Battery pack

Abstract

The invention provides a battery pack, the battery pack has a first direction, a second direction and a third direction which intersect pairwise, the battery pack comprises a cold plate, the cold plate has an upper surface and a lower surface which are oppositely arranged along the third direction, the upper surface is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the lower surface is provided with at least one group of exhaust structures; each group of exhaust structure comprises a curved plate and two baffles; the curved plate is arranged between the two baffles, and the two sides, in the first direction, of the curved plate are connected with the corresponding baffles correspondingly. The curved plate is further connected with the lower surface, first exhaust channels are defined by the curved plate, the lower surface and the two baffles, and each first exhaust channel is communicated with the corresponding air hole in position. Compared with the prior art, the first exhaust passage formed on the cold plate in the battery pack is of the curved surface structure, so that the rebound sputtering phenomenon of gas and foreign matters mixed in the gas can be improved, the influence of the thermal runaway single battery on the adjacent single battery is reduced, and the spreading of the thermal runaway phenomenon is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery venting technology, and in particular to a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] When a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, individual battery cells may open their valves to release gas. Taking a prismatic battery cell as an example, in the traditional approach, the explosion-proof valve is located on the side where the CCS (Cells Contact System) assembly is located. When the individual battery cell experiences thermal runaway and opens its valve, gas is released from the explosion-proof valve, which can easily damage the CCS assembly, leading to a short circuit in the battery pack and accelerating the spread of thermal runaway.

[0003] To address this, some battery packs have begun to place the explosion-proof valve on the side opposite to the CCS module, i.e., at the bottom of the individual battery cells. This allows for venting from the bottom of the battery cells, reducing interference to the CCS module in the event of thermal runaway. However, in existing technologies, the venting channels at the bottom of the battery cells are primarily planar. During thermal runaway, the gas generated will be vertically ejected onto the plane of the venting channel. This makes it highly susceptible to rebound and splashing of gas and any foreign matter, which can then be projected onto adjacent battery cells, accelerating the spread of thermal runaway and threatening the safety of the battery pack. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a battery pack to at least solve the problem in the prior art that when a battery pack experiences thermal runaway venting, gas and foreign matter are easily splashed back, which in turn exacerbates the spread of thermal runaway.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application is implemented as follows: This application provides a battery pack having a first direction, a second direction and a third direction that intersect each other in pairs. The battery pack includes a cold plate, the cold plate having an upper surface and a lower surface that are disposed opposite to each other along the third direction, the upper surface having a plurality of vent holes, and the lower surface having at least one set of exhaust structures. Each set of exhaust structures includes a curved panel and two baffles; the curved panel is disposed between the two baffles, and the curved panel is connected to the corresponding baffles on both sides along the first direction; The curved panel is also connected to the lower surface, and the curved panel, the lower surface, and the two baffles form a first exhaust channel, with each first exhaust channel connected to a corresponding air hole.

[0006] Optionally, each set of exhaust structures contains multiple curved panels, which are spaced apart along the second direction; a second exhaust channel is formed between two baffles, and each of the first exhaust channels is connected to the second exhaust channel. Optionally, each of the curved panels includes a spherical portion and an arcuate portion, the curvature centers of the spherical portion and the arcuate portion being located within the first exhaust channel; the spherical portion is connected to one side of the arcuate portion along the second direction, and the side of the spherical portion opposite to the arcuate portion is connected to the lower surface; the air vent corresponds to the position of the spherical portion.

[0007] Optionally, the spherical portion extends along the second direction on the side opposite to the arcuate portion to form a welded portion, which is welded to the lower surface.

[0008] Optionally, the spherical portion is provided with a first guide portion on at least one side along the first direction, and the arc-shaped portion is provided with a second guide portion on at least one side along the first direction; wherein the first guide portion and the second guide portion are located on the same side of the curved panel, and the first guide portion and the second guide portion are connected to each other and communicate with each other.

[0009] Optionally, in the second direction, the size of the second guide portion is the same as the size of the arc-shaped portion.

[0010] Optionally, a gap is provided between the second guide portion and the lower surface. Optionally, in each set of exhaust structures, the spherical portion and the arcuate portion of the plurality of curved panels are arranged alternately in sequence. Optionally, the curved panel has a central axis arranged along the second direction, and the curved panel is symmetrically arranged along the central axis.

[0011] Optionally, the upper surface has a concave portion, the air hole is located in the concave portion, and a groove is formed between the wall of the air hole and the edge of the concave portion, the groove being used to place the sealing ring.

[0012] Optionally, the exhaust structure is in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of exhaust structures are spaced apart along the first direction.

[0013] Optionally, any curve on the surface of the spherical part is a parabola.

[0014] Optionally, the battery pack further includes battery cells, the cold plate is placed at the bottom of the battery cells, the bottom of the battery cells is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and along the third direction, the projection of the explosion-proof valve on the upper surface of the cold plate is located in the vent.

[0015] Optionally, the battery pack further includes: a sealing ring; the sealing ring is disposed around the periphery of the vent, one side of the sealing ring abuts against the upper surface of the cold plate, and the other side of the sealing ring abuts against the bottom of the battery cell.

[0016] Optionally, the battery pack further includes: a frame; the battery cell and the cold plate are both disposed in the frame, the frame is provided with an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is disposed on one side of the exhaust structure along the second direction, and the gas discharged by the exhaust structure flows out from the exhaust hole.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the battery pack described in this application has the following advantages: The first exhaust channel formed on the cold plate of the battery pack in this application has a curved structure. Compared with the planar structure of exhaust channels in the prior art, this is beneficial for improving the rebound and sputtering phenomenon of gas and foreign matter, reducing the impact of thermal runaway battery cells on adjacent battery cells, thereby mitigating the spread of thermal runaway and improving the safety of the battery pack. In addition, the curved structure of the first exhaust channel can reduce the flow resistance of gas, and together with the limiting effect of the baffle, it is beneficial for guiding the orderly flow of gas and improving exhaust efficiency. Furthermore, the exhaust structure formed by the curved panel and the baffle can provide a certain degree of support for the cold plate, which is beneficial for improving the overall mechanical strength of the cold plate and improving the deformation problem of the cold plate. In addition, the first exhaust channel is directly integrated into the lower surface of the cold plate, without occupying additional space outside the cold plate, which is beneficial for improving the space utilization of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the upper surface of a cold plate according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the lower surface of a cold plate according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an exhaust structure according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 4 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of a curved panel portion in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 5 One of the cross-sectional views of an exhaust structure according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 6 A second cross-sectional view of an exhaust structure according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 7 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of a pore portion in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the flow direction of a gas in a first exhaust channel is shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of gas flowing within a first exhaust channel corresponding to a spherical portion in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 An exploded view of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of a battery pack along a second direction is shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of a battery pack along a first direction is shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 A schematic diagram is shown of a battery pack with an exhaust vent on its frame, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Cold plate, 11-Upper surface, 12-Lower surface, 13-Air pores, 14-Exhaust structure, 15-Groove, 16-Flow channel, 17-Concave surface, 141-Curved panel, 142-Baffle, 1411-Spherical part, 1412-Arc-shaped part, 1413-Welded part, 1414-First guide part, 1415-Second guide part, 101-First exhaust channel, 102-Second exhaust channel 200 - Battery cell, 201 - Explosion-proof valve, 202 - Sealing ring, 301 - Cover plate, 302 - Frame, 3021 - Vent hole, 303 - Base plate, 400 - Thermal conductive adhesive, 500 - Heat insulation pad X - First direction, Y - Second direction, Z - Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0022] The term "comprising" or any other variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0023] The following detailed description of a battery pack provided in this application is provided through specific embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the upper surface 11 of a cold plate 100 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the lower surface 12 of a cold plate 100 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an exhaust structure 14 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 10 An exploded view of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a battery pack having intersecting first directions X, second directions Y, and third directions Z. The battery pack includes a cold plate 100, which has an upper surface 11 and a lower surface 12 disposed opposite to each other along the third direction Z. The upper surface 11 is provided with a plurality of vents 13, and the lower surface 12 is provided with at least one set of exhaust structures 14. Each set of exhaust structures 14 includes a curved panel 141 and two baffles 142. The curved panel 141 is disposed between the two baffles 142, and the curved panel 141 is connected to the corresponding baffles 142 on both sides along the first direction X. The curved panel 141 is also connected to the lower surface 12, and the curved panel 141, the lower surface 12, and the two baffles 142 form a first exhaust channel 101. Each first exhaust channel 101 is connected to the vents 13 at the corresponding position.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 10 As shown, a cold plate 100 is placed inside a battery pack. The first direction X of the battery pack can be considered the length direction of the cold plate 100, the second direction Y of the battery pack can be considered the width direction of the cold plate 100, and the third direction Z of the battery pack can be considered the thickness direction of the cold plate 100. Typically, the cold plate 100 is a rectangular plate, thus the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other. However, the cold plate 100 may also be an irregular, near-rectangular plate, thus the first direction X and the second direction Y may not be perpendicular.

[0027] The cold plate 100 includes an upper surface 11 and a lower surface 12 disposed opposite to each other along a third direction Z. For the cold plate 100, the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y, respectively. Therefore, the upper surface 11 and the lower surface 12 disposed opposite to each other along the third direction Z can be considered to be within the plane formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y. After the cold plate 100 forms the battery pack, the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 refers to the surface of the cold plate 100 near the electrode core, and the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100 refers to the surface of the cold plate 100 away from the electrode core. The cold plate 100 has a flow channel 16 containing a cooling medium. The circulating flow of the cooling medium within the flow channel 16 can remove the heat generated during charging and discharging of the electrode core, achieving cooling of the electrode core. The cooling medium can be a water-based coolant, a glycol-based antifreeze, a synthetic coolant, etc., and the specific type is not limited in this embodiment.

[0028] Refer to together Figure 10 The upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 is provided with multiple vents 13. The vents 13 can be any shape, such as circular, elliptical, square, or polygonal, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack, the gas inside the battery pack will be discharged from the explosion-proof valves 201 provided at the bottom of each battery cell 200. In this embodiment, the cold plate 100 is located on the side where the explosion-proof valves 201 of each battery cell 200 are located, and the multiple vents 13 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 can be arranged to face the explosion-proof valves 201 of each battery cell 200. Thus, the gas discharged from the explosion-proof valves 201 will flow into the cold plate 100 from the vents 13, preventing the gas from accumulating at the bottom of each battery cell 200, thereby helping to mitigate the spread of thermal runaway.

[0029] Furthermore, the structural shape of the vent 13 can be the same as or similar to that of the explosion-proof valve 201. At the same time, the size of the vent 13 can be slightly larger than that of the explosion-proof valve 201. For example, the edge of the vent 13 can be extended outward by about 1 mm compared to the edge of the explosion-proof valve 201. In this way, along the third direction Z, the projection of the explosion-proof valve 201 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 is located inside the vent 13, which can ensure effective communication between the vent 13 and the explosion-proof valve 201, so that almost all the high-temperature gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve 201 flows into the vent 13, thereby effectively preventing gas from accumulating at the bottom of each battery cell 200 and effectively mitigating the spread of thermal runaway.

[0030] Of course, under normal charging and discharging conditions of the battery pack, the battery cells 200 may also generate gas. The temperature of this gas is lower than that of the gas mentioned above. This gas can also flow into the cold plate 100 from the vents 13 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100, and then be discharged through the cold plate 100 to maintain the gas pressure inside the battery pack within the normal range. Therefore, in the following text, "gas" will be used to refer to the gaseous medium flowing into the cold plate 100 from the vents 13.

[0031] The lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100 is provided with at least one set of exhaust structures 14. The exhaust structures 14 can exhaust the gas flowing into the cold plate 100 from the air holes 13 to the outside of the cold plate 100, thus preventing heat accumulation inside the cold plate 100. At the same time, the cooling medium in the flow channel 16 of the cold plate 100 can also absorb the heat of the gas to a certain extent, thereby significantly reducing the temperature of the gas.

[0032] Reference Figure 3 As shown, each exhaust structure 14 includes a curved panel 141 and two baffles 142. The curved panel 141 can be formed into a plate structure with an arc shape, wave shape, or other curved surface shape through sheet metal stamping process. The curved panel 141 is disposed between the two baffles 142, and the curved panel 141 is connected to the corresponding baffle 142 on both sides along the first direction X. In other words, the curved panel 141 is connected to one baffle 142 on one side along the first direction X, and the curved panel 141 is connected to the other baffle 142 on the other side along the first direction X. The baffles 142 can be arranged along the second direction Y. The curved panel 141 and the baffles 142 can be connected by welding to ensure the reliability of the connection between the curved panel 141 and the baffles 142 and the airtightness between the curved panel 141 and the baffles 142.

[0033] The curved panel 141 is also connected to the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100. The curved panel 141, the lower surface 12, and the two baffles 142 form a first exhaust channel 101. In other words, the baffles 142 are also connected to the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100. Both the curved panel 141 and the baffles 142 can be connected to the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100 by welding to ensure the reliability of the connection between the curved panel 141, the baffles 142, and the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100, and also to improve the airtightness of the first exhaust channel 101. Each first exhaust channel 101 is connected to a corresponding air hole 13, so that the gas flowing into the cold plate 100 from the air hole 13 can be discharged to the outside of the cold plate 100 through the corresponding first exhaust channel 101 to avoid the gas from becoming turbulent or flowing back inside the cold plate 100. Each first exhaust channel 101 can be connected to one air hole 13 at a corresponding position, or it can be connected to two or more air holes 13 at a corresponding position, as long as the gas flowing into the cold plate 100 from the air hole 13 can be discharged to the outside of the cold plate 100 through the corresponding first exhaust channel 101. The specific structural form is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first exhaust channel 101 formed on the cold plate 100 has a curved structure. Compared with the planar structure of the exhaust channel in the prior art, this is beneficial to improving the rebound and sputtering phenomenon of gas and foreign matter, thereby reducing the impact of the thermal runaway battery cell 200 on adjacent battery cells 200, mitigating the spread of thermal runaway, and improving the safety of the battery pack. In addition, the curved structure of the first exhaust channel 101 can reduce the flow resistance of gas, and with the limiting effect of the baffle 142, it is beneficial to guide the orderly flow of gas and improve exhaust efficiency. Furthermore, the exhaust structure 14 formed by the curved panel 141 and the baffle 142 can provide a certain support for the cold plate 100, which is beneficial to improving the overall mechanical strength of the cold plate 100 and improving the deformation problem of the cold plate 100. In addition, the first exhaust channel 101 is directly integrated on the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100, without occupying additional space outside the cold plate 100, which is beneficial to improving the space utilization of the battery pack.

[0035] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, each set of exhaust structures 14 has multiple curved panels 141, which are spaced apart along the second direction Y; a second exhaust channel 102 is formed between two baffles 142, and each first exhaust channel 101 is connected to the second exhaust channel 102.

[0036] Specifically, there are multiple curved panels 141, which are spaced apart along the second direction Y. Since each first exhaust channel 101 is connected to an air hole 13, the spacing between two adjacent curved panels 141 is determined by the spacing of the air holes 13 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100. A second exhaust channel 102 is formed between the two baffles 142, meaning that the second exhaust channel 102 extends along the second direction Y. Multiple curved panels 141 are located within the second exhaust channel 102, and the first exhaust channel 101 formed by each curved panel 141 is connected to the second exhaust channel 102. Thus, the gas flowing into the cold plate 100 from each air hole 13 flows from the first exhaust channel 101 to the second exhaust channel 102, converges in the second exhaust channel 102, and is then discharged outside the cold plate 100. This helps to limit the flow range of the gas, reduce disordered diffusion of the gas, and thus improve exhaust efficiency.

[0037] Figure 4 This illustration shows a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a curved panel 141 in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 One of the cross-sectional views of an exhaust structure 14 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 6 This is a second cross-sectional view of an exhaust structure 14 according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 4As shown, each curved panel 141 includes a spherical portion 1411 and an arcuate portion 1412, the curvature centers of the spherical portion 1411 and the arcuate portion 1412 are both located within the first exhaust channel 101; the spherical portion 1411 is connected to one side of the arcuate portion 1412 along the second direction Y, and the side of the spherical portion 1411 facing away from the arcuate portion 1412 is connected to the lower surface 12; the vent 13 corresponds to the position of the spherical portion 1411.

[0039] Specifically, each curved panel 141 can be integrally formed from a spherical portion 1411 and an arc-shaped portion 1412, or it can be formed by welding, assembling, gluing, or snapping together the spherical portion 1411 and the arc-shaped portion 1412. The spherical portion 1411 has a partially spherical shape, and the arc-shaped portion 1412 has a smoothly curved arc shape, with the center of curvature of both located within the first exhaust channel 101. The arc-shaped portion 1412 extends along the second direction Y, with one end along the second direction Y connected to the spherical portion 1411, and the other end along the second direction Y not connected to other components. It is placed within the second exhaust channel 102 formed between the two baffles 142, for allowing gas from the first exhaust channel 101 to flow into the second exhaust channel 102.

[0040] The end face of the spherical portion 1411 facing away from the arc-shaped portion 1412 is connected to the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100. For example, the end face of the spherical portion 1411 and the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100 can be connected by welding to ensure the reliability and airtightness of the connection. The vents 13 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 correspond to the positions of the spherical portion 1411. Thus, the gas flowing into the vents 13 first flows into the first exhaust channel 101 corresponding to the spherical portion 1411. The spherical structure of the spherical portion 1411 can guide the gas entering the vents 13 to diffuse evenly along the spherical surface, effectively improving the rebound and sputtering phenomenon of gas and entrained foreign matter. The gas continues to flow into the first exhaust channel 101 corresponding to the arc-shaped portion 1412. The arc-shaped structure can also improve the rebound and splashing phenomenon of gas and foreign matter. At the same time, the gas can flow into the second exhaust channel 102 along the extension direction of the arc-shaped portion 1412 and be discharged to the outside of the cold plate 100 along the second exhaust channel 102.

[0041] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 5 As shown, the spherical portion 1411 extends along the second direction Y to form a welding portion 1413 on the side opposite to the arc-shaped portion 1412, and the welding portion 1413 is welded to the lower surface 12.

[0042] Specifically, the welding part 1413 extends along the second direction Y and is in surface-to-surface contact with the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100. It can increase the contact area between the spherical part 1411 and the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100. The spherical part 1411 is welded to the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100 through the welding part 1413, which can effectively ensure the connection reliability between the spherical part 1411 and the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100 and the airtightness between the spherical part 1411 and the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the first exhaust channel 101.

[0043] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the spherical portion 1411 has a first guide portion 1414 on at least one side along the first direction X, and the arc-shaped portion 1412 has a second guide portion 1415 on at least one side along the first direction X; wherein, the first guide portion 1414 and the second guide portion 1415 are located on the same side of the curved panel 141, and the first guide portion 1414 and the second guide portion 1415 are connected to each other and communicate with each other.

[0044] Specifically, the spherical portion 1411 has a first guide portion 1414 on at least one side along the first direction X, meaning that the first guide portion 1414 can be located on one side or both sides of the spherical portion 1411. The spherical portion 1411 is connected to the baffle 142 through the first guide portion 1414. The arc-shaped portion 1412 has a second guide portion 1415 on at least one side along the first direction X, meaning that the second guide portion 1415 can be located on one side or both sides of the arc-shaped portion 1412. The arc-shaped portion 1412 is connected to the baffle 142 through the second guide portion 1415. The first guide portion 1414 and the second guide portion 1415 can guide the gas in the second exhaust channel 102 to flow along the second direction Y, reducing the disordered diffusion of the gas and improving exhaust efficiency.

[0045] The first guide portion 1414 and the second guide portion 1415 are located on the same side of the curved panel 141, and the first guide portion 1414 and the second guide portion 1415 are connected and communicate with each other. In other words, when the first guide portion 1414 and the second guide portion 1415 are provided on one side of the spherical portion 1411 and the arc-shaped portion 1412, the curved panel 141 can play a guiding role on one side along the first direction X. When the first guide portion 1414 and the second guide portion 1415 are provided on both sides of the spherical portion 1411 and the arc-shaped portion 1412, the curved panel 141 can play a guiding role on both sides along the first direction X. Figure 4 and Figure 5The diagram shows that both sides of the spherical portion 1411 and the arc-shaped portion 1412 are provided with a first guide portion 1414 and a second guide portion 1415. It is understandable that double-sided guides can achieve better flow guidance and higher exhaust efficiency than single-sided guides, but correspondingly, it will also make the exhaust structure 14 more complex and increase the difficulty of design and manufacturing.

[0046] Alternatively, the first guide section 1414 and the spherical section 1411 can be integrally formed, and the second guide section 1415 and the arc-shaped section 1412 can be integrally formed. Or, the curved panel 141 can be integrally formed from four parts: the first guide section 1414, the spherical section 1411, the second guide section 1415, and the arc-shaped section 1412. This makes the curved panel 141 form a more integrated stress-bearing structure, which helps to disperse the stress caused by airflow impact or external pressure and reduces the probability of deformation of the curved panel 141.

[0047] Of course, the curved panel 141 can also be formed by welding, assembling, gluing or snapping together the first guide part 1414, the spherical part 1411, the second guide part 1415 and the arc part 1412. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0048] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in the second direction Y, the size of the second guide portion 1415 is the same as the size of the arc-shaped portion 1412. This means that in the second direction Y, the edge of the second guide portion 1415 is flush with the edge of the arc-shaped portion 1412. This arrangement maximizes the size of the second guide portion 1415, effectively ensuring its guiding effect and enhancing the integrity of the connection between the second guide portion 1415 and the arc-shaped portion 1412. This improves the overall stability of the curved panel 141 and enhances its resistance to airflow impact and deformation.

[0049] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the end of the first guide section 1414 facing away from the second guide section 1415 extends along the spherical surface of the spherical section 1411 to connect with the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100. This arrangement maximizes the size of the first guide section 1414, effectively ensuring the guiding effect of the first guide section 1414, and also enhances the integrity of the connection between the first guide section 1414 and the spherical section 1411, thereby improving the stability of the overall structure of the curved panel 141 and enhancing its resistance to airflow impact and deformation.

[0050] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, a gap is provided between the second guide portion 1415 and the lower surface 12. This arrangement allows the first exhaust channel 101 to have sufficient exhaust space. The size of the gap affects the exhaust space of the first exhaust channel 101 along the third direction Z. A larger gap is more conducive to increasing the exhaust space of the first exhaust channel 101 along the third direction Z, but correspondingly, it tends to increase the thickness burden on the cold plate 100. A smaller gap is more conducive to reducing the thickness burden on the cold plate 100, but correspondingly, it also reduces the exhaust space of the first exhaust channel 101 along the third direction Z. Therefore, in this embodiment, the gap between the second guide portion 1415 and the lower surface 12 can be reasonably set according to actual needs to control the exhaust space of the first exhaust channel 101 within a reasonable range.

[0051] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 4 As shown, in each exhaust structure 14, the spherical portions 1411 and arcuate portions 1412 of multiple curved panels 141 are arranged alternately in sequence.

[0052] Specifically, the spherical portions 1411 and arcuate portions 1412 of multiple curved panels 141 are alternately arranged in sequence. That is, the arcuate portion 1412 of the previous curved panel 141 and the spherical portion 1411 of the subsequent curved panel 141 are adjacent in the second direction Y. In the second direction Y, the first exhaust channel 101 formed by the adjacent curved panels 141 is connected to the explosion-proof valve 201 of the adjacent battery cell 200 through the air hole 13. Therefore, the gas will form an airflow in the second exhaust channel 102 formed by the baffle 142. In this way, the gas flowing out from the arcuate portion 1412 of the previous curved panel 141 will flow to the spherical portion 1411 of the subsequent curved panel 141 under the pushing action of the airflow. The gas is dispersed and buffered by the spherical surface of the spherical portion 1411 and continues to flow through the arcuate portion 1412 of the curved panel 141, converging with the gas flowing out from the first exhaust channel 101 formed by the curved panel 141. The gas flow direction is approximately as follows. Figure 4 As indicated by the arrow in the diagram. At the same time, the arc-shaped portion 1412 of the front curved panel 141 and the spherical portion 1411 of the rear curved panel 141 are spaced apart in the second direction Y, so that sufficient exhaust space is formed between adjacent curved panels 141.

[0053] like Figure 4As shown, with a first guide portion 1414 and a second guide portion 1415 provided on both sides of the spherical portion 1411 and the arc-shaped portion 1412, the first guide portion 1414 and the second guide portion 1415 play a guiding role, guiding the gas to continue flowing forward along the second direction Y. Thus, in this embodiment, by alternately arranging the spherical portions 1411 and arc-shaped portions 1412 of the multiple curved panels 141, the gas can flow along the second direction Y in the second exhaust channel 102. After multiple buffering effects from the spherical portions 1411 and the arc-shaped portions 1412, as well as the guiding effect of the first guide portion 1414 and the second guide portion 1415, the impact force of the gas is rapidly reduced, effectively mitigating the spread of thermal runaway in the event of thermal runaway in the battery cell 200.

[0054] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 4 As shown, the curved panel 141 has a central axis arranged along the second direction Y, as shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown in L1, the curved panel 141 is symmetrically arranged along the central axis. Thus, both the spherical portion 1411 and the arc-shaped portion 1412 are symmetrically distributed along the central axis. This arrangement ensures that the gas flow paths on both sides of the curved panel 141 are nearly identical, which can improve airflow deviation and enhance exhaust uniformity to some extent. Furthermore, the symmetrical structure allows for more balanced stress distribution on the curved panel 141, reducing stress concentration on one side and thus enhancing the structural stability of the curved panel 141.

[0055] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of a pore 13 portion in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0056] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the upper surface 11 is provided with a concave portion 17, and an air hole 13 is provided in the concave portion 17. A groove 15 is formed between the hole wall of the air hole 13 and the edge of the concave portion 17, and the groove 15 is used to place the sealing ring 202.

[0057] Specifically, a portion of the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 is recessed towards the lower surface 12 to form a concave portion 17. Air vents 13 are located in the concave portion 17, and a groove 15 is formed between the wall of the air vent 13 and the edge of the concave portion 17. The groove 15 is used to house the sealing ring 202. In conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, the cold plate 100 is located on the side where the explosion-proof valve 201 of each battery cell 200 is located, and the multiple air vents 13 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 are directly opposite the explosion-proof valve 201 of each battery cell 200. Therefore, in this embodiment, a sealing ring 202 is provided below the explosion-proof valve 201. The explosion-proof valve 201 can adopt a through-hole design. Compared with the prior art, the membrane layer and other avoidance structures below the explosion-proof valve 201 are eliminated, thereby significantly improving the venting efficiency when the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, which helps to mitigate the spread of thermal runaway and improves the safety of the battery pack.

[0058] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple sets of exhaust structures 14, which are spaced apart along the first direction X. Specifically, the number and position of the exhaust structures 14 are determined according to the number and position of the battery cells 200 on the cold plate 100. Typically, multiple battery cells 200 are arranged in an array within the battery pack, and the explosion-proof valves 201 of the multiple battery cells 200 form a multi-row structure. The multi-row explosion-proof valves 201 are spaced apart along the first direction X. The multiple sets of exhaust structures 14 on the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100 are also spaced apart along the first direction X. The multiple sets of exhaust structures 14 correspond one-to-one with the multi-row explosion-proof valves 201. The explosion-proof valves 201 are connected to the first exhaust channel 101 in the exhaust structure 14 through the air holes 13 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100. In this way, the exhaust of gas inside multiple battery cells 200 can be achieved through the multiple sets of exhaust structures 14.

[0059] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the flow direction of a gas within a first exhaust channel 101, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a gas flowing within a first exhaust channel 101 corresponding to the spherical portion 1411 in an embodiment of this application.

[0060] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, any curve on the surface of the spherical portion 1411 is a parabola. Specifically, the parabola is symmetrical about the central axis L1 of the curved panel 141, and the opening of the parabola faces upward, that is, the opening of the parabola faces the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100. In a Cartesian coordinate system, the function relationship of the parabola can be expressed as x² = 2py. The curve of this function has a focusing property, that is, when parallel gas is injected into the surface of the spherical portion 1411, the gas can be focused on the side of the spherical surface near the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100 under the reflection of the spherical surface. The focusing position is approximately as shown in the figure. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown in P1. The gas then scatters onto the surface of the arc-shaped portion 1412. Reflected by the arc surface, the gas is reflected onto the lower surface 12 of the cold plate 100 and the spherical portion 1411 of the adjacent curved plate 141. Then, propelled by the airflow, the gas is dispersed and buffered by the spherical surface of the spherical portion 1411 and flows forward within the second exhaust channel 102. The gas flow direction is as follows: Figure 8 The arrows in the image indicate the direction.

[0061] Figure 10 An exploded view of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 11 This paper shows a cross-sectional view of a battery pack along the second direction Y in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12A cross-sectional view of a battery pack along a first direction X is shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0062] Reference Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the battery pack also includes battery cells 200, and a cold plate 100 is placed at the bottom of the battery cells 200. An explosion-proof valve 201 is provided at the bottom of the battery cells 200. Along the third direction Z, the projection of the explosion-proof valve 201 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 is located in the vent 13.

[0063] Specifically, the vent 13 is located on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100. Along the third direction Z, the projection of the explosion-proof valve 201 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 is located inside the vent 13, which can ensure effective communication between the vent 13 and the explosion-proof valve 201, so that almost all the high-temperature gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve 201 flows into the vent 13, thereby effectively preventing gas from accumulating at the bottom of each battery cell 200 and effectively mitigating the spread of thermal runaway.

[0064] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 12 As shown, the battery pack also includes a sealing ring 202; the sealing ring 202 is arranged around the periphery of the vent 13, one side of the sealing ring 202 abuts against the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100, and the other side of the sealing ring 202 abuts against the bottom of the battery cell 200.

[0065] Specifically, the sealing ring 202 possesses good sealing performance, temperature resistance, media resistance, and a certain mechanical strength. For example, the sealing ring 202 can be made of materials such as nitrile rubber, fluororubber, and silicone rubber. The sealing ring 202, through its own elasticity, can tightly adhere to the bottom of the battery cell 200 and the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100, effectively preventing the leakage of internal media (such as gas, liquid, and dust) from the battery cell 200 to the outside, while also preventing external impurities (such as moisture, dust, and corrosive substances) from entering the battery cell 200, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the battery cell 200.

[0066] Furthermore, the sealing ring 202 can be placed in the groove 15 formed between the vent 13 and the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100, and respectively press-fitted to the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100 or the bottom of the battery cell 200, so as to improve the adhesive-blocking effect of the sealing ring 202.

[0067] Figure 13 A schematic diagram is shown of a battery pack in an embodiment of this application, in which a vent 3021 is provided on the frame 302.

[0068] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 13As shown, the battery pack also includes: a frame 302; the battery cell 200 and the cold plate 100 are both disposed in the frame 302, and the frame 302 is provided with an exhaust hole 3021. The exhaust hole 3021 is located on one side of the exhaust structure 14 along the second direction Y, and the gas discharged from the exhaust structure 14 flows out from the exhaust hole 3021.

[0069] Specifically, the exhaust port 3021 is located on one side of the exhaust structure 14 along the second direction Y, meaning that the exhaust port 3021 is located on one side of the second exhaust channel 102 along the second direction Y, and the exhaust port 3021 is directly opposite to the first exhaust channel 101 formed by each curved panel 141. Thus, when the gas in the second exhaust channel 102 flows to the frame 302, it can be smoothly discharged from the frame 302 through the exhaust port 3021. This forms a gas flow path from the explosion-proof valve 201 to the vent 13 on the upper surface 11 of the cold plate 100, to the first exhaust channel 101, to the second exhaust channel 102, and to the exhaust port 3021, so that the gas inside the battery cell 200 is discharged to the outside of the frame 302.

[0070] Additionally, refer to Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the battery pack also includes a cover plate 301, a base plate 303, thermally conductive adhesive 400, and a heat insulation pad 500. The cover plate 301 and the base plate 303 are connected to both sides of the frame 302 along the third direction Z to form a complete shell structure, protecting the internal components from the influence of the external environment. The thermally conductive adhesive 400 is disposed between the battery cell 200 and the cold plate 100, which helps to quickly conduct the heat generated by the battery cell 200 during operation to the cold plate 100, thereby quickly cooling the battery cell 200. The heat insulation pad 500 is disposed between the cold plate 100 and the base plate 303, which can prevent the cold plate 100 from directly contacting the base plate 303 and causing the base plate 303 to overheat. It can also play a buffering and vibration damping role between the cold plate 100 and the base plate 303, preventing the cold plate 100 from being deformed or damaged by external impacts.

[0071] It should be understood that the phrase "some embodiments" throughout the specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "some embodiments" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack having intersecting first directions (X), second directions (Y), and third directions (Z), characterized in that, The battery pack includes a cold plate (100). The cold plate (100) has an upper surface (11) and a lower surface (12) arranged opposite to each other along the third direction (Z). The upper surface (11) is provided with a plurality of air holes (13), and the lower surface (12) is provided with at least one set of exhaust structures (14). Each set of exhaust structures (14) includes a curved panel (141) and two baffles (142); the curved panel (141) is disposed between the two baffles (142), and the curved panel (141) is connected to the corresponding baffles (142) on both sides along the first direction (X); The curved panel (141) is also connected to the lower surface (12), and the curved panel (141), the lower surface (12) and the two baffles (142) form a first exhaust channel (101), and each of the first exhaust channels (101) is connected to the corresponding air hole (13).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of curved panels (141) in each group of exhaust structures (14) is multiple, and the multiple curved panels (141) are spaced apart along the second direction (Y); A second exhaust passage (102) is formed between the two baffles (142), and each of the first exhaust passages (101) is connected to the second exhaust passage (102).

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the curved panels (141) includes a spherical portion (1411) and an arcuate portion (1412), the curvature centers of the spherical portion (1411) and the arcuate portion (1412) being located within the first exhaust channel (101); The spherical part (1411) is connected to one side of the arc-shaped part (1412) along the second direction (Y), and the side of the spherical part (1411) facing away from the arc-shaped part (1412) is connected to the lower surface (12); the vent (13) corresponds to the position of the spherical part (1411).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spherical portion (1411) extends along the second direction (Y) on the side opposite to the arc-shaped portion (1412) to form a welded portion (1413), which is welded to the lower surface (12).

5. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spherical portion (1411) has a first guide portion (1414) on at least one side along the first direction (X), and the arc-shaped portion (1412) has a second guide portion (1415) on at least one side along the first direction (X). The first guide section (1414) and the second guide section (1415) are located on the same side of the curved panel (141), and the first guide section (1414) and the second guide section (1415) are connected to each other.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the second direction (Y), the size of the second guide portion (1415) is the same as the size of the arc-shaped portion (1412).

7. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, A gap is provided between the second flow guide (1415) and the lower surface (12).

8. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, In each set of exhaust structures (14), the spherical portion (1411) and the arc-shaped portion (1412) of the plurality of curved panels (141) are arranged alternately in sequence.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved panel (141) has a central axis arranged along the second direction (Y), and the curved panel (141) is symmetrically arranged along the central axis.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface (11) is provided with a concave part (17), and the air hole (13) is provided on the concave part (17). A groove (15) is formed between the hole wall of the air hole (13) and the edge of the concave part (17). The groove (15) is used to place the sealing ring (202).

11. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust structure (14) is in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of exhaust structures (14) are spaced apart along the first direction (X).

12. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, Any curve on the surface of the spherical part (1411) is a parabola.

13. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a battery cell (200), the cold plate (100) is placed at the bottom of the battery cell (200), and the bottom of the battery cell (200) is provided with an explosion-proof valve (201). Along the third direction (Z), the projection of the explosion-proof valve (201) on the upper surface (11) of the cold plate (100) is located in the vent (13).

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, The battery pack further includes a sealing ring (202); the sealing ring (202) is arranged around the periphery of the air hole (13), one side of the sealing ring (202) abuts against the upper surface (11) of the cold plate (100), and the other side of the sealing ring (202) abuts against the bottom of the battery cell (200).

15. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, The battery pack further includes: a frame (302); the battery cell (200) and the cold plate (100) are both disposed in the frame (302), the frame (302) is provided with an exhaust hole (3021), the exhaust hole (3021) is disposed on one side of the exhaust structure (14) along the second direction (Y), and the gas discharged by the exhaust structure (14) flows out from the exhaust hole (3021).

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