Thermal insulation material as well as raw material composition, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal insulation material as well as a raw material composition, a preparation method and application thereof. The thermal insulation material comprises a silicon-calcium compound, calcium carbonate and fibers, and holes are distributed in the thermal insulation material. The thermal insulation material has excellent mechanical properties and thermal insulation properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a thermal insulation material, its raw material composition, preparation method, and application. Background Technology

[0002] With the introduction of the "dual carbon" target, reducing carbon emissions is particularly important for achieving it. Building energy conservation, as one of the effective means of carbon reduction, has received high attention from the entire industry and all sectors in recent years. While current building energy conservation technologies can solve certain problems through structural design, further improvement is limited by the limitations of current insulation material technology. Therefore, further development of carbon dioxide resource utilization and industrialization, as an effective carbon neutrality means, will contribute to the achievement of the "dual carbon" target.

[0003] The patent "A method for preparing carbon-fixed foamed concrete" (patent publication number: CN 116199483A) mentions a foamed concrete product made by mixing carbon dioxide gas foaming agent with cement, steel slag, fly ash, carbide slag, and other substances, but the dry density of the product is generally around 700 kg / m³. 3 The above discussion clarifies its insulation performance. While it possesses high compressive strength and a certain amount of carbon fixation, it is unsuitable for use as a building insulation material. The patent "Low-Density High-Strength Carbon-Fixed Foamed Concrete and its Preparation Method" (Patent Publication No.: CN118373649A) mentions a similar concrete material technology using carbon dioxide gas foaming agent with cement, steel slag, and other substances. While it clarifies that it has a certain insulation effect (thermal conductivity of approximately 0.10 W / (m·K)), its own strength (i.e., compressive strength) is only about 3.56–3.73 MPa, which is relatively low, making it not an ideal building insulation material that combines carbon fixation, high-efficiency insulation, and building applications. The patent "A Polystyrene-Containing Raw Material Composition and Insulation Board" (Patent Publication No.: CN 109879652A) mentions a Class A fire-resistant insulation material prepared by mixing polystyrene particles as aggregate and using siliceous and calcareous materials as inorganic slurry under pressure and heat. While it achieves a balance between fire resistance, high strength, and efficient thermal insulation, its strength is relatively weak. Although its thermal insulation effect reaches below 0.063 W / (m·k), its compressive strength is only above 0.29 MPa, which also cannot meet the needs of building insulation applications in different scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a building insulation material that combines mechanical and thermal insulation properties to meet the needs of building insulation applications in various scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing building insulation materials that cannot simultaneously achieve high mechanical properties and high thermal insulation performance, this invention provides an insulation material, its raw material composition, preparation method, and applications. This insulation material possesses both excellent mechanical and thermal insulation properties.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a thermal insulation material comprising a silicon-calcium compound, calcium carbonate, and fibers; the thermal insulation material has pores distributed therein.

[0008] In this invention, the silicon-calcium compound may include calcium silicate.

[0009] In this invention, the fiber may include one or more of plant fibers, animal fibers, mineral fibers, chemical fibers, and metal fibers.

[0010] Among them, plant fiber means fiber derived from plants, animal fiber means fiber obtained from animal hair or insect gland secretions, mineral fiber means fiber obtained from fibrous mineral rocks, chemical fiber means fiber made from natural or artificial polymers, and metal fiber means fibrous material with high metal content and continuous distribution of metal material, and lateral size in the micrometer range.

[0011] In this invention, the thermal insulation material may include calcium compounds, which are calcium oxide and / or calcium hydroxide.

[0012] In this invention, the pores in the thermal insulation material are evenly distributed.

[0013] In this invention, the pores in the thermal insulation material can be open pores and / or closed pores.

[0014] In this invention, the average pore diameter of the pores in the thermal insulation material can be 0.2-3.2 mm.

[0015] In this invention, the porosity of the thermal insulation material can be 20%-82%, for example, 35%, 42%, 59% or 81.5%.

[0016] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, carbon dioxide is trapped in the pore.

[0017] In this invention, the dry density of the thermal insulation material can be 210-630 kg / m³. 3 For example, 280kg / m 3 420kg / m 3 424kg / m 3 432kg / m 3 433kg / m3 437kg / m 3 439kg / m 3 440kg / m 3 441kg / m 3 442kg / m 3 445kg / m 3 446kg / m 3 448kg / m 3 449kg / m 3 450kg / m 3 451kg / m 3 452kg / m 3 453kg / m 3 455kg / m 3 457kg / m 3 458kg / m 3 459kg / m 3 463kg / m 3 464kg / m 3 465kg / m 3 478kg / m 3 489kg / m 3 490kg / m 3 514kg / m 3 550kg / m 3 Or 570kg / m 3 .

[0018] In this invention, the thermal conductivity of the insulation material can be 0.05-0.14 W / (m·K), for example, 0.051 W / (m·K), 0.062 W / (m·K), 0.08 W / (m·K), 0.085 W / (m·K), 0.092 W / (m·K), 0.094 W / (m·K), 0.095 W / (m·K), 0.096 W / (m·K), 0.097 W / (m·K). (m·k), 0.098W / (m·k), 0.099W / (m·k), 0.101W / (m·k), 0.102W / (m·k), 0.105W / (m·k), 0.1 06W / (m·k), 0.108W / (m·k), 0.11W / (m·k), 0.113W / (m·k), 0.125W / (m·k) or 0.131W / (m·k).

[0019] In this invention, the compressive strength of the thermal insulation material can be 0.5-8 MPa, for example, 0.6 MPa, 1.8 MPa, 2.8 MPa, 3.1 MPa, 3.5 MPa, 3.7 MPa, 4 MPa, 4.1 MPa, 4.2 MPa, 4.3 MPa, 4.5 MPa, 4.6 MPa, 4.8 MPa, 4.9 MPa, 5 MPa, 5.1 MPa, 5.2 MPa, 5.3 MPa, 5.5 MPa, 5.8 MPa, or 6 MPa.

[0020] The present invention also provides a raw material composition for a thermal insulation material, comprising a slurry raw material and a foaming liquid; the slurry raw material comprises silica, calcareous material and fibers, wherein the calcareous material comprises calcium oxide and / or calcium hydroxide; the foaming liquid comprises a carbon dioxide-containing gas and a foaming agent;

[0021] The mass ratio of the slurry raw material to the volume ratio of the foaming liquid is (200-1500):1, where the mass unit is g and the volume unit is L;

[0022] Of which, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw materials, the silica is 9-85 parts, the calcareous material is 9-85 parts, and the fiber is 1-15 parts;

[0023] The gas contains a volume fraction of carbon dioxide of 40% or more.

[0024] In this invention, the term "silica-containing material" refers to inorganic materials containing silicon dioxide, such as one or more of the following: microsilica powder, fly ash, mineral powder, vitrified microspheres, quartz powder, kaolin, bentonite, water glass, and diatomaceous earth.

[0025] In this invention, the fiber includes one or more of plant fibers, animal fibers, mineral fibers, chemical fibers, and metal fibers.

[0026] The mineral fibers mentioned above are, for example, glass fibers.

[0027] The metal fibers mentioned above are, for example, sheared steel fibers.

[0028] In this invention, the foaming agent is, for example, one or more of the following: protein-active foaming agents, composite foaming agents, and synthetic foaming agents. Specifically, protein-active foaming agents are those that utilize the surface activity of biomass proteins to achieve a foaming effect; composite foaming agents are those obtained by mixing animal protein cement foaming agents and plant-based cement foaming agents; and synthetic foaming agents are those obtained through a chemical synthesis reaction.

[0029] In this invention, the method for preparing the foaming liquid includes the following steps: introducing a carbon dioxide-containing gas into the foaming agent to form the foaming liquid.

[0030] The gas also includes nitrogen and / or air.

[0031] In this invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the slurry raw material to the volume ratio of the foaming liquid is (220-1200):1, for example, 225:1, 281:1, 398:1, 457:1, 463:1, 467:1, 469:1, 470:1, 471:1, 472:1, 474:1, 477:1, 479:1, 481:1, 488:1, 501:1, 508:1, 514:1, or 1125:1.

[0032] In this invention, preferably, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw materials, the silica content is 9.4 parts, 18.7 parts, 28.1 parts, 37.5 parts, 46.8 parts, 56.2 parts, 64.7 parts, 65.6 parts, 66.4 parts, 68.1 parts, 69.2 parts, 69.5 parts, 69.8 parts, 70.3 parts, 70.5 parts, 70.6 parts, 70.9 parts, 71.2 parts, 71.9 parts, 72.9 parts, 75 parts, or 84.3 parts.

[0033] In this invention, preferably, based on 100 parts by weight of the slurry raw materials, the calcium content is 9.4 parts, 18.7 parts, 21.6 parts, 21.9 parts, 22.1 parts, 22.7 parts, 23.1 parts, 23.2 parts, 23.3 parts, 23.4 parts, 23.5 parts, 23.6 parts, 23.7 parts, 24 parts, 28.1 parts, 37.5 parts, 46.8 parts, 56.2 parts, 65.6 parts, 75 parts, or 84.3 parts.

[0034] In this invention, preferably, the fiber is 1.4 parts, 2.8 parts, 4.1 parts, 4.9 parts, 5 parts, 7.9 parts, 10.2 parts, 11.3 parts, or 12.4 parts, based on 100 parts by weight of the pulp raw material.

[0035] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the fiber comprises 5-15 parts per 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material. This range can further reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation material and improve its insulation performance.

[0036] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the fiber comprises 1-5 parts per 100 parts by weight of the slurry raw material. This range can further improve the compressive strength and mechanical properties of the thermal insulation material.

[0037] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the fiber comprises 1-8 parts per 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material. This range can further improve the carbon fixation rate of the thermal insulation material.

[0038] In this invention, preferably, the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the gas is, for example, 50% or 90%.

[0039] In this invention, preferably, the slurry raw material further includes a water-reducing agent.

[0040] The water-reducing agent is, for example, a polycarboxylate water-reducing agent.

[0041] In this case, based on 100 parts by weight of the slurry raw materials, the water-reducing agent is preferably 0-3 parts and not 0, for example, 0.5 parts, 0.8 parts, 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts or 2.9 parts.

[0042] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the water-reducing agent is 1.3-3 parts per 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material. This range can further reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation material and increase its compressive strength, thereby simultaneously improving both insulation performance and mechanical properties.

[0043] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the water-reducing agent is 0-1.3 parts per 100 parts by weight of the slurry raw materials. This range can further improve the carbon fixation rate of the thermal insulation material.

[0044] In this invention, preferably, the raw material composition further includes water.

[0045] Preferably, the water content of the slurry raw material is (0.3-1.5):1, for example, 0.34:1, 0.35:1, 0.37:1, 0.38:1, 0.39:1, 0.4:1, 0.41:1, 0.42:1, 0.67:1, 0.89:1, 1.12:1 or 1.35:1.

[0046] In this invention, preferably, the raw material composition further includes additives.

[0047] The admixture preferably includes cement and / or an early-strength agent.

[0048] The early strength agent includes, for example, one or more of chloride-based early strength agents, sulfate-based early strength agents, and organic-based early strength agents.

[0049] In this invention, preferably, the mass ratio of silica to calcium in the slurry raw material is 1:(0.1-9), for example, 9:1, 4:1, 3:1, 7:3, 3:2, 1:1, 2:3, 3:7 or 1:4.

[0050] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of silica to calcium in the slurry raw material is 1:(0.1-0.5). This range can further reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation material and improve its insulation performance.

[0051] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of silica to calcium in the slurry raw material is 1:(0.3-1.5). This range can further improve the compressive strength and mechanical properties of the thermal insulation material.

[0052] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of silica to calcium in the slurry raw material is 1:(1-9). This range can further improve the carbon fixation rate of the thermal insulation material.

[0053] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material, the silica is 45-70 parts, the calcium is 25-50 parts, the fiber is 5 parts, and the mass ratio of silica to calcium in the slurry raw material is 1:(0.4-1).

[0054] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw materials, the silica is 70.3 parts, the calcium is 23.4 parts, the fiber is 5 parts, and the mass ratio of the slurry raw materials to the volume ratio of the foaming liquid is (300-600):1.

[0055] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw materials, the silica content is 60-75 parts, the calcium content is 20-25 parts, and the fiber content is 2-8 parts.

[0056] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw materials, the silica is 65-75 parts, the calcareous material is 23-24 parts, the fiber is 5 parts, the water-reducing agent is 1-3 parts, and the water accounts for (0.35-0.4):1 by mass of the slurry raw materials.

[0057] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw materials, the silica is 70.3 parts, the calcareous material is 23.4 parts, the fiber is 5 parts, the water-reducing agent is 1.3 parts, and the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the gas is 50%-100%.

[0058] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a thermal insulation material, which includes the following steps:

[0059] The above-mentioned raw material composition is injected into a mold and cured to obtain the thermal insulation material; wherein the curing temperature is above 100°C and the curing time is above 0.5 hours.

[0060] In this invention, preferably, the curing temperature is 100-210°C, more preferably 100-200°C, and even more preferably 130-180°C, for example, 150°C. In the prior art, the silicon-calcium reaction requires a high reaction temperature. This invention uses a specific raw material composition that enables the curing temperature to be between 100-210°C, thus achieving the formation of a thermal insulation material at a lower temperature.

[0061] In this invention, preferably, the curing time is 2-14 hours, more preferably 4-14 hours, for example 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours or 12 hours.

[0062] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, after the curing and molding, the process may also include curing and cutting steps to obtain the insulation material.

[0063] The maintenance includes, for example, natural maintenance and / or steam maintenance.

[0064] Preferably, the gas used for steam curing is a carbon dioxide-containing gas. The curing process can be carried out using carbon dioxide, which facilitates the further formation of substances such as calcium carbonate during the oxidation process of the insulation material, thereby further improving the mechanical properties of the insulation material.

[0065] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw materials, the silica content is 70.3 parts, the calcium content is 23.4 parts, the fiber content is 5 parts, the curing temperature is 130-210℃, and the curing time is 2-14h.

[0066] The present invention also provides a thermal insulation material prepared by the above-mentioned method.

[0067] The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned thermal insulation material in building materials.

[0068] In this invention, the building material may be a building insulation material or a building structural material.

[0069] The building insulation material may be, for example, an exterior wall insulation material, a floor insulation material, or a roof insulation material.

[0070] The building structural material is, for example, building wall masonry material.

[0071] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] The reagents and raw materials used in this invention are all commercially available.

[0073] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0074] In the raw material composition of the thermal insulation material of the present invention, carbon dioxide-containing gas and a foaming agent are used as the foaming liquid, which is mixed with a certain amount of silica, calcium, and fibers. During the preparation of the thermal insulation material, reactions such as silicon-calcium reaction and carbon-calcium reaction occur in this raw material composition, resulting in a thermal insulation material with excellent thermal insulation and mechanical properties, as well as lightweight characteristics, enabling its wide application in building insulation and structural materials. Detailed Implementation

[0075] The present invention is further illustrated below by way of embodiments, but the invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions were performed according to conventional methods and conditions, or as selected according to the product instructions.

[0076] The materials used in the various embodiments and comparative examples of this invention are described in detail below:

[0077] Silica: Microsilica powder, purchased from Shanghai Weiterui Industrial Development Co., Ltd.; Kaolin, purchased from Guangdong Xinbangle Technology Co., Ltd.; Mineral powder, purchased from Shanghai Siqi Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0078] Calcium substances: Calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide were purchased from Taicang Oriental Metallurgical Lime Products Factory;

[0079] Water-reducing agent: Polycarboxylate superplasticizer, model PC1051, purchased from Suzhou Xingbang Chemical Building Materials Co., Ltd.;

[0080] Blowing agents: protein-active type blowing agent, model TR-E; synthetic type blowing agent, model TR-D; composite type blowing agent, model TR-A; all the above blowing agents were purchased from Luoyang Tongrun Information Technology Co., Ltd.

[0081] Fibers: Both glass fiber and sheared steel fiber were purchased from Shandong Jianbang Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.

[0082] Examples 1-10

[0083] Raw material compositions of Examples 1-10:

[0084] The mass ratios of silica and calcium in Examples 1-10 differ, and the types and contents of components in the raw material compositions are listed in Table 1 below:

[0085] Table 1

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Preparation methods of thermal insulation materials in Examples 1-10:

[0089] The thermal insulation materials of Examples 1-10 are obtained by injecting the raw material compositions of Examples 1-10 into molds and curing them. The curing temperature of Examples 1-10 is 130°C and the curing time is 12 hours. The foaming liquid is nitrogen gas except for carbon dioxide.

[0090] Examples 11-14, Comparative Examples 1-2

[0091] Examples 11-14 and Comparative Examples 1-2: Raw material compositions

[0092] The foaming liquids of Examples 11-14 and Comparative Examples 1-2 have different masses. The types and contents of the components in the raw material compositions are listed in Table 2 below:

[0093] Table 2

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Preparation methods of thermal insulation materials in Examples 11-14 and Comparative Examples 1-2:

[0097] The raw material compositions of Examples 11-14 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were injected into a mold and cured to obtain the thermal insulation materials of Examples 11-14 and Comparative Examples 1-2; wherein, the curing temperature of Examples 11-14 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was 130°C and the curing time was 12h; the foaming liquid was nitrogen gas except for carbon dioxide.

[0098] Examples 15-21

[0099] Raw material compositions of Examples 15-21:

[0100] The fibers in Examples 15-21 differ in quality, and the types and contents of the components in the raw material compositions are listed in Table 3 below:

[0101] Table 3

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Preparation methods of thermal insulation materials in Examples 15-21:

[0105] The thermal insulation materials of Examples 15-21 are obtained by injecting the raw material compositions of Examples 15-21 into molds and curing them. The curing temperature of Examples 15-21 is 130°C and the curing time is 12 hours. The foaming liquid is nitrogen gas except for carbon dioxide.

[0106] Examples 22-24, Comparative Examples 3-4

[0107] The raw material compositions of Examples 22-24 and Comparative Examples 3-4:

[0108] The concentrations of carbon dioxide in the foaming liquids of Examples 22-24 and Comparative Examples 3-4 are different. The types and contents of the components in the raw material compositions are listed in Table 4 below:

[0109] Table 4

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] In Examples 22-24, the foaming liquid contained nitrogen gas in addition to carbon dioxide; in Comparative Example 3, the gas in the foaming liquid was air, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air was less than 5%, which was negligible; in Comparative Example 4, the gas in the foaming liquid was nitrogen gas.

[0113] Preparation methods of thermal insulation materials in Examples 22-24 and Comparative Examples 3-4:

[0114] The raw material compositions of Examples 22-24 and Comparative Examples 3-4 were injected into molds and cured to obtain the thermal insulation materials of Examples 22-24 and Comparative Examples 3-4; wherein the curing temperature of Examples 22-24 and Comparative Examples 3-4 was 130°C and the curing time was 12h.

[0115] Examples 25-37, Comparative Examples 5-6

[0116] Raw material compositions of Examples 25-37 and Comparative Examples 5-6:

[0117] The types and contents of the raw material compositions in Examples 25-37 and Comparative Examples 5-6 are the same as in Example 8.

[0118] Preparation methods of thermal insulation materials in Examples 25-37 and Comparative Examples 5-6:

[0119] The raw material compositions of Examples 25-37 and Comparative Examples 5-6 were injected into molds and cured to obtain the thermal insulation materials of Examples 25-37 and Comparative Examples 5-6; wherein the curing temperatures and times of Examples 25-37 and Comparative Examples 5-6 are listed in Table 5 below.

[0120] Table 5

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] Examples 38-44

[0124] Raw material compositions of Examples 38-44:

[0125] The fibers in Examples 38-44 differed in quality, and the types and contents of the components in the raw material compositions are listed in Table 6 below:

[0126] Table 6

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] Preparation methods of thermal insulation materials in Examples 38-44:

[0130] The thermal insulation materials of Examples 38-44 are obtained by injecting the raw material compositions of Examples 38-44 into molds and curing them. The curing temperature of Examples 38-44 is 130°C and the curing time is 12 hours. The foaming liquid is nitrogen gas except for carbon dioxide.

[0131] The thermal insulation materials prepared in Examples 1-44 and Comparative Examples 1-6 above include calcium silicate compounds, calcium carbonate, and fibers; and the thermal insulation materials have pores distributed in them; among them, the thermal insulation materials of Examples 1-44 and Comparative Examples 1-5 can be molded, while the thermal insulation material of Comparative Example 6 cannot be molded.

[0132] Comparative Examples 7-10

[0133] Comparative examples 7-10 are commercially available products, and their models and manufacturers are as follows:

[0134] Comparative Example 7: A3.5 B05 Type I, with dimensions of 600(mm)*300(mm)*200(mm), manufactured by Nanjing Xujian New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0135] Comparative Example 8: A3.5 B06 Type II, with dimensions of 600(mm)*300(mm)*200(mm), manufactured by Suzhou Liangpu Tianlu New Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0136] Comparative Example 9: A5.0 B06 type, with specifications of 200(mm)*240(mm)*600(mm), manufactured by Kunshan Bucheng New Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0137] Comparative Example 10: A5.0 B07 Type II, with dimensions of 600(mm)*300(mm)*200(mm), manufactured by Suzhou Liangpu Tianlu New Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0138] Example 1

[0139] The thermal insulation materials prepared in Examples 1-44 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were subjected to the following tests:

[0140] 1. Average pore diameter test: The testing instruments are vernier calipers, microscope and ruler. The test method is as follows: select at least 3 groups of thermal insulation materials, and use vernier calipers to measure the size of the pores in different cross sections of the thermal insulation material, and calculate the average value of these pore sizes, which is the average pore diameter.

[0141] Based on the above tests, the average pore size of the thermal insulation materials prepared in Examples 1-44 is 0.2-3.2 mm.

[0142] 2. Porosity test: Grind the thermal insulation material into powder and test its tapped bulk density ρ and apparent density ρa respectively. Porosity = (1-ρ / ρa)×100%.

[0143] Based on the above tests, the porosities of Comparative Example 1, Example 11, Example 8, Examples 12-14, and Comparative Example 2 were 12%, 20%, 35%, 42%, 59%, 81.5%, and 85%, respectively.

[0144] Based on the above tests, the porosity of other embodiments is between 34% and 36%.

[0145] Example 2

[0146] The following tests were performed on the thermal insulation materials prepared in Examples 1-44, Comparative Examples 1-6, and Comparative Examples 7-10:

[0147] 1. Dry density test: Tested according to GB / T 5486-2008 "Test Methods for Inorganic Rigid Thermal Insulation Products".

[0148] 2. Thermal conductivity test: Tested according to GB / T 10294-2008 "Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties of thermal insulation materials - protective hot plate method".

[0149] 3. Compressive strength test: Tested according to GB / T 5486-2008 "Test Methods for Inorganic Rigid Thermal Insulation Products".

[0150] 4. Carbon fixation rate test: Prepare a blank material from the raw material composition without foaming liquid in the same manner, and test the dry density of the blank material. The carbon fixation rate of the insulation material is calculated as follows: (dry density of insulation material - dry density of blank material) * 44 / 100 * 100%.

[0151] The results of the above tests are listed in Table 7:

[0152] Table 7

[0153]

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] Note: " / " in the table indicates that the insulation material cannot be formed and the relevant parameters cannot be measured.

[0157] The dry density of the thermal insulation material prepared according to the embodiments of the present invention can reach 210-630 kg / m³. 3 The thermal conductivity is 0.05-0.14 W / (m·K), and the compressive strength is 0.6-8 MPa. That is, the thermal insulation material prepared according to the embodiments of the present invention can simultaneously possess excellent dry density, thermal conductivity, and compressive strength. Furthermore, the thermal insulation material prepared according to the embodiments of the present invention can also achieve a carbon fixation rate of over 9%.

[0158] Based on the results of Examples 1-10, it is evident that the mass ratio of silica to calcium in the slurry raw materials affects the dry density, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and carbon fixation rate of the insulation material. Compressive strength is related to the amount of silica-calcium reaction; a higher reaction amount results in increased compressive strength. Thermal conductivity tends to improve with increasing silica content. A mass ratio of silica to calcium in the slurry raw materials of 1:(0.1-0.5) can further reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation material and improve its insulation performance; a mass ratio of silica to calcium in the slurry raw materials of 1:(0.3-1.5) can further improve the compressive strength and mechanical properties of the insulation material; and a mass ratio of silica to calcium in the slurry raw materials of 1:(1-9) can further improve the carbon fixation rate of the insulation material.

[0159] According to the results of Examples 11-14 and Comparative Examples 1-2, the mass ratio of raw material to foaming liquid in Comparative Example 1 is too high, which is not conducive to thermal insulation performance; the mass ratio of raw material to foaming liquid in Comparative Example 2 is too low, which is not conducive to mechanical properties.

[0160] According to the results of Examples 8, 15-21, based on 100 parts by mass of slurry raw materials, 5-15 parts of fiber can further reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation material and improve its insulation performance; 1-5 parts of fiber can further improve the compressive strength of the insulation material.

[0161] As shown in the table above, Examples 8, 22-24, and Comparative Examples 3-4 only changed the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the foaming liquid gas. Specifically, in Examples 8 and 22-24, the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the foaming liquid gas was above 40%, while in Comparative Examples 3-4, the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the foaming liquid gas was 0. For dry density, the above examples had a density of 433-478 kg / m³. 3 The above comparative example is 589-514 kg / m³. 3 The dry density of the embodiments was reduced by approximately 15% compared to the comparative examples, indicating that the embodiments can further improve workability. Regarding thermal conductivity, the embodiments had a conductivity of 0.095-0.097 W / (m·k), while the comparative examples had a conductivity of 0.11-0.112 W / (m·k). The embodiments had a thermal conductivity reduced by approximately 15% compared to the comparative examples, indicating that the embodiments had low thermal conductivity and significant advantages in building energy conservation and environmental protection. Regarding compressive strength, the embodiments had a compressive strength of 4.5-5.8 MPa, while the comparative examples had a compressive strength of 4.3-4.8 MPa. The embodiments had a compressive strength increased by approximately 35% compared to the comparative examples, indicating that the embodiments had excellent compressive strength and could ensure the reliability and safety of construction.

[0162] According to the results of Comparative Examples 5-6, if the curing temperature is below 100℃, the compressive strength of the insulation material will be significantly reduced, which is detrimental to its mechanical properties; if the curing time is below 0.5h, the insulation material cannot be formed and cannot be used.

[0163] According to the results of Examples 38-44, the addition of water-reducing agent can reduce the amount of water used. Although increasing the amount of water can make the reaction between calcium and carbon dioxide more complete (increasing the carbon fixation rate), it will also dilute the inorganic materials at the same time, resulting in a decrease in strength. Based on 100 parts by mass of slurry raw materials, 1.3-3 parts of water-reducing agent can further reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation material and increase its compressive strength, thereby improving both insulation performance and mechanical properties.

[0164] Based on the results of Example 4 and Comparative Example 7, the thermal conductivity of Example 4 and Comparative Example 7 is comparable, and the dry density of Example 4 is 451 kg / m³. 3 The dry density of Comparative Example 7 is 512 kg / m³. 3Compared with Comparative Example 7, the dry density of Example 4 was reduced by 12%; the compressive strength of Example 4 was 5.2 MPa, while the compressive strength of Comparative Example 7 was 3.9 MPa, and the compressive strength of Example 4 was increased by 33% compared with Comparative Example 7. This shows that Example 4, compared with Comparative Example 7, has both excellent dry density and compressive strength while having a comparable thermal conductivity.

[0165] Based on the results of Example 11 and Comparative Examples 8-10, the thermal conductivity of Example 11 is lower than that of Comparative Examples 8-10, indicating that Example 11 has better thermal insulation performance; at the same time, the dry density of Example 11 is 570 kg / m³. 3 The dry densities of comparative examples 8-10 were 613 kg / m³. 3 639kg / m 3 712kg / m 3 Compared with Comparative Examples 8-10, the dry density of Example 11 was reduced by 7%, 11%, and 20%, respectively; the compressive strength of Example 11 was 8 MPa, while the compressive strengths of Comparative Examples 8-10 were 4.2 MPa, 5 MPa, and 6.1 MPa, respectively. The compressive strength of Example 11 was increased by 90%, 60%, and 31%, respectively, compared with Comparative Examples 8-10. This shows that Example 11 has a better thermal conductivity than Comparative Examples 8-10, while also having excellent dry density and compressive strength.

Claims

1. An insulating material, characterized in that It comprises: a siliceous compound, calcium carbonate and fibers; The thermal insulation material has pores distributed therein.

2. The thermal insulation material of claim 1, wherein The thermal insulation material satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (a) the siliceous compound comprises calcium silicate; (b) the fibers comprise one or more of plant fibers, animal fibers, mineral fibers, chemical fibers and metal fibers; (c) the thermal insulation material further comprises a calcareous substance, which is calcium oxide and / or calcium hydroxide; (d) the pores in the thermal insulation material are uniformly distributed; (e) the pores in the thermal insulation material are open pores and / or closed pores; (f) the average pore size of the pores in the thermal insulation material is 0.2-3.2mm; (g) the porosity of the thermal insulation material is 20%-82%, for example 35%, 42%, 59% or 81.5%; (h) the dry density of the insulation material is 210-630 kg / m 3 , for example 280 kg / m 3 , 420 kg / m 3 , 424 kg / m 3 , 432 kg / m 3 , 433 kg / m 3 , 437 kg / m 3 , 439 kg / m 3 , 440 kg / m 3 , 441 kg / m 3 , 442 kg / m 3 , 445 kg / m 3 , 446 kg / m 3 , 448 kg / m 3 , 449 kg / m 3 , 450 kg / m 3 , 451 kg / m 3 , 452 kg / m 3 , 453 kg / m 3 , 455 kg / m 3 , 457 kg / m 3 , 458 kg / m 3 , 459 kg / m 3 , 463 kg / m 3 , 464 kg / m 3 , 465 kg / m 3 , 478 kg / m 3 , 489 kg / m 3 , 490 kg / m 3 , 514 kg / m 3 , 550 kg / m 3 or 570 kg / m 3 ; (i) the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material is 0.05-0.14W / (m·k), for example 0.051W / (m·k), 0.062W / (m·k), 0.08W / (m·k), 0.085W / (m·k), 0.092W / (m·k), 0.094W / (m·k), 0.095W / (m·k), 0.096W / (m·k), 0.097W / (m·k), 0.098W / (m·k), 0.099W / (m·k), 0.101W / (m·k), 0.102W / (m·k), 0.105W / (m·k), 0.106W / (m·k), 0.108W / (m·k), 0.11W / (m·k), 0.113W / (m·k), 0.125W / (m·k) or 0.131W / (m·k); (j) the compressive strength of the thermal insulation material is 0.5-8MPa, for example 0.6MPa, 1.8MPa, 2.8MPa, 3.1MPa, 3.5MPa, 3.7MPa, 4MPa, 4.1MPa, 4.2MPa, 4.3MPa, 4.5MPa, 4.6MPa, 4.8MPa, 4.9MPa, 5MPa, 5.1MPa, 5.2MPa, 5.3MPa, 5.5MPa, 5.8MPa or 6MPa; (k) the pores are bound with carbon dioxide.

3. A raw material composition for an insulating material, characterized by comprising It comprises a slurry raw material and a foaming liquid; the slurry raw material comprises a siliceous substance, a calcareous substance and fibers, the calcareous substance comprises calcium oxide and / or calcium hydroxide; the foaming liquid comprises a gas containing carbon dioxide and a foaming agent; Wherein, the mass of the slurry raw material and the volume of the foaming liquid are in the ratio of (200-1500):1, wherein the unit of mass is g and the unit of volume is L; Wherein, in terms of 100 parts of the mass of the slurry raw material, the siliceous substance is 9-85 parts, the calcareous substance is 9-85 parts, and the fibers are 1-15 parts; Wherein, the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the gas is more than 40%.

4. The raw material composition for an insulating material according to claim 3, wherein The raw material composition of the thermal insulation material satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (a) the siliceous material comprises one or more of microsilica, fly ash, mineral powder, vitrified microbead, quartz powder, kaolin, bentonite, water glass, and diatomite; (b) the fiber comprises one or more of plant fiber, animal fiber, mineral fiber, chemical fiber, and metal fiber; wherein the mineral fiber is, for example, glass fiber; wherein the metal fiber is, for example, sheared steel fiber; (c) the foaming agent is one or more of protein active foaming agent, composite foaming agent, and synthetic foaming agent; (d) the method for preparing the foaming liquid comprises the step of: introducing a gas containing carbon dioxide into the foaming agent to form the foaming liquid; wherein the gas further comprises, for example, nitrogen and / or air.

5. The raw material composition for an insulating material according to claim 3, wherein The raw material composition of the thermal insulation material satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (a) the mass ratio of the slurry raw material to the volume of the foaming liquid is (220-1200):1, for example, 225:1, 281:1, 398:1, 457:1, 463:1, 467:1, 469:1, 470:1, 471:1, 472:1, 474:1, 477:1, 479:1, 481:1, 488:1, 501:1, 508:1, 514:1, or 1125:1; (b) the siliceous material is 9.4 parts, 18.7 parts, 28.1 parts, 37.5 parts, 46.8 parts, 56.2 parts, 64.7 parts, 65.6 parts, 66.4 parts, 68.1 parts, 69.2 parts, 69.5 parts, 69.8 parts, 70.3 parts, 70.5 parts, 70.6 parts, 70.9 parts, 71.2 parts, 71.9 parts, 72.9 parts, 75 parts, or 84.3 parts, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material; (c) the calcareous material is 9.4 parts, 18.7 parts, 21.6 parts, 21.9 parts, 22.1 parts, 22.7 parts, 23.1 parts, 23.2 parts, 23.3 parts, 23.4 parts, 23.5 parts, 23.6 parts, 23.7 parts, 24 parts, 28.1 parts, 37.5 parts, 46.8 parts, 56.2 parts, 65.6 parts, 75 parts, or 84.3 parts, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material; (d) the fiber is 1.4 parts, 2.8 parts, 4.1 parts, 4.9 parts, 5 parts, 7.9 parts, 10.2 parts, 11.3 parts, or 12.4 parts, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material; (e) the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the gas is 50% or 90%; (f) the slurry raw material further comprises a water reducing agent; wherein the water reducing agent is, for example, polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; wherein the water reducing agent is preferably 0-3 parts and not 0, for example, 0.5 parts, 0.8 parts, 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, or 2.9 parts, based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material; (g) the raw material composition further comprises water; (h) the mass ratio of the siliceous material and the calcareous material in the slurry raw material is 1:(0.1-9), for example 9:1, 4:1, 3:1, 7:3, 3:2, 1:1, 2:3, 3:7 or 1:4; (i) the raw material composition further comprises an additive; wherein the additive preferably comprises cement and / or an early strength agent; wherein the early strength agent for example comprises one or more of a chloride-based early strength agent, a sulfate-based early strength agent and an organic-based early strength agent.

6. A raw material composition for an insulating material according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein The raw material composition of the thermal insulation material satisfies any one of the following conditions: (a) the siliceous material is 45-70 parts, the calcareous material is 25-50 parts, the fiber is 5 parts, and the mass ratio of the siliceous material and the calcareous material in the slurry raw material is 1:(0.4-1) based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material; (b) the siliceous material is 70.3 parts, the calcareous material is 23.4 parts, the fiber is 5 parts, and the mass and volume ratio of the slurry raw material to the foaming liquid is (300-600):1; (c) the siliceous material is 60-75 parts, the calcareous material is 20-25 parts, and the fiber is 2-8 parts based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material; (d) the siliceous material is 65-75 parts, the calcareous material is 23-24 parts, the fiber is 5 parts, the water reducing agent is 1-3 parts, and the water accounts for (0.35-0.4):1 of the mass of the slurry raw material; (e) the siliceous material is 70.3 parts, the calcareous material is 23.4 parts, the fiber is 5 parts, the water reducing agent is 1.3 parts, and the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the gas is 50%-100%.

7. A method for producing an insulating material, characterized by It comprises the following steps: injecting the raw material composition according to any one of claims 3-6 into a mold to be cured and molded to obtain the thermal insulation material; wherein the temperature of the curing and molding is above 100°C, and the time of the curing and molding is above 0.5h.

8. The method for preparing an insulating material according to claim 7, wherein The preparation method of the thermal insulation material satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (a) the temperature of the curing and molding is 100-210°C, preferably 100-200°C, more preferably 130-180°C, for example 150°C; (b) the time of the curing and molding is 2-14h, preferably 4-14h, for example 6h, 8h, 10h or 12h; (c) further comprising the steps of curing and cutting after the curing and molding to obtain the thermal insulation material; wherein the curing for example comprises natural curing and / or steam curing; wherein preferably the gas of the steam curing is carbon dioxide-containing gas; (d) the siliceous material is 70.3 parts, the calcareous material is 23.4 parts, the fiber is 5 parts, the temperature of the curing and molding is 130-210°C, and the time of the curing and molding is 2-14h based on 100 parts by mass of the slurry raw material.

9. A thermal insulation material prepared by the preparation method of the thermal insulation material according to claim 7 or 8.

10. Use of the thermal insulation material according to any one of claims 1-2 and 9 in a building material.

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