Dynamic balance control method for neutron tube helium adsorption reservoir

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of D-T reaction, and discloses a dynamic balance control method of a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device, which comprises the following steps: S1, arranging a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor in the storage device, and determining the helium adsorption speed of the storage device based on the obtained pressure value and temperature value; s2, based on the D-T reaction parameters, determining the speed of generating helium in the D-T reaction process; s3, comparison is carried out, and a control decision is generated based on a comparison result. The method has the following beneficial effects: 1, data is acquired in real time, the current balance state can be accurately calculated in combination with an adsorption quantity mapping relation and a helium generation speed model, and equipment damage or efficiency reduction caused by pressure overrun is avoided; and 2, the dynamic balance control avoids the problem of low efficiency caused by too large pressure in the neutron tube or too slow reaction due to too much helium. And 3, the control decision is closer to reality through the adsorption quantity mapping relation and the helium generation speed model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of DT reaction technology, specifically to a dynamic balance control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device. Background Technology

[0002] In DT (deuterium-tritium) reaction technology, a neutron tube accelerates deuterium ions to bombard a tritium target, triggering a nuclear fusion reaction and releasing neutrons. At the same time, a large amount of helium is generated. As the reaction continues, helium gradually accumulates inside the neutron tube, causing the pressure to rise. This may not only affect the output stability of the neutron tube, but may also pose a threat to the safety of the equipment.

[0003] To address the helium control issue in neutron tubes, existing technologies primarily employ passive emission or simple pressure regulation. Passive emission uses a safety valve to automatically release helium when the pressure exceeds a set threshold. However, this method cannot dynamically adjust the emission rate according to actual needs, easily leading to helium waste or pressure fluctuations. Simple pressure regulation adjusts the neutron tube's operating parameters (such as voltage and current) manually or through preliminary automation to indirectly control the helium production rate. However, due to a lack of real-time monitoring and precise modeling, the regulation effect is often limited, making it difficult to achieve dynamic equilibrium.

[0004] The core problem with existing technologies lies in the lack of dynamic equilibrium control capabilities. Passive emission methods cannot adjust the emission rate in real time according to the helium production rate, which can easily lead to pressure exceeding limits or helium waste; simple pressure regulation, on the other hand, lacks accurate model support, resulting in lagging regulation and easy to cause system oscillations. In addition, existing technologies do not fully consider the coupling relationship between the adsorption material characteristics and reaction parameters, leading to large errors in the calculation of adsorption capacity and an inability to accurately match the helium production rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a dynamic balance control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device, which is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0006] A dynamic equilibrium control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption and storage device, comprising a storage device and a controller installed inside the neutron tube, wherein the storage device is used to adsorb helium released during the DT reaction but does not adsorb deuterium-tritium gas, includes the following steps: S1, Determining the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device: Pressure and temperature sensors are installed inside the storage device to acquire the pressure and temperature values ​​in real time. Based on the acquired pressure and temperature values, the adsorption rate of helium by the storage device is determined. ; S2, Determining the helium production rate in the neutron tube, based on DT reaction parameters, and determining the rate of helium production during the DT reaction. ; S3, Balanced Judgment and Control Decision Generation, and A comparison is performed, and a control decision is generated based on the comparison results.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention, the measurement accuracy of the pressure sensor is not less than ±0.1%FS, the measurement accuracy of the temperature sensor is not less than ±0.5℃, and the measurement accuracy of the monitoring device for deuterium-tritium input flow is not less than ±0.5%FS.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, step S1 specifically comprises: determining the nitrogen adsorption characteristic data of the storage device through experimental methods, wherein the adsorption characteristic data is the adsorption rate of nitrogen by the storage device under different pressure and temperature conditions; constructing a mapping relationship for the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device based on the adsorption characteristic data; the controller receiving the acquired pressure and temperature values, and outputting the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device according to the mapping relationship for the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device. .

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, in step S2, the DT reaction parameters include the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and the input flow rate of deuterium and tritium; and the helium production rate during the DT reaction. The determination method is as follows: a DT reaction helium production rate model is constructed. The DT reaction helium production rate model is determined experimentally. The inputs are the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and the input flow rate of deuterium and tritium. The output is the rate at which helium is produced during the DT reaction. .

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the method for constructing the DT reaction helium production rate model is as follows: The DT reaction was simulated by experiments under different operating voltages, currents and deuterium-tritium input flow rates. The helium produced by the reaction was collected using a gas collection device, and the amount of helium produced per unit time was measured to obtain the helium production rate under different operating parameters and deuterium-tritium input flow rates. Based on experimental data and using the physical principles of the DT reaction, the relationship between working voltage, working current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate and helium production rate is analyzed, and a mathematical model describing the relationship between working voltage, working current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate and helium production rate is constructed. The established mathematical model was fitted and optimized with parameters. The model parameters were adjusted by comparing and verifying with experimental data to generate a DT reaction helium production rate model.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, in step S3, the method for generating control decisions specifically includes: like If so, the generated control strategy is a stable strategy, and no parameter adjustment is performed; like ,and The resulting control strategy is a production reduction strategy. like ,and If so, the resulting control strategy is a production-increasing strategy.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, For a pre-set threshold, and It ranges from 5% to 10%.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, the production reduction strategy includes reducing the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and reducing the input flow rate of deuterium and tritium; the production increase strategy includes increasing the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and increasing the input flow rate of deuterium and tritium.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention, when adjusting the operating voltage, operating current and deuterium-tritium input flow rate, a corresponding adjustment step size and an adjustment amount within a single adjustment step size are set, and the control strategy generation interval is an integer multiple of each adjustment step size.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention, the adjustment step size of the operating voltage is 10 seconds, and the adjustment amount within a single adjustment step size is ±5kV; the adjustment step size of the operating current is 5 seconds, and the adjustment amount within a single adjustment step size is ±20A; the adjustment step size of the deuterium-tritium input flow rate is 2 seconds, and the adjustment amount within a single adjustment step size is ±0.1L / min; the control strategy generation interval is 20 seconds.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Improve system stability and safety: By acquiring data in real time through high-precision sensors and combining the adsorption amount mapping relationship with the helium production rate model, the controller can accurately calculate the current equilibrium state, avoiding equipment damage or efficiency reduction caused by excessive pressure.

[0017] 2. Optimize resource utilization and reaction efficiency. Dynamic balance control avoids problems such as excessive internal pressure in the neutron tube due to excessive helium or low efficiency due to slow reaction.

[0018] 3. Enhanced control precision and robustness: The adsorption amount mapping relationship and helium production rate model constructed through experimental methods eliminate errors caused by the simplification assumptions of the theoretical model, making control decisions closer to reality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 Flowchart of the dynamic balance control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device; Figure 2 : Structural diagram of DT reaction parameters; Figure 3 Flowchart of the method for constructing the helium production rate model of the DT reaction; Figure 4 : A structural diagram of control decision-making; Figure 5 : Logic diagram for control decision generation. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a dynamic equilibrium control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device involves installing a storage device and a controller inside the neutron tube. The storage device is used to adsorb helium released during the DT reaction but does not adsorb deuterium or tritium gas. The method includes the following steps: S1, Determining the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device: Pressure and temperature sensors are installed inside the storage device to acquire the pressure and temperature values ​​in real time. Based on the acquired pressure and temperature values, the adsorption rate of helium by the storage device is determined. .

[0023] The measurement accuracy of the pressure sensor is not less than ±0.1%FS, the measurement accuracy of the temperature sensor is not less than ±0.5℃, and the measurement accuracy of the deuterium-tritium input flow monitoring device is not less than ±0.5%FS.

[0024] High-precision sensors are fundamental to dynamic equilibrium control, and their data accuracy directly impacts the reliability of adsorption calculation and production prediction. Excessive pressure sensor error can lead to misjudgment of adsorption capacity by the controller, triggering unnecessary production reduction strategies. Temperature accuracy concerns the minute differences in adsorption capacity with temperature variations; excessive error may mask the actual adsorption state. Therefore, strictly limiting sensor accuracy provides reliable data support for subsequent control decisions, preventing system oscillations or control failures caused by sensor errors.

[0025] Step S1 specifically involves: determining the nitrogen adsorption characteristics of the storage device through experiments. The adsorption characteristics data represent the nitrogen adsorption rate of the storage device under different pressure and temperature conditions. Based on the adsorption characteristics data, a mapping relationship is constructed for the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device. The controller receives the acquired pressure and temperature values ​​and, according to the mapping relationship for the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device, outputs the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device. .

[0026] The adsorption characteristics of the storage device were determined by experimental methods, and the mapping relationship between adsorption capacity and pressure and temperature was constructed. The experimental data replaced the theoretical model to simplify the assumptions, eliminating the deviation in adsorption capacity calculation caused by model error, thereby improving the accuracy of dynamic balance control and ensuring that the system can respond more accurately to the actual adsorption state.

[0027] S2, Determining the helium production rate in the neutron tube, based on DT reaction parameters, and determining the rate of helium production during the DT reaction. .

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the DT reaction parameters include the neutron tube's operating voltage, operating current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate; the helium production rate during the DT reaction. The determination method is as follows: a DT reaction helium production rate model is constructed. The DT reaction helium production rate model is determined experimentally. The inputs are the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and the input flow rates of deuterium and tritium. The output is the rate at which helium is produced during the DT reaction.

[0029] The DT reaction helium production rate model provides a quantitative basis for dynamic equilibrium control, avoiding control lag or over-adjustment caused by empirical formulas, and enabling the system to more accurately predict helium production trends.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the method for constructing the DT reaction helium production rate model is as follows: The DT reaction was simulated by experiments under different operating voltages, currents and deuterium-tritium input flow rates. The helium produced by the reaction was collected using a gas collection device, and the amount of helium produced per unit time was measured to obtain the helium production rate under different operating parameters and deuterium-tritium input flow rates. Based on experimental data and using the physical principles of the DT reaction, the relationship between working voltage, working current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate and helium production rate is analyzed, and a mathematical model describing the relationship between working voltage, working current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate and helium production rate is constructed. The established mathematical model was fitted and optimized with parameters. The model parameters were adjusted by comparing and verifying with experimental data to generate a DT reaction helium production rate model.

[0031] This document details the method for constructing a helium production rate model for the DT reaction, including three steps: experimental simulation, data analysis, and model validation.

[0032] First, helium production data were collected by simulating reactions under different operating conditions through experiments. Second, the relationship between parameters was analyzed using physical principles (such as reaction cross-section and particle collision frequency) to construct a mathematical model. Finally, the accuracy of the model was verified through independent experimental data.

[0033] S3, Balanced Judgment and Control Decision Generation, and A comparison is performed, and a control decision is generated based on the comparison results.

[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the specific method for generating control decisions is as follows: like If the generated control strategy is stable, no parameter adjustment will be performed.

[0035] like ,and The resulting control strategy is a production reduction strategy; the production reduction strategy includes reducing the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and reducing the input flow of deuterium and tritium.

[0036] The production reduction strategy directly reduces the rate of helium production by decreasing the reaction rate (reducing the electric field strength by lowering the voltage and reducing the particle beam density by lowering the current) and the deuterium-tritium input (reducing the flow rate by lowering the reactant supply).

[0037] like ,and The resulting control strategy is a production-enhancing strategy, which includes increasing the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and increasing the input flow rate of deuterium and tritium.

[0038] The production enhancement strategy increases the reaction rate and deuterium-tritium input by increasing voltage, current, and flow rate. When the helium absorption rate of the memory is sufficient, the reaction speed is increased, thereby improving efficiency.

[0039] For a pre-set threshold, and It ranges from 5% to 10%.

[0040] By employing a hierarchical control strategy, system oscillations or insufficient response are avoided, ensuring the stability of dynamic equilibrium.

[0041] When adjusting the operating voltage, operating current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate, the corresponding adjustment step size and the adjustment amount within a single adjustment step size are set, and the control strategy generation interval is an integer multiple of each adjustment step size.

[0042] Since the control strategy generation interval is an integer multiple of each adjustment step size, the operating voltage, operating current, and deuterium-tritium input flow can all be adjusted an integer number of times within the control strategy generation interval.

[0043] The adjustment step size for the operating voltage is 10 seconds, with an adjustment amount of ±5kV within a single adjustment step size; the adjustment step size for the operating current is 5 seconds, with an adjustment amount of ±20A within a single adjustment step size; the adjustment step size for the deuterium-tritium input flow rate is 2 seconds, with an adjustment amount of ±0.1L / min within a single adjustment step size; and the control strategy generation interval is 20 seconds.

[0044] Voltage regulation should be performed slowly to avoid arc discharge, with a step size of 10 seconds to ensure system stability, and each adjustment increment of 5kV. The current response is fast, with a 5-second step size balancing response speed and stability, and each adjustment of 20 A adapts to load changes. Flow rate needs to be precisely controlled, with a 2-second step size for rapid response, and adjustments of 0.1 L / min per step to avoid flow rate fluctuations.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic equilibrium control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption and storage device, comprising a storage device and a controller disposed inside the neutron tube, wherein the storage device is used to adsorb helium gas released during the DT reaction but does not adsorb deuterium-tritium gas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Determining the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device: Pressure and temperature sensors are installed inside the storage device to acquire the pressure and temperature values ​​in real time. Based on the acquired pressure and temperature values, the adsorption rate of helium by the storage device is determined. ; S2, Determining the helium production rate in the neutron tube, based on DT reaction parameters, and determining the rate of helium production during the DT reaction. ; S3, Balanced Judgment and Control Decision Generation, and A comparison is performed, and a control decision is generated based on the comparison results.

2. The dynamic balance control method for the neutron tube helium adsorption storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensor has a measurement accuracy of not less than ±0.1%FS, the temperature sensor has a measurement accuracy of not less than ±0.5℃, and the monitoring device for deuterium-tritium input flow has a measurement accuracy of not less than ±0.5%FS.

3. The dynamic balance control method for the neutron tube helium adsorption storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically involves: determining the nitrogen adsorption characteristics of the storage device through experiments, wherein the adsorption characteristics data are the nitrogen adsorption rate of the storage device under different pressure and temperature conditions; constructing a mapping relationship for the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device based on the adsorption characteristics data; and the controller receiving the acquired pressure and temperature values ​​and outputting the amount of helium adsorbed by the storage device according to the mapping relationship. .

4. The dynamic balance control method for the neutron tube helium adsorption storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the DT reaction parameters include the neutron tube's operating voltage, operating current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate; and the helium production rate during the DT reaction. The determination method is as follows: a DT reaction helium production rate model is constructed. The DT reaction helium production rate model is determined experimentally. The inputs are the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and the input flow rate of deuterium and tritium. The output is the rate at which helium is produced during the DT reaction. .

5. The dynamic balance control method for the neutron tube helium adsorption storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for constructing the helium production rate model for the DT reaction is as follows: The DT reaction was simulated by experiments under different operating voltages, currents and deuterium-tritium input flow rates. The helium produced by the reaction was collected using a gas collection device, and the amount of helium produced per unit time was measured to obtain the helium production rate under different operating parameters and deuterium-tritium input flow rates. Based on experimental data and using the physical principles of the DT reaction, the relationship between working voltage, working current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate and helium production rate is analyzed, and a mathematical model describing the relationship between working voltage, working current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate and helium production rate is constructed. The established mathematical model was fitted and optimized with parameters. The model parameters were adjusted by comparing and verifying with experimental data to generate a DT reaction helium production rate model.

6. The dynamic balance control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the method for generating control decisions is specifically as follows: like If so, the generated control strategy is a stable strategy, and no parameter adjustment is performed; like ,and The resulting control strategy is a production reduction strategy; Q like ,and If so, the resulting control strategy is a production-increasing strategy.

7. The dynamic balance control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, For a pre-set threshold, and It ranges from 5% to 10%.

8. The dynamic balance control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The production reduction strategy includes reducing the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and reducing the input flow rate of deuterium and tritium; the production increase strategy includes increasing the operating voltage and current of the neutron tube and increasing the input flow rate of deuterium and tritium.

9. The dynamic balance control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, When adjusting the operating voltage, operating current, and deuterium-tritium input flow rate, the corresponding adjustment step size and the adjustment amount within a single adjustment step size are set, and the control strategy generation interval is an integer multiple of each adjustment step size.

10. The dynamic balance control method for a neutron tube helium adsorption storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adjustment step size for the operating voltage is 10 seconds, with an adjustment amount of ±5kV within a single adjustment step size; the adjustment step size for the operating current is 5 seconds, with an adjustment amount of ±20A within a single adjustment step size; the adjustment step size for the deuterium-tritium input flow rate is 2 seconds, with an adjustment amount of ±0.1L / min within a single adjustment step size; and the control strategy generation interval is 20 seconds.

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