Hybrid welding device, hybrid welding system and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid welding device, a hybrid welding system and an operation method of the hybrid welding device, and belongs to the technical field of laser welding manufacturing. A movable part is arranged and can generate relative movement relative to a main body part so as to drive one of a laser welding device and an electric arc welding device to move relative to the other; therefore, the relative position and direction between the laser welding device and the electric arc welding device are adjusted, the welding process is adjusted, and welding defects are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser welding manufacturing technology, and in particular to a composite welding device, a composite welding system and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] Laser-arc hybrid welding technology is a welding method that organically combines a high-energy-density laser beam with an electric arc heat source to form a synergistic composite heat source. In related technologies, laser-arc hybrid welding devices include a hybrid welding torch, which comprises an arc torch and a laser head (generally referred to as a laser head). For different welding requirements of the workpieces, the laser energy provided by the laser head and the arc welding wire provided by the arc torch, or the interaction between the welding wires, are difficult to match and adjust. This affects the adaptability of the laser-arc hybrid welding process and may even lead to significant welding defects in the workpieces. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a composite welding apparatus, a composite welding system, and an operating method thereof to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a composite welding apparatus is provided, comprising: Main body; The laser welder and the arc welder are separate components, both of which are connected to the main body. At least one movable component is fixed to one of the laser welder and the arc welder and configured to be movable relative to the main body to drive one of the laser welder and the arc welder to move relative to the other.

[0005] Optionally, the movable component includes a first sliding member, which is fixedly connected to the arc welder and configured to slide relative to the main body in a first direction to drive the arc welder to move in the first direction, such that the arc welder and the laser welder are on the same straight line, the straight line extending in a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect.

[0006] Optionally, the movable component includes a second sliding component, which is fixedly connected to the laser welder and configured to slide relative to the main body in a second direction to drive the laser welder to move in the second direction, thereby adjusting the distance between the laser welder and the arc welder in the second direction.

[0007] Optionally, the main body is provided with a first adjustment knob, which is configured to control the sliding of the first slider along the first direction.

[0008] Optionally, the main body is provided with a second adjustment knob, which is configured to control the sliding of the second slider along the second direction.

[0009] Optionally, the distance between the laser welder and the arc welder along the second direction is 0mm to 6mm.

[0010] Optionally, the main body includes a handheld portion configured for an operator to hold the composite welding device; the laser welder is connected to a first end of the main body, the handheld portion extends to a second end of the main body, and the first end and the second portion are arranged opposite to each other along a second direction; and / or, the main body also includes a switch, which is located close to the handheld portion.

[0011] Optionally, the system further includes a composite cable; the laser welder is connected to a first end of the main body, and the composite cable is connected to a second end of the main body, with the first end and the second segment disposed opposite to each other along a second direction; and / or, the composite cable includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe, the first cooling pipe passing through the main body and connected to the laser welder to provide cooling for the laser welder, and the second cooling pipe passing through the movable member and connected to the arc welder to provide cooling for the arc welder; and / or, the composite cable includes a protective gas pipe, the protective gas pipe passing through the movable member and connected to the arc welder to deliver protective gas; and / or, the composite cable includes an arc cable, the arc cable passing through the movable member and connected to the arc welder to provide current and / or welding wire; and / or, the composite cable further includes a laser cable, the laser cable passing through the main body and connected to the laser welder to provide laser light.

[0012] Optionally, the welding process of the composite welding device includes laser-arc composite welding, laser welding, laser filler wire welding, or arc welding.

[0013] According to a second aspect of this application, a composite welding system is provided, comprising: a composite welding apparatus as described above; and an integrated controller connected to and controlling the composite welding apparatus.

[0014] Optionally, the integrated controller includes a housing and a top cover movably connected to the housing, the top cover being configured to move relative to the housing to open a top opening in the housing, and the composite welding device being configured to be received within the housing through the top opening.

[0015] Optionally, the integrated controller includes a process computer for setting process parameters of the composite welding apparatus or viewing the operating status of the composite welding system; and / or, the integrated controller includes an arc welding machine connected to the arc welder of the composite welding apparatus via a composite optical cable; and / or, the integrated controller includes a laser emitter connected to the laser welder of the composite welding apparatus via a composite optical cable; and / or, the integrated controller includes a wire feeder connected to the arc welder of the composite welding apparatus via a composite optical cable; and / or, the integrated controller includes a cooler connected to the composite welding apparatus via a composite optical cable.

[0016] According to a third aspect of this application, a method for operating a composite welding system is also provided, the method comprising: S4. Adjust the first adjustment knob so that the welding wire emitted by the arc welder and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder are on the same straight line; and / or, adjust the second adjustment knob to adjust the distance between the welding wire emitted by the arc welder and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder along the second direction.

[0017] Optionally, before step S4, the method further includes: S1. Understand the welding requirements of the workpiece to be welded; S2. Call the welding process library; S3. Install the welding wire into the wire feeder according to the grade and specifications of the welding wire recommended by the welding process library.

[0018] Optionally, adjusting the second adjustment knob to adjust the distance between the welding wire emitted by the arc welder and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder along the second direction further includes: Adjust the second adjustment knob to adjust the distance between the welding wire emitted by the arc welder and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder along the second direction, so that the distance between the welding wire emitted by the arc welder and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder along the second direction is set to the wire distance recommended by the welding process library.

[0019] In the composite welding apparatus of this application embodiment, a movable component is provided, configured to move relative to the main body, thereby moving one of the laser welder and the arc welder relative to the other, thus adjusting the relative position and orientation between the laser welder and the arc welder. For example, the movable component is fixedly connected to the laser welder. By driving the movable component to move relative to the main body along the cutting direction of the workpiece to be welded, the laser welder is moved relative to the main body along the cutting direction of the workpiece to be welded, thereby adjusting the relative distance between the arc welder and the laser welder along the cutting direction of the workpiece to be welded, and thus adjusting the influence of the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser welder on the welding wire emitted by the arc welder. This allows the composite welding apparatus to adapt the welding process to different workpieces to be welded and reduces the possibility of large welding defects in the workpieces to be welded.

[0020] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the composite welding system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a front view of the integrated controller of the composite welding system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a left-side view of the integrated controller of the composite welding system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a rear view of the integrated controller of the composite welding system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 5 This is a front view of the operation panel of the process computer of the integrated controller of the composite welding system provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the composite cable of the composite welding system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 7This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the composite welding device of the composite welding system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main body of the composite welding device of the composite welding system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the welding process of the composite welding system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 10 This is a built-in welding process library for the composite welding system provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Integrated controller; 11. Process computer; 111. Operation panel; 1011. Emergency stop button; 1012. Indicator light; 1013. Parameter control panel; 12. Arc welding machine; 13. Laser emitter; 14. Wire feeder; 15. Cooler; 161. Housing; 162. Top cover; 17. Composite cable; 171. First cooling pipe; 172. Second cooling pipe; 173. Protective gas pipe; 174. Arc welding cable; 175. Control line; 176. Compressed air pipe; 18. Laser cable; 19. Controller switch; 110. Power cord; 112. Compressed gas inlet; 113. Ground wire; 114. Protective gas inlet; 2. Composite welding device; 20. Moving part; 201. First sliding part; 202. Second sliding part; 21. Main body; 211. Handheld part; 212. Switch; 231. Fixed base; 232. Arc fixed base; 233. Laser fixed base; 24. First adjustment knob; 25. Second adjustment knob; 26. Arc welder; 27. Laser welder; 28. Protective lens; 29. ​​Air knife.

[0024] 3. Gas cylinders; 4. Workpieces to be welded; 5. Welding platform. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0026] Laser-arc hybrid welding technology is a welding method that organically combines a high-energy-density laser beam with an electric arc heat source to form a synergistic composite heat source. In fields such as automotive lightweighting (e.g., aluminum alloy body, high-strength steel welding), shipbuilding (e.g., thick steel welding), and engineering machinery, laser-arc hybrid welding technology has gained widespread application and recognition due to its comprehensive advantages of high efficiency, high quality, and high adaptability.

[0027] In related technologies, laser-arc hybrid welding equipment faces the following technical challenges: First, it requires a laser emitter and an arc welding power source, along with corresponding optical, mechanical, and control systems, resulting in a complex overall system structure and high investment costs. Second, the matching of laser and arc hybrid welding processes is complex, requiring precise adjustment of process parameters such as the energy input ratio, relative position, welding speed, shielding gas type, and flow rate between the laser and arc to achieve the desired hybrid effect. This demands a high level of technical expertise and process debugging experience from welding engineers, making it difficult for beginners to quickly master. Third, laser-arc hybrid welding equipment is bulky and difficult to move, typically fixed in workshops, limiting its application in fieldwork, construction, shipbuilding, and other mobile construction scenarios. Fourth, laser-arc hybrid welding equipment has specific welding position requirements, currently only suitable for common positions such as flat and horizontal welding, with poor adaptability to complex spatial positions such as vertical and overhead welding.

[0028] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a composite welding system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the composite welding system includes an integrated controller 1, a composite welding device 2, a gas cylinder 3, and a welding platform 5.

[0029] The welding platform 5 is used to fix the workpiece 4 to be welded. The material of the workpiece 4 to be welded includes carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, copper or copper alloy.

[0030] The gas cylinder 3 contains welding shielding gas and is connected to the composite welding device 2 through the shielding gas pipe 173 to provide welding shielding gas to the composite welding device 2.

[0031] The integrated controller 1 is connected to the composite welding device 2 via a composite cable 17 to control the welding process of the composite welding device 2. The integrated controller 1 integrates the heat source body for laser-arc composite welding.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the integrated controller 1 includes a housing assembly, within which a process computer 11, an arc welding machine 12, a laser emitter 13, a wire feeder 14, and a cooler 15 are integrated. This results in a high degree of integration for the composite welding system, which helps save on site construction and supporting costs. The process computer 11, the arc welding machine 12, and the laser emitter 13 are all configured for independent maintenance or replacement, thereby reducing the overall downtime and maintenance difficulty of the composite welding system.

[0033] The process computer 11 can be a process computer used to call up and control welding process parameters. Through the process computer, operators can directly access the welding process parameter database, thereby reducing the difficulty of process adjustment for welding operators. The welding process database can be revised and upgraded based on actual welding conditions.

[0034] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown, the process computer 11 includes an operation panel 111, which includes an emergency stop button 1011 and status indicator lights 1012. The emergency stop button 1011 is used to cut off all power to the composite welding system in case of an emergency, thereby stopping the arc welding machine 12 and the laser emitter 13 and protecting personnel safety. The status indicator lights 1012 display the operating status of the composite welding system. For example, when the composite welding system is powered on, the status indicator lights 1012 are illuminated. When the composite welding system has completed preparation and entered the working state, the status indicator lights 1012 are illuminated.

[0035] The operation panel 111 also includes a parameter control screen 1013, which can be a touch-screen display. By adjusting the parameters on the parameter control screen 1013, information such as process parameters, the status of the composite welding system, alarm information, and access to the process parameter library can be viewed and controlled.

[0036] Arc welding machine 12 is used to realize the energy output of arc welding. Laser emitter 13 is used to emit laser. Wire feeder 14 can replace welding wire according to actual welding requirements. Cooler 15 cools laser emitter 13 and composite welding device 2, and coolant inlet is provided on the housing assembly of integrated controller 1 to supply coolant to cooler 15.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the housing assembly of the integrated controller 1 includes a housing 161 and a top cover 162 that are movably connected, wherein the top cover 162 is configured to be movable relative to the housing 161 to open a top opening in the housing 161, through which the composite welding device 2 can be accommodated within the housing 161 to achieve the containment of the composite welding device 2.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the integrated controller 1 is also equipped with an electrically connected controller switch 19, power line 110, and ground line 113. The controller switch 19 can be a rotary switch and is used to control the opening and closing of the integrated controller 1. The power line 110 is the power input line of the integrated controller 1, providing power to the integrated controller 1 and the composite welding device 2. The ground line 113 is the ground line of the arc welding 12, and the ground line 113 is also connected to the welding platform 5 to complete the circuit closure during the welding process.

[0039] The integrated controller 1 is also equipped with a protective gas inlet 114, which is connected to the gas cylinder 3 and the arc welding machine 12 to provide protective gas for the welding process.

[0040] The integrated controller 1 is also provided with a compressed air inlet 112, which provides compressed air to the air knife 29 of the laser welder 27 of the composite welding device 2 to protect the laser welder 27.

[0041] In some embodiments, the laser emitter 13 may be a single-laser fiber laser emitter, a dot-ring fiber laser emitter, a blue laser emitter, a semiconductor laser emitter, or a pulsed laser emitter. Depending on the type of laser emitted by the selected laser emitter 13, the type and thickness of the workpiece 4 to be welded will vary.

[0042] In some embodiments, the arc welding machine 12 may be a DC arc welding machine, a pulse arc welding machine, or a cold metal transition arc welding machine.

[0043] The laser emitter 13 and the arc welding machine 12 can be selected according to the specific welding application scenario, the different welding requirements of the workpiece 4 to be welded, and the different materials, so as to select the appropriate type of laser emitter 13 and arc welding machine 12.

[0044] The composite welding device 2 is configured as a handheld composite welding device. Firstly, compared to a fixed composite welding system, the handheld composite welding device eliminates the need for complex and expensive positioning fixtures, welding positioners, and other auxiliary equipment. Secondly, the handheld composite welding device eliminates the need for heavy-duty fixing devices and lifting equipment, allowing welding operators to move the composite welding device 2 freely. This makes the composite welding device 2 suitable for multi-variety, small-batch production or repair scenarios, and applicable to mobile construction sites such as outdoor, construction, and shipbuilding. Thirdly, the handheld composite welding device 2 is suitable for welding workpieces 4 with complex structures such as curved surfaces, corners, gaps, and irregular shapes. By making the composite welding device 2 easy to hold, the welding operator can freely adjust the welding angle and position of the welding device 2 relative to the workpiece 4, thus facilitating precise welding. It is also suitable for applications where the workpiece 4 is to be welded, such as mold repair, artistic components, irregularly shaped metal parts, and small metal parts requiring multi-angle welding.

[0045] In related technologies, laser-arc hybrid welding equipment includes a hybrid welding torch, which consists of an arc torch and a laser head. For different welding requirements of different workpieces, it is difficult to match and adjust the arc heat source energy of the arc torch with the laser energy, which affects the adaptability of the laser-arc hybrid welding process and may even lead to large welding defects in the workpiece.

[0046] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, the composite welding device 2 includes a main body 21, a laser welder 27, and an arc welder 26. The laser welder 27 is configured to provide a high-energy laser beam to the workpiece 4 to be welded, and the arc welder 26 is configured to provide a welding wire to the workpiece 4 to form a weld, or the arc welder 26 is configured to provide an arc welding wire to the workpiece 4 to form a weld. The arc welding wire is defined as having an electric arc formed by energizing the end of the welding wire and heating the end of the welding wire to melt it, thereby forming a weld.

[0047] The laser welder 27 is equipped with an adjustable collimating lens, the position of which can be adjusted using an electronically controlled signal, thereby achieving two-way adjustment of the laser beam's focus on the welding position of the workpiece 4. The right-angle section of the laser welder 27 has two electrically controlled reflective mirrors, and the emitting mirror is used to oscillate the laser beam. The laser welder 27 also includes a protective mirror 28, which protects the expensive and precise optical components inside the laser welder 27, such as the collimating lens, thus ensuring a stable welding process.

[0048] The laser welder 27 also includes an air knife 29, which is connected to a compressed air pipe 176. During welding, the air knife 29 is used to blow air in front of the protective lens 28, thereby removing most of the spatter and fumes, effectively reducing the possibility of contamination of the protective lens 28, and thus keeping the welding process stable.

[0049] The main body 21 is the supporting body of the composite welding device 2. The laser welder 27 is connected to the front end of the main body 21, and the electric arc welder 26 is connected to the bottom of the main body 21.

[0050] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 7 The main body 21 includes a hand-held part 211, which is the part held by the operator. The hand-held part 211 extends to the end of the main body 21, thereby facilitating the operator to hold the hand.

[0051] In some embodiments, the main body 21 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along a second direction, where the second direction may be the cutting direction of the workpiece 4 to be welded, such as... Figure 7 The direction is shown in the y direction. The laser welder 27 is connected to the first end of the main body 21, and the handheld part 211 extends to the second end of the main body 21. By setting the handheld part 211 at the end of the main body 21 away from the laser welder 27, the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 is prevented from affecting the handheld operation.

[0052] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 7 The main body 21 is also equipped with a switch 212, which can be a manual switch button. By pressing the switch 212, the welding can be controlled to start and stop. The switch 212 is located close to the hand-held part 211 so that the operator can easily press the switch 212 to operate it while holding the hand.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the composite welding device 2 also includes at least one movable member 20, which is fixedly connected to one of the laser welder 27 and the arc welder 26. The movable member 20 is movably connected to the main body 21 and is configured to move relative to the main body 21 to drive one of the laser welder 27 and the arc welder 26 to move relative to the other, thereby adjusting the relative position and orientation between the laser welder 27 and the arc welder 26. For example, the movable part 20 is fixedly connected to the laser welder 27. By driving the movable part 20 to move relative to the main body 21 along the cutting direction of the workpiece 4 to be welded, the laser welder 27 is moved relative to the main body 21 along the cutting direction of the workpiece 4 to be welded. This adjusts the relative distance between the arc welder 26 and the laser welder 27 along the cutting direction of the workpiece 4 to be welded, thereby adjusting the influence of the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 on the welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26. This allows the composite welding device 2 to adjust the welding process adaptability for different workpieces 4 to be welded and reduces the possibility of large welding defects in the workpiece 4 to be welded.

[0054] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The movable component 20 includes a first sliding member 201, which is fixedly connected to the arc welder 26. The first sliding member 201 is configured to slide relative to the main body 21 along a first direction, thereby moving the arc welder 26 along the first direction and causing the welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 and the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 to be on the same straight line, wherein the straight line extends along a second direction, and the first and second directions are intersected. As an example, the second direction is the welding direction of the workpiece 4 to be welded, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The first direction is the x-direction as shown in Figure 7, and the second direction is as shown in Figure 7. Figure 1 The y-direction is shown. Taking the workpiece 4 to be welded as a flat plate as an example, the first direction is set to be perpendicular to the cutting direction of the workpiece 4 to be welded. By driving the first sliding member 201 to slide relative to the main body 21 along the first direction, the welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 and the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 are on the same straight line. That is, the weld formed by the welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 and the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 is on the same straight line, thereby reducing stress concentration and avoiding the formation of cracks.

[0055] In specific embodiments, reference continues to be made to... Figure 7 and Figure 8The main body 21 is provided with a fixed base 231. A first sliding member 201 is connected to one end of the fixed base 231 and is configured to slide relative to the fixed base 231 in a first direction. An arc fixing base 232 is fixedly connected to the first sliding member 201. The arc fixing base 232 is configured to fix the arc welding device 26. The arc welding device 26 is movably connected to the main body 21 through the first sliding member 201.

[0056] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The movable component 20 also includes a second sliding component 202, which is fixedly connected to the laser welder 27. The second sliding component 202 is configured to slide relative to the main body 21 along a second direction, thereby moving the laser welder 27 along the second direction to adjust the distance between the laser welder 27 and the arc welder 26 in the second direction. Taking a flat plate as an example, the first direction is set to be perpendicular to the cutting direction of the workpiece 4, and the second direction is set to the cutting direction of the workpiece 4. By driving the second sliding component 202 to slide relative to the main body 21 along the second direction, the laser welder 27 is moved along the second direction, thereby adjusting the distance between the laser welder 27 and the arc welder 26 in the second direction. For example, when the thickness of the workpiece 4 to be welded is large, the energy of the laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 is correspondingly high, and the keyhole range of the laser welder 27 acting on the workpiece 4 to be welded is large. If the distance between the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 and the welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 in the cutting direction is too small, the laser keyhole formed by the laser welder 27 and the arc weld pool formed by the arc welder 26 will affect each other, making the instability of the weld pool more pronounced and producing defects such as spatter, porosity, and humps. In the embodiment of this application, by driving the second sliding member 202 to move the laser welder 27 relative to the arc welder 26 along the second direction, the distance between the laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 and the welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 along the second direction is increased, thereby matching the energy of the laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 with the energy of the arc welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26, so that the formed laser keyhole and the arc weld pool form a synergistic effect, thereby avoiding the formation of welding defects. When the thickness of the workpiece 4 to be welded is relatively thin, the energy of the laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 is relatively low, and the keyhole range of the laser welder 27 acting on the workpiece 4 to be welded is relatively small. Correspondingly, the laser welder 27 can be moved relative to the arc welder 26 in the second direction by driving the second sliding member 202, thereby reducing the distance in the second direction between the laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 and the welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26. This makes the energy of the laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 match the energy of the arc welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26, so that the formed laser keyhole and the electric arc molten pool form a synergistic effect, while avoiding the formation of welding defects.

[0057] In specific embodiments, reference continues to be made to... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The main body 21 is provided with a fixed seat 231. The second sliding member 202 is connected to the other end of the fixed seat 231 and is configured to slide relative to the fixed seat 231 in a second direction. A laser fixing seat 233 is fixedly connected to the second sliding member 202. The laser fixing seat 233 is configured to fix the laser welder 27. The laser welder 27 is movably connected to the main body 21 through the second sliding member 202.

[0058] It should be noted that during the adjustment process of the aforementioned movable component 20, the first sliding component 201 is preferentially driven to move the arc welder 26 relative to the laser welder 27 along a first direction, so that the arc welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 and the high-energy laser emitted by the laser welder 27 are on the same straight line. Then, the second sliding component 202 is driven to move the laser welder 27 relative to the arc welder 26 along a second direction, so that a suitable interval is formed between the arc welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 and the high-energy laser emitted by the laser welder 27, thereby matching the energy of the arc welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 and the high-energy laser emitted by the laser welder 27 and avoiding the formation of defects.

[0059] In some embodiments, the distance between the laser welder 27 and the arc welder 26 along the second direction ranges from 0mm to 6mm. In a specific embodiment, the distance between the laser welder 27 and the arc welder 26 along the second direction can be 0mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, or any two of the above values, or a range between any two of the above values. Specifically, when the workpiece 4 to be welded is thin, the distance between the laser welder 27 and the arc welder 26 along the second direction is 0mm or less than 3mm. When the workpiece 4 to be welded is thick, the distance between the laser welder 27 and the arc welder 26 along the second direction is not less than 3mm and not more than 6mm.

[0060] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The main body 21 is provided with a first adjustment knob 24. The first adjustment knob 24 can be a manual adjustment knob. The first adjustment knob 24 is connected to the first slider 201 and is configured to control the sliding of the first slider 201 along the first direction.

[0061] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8The main body 21 is provided with a second adjustment knob 25. The second adjustment knob 25 can be a manual adjustment knob. The second adjustment knob 25 is connected to the second slider 202 and is configured to control the sliding of the second slider 202 along the second direction.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the composite welding device 2 is also equipped with a composite cable 17, which is connected to the second end of the main body 21, and the laser welder 27 is connected to the first end of the main body 21. The composite cable 17 is used to connect the integrated controller 1 and the composite welding device 2.

[0063] In some embodiments, the composite cable 17 includes a first cooling pipe 171 and a second cooling pipe 172, wherein the first cooling pipe 171 passes through the main body 21 and is connected to the laser welder 27 to provide cooling for the laser welder 27, and the second cooling pipe 172 passes through the movable member 20 and is connected to the arc welder 26 to provide cooling for the arc welder 26.

[0064] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The composite cable 17 also includes a protective gas tube 173, which passes through the movable part 20 and is connected to the arc welder 26 to supply protective gas to the arc welder 26. Firstly, the use of protective gas during welding isolates air, preventing air from entering the weld pool and forming welding defects such as porosity, and preventing high-temperature oxidation of the workpiece 4, thereby improving the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the weld. Secondly, the use of protective gas during welding helps to form a stable arc. The protective gas supplied by the protective gas tube 173 can be one or more of Ar, He, CO2, and O2.

[0065] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The composite cable 17 also includes an arc cable 174, which passes through the movable part 20 and is connected to the arc welder 26 to provide current and / or welding wire to the arc welder 26. For example, the arc cable 174 has a wire feed tube inside, and the wire feed tube is wrapped with an insulation layer and a shielding layer.

[0066] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The composite cable 17 also includes a laser cable 18, which serves as a channel for the laser emitted by the laser emitter 13. The laser cable 18 passes through the main body 21 and is connected to the laser welder 27 to provide a laser beam to the laser welder 27.

[0067] In some embodiments, the composite cable 17 further includes a signal control line 175, which is electrically connected to the switch 212, the arc welder 26, and the laser welder 27 to transmit control signals and thereby control the welding process.

[0068] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The composite cable 17 also includes a compressed air pipe 176, which is configured as a channel for providing compressed air. The compressed air pipe 176 passes through the main body 21 and is connected to the air knife 29 of the laser welder 27 to provide compressed air to the air knife 29.

[0069] In some embodiments, the welding process of the composite welding device 2 includes laser-arc composite welding, laser welding, laser filler wire welding, or arc welding. The material of the workpiece 4 to be welded can be steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0070] The welding process of the composite welding system is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the welding process includes: Confirm the material type and welding requirements of workpiece 4 to be welded; Welding process parameter setting: Input the model and specifications of the welding material and the selection of the welding heat source in the parameter control screen 1013 of the process computer 11. The selection of the welding heat source mainly involves the selection of the laser type of the laser emitter 13, and the weld formation prediction is performed by calling the welding process library. The welding process library of the hybrid welding system stores welding process data that covers common welding operation scenarios involving materials, thicknesses, and welding structures of the workpieces to be welded. Furthermore, the welding process library incorporates artificial intelligence algorithms. Based on extensive prior learning from welding process parameters and weld formation data of the hybrid welding system, the AI ​​algorithm in the welding process library can output predicted weld formation quantities according to pre-selected factors such as the material and welding process parameters of the workpiece to be welded.

[0071] Welding and Inspection: After completing the above welding process parameter setting procedure, the welding operator uses the composite welding device 2 to perform the welding operation and inspects the weld formation result. If the weld formation result does not meet the requirements, the welding process parameters are corrected to repeat the welding operation on the workpiece 4 until the weld formation result is qualified and the target welding operation is completed.

[0072] The specific welding operation steps are as follows: S1. Understand the material type and welding requirements of the workpiece 4 to be welded; S2. In the parameter control screen 1013 of the process computer 11 of the integrated controller 1, such as Figure 10 As shown, the welding process library is called. The parameters involved in the welding process library include: welding material type, structure and thickness of the workpiece to be welded, and welding process requirements of the workpiece to be welded. The welding process library will provide recommended variable factors. The operator can directly set laser welding parameters, arc welding parameters, laser oscillation parameters, select welding wire, laser wire position and welding speed on the parameter control screen 1013. S3. Based on the welding wire grade and specifications, shielding gas type and flow rate recommended by the process parameter library, install the welding wire inside the wire feeder 14. S4. Adjust the first adjustment knob 24 so that the welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 are on the same straight line, and the direction of this straight line is the same as the second direction. And / or, adjust the second adjustment knob 25 so that the interval between the welding wire emitted by the arc welder 26 and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder 27 along the second direction is set to the wire spacing value given by the process parameter library; S5. After selecting the above process parameters, the process parameter library will provide the weld formation predicted by the artificial intelligence algorithm, including weld reinforcement height, weld width and weld penetration, etc. Based on the predicted weld formation results, it will be determined whether the weld meets the welding requirements of the workpiece to be welded. S6. Prepare the workpiece to be welded, and perform pre-welding cleaning of the welding area and fixation of the workpiece 4 to be welded. S7. The operator begins welding; S8. Complete the welding and perform weld inspection; S9. If the weld inspection fails, the welding process parameters shall be corrected and the welding shall be repeated. S10. If the weld inspection is qualified, the welding operation is completed.

[0073] For workpieces with different requirements, this application also provides welding operation steps according to Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4.

[0074] Example 1 The welding requirements for the workpiece are: laser-arc hybrid welding of 4mm thick 304 stainless steel. The welding operation steps are as follows: S1. The workpiece 4 to be welded is a plate made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 4mm. The workpiece structure is a flat butt joint. The weld formation requirements are full penetration and weld reinforcement of less than 2mm. S2. Select the welding process library on the parameter control screen 1013 and set it according to the material type, welding structure and thickness of the workpiece to be welded and the welding process requirements. S3. The welding process library recommends using 308 welding wire with a diameter of 1.2mm and installing the welding wire inside the wire feeder 14. The recommended shielding gas is a mixture of 97.5%Ar + 2.5%CO with a flow rate of 17L / min. The recommended laser is a 5000W laser with a core diameter of 200μm. S4: The recommended wire spacing in the welding process library is 3mm. Adjust the first adjustment knob 24 to keep the welding wire and laser beam in a straight line, the same as the second direction. Adjust the second adjustment knob 25 to make the distance between the center of the laser spot and the center of the welding wire 3mm. S5: The welding parameters recommended by the welding process library are: laser power 3000W, welding current 220A, arc voltage 19.7V, defocusing amount 0mm, oscillation shape circular, oscillation width 1mm, and oscillation frequency 100Hz. S6: After selecting the above process parameters, the welding process library predicts the weld formation as follows: reinforcement height 1.8mm, weld width 2.6mm, and penetration depth. S7: Clean the welding area of ​​workpiece 4, remove oxides and oil stains, and fix it on the worktable; S8: The operator begins welding; S9: Complete welding, perform weld inspection, and ensure weld requirements are met; S10: Welding operation completed.

[0075] Example 2 The welding requirements for the workpiece to be welded are: arc welding of Q235 carbon steel with a thickness of 4mm.

[0076] S1: The workpiece to be welded is a plate, made of Q235 carbon steel, with a thickness of 4mm. The workpiece structure is a flat butt joint. The weld formation requirements are full penetration and weld reinforcement of less than 3mm. S2: Select the welding process library on the parameter control screen 1013 and set it according to the above material type, welding structure and thickness, and required process method; S3: The welding process library recommends using ER50-6 welding wire with a diameter of 1.2mm. The welding wire is installed inside the wire feeder 14. It is recommended to use a mixture of 82%Ar + 12%CO2 as the welding shielding gas with a gas flow rate of 17L / min. S4: After selecting the above process parameters, the welding process library predicts the weld formation as follows: reinforcement height 2.5mm, weld width 3.4mm, and penetration depth. S5: Clean the welding area of ​​the workpiece to be welded, remove oxides and oil stains, and fix it on the worktable; S6: The operator begins welding; S7: Complete welding, perform weld inspection, and ensure weld requirements are met; S8: Welding operation completed.

[0077] Example 3 The welding requirements for the workpiece to be welded are: laser filler wire welding of 6061 aluminum alloy with a thickness of 4mm.

[0078] S1: The material of the welding plate is 6061 aluminum alloy with a thickness of 4mm. The workpiece structure is a flat butt joint. The weld formation requirements are full penetration and excess height of less than 2mm. S2: Select the welding process library on the parameter control screen 1013 and set it according to the above material type, welding structure and thickness, and required process method; S3: The welding process library recommends using 5083 welding wire with a diameter of 1.2mm. The welding wire should be installed inside the wire feeder 14. Ar is recommended as the welding shielding gas with a flow rate of 17L / min. The recommended laser is a 5000W laser with a core diameter of 100μm. S4: The welding process library recommends a wire spacing of 0mm. Adjust the first adjustment knob 24 to keep the welding wire and laser in a straight line, the same as the second direction. Adjust the second adjustment knob 25 to make the distance between the center of the laser spot and the center of the welding wire 0mm. S5: The welding parameters recommended by the welding process library are: laser power 2500W, defocusing amount 0mm, oscillation shape circular, oscillation width 1.2mm, and oscillation frequency 100Hz. S6: After selecting the above process parameters, the welding process library predicts the weld formation as follows: reinforcement height 1.5mm, weld width 3.2mm, and penetration depth. S7: Clean the welding area of ​​workpiece 4, remove oxides and oil stains, and fix it on the worktable; S8: The operator begins welding; S9: Complete welding, perform weld inspection, and ensure weld requirements are met; S10: Welding operation completed.

[0079] Example 4 The welding requirements for the workpiece to be welded are: 4mm thick copper ring laser welding.

[0080] S1: The workpiece 4 to be welded is a plate made of copper with a thickness of 4mm. The workpiece structure is a flat butt joint. The weld formation requirements are full penetration and weld reinforcement of less than 2mm. S2: Select the welding process library on the parameter control screen 1013 and set it according to the above material type, welding structure and thickness, and required process method; S3: The welding process library recommends using Ar as the welding shielding gas, with a flow rate of 17 L / min. The recommended laser is a 5000 / 3000W ring laser with a core diameter of 50 / 150 μm. S4: The welding parameters recommended by the welding process library are: laser power 4000 / 3000W, defocusing amount 0mm, oscillation shape circular, oscillation width 1.5mm, and oscillation frequency 150Hz. S5: After selecting the above process parameters, the welding process library predicts the weld formation as follows: reinforcement height 1.0mm, weld width 3mm, and penetration depth. S6: Clean the welding area of ​​the workpiece 4 to be welded, remove oxides and oil stains, and fix it on the worktable; S7: The operator begins welding; S8: Complete welding, perform weld inspection, and ensure weld requirements are met; S9: Welding operation completed.

[0081] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0082] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0083] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0084] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A composite welding device (2), characterized in that, include: Main body (21); A laser welder (27) and an electric arc welder (26) are both connected to the main body (21). At least one movable element (20) is fixed to one of the laser welder (27) and the arc welder (26) and configured to be movable relative to the main body (21) to drive one of the laser welder (27) and the arc welder (26) to move relative to the other.

2. The composite welding device (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable part (20) includes a first sliding member (201), which is fixedly connected to the arc welder (26) and configured to slide relative to the main body (21) in a first direction to drive the arc welder (26) to move in the first direction, and to make the welding wire emitted by the arc welder (26) and the laser emitted by the laser welder (27) lie on the same straight line, the straight line extending in a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersecting. And / or, the movable part (20) includes a second sliding part (202), which is fixedly connected to the laser welder (27) and configured to slide relative to the main body (21) in a second direction to drive the laser welder (27) to move in the second direction, thereby adjusting the distance between the laser emitted by the laser welder (27) and the welding wire emitted by the arc welder (26) in the second direction.

3. The composite welding device (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main body (21) is provided with a first adjustment knob (24), which is configured to control the sliding of the first slider (201) along the first direction; And / or, the main body (21) is provided with a second adjustment knob (25), which is configured to control the sliding of the second slider (202) along the second direction.

4. The composite welding device (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the laser welder (27) and the arc welder (26) along the second direction is 0 mm to 6 mm.

5. The composite welding apparatus (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The main body (21) includes a handheld part (211) configured for an operator to hold the composite welding device (2). The laser welder (27) is connected to the first end of the main body (21), and the handheld part (211) extends to the second end of the main body (21). The first end and the second end are arranged opposite to each other along a second direction. And / or, the main body (21) is also provided with a switch, which is located near the handheld part (211).

6. The composite welding apparatus (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes composite cables (17); The laser welder (27) is connected to the first end of the main body (21), and the composite cable (17) is connected to the second end of the main body (21). The first end and the second end are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction. And / or, the composite cable (17) includes a first cooling pipe (171) and a second cooling pipe (172), the first cooling pipe (171) passing through the main body (21) and connected to the laser welder (27) to provide cooling for the laser welder (27), and the second cooling pipe (172) passing through the movable part (20) and connected to the arc welder (26) to provide cooling for the arc welder (26); And / or, the composite cable (17) includes a protective gas tube (173) that passes through the movable part (20) and is connected to the arc welder (26) to deliver protective gas; And / or, the composite cable (17) includes an arc cable (174) that passes through the movable part (20) and is connected to the arc welder (26) to provide current and / or welding wire; And / or, the composite cable (17) further includes a laser cable (18) that passes through the body (21) and is connected to the laser welder (27) to provide laser.

7. The composite welding apparatus (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The welding process of the composite welding device includes laser-arc composite welding, laser welding, laser filler wire welding, or arc welding.

8. A composite welding system, characterized in that, include: The composite welding apparatus (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 7; An integrated controller (1) is connected to the composite welding device (2) and controls the composite welding device (2).

9. The composite welding system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The integrated controller (1) includes a housing (161) and a top cover (162) movably connected to the housing (161), the top cover (162) being configured to be movable relative to the housing (161) to open a top opening of the housing (161), and the composite welding device (2) being configured to be accommodated within the housing (161) through the top opening.

10. The composite welding system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The integrated controller (1) includes a process computer (11), which is used to set the welding process parameters of the composite welding system or to view the working status of the composite welding system. And / or, the integrated controller (1) includes an arc welding machine (12), which is connected to the arc welder (26) of the composite welding device (2) via a composite optical cable. And / or, the integrated controller (1) includes a laser emitter (13), which is connected to the laser welder (27) of the composite welding device via a composite optical cable. And / or, the integrated controller (1) includes a wire feeder (14) which is connected to the arc welder (26) of the composite welding device (2) via a composite optical cable. And / or, the integrated controller (1) includes a cooler connected to the composite welding device (2) via a composite optical cable.

11. A method of operating a composite welding system, used in the composite welding system according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that, The operation method includes: S4. Adjust the first adjustment knob (24) so ​​that the welding wire emitted by the arc welder (26) and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder (27) are on the same straight line; and / or, adjust the second adjustment knob (25) to adjust the distance between the welding wire emitted by the arc welder (26) and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder (27) along the second direction.

12. The method of operating the composite welding system according to claim 11, characterized in that, Before S4, it also includes: S1. Understand the welding requirements of the workpiece (4) to be welded; S2. Call the welding process library; S3. According to the welding wire grade and specifications recommended by the welding process library, install the welding wire in the wire feeder (14).

13. The operation method of the composite welding system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The adjustment of the second adjustment knob (25) to adjust the distance between the welding wire emitted by the arc welder (26) and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder (27) along the second direction further includes: Adjust the second adjustment knob (25) to adjust the distance between the welding wire emitted by the arc welder (26) and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder (27) along the second direction, and set the distance between the welding wire emitted by the arc welder (26) and the laser beam emitted by the laser welder (27) along the second direction to the wire distance recommended by the welding process library.

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