Swing mechanism capable of precisely adjusting gear clearance and having self-locking function and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a slewing mechanism capable of precisely adjusting a gear clearance and having a self-locking function and a using method, the slewing mechanism comprises a rotary table, a slewing bearing, a slewing motor, a slewing motor mounting seat and an angle sensor, a bulge is arranged on the slewing motor mounting seat, a limiting block is arranged on the rotary table, and a wedge-shaped plate is arranged between the limiting block and the bulge; the wedge-shaped plate is provided with an unthreaded hole and a threaded hole which are used for placing the adjusting bolt, and the angle sensor is used for detecting the rotation gap angle. The wedge-shaped plate is arranged between the rotary motor mounting base and the rotary table, the center distance is adjusted through the wedge-shaped block, clearance change of gears of the rotary mechanism is achieved, related faults of rotary shaking or large rotary clearance can be effectively solved, and the workload of replacing a rotary bearing or a rotary motor is greatly reduced; and the center distance is precisely adjusted by adjusting the bolts on the wedge-shaped plates, precise regulation and control of the gear clearance are achieved, and the equipment reliability and the production efficiency are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, specifically a rotary mechanism with a self-locking function for precisely adjusting gear clearance and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Swing vibration has long been a problem plaguing the excavator industry, typically occurring during the break-in period of new excavators. The main cause is insufficient meshing clearance between the slewing bearing gear (large gear) and the slewing motor gear (small gear), leading to interference between the two gears. Slight interference can affect the user's operating experience, while severe interference can damage the slewing bearing or motor gears. As the vehicle is used for a longer period, wear on the large and small gears increases, resulting in increased swing clearance and an abnormal lag during slewing. Both of these situations negatively impact the customer's operating experience.

[0003] There are many reasons for insufficient or excessive gear clearance, such as the mounting center distance of structural components and the common normal of the gears. In actual production, once a clearance problem occurs, it is often necessary to replace structural components or gears of different sizes, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also seriously affects production efficiency.

[0004] In existing technologies, an eccentric sleeve is used to adjust the center distance of the rotary mechanism, but this solution has obvious drawbacks. On the one hand, adjusting the eccentric sleeve is difficult, requiring the rotary motor to be removed before rotating the eccentric sleeve, and precise adjustment cannot be achieved during rotation, making it unsuitable for mass production. On the other hand, the maximum adjustment range of the center distance in existing solutions is usually no more than 0.4mm, resulting in low adjustment accuracy and requiring multiple repeated adjustments to meet the requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a rotary mechanism with a self-locking function for precisely adjusting gear clearance. This solves the problems of complex operation, low precision and lack of self-locking function in the existing adjustment scheme, realizes precise control of gear clearance, reduces the workload of parts replacement, and improves equipment reliability and production efficiency.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a rotary mechanism for precisely adjusting gear backlash with a self-locking function, comprising a turntable, a rotary support below the turntable, a rotary motor above the turntable, the rotary motor being mounted on the turntable via a rotary motor mounting base, the rotary motor mounting base having two symmetrical protrusions, a limiting block on the turntable cooperating with the protrusions, a wedge plate between the limiting block and the protrusions, the outer surfaces of the protrusions and the limiting block being located on the inclined surface cooperating with the wedge plate; the wedge plate having a clear hole and a threaded hole, with bolt I and bolt II respectively installed in the clear hole and the threaded hole, the turntable having a bolt hole for mounting bolt I, the lower end of bolt II abutting against the turntable, and also including an angle sensor, the angle sensor being used to detect the rotation backlash angle and output a detection signal for backlash adjustment calculation.

[0007] Furthermore, the slewing bearing is fixed to the underside of the turntable base plate by fastening bolts.

[0008] The rotary motor mounting base has a flange surface, and the flange surface has the same number of light holes as the rotary motor flange surface. The diameter of the light holes is 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the rotary motor fastening bolts. The fastening bolts are connected to the rotary motor and the threaded holes on the rotary motor mounting base through the light holes and the turntable base plate.

[0009] The rotary motor mounting base and the rotary motor are positioned by a stop joint, and the rotary motor mounting base and the cylindrical surface of the rotary motor are clearance-fitted, preferably with a tolerance of H7 / f7.

[0010] The limiting block is welded to the turntable. The limiting block is set on the line connecting the rotation center and the theoretical center of the rotary motor, i.e., line I. The two limiting blocks are symmetrical about the theoretical center of the rotary motor, i.e., line II.

[0011] The angles on both sides of the wedge plate are both set to α, where α ≤ 5°.

[0012] The wedge-shaped plate has an angle indicator scale on its circumference for the threaded hole.

[0013] A method for using a rotary mechanism with a self-locking function for precisely adjusting gear backlash includes the following steps: S1. Measure the rotation clearance angle Δθ using a sensor; S2. Calculate ΔL = Δθ × r; S3. Compare ΔL with ΔL0. If the difference between ΔL and ΔL0 is less than ε, end the operation. If the difference is greater than ε, proceed to the next step. S4. When ΔL is greater than ΔL0, perform positive adjustment; when ΔL is less than ΔL0, perform reverse adjustment. Where ΔL is the calculated gear clearance value in millimeters; r is the pitch circle radius of the slewing bearing gear in millimeters; ΔL0 is the standard gear clearance value in millimeters; and ε is the allowable adjustment error threshold in millimeters.

[0014] In step S4, during forward adjustment, the center distance increases and the gear clearance decreases; during reverse adjustment, the center distance decreases and the gear clearance increases.

[0015] In step S4, when the bolt I in the rotating hole is rotated, the wedge plate moves down; when the bolt II in the threaded hole is rotated, the wedge plate moves up and down, pressing the rotary motor mounting base to move along the line connecting the rotation center and the theoretical center of the rotary motor, i.e., line I, thereby achieving gear backlash adjustment.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: The rotary mechanism and its method for precisely adjusting gear clearance with a self-locking function are as follows: A wedge plate is set between the rotary motor mounting base and the turntable. The center distance is adjusted by using the wedge block to realize the change of gear clearance in the rotary mechanism. This can effectively solve the related faults of rotary vibration or large rotary clearance, and greatly reduce the workload of replacing the rotary bearing or rotary motor. Furthermore, by adjusting the bolts on the wedge plate, the center distance can be precisely adjusted to achieve accurate control of gear clearance, which greatly improves equipment reliability and production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are provided to further illustrate the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. Clearly, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turntable of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the turntable and the rotary motor mounting base of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotary motor mounting base of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the rotary motor mounting base of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotary motor mounting base of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view of the wedge plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a left view of the wedge plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the wedge plate and the turntable in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the wedge plate, turntable, and rotary motor mounting base of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment principle of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Turntable, 2. Wedge plate, 21. Smooth hole, 22. Threaded hole, 3. Rotary motor mounting base, 4. Rotary motor, 5. Rotary bearing, 6. Limit block.

[0020] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 11A rotary mechanism with a self-locking function for precision adjusting gear backlash is shown. It includes a turntable 1, a rotary bearing 5 below the turntable 1, and a rotary motor 4 above the turntable 1. The rotary motor 4 is mounted on the turntable 1 via a rotary motor mounting base 3. The rotary motor mounting base 3 has two symmetrical protrusions. The turntable 1 has a limiting block 6 that cooperates with the protrusions. A wedge plate 2 is provided between the limiting block 6 and the protrusions. The outer surfaces of the protrusions and the limiting block 6 are located on the inclined surface of the wedge plate 2. The wedge plate 2 has a clear hole 21 and a threaded hole 22. Bolt I and bolt II are respectively installed in the clear hole 21 and the threaded hole 22. The turntable 1 has a bolt hole for mounting bolt I. The lower end of bolt II abuts against the turntable 1. The mechanism also includes an angle sensor for detecting the rotational backlash angle and outputting a detection signal for backlash adjustment calculation. This invention discloses a rotary mechanism for precisely adjusting gear backlash with a self-locking function, comprising a turntable, a rotary motor, an adjustment mechanism, an angle sensor, and a rotary bearing. The rotary bearing is disposed below the turntable, and the rotary motor is disposed above the turntable via a rotary motor mounting base. The adjustment mechanism is disposed between the rotary motor mounting base and the turntable. By adjusting the position of the rotary motor mounting base through the adjustment mechanism, the position of the rotary motor can be adjusted, thereby achieving gear backlash adjustment. The adjustment mechanism includes a wedge plate and adjusting bolts. The two sides of the wedge plate contact the turntable and the rotary motor mounting base, respectively. Two limiting blocks are disposed on the turntable along a line (line I) connecting the turntable's rotation center and the theoretical center of the rotary motor, contacting the wedge plate. The rotary motor mounting base has protrusions at both ends that contact the wedge plate. Since the two sides of the wedge plate are inclined surfaces, the contact surfaces between the limiting blocks and the protrusions and the wedge plate are all inclined surfaces. In use, adjusting the vertical position of the wedge plate changes the position of the rotary motor mounting base, thereby achieving gear backlash adjustment. The vertical position adjustment of the wedge plate is mainly achieved through two bolts. Specifically, the wedge plate has a smooth hole and a threaded hole, both located on a symmetrical plane. This is to ensure that the bolt does not undergo horizontal displacement with the wedge plate when it rotates. Bolt I, which is installed in the smooth hole, connects to the threaded hole on the turntable. The lower end of bolt II, which is installed in the threaded hole, rests against the plane of the turntable. When bolt I is screwed in, the wedge plate moves downward. When bolt II is screwed in, the wedge plate moves upward, thus adjusting the position of the wedge plate.

[0025] The rotary motor mounting base of this invention has an outer wall W1 and a slot W2 in the large base plate of the turntable. During assembly, the outer wall W1 of the rotary motor mounting base mates with the slot W2 of the turntable. A wedge plate is mounted at each end of the rotary motor mounting base, and each wedge plate is fitted with two adjusting bolts. The wedge plates on both sides are adjusted to be flush with the upper side of the turntable limit block, at which point the mounting base is theoretically centered. The wedge blocks on both sides of the rotary motor mounting base allow for forward and reverse movement of the mounting base along the connecting line I, resulting in small and large changes in the center distance of the gear pair. Utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the wedge plates, when the rotary motor is working, most of the force along the connecting line I is borne by the wedge plates, and the adjusting bolts only bear a very small force besides the bolt force, ensuring a reliable fastening of the mounting base.

[0026] like Figure 1 The rotary mechanism shown is a precision gear backlash adjustment mechanism with a self-locking function. The rotary support 5 is fixed to the underside of the base plate of the turntable 1 by fastening bolts.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The rotary mechanism shown here is a precision gear backlash adjustment mechanism with a self-locking function. The rotary motor mounting base 3 has a flange surface with the same number of through holes as the flange surface of the rotary motor 4. The diameter of each through hole is 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the fastening bolts of the rotary motor 4. The fastening bolts are connected to threaded holes on the base plate of the turntable 1 via the through holes on the rotary motor 4 and the rotary motor mounting base 3. In this precision gear backlash adjustment mechanism with a self-locking function, the rotary motor mounting base 3 and the rotary motor 4 are fitted with a stop-and-go locating fit, and the cylindrical surfaces of the rotary motor mounting base 3 and the rotary motor 4 are fitted with a clearance fit, preferably with a tolerance of H7 / f7.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 The rotary mechanism shown is a precision gear backlash adjustment mechanism with a self-locking function. The limiting block 6 is welded on the turntable 1. The limiting block 6 is set on the line connecting the rotation center and the theoretical center of the rotary motor, i.e., line I. The two limiting blocks 6 are symmetrical about the theoretical center of the rotary motor, i.e., line II.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 10 The rotary mechanism for precisely adjusting gear clearance with a self-locking function is shown. The angles on both sides of the wedge plate 2 are set to α, where α ≤ 5°. In this rotary mechanism for precisely adjusting gear clearance with a self-locking function, the contact angles of the limit block, wedge plate, and mounting base are all α. Assuming the coefficient of friction of the contact surface is μ, α ≤ arctanμ is set to meet the self-locking condition of the wedge plate. Generally, the coefficient of friction between steels is between 0.1 and 0.2. When the coefficient of friction is 0.1, arctan(0.1) ≈ 5.7°. To allow for a margin and ensure reliable self-locking, the wedge plate angle α ≤ 5° is preferentially set.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 10 The invention discloses a rotary mechanism for precisely adjusting gear backlash with a self-locking function. The wedge plate 2 has threaded holes 22 with circumferential angle indicators. In this rotary mechanism, four adjusting bolts with M10 threads and a 1mm pitch are provided. Two bolts lower the wedge plate, and two lower it. Simultaneously, two M10 threaded holes with a 1mm pitch are provided along the line I connecting the two limit blocks of the turntable. Since 2*tan5°=2*0.088=0.176mm, a 360° rotation of the adjusting bolt lowers the wedge plate by 1mm, which in turn moves the rotary motor mounting base 0.176mm along line I. Therefore, precise adjustment of the mounting base along line I can be achieved by controlling the rotation angle of the adjusting bolts. A smaller pitch results in a smaller wedge plate angle and more precise adjustment.

[0031] A method for using a rotary mechanism with a self-locking function for precisely adjusting gear backlash includes the following steps: S1. Measure the rotation clearance angle Δθ using a sensor; S2. Calculate ΔL = Δθ × r; S3. Compare ΔL with ΔL0. If the difference between ΔL and ΔL0 is less than ε, end the operation. If the difference is greater than ε, proceed to the next step. S4. When ΔL is greater than ΔL0, perform positive adjustment; when ΔL is less than ΔL0, perform reverse adjustment. Where ΔL is the calculated gear clearance value in millimeters; r is the pitch circle radius of the slewing bearing gear in millimeters; ΔL0 is the standard gear clearance value in millimeters; and ε is the allowable adjustment error threshold in millimeters.

[0032] In step S4, during forward adjustment, the center distance increases and the gear clearance decreases; during reverse adjustment, the center distance decreases and the gear clearance increases.

[0033] In step S4, when bolt I in the rotating aperture 21 is rotated, wedge plate 2 moves downward; when bolt II in the rotating threaded hole 22 is rotated, wedge plate 2 moves upward. The up-and-down movement of wedge plate 2 causes the extrusion motor mounting base 3 to move along line I, the line connecting the rotation center and the theoretical center of the rotation motor, thus achieving gear backlash adjustment. In this invention, bolt I in the rotating aperture engages with the threaded hole of the turntable. Rotation causes the wedge block to move downward, and the extrusion mounting base moves along line I. Since the wedge plate is self-locking and cannot move upward, bolt II, which engages with the threaded hole of the wedge plate, needs to be rotated. The bolt head contacts the base plate, allowing the wedge plate to move upward.

[0034] The present invention provides a rotary mechanism for precisely adjusting gear backlash with a self-locking function and a method for using it, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The gear center distance can be adjusted without disassembling the rotary motor, which is simple to operate, reduces the workload of parts replacement, and improves production and maintenance efficiency.

[0035] 2. By adjusting the bolts and wedge plates, the center distance can be precisely controlled, solving the problem of low adjustment accuracy in existing solutions.

[0036] 3. Utilizing the self-locking property of the wedge plate ensures reliable fastening of the mechanism after adjustment, reduces the stress on the adjusting bolts, and improves the service life and operational stability of the mechanism.

[0037] 4. The gear clearance can be flexibly adjusted, effectively solving the problems of excavator rotation vibration and excessive rotation clearance, and improving the user's operating experience.

[0038] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0039] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features found in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are also within the scope of protection of this invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can use them in combination based on known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary mechanism with a self-locking function for precisely adjusting gear backlash, characterized in that: The application relates to a rotary table (1) provided with a rotary bearing (5) below and a rotary motor (4) above, wherein the rotary motor (4) is installed on the rotary table (1) through a rotary motor mounting base (3), the rotary motor mounting base (3) is provided with two symmetrical protrusions, the rotary table (1) is provided with limiting blocks (6) matched with the protrusions, a wedge-shaped plate (2) is arranged between the limiting blocks (6) and the protrusions, the outer side surfaces of the protrusions and the limiting blocks (6) are located on the inclined surfaces matched with the wedge-shaped plate (2), the wedge-shaped plate (2) is provided with a light hole (21) and a threaded hole (22), bolts I and II are respectively arranged in the light hole (21) and the threaded hole (22), the rotary table (1) is provided with a bolt hole for mounting the bolt I, the lower end of the bolt II abuts against the rotary table (1), and an angle sensor is further arranged, which is used for detecting the rotary clearance angle and outputting a detection signal for clearance adjustment calculation.

2. The rotary mechanism with self-locking function for fine adjustment of gear clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary bearing (5) is fixed to the bottom plate of the rotary table (1) through fastening bolts.

3. The rotary mechanism with self-locking function for fine adjustment of gear clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary motor mounting base (3) is provided with a flange surface, the same number of light holes as the flange surface of the rotary motor (4) are arranged on the flange surface, the diameters of the light holes are 2-3 mm larger than the diameters of the fastening bolts of the rotary motor (4), and the fastening bolts are connected with the threaded holes on the rotary motor mounting base (3) and the threaded holes on the bottom plate of the rotary table (1) through the rotary motor (4).

4. The rotary mechanism with self-locking function for fine adjustment of gear clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary motor mounting base (3) and the rotary motor (4) are matched through a butt joint positioning mode, and the rotary motor mounting base (3) and the rotary motor (4) are matched through a cylindrical surface clearance mode, preferably a tolerance H7 / f7 mode.

5. The rotary mechanism with self-locking function for fine adjustment of gear clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting blocks (6) are welded on the rotary table (1), the limiting blocks (6) are arranged on a connecting line I between the rotary center and the theoretical center of the rotary motor, and the two limiting blocks (6) are symmetrical about the theoretical center of the rotary motor, i.e. a connecting line II.

6. The rotary mechanism with self-locking function for fine adjustment of gear clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angles of the two sides of the wedge-shaped plate (2) are both alpha, and alpha is less than or equal to 5 degrees.

7. The rotary mechanism with self-locking function for fine adjustment of gear clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle indication scale is arranged on the circumference of the threaded hole (22) of the wedge-shaped plate (2).

8. A method of using the precision adjustment gear gap with self-locking function of the rotary mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application further discloses a clearance adjustment method of the rotary table. S1, measuring the rotary clearance angle Delta theta through a sensor; S2, calculating Delta L=Delta theta*r; S3, comparing Delta L with Delta L0, when the difference between Delta L and Delta L0 is less than epsilon, ending the operation, and when the difference is greater than epsilon, proceeding to the next step; S4, when Delta L is greater than Delta L0, proceeding to positive adjustment, and when Delta L is less than Delta L0, proceeding to reverse adjustment. In step S4, when proceeding to positive adjustment, the center distance becomes larger, and the gear clearance becomes smaller; when proceeding to reverse adjustment, the center distance becomes smaller, and the gear clearance becomes larger.

9. The method of using a rotary mechanism with precision adjustment of gear backlash with self-locking function according to claim 8, characterized in that: ​ 10. The method of using a rotary mechanism with precision adjustment of gear backlash with self-locking function according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, when rotating the bolt I in the light hole (21), the wedge-shaped plate (2) moves down, and when rotating the bolt II in the threaded hole (22), the wedge-shaped plate (2) moves up. The wedge-shaped plate (2) moves up and down, extruding the rotary motor mounting seat (3) to move along the line connecting the rotary center and the theoretical center of the rotary motor, i.e. line I, to realize the gear gap adjustment.

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