control towers to schedule flight plans, following a basic process of "reporting-approval-supervision," resulting in low airspace utilization efficiency. Airspace management is primarily manual, with low levels of automation and intelligence. This model cannot meet the needs of flexible and efficient low-altitude flight applications, and lacks the ability to quickly authenticate unmanned aerial vehicles, flexibly allocate space resources, and rapidly schedule missions. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of identity security access, spatiotemporal conflicts and demodulation of low-altitude airspace resources and routes, and high-security verification during low-altitude safe flight. Firstly, this application provides a planning and management system based on low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flight safety elements, the system comprising: The planning access module is used to receive low-altitude flight plans; The plan access module is also used to parse the low-altitude flight plan to obtain the airspace occupied by the flight, the flight route, the flight time, and the aircraft information; The identity authentication module is used to authenticate the aircraft's identity based on the aircraft information and the whitelist in the unmanned aerial vehicle operation access database; A grid verification model base is used to authenticate flight safety elements based on the flight-occupied airspace, flight route, flight time, and aircraft safety element model; wherein, the flight safety elements include airspace, flight route, weather, and time; The approval management module is used to provide feedback and notify users to prepare for flight if the aircraft identity authentication and flight safety element authentication are successful.
[0005] Secondly, this application also provides a planning management method based on flight safety elements of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the method being applied to the system described above, the method comprising: Step 1: The planning access module receives the low-altitude flight plan; Step 2: The plan access module parses the low-altitude flight plan to obtain the airspace occupied by the flight, the flight route, the flight time, and the aircraft information; Step 3: The identity authentication module authenticates the aircraft's identity based on the aircraft information and the whitelist in the unmanned aerial vehicle operation access database; Step 4: The grid verification model base authenticates flight safety elements based on the flight airspace occupied, the flight route, the flight time, and the aircraft safety element model; wherein, the flight safety elements include airspace, flight route, weather, and time; Step 5: If the aircraft identity authentication and flight safety element authentication are successful, the approval management module will provide feedback on the results and notify the user to prepare for flight.
[0006] Preferably, the method further includes: Step 6: Secondary verification of flight plan conditions; Step 7: If takeoff conditions are met, execute the low-altitude flight plan.
[0007] Preferably, step 6 includes: In response to frequent changes in airspace at low altitudes, a secondary check of airspace conditions and flight conditions is conducted before takeoff to ensure that temporary airspace occupation does not affect flight safety.
[0008] Preferably, step 3 includes: Establish an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operation access database: To ensure that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) flying at low altitudes meet operational requirements, in addition to the basic information on UAVs required to be reported as stipulated in the "Interim Regulations on the Administration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles," an UAV access database is constructed by combining radio and image feature information of UAVs as the basis for identity access. Based on this, enterprise basic data and operational personnel data are further constructed according to operational needs to ensure that both the aircraft and the operational personnel comply with operational access regulations. On the other hand, this provides data support for the safety supervision of UAVs during operation. Operational access identification code allocation: Based on the access database, a unified identification code is provided for each operating company, aircraft and pilot based on a hash algorithm. After receiving the flight plan, the relevant information of the aircraft identity, company and pilot is parsed according to the received plan information, and the identification code is uniformly verified. According to the verification rules, the access identification result is provided for the aircraft operation access. Operational access verification: Upon receiving the flight plan, based on the unified identification code generation rules, the relevant information of the aircraft, pilot, and company within the flight plan is parsed and a verification code is generated in accordance with the operational access rules. The verification code and the identification code are then calculated to obtain the operational access verification result, ensuring that the aircraft meets the access requirements in terms of the operating company's qualifications, identity verification, and the operators.
[0009] Preferably, the operation access verification rules are shown in Table 2: Table 2 .
[0010] Preferably, the basic structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operation access database is shown in Table 1: Table 1 .
[0011] Preferably, step 4 includes: Construct a basic spatial grid; Based on the aforementioned basic spatial grid and aircraft safety element model, a grid verification model base is constructed; wherein, the aircraft safety element model includes an airspace verification model, a flight path verification model, a meteorological verification model, and a time verification model; The grid verification model base is based on the flight airspace occupied, the flight route, the flight time, the airspace verification model, the route verification model, the meteorological verification model, and the time verification model to certify flight safety elements.
[0012] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: (1) An improved plan verification process for low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flight was designed. The process combines flight plan verification with flight execution condition verification. Under the premise of further shortening the approval time for low-altitude flight, the reasonable arrangement of the flight plan is ensured through multi-safety element verification. (2) An aircraft operation access module for real-name authentication of unmanned aircraft and operators was designed, and an authentication database for aircraft and operators was constructed. By combining the identification code and verification code authentication mechanism, the compliance of low-altitude access is ensured through multiple authentication methods. (3) A spatial grid flight plan management verification model was designed to solve the problem of inconsistent processing and verification methods among different elements in flight plan management, and to realize unified verification of airspace resources, route resources and time occupation under a unified grid framework. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a planning and management system based on flight safety elements of a low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a plan management method based on flight safety elements of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a grid security verification base provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0014] Please see Figures 1-3 This application belongs to the field of low-altitude airspace management and flight services. It mainly addresses the problems of spatiotemporal conflicts and efficient resource utilization in the use of airspace resources by large-scale, high-density, and high-frequency unmanned aerial vehicles in low-altitude scenarios under open low-altitude airspace conditions. It provides a highly secure planning and management method for verification based on multiple safety factors such as identity access, route access, time access, and meteorological access, and provides support for low-altitude airspace opening and operation control. Specifically, it is a planning and management method for verification of multiple safety factors in low-altitude flight.
[0015] This method proposes a flight plan management capability for verifying multiple safety elements of low-altitude flight. Based on an improved plan management process, it implements a multi-element flight safety verification method that includes identity access, airspace resource access, route access, time availability, and weather access. This ensures intelligent scheduling of low-altitude plans and serves the economic and safe development of low-altitude flight.
[0016] This invention, for the first time, innovatively proposes a plan management method for verifying multiple safety elements in low-altitude flight, addressing the issues of efficient utilization of low-altitude airspace resources, safe execution of low-altitude flight plans, and efficient approval. It solves problems related to secure identity access, spatiotemporal conflicts and resolution of low-altitude airspace resource routes, and high-security verification during safe low-altitude flight. This invention is the first in China to achieve multi-element verification capabilities, including unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) identity verification, low-altitude airspace route verification, UAV spatiotemporal conflict verification, and low-altitude meteorological verification, providing plan management support for safe low-altitude operation and operational control.
[0017] This application provides a flight plan management method for verifying multiple flight safety elements of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Addressing the management needs for efficient use of airspace resources and safe execution of flight plans in future large-scale, high-density, and high-frequency low-altitude operations, this method designs an improved plan management process. Based on grid-based planning, it integrates airspace, flight routes, spatiotemporal operational requirements, and meteorological conditions within a unified grid framework. This enables unified verification of multiple low-altitude safety elements and flight conditions, ensuring that UAVs do not experience flight safety issues due to spatiotemporal conflicts or abnormal conditions during low-altitude airspace opening. Finally, a flight plan management platform is constructed based on this method, providing support for low-altitude flight management. This invention solves the problems of secure identity access, spatiotemporal demodulation of low-altitude airspace resources and flight routes, and high-security verification during safe low-altitude flight in the context of low-altitude airspace opening, providing support for the safe operation of low-altitude aircraft.
[0018] In this application embodiment, the specific solution provided is as follows: 1. System Composition A flight plan management system for low-altitude flight with multiple safety elements mainly includes a plan access module, a flight safety element verification module, an identity authentication module, and an approval management module. The system composition is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.
[0019] The planning access module receives flight plans reported by low-altitude operators based on a general plan submission template and extracts safety verification elements. The flight safety element verification module constructs four verification models (including airspace verification model, route verification model, meteorological verification model, and time verification model) based on a basic grid to verify the safety of key plan attributes. The identity authentication module authenticates the aircraft information and operator information in the plan submission information to ensure that the system meets the operating conditions. The approval management module realizes the plan processing operations, including plan approval processing and approval result feedback.
[0020] 2. Validation process for improvement plans for low-altitude flight Traditional civil aviation or general aviation flight planning mainly involves flight units submitting plans through flight service stations, and then executing flight missions after plan approval. Due to current air traffic control conditions, each flight plan generally needs to be submitted one day in advance. Plan management and scheduling rely on manual processes with low utilization rates, which cannot meet the immediate needs of low-altitude open scenarios such as unmanned express delivery and urban sightseeing tours, as well as the airspace needs of emergency scenarios such as urban governance and emergency firefighting. Therefore, this method designs an improved flight plan verification process for low-altitude flights. On the one hand, by incorporating multiple safety element verification methods, the verification conditions and elements are enriched under the flight plan verification conditions to enhance safety capabilities. On the other hand, a secondary verification method is used to add a flight condition verification process, confirming the availability of flight conditions and avoiding unnecessary safety hazards caused by temporary emergency missions occupying airspace. The main verification process is as follows: Figure 2 .
[0021] 1) Plan reception and parsing; parsing the structured flight plans reported by users, and sorting out the core data related to the flight's airspace occupation, flight route, flight time and aircraft information; 2) Multi-safety element verification: The identity authentication module verifies the correctness of the aircraft and personnel identities based on whitelist comparison, and the flight safety element verification module checks whether there will be conflicts in airspace, flight route, weather and time in the subsequent execution of the plan; 3) Verification result processing: Combine the aircraft identity authentication results and flight safety element authentication results to generate the plan approval result and provide feedback to the flight plan user; if the plan is approved, pre-flight preparation can proceed; if the plan fails verification, the user will be notified of the failure to approve and the reason.
[0022] 4) Pre-flight preparation: When the flight unit has completed the pre-flight inspection and is ready for takeoff, submit the takeoff execution approval.
[0023] 5) Flight condition verification: In response to the frequent changes in airspace at low altitudes, a secondary verification of airspace conditions and flight conditions is conducted before takeoff to ensure that flight safety is not affected by temporary airspace occupation or other situations. 6) Flight plan execution: After completing the plan, the flight unit shall execute the flight mission according to the plan.
[0024] 3. Operational-oriented aircraft access verification 1) Construction of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Operation Access Database To ensure that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) flying at low altitudes meet operational requirements, in addition to the basic information of UAVs that must be reported as stipulated in the "Interim Regulations on the Administration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles," information such as the radio characteristics and image characteristics of UAVs is also collected to construct an UAV access database, which serves as the basis for verifying the identity of UAVs. Based on this, according to operational needs, data on operating companies and pilots are further constructed to ensure that both operating companies and pilots comply with operational access regulations. The basic structure of the database is shown in Table 1.
[0025] Table 1. Basic Structure of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Operation Access Database
[0026] 2) Allocation of Operation Access Identification Code Based on the operational access database, a unified identification code is provided for each operating company, aircraft, and pilot using a hash algorithm. Upon receiving a flight plan, the system parses out information related to the aircraft's identity, the company, and the pilot based on the received plan information, performs unified verification with the identification code, and provides access identification results for aircraft operational access according to the verification rules.
[0027] 3) Operational access verification Upon receiving the flight plan, based on the unified identification code generation rules, the relevant information of the aircraft, pilot, and enterprise within the flight plan is parsed and a verification code is generated according to the operation access rules. The verification code and the identification code are calculated to obtain the operation access verification result, ensuring that the aircraft meets the access requirements in terms of the operator's qualifications, identity recognition, and operators. The access verification rules are shown in Table 2.
[0028] Table 2 Operation Access Verification Rules
[0029] 4. Security Element Verification Model Based on Spatial Grid 1) Basic Mesh Construction Based on basic geographic coordinate data, the low-altitude airspace is divided into grids, and a unified encoding is achieved according to the grid size and latitude and longitude values to obtain a digital airspace grid.
[0030] Spatially aligning and mapping 3D geographic elevation data with the digital airspace grid, the digital airspace grid is endowed with geographic elevation attributes. Similarly, based on the airspace delineation status and boundaries within the low-altitude airspace, the airspace grid is endowed with airspace type attributes; based on the route delineation and coordinates within the low-altitude airspace, the airspace grid is endowed with route attributes; based on the UAV operational traffic flow within the low-altitude airspace, the airspace grid is endowed with airspace operational density attributes; and based on the observation results of meteorological stations within the low-altitude airspace, the airspace grid is endowed with real-time meteorological attributes.
[0031] The above attributes can be updated in real time according to the corresponding data source. After the digital airspace grid is overlaid with the above multiple attributes, it can provide a basic grid for the verification of flight safety elements.
[0032] 2) Validation Model Construction Based on the potential impact of time and space occupation conflicts or abnormal weather conditions on flight safety during low-altitude flight, a digital model for verifying flight safety elements (including airspace verification model, route verification model, meteorological verification model, and time verification model) is constructed. This model comprehensively considers information related to flight, such as airspace attributes, route occupation areas, airspace safety intervals, planned flight times, and route weather. The main information of each model is shown in Table 3.
[0033] Table 3 Flight Safety Digital Model
[0034] 3) Safety element verification After the safety element verification base is constructed, the safety of the flight route, meteorological safety and time safety are verified in accordance with the flight safety verification requirements and the safety verification rules, so as to provide approval support for flight plan management. The main verification rules are shown in Table 4.
[0035] Table 4 Flight Safety Verification Rules .
Claims
1. A planning and management system based on flight safety elements of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that, The system includes: The planning access module is used to receive low-altitude flight plans; The plan access module is also used to parse the low-altitude flight plan to obtain the airspace occupied by the flight, the flight route, the flight time, and the aircraft information; The identity authentication module is used to authenticate the aircraft's identity based on the aircraft information and the whitelist in the unmanned aerial vehicle operation access database; A grid verification model base is used to authenticate flight safety elements based on the flight-occupied airspace, flight route, flight time, and aircraft safety element model; wherein, the flight safety elements include airspace, flight route, weather, and time; The approval management module is used to provide feedback and notify users to prepare for flight if the aircraft identity authentication and flight safety element authentication are successful.
2. A planning and management method based on flight safety elements of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that, The method is applied to the system as described in claim 1, and the method includes: Step 1: The planning access module receives the low-altitude flight plan; Step 2: The plan access module parses the low-altitude flight plan to obtain the airspace occupied by the flight, the flight route, the flight time, and the aircraft information; Step 3: The identity authentication module authenticates the aircraft's identity based on the aircraft information and the whitelist in the unmanned aerial vehicle operation access database; Step 4: The grid verification model base authenticates flight safety elements based on the flight airspace occupied, the flight route, the flight time, and the aircraft safety element model; wherein, the flight safety elements include airspace, flight route, weather, and time; Step 5: If the aircraft identity authentication and flight safety element authentication are successful, the approval management module will provide feedback on the results and notify the user to prepare for flight.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Step 6: Secondary verification of flight plan conditions; Step 7: If takeoff conditions are met, execute the low-altitude flight plan.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step 6 includes: In response to frequent changes in airspace at low altitudes, a secondary check of airspace conditions and flight conditions is conducted before takeoff to ensure that temporary airspace occupation does not affect flight safety.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3 includes: Establish an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operation access database: To ensure that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) flying at low altitudes meet operational requirements, in addition to the basic information on UAVs required to be reported as stipulated in the "Interim Regulations on the Administration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles," an UAV access database is constructed by combining radio and image feature information of UAVs as the basis for identity access. Based on this, enterprise basic data and operational personnel data are further constructed according to operational needs to ensure that both the aircraft and the operational personnel comply with operational access regulations. On the other hand, this provides data support for the safety supervision of UAVs during operation. Operational access identification code allocation: Based on the access database, a unified identification code is provided for each operating company, aircraft and pilot based on a hash algorithm. After receiving the flight plan, the relevant information of the aircraft identity, company and pilot is parsed according to the received plan information, and the identification code is uniformly verified. According to the verification rules, the access identification result is provided for the aircraft operation access. Operational access verification: Upon receiving the flight plan, based on the unified identification code generation rules, the relevant information of the aircraft, pilot, and company within the flight plan is parsed and a verification code is generated in accordance with the operational access rules. The verification code and the identification code are then calculated to obtain the operational access verification result, ensuring that the aircraft meets the access requirements in terms of the operating company's qualifications, identity verification, and the operators.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The operational access verification rules are shown in Table 2: Table 2 。 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The basic structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle operation access database is shown in Table 1: Table 1 。 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 4 includes: Construct a basic spatial grid; Based on the aforementioned basic spatial grid and aircraft safety element model, a grid verification model base is constructed; wherein, the aircraft safety element model includes an airspace verification model, a flight path verification model, a meteorological verification model, and a time verification model; The grid verification model base is based on the flight airspace occupied, the flight route, the flight time, the airspace verification model, the route verification model, the meteorological verification model, and the time verification model to certify flight safety elements.