Press fitting device and press fitting equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a press-fitting device and press-fitting equipment, the press-fitting device is used for press-fitting a dust cover on a piston to form calipers, the dust cover comprises an outer ring part and an inner ring part arranged in the outer ring part, and the press-fitting device comprises a clamp seat, a guide clamp, a first pressure head and a second pressure head; the clamp base is used for bearing a dust cover to be pressed and a piston, the guide clamp is arranged below the first pressing head, the first pressing head is movably connected to the clamp base and used for pressing an outer ring part downwards, and the second pressing head is movably connected into the first pressing head and used for pressing an inner ring part downwards; and when the first pressing head is pressed downwards, the guide clamp is used for clamping the outer ring part, so that the dust cover and the piston are coaxial. According to the press-fitting device, automatic press-fitting of the dust cover and the piston can be achieved, the coaxiality of the dust cover and the piston can be guaranteed in the press-fitting process, it is guaranteed that the inner ring part and the outer ring part are kept synchronous in the press-fitting process, and the coaxiality and the press-fitting quality in the press-fitting process are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of caliper assembly technology, specifically relating to a pressing device and pressing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, calipers consist of a dust cover and a piston. When pressing the dust cover onto the piston, assembly is typically done manually or with the aid of equipment, resulting in low assembly efficiency and large assembly errors. Furthermore, there are automated pressing-fitting methods for the dust cover. However, these automated machines struggle to ensure the coaxiality of the dust cover and piston. Since the inner ring of the dust cover and the piston have an interference fit, poor coaxiality can easily damage the dust cover, leading to a low yield rate for the assembled calipers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to provide a press-fitting device that solves at least one of the problems of low efficiency, easy damage to dust covers, and low product qualification rate in existing caliper assembly.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a pressing device for pressing a dust cover onto a piston to form a caliper. The dust cover includes an outer ring portion and an inner ring portion disposed inside the outer ring portion. The pressing device includes a clamping seat, a guide clamp, a first pressing head, and a second pressing head. The clamping seat is used to support the dust cover and the piston to be pressed. The guide clamp is disposed below the first pressing head. The first pressing head is movably connected to the clamping seat and is used to press down the outer ring portion. The second pressing head is movably connected inside the first pressing head and is used to press down the inner ring portion. When the first pressing head presses down, the guide clamp is used to clamp the outer ring portion so that the dust cover and the piston are coaxial.

[0005] Optionally, the first pressure head includes a first sleeve portion and a first connecting portion, the first sleeve portion is connected to the bottom wall of the first connecting portion, the second pressure head is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sleeve portion, and the bottom end of the first sleeve portion is used to press down the outer ring portion.

[0006] Optionally, the second pressure head includes a guide shaft and a second sleeve portion. The second sleeve portion has a guide hole. The guide shaft includes two opposing first ends. One of the two first ends is connected to the bottom wall of the first connecting portion, and the other is inserted into the guide hole. The outer wall of the second sleeve portion is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sleeve portion. The bottom end of the second sleeve portion is used to press down the inner ring portion.

[0007] Optionally, the bottom wall of the first connecting part is provided with a sleeve driving member, and the output end of the sleeve driving member is connected to the second sleeve part to drive the second sleeve part to press down the inner ring part.

[0008] Optionally, the aforementioned sleeve drive includes an elastic element, which is sleeved on the aforementioned guide shaft and is used to apply an elastic force to the aforementioned second sleeve portion for pressing down the aforementioned inner ring portion.

[0009] Optionally, one of the aforementioned first ends is provided with a top head, which is located inside the aforementioned second sleeve portion and is configured to be inserted into the interior of the aforementioned piston.

[0010] Optionally, the pressing device further includes a pressing drive, which is fixed to the fixture seat. The output end of the pressing drive is provided with a pressing bracket, which is connected to the guide fixture and the first pressing head.

[0011] Optionally, the guide clamp includes a clamping drive and at least two clamping blocks, the clamping blocks being located below the first pressure head, and at least two of the clamping blocks being disposed at the output end of the clamping drive to drive the at least two of the clamping blocks to move closer to each other and clamp the outer ring portion.

[0012] Optionally, the clamping block is provided with an arc-shaped surface, which fits the shape of the outer wall of the outer ring portion.

[0013] Optionally, the aforementioned pressing drive is provided with a limiting member, the position of which is adjustable, and the limiting member is used to abut against the aforementioned pressing bracket to limit the stroke of the aforementioned pressing bracket.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a pressing device, which includes a pressing apparatus as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0015] Optionally, the pressing equipment further includes an indexing plate, a first feeding device, a second feeding device, and a unloading device; the first feeding device, the second feeding device, the pressing device, and the unloading device are sequentially arranged on the outer periphery of the indexing plate along the assembly process direction, the assembly process direction being the circumferential direction of the indexing plate; the indexing plate is provided with the clamping seat, and the indexing plate is configured to rotate around its own axis to drive the clamping seat to any one of the first feeding device, the second feeding device, the pressing device, and the unloading device; The first feeding device is used to place the piston in the fixture seat; The second feeding device is used to place the dust cover into the piston inside the fixture seat; The aforementioned pressing device is used to press the aforementioned dust cover onto the aforementioned piston; The aforementioned unloading device is used to unload the assembled calipers.

[0016] Optionally, the first feeding device includes a first conveyor belt and a first robotic arm. The first conveyor belt is used to transport the piston, and the first robotic arm is provided at the end of the first conveyor belt. The first robotic arm is used to grab the piston on the first conveyor belt and place it in the clamp seat.

[0017] Optionally, the first robotic arm includes two first feeding grippers spaced apart, and a temporary storage platform is provided between the end of the first conveyor belt and the indexing plate. One of the first feeding grippers is used to grip the piston on the first conveyor belt and place it on the temporary storage platform, while the other first feeding gripper is used to grip the piston on the temporary storage platform and place it on the fixture seat.

[0018] Optionally, the unloading device includes an unloading robot and an oiling component connected to each other. The unloading robot is used to grip the assembled caliper and drive the caliper to rotate so that the dust cover of the caliper is set downwards. The oiling component is used to apply oil to the rotated caliper.

[0019] In the embodiments of this application, the pressing device uses a clamp seat to support the piston. A first pressing head is used to press the outer ring of the dust cover, and a second pressing head is used to press the inner ring of the dust cover. Simultaneously, a guide clamp is used to hold the outer ring of the dust cover, ensuring that the dust cover remains coaxial with the piston. During the pressing process, the device actively clamps and corrects the position of the outer ring of the dust cover, thereby ensuring coaxiality between the dust cover and the piston. Since the inner ring of the dust cover and the piston have an interference fit, this coaxiality ensures a uniform distribution of pressing force, avoiding localized stress concentration that could lead to tearing or plastic deformation of the rubber parts. This significantly improves the reliability and first-pass yield of the pressing process, while also laying a good foundation for the sealing performance and service life of the subsequent calipers. The pressing device in this embodiment can automatically press the dust cover and piston, ensuring coaxiality between them during the pressing process. It can also press the inner and outer rings separately, ensuring synchronization between them during pressing, further improving the coaxiality and pressing quality of the process.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of the caliper provided according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA; Figure 3 This is an isometric view of a portion of the structure of the pressing device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a portion of the pressing device structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a top view of the pressing equipment provided according to the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is an isometric drawing of the press-fitting equipment provided according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 9 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point D.

[0023] Figure label: 1. Caliper; 11. Dust cover; 111. Outer ring; 112. Inner ring; 113. Inner ring protrusion; 12. Piston; 121. Slot; 10. Equipment frame; 100. Indexing plate; 101. First loading position; 102. Second loading position; 103. Pressing position; 104. Unloading position; 110. Positioning fixture; 200. Pressing device; 210. Guide clamp; 211. Clamping drive; 212. Clamping block; 213. Arc-shaped surface; 220. First pressure head; 221. First sleeve; 222. First connecting part; 230. Second pressure head; 231. Second sleeve; 232. Guide shaft; 233. First end; 234. Top head; 235. Guide hole; 23 6. Sleeve drive component; 240. Pressing drive component; 241. Limiting component; 250. Pressing bracket; 251. Horizontal bracket; 252. Vertical bracket; 300. Second feeding device; 310. Second conveyor belt; 311. Hopper; 320. Second robotic arm; 321. Horizontal cylinder; 322. Vertical cylinder; 323. Clamping cylinder; 324. Second feeding gripper; 400. First feeding device; 410. First conveyor belt; 420. First robotic arm; 421. First feeding gripper; 422. Temporary storage platform; 500. Unloading device; 510. Unloading robot; 521. Lateral movement cylinder; 522. Longitudinal movement cylinder; 523. Oiling assembly; 524. Rotary cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the prior art, the caliper 1 consists of a dust cover 11 and a piston 12. When pressing the dust cover 11 onto the piston 12, the assembly is generally completed manually or with the aid of equipment, making it difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the dust cover 11 and the piston 12. Since the dust cover 11 includes an outer ring 111 and an inner ring 112, and the inner ring 112 is interference-fitted with the piston 12, poor coaxiality can easily cause the inner ring 112 to get stuck at the end of the piston 12 during assembly, easily leading to damage to the dust cover 11 and a low yield rate of the assembled caliper 1. Therefore, this embodiment provides a pressing device 200 and a pressing equipment to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art. The specific structure and detailed technical solution of the pressing device 200 and the pressing equipment in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the embodiment of this application, a pressing device 200 is proposed. This pressing device 200 is used to press a dust cover 11 onto a piston 12 to form a caliper 1. The dust cover 11 includes an outer ring portion 111 and an inner ring portion 112 disposed inside the outer ring portion 111. The pressing device 200 includes a clamping seat, a guide clamp 210, a first pressing head 220, and a second pressing head 230. The clamping seat is used to support the dust cover 11 and the piston 1 to be pressed. 2. The guide clamp 210 is disposed below the first pressure head 220. The first pressure head 220 is movably connected to the clamp seat and is used to press down the outer ring portion 111. The second pressure head 230 is movably connected inside the first pressure head 220 and is used to press down the inner ring portion 112. When the first pressure head 220 presses down, the guide clamp 210 is used to clamp the outer ring portion 111 so that the dust cover 11 is coaxial with the piston 12.

[0030] In this embodiment, the pressing device 200 uses a clamp seat to support the piston 12. The first pressing head 220 presses the outer ring 111 of the dust cover 11, and the second pressing head 230 presses the inner ring 112 of the dust cover 11. Simultaneously, a guide clamp 210 clamps the outer ring 111 of the dust cover 11, ensuring that the dust cover 11 remains coaxial with the piston 12. During the pressing process, the guide clamp actively clamps and corrects the position of the outer ring 111 of the dust cover 11, thereby ensuring the coaxiality between the dust cover 11 and the piston 12. Because the inner ring of the dust cover 11 and the piston 12 are interference-fitted, the guaranteed coaxiality ensures a uniform distribution of pressing force, avoiding localized stress concentration that could lead to tearing or plastic deformation of the rubber parts. This significantly improves the reliability and first-pass yield of the pressing process, while also laying a good foundation for the sealing performance and service life of the subsequent caliper 1. The pressing device 200 in this embodiment can automatically press the dust cover 11 and the piston 12, and can ensure the coaxiality of the dust cover 11 and the piston 12 during the pressing process. At the same time, it can press the inner ring 112 and the outer ring 111 separately, ensuring that the inner ring 112 and the outer ring 111 remain synchronized during the pressing process, thereby further improving the coaxiality and pressing quality of the pressing process.

[0031] Specifically, during the pressing process of the dust cover 11, the inner ring 112 first contacts the top port of the piston 12. Then, during the pressing process, the first pressing head 220 presses the top of the outer ring 111, and the inner ring 112 is interference-fitted to the outer wall of the piston 12. The second pressing head 230 simultaneously presses the top of the inner ring 112 and overcomes the friction between the inner ring 112 and the piston 12. During the pressing process, the inner ring protrusion 113 at the bottom of the inner ring 112 gradually approaches and engages with the groove 121 on the outer wall of the piston 12. At this time, the structure of the inner ring protrusion 113 and the groove 121 is perfectly matched, and the inner ring protrusion 113 will collide with the groove 121 and make a sound, which can be regarded as the pressing is completed. Then the pressing device 200 can be stopped and reset. This will not be described in detail here.

[0032] Optionally, the first pressing head 220 includes a first sleeve portion 221 and a first connecting portion 222. The first sleeve portion 221 is connected to the bottom wall of the first connecting portion 222, and the second pressing head 230 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sleeve portion 221. The bottom end of the first sleeve portion 221 is used to press down on the outer ring portion 111. The first sleeve portion 221, as the execution end that directly acts on the outer ring portion 111 of the dust cover 11, determines the pressure position of the outer ring portion 111 with its bottom end face. The second pressing head 230 is accommodated and guided within it, thus clarifying that the pressing path of the inner ring portion 112 is restricted within the pressing path of the outer ring portion 111, establishing the correlation between the pressing actions of the inner and outer rings.

[0033] During the pressing process, when the first sleeve portion 221 presses down on the outer ring portion 111, the slidingly connected second pressing head 230 can maintain its relative position or follow the pressing down, but will never deviate from the center reference set by the first sleeve portion 221. This means that even if there are slight misalignments between the inner and outer rings of the dust cover 11 due to manufacturing tolerances, this structure can ensure that the pressing head of the inner ring portion 112 always uses the actual geometric center of the outer ring portion 111 as a reference for pressing. This design treats and processes the dust cover 11 as a whole, using the easy-to-clamp and position structure of the outer ring portion 111 to guide and protect the pressing of the inner ring portion 112, effectively avoiding the risk of jamming or damage caused by the amplification of the inner ring portion 112's own deviation during the pressing process.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the second pressure head 230 includes a guide shaft 232 and a second sleeve portion 231. The second sleeve portion 231 has a guide hole 235. The guide shaft 232 includes two opposing first ends 233. One of the two first ends 233 is connected to the bottom wall of the first connecting portion 222, and the other is inserted into the guide hole 235. The outer wall of the second sleeve portion 231 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sleeve portion 221. The bottom end of the second sleeve portion 231 is used to press down the inner ring portion 112. The two ends of the guide shaft 232 are fixed to the first connecting part 222 and the guide hole 235 inserted into the second sleeve part 231, respectively, forming a rigid guide rod spanning the internal space of the first pressure head 220. The second sleeve part 231, through the cooperation of its guide hole 235 with the guide shaft 232, obtains a more direct and smaller axial guiding constraint in addition to sliding along the inner wall of the first sleeve part 221. This sets up a dual guiding mechanism for the pressing action of the inner ring part 112. The first layer is the cooperation between the outer wall of the second sleeve part 231 and the inner wall of the first sleeve part 221, which constrains large radial displacement. The second layer is the cooperation between the guide hole 235 and the guide shaft 232, which further eliminates possible small oscillations and ensures the linear accuracy of the movement.

[0035] This design ensures that the driving force applied to the second sleeve portion 231 for pressing the inner ring portion 112 is strictly limited to the direction of movement along the axis of the guide shaft 232. The movement path is more clearly defined, avoiding deviation of the movement direction due to structural gaps or flexibility. This ensures that the second press head 230 maintains a fixed movement direction under the action of the pressing driving force, greatly improving the stability and accuracy of the pressing process.

[0036] Optionally, a sleeve drive member 236 is provided on the bottom wall of the first connecting part 222. The output end of the sleeve drive member 236 is connected to the second sleeve part 231 to drive the second sleeve part 231 to press down the inner ring part 112. The fit between the outer ring part 111 of the dust cover 11 and the piston 12, and the fit between the inner ring part 112 and the piston 12, may have different interference fits, contact areas, and material properties. Therefore, the required optimal pressing force and pressing speed may also differ. If a single drive source is used to press the inner and outer rings simultaneously, it is difficult to balance the process parameters for both, which may easily lead to one side being improperly pressed or the other side being over-pressurized and damaged.

[0037] In this design, the sleeve drive 236 is specifically used to drive the second sleeve section 231 to press the inner ring section 112, allowing the operator or control system to independently set its pressure, stroke, or speed curves. The sleeve drive 236 can be a motor or cylinder controlled by a controller, and can be set with a smaller initial pressure and a slower speed to accommodate the softer rubber of the inner ring section 112, which requires gentle pressing. For the outer ring section 111, different parameters can be set by controlling the downward drive 240 of the first pressure head 220. This independent control capability gives the pressing device 200 extremely high process flexibility and adaptability, enabling it to find the optimal pressing strategy for a specific model of dust cover 11 through parameter optimization. This not only protects the parts but also further ensures the uniformity of assembly quality, meeting the needs of modern flexible production.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, the aforementioned sleeve drive component 236 includes an elastic element, which is sleeved on the aforementioned guide shaft 232. The elastic element is used to apply an elastic force to the aforementioned second sleeve portion 231 to press down the aforementioned inner ring portion 112. Upon initial contact, the elastic element is only slightly compressed, providing a small initial pressure. This force is sufficient to guide the inner ring portion 112 to begin embedding and centering, but not enough to cause damage. As the first pressure head 220 continues to press down, the inner ring portion 112 is pressed deeper, and the elastic element is further compressed. The pressure it provides also increases smoothly and linearly, perfectly matching the characteristic that the pressure required for an interference fit increases with the pressing depth. This characteristic of the elastic element not only adapts to the delicate pressing process and avoids impact loads, but also, especially for dust covers 11 with complex shapes or sensitive materials, maximizes the protection of their structural integrity and significantly reduces hidden damage caused by improper control of the pressing force.

[0039] Meanwhile, the elastic element has a simple structure. Compared with expensive motors or cylinders, it can not only provide a smooth pressing driving force, but also has a simple structure and low cost, which can reduce manufacturing costs.

[0040] Optionally, one of the aforementioned first ends 233 is provided with a top head 234, which is located inside the aforementioned second sleeve portion 231 and is configured to be inserted into the interior of the aforementioned piston 12. First, the top head 234 is inserted into the inner hole of the piston 12 before the press-fitting begins, which is equivalent to establishing a precision reference inside the piston 12 that is fixedly connected to the axis of the press-fitting device 200. The axis of the top head 234, the axis of the piston 12, and the movement axes of the first press head 220 and the second press head 230 are highly coaxial, so that the dust cover 11 is aligned and press-fitted with this reference axis, and its accuracy is much higher than that of relying solely on the fit between the outer circle of the piston 12 and the fixture seat. Second, the top head 234 provides support for the inner hole of the piston 12, especially when the press-fitting force is applied to the end face of the piston 12 through the dust cover 11, it can prevent the piston 12 from undergoing slight tilting or downward elastic deformation due to force.

[0041] The stability of piston 12 is a prerequisite for ensuring coaxiality. The supporting function of mandrel 234 ensures that piston 12 maintains absolute stability in position and orientation throughout the press-fitting process, eliminating assembly errors caused by piston 12 wobbling. Specifically, the diameter of mandrel 234 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of piston 12, which will not be elaborated here.

[0042] Optionally, the pressing device 200 further includes a pressing drive 240, which is fixed to the fixture seat. A pressing bracket 250 is provided at the output end of the pressing drive 240, and the pressing bracket 250 is connected to the guide clamp 210 and the first pressing head 220. In this solution, with each downward command of the pressing drive 240, the guide clamp 210 can reach the position to clamp the outer ring portion 111 and perform the step of clamping the outer ring portion 111. Furthermore, the first pressing head 220 and the second pressing head 230 press the dust cover under the drive of the pressing drive 240. During the pressing process, the guide clamp 210 can always clamp the dust cover 11 as it moves downward, ensuring coaxiality during the pressing process.

[0043] Meanwhile, since the first pressing head 220 and the guide clamp 210 can be mechanically connected through the lower pressing bracket 250, their relative positions are precisely fixed during design and manufacturing. This ensures that whenever the guide clamp 210 can clamp the outer ring 111, the first pressing head 220 will also be in the optimal starting pressing position directly above, ensuring coaxiality during the pressing process. At the same time, it reduces the positioning process of the first pressing head 220 and improves work efficiency.

[0044] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 3 and Figure 4The aforementioned guide clamp 210 includes a clamping drive member 211 and at least two clamping blocks 212. The clamping blocks 212 are located below the first pressure head 220, and at least two clamping blocks 212 are disposed at the output end of the clamping drive member 211 to drive the at least two clamping blocks 212 to move closer to each other and clamp the outer ring portion 111. In this embodiment, two clamping blocks 212 are provided. When not in use, the two clamping blocks 212 are on the same straight line. When it is necessary to clamp the outer ring portion 111, the clamping drive member 211 drives the two clamping blocks 212 to move closer to each other and rotate 90° to achieve clamping of the outer ring portion 111.

[0045] Under the action of the clamping drive 211, multiple clamping blocks 212 move synchronously from the periphery to the center. The closing process is a process of squeezing the outer ring 111 of the dust cover 11 towards the center. No matter which side the dust cover 11 initially leans to, it will eventually be forced to the closing center by the clamping blocks 212. This center is aligned with the axis of the piston 12. This dynamic correction capability of the clamping process relaxes the stringent requirements for feeding accuracy. At the same time, the actively controllable clamping force can ensure that the dust cover 11 is firmly fixed to prevent slippage during pressing, and the excessive clamping force caused by the setting of the force value of the clamping drive 211 can be avoided.

[0046] Optionally, the clamping block 212 is provided with an arc-shaped surface 213, which conforms to the shape of the outer wall of the outer ring portion 111. If the clamping block 212 adopts a planar structure, the contact pressure will be very high under the same clamping force, easily leaving indentations on the soft rubber or polymer outer ring surface of the dust cover 11, or even causing localized permanent material compression deformation. The full circumferential conformity of the arc-shaped surface 213 allows the clamping force to be evenly distributed throughout the contact area, achieving surface contact and significantly reducing the contact pressure, thereby perfectly protecting the appearance and structure of the dust cover 11. In addition, the large-area and shape-matched contact provides greater static friction, enabling more reliable anti-slip fixation with less normal pressure.

[0047] Meanwhile, the wrapping fit between the arc-shaped surface 213 and the outer wall shape of the outer ring 111 forms a uniform radial constraint on the outer ring of the dust cover 11, effectively preventing elliptical deformation or out-of-roundness that may occur during the pressing process, ensuring the stability of the geometric shape of the outer ring 111. The shape stability of the outer ring 111 is the basis for maintaining its accuracy as the pressing guide reference for the inner ring 112, improving the coaxiality of the pressing process, and improving the stability of the pressing and the quality of the final product.

[0048] like Figure 4As shown, the aforementioned pressing drive 240 is provided with a limiting member 241. The position of the limiting member 241 is adjustable. The limiting member 241 is used to abut against the aforementioned pressing bracket 250 to limit the stroke of the pressing bracket 250. Specifically, the pressing bracket includes a horizontal bracket 251 and a vertical bracket 252. The pressing drive 240 is a linear cylinder. The vertical bracket 252 is fixed to the output end of the pressing drive 240. The horizontal bracket 251 is vertically connected to the top of the vertical bracket 252. The aforementioned first pressing head 220 and guide clamp 210 are provided on the horizontal bracket 251. During the process of the pressing drive 240 driving the pressing bracket 250 to move downward, the bottom of the vertical bracket 252 can abut against the limiting member 241 on the pressing drive 240 at the end of the stroke, avoiding excessive compression of the dust cover 11 and preventing the inner ring protrusion 113 of the inner ring portion 112 from dislodging from the groove 121 of the piston 12, thereby improving the quality of the pressing product.

[0049] Furthermore, the aforementioned limiting component 241 is a bolt threaded to the pressing drive component 240. By tightening the bolt, the extension height of the limiting component 241, i.e., the position of the limiting component 241, can be adjusted. The dust cover 11 is pressed onto the piston 12 with specific axial position requirements. If pressed too shallowly, it may lead to poor sealing and easy detachment; if pressed too deeply, it may over-compress the rubber, generating excessive pre-stress, affecting the seal life or causing the caliper 1 to malfunction. The adjustable bolt can forcefully stop the pressing action, and its accuracy and repeatability are far superior to electrical control that relies on sensor position feedback. The operator can adjust the position of the limiting component 241 in advance using tools according to the product drawings, so as to achieve different pressing depths in batches and repeatedly. This mechanical limiting method has strong anti-interference ability and is not affected by factors such as control system delays and hydraulic and air pressure fluctuations, ensuring the consistency of assembly dimensions for each product. At the same time, the adjustable design allows the same equipment to quickly adapt to different models of caliper 1 products with different pressing depth requirements, improving the versatility of the equipment and the efficiency of production line switching.

[0050] like Figure 5As shown in the figure, this application provides a pressing device, which includes a pressing apparatus 200 as described in any of the above embodiments. This pressing device has all the beneficial effects of the pressing apparatus 200 described in any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here. Specifically, the pressing device 200 of the pressing equipment uses a clamp seat to support the piston 12. The first pressing head 220 is used to press the outer ring 111 of the dust cover 11, and the second pressing head 230 is used to press the inner ring 112 of the dust cover 11. During the pressing process, the guide clamp 210 is used to clamp the outer ring 111 of the dust cover 11, so that the dust cover 11 always remains coaxial with the piston 12. During the pressing process, the position of the outer ring 111 of the dust cover 11 is actively clamped and corrected, thereby ensuring the coaxiality between the dust cover 11 and the piston 12. Since the inner ring of the dust cover 11 and the piston 12 are interference fit, the coaxiality ensures that the pressing force is evenly distributed, avoiding the tearing or plastic deformation of the rubber parts caused by local stress concentration. This significantly improves the reliability and first-pass yield of the pressing process, and at the same time lays a good foundation for the sealing performance and service life of the caliper 1.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the pressing equipment further includes an indexing plate 100, a first feeding device 400, a second feeding device 300, and a discharging device 500; the first feeding device 400, the second feeding device 300, the pressing device 200, and the discharging device 500 are sequentially arranged on the outer periphery of the indexing plate 100 along the assembly process direction, which is the circumferential direction of the indexing plate 100; the indexing plate 100 is provided with the clamping seat, and the indexing plate 100 is configured to rotate around its own axis to drive the aforementioned... The clamp seat moves to any one of the first feeding device 400, the second feeding device 300, the pressing device 200, and the unloading device 500; the first feeding device 400 is used to place the piston 12 in the clamp seat; the second feeding device 300 is used to place the dust cover 11 in the clamp seat and place it in the piston 12; the pressing device 200 is used to press the dust cover 11 onto the piston 12; and the unloading device 500 is used to unload the assembled caliper 1. The intermittent rotation of the indexing plate 100 decomposes the assembly process into a series of stations arranged sequentially on the circumference and operating simultaneously, such as the first feeding station 101, the second feeding station 102, the pressing station 103, and the unloading station 104, forming a continuous production cycle.

[0052] The high precision and reliability of this pressing equipment ensure that the pressing station 103 can complete its operation successfully in every cycle, avoiding downtime due to rework or debugging. The precise positioning of the indexing plate 100 combined with the precise operation of the pressing device 200 enables high-speed cyclic production. This layout frees workers from repetitive and meticulous assembly operations, allowing them to focus on monitoring, maintenance, and material loading / unloading preparation, achieving optimal human-machine efficiency. The entire system uses the indexing plate 100 as a metronome, with each functional module working collaboratively, allowing the technical benefits of the pressing device 200 to be fully realized in large-scale production, significantly reducing the average assembly time and cost per unit.

[0053] In this embodiment, four fixture seats are provided, corresponding to the first loading position 101, the second loading position 102, the pressing position 103 and the unloading position 104, respectively. This ensures that when the indexing plate 100 rotates, each station can independently perform its related work without jamming, thus improving the cycle time and production efficiency.

[0054] The clamp seat is detachably connected to the indexing plate 100. The clamp seat can be replaced with one that meets the size and model requirements of the piston 12 as needed, for positioning and fixing the piston 12, resulting in better fixing effect.

[0055] Optionally, such as Figure 7 As shown, the first feeding device 400 includes a first conveyor belt 410 and a first robotic arm 420. The first conveyor belt 410 is used to transport the piston 12, and the first robotic arm 420 is provided at the end of the first conveyor belt 410. The first robotic arm 420 is used to grab the piston 12 on the first conveyor belt 410 and place it in the fixture seat. The first feeding device 400 realizes the automated and rhythmic supply of piston 12 through the combination of the first conveyor belt 410 and the first robotic arm 420. The first conveyor belt 410 is responsible for continuously and directionally conveying piston 12 from the previous process or the material box to the vicinity of the first feeding position 101, solving the problem of batch material handling. The first robotic arm 420 at the end of the first conveyor belt 410 acts as a transfer mechanism connecting the first conveyor belt 410 and the fixture seat. The system can efficiently and precisely identify and pick up the piston 12 on the first conveyor belt 410, then smoothly and accurately place it into the fixture seat on the indexing plate 100, ensuring that the placement posture meets the requirements. This automated process eliminates the randomness, fatigue errors, and potential damage to parts caused by manual handling, providing piston 12 workpieces with consistent status and accurate positioning for subsequent precision pressing. Stable feeding is a prerequisite for high-quality assembly; this design ensures that the pressing station 103 can continuously obtain qualified work-in-process, thereby maintaining the stable and smooth operation of the entire production line.

[0056] Furthermore, the first conveyor belt 410 is a plate chain feeding structure, which will not be described in detail here. An inductive sensor is provided at the end of the first conveyor belt 410 to detect whether the piston 12 has moved to the position at the end of the first conveyor belt 410. If the piston 12 moves to the position at the end of the first conveyor belt 410, the first robotic arm 420 will perform the gripping action, which will not be described in detail here.

[0057] Compared to ordinary belts or roller conveyors, plate chain conveyors, with their metal plate chain links, offer higher rigidity, flatness, and operational stability on their working surfaces. For metal parts like piston 12, which have precise outer diameters and end faces, the plate chain structure provides smooth, slip-free support and transport, effectively preventing parts from rolling, tilting, or colliding during transport due to belt flexibility or slippage. This ensures that piston 12 is transported to its final gripping position in a consistent and stable posture. This lays a crucial physical foundation for the subsequent precise gripping by the robotic arm.

[0058] The introduction of inductive sensors enables intelligent connection and precise triggering between material feeding and gripping execution. Sensors (such as photoelectric sensors or proximity switches) continuously monitor a designated position at the end of the conveyor belt. Only when piston 12 is accurately delivered to this preset position and detected by the sensor will the system issue a "permit gripping" or "execute gripping" command to the first robotic arm 420, solving the error problems that may exist in traditional time control or simple position estimation. For example, if the position of piston 12 is estimated solely based on the conveyor belt running time, the actual position of piston 12 will deviate from the expected position if slippage or load changes cause slight speed adjustments, resulting in the first robotic arm 420 missing its grip or causing a collision. The sensor triggering mechanism of this solution ensures that the gripping action is only initiated when piston 12 has physically reached the correct position, greatly improving the success rate and reliability of the gripping action.

[0059] Optionally, the first robotic arm 420 includes two spaced-apart first loading grippers 421. A temporary storage platform 422 is provided between the end of the first conveyor belt 410 and the indexing plate 100. One of the first loading grippers 421 is used to grip the piston 12 on the first conveyor belt 410 and place it on the temporary storage platform 422, while the other first loading gripper 421 is used to grip the piston 12 on the temporary storage platform 422 and place it on the fixture seat. In this embodiment, the two first loading grippers 421 are driven by a cylinder or motor to move vertically and horizontally, and the first loading gripper 421 is an outwardly expanding gripper structure driven by a cylinder. In this design, one first loading gripper 421 is dedicated to picking up the piston 12 from the conveyor belt and transferring it to the temporary storage platform 422, while the other first loading gripper 421 is dedicated to picking up the piston 12 from the temporary storage platform 422 and transferring it to the fixture seat. When one first loading gripper 421 is performing a task that requires waiting for the indexing plate 100 to be positioned, the other first loading gripper 421 can simultaneously perform a relatively independent task of picking up material from the conveyor belt and transferring it to the temporary storage platform 422. The temporary storage platform 422 acts as a buffer transfer station, enabling the synchronous operation sequence of the two first loading grippers 421. This parallel assembly line design significantly increases the overall piston 12 loading cycle time, effectively shortens the idle waiting time, and allows the loading speed to perfectly match the cycle time requirements of the indexing plate 100 rotation and pressing process, ensuring maximum equipment capacity.

[0060] Furthermore, the inductive sensor, in conjunction with the two first loading grippers 421 and the temporary storage platform 422, forms a perfect synergy. The inductive sensor ensures the precise positioning of the piston 12 supplied to the temporary storage platform 422, providing a stable input for the pick-and-place operation of the first loading gripper 421; while the precisely triggered gripping ensures that the posture and position of the piston 12 on the temporary storage platform 422 meet the gripping requirements of the second gripper. It not only prevents equipment downtime or part damage due to incorrect loading, but also ensures that each piston 12 entering the pressing position 103 is in the expected state, providing a high-quality guarantee for the high-precision pressing process in the downstream stage, thereby improving the continuity, stability, and final product assembly quality consistency of the entire automated production line from the source.

[0061] like Figure 8As shown, similarly, the second feeding device 300 includes a second conveyor belt 310 and a second robot arm 320. The second conveyor belt 310 is used to transport the piston 12, and the second robot arm 320 is located at the end of the second conveyor belt 310. The second robot arm 320 is used to grab the dust cover 11 on the second conveyor belt 310 and place it on the piston 12 on the fixture seat. The second conveyor belt 310 is responsible for orderly conveying the dust cover 11 to the end position to be grabbed, forming a stable supply rhythm. The second robot arm 320 acts as the execution end, completing the key action from grabbing from the conveyor belt to accurately placing it on top of the piston 12. This modular design with clear division of labor allows the feeding process of the dust cover 11 to be optimized independently without interference from other workstations. Automatically placing the dust cover 11 on top of the already positioned piston 12 completes the initial alignment before assembly. This is not only a simple material transfer, but also a prerequisite for the precise alignment of the guide fixture 210 in the subsequent pressing process. If the dust cover 11 is placed with excessive deviation, even if the guide clamp 210 has a correction capability, it may exceed its travel range or increase the difficulty of correction. Therefore, this device achieves preliminary, repeatable, and accurate placement through an automated robotic arm, significantly reducing the initial position error, alleviating the correction burden of the subsequent pressing position 103, improving the overall system's operational reliability and cycle stability, and laying a solid foundation for the final high-quality pressing.

[0062] Furthermore, the starting end of the second conveyor belt 310 is connected to the hopper 311, which takes the dust cover 11 out of the hopper 311 and transports it to the second robot arm 320. The second robot arm 320 specifically includes a horizontal cylinder 321, a vertical cylinder 322, a clamping cylinder 323, and a second loading gripper 324. The horizontal cylinder 321 drives the vertical cylinder 322 to move along the conveying direction of the second conveyor belt 310, so that the dust cover 11 is close to the clamp seat. The vertical cylinder 322 drives the clamping cylinder 323 to move in the vertical direction, so that the dust cover 11 is placed on the top of the piston 12 from top to bottom. The clamping cylinder 323 is used to control the state of the second loading gripper 324 to realize the clamping and releasing of the dust cover 11, thus realizing the loading of the dust cover 11. First, the second conveyor belt 310 is connected to the hopper 311 at its starting end, which enables batch and automatic feeding of the dust cover 11. Operators only need to replenish parts to the hopper 311 periodically to maintain the production line's continuous operation for a long time, which greatly reduces the frequency of manual intervention and improves equipment efficiency and production automation.

[0063] Secondly, the second robotic arm 320 employs a combination of a horizontal cylinder 321, a vertical cylinder 322, and a clamping cylinder 323, representing a simple and reliable multi-degree-of-freedom Cartesian coordinate robot solution. Its advantages lie in motion decomposition and precise control: the horizontal cylinder 321 is responsible for the reciprocating motion along the conveyor belt direction (usually towards the gripper), its function being to achieve the horizontal positioning of the dust cover 11 from the end of the conveyor belt to directly above the piston 12. The vertical cylinder 322 is responsible for the vertical lifting motion, its core function being to place the dust cover 11; by controlling the descent speed, it can prevent a hard impact between the dust cover 11 and the piston 12. The clamping cylinder 323 is dedicated to driving the opening and closing of the second loading gripper 324, directly controlling the clamping force, which is crucial for soft, easily deformable rubber parts like the dust cover 11. By adjusting the air pressure, a clamping force that can reliably grasp the part without causing deformation can be precisely set.

[0064] The sequence of these three cylinders can be programmed to form an optimized gripping and placing path: the gripper clamps the dust cover 11 at the end of the conveyor belt → the horizontal cylinder 321 extends, transporting the dust cover 11 directly above the piston 12 → the vertical cylinder 322 slowly descends, bringing the dust cover 11 close to the piston 12 → the clamping cylinder 323 releases, and the dust cover 11, by gravity or slight pressure, rests on top of the piston 12 → the vertical cylinder 322 lifts, and the horizontal cylinder 321 retracts. This path planning separates long-distance movement from precise placement, avoiding the shaking that may be caused by complex trajectories. The entire structure has good rigidity, fast response, and relatively low cost, and is particularly suitable for workpieces like the dust cover 11 that have high requirements for placement posture and force, achieving flexible and precise loading operations, perfectly matching the high-precision requirements of the rear pressing device 200.

[0065] like Figure 9As shown, the unloading device 500 includes an unloading robot 510 and an oiling component 523 connected to each other. The unloading robot 510 is used to grip the assembled caliper 1 and rotate the caliper 1 so that the dust cover 11 of the caliper 1 faces downwards. The oiling component 523 is used to apply oil to the rotated caliper 1. The unloading device 500 integrates the unloading robot 510 and the oiling component 523, and designs the robot to adjust its posture, realizing an automated closed loop for key post-assembly processing steps. In the traditional process, the press-fitted caliper 1 may need to be transferred to another station or manually oiled for corrosion protection, increasing the handling and secondary positioning steps. In this solution, after the unloading robot 510 completes the gripping, it actively rotates the caliper 1 to a position where the dust cover 11 faces downwards. This facilitates the observation of the press-fitting quality and, more importantly, prepares for subsequent oiling. The oiling component 523 then automatically sprays oil onto the exposed dust cover 11 lip, piston 12 end face, and other parts that require lubrication. This integrated design seamlessly connects the two closely related processes of pressing and oiling, completing them within the same production cycle. It not only reduces material handling, lowers the risk of damage, and saves production line space, but more importantly, through precise robot positioning, it ensures consistency in oiling position, quantity, and uniformity, avoiding the randomness of manual oiling, further improving product quality and achieving a highly efficient production model.

[0066] Furthermore, the unloading robot 510 is connected to the equipment frame 10 via a rotary cylinder 524. The rotary cylinder 524 drives the unloading robot 510 to rotate. The equipment frame 10 is also connected to a transverse cylinder 521 and a longitudinal cylinder 522. The transverse cylinder 521 drives the longitudinal cylinder 522 to move left and right, and the longitudinal cylinder 522 drives the oiling component 523 to move up and down, so that the oiling component 523 approaches and applies oil to the caliper 1.

[0067] The rotary cylinder 524 drives the unloading robot 510 to rotate as a whole. Its function is to realize the rapid and precise angle conversion of the clamp 1 from the gripping posture of the pressing position 103 to the oiling posture with the dust cover 11 facing down. The rotary cylinder 524 can usually achieve a fixed angle rotation through mechanical stops. It has the characteristics of compact structure, accurate positioning and rapid response, and is very suitable for this kind of fixed angle flipping operation.

[0068] The transverse cylinder 521 and the longitudinal cylinder 522 form a classic two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate motion platform, specifically responsible for the precise alignment of the oiling assembly 523 relative to the positioned caliper 1. The transverse cylinder 521 moves left and right to adjust the lateral relative position of the oiling assembly 523 and the caliper 1, ensuring alignment with the area requiring oiling. The longitudinal cylinder 522 moves up and down, its core function being to control the distance between the nozzle and the oiling area. This distance parameter is crucial: too far a distance results in spray dispersion, uneven oiling, and waste; too close a distance may cause interference or localized over-coating. Through the precise raising and lowering of the longitudinal cylinder 522, the nozzle can always be controlled at the optimal working distance.

[0069] This multi-cylinder combined drive scheme, compared to the scheme using a servo motor with a lead screw or linear module, offers significant cost advantages, ease of maintenance, and environmental adaptability while meeting the accuracy and speed requirements of this process. Cylinders, as mature pneumatic components, are simple in structure, have a low failure rate, are easy to maintain, and are powered by compressed air, possessing inherent advantages such as fire resistance, explosion protection, and cleanliness, making them ideal for work environments where oil mist may be present. Through reasonable solenoid valve control, the sequential actions of several cylinders can reliably reproduce the complete oiling process of positioning, approach, spraying, and resetting, ensuring that each caliper 1 receives consistent oiling treatment. The entire drive mechanism is directly connected to the rigid equipment frame 10, ensuring overall stability during movement and avoiding vibration or positioning drift caused by excessively long cantilever arms or insufficient support. This effectively controls equipment manufacturing and maintenance costs while ensuring oiling quality and improving process consistency, achieving the optimal balance between accuracy, reliability, and economy.

[0070] Furthermore, the aforementioned pressing equipment can coordinate the movement of various devices and components through a control module. The control module controls the indexing plate 100 to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the clamp seat to move to any one of the first feeding device 400, the second feeding device 300, the pressing device 200, and the unloading device 500. The control module can also control the first feeding device 400 to place the piston 12 in the clamp seat, control the second feeding device 300 to place the dust cover 11 in the clamp seat and the piston 12, and control the pressing device 200 to press the dust cover 11 onto the piston 12. Finally, the unloading device 500 unloads the assembled caliper 1.

[0071] The control module can be implemented wholly or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented wholly or partially as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, they generate, in whole or in part, the flow or function according to embodiments of this disclosure. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a server, data center, or other data storage device that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state disk (SSD)).

[0072] The following details the working process of the pressing equipment and pressing device 200: First, the entire process begins with system initialization and material preparation. After the equipment is started, the indexing plate 100 is reset, and its multiple circumferentially distributed clamp seats are precisely aligned with the surrounding workstations. Pistons 12 are placed in batches at the starting end of the first conveyor belt 410 (plate chain type), while dust covers 11 are stored in a dedicated silo 311 connected to the second conveyor belt 310, preparing for continuous production.

[0073] When the cycle begins, an empty fixture seat rotates with the indexing plate 100 to the first loading station. At this time, the first conveyor belt 410 has smoothly transported the piston 12 to the end, and the inductive sensor detects that the piston 12 has arrived and triggers a signal. The first robotic arm 420 then moves, and its two spaced-apart first loading grippers 421 work together: one first loading gripper 421 grabs the piston 12 from the conveyor belt and moves it to the temporary storage platform 422, while the other first loading gripper 421 picks up the part from the temporary storage platform 422, finally placing the piston 12 precisely in the positioning structure of the fixture seat. After loading is completed, the indexing plate 100 immediately rotates, sending the fixture seat carrying the piston 12 to the second loading station.

[0074] At the second loading station, the second conveyor belt 310 has transported the dust cover 11 from the hopper 311 to the end. The second robotic arm 320 begins its operation: its second loading gripper 324 first grabs the dust cover 11, then the horizontal cylinder 321 drives the second loading gripper 324 to move directly above the piston 12, and the vertical cylinder 322 then controls the second loading gripper 324 to descend, gently and initially placing the dust cover 11 onto the top of the piston 12, completing the initial positioning and assembly. After placement, the indexing plate 100 rotates again, sending the stacked piston 12 and dust cover 11 assembly to the pressing position 103.

[0075] Upon entering the pressing position 103, the pressing device 200 begins operation. The pressing drive 240 drives the entire pressing bracket 250 downwards, and the guide clamp 210 fixed on the pressing bracket 250 contacts the workpiece first. Its clamping drive 211 actuates, causing multiple clamping blocks 212 with arc-shaped surfaces 213 to grip the outer ring 111 of the dust cover 11 from all sides. This process actively corrects any initial eccentricity that may exist in the dust cover 11, forcing its outer ring axis to align with the piston 12 axis. Subsequently, the pressing action continues, and the bottom end of the first sleeve portion 221 of the first pressing head 220 begins to press down on the outer ring of the dust cover 11, pressing it along the outer circle of the piston 12. The continuous clamping of the guide clamp 210 ensures the coaxiality of the pressing trajectory.

[0076] Simultaneously, the second pressure head 230, located inside the first pressure head 220, begins relative movement under the drive of the elastic element. Its top head 234 first inserts into the inner hole of the piston 12 to provide an internal reference. Subsequently, the elastic force is smoothly applied to the inner ring portion 112 of the dust cover 11 through the second sleeve portion 231, achieving a gentle and gradual interference fit press-in. Throughout the entire pressing process, the second pressure head 230 always moves along a precision guide path to ensure that the inner ring pressing force is strictly along the axial direction.

[0077] Specifically, during the pressing process of the dust cover 11, the inner ring 112 first contacts the top port of the piston 12. Then, during the pressing process, the first pressing head 220 presses the top of the outer ring 111, and the inner ring 112 is interference-fitted to the outer wall of the piston 12. The second pressing head 230 simultaneously presses the top of the inner ring 112 and overcomes the friction between the inner ring 112 and the piston 12. During the pressing process, the inner ring protrusion 113 at the bottom of the inner ring 112 gradually approaches and engages with the groove 121 on the outer wall of the piston 12. At this time, the structure of the inner ring protrusion 113 and the groove 121 is just right, and the inner ring protrusion 113 will collide with the groove 121 and make a sound, which can be regarded as the pressing is completed.

[0078] When the pressing bracket 250 touches the preset adjustable limit member 241, the pressing depth reaches the precise value. Then the pressing unit rises and resets as a whole, the guide clamp 210 is released, and a caliper 1 assembly with extremely high coaxiality is assembled.

[0079] Finally, the indexing plate 100 rotates the assembled caliper 1 to the unloading and oiling station. The unloading robot 510 grips the caliper 1 and is driven by the rotary cylinder 524 to rotate it so that the dust cover 11 faces downwards. Immediately afterwards, the two-dimensional positioning platform composed of the transverse cylinder 521 and the longitudinal cylinder 522 drives the oiling component 523 to move precisely, so that the oil nozzle reaches the optimal working position and performs quantitative spraying on the dust cover 11 and other parts. After the oiling is completed, the oiling component 523 retracts, and the finished caliper 1 is removed by the robot or manually and transported to the next process. Then, all devices are reset, and the empty fixture seat continues to rotate with the indexing plate 100, returning to the first loading station to start the next production cycle.

[0080] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0081] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0082] Other configurations of the embodiments of this application, such as ... and ..., and operations, are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0083] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0084] The present invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A press-fitting device for press-fitting a dust cover (11) to a piston (12) to constitute a caliper (1), the dust cover (11) including an outer ring portion (111) and an inner ring portion (112) provided inside the outer ring portion (111), characterized by, The pressing device (200) comprises a clamp seat (110), a guide clamp (210), a first pressing head (220) and a second pressing head (230); the clamp seat (110) is used for carrying the dust cover (11) and the piston (12) to be pressed; the guide clamp (210) is arranged below the first pressing head (220); the first pressing head (220) is movably connected to the clamp seat (110) and is used for pressing the outer ring part (111); and the second pressing head (230) is movably connected to the first pressing head (220) and is used for pressing the inner ring part (112). When the first pressing head (110) is pressed, the guide clamp (210) is used for clamping the outer ring part (111), so that the dust cover (11) and the piston (12) are coaxial.

2. The press device of claim 1, wherein The first pressing head (220) comprises a first sleeve part (221) and a first connecting part (222); the first sleeve part (221) is connected to the bottom wall of the first connecting part (222); the second pressing head (230) is movably connected to the inner wall of the first sleeve part (221); and the bottom end of the first sleeve part (221) is used for pressing the outer ring part (111).

3. The press device of claim 2, wherein, The second pressing head (230) comprises a guide shaft (232) and a second sleeve part (231); the second sleeve part (231) is provided with a guide hole (235); the guide shaft (232) comprises two first ends (233) which are opposite to each other; one of the two first ends (233) is connected to the bottom wall of the first connecting part (222); the other is inserted into the guide hole (235); the outer wall of the second sleeve part (231) is movably connected to the inner wall of the first sleeve part (221); and the bottom end of the second sleeve part (231) is used for pressing the inner ring part (112).

4. The press device of claim 3, wherein The bottom wall of the first connecting part (222) is provided with a sleeve driving element (236); the output end of the sleeve driving element (236) is connected with the second sleeve part (231) to drive the second sleeve part (231) to press the inner ring part (112).

5. The press device of claim 4, wherein, The sleeve driving element (236) comprises an elastic element; the elastic element is sleeved on the guide shaft (232); and the elastic element is used for applying an elastic force to the second sleeve part (231) to press the inner ring part (112).

6. The press device of claim 3, wherein The other first end (233) is provided with a top head (234); the top head (234) is located in the second sleeve part (231); and the top head (234) is configured to be inserted into the inside of the piston (12).

7. The press device of claim 1, wherein The pressing device (200) further comprises a pressing driving element (240); the pressing driving element (240) is fixed to the clamp seat (110); the output end of the pressing driving element (240) is provided with a pressing support (250); and the pressing support (250) is connected with the guide clamp (210) and the first pressing head (220).

8. The press device of claim 7, wherein, The guide clamp (210) comprises a clamping driving element (211) and at least two clamping blocks (212), the clamping blocks (212) are located below the first pressing head (220), and the at least two clamping blocks (212) are arranged at the output end of the clamping driving element (211) to drive the at least two clamping blocks (212) to approach each other and clamp the outer ring part (111).

9. The press device of claim 8, wherein, The clamping block (212) is provided with an arc surface (213) which is matched with the shape of the outer wall of the outer ring part (111).

10. The press device of claim 7, wherein, The lower pressing driving element (240) is provided with a limiting element (241), the position of the limiting element (241) is adjustably arranged, and the limiting element (241) is used for abutting against the lower pressing support (250) to limit the stroke of the lower pressing support (250).

11. A press fitting apparatus characterized by comprising: The press fitting device (200) comprises the press fitting device (200) according to any one of claims 1-10.

12. The press device of claim 11, wherein, The press fitting device further comprises an indexing disc (100), a first feeding device (400), a second feeding device (300) and a discharging device (500); the first feeding device (400), the second feeding device (300), the press fitting device (200) and the discharging device (500) are sequentially arranged on the outer periphery of the indexing disc (100) along an assembly process direction, the assembly process direction is the circumferential direction of the indexing disc (100); the indexing disc (100) is provided with the clamp seat (110), and the indexing disc (100) is configured to rotate around its own axis to drive the clamp seat (110) to move to any one of the first feeding device (400), the second feeding device (300), the press fitting device (200) and the discharging device (500); The first feeding device (400) is used for placing the piston (12) on the clamp seat (110); The second feeding device (300) is used for placing the dust cover (11) on the piston (12) in the clamp seat (110); The press fitting device (200) is used for press fitting the dust cover (11) to the piston (12); The discharging device (500) is used for discharging the assembled caliper (1).

13. The press device of claim 12, wherein, The first feeding device (400) comprises a first conveying belt (410) and a first mechanical hand (420), the first conveying belt (410) is used for transporting the piston (12), and the end of the first conveying belt (410) is provided with the first mechanical hand (420), the first mechanical hand (420) is used for grabbing the piston (12) on the first conveying belt (410) and placing it on the clamp seat (110).

14. The press device of claim 13, wherein, The first mechanical arm (420) comprises two first feeding clamps (421) arranged at intervals, and a temporary storage platform (422) is arranged between the end of the first conveying belt (410) and the index plate (100), one of the first feeding clamps (421) is used for clamping the piston (12) on the first conveying belt (410) and placing it on the temporary storage platform (422), and the other first feeding clamp (421) is used for clamping the piston (12) on the temporary storage platform (422) and placing it on the clamp seat (110).

15. The press fitting apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein The discharging device (500) comprises a discharging robot (510) and an oiling assembly (523) connected to each other, the discharging robot (510) is used for clamping the assembled caliper (1) and rotating the caliper (1) to make the dust cover (11) of the caliper (1) arranged downward, and the oiling assembly (523) is used for oiling the rotated caliper (1).

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