Dual-purpose bidirectional impact hammer for well drilling and salvage and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a well drilling and salvage dual-purpose bidirectional impact hammer and a using method, the well drilling and salvage dual-purpose bidirectional impact hammer comprises a power assembly, an anti-falling assembly, a transmission assembly and an impact assembly, and the transmission assembly and the impact assembly form a mutually matched and connected matching structure; a turbine stator and a turbine rotor are installed in a power outer cylinder of the power assembly and serve as a power source provided by equipment, meanwhile, an upper impact cam base arranged in the impact generation assembly is meshed with a bidirectional cam anvil in a sliding mode in the circumferential direction, downward high-frequency impact force is generated and transmitted to a drill bit, and rotary impact rock breaking is conducted. According to the built-in lower impact cam seat, when complex conditions are encountered in the drilling process or drilling resistance is encountered, the bidirectional cam anvil is separated from the upper impact cam seat and is in sliding engagement with the lower impact cam seat in the circumferential direction, upward high-frequency impact force is generated to a drill column and a clamping point, and the purpose of vibration clamping releasing is achieved. The two-way function of forward downward rotation impact rock breaking drilling and reverse upward rotation impact jam releasing when drilling is stopped is achieved, and the safety of well drilling is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of oilfield drilling and workover tools, in particular to a drilling and fishing dual-purpose bidirectional impact hammer and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Impact hammers have been widely used in the drilling and workover industry, that is, they can complete forward rotation impact drilling of conventional drill bits, but when complex downhole accidents or sticking occur during drilling, there are generally two methods to achieve unblocking or fishing in the prior art. The first method needs to reverse the drill string, pull out the drill string, re-enter the fishing tool and the fishing jar for fishing. This method takes a long time, often misses the best fishing and unblocking opportunity, increases the fishing difficulty and even causes the loss of unblocking. The second method is to start the jar for unblocking at any time by entering the jar for unblocking along with the impact hammer. The impact hammer and the jar for unblocking are needed to be entered at the same time, which not only increases the cost of the tools but also increases the complexity of the drill string and the risk of drilling.

[0003] Therefore, the existing impact hammer and jar have the problems of single function, complex structure and high use cost, which need to be further improved. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a drilling and fishing dual-purpose bidirectional impact hammer and a use method thereof. Two sets of impact generating mechanisms are built in the tool. The bidirectional function of forward downward rotation impact rock breaking drilling and upward rotation impact unblocking when pulling out the drill string is achieved by changing the length of the tool. The safety of drilling is improved. The tool will not fall into the well in the case of fracture at any position of the lower end of the swivel joint through the anti-falling assembly, which improves the safety of drilling, thereby overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is a drilling and fishing dual-purpose bidirectional impact hammer, which comprises a power assembly, an anti-falling assembly is arranged at one end of the power assembly, a transmission assembly is arranged at the other end of the power assembly, an impact assembly is connected to the end of the transmission assembly away from the power assembly, and a matching connection structure is formed between the transmission assembly and the impact assembly, wherein,

[0006] The power assembly comprises a power outer cylinder and a power main shaft. The inner side of the power outer cylinder is hollow, and the power main shaft is arranged in the inner side of the power outer cylinder. A plurality of turbine stators and turbine rotors are sleeved on the outer side wall of the power main shaft.

[0007] The anti-falling assembly comprises an anti-falling swivel joint and an anti-falling connecting rod. The inner side of the anti-falling swivel joint is hollow. The anti-falling connecting rod is arranged in the inner side of the anti-falling swivel joint, and one end of the anti-falling connecting rod is connected with the power outer cylinder.

[0008] The impact assembly comprises an upper impact outer cylinder and a lower impact outer cylinder, an impact mandrel, a bidirectional cam anvil is arranged between the upper impact outer cylinder and the lower impact outer cylinder to connect them to each other, the impact mandrel is internally provided with a central water hole, the upper impact outer cylinder and the lower impact outer cylinder are internally provided with the central water hole, the lower impact outer cylinder is internally provided with a lower impact cam seat, the upper impact outer cylinder is internally provided with an upper impact cam seat, the lower impact cam seat is in circumferential direction sliding engagement with one end of the bidirectional cam anvil, and the upper impact cam seat is in circumferential direction sliding engagement with the other end of the bidirectional cam anvil.

[0009] A righting bearing is arranged between the impact mandrel and the lower impact outer cylinder, the righting bearing is arranged at the connection between the lower impact outer cylinder and the impact mandrel, and the inner side wall of the righting bearing is provided with a wear-resistant layer, and a water groove is arranged on one end face.

[0010] Further, the transmission assembly comprises a transmission outer cylinder, a transmission main shaft, the transmission main shaft is arranged in the transmission outer cylinder, the transmission main shaft is provided with a central water hole, and a string bearing is arranged between the transmission main shaft and the inner side wall of the transmission outer cylinder, an upper sliding force bearing group and a lower sliding force bearing group, a water cap is arranged at the inner side opening of the end of the transmission outer cylinder away from the impact assembly, the water cap is hollow inside, and the inner side wall of the water cap is provided with a water hole penetrating in and out.

[0011] The connecting and matching structure comprises a shear pin and a torque transmission sliding sleeve.

[0012] The shear pin is arranged at the inner side opening of the transmission main shaft close to the upper impact outer cylinder.

[0013] The transmission sleeve is internally provided with a central water hole, the transmission sleeve is arranged in the upper impact outer cylinder, one end of the transmission sleeve is connected with the torque transmission sliding sleeve, the other end of the transmission sleeve is provided with a shear pin ring groove, the shear pin protruding end is connected with the inner side of the shear pin ring groove, a pressure bearing sleeve is arranged between the transmission main shaft and the torque transmission sliding sleeve, the end of the transmission main shaft is located between the pressure bearing sleeve and the torque transmission sliding sleeve, a limiting cap is arranged at the end of the transmission main shaft and between the pressure bearing sleeve and the torque transmission sliding sleeve, and a spline groove stroke cavity is formed between the transmission main shaft and the torque transmission sliding sleeve.

[0014] Further, a connecting thread is arranged at the inner side of the opening of the other end of the anti-falling adapter, and an upper hole, a large-belly hole and a lower hole are sequentially arranged at the inner side of the anti-falling adapter towards the power main shaft.

[0015] Further, the anti-falling connecting rod comprises:

[0016] An outer hexagonal part is arranged at the inner side of the large-belly hole, and an anti-falling disc is arranged at the side end face close to the lower hole.

[0017] Anti-drop connecting post, the anti-drop connecting post is disposed on the end face of the anti-drop disc away from the outer hexagon, and protrudes through the inner side of the lower hole toward the inner side of the power outer cylinder;

[0018] An anti-drop connector is provided on the end face of the anti-drop connecting post away from the anti-drop connecting post, and the other end is threadedly connected to the power spindle.

[0019] Furthermore, the power spindle is an optical shaft in the middle, and multiple turbine rotors are sleeved on its upper side. The turbine rotors are paired with the same number of turbine stators and are set on the power spindle inside the power outer cylinder. One end of the power spindle is threadedly connected to the anti-drop connecting rod, and the other end is threadedly connected to the water cap.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper sliding bearing assembly includes:

[0021] The upper TC bearing moving ring is disposed on the transmission main shaft on the side of the string bearing away from the transmission torsion sleeve, and a wear-resistant layer is provided on the outer sidewall of the upper TC bearing moving ring;

[0022] The upper TC bearing stationary ring is disposed between the upper TC bearing moving ring and the inner side wall of the transmission outer cylinder;

[0023] The sliding bearing assembly includes:

[0024] The lower TC bearing moving ring is disposed on the transmission main shaft, and a wear-resistant layer is provided on the outer side wall;

[0025] The lower TC bearing stationary ring is disposed between the lower TC bearing moving ring and the inner side wall of the transmission outer cylinder.

[0026] Furthermore, the outer sidewall of the transmission spindle near the torsion sleeve is provided with multiple sets of spline grooves, and the spline ribs are slidably connected to the inner side of the spline grooves.

[0027] The outer sidewall of the torsion transmission sleeve is provided with spline ribs arranged at intervals in a circular pattern and located inside the spline groove stroke cavity. Between the torsion transmission sleeve and the upper impact outer cylinder, and on the side of the limiting cap away from the transmission main shaft, there are sequentially arranged a thrust bearing, adjusting washer, disc spring, shock pad, upper impact cam seat and lower impact cam seat located on the upper side of the impact spindle. The outer sidewalls of the lower impact cam seat and the upper impact cam seat are provided with arc grooves. The two end faces of the adjusting washer are respectively provided with the same number of water grooves and are connected axially along the outer generatrix.

[0028] Furthermore, the impact mandrel is provided with a lower male spline and an upper male spline, respectively, located inside the upper impact outer cylinder and inside the lower impact outer cylinder.

[0029] Furthermore, the inner sidewall of one end of the upper impact cam seat is provided with multiple sets of upper spline grooves, and the upper male spline is connected to the inner side of the upper spline groove. The other end forms an upper cam, and the upper cam is connected to the bidirectional cam anvil.

[0030] The lower impact cam seat has multiple sets of lower spline grooves on the inner sidewall of one end, and the lower male spline formed therein is connected to the inner side of the lower spline groove. The other end forms a lower cam. The bidirectional cam anvil has a smooth outer circle in the middle section and threaded outer sidewalls at both ends, which are respectively connected to the upper impact outer cylinder and the lower impact outer cylinder. One end has an upper cam seat that slides in the circumferential direction with the upper cam, and the number of upper cam seats corresponds to the number of upper cams. The other end has a lower cam seat that slides in the circumferential direction with the lower cams symmetrically arranged on the lower impact cam seat, and the number of lower cam seats corresponds to the number of lower cams. The number of upper cam seats and lower cam seats is at least one.

[0031] A dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing, and its method of use, characterized by the following specific steps:

[0032] Step 1: The axial pressure stroke is closed. Normal pump circulation begins, drilling pressure is applied downwards, and the drill string rotates for impact drilling. That is, the turbine stator and turbine rotor inside the power cylinder of the power assembly convert the hydraulic energy of the power fluid into the mechanical energy of the drill bit rotation. Through the transmission assembly and the impact generation assembly, the torque and speed are transmitted to the drill bit for downward rotational drilling and rock breaking. At this time, the drill bit and the impact hammer are under pressure. The upper impact cam seat built into the upper part of the impact generation assembly slides and meshes with the bidirectional cam anvil in the circumferential direction, generating a downward high-frequency impact force and transmitting it to the drill bit to assist the drill bit in rotating impact rock breaking.

[0033] Step two: The axial tension stroke opens, the pump is started and circulated normally, the drill string is pulled upwards, and the drill string is rotated to impact and release the stuck part. That is, when encountering complex situations such as stuck drill bit during drilling or when encountering resistance after drilling is completed, the drill string is pulled upwards. When the pulling force reaches a certain value, the shear spike is cut, the impact hammer is pulled out, the limit switch is opened, the bidirectional cam anvil is disengaged from the upper impact cam seat, and it slides and engages with the lower impact cam seat built into the lower part of the impact generator assembly in the circumferential direction. When the pump is started, an upward high-frequency impact force is delivered to the drill string and the stuck point, which achieves the purpose of vibration and release in the first time.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: The structure comprises four parts: an anti-drop assembly, a power assembly, a transmission assembly, and an impact generating assembly. The power assembly's outer cylinder houses a turbine stator and a turbine rotor, converting the hydraulic energy of the power fluid into the mechanical energy of the drill bit's rotation. Through the transmission assembly and the impact generating assembly, torque and rotational speed are transmitted to the drill bit for downward rotational drilling and rock breaking. At this time, the drill bit and impact hammer are under pressure. The upper impact cam seat, built into the impact generating assembly, slides and meshes with the bidirectional cam anvil in the circumferential direction, generating a downward high-frequency impact force and transmitting it to the drill bit, assisting the drill bit in rotational impact. Rock breaking; the impact generating assembly also has a built-in lower impact cam seat. During drilling, if encountering complex situations such as stuck drill bit or encountering resistance during tripping, the drill string continues to be lifted. When the lifting force reaches a certain value, the limit switch opens, the bidirectional cam anvil disengages from the upper impact cam seat, and slides into the lower impact cam seat in a circumferential direction. Starting the pump generates an upward high-frequency impact force delivered to the drill string and the stuck point, achieving immediate vibration and release. This realizes a two-way function of forward downward rotating impact rock breaking drilling and reverse upward rotating impact release when encountering resistance during tripping, not only increasing drilling speed and efficiency but also improving drilling safety. The built-in two sets of impact generating components, by changing the tool length, achieve a two-way function of forward downward rotating impact rock breaking drilling and reverse upward rotating impact release when encountering resistance during tripping, not only increasing drilling speed and efficiency but also improving drilling safety; the mechanical turbine stator and turbine rotor have a long service life and good high-temperature resistance; the anti-drop assembly set on the upper part of the tool prevents the tool from falling into the well in the event of breakage at any part of the lower end of the adapter, improving drilling safety. The limited axial sliding stroke generated by the inner spline of the transmission sleeve at the lower end of the transmission spindle and the limit cap, along with the setting of the shear pin locking mechanism, solves the problem of obtaining two impact positions by changing the stroke. The hydraulic bidirectional impact hammer realizes the setting of anti-drop mechanism, power mechanism, transmission and stroke changing mechanism, and upper and lower impact mechanism from top to bottom, and has the advantages of compact structure, powerful function, and reliable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-drop adapter.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the anti-drop linkage;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the power spindle;

[0040] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the water cap structure;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the moving ring of the upper TC bearing;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the moving ring of the lower TC bearing;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the torsion transmission sleeve.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission spindle;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the upper impact cam seat;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bidirectional cam anvil;

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the lower impact cam seat;

[0048] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the outer circle of the bidirectional cam anvil in conjunction with the cams of the upper and lower impact cam seats.

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting washer.

[0050] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the straightening bearing.

[0051] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the impact mandrel;

[0052] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impact assembly and the transmission assembly in use together;

[0053] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, showing the fracture of the shear pin and the displacement state of the impact mandrel product.

[0054] Figure 20 yes Figure 19 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Anti-drop assembly, 1-1-Anti-drop adapter, 1-2-Anti-drop connecting rod, 2-Power assembly, 2-1-Power outer cylinder, 2-2-Power main shaft, 2-3-Turbine stator, 2-4-Turbine rotor, 2-5-Spacer, 3-Transmission assembly, 3-1-Water cap, 3-2-Transmission outer cylinder, 3-3-Upper TC bearing moving ring, 3-4-Upper TC bearing stationary ring, 3-5-String bearing, 3-6-Transmission main shaft, 3-7-Lower TC bearing moving ring, 3-8-Lower T C-Bearing stationary ring, 3-9-Shear pin, 4-Impact assembly, 4-1-Torque transmission sleeve, 4-2-Pressure sleeve, 4-3-Limit cap, 4-4-Thrust bearing, 4-5-Adjusting washer, 4-6-Disc spring, 4-7-Impact pad, 4-8-Upper impact outer cylinder, 4-9-Upper impact cam seat, 4-10-Double-direction cam anvil, 4-11-Lower impact cam seat, 4-12-Lower impact outer cylinder, 4-13-Straightening bearing, 4-14-Impact spindle, 4-15-Spline groove stroke cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0058] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0059] See Figures 1-20This invention discloses a dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing, comprising a power assembly 2. One end of the power assembly 2 is equipped with an anti-drop assembly 1, and the other end with a transmission assembly 3. An impact assembly 4 is connected to the end of the transmission assembly 3 away from the power assembly 2. The transmission assembly 3 and the impact assembly 4 form a mutually cooperating connection structure. The power assembly 2 includes a power outer cylinder 2-1 and a power main shaft 2-2. The inner side of the power outer cylinder 2-1 is hollow, and the power main shaft 2-2 is disposed inside the power outer cylinder 2-1. Multiple sets of turbine stators 2-3 and turbine rotors 2-4 are sleeved on the outer sidewall of shaft 2-2 to convert the hydraulic energy of the power fluid into rotational mechanical energy; the anti-fall assembly 1 includes an anti-fall conversion joint 1-1 and an anti-fall connecting rod 1-2. The inner side of the anti-fall conversion joint 1-1 is hollow, and the anti-fall connecting rod 1-2 is arranged inside the anti-fall conversion joint 1-1. One end of the anti-fall connecting rod 1-2 is connected to the power outer cylinder 2-1, which can prevent the outer cylinder from breaking and falling into the well; the impact assembly 4 includes an upper impact outer cylinder 4-8 and a lower impact outer cylinder 4- 12. Impact mandrel 4-14: The upper impact outer cylinder 4-8 and the lower impact outer cylinder 4-12 are connected by a bidirectional cam anvil 4-10. The connection can be a common threaded connection. The impact mandrel 4-14 has a central water inlet on its inner side, located inside both the upper and lower impact outer cylinders 4-8 and 4-12. The exposed portion of the lower impact outer cylinder 4-12 has a threaded section on its inner side as the lower end 410, used to connect to the rotating head. The lower impact outer cylinder 4-12 has a lower impact cam seat 4-11 on its inner side. The formed impact mandrel 4-14 is located at one end of the upper impact outer cylinder 4-8 and is connected to the formed torsion transmission sleeve 4-1 by a threaded engagement, so that the torsion transmission sleeve 4-1 is sleeved on the impact mandrel 4-14. The lower impact outer cylinder 4-12 is provided with a lower impact cam seat 4-11 on its inner side, and the upper impact outer cylinder 4-8 is provided with an upper impact cam seat 4-9 on its inner side. The lower impact cam seat 4-11 and one end of the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 form a circumferential sliding engagement, and the upper impact cam seat 4-9 and the other end of the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 form a circumferential sliding engagement.

[0060] Specifically, the transmission assembly 3 includes a transmission outer cylinder 3-2 and a transmission main shaft 3-6. The transmission main shaft 3-6 is located inside the transmission outer cylinder 3-2. The transmission main shaft 3-6 has a central water inlet and a cascade bearing 3-5 is provided between it and the inner sidewall of the transmission outer cylinder 3-2. It also includes an upper sliding bearing assembly and a lower sliding bearing assembly that bear radial forces. A water cap 3-1 is provided at the inner opening of the transmission outer cylinder 3-2 away from the impact assembly 4. The water cap 3-1 is hollow inside, and its inner sidewall has a through-hole 3-1-1. The formed water hole 3-1-1 can collect most of the power fluid flowing out of the power assembly 2 into the central water inlet of the transmission main shaft 3-6, and a small portion flows into the lower cavity through the flow-limiting channel formed between the upper sliding bearing assemblies. The connecting structure includes a shear pin 3-9 and a torsion sleeve 4-1. The shear pin 3-9 is located near the inner opening of the upper impact outer cylinder 4-8 on the transmission main shaft 3-6; the inner side of the torque transmission sleeve 4-1 is provided with a central water hole, which is located inside the upper impact outer cylinder 4-8. One end of the sleeve is connected to the torque transmission sleeve 4-1, and the outer side wall of the other end is provided with a shear pin annular groove 4-1-1. The protruding end of the shear pin 3-9 is connected to the inner side of the shear pin annular groove 4-1-1. A pressure-bearing sleeve 4-2 is provided between the torque transmission sleeve 4-1 and the inner side wall of the upper impact outer cylinder 4-8. One end of the transmission main shaft 3-6 is located between the pressure-bearing sleeve 4-2 and the torque transmission sleeve 4-1. A limiting cap 4-3 is provided at the end of the transmission main shaft 3-6 and between the pressure-bearing sleeve 4-2 and the torque transmission sleeve 4-1. A spline groove stroke cavity 4-15 is formed between the transmission main shaft 3-6 and the torque transmission sleeve 4-1.

[0061] Specifically, the other end of the anti-drop adapter 1-1 has a connecting thread on its inner side, and the inner side facing the power spindle 2-2 has an upper hole 1-1-1, a large hole 1-1-2, and a lower hole 1-1-3 in sequence. The connecting thread formed by the anti-drop adapter 1-1 serves as the upper end for connection with the drill bit 110. The lower hole 1-1-3 has the smallest diameter, the large hole 1-1-2 in the middle has the largest diameter, and the upper hole 1-1-1 has the next largest diameter.

[0062] Specifically, the anti-drop connecting rod 1-2 includes an outer hexagonal 1-2-1, which is located inside the large hole 1-1-2, and an anti-drop disc 1-2-2 is provided on the end face near the lower hole 1-1-3; an anti-drop connecting post 1-2-3, which is located on the end face of the anti-drop disc 1-2-2 away from the outer hexagonal 1-2-1, and protrudes through the inner side of the lower hole 1-1-3 toward the inner side of the power outer cylinder 2-1; and an anti-drop connector 1-2-4, which is located on the end face of the anti-drop connecting post 1-2-3 away from the anti-drop connecting post 1-2-3, and the other end is threaded to the power main shaft 2-2. The lower end of the anti-drop connecting rod 1-2 is threaded to the power spindle 2-2, and the upper end is a hexagonal 1-2-1 for fastening. The outer diameter of the anti-drop disc 1-2-1 in the middle is between the lower hole 1-1-3 and the upper hole 1-1-1, but cannot pass through the lower hole 1-1-3, thus playing the role of preventing drop.

[0063] Specifically, the power spindle 2-2-1 has a smooth shaft in the middle, and multiple turbine rotors 2-4 are sleeved on the upper side. Each turbine rotor 2-4 is paired with the same number of turbine stators 2-3 and is set on the power spindle inside the power outer cylinder 2-1. One end of the power spindle 2-2-1 is threadedly connected to the anti-drop connecting rod 1-2, and the other end is threadedly connected to the water cap 3-1 to axially press the inner ring of the turbine rotor 2-4. Each turbine rotor 2-4 is paired with the same number of turbine stators 2-3 and is installed together in the power outer cylinder 2-1. Both ends of the power outer cylinder 2-1 are threadedly connected to the anti-drop conversion joint 1-1 and the transmission outer cylinder 3-2, respectively, and axially press the outer ring of the turbine stator 2-3 together with the spacers 2-5 respectively set on the upper and lower sides of the turbine stator 2-3. The power assembly 2 can also be replaced by a screw motor or an electric motor.

[0064] Specifically, the upper sliding bearing assembly includes an upper TC bearing moving ring 3-3, which is disposed on the transmission main shaft 3-6 on the side of the tandem bearing 3-5 away from the transmission sleeve 4-1. A wear-resistant layer 3-3-2 is provided on the outer sidewall of the upper TC bearing moving ring 3-3. An upper TC bearing stationary ring 3-4 is disposed between the upper TC bearing moving ring 3-3 and the inner sidewall of the transmission outer cylinder 3-2. The wear-resistant layer 3-3-2 forms a sliding fit with the upper TC bearing stationary ring 3-4. One end of the upper TC bearing moving ring 3-3 has a raised rib 3-3-1 that can engage with the notch 3-1-2 formed on the end face of the water cap 3-1. The outer end face of the transmission spindle 3-6 forms an external thread that connects to the inner side of the water cap 3-1, enabling axial compression of the tandem bearing 3-5. A water hole 3-1-1 forms in the middle of the water cap 3-1, collecting most of the power fluid flowing from the power assembly 2 into the central water inlet of the transmission spindle 3-6. A small portion flows into the lower cavity through the flow-limiting channel formed between the upper TC bearing moving ring 3-3 and the upper TC bearing stationary ring 3-4. The lower sliding bearing assembly includes a lower TC bearing moving ring 3-7, which is mounted on the transmission spindle 3-6 and has a wear-resistant layer 3-7-2 on its outer sidewall; and a lower TC bearing stationary ring 3-8, which is positioned between the lower TC bearing moving ring 3-7 and the inner sidewall of the transmission outer cylinder 3-2.

[0065] Specifically, the outer sidewall of the transmission spindle 3-6 near the torsion sleeve 4-1 is provided with multiple sets of spline grooves 3-6-4. The spline ribs 4-1-2 are slidably connected to the inner side of the spline grooves 3-6-4. Furthermore, the connection between the transmission spindle 3-6 and the TC bearing moving ring 3-7 is also provided with a spindle spline groove 3-6-1 to facilitate the connection with the inner spline formed on the inner side of the TC bearing moving ring 3-7. In addition, the mating surface with the torsion sleeve 4-1 is also provided with shear pin holes 3-6-2 to facilitate the placement of shear pins 3-9, and a sealing groove 3-6-3 to place a sealing ring to increase the sealing performance of the mating surface.

[0066] The outer sidewall of the torsion transmission sleeve 4-1 is provided with spline ribs 4-1-2 arranged at intervals in a circular pattern and located inside the spline groove stroke cavity 4-15. Between the torsion transmission sleeve 4-1 and the upper impact outer cylinder 4-8, and on the side of the limiting cap 4-3 away from the transmission main shaft 3-6, a thrust bearing 4-4, an adjusting washer 4-5, a disc spring 4-6, a vibration pad 4-7, an upper impact cam seat 4-9, and a lower impact cam seat 4-11 are arranged in sequence on the upper side of the impact spindle 4-14. The upper impact cam seat 4-9 and the other end of the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 form a circle. The directional sliding engagement generates a downward high-frequency impact force, which is transmitted to the drill bit to assist in rotating and impacting rock breaking. Similarly, the lower impact cam seat 4-11 located inside the lower impact outer cylinder 4-12 can slide and engage with the lower circumferential part of the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10, generating an upward high-frequency impact force that is transmitted to the drill string. Upon pump activation, this upward high-frequency impact force is delivered to the drill string and stuck points, achieving the purpose of shock-based rock breaking. The upper and lower ends of the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 can only slide and engage with one of the upper impact cam seat 4-9 or the lower impact cam seat 4-11 in the circumferential direction to generate a downward positive impact force or an upward reverse impact force, respectively. The two end faces of the formed adjusting washer 4-5 are respectively provided with the same number of water grooves 4-5-1 and are axially connected along the outer generatrix.

[0067] Specifically, the impact mandrel 4-14 is provided with a lower male spline 4-14-2 and an upper male spline 4-14-1, respectively, located on the inner side of the upper impact outer cylinder 4-8 and the inner side of the lower impact outer cylinder 4-12.

[0068] Specifically, the inner sidewall of one end of the upper impact cam seat 4-9 is provided with multiple sets of upper spline grooves 4-9-1, and the formed upper male spline 4-14-1 is connected to the inner side of the upper spline groove 4-9-1. The other end forms an upper cam 4-9-3, which is connected to the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10. The inner sidewall of one end of the lower impact cam seat 4-11 is provided with multiple sets of lower spline grooves 4-11-1, and the formed lower male spline 4-14-2 is connected to the lower... The inner side of the spline groove 4-11-1 is fitted and connected, and the other end forms a lower cam 4-11-3; the inner side wall of one end of the lower impact cam seat 4-11 is provided with multiple sets of lower spline grooves 4-11-1, and the lower male spline 4-14-2 formed therein is fitted and connected with the inner side of the lower spline groove 4-11-1, and the other end forms a lower cam 4-11-3. The outer side walls of both the lower impact cam seat 4-11 and the upper impact cam seat 4-9 are provided with arc grooves (4-9-2, 4-11-2) that can... The bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 is designed to store and circulate kinetic fluid, providing cooling and lubrication. Its outer circumference is smooth in the middle, while its outer sidewalls at both ends are threaded. It connects to the upper impact outer cylinder 4-8 and the lower impact outer cylinder 4-12, respectively. One end has an upper cam seat 4-10-1 that slides and meshes with the upper cam 4-9-3 circumferentially, and the number of upper cam seats 4-10-1 corresponds to the number of upper cams 4-9-3. The other end has a symmetrically arranged lower impact cam... The lower cam 4-11-3 on the wheel seat 4-11 slides and engages with the lower cam seat 4-10-2 in the circumferential direction, and the number of lower cam seats 4-10-2 and lower cams 4-11-3 corresponds. The number of upper cam seats 4-10-1 and lower cam seats 4-10-2 is at least one. When the number of lower cam seats 4-10-2 and lower cams 4-11-3 is one, the corresponding number of upper cam seats 4-10-1 and lower cam seats 4-10-2 is also one. Of course, the number of upper cam seats 4-10-1 formed in practice can be greater than, less than or equal to the number of lower cam seats 4-10-2. The number of cam seats and the speed of the motor determine the frequency and impact effect of the up and down impact. By controlling the number of cam seats on both sides of the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10, the number of upper cams 4-9-3 and lower cams 4-11-3 can be controlled to achieve control over the frequency and impact effect of the up and down impact.

[0069] Specifically, a centering bearing 4-13 is provided between the impact mandrel 4-14 and the lower impact outer cylinder 4-12, and a wear-resistant layer 4-14-3 is provided between the impact mandrel 4-14 and the centering bearing 4-13 to allow for sliding fit between the impact mandrel 4-14 and the centering bearing 4-13. The centering bearing 4-13 is located at the connection between the lower impact outer cylinder 4-12 and the impact mandrel 4-14, and a wear-resistant layer 4-13-1 is provided on its inner side wall, and a water groove 4-13-2 is provided on one end face.

[0070] A dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing, and its method of use, characterized by the following specific steps:

[0071] Step 1: The axial pressure stroke is closed. Normal pump circulation begins, drilling pressure is applied downwards, and the drill string rotates for impact drilling. That is, the turbine stator 2-3 and turbine rotor 2-4 installed in the power cylinder 2-1 of the power assembly 2 convert the hydraulic energy of the power fluid into the mechanical energy of the drill bit rotation. Through the transmission assembly and the impact generation assembly, the torque and speed are transmitted to the drill bit for downward rotational drilling and rock breaking. At this time, the drill bit and the impact hammer are under pressure. The upper impact cam seat 4-9 built into the upper part of the impact generation assembly 4 slides and meshes with the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 in the circumferential direction, generating a downward high-frequency impact force and transmitting it to the drill bit to assist the drill bit in rotating impact rock breaking.

[0072] Step two: The axial tension stroke opens, the pump is started and circulated normally, the drill string is pulled upward, and the drill string is rotated to impact and release the stuck part. That is, when encountering complex situations such as stuck drill bit during drilling or when encountering resistance after drilling is completed, the drill string is pulled upward. When the pulling force reaches a certain value, the shear pin 3-9 is sheared, the impact hammer is pulled open, the limit switch is opened, the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 is disengaged from the upper impact cam seat 4-9, and slides and engages circumferentially with the lower impact cam seat 4-11 built into the lower part of the impact generator assembly. The pump starts and generates an upward high-frequency impact force to deliver to the drill string and the stuck point, so as to achieve the purpose of vibration and release the stuck part in the first time.

[0073] Further reading Figure 1 In operation, the formed water cap 3-1 is connected to a power assembly with a turbine stator 2-3 and a turbine rotor 2-4, presenting two working positions. The first is the axial pressure stroke closed state, where the pump is normally turned on for circulation, downward drilling pressure is applied, and the drill string rotates for impact drilling. Specifically, the turbine stator 2-3 and turbine rotor 2-4 inside the power cylinder 2-1 of the power assembly 2 convert the hydraulic energy of the power fluid into the mechanical energy of the drill bit rotation. Through the transmission assembly and impact assembly, torque and speed are transmitted to the drill bit for downward rotational drilling and rock breaking. At this time, the drill bit and impact are short-circuited and under pressure. The upper impact cam seat 4-9, built into the upper part of the impact assembly 4, slides and meshes with the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 in the circumferential direction, generating a downward high-frequency impact force and transmitting it to the drill bit to assist in rotational impact rock breaking. The second is the axial tension stroke extended state, see [reference needed]. Figures 19-20During normal operation, the pump is circulated, the drill string is pulled upwards, and the drill string is rotated for impact release. That is, when encountering complex situations such as stuck drill string during drilling or encountering resistance after drilling is completed, the drill string is continued to be pulled upwards. When the pulling force reaches a certain value, the shear pin 3-9 is sheared, the impact short circuit is pulled open, the limit switch is activated, the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 disengages from the upper impact cam seat 4-9, and the small cylinder 3-9-0 formed at the end of the shear pin 3-9 is sheared inside the shear pin annular groove 4-1-1. The lower end of the torque transmission sleeve male spline contacts the step inside the limit cap, limiting the position of the upper impact... The impact mandrel 4-14 inside the outer impact cylinder 4-8 and the lower impact cylinder 4-12 shifts outward, the male spline at the upper end of the impact mandrel disengages from the upper cam, and the male spline at the lower end of the impact mandrel engages with the lower cam. Rotating the mandrel pulls the impact short circuit apart, generating an upward impact. The limit switch is activated, the bidirectional cam anvil 4-10 disengages from the upper impact cam seat 4-9, and slides in circumferential direction with the lower impact cam seat 4-11 built into the lower part of the impact generation assembly. When the pump is turned on, an upward high-frequency impact force is generated and delivered to the drill string and stuck point, achieving the purpose of vibration release at the first time.

[0074] By employing two sets of impact generating mechanisms, the tool length can be altered to achieve a two-way function: forward downward rotational impact rock-breaking drilling and reverse upward rotational impact to release stuck metal when encountering resistance during tripping. This not only speeds up and improves drilling efficiency but also enhances drilling safety. The structure comprises a transmission assembly and an impact assembly. Rotational power is transmitted to the drill bit via the transmission and impact assemblies, transferring torque and speed for downward rotational drilling and rock breaking. At this time, the drill bit and impact are short-connected and under pressure. The upper impact cam seat, built into the impact assembly, slides and engages circumferentially with the bidirectional cam anvil. During engagement, the upper impact cam seat cyclically compresses the disc spring upwards, which is then... The spring's restoring force causes a high-speed downward impact on the bidirectional cam anvil, generating a high-frequency downward impact force that is transmitted to the drill bit, assisting the drill bit in rotating and impacting to break the rock. Similarly, the impact assembly also has a built-in lower impact cam seat. When encountering complex situations such as stuck drill bit during drilling or encountering resistance after drilling is completed, the drill string continues to be lifted. When the lifting force reaches a certain value, the shear pin breaks, the impact short circuit is pulled open, the limit switch is activated, the bidirectional cam anvil disengages from the upper impact cam seat, and slides and engages with the lower impact cam seat in the circumferential direction. When the pump is turned on, an upward high-frequency impact force is generated and delivered to the drill string and the stuck point, achieving the purpose of immediate vibration to release the stuck drill bit.

[0075] In addition to the preferred embodiments described above, the present invention has other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing, characterized in that, The powertrain (2) includes an anti-drop assembly (1) at one end and a transmission assembly (3) at the other end. An impact assembly (4) is connected to the end of the transmission assembly (3) away from the powertrain (2). The transmission assembly (3) and the impact assembly (4) form a mutually cooperating connection structure. The power assembly (2) includes a power outer cylinder (2-1) and a power main shaft (2-2). The inner side of the power outer cylinder (2-1) is hollow, and the power main shaft (2-2) is located inside the power outer cylinder (2-1). Multiple sets of turbine stators (2-3) and turbine rotors (2-4) are sleeved on the outer sidewall of the power main shaft (2-2). The anti-fall assembly (1) includes an anti-fall conversion connector (1-1) and an anti-fall connecting rod (1-2). The inner side of the anti-fall conversion connector (1-1) is hollow, and the anti-fall connecting rod (1-2) is provided inside the anti-fall conversion connector (1-1), with one end connected to the power outer cylinder (2-1). The impact assembly (4) includes an upper impact outer cylinder (4-8) and a lower impact outer cylinder (4-12), and an impact mandrel (4-14). The upper impact outer cylinder (4-8) and the lower impact outer cylinder (4-12) are connected to each other by a bidirectional cam anvil (4-10). The impact mandrel (4-14) has a central water inlet on its inner side, which is located inside the upper impact outer cylinder (4-8) and the lower impact outer cylinder (4-12). The lower impact outer cylinder (4-12) has a lower impact cam seat (4-11) on its inner side, and the upper impact outer cylinder (4-8) has an upper impact cam seat (4-9) on its inner side. The lower impact cam seat (4-11) and one end of the bidirectional cam anvil (4-10) form a circumferential sliding engagement, and the upper impact cam seat (4-9) and the other end of the bidirectional cam anvil (4-10) form a circumferential sliding engagement. A centering bearing (4-13) is provided between the impact mandrel (4-14) and the lower impact outer cylinder (4-12). The centering bearing (4-13) is located at the connection between the lower impact outer cylinder (4-12) and the impact mandrel (4-14), and its inner sidewall is provided with a wear-resistant layer (4-13-1), and a water groove (4-13-2) is provided on one end face.

2. The dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (3) includes a transmission outer cylinder (3-2) and a transmission main shaft (3-6). The transmission main shaft (3-6) is provided inside the transmission outer cylinder (3-2). The transmission main shaft (3-6) is provided with a central water inlet and a tandem bearing (3-5) is provided between it and the inner side wall of the transmission outer cylinder (3-2). There is an upper sliding bearing assembly and a lower sliding bearing assembly. A water cap (3-1) is provided at the inner opening of the end of the transmission outer cylinder (3-2) away from the impact assembly (4). The water cap (3-1) is hollow inside and has a water hole (3-1-1) that runs through the inside and outside of the inner side wall. The connection and mating structure includes shear pins (3-9) and torsion transmission sleeves (4-1). The shear pin (3-9) is located on the transmission main shaft (3-6) near the inner opening of the upper impact outer cylinder (4-8); The inner side of the torsion transmission sleeve (4-1) is provided with a central water inlet, which is located inside the upper impact outer cylinder (4-8). One end of the sleeve is connected to the torsion transmission sleeve (4-1), and the outer side wall of the other end is provided with a shearing ring groove (4-1-1). The protruding end of the shearing nail (3-9) is connected to the inner side of the shearing ring groove (4-1-1). A pressure-bearing sleeve (4-2) is provided between the torsion transmission sleeve (4-1) and the inner side wall of the upper impact outer cylinder (4-8). One end of the transmission shaft (3-6) is located between the pressure-bearing sleeve (4-2) and the torsion transmission sleeve (4-1). A limiting cap (4-3) is provided at the end of the transmission shaft (3-6) and between the pressure-bearing sleeve (4-2) and the torsion transmission sleeve (4-1). A spline groove stroke cavity (4-15) is formed between the transmission shaft (3-6) and the torsion transmission sleeve (4-1).

3. The dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The other end of the anti-drop adapter (1-1) has a connecting thread on the inner side of the opening, and the inner side facing the power spindle (2-2) has an upper hole (1-1-1), a large hole (1-1-2) and a lower hole (1-1-3) in sequence.

4. A dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The anti-drop linkage (1-2) includes: The outer hexagon (1-2-1) is located inside the large hole (1-1-2), and an anti-drop disc (1-2-2) is provided on the end face near the lower hole (1-1-3). Anti-drop connecting post (1-2-3), the anti-drop connecting post (1-2-3) is disposed on the end face of the anti-drop disc (1-2-2) away from the outer hexagon (1-2-1), and protrudes through the inner side of the lower hole (1-1-3) towards the inner side of the power outer cylinder (2-1); Anti-drop connector (1-2-4) is provided on the end face of the anti-drop connecting post (1-2-3) away from the anti-drop connecting post (1-2-3), and the other end is threadedly connected to the power spindle (2-2).

5. A dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power spindle (2-2-1) has a light shaft in the middle and multiple turbine rotors (2-4) are sleeved on the upper side. The turbine rotors (2-4) are paired with the same number of turbine stators (2-3) and are set on the power spindle (2-2-1) inside the power outer cylinder (2-1). One end of the power spindle (2-2-1) is threaded to the anti-drop connecting rod (1-2) and the other end is threaded to the water cap (3-1).

6. The dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper sliding bearing assembly includes: The upper TC bearing moving ring (3-3) is disposed on the transmission main shaft (3-6) of the tandem bearing (3-5) on the side away from the transmission sleeve (4-1). The outer sidewall of the upper TC bearing moving ring (3-3) is provided with a wear-resistant layer (3-3-2). Upper TC bearing stationary ring (3-4), the upper TC bearing stationary ring (3-4) is disposed between the upper TC bearing moving ring (3-3) and the inner side wall of the transmission outer cylinder (3-2); The sliding bearing assembly includes: The lower TC bearing moving ring (3-7) is disposed on the transmission main shaft (3-6), and a wear-resistant layer (3-7-2) is provided on the outer side wall. The lower TC bearing stationary ring (3-8) is disposed between the lower TC bearing moving ring (3-7) and the inner side wall of the transmission outer cylinder (3-2).

7. A dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission spindle (3-6) has multiple sets of spline grooves (3-6-4) on the outer side wall near the transmission sleeve (4-1), and the spline rib (4-1-2) is slidably connected to the inner side of the spline groove (3-6-4). The outer sidewall of the torsion transmission sleeve (4-1) is provided with spline ribs (4-1-2) arranged at intervals in a circular pattern and located inside the spline groove stroke cavity (4-15). Between the torsion transmission sleeve (4-1) and the upper impact outer cylinder (4-8), and on the side of the limit cap (4-3) away from the transmission main shaft (3-6), there are sequentially arranged a thrust bearing (4-4), an adjusting washer (4-5), a disc spring (4-6), a shock pad (4-7) located on the upper side of the impact spindle (4-14), as well as the upper impact cam seat (4-9) and the lower impact cam seat (4-11). The outer sidewall of the lower impact cam seat (4-11) and the upper impact cam seat (4-9) are provided with arc grooves. The two end faces of the adjusting washer (4-5) are respectively provided with the same number of water grooves (4-5-1) and are connected axially along the outer generatrix.

8. A dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The impact mandrel (4-14) is provided with a lower male spline (4-14-2) and an upper male spline (4-14-1) respectively located inside the upper impact outer cylinder (4-8) and the lower impact outer cylinder (4-12).

9. A dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper impact cam seat (4-9) has multiple sets of upper spline grooves (4-9-1) on the inner side wall of one end, and the upper male spline (4-14-1) is connected to the inner side of the upper spline groove (4-9-1). The other end forms an upper cam (4-9-3), which is connected to the bidirectional cam anvil (4-10). The lower impact cam seat (4-11) has multiple sets of lower spline grooves (4-11-1) on the inner sidewall of one end, forming a lower male spline (4-14-2) that mates with the inner side of the lower spline groove (4-11-1). The other end forms a lower cam (4-11-3). The middle section of the outer circle of the bidirectional cam anvil (4-10) is smooth, and the outer sidewalls at both ends are threaded, respectively mate with the upper impact outer cylinder (4-8) and the lower impact outer cylinder (4-12). One end is provided with a sliding contact with the upper cam (4-9-3) in the circumferential direction. The upper cam seat (4-10-1) is dynamically engaged, and the number of the upper cam seat (4-10-1) corresponds to the number of the upper cam (4-9-3). The other end is provided with a lower cam seat (4-10-2) that is circumferentially engaged with the lower cam (4-11-3) symmetrically arranged on the lower impact cam seat (4-11). The number of the lower cam seat (4-10-2) and the lower cam (4-11-3) corresponds to the number of the lower cam. The number of the upper cam seat (4-10-1) and the lower cam seat (4-10-2) is at least one.

10. A dual-purpose impact hammer for drilling and fishing, and its method of use, as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The axial pressure stroke is closed, the pump is started normally for circulation, downward drilling pressure is applied, and the drill string is rotated for impact drilling. That is, the turbine stator (2-3) and turbine rotor (2-4) installed in the power outer cylinder (2-1) of the power assembly (2) convert the hydraulic energy of the power fluid into the mechanical energy of the drill bit rotation. Through the transmission assembly and the impact generation assembly, the torque and speed are transmitted to the drill bit for downward rotational drilling to break the rock. At this time, the drill bit and the impact hammer are under pressure. The upper impact cam seat (4-9) built into the upper part of the impact generation assembly (4) slides and meshes with the bidirectional cam anvil (4-10) in the circumferential direction, generating a downward high-frequency impact force and transmitting it to the drill bit to assist the drill bit in rotating impact to break the rock. Step 2: The axial tension stroke is opened, the pump is started and circulated normally, the drill string is pulled up and rotated to impact and release the stuck drill string. That is, when encountering complex situations such as stuck drill string during drilling or encountering resistance when pulling out of the drill string after drilling is completed, the drill string is pulled up. When the pulling force reaches a certain value, the shear pin (3-9) is sheared, the impact hammer is pulled open, the limit switch is opened, the bidirectional cam anvil (4-10) is disengaged from the upper impact cam seat (4-9), and slides and engages with the lower impact cam seat (4-11) built into the lower part of the impact generator assembly in the circumferential direction. When the pump is started, an upward high-frequency impact force is delivered to the drill string and the stuck point, which achieves the purpose of vibration and release of the stuck drill string in the first time.

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