Combined steel pipe piece suitable for open-type tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined type steel pipe piece suitable for an open type tunnel boring machine. The combined type steel pipe piece comprises four types of steel plate type steel pipe pieces, steel plate concrete steel pipe pieces, reinforcing mesh type steel pipe pieces and half steel plate type steel pipe pieces. One or more of the four types of steel pipe pieces are selected to be spliced to form a steel ring structural body. The combined steel pipe pieces are spliced into the steel ring structure body, anchor rod construction supporting and follow-up mixed spraying supporting can be conducted through the meshes in the reinforcing mesh subsequently, and therefore a novel supporting system which is high in bearing capacity and capable of achieving strong supporting is formed. The construction safety is ensured by splicing in the shield body, the construction cost of the open-type tunnel boring machine passing through the unfavorable geology is greatly reduced through the profile steel structure, rapid splicing is achieved through the hexagonal structure, and the open-type tunnel boring machine can rapidly pass through the unfavorable geology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring construction technology, and in particular relates to a combined steel segment suitable for open tunnel boring machines. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) mainly include three structures: open-face, single-shield, and double-shield. Open-face TBMs have relatively weak geological adaptability; when operating in adverse geological conditions, they are prone to jamming and other problems, requiring significant manpower, resources, and time to clear these abnormalities.

[0003] In tunnel engineering, steel segment is a prefabricated lining component made primarily of steel. Its core function is to enhance the mechanical properties of tunnel lining and adapt to special working conditions, playing a crucial role, especially in complex geological or high-risk projects.

[0004] Currently, common steel tubular segments include pure steel tubular segments and steel plate concrete tubular segments.

[0005] Among them, pure steel sheets are made of steel only (without concrete filling) and have anti-corrosion treatment on the surface. They have the advantages of being lightweight (40%~60% lighter than steel-concrete composite pipe segments), highly corrosion resistant (directly resisting chemical erosion), and fast construction speed (no need to wait for concrete curing). However, they have low rigidity (easy to deform), high cost (large amount of pure steel used), and poor fire resistance (requires additional fireproof coating).

[0006] Steel plate concrete segments have an outer steel plate (bearing tensile force) and an inner concrete filling (bearing compressive force). Combining the ductility of steel with the compressive strength of concrete, the stiffness is increased by more than 50%, and the cost is lower than that of pure steel segments. However, the segments are heavy, resulting in low transportation and installation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a modular steel segment system suitable for open-face tunnel boring machines (TBMs). This system assembles modular steel segments into a steel ring structure, allowing for subsequent anchor bolt installation and shotcrete support using the mesh within the steel reinforcement. This results in a novel support system with strong load-bearing capacity and robust support. Assembling the segments within the shield ensures construction safety. The steel structure significantly reduces construction costs for open-face TBMs navigating challenging geological conditions. The hexagonal structure enables rapid assembly, allowing open-face TBMs to quickly traverse adverse geological terrain.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is to design a combined steel segment suitable for open tunnel boring machines, characterized in that: the combined steel segment includes four types of steel segments: steel plate type steel segment, steel plate concrete type steel segment, steel mesh type steel segment, and semi-steel plate type steel segment; by selecting one or more of the four types of steel segments and splicing them together, a steel ring structure is formed.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer side of the steel plate-shaped steel tube segment is a single arc-shaped steel plate, and several ribs are arranged on the inner side of the single arc-shaped steel plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer side of the steel plate concrete pipe segment is a single arc-shaped steel plate, and ribs are installed on the inner side of the single arc-shaped steel plate and filled with concrete.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer side of the steel mesh-type steel pipe segment is a steel mesh structure, and the inner side of the steel mesh structure is a steel component.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer side of the semi-steel plate steel pipe segment has an upper part that is an arc-shaped steel plate and a lower part that is a steel mesh structure, and several ribs are installed on the inner side of the semi-steel plate steel pipe segment.

[0013] Furthermore, the combined steel pipe segment has a hexagonal appearance, and the two ends of the arc surface of the combined steel pipe segment are triangular. When two adjacent combined steel pipe segments are spliced ​​together, one side of one end of the combined steel pipe segment fits into one side of the other end of the combined steel pipe segment, so that the two adjacent combined steel pipe segments are misaligned.

[0014] In general adverse geological conditions, steel mesh-type steel pipe segments can be used to strengthen the support. Compared with arch frames, the structure is more reliable and the installation is safer. After installation, subsequent anchor spraying support can be carried out.

[0015] In soft rock formations where sufficient thrust cannot be provided, a steel plate concrete-steel pipe segment base and a steel mesh steel pipe segment base can be used. The bottom steel plate concrete-steel pipe segment provides part of the thrust required for tunneling through a bottom auxiliary thrust cylinder. This support method can be subsequently anchored and sprayed.

[0016] In fractured strata where sufficient thrust cannot be provided, a combination of steel plate concrete steel pipe segments at the bottom, steel mesh steel pipe segments on both sides, and steel plate steel pipe segments at the top can be used for construction. The steel plate concrete steel pipe segments at the bottom provide part of the thrust required for tunneling through the bottom auxiliary thrust cylinder, and the steel plate steel pipe segments at the top prevent the fractured surrounding rock above from falling. This support method can be subsequently anchored and shotcreted on both sides, and grouting support can be performed on the top.

[0017] In extremely unfavorable geological conditions and strata with extremely strong rockbursts, steel plate concrete segments can be assembled in a whole ring to provide strong support. At the same time, the thrust required for tunneling is provided by pushing the whole ring of steel segments with auxiliary hydraulic cylinders.

[0018] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention assembles a steel ring structure using modular steel pipe segments, allowing for subsequent anchor bolt construction and shotcrete support via the mesh within the reinforcing steel mesh. This results in a novel support system with strong load-bearing capacity and robust support. Assembling the structure within the shield body ensures construction safety; the steel structure significantly reduces the construction cost of open-face tunnel boring machines navigating adverse geological conditions; and the hexagonal structure enables rapid assembly, allowing open-face tunnel boring machines to quickly traverse challenging geological environments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a steel ring structure assembled from composite steel pipe segments.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a steel-concrete composite steel pipe segment.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of a steel plate-type steel tube segment.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a steel mesh-type steel pipe segment.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a semi-steel plate steel pipe segment.

[0024] Among them, steel plate steel pipe segment 1, steel plate concrete steel pipe segment 2, steel mesh steel pipe segment 3, and semi-steel plate steel pipe segment 4. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example: like Figures 1-5 As shown, the composite steel pipe segment has a hexagonal appearance and includes four types: steel plate type steel pipe segment 1, steel plate concrete type steel pipe segment 2, steel mesh type steel pipe segment 3, and semi-steel plate type steel pipe segment 4.

[0027] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the outer side of the steel plate-shaped steel pipe segment 1 (i.e., the side closest to the surrounding rock) is a single piece of arc-shaped steel plate. Figure 2 (This is a perspective view; the steel plate is not shown.) Several ribs are installed on the inner side of the entire curved steel plate to enhance overall strength. The specifications of the steel sections and plates can be selected according to specific conditions such as tunnel diameter, geological conditions, and stress.

[0028] like Figure 3As shown, the outer side (i.e. the side closest to the surrounding rock) of the steel plate concrete segment 2 is a whole arc-shaped steel plate. Ribs are installed on the inner side of the whole arc-shaped steel plate and filled with concrete. The steel plate structure and thickness can be adjusted according to the load-bearing requirements to meet the stress requirements of the segment under different geological conditions.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the outer side (i.e. the side closest to the surrounding rock) of the steel mesh section 3 is a steel mesh structure, and the inner side of the steel mesh structure is a steel component. The specifications of the steel component can be selected according to the specific conditions such as tunnel diameter, geology, and stress.

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, the outer side of the semi-steel plate steel pipe segment 4 (i.e. the side closest to the surrounding rock) has an upper part of an arc-shaped steel plate and a lower part of a steel mesh structure. Several ribs are installed on the inner side of the semi-steel plate steel pipe segment 4 to improve the overall strength.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the composite steel pipe segment assembly into a steel ring structure employs a combination of top steel plate-type steel pipe segments 1, side steel mesh-type steel pipe segments 3, bottom steel plate concrete-filled steel pipe segments 2, and semi-steel plate-type steel pipe segments 4 for transition between the top and sides. The top steel plate-type steel pipe segments 1 prevent the collapse of the fractured surrounding rock above. This support method allows for subsequent anchor spraying support on both sides and grouting support on the top. The bottom steel plate concrete-filled steel pipe segments 2 provide some of the thrust required for tunneling through bottom auxiliary thrust cylinders.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined steel segment suitable for open-face tunnel boring machines, characterized in that: The composite steel pipe segment includes four types of steel pipe segments: steel plate type, steel plate concrete type, steel mesh type, and semi-steel plate type. By selecting one or more of the four types of steel pipe segments and splicing them together, a steel ring structure is formed.

2. A combined steel segment suitable for open-face tunnel boring machines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the steel plate-shaped steel tube segment is a single arc-shaped steel plate, and several ribs are installed on the inner side of the single arc-shaped steel plate.

3. A combined steel segment suitable for open-face tunnel boring machines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the steel plate concrete pipe segment is a whole arc-shaped steel plate, and ribs are installed on the inner side of the whole arc-shaped steel plate and filled with concrete.

4. A combined steel segment suitable for open-face tunnel boring machines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the steel mesh-type steel pipe segment is a steel mesh structure, and the inner side of the steel mesh structure is a steel component.

5. A combined steel segment suitable for open-face tunnel boring machines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the semi-steel plate steel pipe segment has an upper part that is an arc-shaped steel plate and a lower part that is a steel mesh structure, and several ribs are installed on the inner side of the semi-steel plate steel pipe segment.

6. A combined steel segment suitable for open-face tunnel boring machines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite steel pipe segment has a hexagonal appearance, with triangular ends on the arc surface. When two adjacent composite steel pipe segments are spliced ​​together, one side of one end of one composite steel pipe segment fits into one side of the other composite steel pipe segment, causing the two adjacent composite steel pipe segments to be misaligned.

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