Method for planting rhizoma bletillae in Weija pine forest

Abstract

The invention provides a Bletilla striata planting method under a Pinus elliottii forest, relates to the technical field of under-forest economy, and solves the problems of long growth cycle and slow economic benefit of a traditional Pinus elliottii planting forest, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) planting Pinus elliottii seedlings according to specific specifications; (2) after the wetted pines grow for 3 years, ridging between the line spacing of the wetted pines to plant rhizoma bletillae seedlings; (3) covering ridge surfaces with pinus armandii shells; (4) performing high fertilizer and water management; according to the method, by means of the semi-shade environment formed by the canopy of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines of the pines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of understory economic technology, specifically relating to a method for planting Bletilla striata under wet-processed pine forests. Background Technology

[0002] Slash pine is a hybrid offspring of slash pine and Caribbean pine, combining the advantages of both parents. It has the advantages of fast growth, large growth volume, round and straight trunk, good wood properties, drought and waterlogging resistance, strong wind resistance, and strong resistance to diseases and pests.

[0003] However, resin can be tapped after 8 years of planting of *Pinus truncatum*, and it generally takes 8-12 years to mature for afforestation. In current forestry practices, monoculture *Pinus truncatum* forests have the problems of long growth cycle and slow economic benefits. In the long 8-12 year timber maturity cycle, there is almost no economic output in the first few years, resulting in low utilization of forest land resources and affecting the planting enthusiasm of forest farmers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problems in the background technology, this invention develops a method for planting Bletilla striata under wet-planted pine forests, which achieves "using short-term gains to support long-term growth" and solves the problems of long growth cycle and slow economic benefits in traditional wet-planted pine forests; at the same time, by utilizing the excellent semi-shade light conditions provided by the wet-planted pine canopy, the yield of Bletilla striata per mu can be increased compared with traditional bare land monoculture.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A method for planting Bletilla striata under pine forests using a wet-processing method includes the following steps: (1) Planting of wet pine: Select forest land with a slope of less than 30 degrees, and plant wet pine seedlings with a spacing of 2 meters between plants and 4 meters between rows on the forest land; the preferred planting altitude is 800-2000 meters, the preferred planting hole size is 50×50×40cm, and apply 0.5kg of ordinary superphosphate as base fertilizer to each hole; (2) Planting of Bletilla striata: After the wet pine in step (1) has grown for 3 years, the soil with a depth of 25 cm is dug on the 4-meter row spacing of the wet pine. The soil is then dug along the contour line at a depth of 1.5 meters. Bletilla striata seedlings are planted on the ridge with a plant spacing of 25 cm and a row spacing of 25 cm. (3) Covering the ridge surface: After planting Bletilla striata, cover the ridge surface with pine bark, preferably Huashan pine bark, until the soil is no longer visible; (4) Fertilizer and water management: During the period from January to May each year, apply 50 kg of balanced compound fertilizer and 50 kg of ordinary superphosphate per mu to the forest land, and irrigate a total of 11 m³ of water during this period.

[0006] Furthermore, the forest land in step (1) is slightly acidic to neutral sandy loam soil.

[0007] Furthermore, in step (2), the planting density of Bletilla striata seedlings is 3,000 plants per mu, forming a living ground cover under the wet pine forest.

[0008] Furthermore, the balanced compound fertilizer in step (4) is a compound fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 20:20:20.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention solves the problem of long planting cycles and slow results of traditional pine forest cultivation by planting pine and Bletilla striata in a symbiotic manner, while increasing the yield of Bletilla striata per acre. Detailed Implementation

[0010] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0011] Example 1: (1) Planting of wet pine: Select slightly acidic sandy loam forest land with an altitude of 800-2000 meters and a slope of 25 degrees. On this forest land, plant wet pine seedlings with a spacing of 2 meters between plants and 4 meters between rows. The 4-meter row spacing is reserved for the subsequent intercropping of Bletilla striata. The preferred size of the planting hole is 50×50×40cm. Apply 0.5kg of ordinary superphosphate as base fertilizer to each hole. (2) Planting of Bletilla striata: This is carried out 3 years after the wet-grown pine in step (1): At this time, the wet pine forest has passed through the unstable period of the first three years of tending and has begun to form a stable canopy structure. Moreover, the canopy width of the wet pine does not exceed 4 meters, which is smaller than that of coniferous trees of the same species. This ensures that there is sufficient diffused light under the forest, providing semi-shade light conditions for the understory of Bletilla striata, which is an environmental condition for high yield of Bletilla striata. In the middle of the 4-meter row spacing of the wet-planted pine, dig 1.5-meter-wide ridges along the contour lines, with a depth of 25 centimeters, to provide a deep and loose soil environment. On the 1.5-meter-wide ridges, plant healthy Bletilla striata seedlings with a plant spacing of 25 centimeters and a row spacing of 25 centimeters. Through selective sparse planting (such as reducing the number of planting rows), the final planting density is controlled at 3,000 plants per acre, providing each Bletilla striata plant with more ample nutrient space and root extension range, optimizing ventilation conditions, and providing high-yield growth conditions for Bletilla striata. At the same time, this high-density planting of Bletilla striata forms a living ground cover under the wet-planted pine forest, which can reduce soil erosion and suppress weeds, while the Bletilla striata root system (root exudates) can improve the soil microecology and inhibit pine pathogenic fungi (symbiotic fungi of longhorn beetles and pine sawflies), thus protecting the health of the upper wet-planted pine and reducing the risk of disease. Through the light conditions formed by the wet-planted pine and the active control of the planting density of Bletilla striata, the morphological basis for high-yield Bletilla striata is formed. (3) Covering the ridge surface: After planting Bletilla striata, cover the ridge surface with pine bark. The thickness of the cover should be such that the soil underneath is not visible. The purpose of the pine bark is to cover and retain moisture, keep warm, and inhibit the growth of weeds. (4) Fertilizer and water management: This step is carried out continuously for three years after each round of planting of Bletilla striata, from January to May each year: Fertilization: Apply 50 kg of balanced compound fertilizer and 50 kg of ordinary superphosphate per mu. The balanced compound fertilizer should preferably be a compound fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 20:20:20, and preferably a fertilizer that does not contain urea and chloride ions to avoid toxic effects on Bletilla striata seedlings. Irrigation: During this period (January-May), in conjunction with fertilization and drought conditions, a total of 11 m³ of water was irrigated to the forest land to maintain the water required for the growth of 3,000 plants / acre of high-density Bletilla striata, dissolve and transport fertilizer, and dissolve the active substances secreted by the roots of Bletilla striata, which are then evenly distributed around the roots of Pineapple in wet soil through soil infiltration, achieving mutual benefit between forest and medicinal plants; the high fertilizer and water input provides the water and fertilizer required for the healthy growth of Pineapple in wet soil and meets the water and fertilizer requirements for high yield of Bletilla striata.

[0012] Example 2 Steps (1), (3), and (4) of Example 2 are the same as those of Example 1; the difference is that in step (2), the final planting density of Bletilla striata is controlled at 4,000 plants per mu.

[0013] Example 3 Steps (1), (3), and (4) of Example 3 are the same as those of Example 1; the difference is that in step (2) of planting Bletilla striata, the final planting density is controlled at 2,000 plants per mu.

[0014] Comparative Example 1 Plant *Pinus hyacinthus* according to step (1) of Example 1, without performing the intercropping, covering and corresponding fertilizer and water management of *Bletilla striata* in steps (2), (3) and (4), and only perform routine tending of *Pinus hyacinthus*. Measure its economic benefits in the third year.

[0015] Comparative Example 2 Select a bare land with the same altitude, slope, and soil as in Example 1, but without wet and loose soil. Prepare the land and plant the plants according to step (2) of Example 1 (3000 plants / acre). Cover and manage fertilizer and water according to steps (3) and (4). Harvest Bletilla striata in the third year.

[0016] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that in step (3) ridge covering, rice straw is used for covering, and Bletilla striata is harvested in the third year.

[0017] Comparative Example 4 The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that step (3) of mulching is omitted, and Bletilla striata is harvested in the third year.

[0018] Comparative Example 5 The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that step (4) of fertilizer and water management was omitted, and Bletilla striata was harvested in the third year.

[0019] Planting Experiment Plots with similar conditions within the same forest farm were selected and planted according to the methods described in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4. Each group had three replicates, with each replicate consisting of one acre. Three years after planting, the yield of Bletilla striata was measured, and the average annual increase in diameter at breast height (DBH) in the third year was measured using wet-processed pine. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 As can be seen from Table 1, using the technical solution described in this invention can not only improve the overall economic benefits of the planting cycle of *Pinus thunbergii*, but also effectively increase the yield per mu and the average annual increase in diameter at breast height of *Pinus thunbergii*, thus achieving mutual benefit between forestry and medicinal plants.

[0020] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting Bletilla striata under pine forests using a wet-processing method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Planting of wet-grown pine: Select forest land with a slope of less than 30 degrees, and plant wet-grown pine seedlings with a spacing of 2 meters between plants and 4 meters between rows on the forest land; Planting of Bletilla striata: After the wet pine in step (1) has grown for 3 years, dig the soil to a depth of 25 cm on the 4-meter row spacing of the wet pine, and make ridges at 1.5 meters along the contour line. Plant Bletilla striata seedlings on the ridges with a plant spacing of 25 cm and a row spacing of 25 cm. Mulching: After planting Bletilla striata, cover the ridge surface with pine cones until the soil is no longer visible; Fertilizer and water management: From January to May each year, apply 50 kg of balanced compound fertilizer and 50 kg of ordinary superphosphate per mu to the forest land, and irrigate a total of 11 m³ of water during this period.

2. The method for planting Bletilla striata under pine forests using wet-processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the forest elevation is 800-2000 meters.

3. The method for planting Bletilla striata under pine forests using wet-processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forest land in step (1) is slightly acidic to neutral sandy loam soil.

4. The method for planting Bletilla striata under pine forests using wet-processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the planting density of Bletilla striata seedlings is 3,000 per mu to form living ground cover under wet pine forest.

5. The method for planting Bletilla striata under pine forests using wet-processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balanced compound fertilizer in step (4) is a compound fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 20:20:20.

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