High-frequency and high-voltage power supply module and high-frequency and high-voltage power supply system with multi-stage phase dislocation chopping

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-stage phase dislocation chopping high-frequency high-voltage power supply module and a high-frequency high-voltage power supply system. The power supply module comprises an alternating current bus, a low-voltage rectifier bridge, a low-voltage filter inductor, a high-frequency interleaving BUCK chopper circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a high-frequency resonance circuit, a high-frequency high-isolation boosting transformer and a high-voltage rectifier bridge which are sequentially connected in series; according to the module, the duty ratio is adjusted through the high-frequency interleaving BUCK chopper circuit so as to control voltage output and reduce ripples, meanwhile, all controllable switching devices are placed at the low-voltage end, and the devices are effectively protected from being interfered and damaged by ignition at the high-voltage side through the high-isolation boosting transformer. According to the invention, a zero-voltage switching mode of the primary inverter circuit and a zero-current switching mode of the secondary rectifier tube are realized by using the resonance circuit, the switching loss is obviously reduced, and the capacity of a high-voltage filter capacitor is reduced through a high-frequency design, so that the energy release during load ignition is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of high-voltage power supply and power electronics technology, and more specifically, to a high-frequency high-voltage power supply module and a high-frequency high-voltage power supply system with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping. Background Technology

[0002] The neutral beam injection heating system is a highly efficient auxiliary heating system for plasma heating in the field of magnetic confinement controlled nuclear fusion, and it is also the most commonly used system for heating tokamak devices. A high-voltage power supply provides a DC voltage of hundreds to tens of kilovolts across the accelerating electrodes of the neutral beam injection heating system, which is the main energy source for this system. During the acceleration and charging of the beam at the accelerating electrodes, the increased beam current can cause short-circuit arcing between the two electrodes, which can have a significant impact on the high-voltage power supply system and cause severe electromagnetic interference.

[0003] Currently, most mainstream high-voltage power supply solutions employ pulse step modulation technology, achieving high-voltage, high-power output through module cascading. However, in this approach, all controllable switching devices are located at the high-voltage end, making them highly susceptible to damage from electromagnetic interference generated by arcing. While using rectification-inverter-rectification technology to place the controllable switching devices at the low-voltage end can effectively reduce such damage, existing three-level inverter technology suffers from low switching frequency, high back-end ripple, and high arcing energy release. Meanwhile, full-bridge inverter technology using phase-shift control exhibits a slow output rise time. Therefore, balancing the rise time, back-end ripple, and arcing energy release of the power supply, while protecting the switching devices from high-voltage arcing interference, has become a pressing technical challenge in the high-voltage power supply field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] Therefore, the first aspect of the present invention provides a high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping.

[0006] A second aspect of the present invention provides a high-frequency high-voltage power supply system.

[0007] This invention provides a multi-stage phase-shifting chopper high-frequency high-voltage power supply module, comprising: an AC bus, a low-voltage rectifier bridge, a low-voltage filter capacitor, a low-voltage filter inductor, a high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a high-frequency resonant circuit, a high-frequency high-isolation step-up transformer, a high-voltage rectifier bridge, and a high-voltage filter capacitor. The AC bus, low-voltage rectifier bridge, low-voltage filter inductor, high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit, high-frequency inverter circuit, high-frequency resonant circuit, high-frequency high-isolation step-up transformer, and high-voltage rectifier bridge are connected in series in sequence. The low-voltage filter capacitor is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the low-voltage rectifier bridge; The high-voltage filter capacitor is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the high-voltage rectifier bridge; The high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit is used to adjust the duty cycle according to the output voltage requirements, so as to regulate the output voltage and reduce voltage ripple.

[0008] The high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping according to the above technical solution of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: In the above technical solution, the high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit includes at least two interleaved parallel chopper branches, and each chopper branch includes a high-frequency switching device, a fast recovery diode, and an energy storage inductor.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the high-frequency switching device has a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal. The control terminal of the high-frequency switching device receives a chopper control signal to control the on / off state of the high-frequency switching device. The first terminal of the high-frequency switching device is coupled to the output terminal of the low-voltage filter inductor. The fast recovery diode has a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal of the fast recovery diode is coupled to the second terminal of a high-frequency switching device, and the second terminal of the fast recovery diode is coupled to an input terminal of a high-frequency inverter circuit. The conduction direction of the fast recovery diode is from its second terminal to its first terminal. The energy storage inductor has a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal of the energy storage inductor is coupled to the first terminal of the fast recovery diode, and the second terminal of the energy storage inductor is coupled to the other input terminal of the high-frequency inverter circuit.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the conduction direction of the fast recovery diode is the same as the conduction direction of the body diode of the high-frequency switching device.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the working process of the high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit is as follows: the high-frequency switching devices in each chopper branch are turned on in turn, so that the corresponding energy storage inductor is charged under the voltage difference between the input voltage and the output voltage, while the fast recovery diodes of the other branches are turned on to discharge the corresponding energy storage inductor.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the high-frequency inverter circuit is a full-bridge inverter circuit, which includes four inverter bridge switching devices.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the high-frequency resonant circuit includes a resonant capacitor and a resonant inductor connected in series, as well as the magnetizing inductance of the high-frequency high-isolation step-up transformer.

[0014] In the above technical solution, within the operating dead zone of the high-frequency inverter circuit, the resonant inductor, resonant capacitor, and magnetizing inductor resonate. The junction capacitance of the inverter bridge switching device releases energy through resonance, so that the inverter bridge switching device is in a zero-voltage switching off state. When the resonant current is equal to the current of the magnetizing inductor, the rectifier diodes in the high-voltage rectifier bridge are in a zero-current switching off state.

[0015] The present invention provides a high-frequency high-voltage power supply system, including a high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system includes N multi-stage phase-shifting high-frequency high-voltage power supply modules. The N multi-stage phase-shifting high-frequency high-voltage power supply modules are connected in series in a phase-shifting manner, wherein the phase-shifting angle is 60 / N.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical features, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention places all controllable switching devices on the low-voltage side of the primary winding of the step-up transformer, while only an interference-resistant high-voltage rectifier bridge is placed on the high-voltage side. Effective isolation is achieved during load arcing via the high-frequency, high-isolation step-up transformer, completely solving the problem of electromagnetic interference caused by load arcing and thus preventing damage to switching devices, thereby improving system reliability. Secondly, by employing a high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit for voltage regulation at the front end, compared to traditional full-bridge inverter phase-shift voltage regulation schemes, the rise time of the power supply is significantly shortened, and a wider range of voltage output control is achieved. Furthermore, this invention utilizes a high-frequency resonant circuit to put the primary-side inverter circuit in zero-voltage switching (ZVS) mode and the secondary-side rectifier diodes in zero-current switching (ZCS) mode, greatly reducing switching losses, improving power conversion efficiency, and simplifying the thermal design requirements of the equipment. In addition, by increasing the operating frequency of the inverter circuit, the DC ripple frequency after rectification is significantly increased. This not only effectively reduces the voltage ripple at the output end but also allows the use of smaller capacity high-voltage filter capacitors, thereby significantly reducing the energy released during load arcing and protecting the load and power system. Finally, when multiple modules are connected in series in a phase-interleaved manner to form a system, the overall output ripple of the system can be further canceled and weakened by using a specific phase-interleaved angle, thus achieving high voltage, high efficiency, low ripple and strong anti-interference power output.

[0018] More specifically, the multi-stage phase-shift chopper high-frequency high-voltage power supply module proposed in this invention achieves an output voltage of 0-1600V, an output power of 0-80kW, an inverter frequency of up to 80kHz, a DC ripple frequency of 160kHz after rectification, and functions such as small filter capacitor, low ripple, reducing energy released during load arcing, and protecting switching devices from damage caused by load arcing.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopper according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit and high-frequency inverter circuit in a multi-stage staggered phase chopper high-frequency high-voltage power supply module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the high-frequency resonant circuit in a multi-stage phase-shifting high-frequency high-voltage power supply module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the signal waveform during the operation of a high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] in, Figures 1 to 4 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows: 1. AC bus; 2. Low-voltage rectifier bridge; 3. Low-voltage filter capacitor; 4. Low-voltage filter inductor; 5. High-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit; 6. High-frequency inverter circuit; 7. High-frequency resonant circuit; 8. High-frequency high-isolation step-up transformer; 9. High-voltage rectifier bridge; 10. High-voltage filter capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0023] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] The following reference Figures 1 to 4 This invention describes a high-frequency high-voltage power supply module and a high-frequency high-voltage power supply system with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Some embodiments of this application provide a multi-stage phase-shifted chopper high-frequency high-voltage power supply module. Its design aims to meet the high-performance requirements of high-voltage power supplies in neutral beam injection heating systems (NBI) in the field of magnetic confinement controlled nuclear fusion. In nuclear fusion devices such as tokamak, the neutral beam injection heating system accelerates and charges the beam through accelerating electrodes, and its core energy source comes from this 100-1000 kV DC high-voltage power supply. Because short-circuit arcing between accelerating electrodes is highly likely to occur during system operation, traditional pulse-step modulation power supplies, whose controllable switching devices are mostly located at the high-voltage end, are easily damaged by the strong electromagnetic interference generated by arcing. This invention resolves the contradiction between reliability and dynamic performance by moving all controllable switching devices to the low-voltage end and retaining only impact-resistant high-voltage rectifier devices at the high-voltage end, supplemented by advanced circuit topology and control logic.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the first embodiment of this invention proposes a multi-stage staggered-phase chopper high-frequency high-voltage power supply module. Specifically, the module includes an AC bus 1, a low-voltage rectifier bridge 2, a low-voltage filter capacitor 3, a low-voltage filter inductor 4, a high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5, a high-frequency inverter circuit 6, a high-frequency resonant circuit 7, a high-frequency high-isolation step-up transformer 8, a high-voltage rectifier bridge 9, and a high-voltage filter capacitor 10. In terms of physical connection, the AC bus 1, the low-voltage rectifier bridge 2, the low-voltage filter inductor 4, the high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5, the high-frequency inverter circuit 6, the high-frequency resonant circuit 7, the high-frequency high-isolation step-up transformer 8, and the high-voltage rectifier bridge 9 are connected in series, forming the main power path from energy input to high-voltage output. To ensure the stability of the DC bus and reduce ripple, the low-voltage filter capacitor 3 is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the low-voltage rectifier bridge 2 (i.e., between the stage after the low-voltage rectifier bridge 2 and the stage before the low-voltage filter inductor 4); similarly, to make the final output DC power smoother, the high-voltage filter capacitor 10 is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the high-voltage rectifier bridge 9.

[0027] AC bus 1 serves as the primary energy source for the entire system. It can be equipped with AC power at different voltage levels, such as 220V or 380V, depending on the site's power supply conditions, as long as the subsequent rectifier and chopper devices are compatible with its voltage level. The input terminal of AC bus 1 connects to an external AC cable, while the output terminal connects to a low-voltage rectifier bridge 2. The function of the low-voltage rectifier bridge 2 is to convert AC power to DC power. In this embodiment, a single-phase or multi-phase (e.g., three-phase) full-bridge rectifier structure can be used depending on the actual power requirements. The rectified current passes sequentially through a parallel low-voltage filter capacitor 3 and a series low-voltage filter inductor 4. These two devices work together to effectively reduce the voltage ripple generated by rectification and stabilize the bus voltage, laying the foundation for subsequent fine-tuning of the voltage.

[0028] The low-voltage filter inductor 3 and the low-voltage filter capacitor 3 are devices used to filter the DC power converted by the low-voltage rectifier bridge. They can reduce the voltage ripple caused by rectification and stabilize the voltage.

[0029] The high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5 performs multi-stage chopping on the DC power, which can reduce the output voltage according to the requirements and reduce the voltage ripple generated by the low-voltage rectifier bridge. The high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5 can be a two-stage or multi-stage chopper, and the specific number of stages is selected according to the output voltage ripple. The frequency can also be selected according to the requirements. Furthermore, using the high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5 for output voltage adjustment can shorten the power supply rise time. The high-frequency inverter circuit 6 is used to invert the low-voltage, low-ripple DC power after chopping. By increasing the inverter frequency, the ripple is further reduced. The high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5 with a control voltage in the front stage can keep the high-frequency inverter circuit 6 in a fixed operating frequency state, which can resonate with the high-frequency resonant circuit 7 over a wide range. The high-frequency resonant circuit 7 is used to realize the zero-voltage turn-off of the switching transistors of the high-frequency inverter circuit 6 and the zero-current turn-on of the high-voltage rectifier diodes, reducing the switching transistor losses, improving the switching transistor life and power supply efficiency. The high-frequency, high-isolation step-up transformer 8 is used to step up the AC power generated by the inverter circuit. It is designed with a high withstand voltage rating to effectively isolate the AC power during arcing at the load end, reducing the impact on the primary-side high-frequency inverter bridge and protecting the switching transistors. The high-voltage rectifier bridge 9 is used to rectify the stepped-up AC power. The high-voltage filter capacitor 10 is used to filter the high-voltage DC power generated by the high-voltage rectifier bridge 9, further reducing the output ripple.

[0030] Specifically, the core voltage regulation function of this disclosure is implemented by a high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5. The main task of this circuit is to achieve step-down control by adjusting the duty cycle of its internal switching devices according to the final output voltage requirements, while further reducing voltage ripple from the low-voltage rectification stage through multi-stage interleaving technology. This design, which places the voltage regulation function before the inverter, results in a shorter rise time for the power system and a faster dynamic response than traditional inverter phase-shift voltage regulation schemes. Figure 2 As shown, the high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5 in this embodiment uses a three-stage interleaved mode as an example. However, in actual engineering applications, a multi-stage mode with two or more stages can be selected according to the requirements of the output ripple.

[0031] Specifically, the high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5 includes at least two stages of interleaved parallel chopper branches. Taking a three-stage interleaved chopper as an example, each stage consists of a high-frequency switching device, a fast recovery diode, and an energy storage inductor. The first stage branch includes a high-frequency switching device Q1, a fast recovery diode D1, and an energy storage inductor L1; the second stage branch includes a high-frequency switching device Q2, a fast recovery diode D2, and an energy storage inductor L2; and the third stage branch includes a high-frequency switching device Q3, a fast recovery diode D3, and an energy storage inductor L3.

[0032] Continue reading Figure 2 In each branch, the devices are connected as follows: High-frequency switching devices (such as Q1, Q2, Q3) have a first terminal (corresponding to the drain or collector of the switching transistor), a second terminal (corresponding to the source or emitter of the switching transistor), and a control terminal (corresponding to the gate of the switching transistor). The control terminal receives the chopper control signal from the external control system, thereby determining the on / off state of the device. The first terminal of the high-frequency switching device is coupled to the output terminal of the low-voltage filter inductor 4 in the preceding stage. Fast recovery diodes (such as D1, D2, D3) have a first terminal (cathode) and a second terminal (anode). Their first terminal is coupled to the second terminal of the corresponding high-frequency switching device, and their second terminal is coupled to one input terminal (usually the negative bus) of the subsequent high-frequency inverter circuit 6. It should be noted that the conduction direction of the fast recovery diode is from its second terminal to its first terminal; this polarity configuration allows it to provide a freewheeling path for the energy storage inductor during the switching transistor's off-state. Furthermore, to prevent parasitic effects or reverse surges, the conduction direction of the fast recovery diode is designed to be the same as that of the body diode that may exist inside the high-frequency switching device. The energy storage inductor (such as L1, L2, L3) has a first terminal and a second terminal. Its first terminal is coupled to the first terminal of the fast recovery diode (i.e., the connection point between the switch and the diode), and its second terminal is coupled to another input terminal (usually the positive bus) of the high-frequency inverter circuit 6.

[0033] The operating cycle logic of the high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit 5 is as follows: Under the action of the control signal, the high-frequency switching devices in each branch are turned on in turn. For example, when high-frequency switching device Q1 is turned on while Q2 and Q3 are turned off, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged under the voltage difference between the input bus voltage and the output voltage, and the current rises linearly to store energy. At the same time, since Q2 and Q3 are in the off state, the fast recovery diodes D2 and D3 are in the forced conduction state, causing the energy storage inductors L2 and L3 to release the previously stored energy to supply the downstream load. Subsequently, if Q1, Q2, and Q3 all enter a brief off period, D1, D2, and D3 are all turned on, and L1, L2, and L3 discharge simultaneously. Through this phase-staggered alternating turn-on and turn-off process, the currents of the three inductors are superimposed at the output terminal, which greatly smooths the total current fluctuation and achieves extremely low voltage ripple and an extremely wide voltage output range.

[0034] The low-ripple DC power, after chopping and voltage regulation, then enters the high-frequency inverter circuit 6. In some embodiments, the high-frequency inverter circuit 6 employs a full-bridge inverter topology, including four inverter bridge switching devices, labeled S1, S2, S3, and S4. The parallel terminals of S1 and S2 serve as the positive bus input of the high-frequency inverter circuit 6, connected to each energy storage inductor; the parallel terminals of S3 and S4 serve as the negative bus input of the high-frequency inverter circuit 6, connected to the second terminal of each fast recovery diode. Since the front-stage BUCK circuit has already undertaken the voltage regulation function, the high-frequency inverter circuit 6 can be set to operate at a fixed high switching frequency. This helps optimize the performance of the subsequent resonant circuit and effectively reduces the size of the filtering devices. The inverter frequency of this design can reach up to 80kHz, which means that the DC ripple frequency after high-voltage rectification will double to 160kHz.

[0035] To further reduce switching losses and protect switching devices, the high-frequency inverter circuit 6 and the high-frequency resonant circuit 7 work in close coordination. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the high-frequency resonant circuit 7 includes a resonant capacitor Cr and a resonant inductor Lr connected in series, as well as the magnetizing inductance Lm of the high-frequency, high-isolation step-up transformer 8. The core objective of this resonant configuration is to achieve zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of the full-bridge switching transistors and zero-current switching (ZCS) of the secondary rectifier diodes.

[0036] Combination Figure 4 The working mode and waveform diagram shown can be divided into multiple stages in their specific working process. Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, the drive signals of S1-S4 are configured to be active high, which can be adjusted according to the actual situation. During the t0-t1 stage, when the inverter bridge switching devices S1 and S4 are turned on while S2 and S3 are turned off, current flows to the resonant circuit. At this time, due to the output voltage on the secondary side of the transformer, the magnetizing inductor Lm is clamped by the output voltage and does not participate in the branch resonance; its current increases linearly with time. The resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductor Lr begin to resonate, and the current output to the secondary side is equal to the difference between the resonant current and the magnetizing current. When time reaches t1, S1 and S4 are turned off. Since the current in the resonant inductor cannot change abruptly and is still greater than the magnetizing current, the high-voltage rectifier bridge diodes on the secondary side remain on. Entering the dead time period t1-t2, since S1-S4 are all in the off state, the junction capacitance charge originally accumulated in the switching transistors S2 and S3 begins to be released through the resonant circuit, providing freewheeling energy. During the dead time, the junction capacitance charge is completely released, clamping the voltage across S2 and S3 to zero. This creates a perfect zero-voltage turn-on (ZVS) condition for the subsequent conduction of S2 and S3. Simultaneously, the slope of the resonant current decreases. When it rapidly decreases and equals the current in the magnetizing inductor Lm, the net current output to the secondary side becomes zero. At this point, the four rectifier diodes in the secondary high-voltage rectifier bridge 9 naturally turn off, achieving zero-current switching (ZCS) and avoiding losses and interference caused by diode reverse recovery. Subsequently, at time t3, S2 and S3 officially turn on, beginning the next symmetrical half-cycle operation.

[0037] The alternating current generated by high-frequency resonance is stepped up by a high-frequency, high-isolation step-up transformer 8. In addition to voltage transformation (e.g., stepping up hundreds of volts to the kilovolt level), this transformer features extremely high insulation and isolation design. In the event of a short circuit at the load end, the transformer, thanks to its physical isolation characteristics and preset high withstand voltage rating, can effectively block the electromagnetic shock wave from the high-voltage side from propagating to the low-voltage primary side, thereby protecting the high-frequency inverter bridge and its switching devices on the low-voltage side from physical damage.

[0038] The boosted high-frequency AC power enters the high-voltage rectifier bridge 9, which converts it back into high-voltage DC power. Due to the high inverter frequency (80kHz), the rectified voltage waveform has a very fine ripple characteristic, which means that only a small-capacity high-voltage filter capacitor 10 is needed to meet the ripple requirements. In the NBI system, reducing the capacity of the high-voltage filter capacitor has significant safety implications: when arcing and short-circuiting occur in the load, the energy stored in the filter capacitor is released instantaneously. A smaller capacitor means less energy released, which can greatly reduce the physical damage and erosion caused by arcing to the accelerating plates.

[0039] Based on the superior performance of the aforementioned individual modules, other embodiments of the present invention also provide a high-frequency high-voltage power supply system, which consists of N such multi-stage phase-shifting high-frequency high-voltage power supply modules. To obtain higher output voltage and more perfect output quality, these N modules are physically connected in series at their output terminals, and a phase-interleaved operation mode is adopted in the control strategy. Specifically, the phase interleaving angle of the inverter control signals between each module is set to 60 / N degrees. Through this multi-interleaved control at the system level, not only is the output voltage superimposed, but the small ripples generated by each module also cancel each other out in phase, thereby achieving ultra-high voltage, high power, and extremely low DC ripple power output (e.g., DC voltage can reach over 1600V, power reaches 80kW, and ripple is less than 1%).

[0040] In summary, this disclosure achieves rapid voltage rise and precise voltage regulation through low-voltage side interleaved parallel BUCK chopper, utilizes high-frequency resonant inverters for high efficiency and long lifespan, and solves a series of core challenges in nuclear fusion environments, such as high voltage power supply susceptibility to damage, large ripple, and high ignition energy, by combining a high-isolation step-up transformer and high-frequency design. This multi-stage, multi-dimensional interleaved and resonant coordination provides a highly reliable and high-performance solution in the field of high-voltage power supply technology.

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the switching device in this disclosure can be any suitable semiconductor switching device, such as a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), a junction field-effect transistor (JFET), or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), etc.

[0042] In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the terms used do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0043] Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention shall be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping, characterized in that, include: AC bus, low-voltage rectifier bridge, low-voltage filter capacitor, low-voltage filter inductor, high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit, high-frequency inverter circuit, high-frequency resonant circuit, high-frequency high-isolation step-up transformer, high-voltage rectifier bridge and high-voltage filter capacitor. The AC bus, low-voltage rectifier bridge, low-voltage filter inductor, high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit, high-frequency inverter circuit, high-frequency resonant circuit, high-frequency high-isolation step-up transformer, and high-voltage rectifier bridge are connected in series in sequence. The low-voltage filter capacitor is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the low-voltage rectifier bridge; The high-voltage filter capacitor is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the high-voltage rectifier bridge; The high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit is used to adjust the duty cycle according to the output voltage requirements, so as to regulate the output voltage and reduce voltage ripple.

2. The high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit includes at least two interleaved parallel chopper branches, each of which includes a high-frequency switching device, a fast recovery diode, and an energy storage inductor.

3. The high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-frequency switching device has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a control terminal. The control terminal of the high-frequency switching device receives a chopper control signal to control the on / off state of the high-frequency switching device. The first terminal of the high-frequency switching device is coupled to the output terminal of a low-voltage filter inductor. The fast recovery diode has a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal of the fast recovery diode is coupled to the second terminal of a high-frequency switching device, and the second terminal of the fast recovery diode is coupled to an input terminal of a high-frequency inverter circuit. The conduction direction of the fast recovery diode is from its second terminal to its first terminal. The energy storage inductor has a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal of the energy storage inductor is coupled to the first terminal of the fast recovery diode, and the second terminal of the energy storage inductor is coupled to the other input terminal of the high-frequency inverter circuit.

4. The high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping according to claim 3, characterized in that, in, The conduction direction of the fast recovery diode is the same as that of the body diode of the high-frequency switching device.

5. The high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping according to claim 3, characterized in that, The high-frequency interleaved parallel BUCK chopper circuit operates as follows: the high-frequency switching devices in each chopper branch are turned on in turn, causing the corresponding energy storage inductor to charge under the voltage difference between the input and output voltages. At the same time, the fast recovery diodes in the other branches are turned on, causing the corresponding energy storage inductor to discharge.

6. The high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency inverter circuit is a full-bridge inverter circuit, which includes four inverter bridge switching devices.

7. The high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping according to claim 6, characterized in that, The high-frequency resonant circuit includes a resonant capacitor and a resonant inductor connected in series, as well as the magnetizing inductance of the high-frequency high-isolation step-up transformer.

8. The high-frequency high-voltage power supply module with multi-stage phase-shifting chopping according to claim 7, characterized in that, Within the dead zone of the high-frequency inverter circuit, the resonant inductor, resonant capacitor, and magnetizing inductor resonate. The junction capacitance of the inverter bridge switching device releases energy through resonance, so that the inverter bridge switching device is in a zero-voltage switching off state. When the resonant current is equal to the current of the magnetizing inductor, the rectifier diodes in the high-voltage rectifier bridge are in a zero-current switching off state.

9. A high-frequency, high-voltage power supply system, characterized in that, The high-frequency high-voltage power supply module includes the multi-stage phase-shifting chopper as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The high-frequency high-voltage power supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The high-frequency high-voltage power supply system includes N multi-stage phase-shifting high-frequency high-voltage power supply modules, which are connected in series in a phase-shifting manner, wherein the phase-shifting angle is 60 / N.

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