Optimal phase shift parameter design method based on switch multiplexing type multi-resonant switched capacitor

Abstract

The invention provides an optimal phase shift parameter design method based on a switch multiplexing type multi-resonant switched capacitor, and the method comprises the steps: determining a control parameter combination according to the value interval of a preset phase shift ratio and a preset frequency ratio; determining resonance network hardware parameters according to the preset target equalization power and the preset resonance frequency; according to a preset soft switching constraint condition, verifying a parameter set composed of all control parameter combinations and resonance network hardware parameters; if the parameter set meets the preset soft switching constraint condition, taking the parameter set as an element of a feasible solution set; screening a parameter set with the minimum root mean square value of the resonance current according to the feasible solution set; and according to the parameter set with the minimum root-mean-square value of the resonance current, screening the parameter set with the minimum peak value of the resonance current as an optimal working point. According to the invention, through collaborative optimization of multiple performance indexes, on the premise of following the soft switching constraint, the switching loss and the operation loss of the switching tube are reduced, and the overall efficiency and the reliability of the equalizer are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to an optimal phase shift parameter design method based on a switch multiplexing type multi-resonant switched capacitor. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the wide application of battery energy storage systems in the field of energy, the inconsistency between single cells in the battery cluster has become a key problem affecting the performance and life of the system. Referring to FIG. 1, it is an existing switch multiplexing type multi-resonant switched capacitor topology. This structure is parallel to the half-bridge module between each battery cell, so as to realize the power transmission between adjacent cells. n battery cells need to be configured with n half-bridge modules, 2n switching devices, n-1 inductors Lr, and n-1 capacitors Cr. The switch multiplexing type multi-resonant switched capacitor topology is considered as an effective solution to this problem because it has high power density and soft switching potential. The topology realizes efficient bidirectional energy transfer by multiplexing switching devices and constructing multiple coupled resonant networks between adjacent battery cells. Figure 3

[0003] For the switch multiplexing type multi-resonant switched capacitor topology, how to overcome the problems of low system efficiency, high cost and poor reliability caused by the difficulty of soft switching implementation, large backflow power and high current stress in the traditional parameter design method under the premise of meeting the predetermined equalization power has become a great challenge.

[0004] As in the article “Improved Phase Shift Control for SiC-MOSFET Based Resonant Switched-Capacitor Converter With Parasitics Consideration” (IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2020) by X. Yang et al., the power backflow and soft switching characteristics of single-resonant switched capacitor converters are analyzed, but the performance optimization and design process of the multi-resonant switched capacitor topology are not specified.

[0005] The prior art lacks a parameter design method that can systematically solve the soft switching problem of multiple coupled loops and achieve global performance optimization, thereby reducing the efficiency based on the switch multiplexing type multi-resonant switched capacitor topology. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an optimal phase shift parameter design method based on a switch multiplexing type multi-resonant switched capacitor.

[0007] ​The first aspect of this application provides a method for designing optimal phase-shifting parameters based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, comprising: Based on the preset range of values ​​for the shift ratio and the frequency ratio, determine the combination of control parameters including the shift ratio and the frequency ratio; Based on the preset target equalization power and the preset resonant frequency, determine the resonant network hardware parameters to achieve the preset target equalization power under the control parameter combination and the preset resonant frequency. The resonant network hardware parameters include resonant inductor parameters and resonant capacitor parameters. Based on the preset soft-switching constraints, verify the parameter set consisting of all the control parameter combinations and the resonant network hardware parameters; If the parameter set satisfies the preset soft-switching constraint, it is used as an element of the feasible solution set; Based on the feasible solution set, select the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current; Based on the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current, the parameter set with the smallest peak value of the resonant current is selected as the optimal operating point.

[0008] Optionally, based on a preset target equalization power and a preset resonant frequency, the hardware parameters of the resonant network for achieving the preset target equalization power under the control parameter combination and the preset resonant frequency are determined, including: By iterating through each of the control parameter combinations including the shift ratio and frequency ratio, the preset target equalization power and the control parameter combination are substituted into the preset power transfer equation based on the switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor topology. The preset resonant frequency is substituted into the preset resonant frequency formula. The preset power transfer equation based on the switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor topology and the preset resonant frequency formula are combined to solve for the resonant inductor parameters and resonant capacitor parameters that achieve the preset target equalization power.

[0009] Optionally, the preset soft-switching constraint includes: all switching devices achieving zero-voltage conduction during the full equalization process.

[0010] Optionally, the step of verifying the parameter set consisting of all the control parameter combinations and the resonant network hardware parameters according to preset soft-switching constraints includes: The parameter set consisting of each combination of control parameters and each set of resonant network hardware parameters is traversed to verify whether the inductor current of all the switching devices during the full equilibration process is not less than the preset critical current condition under each parameter set.

[0011] Optionally, the step of using the parameter set as an element of the feasible solution set if it satisfies the preset soft-switching constraint includes: If, under the parameter set, the inductor current of all the switching devices during the full equilibration process is not less than the preset critical current condition, then the parameter set is summarized into the feasible solution set.

[0012] Optionally, the method further includes: If, under the parameter set, the inductor current of all the switching devices during the full balancing process is less than the preset critical current condition, the parameter set is discarded.

[0013] Optionally, the step of selecting the parameter set with the smallest root-mean-square value of the resonant current based on the feasible solution set includes: Based on the feasible solution set, the root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network corresponding to each parameter set is determined using a preset circuit waveform expression. Based on the root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network corresponding to each parameter set, determine the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides a system for designing optimal phase-shift parameters based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, comprising: The control parameter combination determination module is used to determine the control parameter combination including the shift ratio and the frequency ratio based on the preset value range of the shift ratio and the preset frequency ratio. The resonant network hardware parameter determination module is used to determine the resonant network hardware parameters for achieving the preset target equalization power under the control parameter combination and the preset resonant frequency, based on the preset target equalization power and the preset resonant frequency. The resonant network hardware parameters include resonant inductor parameters and resonant capacitor parameters. The soft-switching constraint module is used to verify the parameter set consisting of all the control parameter combinations and the resonant network hardware parameters according to the preset soft-switching constraint conditions. The feasible solution set determination module is used to determine the parameter set as an element of the feasible solution set if the parameter set satisfies the preset soft-switching constraint condition. The first screening module is used to screen the set of parameters with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current based on the feasible solution set. The second screening module is used to screen the set of parameters with the smallest peak value of the resonant current based on the set of parameters with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current, and to select the set of parameters with the smallest peak value of the resonant current as the optimal operating point.

[0015] A third aspect of this application provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods provided in the first aspect of this application.

[0016] A fourth aspect of this application provides an electronic device comprising: A memory on which computer programs are stored; A processor for executing the computer program in the memory to implement the steps of any of the methods provided in the first aspect of this application.

[0017] This application presents an optimal phase-shift parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor. This method employs a combination of control parameters, including phase shift ratio and frequency ratio, along with resonant network hardware parameters for joint optimization. It also combines preset soft-switching constraints, the root mean square value of the minimum resonant current, and the peak value of the minimum resonant current to find the optimal operating point. This achieves synergistic optimization of multiple performance indicators, fundamentally solving the design problem of conflicting multiple objectives. By strictly adhering to the soft-switching constraints, it completely eliminates the switching losses of the switching transistors, improving system efficiency. Furthermore, by using the root mean square value and peak value of the minimum resonant current, it effectively reduces the conduction losses and current stress of power devices and magnetic components, improving the long-term operational reliability of the system, enhancing the overall efficiency and reliability of the equalizer, and reducing device costs, thus achieving a balance between high performance and low cost.

[0018] Other technical effects resulting from the additional features will be further illustrated in the corresponding embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an existing switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor topology according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a topology diagram of an active balancing system for a 4-cell battery pack series connection according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the design results of optimal phase-shifting parameters based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0024] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an optimal phase-shifting parameter design system based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application. These all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0029] In existing switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor topologies, traditional parameter design methods suffer from difficulties in soft-switching, high return power, and high current stress, resulting in low system efficiency, high cost, and poor reliability. Existing technologies lack parameter design methods that can systematically solve the soft-switching problem of multi-coupled loops and achieve global performance optimization, thus reducing the efficiency of switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor topologies. To address these issues, this application provides an embodiment of an optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitors to resolve the aforementioned problems.

[0030] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating an optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an existing switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor topology according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 4 This is a topology diagram of an active balancing system for a 4-cell battery pack series connection according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0031] Reference Figure 4 As shown, a four-battery-pack series battery cluster active balancing system includes: four battery packs, four filter capacitors, four parallel half-bridge modules, and three resonant cavities. The filter capacitors are connected in parallel on the DC side of the battery packs, the half-bridge modules are connected in parallel on the DC side of the battery packs, and the resonant cavities are connected to the AC side of the half-bridge modules.

[0032] Specifically, the four battery packs are battery packs B 1. Battery pack B 2. Battery pack B 3. Battery pack B 4. Four battery packs are connected in series to form a battery cluster. The voltages of the four battery packs are respectively... U 1. U 2. U 3. U 4.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rated voltage of the four battery packs is 40V and the rated capacity is 314Ah.

[0034] The four filter capacitors are C1, C2, C3, and C4, each with a capacitance of 10mF.

[0035] Each battery pack is connected in parallel with a filter capacitor, which is used to filter out high-frequency components on the current side.

[0036] Each battery pack is connected in parallel with a half-bridge module, and each half-bridge module includes a pair of half-bridges. B 1 Parallel switching devices S 1. Switching devices S 2. Battery pack B 2 Parallel switching devices S 3. Switching devices S 4. Battery pack B 3 Parallel switching devices S 5. Switching devices S 6. Battery pack B 4 Parallel Switching Devices S 7. Switching devicesS 8.

[0037] In this configuration, the upper and lower transistors of each half-bridge module are complementaryly switched on with a 50% duty cycle, and the phase shift time difference between the upper transistors of two adjacent half-bridge modules is [missing information]. D 12 · T s , D 23 · T s , D 34 · T s ,in, D 12 · T s Indicates switching device S 3. Lags behind switching devices S Phase shift time of 1 D 23 · T s Indicates switching device S 5. Lags behind switching devices S Phase shift time of 3 D 34 · T s Indicates switching device S 7. Lags behind switching devices S Phase shift time of 5, D 12 Indicates battery pack B The two parallel half-bridge modules lag behind the battery pack. B Compared to the displacement of a parallel half-bridge module, D 23 Indicates battery pack B The three parallel half-bridge modules lag behind the battery pack. B Compared to the displacement of two parallel half-bridge modules, D 34 Indicates battery pack B The four parallel half-bridge modules lag behind the battery pack. B Compared to the displacement of 3 parallel half-bridge modules, T s In this embodiment, the switching period is indicated. T s It is 10us.

[0038] The AC sides of the four half-bridge modules are connected to three resonant cavities. The AC sides of the first and second half-bridge modules are connected to the first resonant cavity, the AC sides of the second and third half-bridge modules are connected to the second resonant cavity, and the AC sides of the third and fourth half-bridge modules are connected to the third resonant cavity. Each resonant cavity includes an inductor. L r and a capacitor C r ,inductance L r and capacitor C r Series connection. Inductor L r The inductance value is 20uH, and the capacitor... C r The capacitance is 10uF.

[0039] The optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor provided in this application can be applied to the above-mentioned active balancing system of four-cell series battery clusters to design the optimal phase-shifting parameters.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in one embodiment of this application, an optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor is provided, including: S11 to S16.

[0041] S11, Based on the preset range of values ​​for the shift ratio and the preset range of the frequency ratio, determine the combination of control parameters including the shift ratio and the frequency ratio.

[0042] Specifically, the preset shift ratio is expressed as D The preset frequency ratio is expressed as K The control parameters, including the shift ratio and frequency ratio, are combined as follows: D , K ].

[0043] S12, based on the preset target equalization power and the preset resonant frequency, determine the resonant network hardware parameters to achieve the preset target equalization power under the control parameter combination and the preset resonant frequency. The resonant network hardware parameters include resonant inductor parameters and resonant capacitor parameters.

[0044] S13, based on the preset soft-switching constraints, verify the parameter set consisting of all control parameter combinations and resonant network hardware parameters.

[0045] S14. If the parameter set satisfies the preset soft-switching constraint, it is used as an element of the feasible solution set.

[0046] S15. Based on the feasible solution set, select the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current.

[0047] S16. Based on the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current, select the parameter set with the smallest peak value of the resonant current as the optimal operating point.

[0048] The embodiments described above employ a combination of control parameters, including shift ratio and frequency ratio, and resonant network hardware parameters for joint optimization. They also combine preset soft-switching constraints, the root mean square value of the minimum resonant current, and the peak value of the minimum resonant current to find the optimal operating point. This achieves synergistic optimization of multiple performance indicators, fundamentally solving the design problem of conflicting multiple objectives. By strictly adhering to soft-switching constraints, it completely eliminates the switching losses of the switching transistors, improving system efficiency. Furthermore, by using the root mean square value and peak value of the minimum resonant current, it effectively reduces the conduction losses and current stress of power devices and magnetic components, improving the long-term operational reliability of the system, enhancing the overall efficiency and reliability of the equalizer, and reducing device costs, thus achieving a balance between high performance and low cost.

[0049] To determine the preset range of values ​​for the shift ratio, in some specific embodiments of this application, the shift ratio... D This represents the ratio of phase shift time to working cycle. Based on the periodic and reverse symmetry characteristics of the phase shift ratio across the entire range, the parameter search range is simplified to a minimum, non-repeating basic interval, which serves as the preset range for the phase shift ratio.

[0050] For example, the preset range of the shift ratio is set to [0, 0.25], and the step size is set to 0.001.

[0051] In order to determine the preset range of frequency ratio values, in some specific embodiments of this application, the frequency ratio K represents the ratio of the circuit's operating frequency to its resonant frequency, thus avoiding the region of high control sensitivity caused by circuit resonance, thereby determining the preset range of frequency ratio values.

[0052] For example, the preset frequency ratio is set to a range of [1.5, 2.0] ∪ [0.6, 0.8], with a step size of 0.001.

[0053] To obtain the control parameter combination, in some specific embodiments of this application, for S11, the control parameter combination including the shift ratio and frequency ratio is determined based on the preset value range of the shift ratio and the preset frequency ratio. This can be achieved by: Within the preset range of shift ratio and frequency ratio, any value of shift ratio and frequency ratio can be selected to form a combination of control parameters including shift ratio and frequency ratio.

[0054] Specifically, the combination of control parameters, including the shift ratio and the frequency ratio, is expressed as [ D K).

[0055] In order to determine the preset resonant frequency, in some specific embodiments of this application, the preset resonant frequency is determined based on the design goal of making the topology lightweight and high-frequency and the constraint that the dead time does not affect the steady-state operation of the phase-shift control.

[0056] For example, the preset resonant frequency can be designed as follows: f r = 10kHz.

[0057] In some specific embodiments of this application, the preset target equalization power can be set to... P target = 72W.

[0058] To obtain the resonant network hardware parameters, in some specific embodiments of this application, for S12, based on the preset target equalization power and the preset resonant frequency, the resonant network hardware parameters for achieving the preset target equalization power under the control parameter combination and the preset resonant frequency are determined. This can be achieved by: Iterate through each combination of control parameters including shift ratio and frequency ratio, substitute the preset target equalization power and control parameter combination into the preset power transfer equation based on the switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor topology, substitute the preset resonant frequency into the preset resonant frequency formula, and solve the preset power transfer equation based on the switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor topology and the preset resonant frequency formula simultaneously to solve for the resonant inductor parameters and resonant capacitor parameters that achieve the preset target equalization power.

[0059] Specifically, the preset power transfer equation based on the switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor topology is as follows: ; ; in, P target This indicates the preset target equalization power. D This indicates a preset shift compared to, K Indicates the preset frequency ratio, Indicates battery pack B 1 voltage, Indicates battery pack B 2 voltage, Indicates characteristic impedance, Indicates resonant inductance. Indicates the resonant capacitance; The preset resonant frequency formula is: in, This indicates the preset resonant frequency.

[0060] Solve the above two equations simultaneously to find the resonant inductance. L r and resonant capacitor C r The value of .

[0061] The embodiments described above in this application determine the hardware parameters of the resonant network by using a preset target equalization power and a preset resonant frequency, thereby ensuring that the combination of control parameters and the hardware parameters of the resonant network can meet the basic power requirements.

[0062] In some specific embodiments of this application, the preset soft-switching constraints include: All switching devices achieve zero-voltage conduction during the full equalization process.

[0063] By using preset soft-switching constraints, all switching devices can achieve zero-voltage conduction throughout the entire balancing process.

[0064] To meet the preset soft-switching constraints and to jointly optimize the control parameter combinations and resonant network hardware parameters, in some specific embodiments of this application, for S13, the parameter set composed of each control parameter combination and each resonant network hardware parameter is traversed, and it is verified whether the inductor current of all switching devices in the full equilibration process is not less than the preset critical current condition under each parameter set. This can be achieved by: The parameter set consisting of each combination of control parameters and each resonant network hardware parameter is traversed to verify whether the inductor current of all switching devices during the full equilibration process is not less than the preset critical current condition under each parameter set.

[0065] Specifically, the parameter set composed of the control parameter combination and the resonant network hardware parameters is represented as [ D , K , L r , C r ].

[0066] For example, establish Figure 4 The topology of the active balancing system of four battery packs in series is modeled in detail. Based on the detailed switching process model, the parameter set consisting of each combination of control parameters and each resonant network hardware parameter is traversed to verify whether the inductor current of all switching devices in the full balancing process is not less than the preset critical current condition under each parameter set.

[0067] In some specific embodiments of this application, for S14, if the parameter set satisfies the preset soft-switching constraint conditions, it is included as an element of the feasible solution set, including: If, under the parameter set, the inductor current of all switching devices during the full equilibration process is not less than the preset critical current condition, the parameter set is summarized into a feasible solution set.

[0068] Specifically, each element in the feasible solution set satisfies two conditions: first, it can achieve the preset target balanced power; second, it can realize the full-range soft-switching constraint.

[0069] In some specific embodiments of this application, an optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor may further include S17.

[0070] S17. If, under the parameter set, the inductor current of all switching devices during the full equilibration process is less than the preset critical current condition, the parameter set is discarded.

[0071] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the design results of optimal phase-shifting parameters based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0072] The above embodiments of this application refer to... Figure 5 As shown, through the above steps S13, S14 and S17, elements of the feasible solution set that satisfy the preset soft-switching constraints are filtered to determine the feasible solution set.

[0073] The embodiments described above in this application, by setting soft-switching constraints and strictly adhering to these constraints, completely eliminate the switching losses and operating losses of the switching transistors, thereby significantly improving the overall efficiency.

[0074] To achieve low return current power, in some specific embodiments of this application, for S15, the set of parameters with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current is selected according to the feasible solution set, and S151 to S152 can be adopted.

[0075] S151, based on the feasible solution set, using a preset circuit waveform expression, determine the root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network corresponding to each parameter set.

[0076] Specifically, the preset circuit waveform expression is: in, I RMS This represents the root mean square value of the resonant current. Indicates the switching cycle. This represents the instantaneous current in the resonant cavity. S152, based on the root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network corresponding to each parameter set, determine the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current.

[0077] Reference Figure 5As shown, for each element in the feasible solution set, the root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network with the minimum value is determined. I RMS The corresponding parameter set is Figure 5 The circular markers are shown in the diagram.

[0078] Among them, the root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network with the minimum value is achieved. I RMS The corresponding parameter set may include one or more.

[0079] The embodiments described above in this application calculate the root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network with the smallest value. I RMS Filter the parameter set from the feasible solution set to minimize the return power and reduce conduction loss.

[0080] The root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network with minimum strength I RMS There are multiple nearby I RMS The solution is close to the value, and the peak value of its resonant current is further calculated.

[0081] To optimize current stress, in some specific embodiments of this application, for S15, based on the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current, the parameter set with the smallest peak value of the resonant current is selected as the optimal operating point. This can be achieved by: The optimal operating point is found within the operating region of the resonant network with the smallest number of rows and the root mean square value of the resonant current. Figure 5 The point marked by the triangle is the optimal working point.

[0082] For example, ultimately [ D =0.1, K =2, L r =20μH, C r =10μF] is taken as the optimal operating point, i.e. the optimal phase shift parameter.

[0083] The embodiments described above in this application achieve a balance between high performance and low cost by reducing the peak value of the resonant current, decreasing the current stress on the components, and lowering the requirements for device specifications.

[0084] Reference Figure 4The active balancing system for a four-cell battery pack connected in series, as shown, uses the optimal operating point determined by the optimal phase-shift parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor provided in this application. Based on the optimal operating point, three operating modes—forward transmission, reverse transmission, and idle—are constructed, enabling the equalizer to cope with the energy balancing needs in different directions of the battery pack in the most efficient way, and to maintain extremely low losses when no action is required. The system control strategy is simple and efficient.

[0085] The preferred features in the above embodiments can be used individually in any embodiment, or in any combination thereof, provided they do not conflict with each other. Furthermore, parts not described in detail in the embodiments can be implemented using existing technologies.

[0086] This application provides an optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor. With the objectives of full-range soft-switching constraints, synergistic optimization of return current power and current stress, the method designs the optimal phase-shifting parameters based on the switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor topology. It employs joint optimization of control parameters and hardware parameters, breaking the limitations of traditional design methods that isolate and consider a single indicator. Ultimately, it obtains a globally optimal operating point that simultaneously satisfies soft switching, low return current power, and low current stress, fundamentally solving the design problem of conflicting multiple objectives, achieving synergistic optimization of multiple performance indicators, and reducing switching losses and operating losses.

[0087] This application provides an optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor, which can be applied to the equalization system within a high-voltage, high-capacity battery cluster.

[0088] Other unit modules in the above embodiments, such as the resonant frequency formula and phase-shift modulation, which are not described in detail, can all be implemented using existing technologies.

[0089] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an optimal phase-shifting parameter design system based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0090] Reference Figure 6 As shown in one embodiment of this application, an optimal phase-shifting parameter design system 100 based on a switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor is provided, including: a control parameter combination determination module 110, a resonant network hardware parameter determination module 120, a soft-switching constraint module 130, a feasible solution set determination module 140, a first screening module 150, and a second screening module 160.

[0091] The control parameter combination determination module 110 is used to determine a combination of control parameters including the shift ratio and the frequency ratio based on a preset range of values ​​for the shift ratio and the frequency ratio. The resonant network hardware parameter determination module 120 is used to determine the resonant network hardware parameters that achieve the preset target equalization power under the preset target equalization power and preset resonant frequency, based on the preset target equalization power and preset resonant frequency. The resonant network hardware parameters include resonant inductor parameters and resonant capacitor parameters. The soft-switching constraint module 130 is used to verify the parameter set composed of all control parameter combinations and resonant network hardware parameters according to the preset soft-switching constraint conditions. The feasible solution set determination module 140 is used to determine the parameters if they satisfy the preset soft-switching constraints, and use them as elements of the feasible solution set. The first screening module 150 is used to screen the set of parameters with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current based on the feasible solution set. The second screening module 160 is used to screen the parameter set with the smallest peak value of the resonant current based on the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current, and use it as the optimal operating point.

[0092] The embodiments described above employ a combination of control parameters, including shift ratio and frequency ratio, and resonant network hardware parameters for joint optimization. They also combine preset soft-switching constraints, the root mean square value of the minimum resonant current, and the peak value of the minimum resonant current to find the optimal operating point. This achieves synergistic optimization of multiple performance indicators, fundamentally solving the design problem of conflicting multiple objectives. By strictly adhering to soft-switching constraints, it completely eliminates the switching losses of the switching transistors, improving system efficiency. Furthermore, by using the root mean square value and peak value of the minimum resonant current, it effectively reduces the conduction losses and current stress of power devices and magnetic components, improving the long-term operational reliability of the system, enhancing the overall efficiency and reliability of the equalizer, and reducing device costs, thus achieving a balance between high performance and low cost.

[0093] Regarding the embodiments of the above system, the specific ways in which each module performs operations have been described in detail in the embodiments of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0094] Based on the same technical concept, in some specific embodiments of this application, a terminal includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and a method that the processor can use to execute when executing the program.

[0095] Based on the same technical concept, in some specific embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided on which a computer program is stored, which can be used to execute a method when the program is executed by a processor.

[0096] Optionally, the memory is used to store programs; the memory may include volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM), such as static random-access memory (SRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory (DDR SDRAM), etc.; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory. The memory is used to store computer programs (such as application programs and functional modules that implement the above methods), computer instructions, etc., and the aforementioned computer programs and computer instructions can be partitioned and stored in one or more memories. Furthermore, the aforementioned computer programs, computer instructions, data, etc., can be accessed by the processor.

[0097] The aforementioned computer programs, computer instructions, etc., can be stored in partitions within one or more memory locations. Furthermore, the aforementioned computer programs, computer instructions, data, etc., can be accessed by a processor.

[0098] A processor is used to execute a computer program stored in memory to implement the various steps of the methods involved in the above embodiments. For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the preceding method embodiments.

[0099] The processor and memory can be separate structures or integrated structures. When the processor and memory are separate structures, they can be coupled together via a bus.

[0100] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0101] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0102] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0103] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0104] The foregoing has described some specific embodiments of this application. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this application. The above-described preferred features can be used in any combination without conflict.

Claims

1. A method for designing optimal phase-shifting parameters based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, characterized in that, include: Based on the preset range of values ​​for the shift ratio and the frequency ratio, determine the combination of control parameters including the shift ratio and the frequency ratio; Based on the preset target equalization power and the preset resonant frequency, determine the resonant network hardware parameters to achieve the preset target equalization power under the control parameter combination and the preset resonant frequency. The resonant network hardware parameters include resonant inductor parameters and resonant capacitor parameters. Based on the preset soft-switching constraints, verify the parameter set consisting of all the control parameter combinations and the resonant network hardware parameters; If the parameter set satisfies the preset soft-switching constraint, it is used as an element of the feasible solution set; Based on the feasible solution set, select the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current; Based on the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current, the parameter set with the smallest peak value of the resonant current is selected as the optimal operating point.

2. The optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the preset target equalization power and the preset resonant frequency, determine the resonant network hardware parameters for achieving the preset target equalization power under the control parameter combination and the preset resonant frequency, including: By iterating through each of the control parameter combinations including the shift ratio and frequency ratio, the preset target equalization power and the control parameter combination are substituted into the preset power transfer equation based on the switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor topology. The preset resonant frequency is substituted into the preset resonant frequency formula. The preset power transfer equation based on the switch-multiplexed multi-resonant switched capacitor topology and the preset resonant frequency formula are combined to solve for the resonant inductor parameters and resonant capacitor parameters that achieve the preset target equalization power. The preset power transfer equation based on the switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor topology is as follows: ； ； in, P target This represents the preset target equalization power. D This indicates the preset shift ratio, K This indicates the preset frequency ratio. Indicates battery pack B 1 voltage, Indicates battery pack B 2 voltage, Indicates characteristic impedance, Indicates resonant inductance. Indicates the resonant capacitance; The preset resonant frequency formula is: ； in, This represents the preset resonant frequency.

3. The optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset soft-switching constraints include: All switching devices achieve zero-voltage conduction during the full equalization process.

4. The optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of verifying the parameter set consisting of all the control parameter combinations and the resonant network hardware parameters according to the preset soft-switching constraints includes: The parameter set consisting of each combination of control parameters and each set of resonant network hardware parameters is traversed to verify whether the inductor current of all the switching devices during the full equilibration process is not less than the preset critical current condition under each parameter set.

5. The optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the parameter set satisfies the preset soft-switching constraint, it is included as an element of the feasible solution set, including: If, under the parameter set, the inductor current of all the switching devices during the full equilibration process is not less than the preset critical current condition, then the parameter set is summarized into the feasible solution set.

6. The optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: If, under the parameter set, the inductor current of all the switching devices during the full balancing process is less than the preset critical current condition, the parameter set is discarded.

7. The optimal phase-shifting parameter design method based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of selecting the parameter set with the smallest root-mean-square value of the resonant current based on the feasible solution set includes: Based on the feasible solution set, the root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network corresponding to each parameter set is determined using a preset circuit waveform expression. Based on the root mean square value of the resonant current of the resonant network corresponding to each parameter set, determine the parameter set with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current.

8. A system for designing optimal phase-shift parameters based on a switch-multiplexed multiresonant switched capacitor, characterized in that, include: The control parameter combination determination module is used to determine the control parameter combination including the shift ratio and the frequency ratio based on the preset value range of the shift ratio and the preset frequency ratio. The resonant network hardware parameter determination module is used to determine the resonant network hardware parameters for achieving the preset target equalization power under the control parameter combination and the preset resonant frequency, based on the preset target equalization power and the preset resonant frequency. The resonant network hardware parameters include resonant inductor parameters and resonant capacitor parameters. The soft-switching constraint module is used to verify the parameter set consisting of all the control parameter combinations and the resonant network hardware parameters according to the preset soft-switching constraint conditions. The feasible solution set determination module is used to determine the parameter set as an element of the feasible solution set if the parameter set satisfies the preset soft-switching constraint condition. The first screening module is used to screen the set of parameters with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current based on the feasible solution set. The second screening module is used to screen the set of parameters with the smallest peak value of the resonant current based on the set of parameters with the smallest root mean square value of the resonant current, and to select the set of parameters with the smallest peak value of the resonant current as the optimal operating point.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the program implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory on which computer programs are stored; A processor for executing the computer program in the memory to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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