Coarse-particle gangue slurry stability simulation test device and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coarse-particle gangue slurry stability simulation test device and a test method, the device comprises a settling box body used for preparing simulation liquid, one side of the settling box body is provided with a positioning plate, the positioning plate is provided with a high-speed camera and a light source, and a lens of the high-speed camera faces the settling box body; the high-speed camera is connected with a computer through a data transmission line. The testing method comprises the following steps: determining the time T when coarse-particle gangue needs to be kept stable during filling of gangue slurry; then measuring the viscosity value of the gangue slurry, and preparing a simulation solution with a consistent concentration in the settling box body; after coarse-particle gangue is put into the settling box body, timing is conducted, and image data are recorded; and when the timing reaches the time T, stopping recording the image data, obtaining the displacement distance of the coarse-particle gangue based on the recorded image data, and judging the stability of the gangue slurry through the displacement distance. The problem that the stability of the coarse-particle gangue slurry is difficult to effectively evaluate in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine gangue backfilling technology, specifically relating to a simulation testing device and testing method for the stability of coarse-grained gangue slurry. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the disposal of coal gangue has received increasing attention and has become one of the key bottlenecks restricting the green and efficient development of the coal industry. To promote the resource utilization of gangue and the ecological protection of mining areas, slurry backfilling technology, as an emerging method, has been continuously promoted and applied in coal mines. This technology typically involves crushing coal gangue into aggregates of specific particle sizes, mixing it with water and additives to prepare a slurry of a certain concentration, and then pumping it through pipelines to the underground goaf to achieve large-scale disposal of gangue.

[0003] However, with the expansion of coal mining scale and the continuous extension of mining areas, the slurry transportation distance and time have increased accordingly, leading to a significant increase in the risk of coarse-grained gangue settling within the system. Once large amounts of coarse particles accumulate, a dense sediment layer can easily form at the bottom of the pipeline, potentially causing pipe blockage accidents, severely impacting normal production and threatening mine safety. Therefore, higher requirements are placed on the stability of coal gangue slurry. Currently, the industry lacks dedicated testing equipment and methods capable of accurately simulating actual working conditions and effectively assessing the stability of coarse-grained gangue slurry, making it difficult to systematically analyze its migration and settling patterns. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a stability simulation and testing device for coarse-particle gangue slurry, which solves the problem that it is difficult to effectively evaluate the stability of coarse-particle gangue slurry in the prior art.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for simulating and testing the stability of coarse-grained gangue slurry.

[0006] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is a coarse-particle gangue slurry stability simulation test device, including a settling tank for preparing the simulation liquid, with a height of not less than 20cm, a length of not less than 10cm, and a width of not less than 10 times the particle size of the coarse particles being tested. A positioning plate is installed on one side of the settling tank, and a high-speed camera and a light source are installed on the positioning plate. The lens of the high-speed camera faces the settling tank, and the high-speed camera is connected to a computer via a data transmission cable.

[0007] The first technical solution of the present invention is further characterized in that, The positioning plate has several positioning holes, and the back of the high-speed camera is connected to a first telescopic support rod, the bottom of which is inserted into the positioning hole.

[0008] A second telescopic support rod is provided at the bottom of the light source, and the bottom of the second telescopic support rod is inserted into the positioning hole.

[0009] The settling tank includes a shell, and a polyacrylamide solution chamber is provided on the top of the shell. The outlet of the polyacrylamide solution chamber is connected to a metering dosing machine, which delivers the solution in the polyacrylamide solution chamber into the shell. The top of the shell is also equipped with a pure water interface. One end of the pure water interface is connected to a water source, and the other end extends into the shell through a pipe. A metering valve is installed on the pipe.

[0010] The settling tank is also equipped with an electric stirring unit, which includes a motor located at the top of the settling tank. The output shaft of the motor is connected to a stirring rod that extends into the interior of the settling tank and has several stirring blades attached to it.

[0011] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is a method for simulating and testing the stability of coarse-grained gangue slurry, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Determine the time T during which the coarse-grained gangue needs to remain stable when filling the gangue slurry; Step 2: Measure the viscosity of the gangue slurry and prepare a simulated liquid of the appropriate concentration in the settling tank according to the viscosity value; Step 3: Put coarse-grained gangue into the settling tank. Once the gangue has completely entered the simulated liquid, start timing and record image data. Step 4: When the timer reaches time T, stop recording image data and obtain the displacement distance of coarse-grained gangue based on the recorded image data. The stability of the gangue slurry is then determined by the displacement distance.

[0012] The second technical solution of the present invention is further characterized in that, In step 1, the time T during which the coarse-grained gangue needs to remain stable includes determining the conveying time. t 1 and emergency repair time t 2.

[0013] In step 4, the displacement distance is obtained using image processing software. The stability of the gangue slurry is determined based on the displacement distance using the following formula: ; In the formula, X is the displacement distance of coarse-grained gangue within time T; D is the inner diameter of the conveying pipeline. When the value of k is less than 1, the gangue slurry can be transported stably; otherwise, it is unstable.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention addresses the lack of dedicated and efficient testing methods for assessing the stability of coarse-grained gangue slurry. It proposes a comprehensive testing device and method integrating high-speed imaging, automatic liquid preparation, and computer image processing, effectively filling the gap in specialized equipment in this field. The device, through an automatically controlled simulated liquid preparation system, can accurately prepare a simulated liquid with the same viscosity as the actual slurry, ensuring that experimental conditions truly reflect actual working conditions. Combined with a flexibly adjustable optical monitoring structure, it achieves high-precision, non-contact dynamic capture of the settling behavior of coarse particles under different working conditions. This method is simple to operate, can quickly extract particle displacement trajectories, and accurately and quantitatively evaluate slurry stability based on these trajectories. It provides reliable data support for optimizing backfill material formulations and adjusting process parameters, and has significant engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stability simulation and testing device for coarse-particle gangue slurry of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the stability simulation and testing device for coarse-grained gangue slurry of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the settling chamber in the coarse-particle gangue slurry stability simulation test device of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram, 1. High-speed camera, 2. Settling tank, 3. Light source, 4. Data transmission line, 5. Computer, 6. Positioning plate, 7. First telescopic support rod, 8. Second telescopic support rod, 9. Simulated liquid, 10. Coarse-particle gangue, 11. Electric stirring unit, 12. Polyacrylamide solution chamber, 13. Pure water interface, 14. Dosing machine, 15. Dosing valve, 16. Shell. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Example 1 The present invention provides a stability simulation and testing device for coarse-grained gangue slurry, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the core consists of a settling tank 2 for configuring the simulated liquid 9, a high-speed camera 1 and a light source 3 for observation and monitoring, a positioning plate 6 for installation and positioning, and a computer 5 for image processing. All components work together to achieve precise capture and analysis of the settling process of coarse-grained gangue 10.

[0019] The settling chamber 2 is made of high-transparency acrylic sheet, which ensures an unobstructed viewing angle and facilitates clear capture of the settling trajectory of coarse gangue 10 in the simulated liquid 9. In terms of size design, the settling chamber 2 has a height of not less than 20cm, a length of not less than 10cm, and a width of not less than 10 times the particle size of the coarse gangue 10 being tested. The sufficient height and length provide the coarse gangue 10 with a settling space that conforms to the actual working conditions, avoiding distortion of the settling trajectory due to space constraints. The special design of the width can effectively prevent the coarse gangue 10 from stacking or adhering to the wall inside the chamber, ensuring that the settling behavior of individual particles is independent and monitorable. At the same time, the settling chamber 2 is also a dedicated configuration and bearing space for the simulated liquid 9.

[0020] A positioning plate 6 is provided on one side of the settling box 2. A high-speed camera 1 and a light source 3 are provided on the positioning plate 6. The lens of the high-speed camera 1 faces the settling box 2. The high-speed camera 1 is connected to a computer 5 through a data transmission line 4.

[0021] In addition, the high-speed camera 1 establishes a stable connection with the computer 5 through the data transmission line 4. The settling image data of the coarse-grained gangue 10 captured by the high-speed camera 1 can be transmitted to the computer 5 in real time through the data transmission line 4, providing raw data support for subsequent analysis of the vertical displacement of the coarse-grained gangue 10 and evaluation of the stability of the slurry using the image processing software built into the computer 5.

[0022] Example 2 The present invention provides a stability simulation and testing device for coarse-grained gangue slurry, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a settling tank 2 for preparing the simulated liquid 9. The settling tank 2 is made of acrylic sheet material, with a height of not less than 20cm, a length of not less than 10cm, and a width of not less than 10 times the particle size of the coarse particles being tested. A positioning plate 6 is fixedly installed on one side of the settling tank 2. The positioning plate 6 serves as the installation reference for the observation components. It has a pre-set installation structure: the high-speed camera 1 is connected to the positioning plate 6 via a first telescopic support rod 7. The first telescopic support rod 7 can be flexibly adjusted in height and angle, ensuring that the lens of the high-speed camera 1 is precisely oriented towards the observation surface of the settling tank 2, guaranteeing complete coverage of the area where the simulated liquid 9 is located. The light source 3 is connected to the positioning plate 6 via a second telescopic support rod 8. The adjustment function of the second telescopic support rod 8 can adjust the illumination angle and range of the light source 3 according to the position of the high-speed camera 1, avoiding shadow obstruction during observation and improving image clarity. The high-speed camera 1 is connected to a computer 5 via a data transmission cable 4.

[0023] Furthermore, the positioning plate 6 serves as the mounting reference component for the high-speed camera 1 and the light source 3. Several positioning holes are evenly provided on its plate body. The diameter of these positioning holes is adapted to the bottom diameter of the first telescopic support rod 7 and the second telescopic support rod 8, providing a precise insertion and positioning basis for the two types of support rods, ensuring that the position of the subsequent observation components is stable and not easily shifted after installation.

[0024] Example 3 This embodiment is based on the above embodiment 2, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the coarse-particle gangue slurry stability simulation test device of the present invention, the settling tank 2 has a shell 16 as the core supporting frame. The shell 16 not only provides a closed space for the preparation and storage of the simulated liquid 9, but also integrates key components for precise control of the simulated liquid composition on its top to ensure that the concentration of the simulated liquid is consistent with the viscosity of the actual gangue slurry. The specific structural connections and functions are as follows: A polyacrylamide solution chamber 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the housing 16. This solution chamber is specifically used to store the polyacrylamide solution required for preparing the simulated solution and is the supply source of key additives in the simulated solution. An outlet is opened at the bottom of the polyacrylamide solution chamber 12. The outlet is stably connected to the metering machine 14 through a pipeline. The metering machine 14 can accurately control the delivery volume of the polyacrylamide solution according to the preset simulated solution concentration ratio and accurately deliver the solution into the housing 16 through the pipeline, so as to avoid the viscosity of the simulated solution not meeting the test requirements due to the deviation of the additive dosage.

[0025] Meanwhile, a pure water interface 13 is also installed on the top of the housing 16. One end of the pure water interface 13 is connected to an external water source through a pipeline to provide a basic solvent for the preparation of the simulated solution; the other end is directly connected to the inside of the housing 16 through an extension pipeline, on which a metering valve 15 is fixedly installed. The metering valve 15 can work in conjunction with the metering dosing machine 14 to precisely control the amount of pure water according to the set ratio, so that the pure water and polyacrylamide solution are mixed in the housing 16 in a preset ratio, laying the foundation for the subsequent stirring of the electric stirring unit 11 to form a homogeneous simulated solution 9, ensuring that the physical properties of the simulated solution are consistent with those of the gangue slurry under actual working conditions, and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0026] Example 4 Based on Example 3 above, this embodiment has an electric stirring unit 11 specially installed in the settling tank 2 to achieve homogeneous mixing of the simulated liquid. This unit is a key component to ensure that the concentration and viscosity of the simulated liquid 9 are uniform and meet the test requirements.

[0027] The electric stirring unit 11 uses a motor as its core power source. The motor is fixedly installed on the top of the settling tank 2, and the motor output shaft is set vertically downward to ensure that the power transmission direction is consistent with the stirring direction. The motor output shaft is stably connected to the stirring rod through a coupling. The stirring rod penetrates the top wall of the settling tank 2 vertically and extends into the interior of the settling tank 2. The penetration point between the stirring rod and the tank wall is sealed to prevent leakage of the simulated liquid during the stirring process.

[0028] Inside the settling tank 2, several stirring blades are evenly connected to the stirring rod. These blades are arranged symmetrically or spirally to cover different heights and radial areas within the settling tank 2. When the electric stirring unit 11 is started, the motor drives the output shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the stirring rod and stirring blades to rotate synchronously. This fully stirs the polyacrylamide solution and pure water within the settling tank 2, breaking down liquid stratification or uneven local concentrations. Ultimately, a uniformly viscous and consistent simulated liquid 9 is formed, providing a homogeneous liquid environment for subsequent coarse-particle gangue 10 settling tests and ensuring the accuracy of the test data.

[0029] Since the electric stirring unit 11 in this solution is a commonly used existing stirring technology, its structure is not specifically shown in the figure.

[0030] Example 5 The present invention provides a method for simulating the stability of coarse-grained gangue slurry, using the aforementioned simulation testing apparatus, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the time T during which the coarse-grained gangue 10 needs to remain stable when the gangue slurry is being filled; Specifically, the time T during which the coarse-grained gangue 10 needs to remain stable includes determining the conveying time. t 1 and emergency repair time t 2. t 1. Determined based on the pipeline length and slurry flow rate of the filling system. t 2. Based on mine emergency maintenance experience.

[0031] Step 2: Measure the viscosity of the gangue slurry. Use a rotational viscometer to measure the viscosity of the gangue slurry designed for the on-site process. The gangue slurry designed for the on-site process has the same composition as the actual backfill slurry. Read and record the viscosity value at the standard temperature. And based on the viscosity value, a simulated liquid 9 of the appropriate concentration is prepared in the settling tank 2; Specifically, based on the viscosity change law of the polyacrylamide solution, the delivery volume of the solution in the polyacrylamide solution chamber 12 is controlled by the quantitative dosing machine 14, and the amount of pure water connected to the pure water interface 13 is controlled by the quantitative valve 15, so that the polyacrylamide solution and pure water are injected into the shell 16 of the settling tank 2 according to the preset ratio. The electric stirring unit 11 is started to stir until the mixture is uniform, ensuring that the viscosity of the prepared simulated liquid is consistent with the viscosity of the measured gangue slurry.

[0032] Step 3: Put coarse-grained gangue 10 into the settling tank. After the gangue has completely entered the simulated liquid 9, the computer 5 starts timing and turns on the high-speed camera 1 to record image data. The image data is transmitted to the computer 5 for storage in real time through the data transmission line 4.

[0033] Step 4: When the timer reaches time T, stop recording image data and obtain the displacement distance of the coarse-grained gangue 10 based on the recorded image data. The displacement distance is obtained through image processing software. Finally, the stability of the gangue slurry is determined by the displacement distance.

[0034] Specifically, the stability of the gangue slurry is determined based on the displacement distance as shown in the following formula: ; In the formula, X is the displacement distance of coarse-grained gangue within time T; D is the inner diameter of the conveying pipeline. When the value of k is less than 1, the gangue slurry can be transported stably; otherwise, it is unstable.

[0035] Example 6 In this implementation, a coal mine gangue slurry filling system was used. The slurry transport time t1 was 60 minutes, and the system emergency maintenance time t2 was 30 minutes. Based on this, the total time for coarse particles to remain stable in the slurry was determined to be T = t1 + t2 = 90 minutes. The inner diameter D of the system's transport pipeline was 150 mm, the viscosity of the gangue slurry was 1.0 Pa·s, and the maximum particle size of the coarse particles was 3.00 mm.

[0036] The experiment was conducted using the coarse-grained gangue slurry stability simulation testing device described in this invention. The settling tank 2 was made of transparent acrylic sheet, with a height of 30cm, a length of 15cm, and a width of 5cm. The width of 5cm was set to be more than 10 times the maximum particle size (3.0mm) of the coarse particles being tested, thus meeting the testing requirements. The high-speed camera 1 and the light source 3 were respectively fixed to the corresponding positioning holes of the positioning plate 6 through the retractable support rods at their bottoms, and were respectively facing the observation surface of the settling tank 2.

[0037] The experimental steps are as follows: First, the simulated solution is prepared. The simulated solution preparation system is turned on, and pure water is connected through the pure water interface 13. The metering dispenser 14 and metering valve 15 automatically add polyacrylamide solution and pure water to the settling tank 2 according to a preset ratio. During the addition process, the electric stirring unit 11 simultaneously stirs at a speed of 250 r / min for 8 minutes to form a homogeneous simulated solution. The concentration of the simulated solution is set according to the viscosity variation law of the polyacrylamide solution, and the final viscosity of the prepared simulated solution is 1.0 Pa·s, consistent with the viscosity value of the gangue slurry designed for the on-site process.

[0038] After the simulated liquid is prepared, it is kept still. The high-speed camera 1 is turned on and the frame rate is set. A coarse-grained gangue 10 with a particle size of 3.0 mm is added into the settling tank 2. The moment the coarse particle is completely submerged in the simulated liquid 9, the computer 5 automatically starts timing and simultaneously records the image data transmitted by the high-speed camera 1. Recording continues until the total time T (90 minutes) is reached, at which point recording stops.

[0039] Data processing and analysis were then performed. Computer 5 ran its built-in image processing software to analyze the recorded image sequence, identify and track the movement trajectory of the coarse particles, and obtain their final vertical displacement X.

[0040] In this embodiment, X = 10 mm was measured. Based on the stability evaluation method proposed in this invention, the stability coefficient k = X / (0.1D) = 10 / (0.1×150) = 10 / 15 ≈ 0.67 was calculated.

[0041] According to the evaluation criteria (k<1 is considered stable), in this embodiment k≈0.67<1, therefore it is determined that under this specific working condition, the coarse-grained gangue slurry has good stability and can meet the operating requirements of the actual filling system.

[0042] This embodiment verifies that the device and method described in this invention can effectively simulate the state of the slurry on site and achieve accurate and reliable evaluation of the stability of coarse-particle gangue slurry with a particle size of 3.0 mm and a system viscosity of 1.0 Pa·s.

[0043] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A stability simulation and testing device for coarse-grained gangue slurry, characterized in that, Includes a settling tank (2) for preparing the simulated liquid (9), with a height of not less than 20cm, a length of not less than 10cm, and a width of not less than 10 times the particle size of the coarse particles being tested; A positioning plate (6) is provided on one side of the settling box (2). A high-speed camera (1) and a light source (3) are provided on the positioning plate (6). The lens of the high-speed camera (1) faces the settling box (2). The high-speed camera (1) is connected to a computer (5) through a data transmission line (4).

2. The stability simulation and testing device for coarse-grained gangue slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning plate (6) has several positioning holes, and the back of the high-speed camera (1) is connected to a first telescopic support rod (7), the bottom of which is inserted into the positioning hole.

3. The stability simulation and testing device for coarse-grained gangue slurry according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the light source (3) is provided with a second telescopic support rod (8), and the bottom of the second telescopic support rod (8) is inserted into the positioning hole.

4. The stability simulation and testing device for coarse-grained gangue slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The settling tank (2) includes a shell (16), and a polyacrylamide solution chamber (12) is provided on the top of the shell (16). The outlet of the polyacrylamide solution chamber (12) is connected to a metering machine (14), which delivers the solution in the polyacrylamide solution chamber (12) to the inside of the shell (16). The top of the shell (16) is also provided with a pure water interface (13). One end of the pure water interface (13) is connected to a water source, and the other end extends into the shell (16) through a pipe. A metering valve (15) is provided on the pipe.

5. The stability simulation and testing device for coarse-grained gangue slurry according to claim 4, characterized in that, The settling tank (2) is also equipped with an electric stirring unit (11). The electric stirring unit (11) includes a motor located at the top of the settling tank (2). The output shaft of the motor is connected to a stirring rod, which extends into the interior of the settling tank (2). Several stirring blades are connected to the stirring rod.

6. A method for simulating and testing the stability of coarse-grained gangue slurry, characterized in that, The simulation testing apparatus described in any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Determine the time T during which the coarse-grained gangue (10) needs to remain stable when the gangue slurry is being filled; Step 2: Measure the viscosity of the gangue slurry and prepare a simulated liquid (9) of the appropriate concentration in the settling tank (2) according to the viscosity value. Step 3: Put coarse-grained gangue (10) into the settling tank. After the gangue has completely entered the simulated liquid (9), start timing and record image data. Step 4: When the timer reaches time T, stop recording image data and obtain the displacement distance of coarse-grained gangue (10) based on the recorded image data. The stability of the gangue slurry is judged by the displacement distance.

7. The method for simulating and testing the stability of coarse-grained gangue slurry according to claim 6, characterized in that, The time T during which the coarse-grained gangue (10) needs to remain stable in step 1 includes determining the conveying time. t 1 and emergency repair time t 2.

8. The method for simulating and testing the stability of coarse-grained gangue slurry according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step 4, the displacement distance is obtained using image processing software. The stability of the gangue slurry is determined based on the displacement distance, as shown in the following formula: ； In the formula, X is the displacement distance of coarse-grained gangue within time T; D is the inner diameter of the conveying pipeline. When the value of k is less than 1, the gangue slurry can be transported stably; otherwise, it is unstable.

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