Three-soft low-permeability coal seam gas anti-reflection equipment and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam tunneling, in particular to three-soft low-permeability coal seam gas anti-reflection equipment and a using method thereof, and provides the three-soft low-permeability coal seam gas anti-reflection equipment aiming at the problem that existing gas anti-reflection equipment cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the occurrence form, the thickness and the trend of a three-soft coal seam. A U-shaped plate capable of lifting up and down is arranged at the upper end of the moving trolley, a supporting plate capable of overturning up and down is arranged at the upper end of the U-shaped plate, a long rotating shaft capable of rotating is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, a drill bit is further arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, and when the long rotating shaft rotates, the drill bit can move towards one side while rotating; the oscillating mechanism comprises an annular wheel, and when the annular wheel deflects, the long rotating shaft rotates so that the drill bit can oscillate while rotating and moving towards one side; the multi-angle drilling adjustment function can be achieved, the coverage and pertinence of gas anti-reflection are greatly improved, the reciprocating oscillation tunneling stroke can be adjusted according to the coal seam hardness, adaptability is extremely high, and safety is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal seam tunneling technology, and in particular to a gas permeability enhancement device for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining, "soft" and "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams, due to their low strength and extremely poor permeability, are prone to gas accumulation and difficult to extract. This not only severely restricts the progress of coal mining but also poses extremely high safety hazards such as gas outbursts and explosions, making it a critical problem that urgently needs to be solved in coal mine safety production. Currently, existing gas permeability enhancement equipment is mostly designed for conventional hard coal seams, exhibiting significant adaptability defects: on the one hand, the drilling angle is mostly fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the occurrence shape, thickness, and orientation of the "three-soft" coal seams, resulting in limited borehole coverage and difficulty in effectively penetrating some high-gas areas, significantly reducing the permeability enhancement effect; on the other hand, the reciprocating oscillating tunneling stroke is of a uniform specification and cannot adapt to the hardness differences in different areas of the "three-soft" coal seams—when encountering softer coal seams, fixed long-stroke oscillation can easily cause coal seam collapse and borehole deformation, damaging the integrity of the coal seam; when encountering relatively hard coal seams, fixed short-stroke oscillation is unable to break through the dense structure of the coal seam, failing to form an effective gas seepage channel, resulting in low permeability enhancement efficiency and prolonged extraction cycle. Furthermore, the existing equipment has poor versatility and lacks specific adaptation designs for "three soft" coal seams, which further increases the difficulty, cost, and safety risks of coal mine gas control. Therefore, this paper proposes a gas permeability enhancement device for "three soft" low-permeability coal seams to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the problem that existing gas permeability enhancement equipment cannot flexibly adjust according to the occurrence morphology, thickness, and orientation of "three-soft" coal seams. It provides a gas permeability enhancement equipment for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams, which has multi-angle drilling adjustment function, greatly improving the coverage and targeting of gas permeability enhancement. It can also adjust the reciprocating oscillating tunneling process according to the coal seam hardness, making it highly adaptable and safer, effectively solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: A gas permeability enhancement device for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams includes a mobile vehicle. The upper end of the mobile vehicle is equipped with a U-shaped plate that can be raised and lowered. The lower end of the U-shaped plate is equipped with a rotating mechanism. The upper end of the U-shaped plate is equipped with a support plate that can be flipped up and down. The upper end of the support plate is equipped with a base plate. The upper end of the base plate is equipped with a long rotating shaft that can be rotated. The upper end of the base plate is also equipped with a drill bit. When the long rotating shaft rotates, the drill bit can be moved to one side while rotating. The upper end of the base plate is also equipped with an oscillation mechanism, which includes a ring wheel. When the ring wheel deflects, the rotation of the long rotating shaft can cause the drill bit to rotate, move to one side, and oscillate simultaneously.

[0005] The mobile vehicle is fixedly connected to a support base at its upper end. A telescopic rod is provided at the upper end of the support base. A U-shaped seat is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod. A large gear is fixedly connected to the lower end of the U-shaped seat. A first motor is also fixedly connected to the upper end of the mobile vehicle. A telescopic shaft is provided at the output end of the first motor. A small gear that meshes with the large gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the telescopic shaft.

[0006] A second motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the U-shaped seat. A worm gear is provided at the output end of the second motor. A sector-shaped worm wheel meshes with the upper end of the worm gear. The support plate is rotatably connected to the upper end of the U-shaped seat, and the sector-shaped worm wheel is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate.

[0007] The upper end of the base plate is fixedly connected to a third motor, the long rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor, the base plate is slidably connected to the upper surface of the support plate, and two notches are opened on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft, with an annular wheel hinged at the notches.

[0008] The oscillation mechanism also includes a positioning sleeve that is slidably connected to a long rotating shaft. A short connecting rod is hinged to the lower end of the positioning sleeve. The front end of the short connecting rod is hinged to a ring wheel. A ball rod is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate. The upper end of the ball rod is provided with a ball head that cooperates with the ring wheel. A locking component is provided inside the positioning sleeve.

[0009] The locking assembly includes a sleeve fixedly connected to the positioning sleeve, an inner rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, a handle fixedly connected to the outer surface of the inner rod, a stop pad fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner rod, a spring that cooperates with the stop pad fitted on the outer surface of the inner rod, a locking pin fixedly connected to the lower end of the stop pad, and multiple slots that cooperate with the locking pin are opened on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft.

[0010] A drive plate is slidably connected to the upper surface of the base plate, the drill bit is mounted on the drive plate, and a threaded rod that is slidably connected to a long rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drive plate. A threaded seat that is fixed to the base plate is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the threaded rod.

[0011] A drill rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the drive plate. The drill bit is fixed to one end of the drill rod. A drive spur gear is fixed to one side of the outer surface of the threaded rod. A driven spur gear that meshes with the drive spur gear is fixed to the outer surface of the drill rod.

[0012] A first connecting ring and a second connecting ring are fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the drill rod. Two sealing rings are fixedly connected to the upper end of the base plate. The first connecting ring and the second connecting ring are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding sealing ring. The sealing rings are respectively provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. A water tank is provided at the upper end of the base plate. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are both connected to the water tank. The inner wall of the drill rod is provided with a cooling pipe. The inlet and outlet of the cooling pipe are both located in the corresponding first connecting ring and the second connecting ring.

[0013] A method for using a gas permeability enhancement device for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams, characterized by the following steps: S1. Drive the mobile vehicle to transport the entire gas permeability enhancement equipment to the preset drilling operation area of ​​the "three soft" low permeability coal seam, so that the drill bit faces the working face and completes the initial positioning of the equipment. S2. Adjust the lifting height of the U-shaped plate. By controlling the lifting action of the U-shaped plate at the top of the mobile vehicle, adjust the drill bit to a working height that matches the preset drilling depth to ensure that the vertical distance between the drill bit and the coal seam working face meets the drilling requirements. S3. Adjust the horizontal direction of the drill bit, start the rotation mechanism at the lower end of the U-shaped plate, drive the U-shaped plate to rotate in the vertical direction through the rotation mechanism, drive the support plate, base plate and drill bit to rotate synchronously until the drill bit is aligned with the horizontal direction of the preset drilling hole, and complete the horizontal angle adjustment. S4. Adjust the vertical tilt angle of the drill bit, control the vertical flipping action of the upper support plate of the U-shaped plate, drive the bottom plate and drill bit to flip synchronously, adjust the drill bit to the preset tilt angle, adapt to the occurrence direction and thickness distribution of the "three soft" coal seam, and realize multi-angle drilling preparation. S5. Start drilling operation, control the long shaft at the top of the bottom plate to rotate, drive the drill bit to rotate and move towards the coal seam working face, drill holes in the "three soft" low permeability coal seam to form the initial gas seepage channel. S6. Activate the oscillation permeability enhancement function. Based on the hardness of the coal seam at the current borehole location, adjust the deflection angle of the annular wheel in the oscillation mechanism. As the long rotating shaft rotates continuously, it drives the drill bit to rotate, move into the coal seam, and perform reciprocating oscillation motion. For softer coal seams, shorten the stroke of the drill bit's reciprocating oscillation to avoid coal seam collapse and borehole deformation. For relatively hard coal seams, lengthen the stroke of the drill bit's reciprocating oscillation to enhance the oscillation impact force to break through the dense structure of the coal seam.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: In use, the drill bit's working height can be adjusted by a height-adjustable U-shaped plate. A rotating mechanism drives the U-shaped plate to rotate and move, adjusting the drill bit's direction. A tilting support plate allows for adjustment of the drill bit's tilt angle, enabling multi-directional and multi-angle adjustment of the drill bit's position. After adjusting the drill bit to the appropriate position, a long rotating shaft drives the drill bit to rotate and move to one side, thus drilling into the designated coal seam. A vibration mechanism activates when the driving ring wheel deflects, causing the drill bit to rotate, move to one side, and oscillate back and forth. Furthermore, the vibration mechanism... The reciprocating oscillating movement stroke can be adaptively adjusted according to the hardness of the coal seam; the multi-angle drilling adjustment function significantly improves the coverage and targeting of gas permeability enhancement; the equipment can flexibly adjust the drilling angle according to the occurrence, thickness distribution, and high gas accumulation area of ​​the "three soft" coal seam, breaking the limitations of fixed-angle drilling of existing equipment, and can achieve all-round drilling operations at different depths and directions, ensuring that the borehole accurately penetrates the dense area of ​​the coal seam, covering all high gas hazard points, effectively solving the problem of drilling blind spots caused by the complex occurrence of the "three soft" coal seam, providing more sufficient channels for gas seepage, and significantly improving the permeability enhancement effect; the reciprocating oscillating tunneling stroke can be adjusted according to the hardness of the coal seam, with strong adaptability and higher safety; for different "three soft" coal seams Due to the significant differences in coal seam hardness, the equipment can adapt to changes in coal seam hardness in real time, flexibly adjusting the stroke of the reciprocating oscillating tunneling. When used in softer coal seams, shortening the oscillation stroke effectively prevents coal seam collapse and borehole deformation caused by excessive oscillation, protecting the integrity of the coal seam and the stability of the borehole, and reducing construction safety hazards. When used in relatively hard coal seams, lengthening the oscillation stroke enhances the oscillation impact force, effectively breaking through the dense structure of the coal seam, quickly forming a dense fracture network, and improving gas seepage efficiency. This solves the problem of existing equipment's fixed stroke being unable to adapt to coal seams of different hardness, achieving the dual effect of "preventing collapse in soft coal and strong breakthrough in hard coal." It significantly improves gas permeability, shortens the extraction cycle, and reduces treatment costs. Through multi-angle drilling and adaptive hardness... By combining oscillation stroke adjustment, the equipment can quickly form uniform and dense gas seepage channels in "three-soft" coal seams while ensuring construction safety. This accelerates gas desorption and flow within the coal seam, significantly improving gas extraction efficiency, effectively shortening the gas extraction cycle, and reducing the manpower and material input for gas control. Simultaneously, the equipment's adaptability design reduces the probability of borehole failure and secondary construction, lowering equipment wear and construction costs, further enhancing the economic efficiency of coal mine gas control. It is highly adaptable, easy to operate, and widely applicable. The equipment is specifically designed for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams and can flexibly adapt to "three-soft" coal seams with different occurrence conditions and hardness. It can be put into use without large-scale modifications, and its versatility surpasses that of existing fixed-specification equipment.Furthermore, the angle and stroke adjustment are convenient to operate and can be adjusted in real time according to the on-site construction conditions, reducing the labor intensity of operators and facilitating on-site promotion and application. This effectively solves the problems of poor adaptability and complex operation of existing equipment in soft, low-permeability coal seams, providing strong support for the safe and efficient mining of such seams. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a first isometric drawing of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a second isometric view of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tray installation of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a U-shaped seat for a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the connecting plate of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an annular wheel in a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the threaded rod installation of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of an annular wheel of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ball head installation of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the active spur gear in a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the drive plate of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the drill pipe of a "three-soft" low-permeability coal seam gas permeability enhancement device according to the present invention.

[0028] Numbering in the diagram: 1-Mobile vehicle, 2-First motor, 3-Telescopic shaft, 4-Support base, 5-Telescopic rod, 6-Connecting plate, 7-Small gear, 8-Large gear, 9-U-shaped seat, 10-Second motor, 11-Worm gear, 12-Sector worm wheel, 13-Panel, 14-Base plate, 15-Third motor, 16-Long rotating shaft, 17-Notch groove, 18-Annular wheel, 19-Ball head, 20-Ball stick, 21-Short connecting rod, 22-Fixed 23-Slot, 24-Sleeve, 25-Handle, 26-Inner rod, 27-Spring, 28-Stop pad, 29-Pin, 30-Threaded rod, 31-Threaded seat, 32-Driving spur gear, 33-Driven spur gear, 34-Drive plate, 35-Drill rod, 36-Drill bit, 37-First connecting ring, 38-Second connecting ring, 39-Inlet pipe, 40-Outlet pipe, 41-Cooling pipe, 42-Sealing ring, 43-Water tank. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1-13 As shown, the present invention provides a gas permeability enhancement device for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams, including a mobile vehicle 1. The upper end of the mobile vehicle 1 is provided with a U-shaped plate that can be raised and lowered, and the lower end of the U-shaped plate is provided with a rotating mechanism. The upper end of the U-shaped plate is provided with a support plate 13 that can be flipped up and down. The upper end of the support plate 13 is equipped with a base plate 14, and the upper end of the base plate 14 is provided with a long rotating shaft 16 that can be rotated. The upper end of the base plate 14 is also provided with a drill bit 36. When the long rotating shaft 16 rotates, the drill bit 36 ​​can rotate and move to one side at the same time. The upper end of the base plate 14 is also provided with an oscillation mechanism, which includes a ring wheel 18. When the ring wheel 18 deflects, the rotation of the long rotating shaft 16 can make the drill bit 36 ​​rotate, move to one side, and oscillate at the same time.

[0031] like Figures 1-8As shown, the mobile vehicle 1 can drive the entire equipment to a designated position. The mobile vehicle 1 is existing technology and will not be described in detail. By setting a U-shaped plate that can be raised and lowered, the working height of the drill bit 36 ​​can be adjusted. By setting a rotating mechanism, the U-shaped plate can be driven to rotate and move, adjusting the direction of the drill bit 36. By setting a tray 13 that can be tilted up and down, the tilt angle of the drill bit 36 ​​can be adjusted, allowing for multi-directional and multi-angle adjustment of the drill bit 36's position. After adjusting the drill bit 36 ​​to a suitable position, the long rotating shaft 16, when rotating, can drive the drill bit 36 ​​to rotate and move to one side, thereby drilling into the coal seam at the designated location. By setting an oscillation mechanism, i.e., when the driving ring wheel 18 deflects, the long... When the rotating shaft 16 rotates, the oscillation mechanism is activated, allowing the drill bit 36 ​​to rotate, move to one side, and oscillate back and forth. The stroke of this oscillation movement can be adaptively adjusted according to the hardness of the coal seam. The multi-angle drilling adjustment function significantly improves the coverage and targeting of gas permeability enhancement. The equipment can flexibly adjust the drilling angle based on the occurrence, thickness distribution, and high-gas accumulation areas of "three-soft" coal seams, breaking the limitations of fixed-angle drilling in existing equipment. This enables omnidirectional drilling operations at different depths and directions, ensuring precise penetration of dense areas of the coal seam and covering all high-gas hazard points. This effectively solves the problem of blind spots in drilling caused by the complex occurrence of "three-soft" coal seams. It provides a more ample channel for gas seepage, significantly improving permeability; the reciprocating oscillating tunneling stroke can be adjusted according to the coal seam hardness, offering excellent adaptability and enhanced safety; addressing the significant hardness differences in different areas of "three-soft" coal seams, the equipment can adapt to changes in coal seam hardness in real time, flexibly adjusting the reciprocating oscillating tunneling stroke: when used in softer coal seams, shortening the oscillation stroke effectively prevents coal seam collapse and borehole deformation due to excessive oscillation, protecting coal seam integrity and borehole stability, and reducing construction safety hazards; when used in relatively hard coal seams, lengthening the oscillation stroke enhances the oscillation impact force, effectively breaking through the dense structure of the coal seam, rapidly forming a dense fracture network, and improving gas seepage efficiency, solving the problem of existing equipment's fixed stroke being unable to adapt to various conditions. Addressing the challenges of coal seams of similar hardness, this equipment achieves the dual benefits of "preventing collapse in soft coal and achieving strong breakthroughs in hard coal." It significantly improves gas permeability, shortens extraction cycles, and reduces treatment costs. By combining multi-angle drilling with adaptive hardness oscillation stroke adjustment, the equipment can quickly form uniform and dense gas seepage channels in "three-soft" coal seams while ensuring construction safety. This accelerates gas desorption and flow within the coal seam, significantly improving gas extraction efficiency, effectively shortening the gas extraction cycle, and reducing manpower and material investment in gas treatment. Simultaneously, the equipment's adaptability design reduces the probability of borehole failure and secondary construction, lowering equipment wear and construction costs, further enhancing the economic efficiency of coal mine gas treatment. It is highly adaptable, easy to operate, and widely applicable.The equipment is specifically designed for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams, and can be flexibly adapted to "three-soft" coal seams with different occurrence conditions and hardness. It can be put into use without large-scale modifications, and its versatility is superior to existing fixed-specification equipment. Furthermore, the angle and stroke adjustments are convenient and can be adjusted in real time according to on-site construction conditions, reducing the labor intensity of operators and facilitating on-site promotion and application. It effectively solves the problems of poor adaptability and complex operation of existing equipment in "three-soft" coal seams, providing strong support for the safe and efficient mining of "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams.

[0032] The mobile vehicle 1 is fixedly connected to a support base 4 at its upper end. The support base 4 is provided with a telescopic rod 5 at its upper end. A U-shaped seat 9 is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 5. A large gear 8 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the U-shaped seat 9. A first motor 2 is also fixedly connected to the upper end of the mobile vehicle 1. A telescopic shaft 3 is provided at the output end of the first motor 2. A small gear 7 that meshes with the large gear 8 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the telescopic shaft 3.

[0033] like Figures 2-5 As shown, the support base 4 is used to install the support telescopic rod 5. The telescopic rod 5 can be an electric telescopic rod 5. When the telescopic rod 5 is working, it can drive the U-shaped seat 9, drill bit 36, etc. to move up and down. The first motor 2 provides rotational power to the telescopic shaft 3. The motor is existing technology and will not be described in detail. When the telescopic shaft 3 rotates, it can drive the pinion 7 to rotate. When the pinion 7 rotates, it can drive the pinion 8 and the U-shaped seat 9 to rotate through meshing with the large gear 8, thereby driving the drill bit 36 ​​to rotate and move, and adjusting the position of the drill bit 36. The upper end of the telescopic rod 5 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 6. The other end of the connecting plate 6 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the outer surface of the telescopic shaft 3. When the telescopic rod 5 extends and retracts up and down, the telescopic shaft 3 can extend and retract up and down synchronously, so that the pinion 7 always maintains a meshing state with the large gear 8.

[0034] The upper end of the U-shaped seat 9 is fixedly connected to a second motor 10, and the output end of the second motor 10 is provided with a worm gear 11. The upper end of the worm gear 11 is engaged with a sector-shaped worm wheel 12. The support plate 13 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the U-shaped seat 9, and the sector-shaped worm wheel 12 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate 13.

[0035] like Figures 3-5As shown, the support plate 13 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the U-shaped seat 9 via a rotating shaft. The function of the second motor 10 is to provide rotational power to the worm gear 11. Bearing seats are rotatably connected to both sides of the outer surface of the worm gear 11. The bottom end of the bearing seat is fixed to the upper surface of the U-shaped seat 9, limiting the worm gear 11 to rotate only at the upper end of the U-shaped seat 9. When the second motor 10 is started, it can drive the worm gear 11 to rotate. When the worm gear 11 rotates, it can drive the support plate 13 and the drill bit 36 ​​to flip and swing up and down through meshing with the sector worm wheel 12, thereby adjusting the vertical inclination of the drill bit 36. Furthermore, the meshing of the worm gear 11 and the sector worm wheel 12 has a self-locking function, that is, when the worm gear 11 does not rotate, the position of the support plate 13 is fixed and the inclination of the drill bit 36 ​​is fixed.

[0036] The base plate 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the third motor 15, and the long rotating shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor 15. The base plate 14 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the support plate 13. Two notches 17 are opened on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft 16, and the annular wheel 18 is hinged to the notch 17.

[0037] like Figures 3-8 As shown, the third motor 15 is used to drive the long rotating shaft 16 to rotate. The base plate 14 can be slidably connected to the upper surface of the support plate 13. A rectangular hole is opened on the inner wall of the center of the annular wheel 18. The rectangular hole is fitted on the notch groove 17 and is hinged to the long rotating shaft 16 through the hinge shaft. When the long rotating shaft 16 rotates, it can drive the annular wheel 18 to rotate. The annular wheel 18 can also deflect and swing on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft 16.

[0038] The oscillation mechanism also includes a positioning sleeve 22 that is slidably connected to the long rotating shaft 16. A short connecting rod 21 is hinged to the lower end of the positioning sleeve 22. The front end of the short connecting rod 21 is hinged to the annular wheel 18. A ball rod 20 is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate 13. The upper end of the ball rod 20 is provided with a ball head 19 that cooperates with the annular wheel 18. A locking component is provided inside the positioning sleeve 22.

[0039] like Figures 6-9 As shown, the positioning sleeve 22 can slide back and forth on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft 16. Through the locking component, the position of the positioning sleeve 22 can be locked and positioned. That is, after the positioning sleeve 22 moves to the designated position, it can be fixed in the designated position. Through the short connecting rod 21, when the positioning sleeve 22 moves back and forth, it can drive the annular wheel 18 to deflect and swing back and forth. After the annular wheel 18 deflects and swings back and forth, when the long rotating shaft 16 and the annular wheel 18 rotate synchronously, under the meshing of the annular wheel 18 and the ball head 19, it can drive the annular wheel 18, the bottom plate 14, the drill bit 36, etc. to reciprocate back and forth oscillating movement. The stroke of the reciprocating oscillating movement is related to the deflection angle of the annular wheel 18. The position of the positioning sleeve 22, that is, the deflection angle of the annular wheel 18, can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the coal seam.

[0040] The locking assembly includes a sleeve 24 fixedly connected to the positioning sleeve 22. An inner rod 26 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 24. A handle 25 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the inner rod 26. A retaining pad 28 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner rod 26. A spring 27 that cooperates with the retaining pad 28 is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner rod 26. A locking pin 29 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the retaining pad 28. A plurality of slots 23 that cooperate with the locking pin 29 are opened on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft 16.

[0041] like Figures 7-9 As shown, the inner rod 26 can slide up and down the inner wall of the sleeve 24. When the handle 25 moves up and down, it can drive the inner rod 26 and the retaining pad 28 to move up and down, that is, drive the locking pin 29 to move up and down. When the locking pin 29 moves up and down, it can control the locking pin 29 to engage or disengage from the locking groove 23. When the locking pin 29 engages with the locking groove 23, it can fix the sleeve 24 and the positioning sleeve 22. When the locking pin 29 disengages from the locking groove 23, the positioning sleeve 22 can slide on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft 16. The spring 27 always has a downward driving force on the retaining pad 28, so that the retaining pad 28 and the locking pin 29 are in the lowest position under normal conditions, that is, the locking pin 29 can stably engage with the locking groove 23 under normal conditions.

[0042] A drive plate 34 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the base plate 14. A drill bit 36 ​​is mounted on the drive plate 34. A threaded rod 30 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drive plate 34 and slidably connected to the long rotating shaft 16. A threaded seat 31 that is fixed to the base plate 14 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the threaded rod 30.

[0043] like Figures 10-11 As shown, the drive plate 34 can slide back and forth on the upper surface of the base plate 14. When the drive plate 34 moves back and forth, it can drive the drill bit 36 ​​to move back and forth. The threaded rod 30 and the long rotating shaft 16 are splined. When the long rotating shaft 16 rotates, it can drive the threaded rod 30 to rotate, and the threaded rod 30 can slide back and forth on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft 16. When the threaded rod 30 rotates, through the threaded connection with the threaded seat 31, the threaded rod 30, drive plate 34, drill bit 36, etc. can move to one side. That is, when the long rotating shaft 16 rotates, it can drive the threaded rod 30 to rotate, and the drive plate 34, drill bit 36, etc. to move to one side.

[0044] The upper inner wall of the drive plate 34 is rotatably connected to a drill rod 35, and a drill bit 36 ​​is fixedly connected to one end of the drill rod 35. A drive spur gear 32 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the threaded rod 30, and a driven spur gear 33 that meshes with the drive spur gear 32 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drill rod 35.

[0045] like Figure 11As shown, when the threaded rod 30 rotates, it can drive the driving spur gear 32 to rotate. When the driving spur gear 32 rotates, it can drive the driven spur gear 33, drill rod 35, and drill bit 36 ​​to rotate synchronously through meshing with the driven spur gear 33. When the drive plate 34 moves back and forth, it can drive the drill rod 35 and drill bit 36 ​​to move back and forth synchronously.

[0046] A first connecting ring 37 and a second connecting ring 38 are fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the drill rod 35. Two sealing rings 42 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the base plate 14. The first connecting ring 37 and the second connecting ring 38 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding sealing ring 42. The sealing ring 42 is provided with an inlet pipe 39 and an outlet pipe 40, respectively. A water tank 43 is provided at the upper end of the base plate 14. The inlet pipe 39 and the outlet pipe 40 are both connected to the water tank 43. A cooling pipe 41 is provided on the inner wall of the drill rod 35. The inlet and outlet of the cooling pipe 41 are both located in the corresponding first connecting ring 37 and the second connecting ring 38.

[0047] like Figure 10 or Figures 11-12 As shown, a support base is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 14, and a sealing ring 42 is fixed to the support base, which is equivalent to the sealing ring 42 being fixed to the inner wall of the support base. The sealing ring 42 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sealing ring 42 via a first connecting ring 37 and a second connecting ring 38. When the drill rod 35 rotates, it can drive the first connecting ring 37 and the second connecting ring 38 to rotate synchronously. The installation and shape of the cooling pipe 41 are as follows. Figure 13 As shown, a circulating water pump is installed in the water tank 43. When the water pump is working, the cooling water can enter the first connecting ring 37 from the inlet pipe 39 through the inlet pipe 39, the outlet pipe 40, the first connecting ring 37, the second connecting ring 38, and the cooling pipe 41. Then, the cooling water can flow back from the cooling pipe 41 to the second connecting ring 38 and then flow back to the water tank 43 through the outlet pipe 40, thereby achieving real-time cooling of the drill rod 35 and the drill bit 36.

[0048] A method for using a gas permeability enhancement device for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams, characterized by the following steps: S1. Drive the mobile vehicle 1 to move the entire gas permeability enhancement equipment to the preset drilling operation area of ​​the "three soft" low permeability coal seam, so that the drill bit 36 ​​faces the working face and completes the initial positioning of the equipment. S2. Adjust the lifting height of the U-shaped plate. By controlling the lifting action of the U-shaped plate at the top of the mobile vehicle 1, adjust the drill bit 36 ​​to a working height that matches the preset drilling depth, and ensure that the vertical distance between the drill bit 36 ​​and the coal seam working face meets the drilling requirements. S3. Adjust the horizontal direction of drill bit 36, start the rotation mechanism at the lower end of U-shaped plate, drive U-shaped plate to rotate in the vertical direction through the rotation mechanism, drive support plate 13, base plate 14 and drill bit 36 ​​to rotate synchronously until drill bit 36 ​​is aligned with the horizontal direction of the preset drilling hole, and complete the horizontal angle adjustment. S4. Adjust the vertical tilt angle of the drill bit 36, control the vertical flipping action of the upper support plate 13 of the U-shaped plate, drive the bottom plate 14 and the drill bit 36 ​​to flip synchronously, adjust the drill bit 36 ​​to the preset tilt angle, adapt to the occurrence direction and thickness distribution of the "three soft" coal seam, and realize multi-angle drilling preparation. S5. Start drilling operation, control the long shaft 16 at the upper end of the bottom plate 14 to rotate, drive the drill bit 36 ​​to rotate and move towards the coal seam working face, drill the "three soft" low permeability coal seam to form the initial gas seepage channel. S6. Activate the oscillation penetration enhancement function. Based on the hardness of the coal seam at the current drilling location, adjust the deflection angle of the annular wheel 18 in the oscillation mechanism so that the long rotating shaft 16 drives the drill bit 36 ​​to rotate, move into the coal seam, and perform reciprocating oscillation motion while rotating continuously. For softer coal seams, shorten the stroke of the reciprocating oscillation of the drill bit 36 ​​to avoid coal seam collapse and borehole deformation; for relatively hard coal seams, lengthen the stroke of the reciprocating oscillation of the drill bit 36 ​​to enhance the oscillation impact force to break through the dense structure of the coal seam.

[0049] In use, this invention features a U-shaped plate that can be raised and lowered to adjust the working height of the drill bit 36. A rotating mechanism drives the U-shaped plate to rotate and move, adjusting the direction of the drill bit 36. A tilting support plate 13 allows for adjustment of the drill bit 36's tilt angle, enabling multi-directional and multi-angle adjustment of its position. After adjusting the drill bit 36 ​​to a suitable position, a long rotating shaft 16 drives the drill bit 36 ​​to rotate and move to one side, thus drilling into the coal seam at a designated location. An oscillation mechanism, activated when the driving ring wheel 18 deflects and the long rotating shaft 16 rotates, also operates. At this point, the drill bit 36 ​​can rotate, move to one side, and oscillate back and forth simultaneously. Through the established oscillation mechanism, the stroke of this oscillation movement can be adaptively adjusted according to the hardness of the coal seam. The multi-angle drilling adjustment function significantly improves the coverage and targeting of gas permeability enhancement. The equipment can flexibly adjust the drilling angle according to the occurrence, thickness distribution, and high-gas accumulation areas of "three-soft" coal seams, breaking the limitations of fixed-angle drilling in existing equipment. It can achieve omnidirectional drilling operations at different depths and directions, ensuring precise penetration of the dense areas of the coal seam and covering all high-gas hazard points. This effectively solves the problem of drilling blind spots caused by the complex occurrence of "three-soft" coal seams, providing a more sufficient channel for gas seepage. This significantly improves permeability; the reciprocating oscillating tunneling stroke can be adjusted according to the coal seam hardness, offering excellent adaptability and enhanced safety. Addressing the significant hardness differences in different areas of "three-soft" coal seams, the equipment can adapt to changes in coal seam hardness in real time, flexibly adjusting the reciprocating oscillating tunneling stroke: when used in softer coal seams, shortening the oscillation stroke effectively prevents coal seam collapse and borehole deformation due to excessive oscillation, protecting coal seam integrity and borehole stability, and reducing construction safety hazards; when used in relatively harder coal seams, lengthening the oscillation stroke enhances the oscillation impact force, effectively breaking through the dense structure of the coal seam, rapidly forming a dense fracture network, and improving gas seepage efficiency. This solves the problem of existing equipment's fixed stroke being unable to adapt to coal seams of different hardness. This equipment achieves the dual effect of "preventing collapse in soft coal and achieving strong breakthrough in hard coal"; it significantly improves gas permeability, shortens the extraction cycle, and reduces treatment costs; through a combination of multi-angle drilling and adaptive hardness oscillation stroke adjustment, the equipment can quickly form uniform and dense gas seepage channels in "three-soft" coal seams while ensuring construction safety, accelerating gas desorption and flow within the coal seam, significantly improving gas extraction efficiency, effectively shortening the gas extraction cycle, and reducing the manpower and material resources required for gas treatment; at the same time, the adaptability design of the equipment reduces the probability of borehole scrapping and secondary construction, reduces equipment wear and construction costs, and further improves the economics of coal mine gas treatment; it is highly adaptable, easy to operate, and widely applicable.The equipment is specifically designed for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams, and can be flexibly adapted to "three-soft" coal seams with different occurrence conditions and hardness. It can be put into use without large-scale modifications, and its versatility is superior to existing fixed-specification equipment. Furthermore, the angle and stroke adjustments are convenient and can be adjusted in real time according to on-site construction conditions, reducing the labor intensity of operators and facilitating on-site promotion and application. It effectively solves the problems of poor adaptability and complex operation of existing equipment in "three-soft" coal seams, providing strong support for the safe and efficient mining of "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams.

Claims

1. A gas permeability enhancement device for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams, comprising a mobile vehicle (1), characterized in that: The mobile vehicle (1) is equipped with a U-shaped plate that can be raised and lowered at the upper end, a rotating mechanism at the lower end of the U-shaped plate, a tray (13) that can be flipped up and down at the upper end of the U-shaped plate, a base plate (14) installed at the upper end of the tray (13), a long rotating shaft (16) that can be rotated at the upper end of the base plate (14), and a drill bit (36) at the upper end of the base plate (14). When the long rotating shaft (16) rotates, the drill bit (36) can rotate and move to one side at the same time. The upper end of the base plate (14) is also equipped with an oscillation mechanism, which includes a ring wheel (18). When the ring wheel (18) deflects, the long rotating shaft (16) rotates, which can make the drill bit (36) rotate and move to one side while oscillating.

2. The gas permeability enhancement equipment for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile vehicle (1) is fixedly connected to a support base (4) at its upper end. The support base (4) is provided with a telescopic rod (5) at its upper end. A U-shaped seat (9) is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (5). A large gear (8) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the U-shaped seat (9). A first motor (2) is also fixedly connected to the upper end of the mobile vehicle (1). A telescopic shaft (3) is provided at the output end of the first motor (2). A small gear (7) that meshes with the large gear (8) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the telescopic shaft (3).

3. The gas permeability enhancement equipment for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the U-shaped seat (9) is fixedly connected to a second motor (10), and the output end of the second motor (10) is provided with a worm (11). The upper end of the worm (11) is meshed with a fan-shaped worm wheel (12). The support plate (13) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the U-shaped seat (9), and the fan-shaped worm wheel (12) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate (13).

4. The gas permeability enhancement equipment for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (14) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the third motor (15), the long rotating shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor (15), the bottom plate (14) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the support plate (13), and two notches (17) are opened on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft (16), and the ring wheel (18) is hinged at the notch (17).

5. The gas permeability enhancement equipment for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The oscillation mechanism also includes a positioning sleeve (22) that is slidably connected to the long rotating shaft (16). The lower end of the positioning sleeve (22) is hinged to a short connecting rod (21). The front end of the short connecting rod (21) is hinged to the ring wheel (18). A ball rod (20) is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate (13). The upper end of the ball rod (20) is provided with a ball head (19) that cooperates with the ring wheel (18). A locking component is provided inside the positioning sleeve (22).

6. The gas permeability enhancement equipment for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a sleeve (24) fixedly connected to the positioning sleeve (22), an inner rod (26) slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (24), a handle (25) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the inner rod (26), a stop pad (28) fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner rod (26), a spring (27) that cooperates with the stop pad (28) is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner rod (26), a locking pin (29) fixedly connected to the lower end of the stop pad (28), and multiple slots (23) that cooperate with the locking pin (29) are opened on the outer surface of the long rotating shaft (16).

7. The gas permeability enhancement equipment for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A drive plate (34) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the base plate (14). A drill bit (36) is mounted on the drive plate (34). A threaded rod (30) that is slidably connected to a long rotating shaft (16) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drive plate (34). A threaded seat (31) that is fixed to the base plate (14) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the threaded rod (30).

8. The gas permeability enhancement equipment for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The upper inner wall of the drive plate (34) is rotatably connected to a drill rod (35), and a drill bit (36) is fixed to one end of the drill rod (35). A drive spur gear (32) is fixed to one side of the outer surface of the threaded rod (30), and a driven spur gear (33) that meshes with the drive spur gear (32) is fixed to the outer surface of the drill rod (35).

9. The gas permeability enhancement equipment for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The drill rod (35) is also fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface with a first connecting ring (37) and a second connecting ring (38). The bottom plate (14) is fixedly connected to two sealing rings (42). The first connecting ring (37) and the second connecting ring (38) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding sealing ring (42). The sealing ring (42) is provided with an inlet pipe (39) and an outlet pipe (40). The bottom plate (14) is provided with a water tank (43). The inlet pipe (39) and the outlet pipe (40) are both connected to the water tank (43). The inner wall of the drill rod (35) is provided with a cooling pipe (41). The inlet and outlet of the cooling pipe (41) are both set in the corresponding first connecting ring (37) and the second connecting ring (38).

10. The method of using a gas permeability enhancement device for "three-soft" low-permeability coal seams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Drive the mobile vehicle (1) to move the entire gas permeability enhancement equipment to the preset drilling operation area of ​​the "three soft" low permeability coal seam, so that the drill bit (36) faces the working face and completes the initial positioning of the equipment. S2. Adjust the lifting height of the U-shaped plate. By controlling the lifting action of the U-shaped plate at the top of the mobile vehicle (1), adjust the drill bit (36) to a working height that matches the preset drilling depth, and ensure that the vertical distance between the drill bit (36) and the coal seam working face meets the drilling requirements. S3. Adjust the horizontal direction of the drill bit (36), start the rotation mechanism at the lower end of the U-shaped plate, drive the U-shaped plate to rotate in the vertical direction through the rotation mechanism, drive the support plate (13), the base plate (14) and the drill bit (36) to rotate synchronously until the drill bit (36) is aligned with the horizontal direction of the preset drilling hole, and complete the horizontal angle adjustment. S4. Adjust the vertical tilt angle of the drill bit (36) and control the vertical flipping action of the upper support plate (13) of the U-shaped plate, so as to drive the bottom plate (14) and the drill bit (36) to flip synchronously, adjust the drill bit (36) to the preset tilt angle, adapt to the occurrence direction and thickness distribution of the "three soft" coal seam, and realize multi-angle drilling preparation. S5. Start drilling operation, control the long shaft (16) at the top of the bottom plate (14) to rotate, drive the drill bit (36) to rotate and move towards the coal seam working face, drill the "three soft" low permeability coal seam to form the initial gas seepage channel. S6. Activate the oscillation permeability enhancement function. According to the hardness of the coal seam at the current drilling location, adjust the deflection angle of the ring wheel (18) in the oscillation mechanism so that the long rotating shaft (16) drives the drill bit (36) to rotate, move into the coal seam, and perform reciprocating oscillation motion while rotating continuously. For softer coal seams, shorten the stroke of the drill bit (36) to avoid coal seam collapse and borehole deformation. For relatively hard coal seams, lengthen the stroke of the drill bit (36) to enhance the oscillation impact force to break through the dense structure of the coal seam.

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