Upper and lower multi-pressure-head servo press for gearbox shell

Abstract

The invention discloses an upper and lower multi-pressure-head servo press for a gearbox shell, and relates to the technical field of automobile part assembly equipment. The servo press-fitting module comprises a servo electric cylinder and a press-fitting mechanism and is used for realizing up-down bidirectional press-fitting of 10 kinds of pressure heads with different specifications; the positioning displacement module comprises an X-direction servo driving mechanism and a Y-direction servo driving mechanism, and a servo electric cylinder covers each press-fitting position through double-shaft linkage of the X-direction servo driving mechanism and the Y-direction servo driving mechanism; the control system module is used for coordinating and controlling the action sequence and motion parameters of the servo electric cylinder, the X-direction servo driving mechanism, the Y-direction servo driving mechanism and the press fitting mechanism; and a safety protection module. A single servo electric cylinder and X / Y double-axis displacement structure is adopted, and matched with a special pressure head capable of avoiding, so that up-down bidirectional press fitting of ten parts is realized, the equipment structure is simplified by 40%, the acquisition cost is reduced by 30%, and meanwhile, the maintenance links are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts assembly equipment technology, and in particular to a multi-head servo press for gearbox housings, specifically a servo control device for automated and high-precision press-fitting of various types of parts such as bearings, oil seals, and observation windows for the 0NYV-06010Z-3000 (self-priming M), 0NYV-06010Z-4000 (turbocharged L), and 0NYV-06010Z-5100 (turbocharged P) series housings. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing of automotive powertrain components, the 0NYV series gearbox housing, as a core load-bearing and sealing component, directly determines the transmission efficiency, sealing performance, and service life of the powertrain by the assembly quality of 10 precision components, including bearings, oil seals, and intake pipes. The assembly of these components must meet the requirements of "multi-position, multi-directional, and high precision." During the press-fitting process, pressure (error ≤ ±1%), stroke, and assembly sequence must be strictly controlled to avoid problems such as component deformation, assembly misalignment, and seal failure. The mainstream technical approaches in the current automotive parts press-fitting field can be divided into three categories: First, traditional manual-assisted press-fitting, which relies on the operator's experience to position the workpiece and control the force. This is not only labor-intensive but also results in poor assembly consistency, with a defect rate of over 5%, and a single machine cycle time generally exceeding 120 seconds. Second, single-axis pneumatic / hydraulic press-fitting equipment, although partially automated, has low pressure control accuracy (error ±5%~±8%), lacks real-time force and displacement monitoring, and cannot identify problems such as jamming or abnormal interference during press-fitting. It can only perform press-fitting in one direction, and multiple adjustments of the workpiece are required for multi-position assembly, making the process cumbersome. Third, existing multi-axis press-fitting equipment often uses multiple servo electric cylinders to correspond to different press-fitting positions. This equipment is costly, structurally complex, and prone to interference between press heads. It cannot accommodate the flexible assembly of multiple housing models, and the space for manual loading is limited, resulting in insufficient operational safety and convenience.

[0003] As the automotive manufacturing industry transforms towards "high precision, high cycle time, and low cost", the market demand for customized press-fitting equipment for specific series of housings is becoming increasingly urgent, and it is necessary to solve the shortcomings of existing equipment in terms of multi-component compatibility, press-fitting accuracy, efficiency, and safety. According to the search, the most advanced technology in this field is the "Automotive Transmission Housing Multi-Component Servo Press-fitting Machine". This equipment is mainly used for the press-fitting of bearings and bushings of transmission housings. Its core implementation method includes: (1) Main components: adopts a gantry frame structure, equipped with two Z-axis servo electric cylinders as press-fitting actuators, supplemented by a single X-axis positioning slide. The control system consists of a PLC, a touch screen, and basic pressure sensors. Safety protection is only equipped with a simple fence and two-hand buttons, without grating protection and real-time curve monitoring function. (2) Applicable scenarios and performance: only compatible with two fixed models of transmission housings, can press-fit 3~4 types of parts, press-fitting pressure range of 3~8 tons, stroke accuracy ±0.02mm, equipment cycle time of about 90~110s / piece, the press-fitting process only records the final pressure value, without full force displacement curve traceability. (3) Operation process: The parts are installed to the corresponding pressure head in batches by the manual, and then the workpiece is fixed on the worktable. After pressing the start button, the two servo electric cylinders complete the pressing of the parts in the same direction in turn. After pressing, the workpiece direction is adjusted manually and the operation is repeated to complete the assembly on the other side. (4) Core problems: Redundancy of pressing mechanism: Multiple servo electric cylinders increase equipment cost and maintenance difficulty. The fixed layout of the pressure head cannot be compatible with the different pressing position requirements of multiple models of shells; Insufficient multi-directional assembly capability: Only single-direction pressing can be achieved. The upper and lower double position assembly requires manual flipping of the workpiece, which is easy to cause positioning deviation and prolong the cycle time; Poor operation convenience and safety: The frame opening height is insufficient, and manual feeding is easy to interfere. There is no grating protection, which cannot effectively avoid safety accidents caused by misoperation; Lack of quality control: There is no real-time force displacement curve monitoring and abnormal alarm. It is impossible to detect jamming, skew and other problems in the pressing process in time. The risk of defective products flowing out is high; Low efficiency: There are many manual auxiliary links and the cycle time exceeds 90s, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems of poor compatibility, insufficient multi-directional assembly capability, low precision and efficiency, poor safety and lack of quality control in existing press-fitting equipment, this invention discloses a multi-head servo press for gearbox housings, with the following specific objectives: (1) To enable a single servo electric cylinder to complete the upper and lower bidirectional press-fitting of 10 types of parts, simplifying the structure and reducing costs, while being compatible with the assembly requirements of 3 types of 0NYV series housings; (2) To solve the problem of press head interference by using X / Y axis servo displacement and independent lifting design of the press head, improving the convenience of manual feeding and reducing the equipment cycle time to within 70 seconds; (3) To integrate real-time monitoring of force displacement curve and abnormal alarm function, controlling the press-fitting pressure accuracy within ±1%, and reducing the defect rate; (4) To improve the safety protection system by using a combination design of fence, light grid, two-hand buttons and three-color alarm lights to prevent operational safety accidents; (5) To optimize the four-column frame structure, while ensuring that the opening height meets the requirements of manual feeding, to improve the overall rigidity to withstand the press-fitting reaction force and ensure stable operation of the equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A multi-head servo press for gearbox housings includes:

[0007] The basic support module provides the foundation for the entire device;

[0008] The servo press-fit module, including a servo electric cylinder and a press-fit mechanism, is used to achieve bidirectional press-fitting of 10 different sizes of press heads.

[0009] The positioning and displacement module includes an X-axis servo drive mechanism and a Y-axis servo drive mechanism. Through the dual-axis linkage of the X-axis servo drive mechanism and the Y-axis servo drive mechanism, the servo electric cylinder covers all pressing positions.

[0010] The control system module is used to coordinate the action sequence and motion parameters of the servo electric cylinder, the X-axis servo drive mechanism and the Y-axis servo drive mechanism, and the pressing mechanism.

[0011] Safety protection module is used to improve production safety.

[0012] Optionally, the basic support module is a four-column frame, which is a support frame consisting of four vertical columns connecting an upper crossbeam and a lower base. The columns and the upper crossbeam are fixed by bolts. An X-axis servo drive mechanism is fixedly installed on the upper crossbeam. A worktable is fixed on the upper surface of the lower base. A Y-axis servo drive mechanism and a guide rail are installed on the worktable. Two buttons are provided on the side of the worktable facing the operator. A pneumatic control box is installed on the lower base. Several leveling feet are installed at the bottom of the lower base.

[0013] Optionally, the servo electric cylinder is mounted on the transverse sliding plate, and guide columns are installed on both sides of the servo electric cylinder. The X-axis servo drive mechanism drives the transverse sliding plate to move along the guide rail. The transverse sliding plate is provided with a through hole, through which the servo electric cylinder passes and connects to the pressing mechanism.

[0014] Optionally, the pressing mechanism includes a longitudinally moving top plate, a pressing head slide plate, a housing floating seat, and a base plate connected through guide columns. The longitudinally moving top plate is a frame-shaped hollow plate with mounting holes at both ends for mounting drive components. The output end of the drive component is connected to the pressing head slide plate. The pressing head slide plate slides up and down along the guide columns under the drive of the drive component. Several elastic support components are installed on the upper surface of the pressing head slide plate, and an upper pressing head assembly is installed on the lower surface of the pressing head slide plate. Each pressing head of the upper pressing head assembly is connected to an elastic support component. A lower pressing head assembly and a positioning mechanism for positioning the housing are installed on the upper surface of the housing floating seat. A clearance component and a support component are installed between the housing floating seat and the base plate. A slider is installed on the lower surface of the base plate. The slider is adapted to the guide rail on the worktable and drives the pressing mechanism to reciprocate along the Y-axis under the drive of the Y-axis servo drive mechanism.

[0015] Optionally, the elastic support includes a spring and a guide shaft. The guide shaft extends through the middle hollow area of ​​the longitudinal top plate towards the servo cylinder. The spring is sleeved on the guide shaft, with the upper end of the spring abutting against the pressure rod block and the lower end abutting against the pressure head slide plate. The guide shaft has grooves on both sides, and the guide shaft is mechanically locked to the grooves by bolts to prevent rotation.

[0016] Optionally, the upper pressure head assembly includes:

[0017] The observation window pressure head assembly includes a pressure head sleeve, a pressure head, a connecting rod, a pressure head seat, a spring, and a displacement assembly. The upper end of the pressure head seat is connected to the displacement assembly, and the lower end of the pressure head seat is connected to the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is connected to the pressure head. A magnet for attracting the observation window to be pressed is embedded in the working end face of the pressure head. The pressure head sleeve is a sleeve-shaped structure and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the pressure head. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod. The displacement assembly is used to drive the observation window pressure head assembly to slide.

[0018] The right box rolling bearing 6205 pressure head assembly includes a bearing pressure sleeve, a connecting rod, a spring, and a pressure head seat. The pressure head seat is connected to the bearing pressure sleeve. The bearing pressure sleeve has an installation cavity inside. A spring positioning component is installed at the top of the installation cavity. The spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve is a pressing surface adapted to the bearing to be pressed. An elastic plunger is embedded on the side of the lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve.

[0019] The rolling bearing 6207 has a pressure head assembly, which includes a bearing sleeve, a bearing pressure block, a connecting rod, a pressure head seat, and a spring. The lower end of the pressure head seat is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the bearing pressure block. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and the bearing is sleeved on the outside of the bearing pressure block. Several spring plungers are installed on the lower part of the bearing sleeve, and the bearing pressure block is provided with anti-misalignment protrusions.

[0020] The pressure head of rolling bearing 6306 is mounted in the same way as the pressure head of rolling bearing 6207.

[0021] The rolling bearing 6306 pressure head assembly includes a pressure head seat, a spring, a spring positioning element, a connecting rod, and a bearing pressure sleeve. The pressure head seat and the bearing pressure sleeve are connected. The bearing pressure sleeve has an installation cavity inside. A spring positioning element is installed at the top of the installation cavity. The spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve is a pressing surface adapted to the bearing to be pressed. An elastic plunger is embedded on the side of the lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve. A floating guide pin is assembled in the area of ​​the bearing pressure sleeve below the elastic plunger.

[0022] The tapered roller bearing 32910 has a pressure head assembly, which includes a bearing sleeve, a bearing block, a bearing outer ring, and a magnet. The lower end of the bearing sleeve is the bearing block, which is attracted to the bearing outer ring by the magnet. The bearing block has a conical surface and fits in close to the bearing outer ring.

[0023] The lower pressure head assembly includes:

[0024] The right housing oil seal pressure head assembly includes an oil seal pressure head, a connecting shaft, a pressure head sleeve, and a clearance component. The oil seal pressure head is mounted on the top of the pressure head sleeve. The oil seal pressure head is connected to the connecting shaft, and the clearance component is sleeved on the pressure head sleeve.

[0025] The right air intake manifold press head assembly includes a support base, an air pipe seat, a drive component, and a floating head. The support base is fixed on the base plate, and the air pipe seat is installed on the support base. The support base is vertically installed on the support base. One end of the floating head is connected to the output end of the drive component, and the other end is fixedly installed on the side of the air pipe seat. The air pipe seat slides along the support base under the drive of the drive component.

[0026] The bottom oil seal press-fitting mechanism includes an oil seal seat, a support seat, a drive component, a floating head, and a support base. The support base is mounted on a base plate, the oil seal seat is mounted on top of the support seat, one end of the floating head is connected to the output end of the drive component, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the side of the support seat.

[0027] The right housing needle roller bearing pressure head assembly includes a bearing pressure head seat, a connecting shaft, a bearing pressure sleeve, and a clearance assembly. The bearing pressure head seat is assembled at the top of the inner cavity of the bearing pressure sleeve. The bearing pressure head seat is connected to the connecting shaft, and the clearance assembly is sleeved on the bearing pressure sleeve.

[0028] Optionally, in the right housing oil seal pressure head assembly and the right housing needle roller bearing pressure head assembly, the avoidance component includes a driving component, an insert, an insert head, and an insert sleeve. The driving component is detachably fixed to the fixing plate, and the other end of the fixing plate is positioned and fastened to the end of the insert sleeve. The insert sleeve includes insert sleeve one and insert sleeve two, both of which are hollow elongated sleeve structures. Insert sleeve one and insert sleeve two are located on both sides of the pressure head sleeve and are arranged coaxially, forming a through sliding channel inside. An inclined groove is provided at the intersection of the connecting shaft and insert sleeve one and insert sleeve two. The insert is a wedge-shaped block. A connecting component is installed at the end of the insert near the driving component, and the end of the insert away from the driving component is the insert head. The insert is engaged in the inclined groove. Under the drive of the driving component, the insert slides back and forth along the sliding channel.

[0029] Optionally, the right intake manifold pressure head assembly also includes a limiting mechanism, which includes a support frame, a buffer, a limiting cap, and a bolt. The support frame is mounted on the base plate and erected above the drive unit. The buffer is fixed on the support frame. The limiting cap is mounted on the buffer at one end near the support seat. The bolt is fixed on the support seat and cooperates with the limiting cap.

[0030] Optionally, the support assembly includes a left support mechanism, a middle support mechanism, and a right support mechanism, wherein,

[0031] The left support mechanism includes a left pressure-resistant cylinder, a pressure-resistant block one, a pressure-resistant block two, and a support base. The pressure-resistant block one is installed on the lower surface of the floating seat of the housing, and the pressure-resistant block two is slidably installed on the support base. The output shaft of the left pressure-resistant cylinder is fixedly connected to the support base to drive the pressure-resistant block two to slide with the pressure-resistant block one.

[0032] The intermediate support mechanism includes two symmetrical support modules. Each support module includes a support block, a driving component, a wedge block, and a support base. The support base is mounted on the workbench, and the support block is mounted on the lower surface of the base plate. The lower surface of the support block is provided with a first inclined surface, and the wedge block is provided with a second inclined surface that cooperates with the first inclined surface. The output end of the driving component is fixedly connected to the support base to drive the wedge block to slide and connect with the support block.

[0033] The right support mechanism is a support cylinder, which is mounted on the base plate and its output end is connected to the floating seat of the housing.

[0034] Optionally, the safety protection module is a safety fence, which is installed on the outer perimeter of the uprights, upper beams, and workbench. The safety fence is equipped with alarm lights, an HMI control cabinet, a force-displacement curve monitoring screen, and a light grid.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0036] 1. Core Innovation Points

[0037] (1) Innovation of single cylinder multi-position press fitting: Breaking through the traditional design of multiple cylinders corresponding to multiple positions, the "single servo electric cylinder + X / Y dual axis displacement" structure is adopted. With the help of a special press head that can avoid obstacles, the upper and lower bidirectional press fitting of 10 kinds of parts is realized. The equipment structure is simplified by 40%, the purchase cost is reduced by 30%, and the maintenance links are reduced.

[0038] (2) Separate design of press head and electric cylinder: The press head mechanism lifts and lowers independently, which not only solves the problem of interference from manual feeding, but also reduces the effective pressing stroke of the servo electric cylinder from 400mm to the actual requirement of 200mm, increasing the pressing efficiency by 25%. The modular design of the press head facilitates quick replacement, and the program switching can be completed in only 5 seconds to adapt to 3 types of housings.

[0039] (3) Frame structure with a balance between rigidity and compatibility: The four-column frame optimizes the opening height and material selection, while meeting the convenience of manual loading, and the maximum deformation of the 10-ton pressing reaction force is ≤0.05mm, which is 50% more rigid than the traditional gantry frame, ensuring stable pressing accuracy.

[0040] (4) Full-process quality control system: It integrates real-time force-displacement curve monitoring and abnormal alarm, and can automatically identify 8 abnormal situations such as pressing jamming and skew. The defect rate is reduced from more than 5% of the existing technology to less than 0.3%, and the data is traceable, meeting the IATF16949 quality system requirements of the automotive industry.

[0041] (5) Compatible press fitting of coaxial parts: The same press head is used for the upper and lower bearings of the housing. When pressing the upper bearing, the lower bearing seat can automatically extend and retract to avoid it, ensuring that the same bearing is not pressed repeatedly.

[0042] 2. Significantly beneficial effects

[0043] (1) Efficiency improvement: The equipment cycle time is stably controlled at 70s / piece, which is 28%~36% more efficient than the existing multi-axis press machine (90~110s / piece). Based on an 8-hour workday, the daily output can be increased from 210 units to 320 units, meeting the needs of large-scale production.

[0044] (2) Improved accuracy and quality: Pressure control accuracy reaches ±0.5%FS, stroke repeatability accuracy is ±0.01mm, component assembly coaxiality is ≤0.03mm, and the pass rate of sealing performance test is increased from 92% to 99.7%, reducing after-sales repair costs.

[0045] (3) Improved operational safety and convenience: The four-fold protection of fully enclosed fence + light grid + two-hand buttons + three-color alarm light achieves the goal of "zero safety accidents"; the independent lifting of the pressure head and the large opening frame design shorten the manual feeding operation time by 30% and reduce labor intensity.

[0046] (4) Cost savings: The single-cylinder design reduces equipment procurement and maintenance costs, and the reduced defect rate reduces material waste. Based on an annual production of 100,000 housings, the annual comprehensive cost savings are approximately RMB 1.2 million.

[0047] (5) Strong compatibility: Through program calls, it can quickly adapt to the three models of the 0NYV series shells without changing the main structure of the equipment, meeting the needs of multi-variety and large-volume production, and increasing the equipment utilization rate to more than 85% (approximately 60% for existing equipment). Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-head servo press for a gearbox housing according to the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 A side view of a multi-head servo press for a gearbox housing;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a four-column frame structure;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a servo-driven cylinder structure.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a safety fence structure;

[0053] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structure for the press-fitting mechanism;

[0054] Figure 7 This is the main view of the press-fitting mechanism;

[0055] Figure 8 To observe the sectional view of the pressure head of the observation window and the AA direction;

[0056] Figure 9 Install a displacement assembly for the pressure head of the observation window;

[0057] Figure 10 A schematic diagram and a sectional view along line AA of the pressure head assembly structure of the right box rolling bearing 6205.

[0058] Figure 11 A three-dimensional structure is installed on the pressure head of the rolling bearing 6207;

[0059] Figure 12 A schematic diagram and a sectional view along the AA direction of the pressure head assembly structure of the rolling bearing 6207;

[0060] Figure 13 A schematic diagram and a cross-sectional view along line AA of the pressure head assembly structure for a 6306 rolling bearing;

[0061] Figure 14A schematic diagram and a sectional view along line AA of the press head assembly structure of tapered roller bearing 32910;

[0062] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the right-side oil seal pressure head assembly;

[0063] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the right housing oil seal pressure head assembly structure;

[0064] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0065] Figure 18 A sectional view of the right air intake manifold head assembly and AA direction;

[0066] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bottom oil seal press-fitting mechanism;

[0067] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the right housing needle roller bearing press head assembly structure and a sectional view along direction AA.

[0068] In the diagram, 100 is the four-column frame; 110 is the upper crossbeam; 120 is the column; 130 is the lower base; 140 is the workbench; 150 is the button; 160 is the button box bracket; 170 is the leveling foot; and 180 is the pneumatic control box.

[0069] 210. Servo electric cylinder; 211. Lateral sliding plate; 220. Pressing mechanism; 221. Upper press head assembly; 222. Lower press head assembly; 223. Longitudinal top plate; 224. Press head slide plate; 2241. Press rod block; 2242. Guide shaft; 2243. Spring; 225. Guide column; 226. Floating housing seat; 227. Base plate; 228. Housing; 229. Slider; 230. Guide rail; 2311. Press head seat; 2312. Press head sleeve; 2313. Magnet; 2314. Press head; 2315. Connecting rod; 23161. Guide rail pad; 23162. Displacement slide plate; 23163. Groove; 23164. Buffer; 23165. Buffer seat; 23166. Hard limit component; 23167. Bolt; 232 1. Bearing sleeve; 2322. Spring positioning component; 2323. Elastic plunger; 2331. Anti-misalignment protrusion; 2341. Bearing positioning rod; 2342. Floating guide pin; 2351. Oil seal pressure head; 2352. Inclined groove; 2353. Insert bar; 2354. Insert bar head; 2355. Insert bar sleeve one; 2356. Insert bar sleeve two; 2361. Support base; 2362. Air pipe seat; 2363. Support frame; 2371. Oil seal seat; 2372. Floating head; 2381. Left pressure-resistant cylinder; 2382. Pressure-resistant block one; 2383. Pressure-resistant block two; 2384. Support seat; 2385. Support block; 2386. Wedge block; 2387. Support cylinder; 2391. Bearing outer ring; 2392. Bearing pressure sleeve; 2393. Bearing pressure block;

[0070] 310. X-axis servo drive mechanism; 311. Drive component; 312. Lead screw; 313. Nut seat; 314. Connecting plate; 320. Y-axis servo drive mechanism;

[0071] 410. HMI control cabinet; 420. Force-displacement curve monitoring screen;

[0072] 500. Safety fence; 510. Alarm light; 520. Light curtain; 530. Maintenance door. Detailed Implementation

[0073] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to represent selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] A multi-head servo press for gearbox housings, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes:

[0075] The basic support module provides the foundation for the entire device;

[0076] The servo press-fit module includes a servo electric cylinder 210 and a press-fit mechanism 220, which is used to achieve bidirectional press-fitting of 10 different sizes of press heads.

[0077] The positioning and displacement module includes an X-axis servo drive mechanism 310 and a Y-axis servo drive mechanism 320. Through the dual-axis linkage of the X-axis servo drive mechanism 310 and the Y-axis servo drive mechanism 320, the servo electric cylinder 210 covers each pressing position.

[0078] The control system module is used to coordinate the action sequence and motion parameters of the servo electric cylinder 210, the X-axis servo drive mechanism 310 and the Y-axis servo drive mechanism 320, and the pressing mechanism 220.

[0079] Safety protection module is used to improve production safety.

[0080] This equipment adopts a core structure of "four-column frame + X / Y dual-axis servo positioning + single servo electric cylinder actuation," enabling precise pressing of 10 types of parts at different positions on the upper and lower parts of the 0NYV series housing, specifically 0NYV-06010Z-3000 (self-priming M), 0NYV-06010Z-4000 (boosted L), and 0NYV-06010Z-5100 (boosted P). The equipment consists of five parts: a basic support module, a servo pressing module, a positioning and displacement module, a control system module, and a safety protection module. These modules work together to complete the entire process from manual loading to automatic pressing.

[0081] like Figure 3As shown, the basic support module is a four-column frame 100, which is a support frame formed by four vertical columns 120 connecting the upper crossbeam 110 and the lower base 130. The columns 120 and the upper crossbeam 110 are fixed by bolts. An X-axis servo drive mechanism 310 is fixedly installed on the upper crossbeam 110. A worktable 140 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower base 130. A Y-axis servo drive mechanism 320 and a guide rail are installed on the worktable 140. Two buttons 150 are provided on the side of the worktable 140 facing the operator. An air control box 180 is installed on the lower base 130. Several leveling feet 170 are installed at the bottom of the lower base 130.

[0082] In some embodiments of this application, a four-column frame structure forged from No. 45 steel is used, with column diameters of 60mm and upper crossbeam 110 thickness of 50mm, pre-tightened and fixed by high-strength bolts. This frame needs to accommodate the pressing of various components while also allowing for clearance during manual loading. Therefore, by increasing the opening height, it can withstand the back pressure during pressing, ensuring overall structural stability. The frame opening height is designed to be 400mm to meet the clearance requirements during manual loading. Simultaneously, the rigid connection between the upper crossbeam 110, lower base 130, and column 120 can fully withstand the reaction force generated by a 10-ton pressing force. Finite element analysis shows that the maximum deformation of the frame during pressing is ≤0.05mm, ensuring that the pressing accuracy is not affected by structural deformation. The bottom of the frame is equipped with leveling feet 170, which can adjust the level according to the workshop floor conditions to ensure stable equipment operation.

[0083] In some embodiments of this application, button 150 is mounted on the side of workbench 140 via button box bracket 1600.

[0084] like Figure 4 As shown, the servo cylinder 210 is mounted on the transverse sliding plate 211. Guide columns are mounted on both sides of the servo cylinder 210, and sliders are mounted on both sides of the transverse sliding plate 211. Guide rails are adapted on the sliders. The X-axis servo drive mechanism 310 includes a drive component 311, a lead screw 312, a nut seat 313, and a connecting plate 314. The drive component 311 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer through a coupling. The output end of the reducer is connected to one end of the lead screw 312 through a transmission seat. The lead screw 312 is equipped with a nut seat 313, and the nut seat 313 is connected to the connecting plate. 314 is fixed, and the driving component 311 drives the lead screw 312 to rotate so as to drive the nut seat 313 sleeved on the lead screw 312 and the connecting plate 314 fixedly connected to the nut seat 313 to move along the X-axis. The other end of the connecting plate 314 is fixed on the transverse sliding plate 211. The linear power output by the X-axis servo drive mechanism 310 is transmitted to the transverse sliding plate 211 through the connecting plate 314, driving it to move along the guide rail. The transverse sliding plate 211 is provided with a through hole, and the servo electric cylinder 210 passes through the through hole and is connected to the pressing mechanism 220.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, the pressing of 10 parts is completed using a single servo cylinder. The servo cylinder moves along the X-axis, and the pressing mechanism as a whole moves along the Y-axis, capable of pressing all pressing heads within the equipment's range. The servo cylinder 210 is an AC servo cylinder with a rated pressure of 5 tons and a stroke of 200 mm, equipped with an absolute encoder and a high-precision force sensor. Its pressure control accuracy is ±0.5%FS, and its stroke repeatability is ±0.01 mm. It can collect force and displacement data during the pressing process in real time and transmit it to the control system. The independent pressing head mechanism consists of 10 dedicated pressing heads, corresponding to components such as oil seals, needle roller bearings, air inlet pipes, and observation windows. The pressing heads are made of Cr12MoV material and have undergone quenching treatment, achieving a hardness of HRC58~62 to ensure wear resistance. The pressing head mechanism is controlled by an independent lifting cylinder with a lifting stroke of 200 mm. It rises to avoid obstacles during manual loading and lowers to the working position during pressing, reducing the ineffective stroke of the servo cylinder and improving efficiency. The 10 pressure heads adopt a modular layout and achieve automatic avoidance through guide sliders and spring mechanisms, ensuring that each pressing position can obtain stable reaction force and avoid pressing deviation.

[0086] In some embodiments of this application, the X-axis servo drive mechanism adopts a ball screw slide structure with an effective stroke of 790mm, driven by a servo motor, and has a positioning accuracy of ±0.02mm. It moves the servo electric cylinder along the X-axis to achieve switching between different X-axis pressing positions. The Y-axis servo drive mechanism also adopts a ball screw slide with an effective stroke of 860mm and a positioning accuracy of ±0.02mm, moving the entire servo pressing module (servo electric cylinder + pressing mechanism) along the Y-axis. Through X / Y dual-axis linkage, the servo electric cylinder can cover all pressing positions within the equipment range, meeting the assembly needs of different areas on the upper and lower parts of the housing. The workpiece positioning adopts a floating seat structure, which can automatically compensate for minor deviations in workpiece placement, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.03mm.

[0087] like Figure 6-7As shown, the pressing mechanism 220 includes a longitudinally moving top plate 223, a pressing head slide plate 224, a housing floating seat 226, and a base plate 227, all connected by a guide post 225. The longitudinally moving top plate 223 is a frame-shaped hollow plate with mounting holes at both ends. The mounting holes are used to install driving components, and the output end of the driving component is connected to the pressing head slide plate 224. The pressing head slide plate 224 slides up and down along the guide post 225 under the drive of the driving component. Several elastic support components are installed on the upper surface of the pressing head slide plate 224. The elastic support components include a spring 2243 and a guide shaft 2242. The guide shaft 2242 extends through the middle hollow area of ​​the longitudinally moving top plate 223 towards the servo cylinder 210. The spring 2243 is sleeved on the guide shaft 2242. The upper end of the spring 2243 abuts against the pressing rod block 2241, and the lower end abuts against the pressing head slide plate 224, so that the pressing rod block moves elastically when the press is working. The support member can float under the guidance of the support member, and after the pressing is completed, the pressure bar block 2241 can return to the initial position under the action of the spring 2243 for the next installation. The guide shaft 2242 has grooves 23163 on both sides, and the guide shaft 2242 is mechanically locked to the grooves 23163 by bolts to prevent the guide shaft 2242 from rotating. The upper pressure head assembly 221 is installed on the lower surface of the pressure head slide plate 224. Each pressure head of the upper pressure head assembly 221 is connected to the elastic support member. The lower pressure head assembly 222 and the positioning mechanism for positioning the housing 228 are installed on the upper surface of the housing floating seat 226. The avoidance component and the support component are installed between the housing floating seat 226 and the base plate 227. The slider 229 is installed on the lower surface of the base plate 227. The slider 229 is adapted to the guide rail 230 on the worktable 140. Under the drive of the Y-axis servo drive mechanism 320, the pressing mechanism 220 is driven to slide back and forth along the Y-axis.

[0088] The upper pressure head assembly 221 includes a pressure head assembly with an observation window, a pressure head assembly with a right box rolling bearing 6205, a pressure head assembly with an upper rolling bearing 6207, a pressure head assembly with a rolling bearing 6306 (first assembly), a pressure head assembly with a rolling bearing 6306 (second assembly), and a pressure head assembly with a tapered roller bearing 32910, as detailed below:

[0089] like Figure 8-9As shown, the observation window pressure head assembly includes a pressure head sleeve 2312, a pressure head 2314, a connecting rod 2315, a magnet 2313, a pressure head seat 2311, a spring, and a displacement assembly. The upper end of the pressure head seat 2311 is connected to the displacement assembly, and the lower end of the pressure head seat 2311 is connected to the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is connected to the pressure head 2314. A magnet 2313 for attracting the observation window to be pressed is embedded in the working end face of the pressure head 2314. The pressure head sleeve 2312 is a sleeve-shaped structure, coaxially sleeved on the outside of the pressure head 2314, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod. One end abuts against the lower end face of the pressure head seat 2311, and the other end abuts against the upper end face of the pressure head sleeve 2312; the displacement assembly includes a driving component, a guide rail pad 23161, and a displacement slide plate 23162. The guide rail pad 23161 is fixed on the side of the pressure head slide plate 224, and a guide rail is fixedly connected to the other end face of the guide rail pad 23161. The slider that cooperates with the guide rail is installed on the displacement slide plate 23162. The displacement slide plate 23162 is connected to the output end of the driving component. Under the drive of the driving component, the observation window pressure head mount slides along the guide rail pad 23161.

[0090] In some embodiments of this application, the displacement assembly further includes a limiting mechanism, which includes a buffer 23164 with a limiting cap, a buffer seat 23165, a rigid limiting member 23166, and bolts 23167 installed on both sides of the displacement slide plate. The buffer seat 23165 is fixed to the lower surface of the pressure head slide plate seat 224 and located on both sides of the displacement slide plate 23162. The buffer 23164 and the rigid limiting member 23166 are installed on the buffer seat 23165. The rigid limiting member 23166 cooperates with the bolts 23167. When the drive unit is running, the buffer 23164 first buffers the displacement slide plate 23162, and then the rigid limiting member 23166 collides with the bolts 23167 to limit the movement. It should be noted that the rigid limiting member and the bolts are precision parts, which can effectively ensure the limiting accuracy.

[0091] In some embodiments of this application, the rigid limiting member 23166 is a bolt.

[0092] like Figure 10 As shown, the right housing rolling bearing 6205 pressure head assembly includes a bearing sleeve 2321, a connecting rod, a spring, and a pressure head seat. The pressure head seat and the bearing sleeve 2321 are connected. The bearing sleeve 2321 has an installation cavity inside. A spring positioning element 2322 is installed at the top of the installation cavity. The spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The upper end of the spring abuts against the spring positioning element 2322, and the lower end abuts against the bearing positioning rod. The lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve is a pressing surface adapted to the bearing to be pressed. An elastic plunger 2323 is embedded on the side of the lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve.

[0093] like Figure 11-12As shown, the pressing head of the rolling bearing 6207 includes a bearing sleeve, a bearing pressing block, a connecting rod, a pressing head seat, and a spring. The lower end of the pressing head seat is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the bearing pressing block. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, with one end abutting against the lower end face of the pressing head seat and the other end abutting against the upper end face of the bearing pressing block. The bearing is sleeved on the outside of the bearing pressing block. Several spring plungers are installed at the lower part of the bearing sleeve to fix the bearing to be pressed.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, the bearing pressure block is provided with anti-misalignment protrusions 2331.

[0095] The pressure head of rolling bearing 6306 is mounted in the same way as the pressure head of rolling bearing 6207.

[0096] like Figure 13 As shown, the rolling bearing 6306 press head assembly includes a press head seat, a spring, a spring positioning element, a connecting rod, and a bearing press sleeve. The press head seat and the bearing press sleeve are connected. The bearing press sleeve has an installation cavity inside. A spring positioning element is installed at the top of the installation cavity. The spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The upper end of the spring abuts against the spring positioning element, and the lower end abuts against the bearing positioning rod 2341 to buffer the impact force during the press-fitting process. The lower end of the bearing positioning rod 2341 slides with the bearing press sleeve to transmit the press-fitting force and achieve buffering adjustment with the spring deformation. The lower end of the bearing press sleeve is a press-fitting action surface adapted to the bearing to be press-fitted. An elastic plunger is embedded on the side of the lower end of the bearing press sleeve to help limit the circumferential position of the bearing to be press-fitted. A floating guide pin 2342 is assembled in the area of ​​the bearing press sleeve below the elastic plunger for pre-positioning and preventing pressure deviation.

[0097] like Figure 14 As shown, the lower end of the bearing sleeve 2392 is the bearing block 2393. The bearing block 2393 and the bearing outer ring 2391 are attracted by a magnet. The bearing block 2393 has a conical surface and fits into the bearing outer ring 2391. The bearing outer ring 2391 is manually placed on the bearing block 2393. The conical surface of the bearing block 2393 can automatically align the bearing outer ring 2391, and the magnet attracts the bearing outer ring 2391.

[0098] The lower pressure head assembly includes a right housing oil seal pressure head assembly, a right housing intake pipe pressure head assembly, a bottom oil seal pressure mechanism, and a right housing needle roller bearing pressure head assembly, as detailed below:

[0099] like Figure 15-17As shown, the right housing oil seal pressure head assembly includes an oil seal pressure head 2351, a connecting shaft, a pressure head sleeve, and a clearance assembly. The oil seal pressure head 2351 is mounted on the top of the pressure head sleeve and is connected to the connecting shaft. The clearance assembly includes a driving component, an insert 2353, an insert head 2354, and an insert sleeve. The driving component is detachably fixed to the fixing plate, and the other end of the fixing plate is positioned and fastened to the end of the insert sleeve. The insert sleeve includes insert sleeve one 2355 and insert sleeve two 2356. Both insert sleeve one 2355 and insert sleeve two 2356 are hollow elongated sleeve structures, and insert sleeve one 2355 and insert sleeve two 2356 are located on both sides of the pressure head sleeve, forming a... The components are coaxially arranged, forming a through sliding channel inside. A slanted groove 2352 is provided at the intersection of the connecting shaft and insert sleeve 1 2355 and insert sleeve 2356. Insert 2353 is a wedge-shaped block. A connector is installed at the end of insert 2353 near the driving component, and the end of insert 2353 away from the driving component is the insert head 2354. Insert 2353 is engaged in the slanted groove 2352. Driven by the driving component, insert 2353 slides back and forth along the sliding channel. When insert 2353 approaches the driving component, the pressure head descends under the drive of insert 2353. When insert 2353 moves away from the driving component, the pressure bar rises under the drive of insert 2353.

[0100] like Figure 18 As shown, the right air intake manifold pressure head assembly includes a support base 2361, an air pipe seat 2362, a drive unit, a floating head, and a support frame 2363. The support base 2361 and the support frame 2363 are fixed on the base plate. The air pipe seat 2362 is mounted on the support base, which is a longitudinally extending long column structure, vertically mounted on the support base 2361. The drive unit is connected to the support base 2361 via a mounting plate. One end of the floating head is connected to the output end of the drive unit, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the side of the air pipe seat 2362. The air pipe seat 2362 slides along the support base 2361 under the drive of the drive unit.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, the right air intake manifold pressure head assembly further includes a limiting mechanism. The limiting mechanism includes a support frame, a buffer, a limiting cap, and a bolt. The support frame is mounted on the base plate and erected above the drive component. The buffer is fixed on the support frame. The limiting cap is mounted on the buffer at one end near the support seat. The bolt is fixed on the support seat and cooperates with the limiting cap, so that the repeatability accuracy reaches 0.01mm.

[0102] like Figure 19 As shown, the bottom oil seal pressing mechanism includes an oil seal seat 2371, a support seat, a drive component, a floating head 2372, and a support base. The support base is mounted on a base plate, the oil seal seat 2371 is mounted on the top of the support seat, the drive component is connected to the support base via a mounting plate, one end of the floating head 2372 is connected to the output end of the drive component, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the side of the support seat.

[0103] In some embodiments of this application, the bottom oil seal press-fitting mechanism further includes a limiting mechanism, which includes a buffer, a limiting cap, and a bolt. The bolt is installed on one side of the bearing sleeve mounted on the right housing needle roller bearing press head, and the limiting cap is installed on the buffer near the bolt. When the output end of the drive component is pushed out, the limiting mechanism is used to improve the positioning accuracy of the oil seal seat in the bottom oil seal press-fitting mechanism.

[0104] like Figure 20 As shown, the right housing needle roller bearing pressure head assembly includes a bearing pressure head seat, a connecting shaft, a bearing pressure sleeve, and a clearance assembly. The bearing pressure head seat is assembled at the top of the inner cavity of the bearing pressure sleeve. The bearing pressure head seat is connected to the connecting shaft. The clearance assembly has the same structure as the clearance assembly described in the right housing oil seal pressure head assembly.

[0105] like Figure 7 As shown, the support assembly includes a left support mechanism, a middle support mechanism, and a right support mechanism, wherein,

[0106] The left support mechanism includes a left pressure-resistant cylinder 2381, a pressure-resistant block 1 2382, a pressure-resistant block 2383, and a support base 2384. The pressure-resistant block 1 2382 is installed on the lower surface of the floating seat 226 of the housing, and the pressure-resistant block 2383 is slidably installed on the support base 2384. The output shaft of the left pressure-resistant cylinder 2381 is fixedly connected to the support base 2384 to drive the pressure-resistant block 2383 to slide with the pressure-resistant block 1 2382. At this time, the pressure from the pressure head is transmitted to the slider 229 and the guide rail 230 through the pressure-resistant block 1 2382, the pressure-resistant block 2383, the support base 2384, and the base plate 227, which is used to reduce the deformation of the base plate 227 and increase the service life of the equipment.

[0107] The intermediate support mechanism includes two symmetrical support modules. Each support module includes a support block 2385, a driving component, a wedge block 2386, and a support base. The support base is mounted on the worktable 140, and the support block 2385 is mounted on the lower surface of the base plate 227. The lower surface of the support block 2385 is provided with a first inclined surface, and the wedge block 2386 is provided with a second inclined surface that cooperates with the first inclined surface. The output end of the driving component is fixedly connected to the support base to drive the wedge block 2386 to slide in a sliding connection with the support block 2385. When the pressure head presses down, under the drive of the two cylinders, the two wedge blocks 2386 slide along the support base toward the two support blocks 2385 respectively, and together with the two support blocks 2385, they play a supporting role and distribute the pressure transmitted to the base plate 227.

[0108] The right support mechanism is a support cylinder 2387, which is mounted on the base plate 227 and its output end is connected to the floating seat 226 of the housing.

[0109] The control system module includes a force-displacement curve monitoring screen 420, an HMI control cabinet 410, and a PLC controller.

[0110] In some embodiments of this application, the PLC controller is a Siemens S7-1200 series, serving as the core control unit to coordinate the actions of various mechanisms; the HMI control cabinet 410 is equipped with a 10-inch touchscreen, allowing for parameter settings (such as pressing pressure, stroke, and sequence), program calls (corresponding to different pressing programs for three housing models), and manual operation; the force-displacement curve monitoring screen 420 displays the force-displacement change curve during the pressing process in real time, automatically saving historical data (storage capacity ≥ 100,000 records), and supporting data export and traceability. The system has a built-in anomaly detection algorithm; when the pressing force exceeds a preset threshold ±5% or the displacement deviation exceeds 0.5mm, it immediately triggers a shutdown and sends a signal to the alarm light.

[0111] like Figure 5 As shown, the safety protection module is a safety fence 500. The safety fence 500 is installed on the outer perimeter of the column 120, the upper beam 110, and the workbench 140. The safety fence is equipped with an alarm light 510, an HMI control cabinet 410, a force-displacement curve monitoring screen 420, and a light grating 520.

[0112] In some embodiments of this application, the safety fence 500 is a fully enclosed fence made of 2mm thick European standard aluminum profiles, with a protective door only on the manual loading side. The protective door is equipped with a safety light curtain, and the safety fence also has a maintenance door 530. An infrared light curtain 520 is installed inside the equipment, with a detection height covering the loading area. If any personnel limbs enter, the pressing action is immediately cut off. An interlocked two-hand start button 150 is used, which must be pressed simultaneously to trigger the pressing action, avoiding accidental operation with one hand. In the three-color alarm light 510, green indicates that the equipment is in standby mode, yellow indicates that it is running, and red indicates that it is abnormally stopped. At the same time, a buzzer alarm is sounded to ensure that the operator can detect abnormalities in time.

[0113] In this embodiment, the driving component is a motor, a cylinder, or an electric cylinder, selected according to the actual situation.

[0114] Complete action flow and working principle:

[0115] (1) Preparation stage (manual operation, about 20 seconds)

[0116] ① When the equipment is in standby mode, the upper pressure head assembly is raised to the avoidance position under the drive of the cylinder;

[0117] ② The operator installs the 10 parts into their respective dedicated pressure heads (the oil seal corresponds to the flexible pressure head, the bearing corresponds to the positioning pressure head, and the observation window corresponds to the suction pressure head). After installation, the operator confirms that the parts are securely fixed.

[0118] ③ The operator places the 0NYV series housing to be pressed (select the corresponding program according to the model) steadily on the housing floating seat, ensuring that the housing positioning reference is in contact with the housing floating seat positioning pin;

[0119] ④ The operator leaves the equipment working area, and the equipment enters the ready state.

[0120] (2) Automatic pressing stage (executed by the equipment, approximately 50 seconds)

[0121] ① When the operator presses two buttons with both hands at the same time, the PLC controller receives the start signal and first drives the upper pressure head assembly to descend to the working position. Once in position, it sends a signal.

[0122] ②The X / Y servo drive mechanism drives the servo cylinder to move to the first pressing position (tapered roller bearing 32910) according to the preset program (corresponding to the selected housing model). The servo cylinder moves down to complete the pressing, and then sequentially completes the pressing of rolling bearings 6205, 6207, 6306 and the observation window.

[0123] ③ After the upper part is pressed, the X / Y servo drive mechanism drives the servo cylinder to move to the first pressing position (bottom oil seal pressing position) according to the preset program. The servo cylinder moves downward at a speed of 10mm / s under the feedback of the force sensor. When the pressure reaches the preset pre-pressure value (0.5 tons), it is confirmed that the pressure head is in contact with the part. Then the pressing is completed at a speed of 5mm / s. After the pressing is in place (the stroke reaches the preset value), the servo cylinder moves upward to reset.

[0124] ④ In the preset sequence, the X / Y servo drive mechanism sequentially drives the servo electric cylinder to the press-fit position of the lower needle roller bearing, air inlet pipe, etc., and repeats the above press-fit action to complete the assembly of all lower parts;

[0125] ⑤ After all parts are pressed in, the upper pressing head assembly rises, the X / Y servo drive mechanism drives the servo electric cylinder back to the origin, the three-color alarm light turns green, and a completion signal is issued.

[0126] (3) Pick-up stage (manual operation, about 10 seconds)

[0127] The operator removes the press-fitted shell from the floating base, inspects its appearance, and places it in a transfer box for the next cycle. The entire process cycle time is stably controlled at 70 seconds per piece.

[0128] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-head servo press for gearbox housings, characterized in that, include: The basic support module provides the foundation for the entire device; The servo press-fit module, including a servo electric cylinder and a press-fit mechanism, is used to achieve bidirectional press-fitting of press heads of different specifications in both directions. The positioning and displacement module includes an X-axis servo drive mechanism and a Y-axis servo drive mechanism. Through the dual-axis linkage of the X-axis servo drive mechanism and the Y-axis servo drive mechanism, the servo electric cylinder covers all pressing positions. The control system module is used to coordinate the action sequence and motion parameters of the servo electric cylinder, the X-axis servo drive mechanism and the Y-axis servo drive mechanism, and the pressing mechanism. Safety protection module is used to improve production safety.

2. The multi-head servo press for gearbox housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The basic support module is a four-column frame, consisting of four vertical columns connecting an upper crossbeam and a lower base. The columns and the upper crossbeam are pre-tightened with bolts. An X-axis servo drive mechanism is fixedly installed on the upper crossbeam. A worktable is fixed on the upper surface of the lower base, and a Y-axis servo drive mechanism and guide rail are installed on the worktable. Two buttons are provided on the side of the worktable facing the operator. A pneumatic control box is installed on the lower base, and several leveling feet are installed at the bottom of the lower base.

3. The multi-head servo press for gearbox housing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The servo electric cylinder is mounted on the transverse sliding plate. Guide columns are installed on both sides of the servo electric cylinder. The X-axis servo drive mechanism drives the transverse sliding plate to move along the guide rail. The transverse sliding plate is provided with a through hole, through which the servo electric cylinder passes and connects to the pressing mechanism.

4. A multi-head servo press for a gearbox housing as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The pressing mechanism includes a longitudinally moving top plate, a pressing head slide plate, a housing floating seat, and a base plate, all connected by guide columns. The longitudinally moving top plate is a frame-shaped perforated plate with mounting holes at both ends for mounting drive components. The output end of the drive component is connected to the pressing head slide plate. The pressing head slide plate slides up and down along the guide columns under the drive of the drive component. Several elastic support components are mounted on the upper surface of the pressing head slide plate, and an upper pressing head assembly is mounted on the lower surface of the pressing head slide plate. Each pressing head in the upper pressing head assembly is connected to an elastic support component. A lower pressing head assembly and a positioning mechanism for positioning the housing are mounted on the upper surface of the housing floating seat. A clearance component and a support component are installed between the housing floating seat and the base plate. A slider is mounted on the lower surface of the base plate. The slider is adapted to the guide rail on the worktable and, driven by the Y-axis servo drive mechanism, drives the pressing mechanism to reciprocate along the Y-axis.

5. A multi-head servo press for a gearbox housing as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic support includes a spring and a guide shaft. The guide shaft extends through the middle hollow area of ​​the longitudinal top plate towards the servo cylinder. The spring is sleeved on the guide shaft. The upper end of the spring abuts against the pressure rod block, and the lower end abuts against the pressure head slide plate. The guide shaft has grooves on both sides, and the guide shaft is mechanically locked to the grooves by bolts to prevent the guide shaft from rotating.

6. A multi-head servo press for a gearbox housing as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper pressure head assembly includes: The observation window pressure head assembly includes a pressure head sleeve, a pressure head, a connecting rod, a pressure head seat, a spring, and a displacement assembly. The upper end of the pressure head seat is connected to the displacement assembly, and the lower end of the pressure head seat is connected to the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is connected to the pressure head. A magnet for attracting the observation window to be pressed is embedded in the working end face of the pressure head. The pressure head sleeve is a sleeve-shaped structure and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the pressure head. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod. The displacement assembly is used to drive the observation window pressure head assembly to slide. The right box rolling bearing 6205 pressure head assembly includes a bearing pressure sleeve, a connecting rod, a spring, and a pressure head seat. The pressure head seat is connected to the bearing pressure sleeve. The bearing pressure sleeve has an installation cavity inside. A spring positioning component is installed at the top of the installation cavity. The spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve is a pressing surface adapted to the bearing to be pressed. An elastic plunger is embedded on the side of the lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve. The rolling bearing 6207 has a pressure head assembly, which includes a bearing sleeve, a bearing pressure block, a connecting rod, a pressure head seat, and a spring. The lower end of the pressure head seat is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the bearing pressure block. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and the bearing sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the bearing pressure block. Several spring plungers are installed on the lower part of the bearing sleeve, and the bearing pressure block is provided with anti-misalignment protrusions. The pressure head of rolling bearing 6306 is mounted in the same way as the pressure head of rolling bearing 6207. The rolling bearing 6306 pressure head assembly includes a pressure head seat, a spring, a spring positioning element, a connecting rod, and a bearing pressure sleeve. The pressure head seat and the bearing pressure sleeve are connected. The bearing pressure sleeve has an installation cavity inside. A spring positioning element is installed at the top of the installation cavity. The spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve is a pressing surface adapted to the bearing to be pressed. An elastic plunger is embedded on the side of the lower end of the bearing pressure sleeve. A floating guide pin is assembled in the area of ​​the bearing pressure sleeve below the elastic plunger. The tapered roller bearing 32910 has a pressure head assembly, which includes a bearing sleeve, a bearing block, a bearing outer ring, and a magnet. The lower end of the bearing sleeve is the bearing block, which is attracted to the bearing outer ring by the magnet. The bearing block has a conical surface and fits in close to the bearing outer ring. The lower pressure head assembly includes: The right housing oil seal pressure head assembly includes an oil seal pressure head, a connecting shaft, a pressure head sleeve, and a clearance component. The oil seal pressure head is mounted on the top of the pressure head sleeve. The oil seal pressure head is connected to the connecting shaft, and the clearance component is sleeved on the pressure head sleeve. The right air intake manifold press head assembly includes a support base, an air pipe seat, a drive component, and a floating head. The support base is fixed on the base plate, and the air pipe seat is installed on the support base. The support base is vertically installed on the support base. One end of the floating head is connected to the output end of the drive component, and the other end is fixedly installed on the side of the air pipe seat. The air pipe seat slides along the support base under the drive of the drive component. The bottom oil seal press-fitting mechanism includes an oil seal seat, a support seat, a drive component, a floating head, and a support base. The support base is mounted on a base plate, the oil seal seat is mounted on top of the support seat, one end of the floating head is connected to the output end of the drive component, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the side of the support seat. The right housing needle roller bearing pressure head assembly includes a bearing pressure head seat, a connecting shaft, a bearing pressure sleeve, and a clearance assembly. The bearing pressure head seat is assembled at the top of the inner cavity of the bearing pressure sleeve. The bearing pressure head seat is connected to the connecting shaft, and the clearance assembly is sleeved on the bearing pressure sleeve.

7. A multi-head servo press for a gearbox housing as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In the right housing oil seal pressure head assembly and the right housing needle roller bearing pressure head assembly, the avoidance component includes a driving component, a strip, a strip head, and a strip sleeve. The driving component is detachably fixed to the fixing plate, and the other end of the fixing plate is positioned and fastened to the end of the strip sleeve. The strip sleeve includes strip sleeve one and strip sleeve two, both of which are hollow elongated sleeve structures. Strip sleeve one and strip sleeve two are located on both sides of the pressure head sleeve and are arranged coaxially, forming a through sliding channel inside. A slanted groove is provided at the intersection of the connecting shaft and strip sleeve one and strip sleeve two. The strip is a wedge-shaped block. A connecting component is installed at the end of the strip near the driving component, and the end of the strip away from the driving component is the strip head. The strip is engaged in the slanted groove. Under the drive of the driving component, the strip slides back and forth along the sliding channel.

8. A multi-head servo press for a gearbox housing as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The right intake manifold pressure head assembly also includes a limiting mechanism, which includes a support frame, a buffer, a limiting cap, and bolts. The support frame is mounted on the base plate and erected above the drive unit. The buffer is fixed on the support frame. The limiting cap is mounted on the buffer at one end near the support seat. The bolts are fixed on the support seat and cooperate with the limiting cap.

9. A multi-head servo press for a gearbox housing as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The support components include a left support mechanism, a middle support mechanism, and a right support mechanism, wherein, The left support mechanism includes a left pressure-resistant cylinder, a pressure-resistant block one, a pressure-resistant block two, and a support base. The pressure-resistant block one is installed on the lower surface of the floating seat of the housing, and the pressure-resistant block two is slidably installed on the support base. The output shaft of the left pressure-resistant cylinder is fixedly connected to the support base to drive the pressure-resistant block two to slide with the pressure-resistant block one. The intermediate support mechanism includes two symmetrical support modules. Each support module includes a support block, a driving component, a wedge block, and a support base. The support base is mounted on the workbench, and the support block is mounted on the lower surface of the base plate. The lower surface of the support block is provided with a first inclined surface, and the wedge block is provided with a second inclined surface that cooperates with the first inclined surface. The output end of the driving component is fixedly connected to the support base to drive the wedge block to slide and connect with the support block. The right support mechanism is a support cylinder, which is mounted on the base plate and its output end is connected to the floating seat of the housing.

10. A multi-head servo press for a gearbox housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The safety protection module is a safety fence, which is installed on the outer perimeter of the columns, upper beams, and workbench. The safety fence is equipped with alarm lights, HMI control cabinet, force-displacement curve monitoring screen, and light grid.

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