Ship bearing sealing reliability test device

Abstract

The invention provides a ship bearing sealing reliability test device, and relates to the technical field of ship equipment test, the ship bearing sealing reliability test device comprises a driving system, a test device, a vibration table, a temperature control device and a detection device, and the test device is arranged on the vibration table. The test device comprises a comprehensive test box, a sealing cavity, a first bearing and a second bearing, the sealing cavity is installed on the first bearing, the sealing cavity and the first bearing are arranged in the comprehensive test box, the second bearing is arranged outside the comprehensive test box, and the first bearing and the second bearing are in transmission connection through a flexible universal joint. The driving system is in transmission connection with the second bearing through a transmission shaft. Through connection of the in-cabin and out-cabin separation architecture and the flexible universal joint, multi-stress coupling tests of temperature, vibration, rotating speed, pressure and the like are realized, and the monitoring and evaluation capability and the test efficiency are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship equipment testing technology, specifically to a ship bearing seal reliability testing device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing bearing seal reliability testing equipment generally suffers from the problem of limited stress simulation. Traditional test benches can mostly only simulate constant speed and load conditions or a single variable speed condition, evaluating the bearing's operating status by collecting vibration signals and other data, and using time-domain or frequency-domain analysis methods. While these testing methods can reflect the basic performance of the bearing to some extent, under complex operating conditions, when speed and load change simultaneously, multiple nonlinear factors generated by the bearing system couple with each other, resulting in vibration signals with strong time-varying and nonlinear characteristics. In this case, evaluation methods based on simple statistics or fixed thresholds are difficult to extract characteristic parameters that reflect the true operating condition of the bearing, making it difficult to identify the bearing degradation initiation point, and easily leading to misjudgments or omissions.

[0003] More critically, existing testing equipment lacks the ability to effectively simulate environmental stresses. In actual engineering, ship bearing seals not only operate under different speeds and loads, but also simultaneously withstand the combined effects of various environmental stresses such as temperature, humidity, and vibration. However, existing test benches often only allow speed and load tests at room temperature, or only temperature tests alone, failing to achieve simultaneous application and coupled simulation of multiple stresses. This significant difference between the test conditions and the actual service environment means that the test results cannot accurately reflect the reliability level of bearing seals in actual ship use.

[0004] Furthermore, existing testing equipment also has limitations in its structural design. When vibration testing is required, traditional rigid connection methods cannot adapt to the eccentric movement of the shaft system under vibration conditions, resulting in the inability to effectively apply vibration stress. At the same time, the monitoring methods of existing test benches are relatively simple, lacking the ability to simultaneously monitor multi-dimensional parameters such as torque, thrust, temperature, and pressure in real time, making it difficult to comprehensively assess the performance degradation trend of bearing seals under complex stress.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN114593906B discloses a reliability testing equipment for a ship shaft end face sealing device. It discloses a technical solution for testing the reliability of the stern shaft sealing sleeve by simulating the shaft structure and hydraulic adjustment. It achieves the technical effect of simulating the working state of the actual ship shaft system. However, it still has the problems of not being able to simulate the multi-stress coupling of temperature, humidity, vibration, etc., lacking an intelligent multi-parameter monitoring system, and the test environment differing greatly from the actual service conditions of the ship.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN105136457A discloses a high and low temperature controllable multi-specification rolling bearing test bench, which discloses a technical solution for realizing high and low temperature tests of multi-specification bearings through inner and outer ring diameter adjustment rings and heating and cooling devices. It has achieved the technical effect of improving the versatility of the test bench and the simulation of temperature environment. However, it still has the problems of not having the ability to apply vibration stress, not being able to test sealing devices, lacking pressure environment simulation, and having a single stress coupling dimension. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reliability testing device for ship bearing seals, which can realistically simulate the multi-stress coupling conditions that ship bearing seals are subjected to in complex service environments, making power transmission more stable under vibration environments, and realizing a comprehensive reliability assessment of ship bearing seals in complex service environments.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A test device for the reliability of bearing seals for ships includes a drive system, a test device, a vibration table, a temperature control device, and a detection device. The drive system is connected to the detection device and the test device respectively. The test device is connected to the detection device. One end of the temperature control device is connected to the detection device and the other end is connected to the test device. The test device is set on the vibration table. The testing device includes a comprehensive test chamber, a sealed cavity, a first bearing, and a second bearing; the sealed cavity is mounted on the first bearing, the sealed cavity and the first bearing are disposed inside the comprehensive test chamber, the second bearing is disposed outside the comprehensive test chamber, and the first bearing and the second bearing are connected by a flexible universal joint. The drive system includes a drive motor, which is connected to the second bearing via a drive shaft. The detection device includes a sensor and a control console connected to the sensor, the sensor being mounted on the sealed cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the temperature control device includes a temperature control box, one end of which is connected to the sealed cavity via a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the control console.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a hydraulic oil tank and a hydraulic controller connected to the hydraulic oil tank, the hydraulic controller being connected to the first bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an axial actuator and a vertical actuator, which are respectively mounted on the first bearing and are respectively fixedly connected to the hydraulic controller.

[0012] Furthermore, a coupling is installed between the second bearing and the drive shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a control cabinet, through which the drive motor is connected to the console.

[0014] Furthermore: the console includes a runtime control module, a performance testing system, and a temperature control module; The operation control module is used to adjust the speed and frequency of the drive motor, the performance testing system is used to test performance parameters, and the temperature control module is used to adjust the output temperature of the temperature control device.

[0015] Furthermore, an energy storage device is connected to the outside of the sealed cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a bearing bracket and a bearing housing, wherein the first bearing is mounted on the bearing bracket and the bearing bracket is mounted on the bearing housing.

[0017] Furthermore, the sensors include pressure sensors, temperature sensors, torque sensors, vibration sensors, and load sensors.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: I. This invention places the sealing cavity and the first bearing inside the comprehensive test chamber, and the drive system outside the chamber. A flexible universal joint is used to connect the bearings inside and outside the chamber, which realizes the synchronous coupling application of various environmental stresses such as temperature, humidity, and vibration with working stresses such as speed and pressure. The flexible universal joint allows the shaft system to generate eccentric movement during vibration testing, which solves the technical problem of power transmission and shaft system connection under vibration environment. This enables the test bench to realistically simulate the multi-stress coupling conditions that ship bearing seals are subjected to in complex service environments, and the test results are closer to the actual use situation.

[0019] Second, the control console of this invention integrates three major functions: operation control module, performance testing system, and temperature control module. The performance testing system synchronously collects multi-dimensional parameters such as pressure, temperature, torque, vibration, and load through multiple channels. Compared with existing test devices that only monitor speed, torque, or a single temperature parameter, this invention can obtain comprehensive performance data of bearing seals under complex stress in real time, accurately capture performance degradation trends, and improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of reliability assessment.

[0020] Third, the cabin-outdoor separation architecture of the present invention separates the area where environmental stress is applied from the drive system, which not only ensures the precise control of environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and vibration inside the comprehensive test chamber, but also avoids damage to equipment such as drive motors caused by harsh environments. At the same time, it facilitates equipment maintenance and debugging, and improves the reliability and service life of the test device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a ship bearing seal reliability testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a ship bearing seal reliability testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the internal structure of a ship bearing seal reliability testing device provided by the present invention.

[0022] In the picture: 1. Hydraulic oil tank; 2. Hydraulic controller; 3. Vibration table; 4. Drive motor; 5. Control console; 6. Temperature control box; 7. Temperature control device; 8. Thermometer; 9. Comprehensive test chamber; 10. Pressure control device; 11. Axial actuator; 12. Vertical actuator; 13. Bearing bracket; 14. Coupling; 15. Sealing cavity; 16. First bearing; 17. Second bearing; 18. Bearing housing. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 As shown, this invention provides a test device for the reliability of ship bearing seals, which includes a drive system, a test device, a vibration table 3, a temperature control device, and a detection device.

[0026] The drive system is connected to the detection device and the test device, respectively. The test device is connected to the detection device. The first end of the temperature control device is connected to the detection device, and the second end is connected to the test device. The test device is mounted on the vibration table 3. The test device includes a comprehensive test chamber 9, a sealed cavity 15, a first bearing 16, and a second bearing 17. The sealed cavity 15 is the core test unit of this invention. It is used to install the bearing seal to be tested. Both ends are connected and fixed to the journal portion of the first bearing 16 through flanges and sealing structures, forming a closed cavity that can withstand internal pressure. The sealed cavity 15 and the first bearing 16 are located inside the comprehensive test chamber 9 and are mounted as a whole assembly on the vibration table 3 to jointly withstand environmental stress. The second bearing 17 is located outside the comprehensive test chamber 9, and the first bearing 16 and the second bearing 17 are connected by a flexible universal joint. The drive system includes a drive motor 4, which is connected to the second bearing 17 through a drive shaft. The detection device includes a sensor and a control console 5 connected in sequence. The sensor is mounted on the sealed cavity 15. The drive system is placed outside the comprehensive test chamber 9 to avoid the influence of high temperature and vibration environment on the motor. The flexible universal joint connecting the inner and outer bearings of the box allows the shaft system to generate eccentric movement during vibration test, solves the power transmission problem under vibration environment, and realizes multi-stress coupling test of temperature, vibration and other factors.

[0027] In one specific embodiment of this invention, the temperature control device includes a temperature control box 6. The first end of the temperature control box 6 is connected to the sealed cavity 15 via a pipeline, and the second end is connected to the control console 5. The temperature control box 6 contains a temperature control device 7, including a low-temperature refrigeration device and a high-temperature heating device. The temperature-controlled medium is supplied to the sealed cavity 15 via the pipeline. A thermometer 8 is also installed inside the temperature control box 6 to measure the temperature of the medium inside. The control console 5 sends control commands to the temperature control box 6 according to the set temperature. The temperature control box 6 allows continuous adjustment of the temperature of the sealed cavity 15 within the range of 0-80°C, simulating different temperature conditions.

[0028] It should be noted that the sealing cavity 15 is also connected to a pressure control device 10, which is used to adjust the pressure value inside the sealing cavity 15.

[0029] In one specific embodiment of this invention, a hydraulic oil tank 1 and a hydraulic controller 2 are connected in sequence, with the hydraulic controller 2 connected to the first bearing 16. The hydraulic oil tank 1 stores hydraulic oil and supplies it to the hydraulic controller 2 through pipelines. The hydraulic controller 2 adjusts the output pressure and flow rate according to test requirements to apply hydraulic pressure to the first bearing 16. The hydraulic system can simulate different pressure conditions to test the performance of the sealed cavity 15 under load conditions.

[0030] In one specific embodiment of this invention, an axial actuator 11 and a vertical actuator 12 are further included. The axial actuator 11 and the vertical actuator 12 are respectively mounted on the first bearing 16 and are fixedly connected to the hydraulic controller 2. The axial actuator 11 applies an axial load to the first bearing 16 via hydraulic drive, and the vertical actuator 12 applies a radial load to the first bearing 16 via hydraulic drive. The coordinated operation of the two actuators can simulate the combined loads borne by the bearing during actual operation, improving the simulation effect of the test.

[0031] This invention achieves multi-stress coupling application in the following manner: The temperature stress system consists of a temperature control device (including a temperature control box 6 and its internal temperature control device 7), which is connected to the sealing cavity 15 through an insulated pipeline. By circulating a heat-conducting medium into the sealing cavity, precise control and application of the working temperature of the tested sealing component are achieved. The vibration stress system uses a vibration table 3 as the basic excitation source, and a comprehensive test chamber 9 is fixedly installed on its table surface. The vibration excitation is directly transmitted through the table surface to the sealing cavity 15 and the first bearing 16 assembly inside the chamber to simulate multi-dimensional vibrations in the ship's operating environment. The speed and mechanical load stress system comprehensively simulates various mechanical stresses. The speed is simulated by an external drive motor 4 through a transmission shaft, coupling 14, second bearing 17, and flexible universal joint, ultimately driving the first bearing 16 and the shaft system in the sealed cavity to rotate. The pressure is simulated by injecting and pressurizing medium into the cavity through a pressure control device 10 connected to the sealed cavity 15. The axial and radial loads are simulated by applying precise mechanical loads to the first bearing 16 through the axial actuator 11 and vertical actuator 12 driven by the hydraulic oil tank 1 and hydraulic controller 2, respectively, to simulate complex stress conditions.

[0032] In one specific embodiment of this invention, a coupling 14 is installed between the second bearing 17 and the drive shaft. The coupling 14 is a three-jaw hexagonal splice coupling, with one end connected to the drive shaft and the other end connected to the second bearing 17, transmitting torque through an elastic element. The coupling 14 can compensate for minor deviations between shafts, ensuring smooth power transmission and reducing vibration and impact.

[0033] In one specific embodiment of this example, a control cabinet is also included, through which the drive motor 4 is connected to the control console 5. The control cabinet contains a frequency converter that receives control signals from the control console 5 and adjusts the speed and direction of the drive motor 4. The control cabinet provides a stable power supply and speed control for the drive system, enabling continuous speed regulation from 0-800 r / min to meet the testing requirements of different speed conditions.

[0034] In one specific embodiment of this example, the control console 5 includes a performance control module, a performance testing system, and a temperature control module. The performance control module adjusts the speed and frequency of the drive motor 4 and sends speed control commands to the control cabinet. The performance testing system tests performance parameters by synchronously acquiring sensor data through multiple channels. The temperature control module adjusts the output temperature of the temperature control device and sends temperature control commands to the temperature control box 6. These three modules are integrated into the integrated control console 5, enabling centralized control of the testing process and multi-parameter monitoring, thereby improving testing efficiency and data accuracy.

[0035] In one specific embodiment of this example, an accumulator is connected to the outside of the sealing cavity 15. The accumulator has a capacity of not less than 10L and is connected to the sealing cavity 15 through a pipeline. When pressure fluctuations occur inside the sealing cavity 15, the accumulator contracts or expands accordingly under pressure to stabilize the pressure inside the cavity. The accumulator can eliminate pressure pulsations, ensure pressure stability during the test, and improve the reliability of the sealing performance test.

[0036] In one specific embodiment of this invention, a bearing bracket 13 and a bearing housing 18 are also included. A first bearing 16 is mounted on the bearing bracket 13, and the bearing bracket 13 is mounted on the bearing housing 18. The thrust bearing bears the axial load. The bearing bracket 13 and the bearing housing 18 form a stable support structure, which is fixed inside the integrated test chamber 9. This support structure provides reliable support for the first bearing 16 and the sealing cavity 15, ensuring the stable operation of the shaft system during the test.

[0037] In one specific embodiment of this example, the sensors include a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a torque sensor, a vibration sensor, and a load sensor. The pressure sensor is installed on the inlet / outlet pipes or a pre-reserved interface on the cavity wall of the sealed cavity 15 to monitor and record real-time changes in the pressure of the medium inside the sealed cavity. The temperature sensor is installed on the surface of the sealed cavity 15 shell or directly immersed in its internal medium to directly measure the real-time temperature of the environment in which the tested sealing component is located. The torque sensor is installed on the drive shaft of the drive system, located between the drive motor 4 and the second bearing 17, to monitor the real-time torque value output by the drive system. The vibration sensor is installed on the bearing housing 18 or on the rigid foundation structure near the first bearing 16 inside the integrated test chamber 9 to measure parameters such as vibration acceleration, velocity, or displacement of the bearing portion during vibration testing. The load sensor is integrated inside the axial actuator 11 and the vertical actuator 12, or installed as a separate force-measuring washer at their connection with the first bearing 16, to accurately measure and feedback the magnitude of the axial and radial forces applied to the bearing. All sensors are connected to the performance testing system of the control console 5 via data cables, enabling synchronous and real-time acquisition and processing of multi-dimensional physical parameters such as dynamic torque, axial and radial thrust, rotational speed, temperature, pressure, and vibration, thereby comprehensively evaluating the performance and reliability of the bearing seal. The combined use of multiple sensors allows for real-time monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters such as dynamic torque, thrust, rotational speed, temperature, pressure, and vibration, comprehensively evaluating the performance of the bearing seal under complex stress conditions.

[0038] The specific application of this test apparatus is illustrated using a test of a DN50 naval mechanical seal as an example. First, eight DN50 mechanical seal test specimens are installed into the sealing cavity. The bearing bracket and bearing housing are assembled, and the thrust bearing is installed. After assembly, the sealing cavity, test specimens, and bearing bracket are placed and secured within the integrated test chamber. Flexible universal joints are installed between the inner and outer bearings of the integrated test chamber, concentricity is adjusted, and they are tightened. A coupling is installed to connect the drive motor and transmission shaft. The drive motor, with a rated power of 55kW, a rated speed of 1600rpm, and a rated torque of 250Nm, is fixed to the ground. The temperature control box is installed in a ventilated location and connected to the temperature regulation pipeline. The power supply and control lines are connected so that it is controlled by the control console. A matching piping system is installed to connect to the various interfaces of the sealing cavity, and pressure, flow, and other monitoring instruments are installed on the pipelines. The control cabinet is installed in an easily accessible location, and the control lines of the control cabinet, drive motor, and control console are connected. The dimensions of the test apparatus mounting frame are determined based on the shaft system dimensions and the height of the integrated test system, and then leveled and fixed.

[0039] During equipment commissioning, the operation control module is started, and the speed of the drive motor is tested via the frequency converter, gradually increasing from 0 r / min to 800 r / min. The smoothness of the speed change is observed, and the forward and reverse switching is tested. The performance testing system is used to calibrate each sensor, load standard values ​​to check measurement accuracy, and test the 16-channel data acquisition function. The temperature control module is started, and different temperature values ​​are set, rising from 0℃ to 80℃ and then falling back to 0℃. The temperature of the sealed cavity is measured and compared with the set value to check whether the temperature control accuracy and temperature change rate reach ≥1℃ / min.

[0040] Before the test run, inject the test medium into the sealing cavity and piping system, check and tighten all connections, and zero-calibrate the instruments. Set the test specimen's operating conditions on the control panel, such as speed range, pressure setting, and temperature range. Start the control cabinet, drive motor, and temperature control box in sequence, slowly adjusting the speed to the set value, and adjust the sealing cavity temperature to the required test temperature via the temperature control box. During the test run, use the performance testing system on the control panel to monitor dynamic torque, thrust, speed, temperature, pressure, and other parameters in real time, recording data every 15 minutes, and observing for any leaks, abnormal vibrations, or noise from the test specimen. Adjust the operating conditions as needed according to the test plan; for example, increase the speed by 10% every 2 hours, adjust the temperature every 3 hours, and then run the test specimen stably for a period before recording data.

[0041] During equipment maintenance, a comprehensive inspection of all equipment should be conducted weekly. This includes checking the sealing performance of the test specimen, the lubrication and winding temperature of the drive motor bearings, the cooling and heating elements of the temperature control box, the welds and valves in the pipelines, and the operational status of each module on the control panel. A deep cleaning and maintenance should be performed monthly, including cleaning the equipment surfaces, replacing filters and cleaning heat sinks according to the instruction manual, and cleaning and calibrating the instruments. If a malfunction occurs, the test should be stopped immediately. Troubleshooting should be conducted by consulting the manual, checking the wiring, and using testing instruments. Simple malfunctions should be repaired promptly, and complex malfunctions should be addressed by replacing damaged parts. After repairs are completed, a trial run should be conducted to ensure normal operation is restored.

[0042] Through the above implementation methods, this test device can effectively carry out reliability operation tests and qualification tests of ship bearing seals with a diameter of less than DN50 under load conditions, providing accurate and comprehensive data support for the reliability assessment of bearing seals.

[0043] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent transformations or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for the reliability of ship bearing seals, characterized in that: It includes a drive system, testing equipment, vibration table, temperature control device, and detection device; The drive system is connected to the detection device and the test device respectively. The test device is connected to the detection device. One end of the temperature control device is connected to the detection device and the other end is connected to the test device. The test device is set on the vibration table. The testing device includes a comprehensive test chamber, a sealed cavity, a first bearing, and a second bearing; the sealed cavity is mounted on the first bearing, the sealed cavity and the first bearing are disposed inside the comprehensive test chamber, the second bearing is disposed outside the comprehensive test chamber, and the first bearing and the second bearing are connected by a flexible universal joint. The drive system includes a drive motor, which is connected to the second bearing via a drive shaft. The detection device includes a sensor and a control console connected to the sensor, the sensor being mounted on the sealed cavity.

2. The ship bearing seal reliability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control device includes a temperature control box, one end of which is connected to the sealed cavity via a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the control console.

3. The ship bearing seal reliability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic tank and a hydraulic controller connected to the hydraulic tank, the hydraulic controller being connected to the first bearing.

4. The ship bearing seal reliability testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an axial actuator and a vertical actuator, which are respectively mounted on the first bearing and are fixedly connected to the hydraulic controller.

5. The ship bearing seal reliability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A coupling is installed between the second bearing and the drive shaft.

6. The ship bearing seal reliability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control cabinet, through which the drive motor is connected to the console.

7. The ship bearing seal reliability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The console includes a runtime control module, a performance testing system, and a temperature control module; The operation control module is used to adjust the speed and frequency of the drive motor, the performance testing system is used to test performance parameters, and the temperature control module is used to adjust the output temperature of the temperature control device.

8. The ship bearing seal reliability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An energy storage device is connected to the outside of the sealed cavity.

9. The ship bearing seal reliability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bearing bracket and a bearing housing, wherein the first bearing is mounted on the bearing bracket and the bearing bracket is mounted on the bearing housing.

10. The ship bearing seal reliability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensors include pressure sensors, temperature sensors, torque sensors, vibration sensors, and load sensors.

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