Impact device

Abstract

The invention discloses an impact device, belongs to the technical field of mining machinery, and aims at solving the problems that a pulling piece of an existing crushing device is thin in structure, poor in sliding guidance quality and the like. Comprising a pulling piece, a lifting-releasing device is arranged at the top of a shell, an energy storage device is connected with the bottom of the shell, an impact head is located below the shell, the working end of the energy storage device abuts against the impact head up and down, the pulling piece is a cylindrical component, the inner circumference of the pulling piece is in vertical sliding fit with the outer circumference of the energy storage device, and the lower end of the pulling piece penetrates through the shell. The upper end of the pulling piece is connected with the lifting-releasing device, the lifting-releasing device lifts and releases the impact head through circulation of the pulling piece, the pulling piece is improved to be a cylindrical component, the pulling piece is in sliding fit with the energy storage device and is used for providing sliding guide for the pulling piece, the guide contact face is enlarged, and the impact head can be driven by the energy storage device. The guidance quality and the structural strength of the pulling piece are improved, the pulling piece is prevented from being bent, and vibration generated when the impact head impacts the drill rod or the tamping head is weakened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of mining machinery and equipment, foundation compaction equipment and engineering vehicle accessories, and particularly relates to an impact device that can be used with a chisel or ramming head to achieve dual functions of crushing and dynamic compaction. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic breakers are traditional rock-breaking machines that utilize hydraulic energy to compress a gas spring (nitrogen cylinder). The instantaneous release of nitrogen pressure propels a piston at high speed, causing it to strike a chisel and perform work. In traditional hydraulic breakers, the piston serves a dual function: sealing the hydraulic oil and impacting the chisel. As the required impact energy increases, the piston diameter needs to be continuously enlarged. However, large pistons are prone to wear and deformation under massive impacts, leading to seal failure and shortened service life. Furthermore, the metal shavings generated by the high-speed piston movement contaminate the hydraulic system of the breaker, accelerating wear. The breaker itself is also expensive to install in large hydraulic breakers. In addition, traditional hydraulic breakers have a fixed stroke and a limited range of adjustable striking force, making them difficult to adapt to different working conditions.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, the applicant of this invention filed an invention patent application on April 9, 2025, with publication number CN120001507B, disclosing an impact crushing device. By separating the lifting and impact components, the impact function is placed outside the hydraulic system, eliminating the need for large-diameter, high-precision pistons and reducing wear on the vehicle. The impact force can be adjusted by regulating the stroke. This patent discloses six implementation schemes for the lifting-release device, providing a technical basis for manufacturing larger energy impact devices. However, the designed pulling component structure is flimsy, with poor sliding guidance, and it does not expand its application to motor vehicle carriers and dynamic compaction operations, nor does it differentiate the functional adaptability to different engineering vehicles.

[0004] In addition, existing traditional dynamic compaction machines have significant drawbacks: they rely on large cranes to lift heavy hammers, with the overall height of the machine often reaching 20-30 meters, resulting in poor site adaptability; the hammers need to be lifted to a high altitude for release, with a single operation cycle lasting 1-3 minutes, leading to extremely low efficiency; the hammers are lifted using steel wire ropes, and after the construction at one point is completed, the hammers need to be placed before the crane can be moved, resulting in poor maneuverability and high maintenance costs.

[0005] Based on this, this invention refines the structure of the pulling component, adds a collaborative working mode, adapts to the vehicle and expands the application of dynamic compaction, and clarifies the functional compatibility of different engineering vehicles (excavator dual function, loader / bulldozer single function), thus solving the technical defects of traditional dynamic compaction machines. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to refine the structure of the pulling component in existing impact crushing devices, enabling it to also have a reinforced guiding function, thus solving the problems of vibration and energy loss in moving parts; to achieve joint work by the pulling component and the impact head, improving the kinetic energy conversion rate, and achieving impact energy output of 100,000 joules or more based on the original patented technology; to adapt to motor vehicle carriers, clarifying the functional compatibility of different engineering vehicles (excavators are compatible with both crushing and dynamic compaction functions, while loaders and bulldozers are only compatible with dynamic compaction single function), expanding the applications of dynamic compaction operations, and providing a new type of dynamic compaction device that is low in height, highly efficient, and highly mobile; and to achieve functional upgrades by adding necessary features without changing the core architecture and technical features of the original patent. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0007] An impact device includes a housing, a lifting-release device, an energy storage device, and an impact head. The lifting-release device is located at the top of the housing, the energy storage device is connected to the bottom of the housing, and the impact head is located below the housing. The working end of the energy storage device abuts against the impact head vertically. A pulling member is a cylindrical component, and the inner circumference of the pulling member slides vertically with the outer circumference of the energy storage device. The lower end of the pulling member passes through the housing and is connected to the impact head, and the upper end of the pulling member is connected to the lifting-release device. The lifting-release device cyclically lifts and releases the impact head through the pulling member. When the lifting-release device lifts the impact head, the impact head moves upward and compresses the energy storage device. When the lifting-release device releases the impact head, the energy storage device releases energy to push the impact head downward to perform work.

[0008] Furthermore, the energy storage device includes a cylinder and an impact column. The cylinder is composed of multiple cylindrical components with lower openings, which are coaxially sealed and abut against each other in sequence. The cylinder cover closes the lower opening of the lowest cylindrical component. The uppermost of the cylindrical components is defined as the main cylinder, and the rest are extended cylinders. The top wall of the extended cylinder has an inner hole and forms an annular wall. The impact column is provided with several piston flanges. The outer periphery of the piston flanges slides and seals with the inner periphery of the cylindrical components one by one. The inner periphery of the annular wall slides and seals with the outer periphery of the impact column. The piston flanges divide the inner cavity of the corresponding cylindrical components into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber of the main cylinder is provided with a main air bladder, and the upper chamber of the extended cylinder is provided with an annular air bladder. The inner periphery of the cylinder cover slides and seals with the outer periphery of the impact column. The cylinder is connected to the bottom wall of the housing. The lower end of the impact column passes through the bottom wall of the housing and abuts against the impact head.

[0009] Furthermore, the lifting-releasing device includes a lifter, a release frame, and release arms. The upper end of the pulling member is connected to the release frame. The lifter is mounted on the cylinder body and can be a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric cylinder. The piston rod of the lifter is set upward and connected to the column head. The upper ends of the two release arms are respectively hinged to the release frame. The lower ends of the two release arms swing synchronously closer to or further away. A lifting bearing assembly is rotatably mounted on the lower inner side of the two release arms, and a limit bearing assembly is rotatably mounted on the lower outer side of the two release arms. A limit slide is vertically slidably mounted on the outer side of the limit bearing assembly. When the two sets of limit bearing assemblies roll in cooperation with the inner limit surfaces of the corresponding limit slides, the two sets of lifting bearing assemblies abut against the top of the column head. When the two sets of limit bearing assemblies roll synchronously upward relative to the two limit slides and swing outward away from the inner limit surfaces of the corresponding limit slides, the two sets of lifting bearing assemblies separate, forming a notch through which the column head can pass.

[0010] Alternatively, the lifting-releasing device includes a lifting device, a release frame, and two support arms. The upper end of the pulling member is connected to the release frame. The lifting device is mounted on the cylinder body and can be a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric cylinder. The piston rod of the lifting device is positioned upwards. The support arms consist of an upper arm and a lower arm hinged together. A set of limit bearings is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the upper arm and the lower arm. The upper end of the upper arm is hinged to the release frame, and the lower end of the lower arm is hinged to the piston rod of the lifting device. The two sets of limit bearings protrude outwards and swing towards or away from each other. A limit strip is vertically slidably provided on the outer side of the limit bearing set. When the piston rod of the lifting device retracts, the two sets of limit bearings roll and engage with the inner limit surfaces of the two limit strips respectively. When the piston rod of the lifting device extends, the two sets of limit bearings roll upwards synchronously relative to the two limit strips and swing outwards away from the inner limit surfaces of the corresponding limit strips.

[0011] Furthermore, the shell has clearance openings on both sides, and two guide covers are correspondingly installed on the two clearance openings. The guide covers have vertically opened guide grooves on both sides. The limit slides have rotatable guide wheel sets on both sides. The guide wheel sets are in rolling cooperation with the corresponding guide grooves. The limit slides are supported on the bottom wall of the corresponding guide covers by a return spring. The limit frame is connected to the shell vertically by a small hydraulic cylinder. The two ends of the limit frame are bent downward and extend into the shell, corresponding to the two limit slides vertically.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a directional valve, which is connected to the lifter via a pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the lifting-releasing device includes a sector gear and a rack. The rack is vertically mounted on the release frame. A lifter is provided on the housing. The lifter is an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. The sector gear is rotatably mounted on the housing. The output shaft of the lifter is connected to the shaft of the sector gear. The sector gear meshes with or separates from the rack. The upper end of the pulling member is connected to the release frame.

[0014] Alternatively, the lifting-releasing device includes a full gear and a rack, with the rack vertically mounted on the release frame. A lifter is provided on the housing, which is an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. The full gear is rotatably mounted on the housing, and the full gear and the rack mesh with each other. The output shaft of the lifter is connected to the shaft of the full gear through a clutch, and the upper end of the pulling member is connected to the release frame.

[0015] Alternatively, the lifting-releasing device includes a bracket and a lifting column. The bracket is located at the upper end of the housing. Two cams are synchronously rotated and mounted on the bracket. The cams are coaxially connected to the driven gear. The top of the lifting column is provided with a horizontal shaft. The two ends of the horizontal shaft are respectively fitted with bushings. The outer periphery of the two cams and the lower outer periphery of the two bushings are in rolling fit. The outer periphery of the cam is provided with a large diameter end and a small diameter end. The large diameter end and the small diameter end are located on the same side of the cam's axis. The small diameter end and the large diameter end form a radial drop. The small diameter end is connected to the large diameter end through an outer peripheral curved surface with a gradually increasing diameter. The lower end of the lifting column passes through the housing and is connected to the release frame. The upper end of the pulling member is connected to the release frame.

[0016] Alternatively, the lifting-release device includes a support cylinder and a lifting cylinder. The support cylinder is located at the upper end of the housing. The outer circumference of the support cylinder is provided with a bearing groove, and the inner circumference of the lifting cylinder is provided with a circular ring structure. The circular ring structure and the bearing groove are rotatably engaged by a three-row roller combination turntable bearing. The outer circumference of the lifting cylinder is provided with a gear tooth structure. The upper end face of the lifting cylinder is two helical surfaces with the same direction of rotation, pitch, and height. The top of the lifting column is provided with a horizontal shaft, and the two ends of the horizontal shaft are respectively fitted with bushings. The two bushings are alternately rolled on the two helical surfaces. The lower end of the lifting column passes through the housing and is connected to the release frame. The upper end of the pulling member is connected to the release frame.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an impact shell and a ramming head or chisel. The shell and the impact shell are connected vertically. The impact shell slides with the ramming head or chisel. The lower end of the ramming head or chisel extends outside the impact shell. The impact head penetrates into the impact shell. When the impact head moves upward, it forms an impact distance with the ramming head or chisel. When the impact head strikes downward to do work, it hits the ramming head or chisel.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a buffer device to cushion the downward impact of the impact head after it strikes the ramming head or chisel.

[0019] Furthermore, the energy storage device is provided with a bushing on its outer periphery. The bushing is a PTFE bushing or a copper bushing. The inner periphery of the pulling member slides in conjunction with the outer periphery of the bushing. Lubricant is provided between the pulling member and the bushing.

[0020] Furthermore, the housing is connected to the vehicle via connecting lugs.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. Compared with the prior art, the present invention improves the pulling component into a cylindrical component and replaces the spring device in the prior art with an energy storage device with a cylindrical or polygonal prism-shaped rigid shell. The energy storage device is connected to the shell, so that the pulling component and the energy storage device can slide together to provide sliding guidance for the pulling component, increase the guiding contact surface, improve the guiding performance and structural strength of the pulling component, avoid bending of the pulling component, and reduce the vibration when the impact head impacts the chisel or ramming head.

[0023] 2. When the lifting-release device drives the impact head upward, it pulls the impact head downward. Each piston flange compresses the main air bladder or annular air bladder in the corresponding upper chamber to store energy. When the lifting-release device releases the impact head, the main air bladder and annular air bladder release their elasticity simultaneously, causing the impact column to push the impact head downward to perform work. The energy storage device of this invention is equivalent to multiple existing conventional compression energy storage devices connected in series. The number of cylindrical components can be increased or decreased as needed without increasing the diameter of the energy storage device, thereby increasing or decreasing the required impact force. The small diameter energy storage device reduces the size requirements of other components, and it is easier to manufacture and assemble. The small diameter of the energy storage device allows for a smaller overall size, improving the operational flexibility of the device. The lighter weight and smaller space required make it suitable for towing vehicles with lower power. Traditional rammers typically require 300,000 to 500,000 joules of impact energy. However, due to the limited pressure-bearing capacity of the cylinder and sealing ring, it is not possible to increase the impact force simply by increasing the air pressure in the upper chamber. But by designing the energy storage device in a multi-stage series configuration, the problem of insufficient energy in rammers can be solved.

[0024] 3. When the pulling component and the impact head work together, the overall impact mass is large, resulting in a higher kinetic energy conversion rate during external impact and making the impact head less prone to rebound. Under the same energy, a larger impact mass results in a lower velocity at the impact tip, which reduces the instantaneous impact and friction on the seals, extending their service life. When the energy storage device releases energy, the impact assembly formed by the combination of the pulling component and the impact head has a greater weight, thus possessing greater momentum and a better impact effect.

[0025] 4. No large crane is required. It relies on a motor vehicle carrier (height ≤ 4.5 meters) to solve the site limitations caused by the 20-30 meter height of traditional dynamic compaction machines. It can operate in confined spaces or low environments and is applicable to various scenarios such as building foundations, roadbeds, and site leveling.

[0026] 5. The lifting stroke of this invention is ≤4 meters. The impact stroke is much shorter than that of traditional dynamic compaction machines, and the operation frequency is higher than that of traditional dynamic compaction machines (1-3 minutes / time), which significantly improves the operation efficiency.

[0027] 6. The vehicle can move and transfer while simultaneously charging and lifting the impact head, eliminating the need to stop and place the tamping head, significantly shortening the site transfer time and greatly improving construction flexibility; moreover, it clearly defines the functional compatibility of different engineering vehicles, with excavators having dual functions to adapt to multiple scenarios, and loaders and bulldozers having single functions focused on dynamic compaction operations, meeting the needs of different users.

[0028] 7. Achieve high impact energy compaction with wide adaptability: Based on the technological breakthrough of the original patent, devices with impact energy of 300,000-100 joules and above can be manufactured to meet the compaction needs of different foundations; excavators and other vehicles can achieve dual functions of crushing and compaction by changing parts, adapting to a variety of operating scenarios.

[0029] 8. The outer periphery of the energy storage device is equipped with a bushing. The bushing can be made of wear-resistant and self-lubricating material to increase lubrication. The bushing can be replaced to avoid wear on the energy storage device.

[0030] 9. By adjusting the boom of the vehicle, the invention can be used at an angle for oblique compaction, which is suitable for use on slopes and protects the rammed earth.

[0031] 10. Traditional rammers require the purchase of multiple sets of hammers weighing tens of tons for different impact parameters, resulting in extremely high equipment purchase costs. This invention only requires one set of hammer heads, and various impact parameters can be switched by adjusting the output energy of the energy storage device, completely eliminating the need for additional hammer purchases. Furthermore, replacing heavy hammers on traditional rammers requires the use of large lifting equipment for disassembly and installation, which is complex, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and easily restricted by site conditions. This invention eliminates the need to replace hammers, making operation simple and efficient, significantly reducing construction preparation time, reducing reliance on professional operators and large auxiliary equipment, while avoiding the logistics and warehousing problems of large hammers, reducing equipment maintenance and management costs, and lowering the safety risks and operational hazards associated with hammer replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is an isometric view of the traction component;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a top view of energy storage device 3;

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA section view;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the lifting-releasing device and the impact head in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is an isometric view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention with the connecting lug removed;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the impact head in Embodiment 3 of the present invention connected to the lifting-releasing device via a pulling member;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting slider sliding inside the guide cover in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting slider structure;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the column capital structure;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom wall of the shell;

[0044] Figure 13 This is an isometric drawing of the energy storage device;

[0045] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting-releasing device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting-releasing device in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting-releasing device in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting-releasing device in Embodiment 9 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the cam and the bracket in Embodiment 9 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the cam structure in Embodiment 9 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting-releasing device in Embodiment 10 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the support cylinder and the lifting cylinder in Embodiment 10 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention being fixed on an excavator.

[0054] In the diagram, 1. Shell, 2. Lifting-Release Device, 3. Energy Storage Device, 4. Pulling Component, 5. Impact Head, 6. Connecting Ear, 7. Impact Shell, 8. Rammer Head or Chisel, 9. Release Frame, 10. Release Arm, 11. Lifting Bearing Assembly, 12. Limiting Bearing Assembly, 13. Limiting Slide Bar, 14. Column Head, 15. Return Spring, 16. Lifter, 17. Guide Groove, 18. Guide Cover, 19. Support Arm, 20. Cylinder, 21. Sector Gear, 22. Rack, 23. Bracket, 24. Bushing, 25. Horizontal Shaft, 26. Lifting Column, 27. Cam, 28. Driven Gear, 29. Small Diameter End, 30. Large Diameter End, 31. Lifting Cylinder, 32. Helical Surface, 33. Gear Tooth Structure, 34. 35. Support cylinder, 36. Connecting flap, 37. Impact column, 38. Main airbag, 39. Sealing gasket, 40. Annular airbag, 41. Sealing ring, 42. Lower chamber, 43. Cylinder head, 44. Piston flange, 45. Annular wall, 46. Long bolt, 47. Small oil cylinder, 48. Limit bracket, 49. Guide wheel assembly, 50. First arc surface, 51. Inclined surface, 52. Second arc surface, 53. Bushing, 54. Full gear, 55. Buffer, 56. Reversing valve, 57. Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0056] The connections mentioned in this invention are divided into fixed connections and detachable connections. Fixed connections, also known as non-detachable connections, include but are not limited to conventional fixed connection methods such as folded connections, riveted connections, adhesive connections, and welded connections. Detachable connections include but are not limited to conventional disassembly methods such as bolted connections, snap-fit ​​connections, pin connections, and hinged connections. When a specific connection method is not explicitly defined, it is assumed that at least one existing connection method can be found to achieve this function, and those skilled in the art can choose according to their needs. For example, a welded connection can be chosen for fixed connections, and a bolted connection can be chosen for detachable connections.

[0057] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0058] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 21As shown, an impact device includes a housing 1, a lifting-release device 2, an energy storage device 3, and an impact head 5. The lifting-release device 2 is located on the top of the housing 1. The energy storage device 3 is connected to the bottom of the housing 1. The impact head 5 is located below the housing 1. The working end of the energy storage device 3 abuts against the impact head 5 vertically. The pulling member 4 is a cylindrical component. The inner circumference of the pulling member 4 slides vertically with the outer circumference of the energy storage device 3. The lower end of the pulling member 4 passes through the housing 1 and is connected to the impact head 5. The upper end of the pulling member 4 is connected to the lifting-release device 2. The lifting-release device 2 lifts and releases the impact head 5 cyclically through the pulling member 4. When the lifting-release device 2 lifts the impact head 5, the impact head 5 moves upward and compresses the energy storage device 3. When the lifting-release device 2 releases the impact head 5, the energy storage device 3 releases energy to push the impact head 5 downward to perform work.

[0059] The bottom of the pull member 4 has several notches axially opened, which divide the pull member 4 into several connecting segments 35. The bottom wall of the housing 1 has several slots 56, and the connecting segments 35 and the slots 56 are slidably engaged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the present invention improves the pulling member 4 into a cylindrical component and replaces the spring device in the prior art with an energy storage device 3 having a cylindrical or polygonal rigid shell. The energy storage device 3 is connected to the shell 1, so that the pulling member 4 and the energy storage device 3 can slide together to provide sliding guidance for the pulling member 4, increase the guiding contact surface, improve the guiding performance and structural strength of the pulling member 4, prevent the pulling member 4 from bending, and reduce the vibration generated by the sliding of the pulling member 4.

[0061] Example 2: Figure 1 , Figures 3-5 , Figure 8 , Figure 13As shown in the illustration, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Example 1. The energy storage device 3 includes a cylinder and an impact column 36. The cylinder is composed of multiple cylindrical components 20 with lower openings, which are sequentially and coaxially sealed against each other. The cylindrical components 20 are fixed by long bolts 45. Adjacent cylindrical components 20 are fitted with a stop and sealed by a sealing gasket 38. The cylinder cover 42 closes the lower opening of the lowest cylindrical component 20. The uppermost of the cylindrical components 20 is defined as the main cylinder, and the rest are extended cylinders. The top wall of the extended cylinder has an inner hole and forms an annular wall 44. The impact column 36 is provided with multiple piston flanges 43. The outer periphery of the multiple piston flanges 43 is connected to the multiple cylindrical components. The inner circumferential walls of component 20 are slidably sealed by sealing rings 40. The inner circumference of the annular wall 44 and the outer circumference of the impact column 36 are slidably sealed by sealing rings 40. The piston flange 43 divides the inner cavity of the corresponding cylindrical component 20 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber 41. The upper chamber of the main cylinder is provided with a main airbag 37, and the upper chamber of the extended cylinder is provided with an annular airbag 39. The inner circumference of the cylinder head 42 and the outer circumference of the impact column 36 are slidably sealed by sealing rings 40. The cylinder body is connected to the bottom wall of the housing 1. The lower end of the impact column 36 is the working end of the energy storage device 3. The lower end of the impact column 36 passes through the bottom wall of the housing 1 and abuts against the impact head 5.

[0062] When the lifting-release device 2 drives the impact head 5 upward, it pushes the impact head 36 upward. Each piston flange 43 compresses the main air bladder 37 or annular air bladder 39 in the corresponding upper chamber to store energy. When the lifting-release device 2 releases the impact head 5, the main air bladder 37 and annular air bladder 39 simultaneously release their elasticity, causing the impact column 36 to push the impact head 5 downward to perform work. The energy storage device 3 of this invention is equivalent to multiple existing conventional compression energy storage devices connected in series. The number of cylindrical components 20 can be increased or decreased as needed without increasing the diameter of the energy storage device 3, thereby increasing or decreasing the required impact force. The small diameter of the energy storage device 3 reduces the size requirements of other components, and the small diameter energy storage device 3 is easier to manufacture and assemble. The small diameter of the energy storage device 3 allows for a smaller overall size, improving the operational flexibility of the device, and the overall weight is light, occupying less space.

[0063] The piston flange 43 at the top is integrally formed with the impact column 36 or is connected separately, while the other piston flanges 43 are all connected separately to the impact column 36, for example by threaded connection. After drilling, the screw is tightened to prevent backlash. In this way, the piston flange 43 at the top can be fitted with the main cylinder first, and then the other extended cylinders and piston flanges 43 can be installed alternately to complete the assembly of the energy storage device 3.

[0064] Example 3: Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figures 8-13As shown in Embodiment 2, this embodiment is described below. The lifting-releasing device 2 includes a lifting device 16, a release frame 9, and release arms 10. The upper end of the pulling member 4 is connected to the release frame 9. The lifting device 16 is mounted on the cylinder body and can be a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric cylinder. The piston rod of the lifting device 16 is positioned upward and connected to the column head 14. The upper ends of the two release arms 10 are respectively hinged to the release frame 9. The lower ends of the two release arms 10 swing synchronously towards or away from each other. A lifting bearing assembly 1 is rotatably mounted on the lower inner side of the two release arms 10. 1. A limit bearing assembly 12 is rotatably provided on the lower outer side of the two release arms 10. A limit slide bar 13 is vertically slidably provided on the outer side of the limit bearing assembly 12. When the two sets of limit bearing assemblies 12 roll in cooperation with the inner limit surfaces of the corresponding limit slide bars 13, the two sets of lifting bearing assemblies 11 abut against the top of the column head 14. When the two sets of limit bearing assemblies 12 roll upward synchronously relative to the two limit slide bars 13 and swing outward away from the inner limit surfaces of the corresponding limit slide bars 13, the two sets of lifting bearing assemblies 11 separate, forming a notch through which the column head 14 can pass.

[0065] A torsion spring can be installed between the release frame 9 and the release arm 10 so that the two release arms 10 always tend to be close to each other. First, the impact head 5 is at the bottom of the stroke, the energy storage device 3 is in the extended state, the return spring 15 is in the extended state, the return spring 15 pushes the corresponding limit slide 13 to slide upward, the two sets of lifting bearing groups 11 abut against each other, the outer periphery of the limit bearing group 12 abuts against the inner limit surface of the corresponding limit slide 13, and the piston rod of the lifter 16 is located on the lower side of the two sets of lifting bearing groups 11.

[0066] Secondly, the piston rod of the lifter 16 extends and pushes the two sets of lifting bearing assemblies 11 upward to lift the release frame 9, thereby driving the impact head 5 to rise. The impact head 5 gradually compresses the energy storage device 3. When the limit bearing assembly 12 slides upward and disengages from the inner limit surface of the corresponding limit slide bar 13, the two release arms 10 swing away from each other, and a gap is formed between the two sets of lifting bearing assemblies 11 for the column head 14 to pass through.

[0067] Then, the release frame 9 is no longer supported, the energy storage device 3 releases the elastic force to push the impact head 5 downward, and at the same time, several limit bearing groups 12 press down several limit slides 13 to slide downward, and the limit slides 13 compress the corresponding reset springs 15.

[0068] Finally, the lifter 16 drives the column head 14 to retract to the lower side of the two sets of lifting bearing assemblies 11. The two sets of release arms 10 swing towards each other under the action of the torsion spring. The two sets of lifting bearing assemblies 11 abut against each other again, and the limit bearing assembly 12 no longer presses down on the corresponding limit slide 13. The reset spring 15 extends and pushes the corresponding limit slide 13 to slide up. The limit bearing assembly 12 abuts against the inner limit surface of the corresponding limit slide 13 again, completing one impact cycle.

[0069] Example 4: Figure 5 , Figures 9-14 As shown, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Embodiments 2 and 3. Compared to Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides another technical solution for the lifting-releasing device. Specifically, the lifting-releasing device 2 includes a lifting device 16, a release frame 9, and two support arms 19. The upper end of the pulling member 4 is connected to the release frame 9. The lifting device 16 is mounted on the cylinder body and can be a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric cylinder. The piston rod of the lifting device 16 is upwardly oriented. The support arm 19 is composed of an upper arm and a lower arm hinged together. A limit bearing assembly 12 is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the upper arm and the lower arm. The upper end of the upper arm is hinged to the release frame 9, and the lower end of the lower arm is hinged to the piston rod of the lifter 16. Two sets of limit bearing assemblies 12 protrude outward and swing closer to or further away from each other. Limiting slide bars 13 are vertically slidably provided on the outer side of the limit bearing assembly 12. When the piston rod of the lifter 16 retracts, the two sets of limit bearing assemblies 12 roll and cooperate with the inner limiting surfaces of the two limiting slide bars 13 respectively. When the piston rod of the lifter 16 extends, the two sets of limit bearing assemblies 12 roll upward synchronously relative to the two limiting slide bars 13 and swing outward away from the inner limiting surfaces of the corresponding limiting slide bars 13.

[0070] First, the impact head 5 is at the bottom of the stroke, the energy storage device 3 is in the extended state, the return spring 15 is in the extended state, the return spring 15 pushes the corresponding limit slide 13 to slide upward, the piston rod of the lifter 16 retracts, the outer periphery of the limit bearing assembly 12 abuts against the inner limit surface of the corresponding limit slide 13 and limits it, and several support arms 19 support the release frame 9.

[0071] Then, the piston rod of the lifter 16 extends and lifts the release frame 9 through the two support arms 19, thereby driving the impact head 5 to rise. The impact head 5 gradually compresses the energy storage device 3, and the limit bearing assembly 12 rolls upward along the corresponding limit slide 13. When the limit bearing assembly 12 slides upward and disengages from the inner limit surface of the limit slide 13, the two sets of limit bearing assemblies 12 swing in opposite directions in sync. The upper arm and lower arm fold and retract, and at the same time, the release frame 9 is no longer supported. The energy storage device 3 releases its elastic force to push the impact head 5 downward. The two sets of limit bearing assemblies 12 push the two limit slides 13 downward respectively, and the limit slides 13 compress the corresponding return spring 15.

[0072] Finally, the piston rod of the lifter 16 retracts, and the lifter 16 pulls the two support arms 19, causing the two sets of limit bearing assemblies 12 to swing towards each other. The limit bearing assembly 12 no longer presses down on the corresponding limit slide bar 13, and the reset spring 15 extends to push the corresponding limit slide bar 13 upward. The limit bearing assembly 12 then abuts against the inner limit surface of the corresponding limit slide bar 13 again, completing one impact cycle.

[0073] Example 5: Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figures 7-10 , Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Embodiments 3 and 4. The housing 1 has clearance openings on both sides, and two guide covers 18 are correspondingly installed on the two clearance openings. The guide covers 18 have vertically opened guide grooves 17 on both sides. The limit slide 13 has rotatably installed guide wheel sets 48 on both sides. The guide wheel sets 48 roll with the corresponding guide grooves 17. The limit slide 13 is supported on the bottom wall of the corresponding guide cover 18 by a reset spring 15. The limit frame 47 is connected to the housing 1 vertically by a small oil cylinder 46. The two ends of the limit frame 47 are bent downward and extend into the housing 1, and are correspondingly installed vertically with the two limit slides 13.

[0074] When the lifting-releasing device releases the pulling member 4, the limiting bearing assembly 12 slides downward with the pulling member 4, and at the same time, it presses down the limiting slide bar 13 and slides downward. The return spring 15 can buffer the downward movement of the limiting slide bar 13. When the two sets of limiting bearing assemblies 12 swing towards each other and no longer press down the limiting slide bar 13, the return spring 15 pushes the limiting slide bar 13 upward, so that the limiting bearing assembly 12 can roll and limit the inner limiting surface of the corresponding limiting slide bar 13 again. The function of the limiting frame 47 is to limit the highest position of the upper sliding of the limiting slide bar 13. By adjusting the extension length of the piston rod of the small oil cylinder 46, the highest position of the upper sliding of the limiting slide bar 13 can be changed.

[0075] Example 6: Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown in the examples 3 and 4, this embodiment also includes a reversing valve 55, which is connected to the lifter 16 via a pipeline to control the lifting and lowering of the piston rod of the lifter 16.

[0076] Example 7: Figure 5 , Figures 9-13 , Figure 15 As shown, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Embodiments 2 and 3. Compared with Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides another technical solution for the lifting-releasing device. Specifically, the lifting-releasing device 2 includes a sector gear 21 and a rack 22. The rack 22 is vertically arranged on the release frame 9. The housing 1 is provided with a lifter 16, which is a motor or hydraulic motor. The sector gear 21 is rotatably arranged on the housing 1. The output shaft of the lifter 16 is connected to the shaft of the sector gear 21. The sector gear 21 meshes with or separates from the rack 22. The upper end of the pulling member 4 is connected to the release frame 9.

[0077] The lifting device 16 drives the release frame 9 to rise via the sector gear 21 and rack 22, which in turn drives the impact head 5 to rise. The impact head 5 gradually compresses the energy storage device 3. When the impact head 5 rises to the top of its stroke, the toothless side of the sector gear 21 faces the rack 22, and the sector gear 21 disengages from the rack 22. The energy storage device 3 releases its elastic force to push the impact head 5 downward, which in turn drives the release frame 9 and rack 22 to move downward. After the sector gear 21 rotates one revolution, it re-engages with the rack 22, completing one impact cycle.

[0078] Example 8: Figures 9-13 , Figure 16 As shown, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Embodiment Seven. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment Four is that the full gear is replaced with the sector gear 21 in Embodiment Four, and a clutch is set between the rotating shaft of the full gear and the output shaft of the lifter. The output and disconnection of the lifting force of the impact head 5 are realized through the clutch. The rest of the technical solutions are the same as in Embodiment Four. Specifically, the lifting-release device 2 includes a full gear 53 and a rack 22. The rack 22 is vertically arranged on the release frame 9. The housing 1 is provided with a lifter 16, which is a motor or hydraulic motor. The full gear 53 is rotatably arranged on the housing 1. The full gear 53 and the rack 22 mesh with each other. The output rotating shaft of the lifter 16 is connected to the rotating shaft of the full gear 53 through a clutch. The upper end of the pulling member 4 is connected to the release frame 9.

[0079] The lifter 16 drives the release frame 9 to rise via the full gear 53 and rack 22, which in turn drives the impact head 5 to rise. The impact head 5 gradually compresses the energy storage device 3. When the impact head 5 rises to the top of its stroke, the clutch disengages, and the energy storage device 3 releases its elastic force to push the impact head 5 downward, thereby driving the release frame 9 and rack 22 to move downward. The full gear 53 passively rotates in the opposite direction as the rack 22 moves downward. When the impact head 5 strikes downward to the bottom of its stroke, the clutch re-engages, completing one impact cycle.

[0080] Example 9: Figure 5 , Figures 9-13 , Figures 17-19As shown, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Embodiments 2 and 3. Compared with Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides another technical solution for the lifting-releasing device 2. Specifically, the lifting-releasing device 2 includes a bracket 23 and a lifting column 26. The bracket 23 is set at the upper end of the housing 1. Two cams 27 are synchronously rotated and set on the bracket 23. The cams 27 are coaxially connected to the driven gear 28. The top end of the lifting column 26 is provided with a horizontal shaft 25. The two ends of the horizontal shaft 25 are respectively sleeved with bushings 24. The outer periphery of the two cams 27 and the lower outer periphery of the two bushings 24 are in rolling fit. The outer periphery of the cam 27 is provided with a large diameter end 30 and a small diameter end 29. The large diameter end 30 and the small diameter end 29 are located on the same side of the axis of the cam 27. The small diameter end 29 and the large diameter end 30 form a radial drop. The small diameter end 29 is connected to the large diameter end 30 through an outer peripheral curved surface with a gradually increasing diameter. The lower end of the lifting column 26 passes through the housing 1 and is connected to the release frame 9. The upper end of the pulling member 4 is connected to the release frame 9.

[0081] As the cam 27 rotates from the small diameter end 29 abutting against the corresponding bushing 24 to the large diameter end 30 abutting against the corresponding bushing 24, the cam 27 lifts the release frame 9 through the lifting column 26, thereby driving the impact head 5 to rise. The impact head 5 gradually compresses the energy storage device 3. When the impact head 5 rises to the top of its stroke, the bushing 24 disengages from the large diameter end 30 and falls to the small diameter end 29. The energy storage device 3 releases its elastic force to push the impact head 5 downward to impact.

[0082] By driving the drive gear to rotate with the motor and meshing the driven gear 28 with the drive gear, the cam 27 can be driven to rotate, thereby realizing the lifting and release of the impact head 5.

[0083] Example 10: As Figure 5 , Figures 9-13 , Figure 20 , Figure 21 As shown, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Embodiments 2 and 3. Compared with Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides another technical solution for the lifting-releasing device 2. Specifically, the lifting-releasing device 2 includes a support cylinder 34 and a lifting cylinder 31. The support cylinder 34 is disposed at the upper end of the housing 1. The outer periphery of the support cylinder 34 is provided with a bearing groove. The inner periphery of the lifting cylinder 31 is provided with a circular ring structure. The circular ring structure and the bearing groove are rotatably engaged by a three-row roller combination turntable bearing. The outer periphery of the lifting cylinder 31 is provided with a gear tooth structure 33. The upper end surface of the lifting cylinder 31 is two helical surfaces 32. The two helical surfaces 32 have the same direction of rotation, pitch, and height. The top end of the lifting column 26 is provided with a horizontal shaft 25. The two ends of the horizontal shaft 25 are respectively sleeved with bushings 24. The two bushings 24 are alternately rolled on the two helical surfaces 32. The lower end of the lifting column 26 passes through the housing 1 and is connected to the release frame 9. The upper end of the pulling member 4 is connected to the release frame 9.

[0084] As the spiral surface 32 rotates from its bottom end abutting against the corresponding bushing 24 to its top end abutting against the corresponding bushing 24, the release frame 9 is gradually lifted to a high position by the lifting column 26, thereby driving the impact head 5 to rise. The impact head 5 gradually compresses the energy storage device 3. When the impact head 5 rises to the top of its stroke, the bushing 24 disengages from the top of the current spiral surface 32 and falls to the bottom of another spiral surface 32. The energy storage device 3 releases its elastic force to push the impact head 5 downward to impact.

[0085] By driving the drive gear to rotate with the motor and meshing the gear tooth structure 33 with the drive gear, the lifting cylinder 31 can be driven to rotate, thereby realizing the lifting and release of the impact head 5.

[0086] Example 11: As Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown in the illustration, this embodiment, in conjunction with Example 1, further includes an impact shell 7 and a ramming head or chisel 8. The shell 1 and the impact shell 7 are connected vertically. The impact shell 7 is slidably engaged with the ramming head or chisel 8. The lower end of the ramming head or chisel 8 extends beyond the impact shell 7, and the impact head 5 penetrates into the impact shell 7. The ramming head or chisel 8 is provided with a limiting groove, and a limiting pin passes through the limiting groove and is connected to the impact shell 7. The limiting groove and the limiting pin are vertically slidably engaged, thus ensuring that the ramming head or chisel 8 is always slidably engaged with the impact shell 7 within a certain range. During operation, the ramming head or chisel 8 rests against the ground or a rock or other object awaiting construction. The ramming head or chisel 8 then slides upward relative to the impact shell 7. When the impact head 5 moves upward, an impact distance is formed between it and the ramming head or chisel 8. When the impact head 5 strikes downward, it hits the ramming head or chisel 8. If the ramming head or chisel 8 does not rest against any object, it will slide downward relative to the impact shell 7 due to gravity. Therefore, the design ensures that the impact head 5 maintains a certain distance from the ramming head or chisel 8 when it strikes downward, preventing the device itself from bearing the impact force.

[0087] Example 12: As Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown in Example 11, this embodiment also includes a buffer device to buffer the downward impact of the impact head 5 after it strikes the ramming head or the chisel rod 8.

[0088] Example 11 established the connection method between the ramming head or chisel 8 and the impact shell 7. Specifically, the actual lowest point of the impact head 5's stroke is within the upper stroke range of the ramming head or chisel 8, meaning the actual lowest point of the impact head 5 is between the highest and lowest points of the stroke at the top of the ramming head or chisel 8. Therefore, when the ramming head or chisel 8 rests against the object to be worked on and slides upwards relative to the impact shell 7, the impact head 5 can strike the ramming head or chisel 8 with full force. The ramming head or chisel 8, acting as an impact transmission component, transmits the impact force to the object to be worked on, which ultimately absorbs the impact force. However, after striking the ramming head or chisel 8, the impact head 5 may still have some residual force. At this point, the ramming head or chisel 8 has already slid downwards relative to the impact shell 7. To avoid "dry striking," a buffer device is used to cushion the continued downward impact of the impact head 5, preventing the device from claiming to bear the residual force.

[0089] The specific steps can be as follows:

[0090] It also includes a buffer 54, which includes a buffer shell and a diaphragm. The diaphragm divides the buffer shell into an air chamber and an oil chamber. The air chamber contains a gas medium. Each lower chamber 41 is connected to the oil chamber. The lower chamber 41 and the oil chamber contain a hydraulic oil medium. After the impact head 5 hits the ram head or the chisel 8, the hydraulic oil medium squeezes the diaphragm to deform towards the air chamber. During the compression of the gas medium, the hydraulic oil medium applies a reverse thrust to each piston flange 43, so that the impact column 36 is buffered and the energy storage device 3 is not damaged.

[0091] Alternatively, each lower chamber 41 can be set as an independent closed space, with a buffer airbag installed in the lower chamber 41 and filled with medium gas. Alternatively, medium gas can be directly filled into the lower chamber 41. After the impact head 5 hits the ram head or the chisel 8, the medium gas is compressed to a certain extent, which will prevent the impact column 36 from continuing to slide down.

[0092] Example 13: As Figure 12 As shown in the illustration, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Embodiment 1. The outer periphery of the energy storage device 3 is provided with a bushing 52, which is a PTFE bushing or a copper bushing. The inner periphery of the pulling member 4 is in sliding fit with the outer periphery of the bushing 52. Lubricating grease is provided between the pulling member 4 and the bushing 52 to protect the energy storage device 3 from wear and to minimize the friction between the pulling member 4 and the energy storage device 3, thereby avoiding energy loss.

[0093] Example 14: Figure 22 As shown, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Embodiments 1 to 13. The housing 1 is connected to the boom of a vehicle such as an excavator via the connecting lug 6.

[0094] For other details not mentioned in this invention, please refer to the invention patent with publication number CN120001507B, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] Other advantages of the present invention include:

[0096] 1. The pulling component and the impact head work together to produce a large overall impact mass. The kinetic energy conversion rate is high when impacting externally, and the impact head is not easy to rebound. Under the same energy, the larger impact mass makes the impact end speed smaller. The reduced speed can reduce the instantaneous impact and friction on the seal and extend the service life of the seal.

[0097] 2. No large crane is required. It relies on a motor vehicle carrier (height ≤ 4.5 meters) to solve the site limitations caused by the 20-30 meter height of traditional dynamic compaction machines. It can operate in confined spaces or low environments and is applicable to various scenarios such as building foundations, roadbeds, and site leveling.

[0098] 3. The lifting stroke of this invention is ≤4 meters. The impact stroke is much shorter than that of traditional dynamic compaction machines, and the operation frequency is higher than that of traditional dynamic compaction machines (1-3 minutes / time), which significantly improves the operation efficiency.

[0099] 4. The vehicle can move and transfer while simultaneously charging and lifting the impact head, eliminating the need to stop and place the tamping head, significantly shortening the site transfer time and greatly improving construction flexibility; and it clearly defines the functional compatibility of different engineering vehicles, with excavators having dual functions to adapt to multiple scenarios, and loaders and bulldozers having single functions focused on dynamic compaction operations, meeting the needs of different users.

[0100] 5. Achieve high impact energy compaction with wide adaptability: Based on the technological breakthrough of the original patent, devices with impact energy of 100,000 joules and above can be manufactured to meet the compaction needs of different foundations; the excavator can achieve dual functions of crushing and compaction by changing parts, adapting to a variety of operating scenarios.

[0101] 6. The outer periphery of the energy storage device is equipped with a bushing. The bushing can be made of wear-resistant and self-lubricating material to increase lubrication. The bushing can be replaced to avoid wear on the energy storage device.

[0102] 7. By adjusting the boom of the vehicle, the invention can be used at an angle for oblique compaction, which is suitable for use on slopes and protects the rammed earth.

[0103] 8. Traditional rammers require the purchase of multiple sets of hammers weighing tens of tons for different impact parameters, resulting in extremely high equipment purchase costs. This invention only requires one set of hammer heads, and various impact parameters can be switched by adjusting the output energy of the energy storage device, completely eliminating the need for additional hammer purchases. Furthermore, replacing heavy hammers on traditional rammers requires the use of large lifting equipment for disassembly and installation, which is complex, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and easily restricted by site conditions. This invention eliminates the need to replace hammers, making operation simple and efficient, significantly reducing construction preparation time, reducing reliance on professional operators and large auxiliary equipment, while avoiding the logistics and warehousing problems of large hammers, reducing equipment maintenance and management costs, and lowering the safety risks and operational hazards associated with hammer replacement.

[0104] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the present invention and do not limit its scope of protection. Those skilled in the art can make partial changes to them, as long as they do not exceed the spirit and essence of the present invention, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact device, characterized by: The utility model provides a kind of impact device, including shell (1), lift-release device (2), energy storage device (3) and impact head (5), the top of shell (1) is provided with lift-release device (2), energy storage device (3) is connected with the bottom of shell (1), impact head (5) is below shell (1), the working end of energy storage device (3) is up and down with impact head (5), pulling member (4) is cylindrical member, the inner periphery of pulling member (4) is vertically slidingly fitted with the outer periphery of energy storage device (3), the lower end of pulling member (4) passes through shell (1), and is connected with impact head (5), the upper end of pulling member (4) is connected with lift-release device (2), lift-release device (2) is lifted and released by pulling member (4) cycle impact head (5), when lift-release device (2) lifts impact head (5), impact head (5) moves up and compresses energy storage device (3), when lift-release device (2) releases impact head (5), energy storage device (3) releases energy and pushes impact head (5) and impacts down and works.

2. An impact device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Energy storage device (3) includes cylinder and impact column (36), the cylinder is composed of a plurality of lower opening cylindrical members (20) sequentially coaxially sealed end-to-end, cylinder cover (42) seals the lower opening of the lowermost cylindrical member (20), defines the uppermost of a plurality of cylindrical members (20) as main cylinder, the rest is expansion cylinder, the top wall of the expansion cylinder is provided with an inner hole and forms annular wall (44), impact column (36) is provided with a plurality of piston flanges (43), the outer periphery of a plurality of piston flanges (43) and the inner wall of a plurality of cylindrical members (20) are one-to-one slidingly sealed, the inner periphery of annular wall (44) and the outer periphery of impact column (36) are slidingly sealed, piston flange (43) separates the inner cavity of corresponding cylindrical member (20) into upper chamber and lower chamber (41), the upper chamber of the main cylinder is provided with main air bag (37), the upper chamber of the expansion cylinder is provided with annular air bag (39), the inner periphery of cylinder cover (42) and the outer periphery of impact column (36) are slidingly sealed, the cylinder is connected with the bottom wall of shell (1), the lower end of impact column (36) passes through the bottom wall of shell (1), and is abutted with impact head (5).

3. An impact device according to claim 2, wherein: The lifting-releasing device (2) comprises a lifter (16), a releasing frame (9) and a releasing arm (10), the upper end of the pulling member (4) is connected with the releasing frame (9), the lifter (16) is arranged on the cylinder body, the lifter (16) is a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder, the piston rod of the lifter (16) is arranged upwardly and connected with the column head (14), the upper ends of the two releasing arms (10) are hingedly connected with the releasing frame (9) respectively, the lower ends of the two releasing arms (10) swing synchronously close to or away from each other, the inner sides of the lower portions of the two releasing arms (10) are rotatably provided with lifting bearing sets (11), the outer sides of the lower portions of the two releasing arms (10) are rotatably provided with limiting bearing sets (12), the outer sides of the limiting bearing sets (12) are vertically slidably provided with limiting sliding strips (13), when the two limiting bearing sets (12) are in rolling fit with the inner limiting surfaces of the corresponding limiting sliding strips (13), the two lifting bearing sets (11) are abutted above the column head (14), when the two limiting bearing sets (12) roll upward synchronously relative to the two limiting sliding strips (13) and swing outwardly away from the inner limiting surfaces of the corresponding limiting sliding strips (13), the two lifting bearing sets (11) are separated to form a gap through which the column head (14) can pass. Alternatively, the lifting-releasing device (2) comprises a lifter (16), a releasing frame (9) and two supporting arms (19), the upper end of the pulling member (4) is connected with the releasing frame (9), the lifter (16) is arranged on the cylinder body, the lifter (16) is a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder, the piston rod of the lifter (16) is arranged upwardly, the supporting arm (19) is composed of an upper arm and a lower arm, the upper arm and the lower arm are hingedly connected, the hinged shaft between the upper arm and the lower arm is sleeved with a limiting bearing set (12), the upper end of the upper arm is hingedly connected with the releasing frame (9), the lower end of the lower arm is hingedly connected with the piston rod of the lifter (16), the two limiting bearing sets (12) protrude outwardly and swing close to or away from each other, the outer sides of the limiting bearing sets (12) are vertically slidably provided with limiting sliding strips (13), when the piston rod of the lifter (16) is retracted, the two limiting bearing sets (12) are in rolling fit with the inner limiting surfaces of the two limiting sliding strips (13) respectively, when the piston rod of the lifter (16) is extended, the two limiting bearing sets (12) roll upward synchronously relative to the two limiting sliding strips (13) and swing outwardly away from the inner limiting surfaces of the corresponding limiting sliding strips (13).

4. An impact device according to claim 3, wherein: The two sides of the shell (1) are provided with avoiding openings, two guide covers (18) are correspondingly arranged in the two avoiding openings, the two sides of the guide cover (18) are vertically provided with guide grooves (17), the two sides of the limiting sliding strip (13) are rotatably provided with guide wheel sets (48), the guide wheel sets (48) are in rolling fit with the corresponding guide grooves (17), the limiting sliding strip (13) is supported on the bottom wall of the corresponding guide cover (18) through a return spring (15), a limiting frame (47) is connected with the shell (1) in an up-down manner through a small oil cylinder (46), the two ends of the limiting frame (47) are bent downwardly and extended into the shell (1) to be arranged in an up-down manner corresponding to the two limiting sliding strips (13).

5. The impact device of claim 3, wherein: A reversing valve (55) is further included and connected to the lifting device (16) through a pipeline.

6. The impact device of claim 2, wherein: The lifting-releasing device (2) comprises a sector gear (21) and a rack (22), the rack (22) is vertically arranged on the releasing frame (9), the housing (1) is provided with a lifting device (16), the lifting device (16) is a motor or a hydraulic motor, the sector gear (21) is rotatably arranged on the housing (1), the output shaft of the lifting device (16) is connected to the rotating shaft of the sector gear (21), the sector gear (21) is engaged with or separated from the rack (22), the upper end of the pulling member (4) is connected to the releasing frame (9); Alternatively, the lifting-releasing device (2) comprises a full gear (53) and a rack (22), the rack (22) is vertically arranged on the releasing frame (9), the housing (1) is provided with a lifting device (16), the lifting device (16) is a motor or a hydraulic motor, the full gear (53) is rotatably arranged on the housing (1), the full gear (53) is engaged with the rack (22), the output shaft of the lifting device (16) is connected to the rotating shaft of the full gear (53) through a clutch, and the upper end of the pulling member (4) is connected to the releasing frame (9); Alternatively, the lifting-releasing device (2) comprises a bracket (23) and a lifting column (26), the bracket (23) is arranged at the upper end of the housing (1), two cams (27) are synchronously rotatably arranged on the bracket (23), the cam (27) is coaxially connected to a driven gear (28), the top end of the lifting column (26) is provided with a horizontal shaft (25), the two ends of the horizontal shaft (25) are respectively sleeved with shaft sleeves (24), the outer periphery of the two cams (27) is in rolling fit with the outer periphery of the two shaft sleeves (24) on the lower side one by one, the outer periphery of the cam (27) is provided with a large-diameter end (30) and a small-diameter end (29), the large-diameter end (30) and the small-diameter end (29) are located on the same side of the axis of the cam (27), the small-diameter end (29) and the large-diameter end (30) form a radial difference, the small-diameter end (29) is connected to the large-diameter end (30) through an outer peripheral curved surface with gradually increasing diameter, the lower end of the lifting column (26) penetrates through the housing (1) and is connected to the releasing frame (9), and the upper end of the pulling member (4) is connected to the releasing frame (9); Alternatively, the lifting-releasing device (2) comprises a bracket (23) and a lifting column (26), the bracket (23) is arranged at the upper end of the housing (1), two cams (27) are synchronously rotatably arranged on the bracket (23), the cam (27) is coaxially connected to a driven gear (28), the top end of the lifting column (26) is provided with a horizontal shaft (25), the two ends of the horizontal shaft (25) are respectively sleeved with shaft sleeves (24), the outer periphery of the two cams (27) is in rolling fit with the outer periphery of the two shaft sleeves (24) on the lower side one by one, the outer periphery of the cam (27) is provided with a large-diameter end (30) and a small-diameter end (29), the large-diameter end (30) and the small-diameter end (29) are located on the same side of the axis of the cam (27), the small-diameter end (29) and the large-diameter end (30) form a radial difference, the small-diameter end (29) is connected to the large-diameter end (30) through an outer peripheral curved surface with gradually increasing diameter, the lower end of the lifting column (26) penetrates through the housing (1) and is connected to the releasing frame (9), and the upper end of the pulling member (4) is connected to the releasing frame (9); Alternatively, the lifting-releasing device (2) comprises a bracket (23) and a lifting column (26), the bracket (23) is arranged at the upper end of the housing (1), two cams (27) are synchronously rotatably arranged on the bracket (23), the cam (27) is coaxially connected to a driven gear (28), the top end of the lifting column (26) is provided with a horizontal shaft (25), the two ends of the horizontal shaft (25) are respectively sleeved with shaft sleeves (24), the outer periphery of the two cams (27) is in rolling fit with the outer periphery of the two shaft sleeves (24) on the lower side one by one, the outer periphery of the cam (27) is provided with a large-diameter end (30) and a small-diameter end (29), the large-diameter end (30) and the small-diameter end (29) are located on the same side of the axis of the cam (27), the small-diameter end (29) and the large-diameter end (30) form a radial difference, the small-diameter end (29) is connected to the large-diameter end (30) through an outer peripheral curved surface with gradually increasing diameter, the lower end of the lifting column (26) penetrates through the housing (1) and is connected to the releasing frame (9), and the upper end of the pulling member (4) is connected to the releasing frame (9); 7. The impact device of claim 2, wherein: The impact head (5) is arranged in the impact shell (7) and is capable of moving up and down in the impact shell (7).

8. An impact device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The buffer device is arranged for buffering the downward impact of the impact head (5) after the impact head (5) hits the rammer head or the drill rod (8).

9. The impact device of claim 1, wherein: The outer periphery of the energy storage device (3) is provided with a bushing (52), which is a Teflon bushing or a copper bushing.

10. An impact device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The shell (1) is connected to a carrier through the connecting lug (6).

Images