Frequency determination method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a frequency determination method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. According to the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: constructing a target function relationship between a to-be-determined frequency and a system Hamiltonian according to working frequencies corresponding to quantum elements in a target system and preset coupling strength among the quantum elements; and based on the target function relationship, obtaining a corresponding to-be-determined frequency of the target system when the leakage rate is 0, and taking the to-be-determined frequency as a target frequency of the control signal. Through the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the frequency of the control signal applied to the adjustable coupler during the execution period of the resonance type double-quantum logic gate can be determined, so that an observer error is effectively inhibited, and the fidelity of quantum calculation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and in particular to a frequency determination method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Quantum computing is a computational paradigm that utilizes the fundamental properties of quantum mechanics to solve problems. By constructing precisely operable quantum physics hardware systems and running quantum computing software to implement quantum algorithms, computational problems can be solved, enabling the application of quantum computing in specific problems or fields.

[0003] During resonant two-quantum logic gate operation, the residual coupling between the two qubits performing the resonant two-quantum logic gate operation and their respective next-neighbor qubits can lead to observer error, affecting the quantum computing results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a frequency determination method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium to determine the frequency of the control signal applied to the tunable coupler during the execution of a resonant dual quantum logic gate, thereby effectively suppressing observer error and improving the fidelity of quantum computing. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] This application provides a frequency determination method, the method comprising:

[0006] Based on the operating frequency of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element, a target function relationship between the frequency to be determined and the system Hamiltonian is constructed. The quantum element includes a first quantum bit, a second quantum bit, a third quantum bit, and a tunable coupler coupling the second quantum bit and the third quantum bit. The frequency to be determined is the frequency of the control signal applied to the tunable coupler when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit perform a resonant dual quantum logic gate operation.

[0007] Based on the objective function relationship, the frequency to be determined corresponding to the leakage rate of the target system when the leakage rate is 0 is obtained, and used as the target frequency of the control signal.

[0008] This application embodiment also provides a frequency determination device, the device comprising:

[0009] A construction module is used to construct a target function relationship between the frequency to be determined and the Hamiltonian of the system based on the operating frequency of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element. The quantum element includes a first quantum bit, a second quantum bit, a third quantum bit, and a tunable coupler coupling the second quantum bit and the third quantum bit. The frequency to be determined is the frequency of the control signal applied to the tunable coupler when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit perform a resonant dual quantum logic gate operation.

[0010] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the frequency to be determined corresponding to the leakage rate of the target system when the leakage rate is 0, based on the objective function relationship, and use it as the target frequency of the control signal.

[0011] This application also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus;

[0012] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0013] When a processor executes a program stored in memory, it implements any of the frequency determination method steps described above.

[0014] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the frequency determination method steps described above.

[0015] This application also provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute any of the frequency determination methods described above.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the embodiments in this application:

[0017] The technical solution provided in this application can construct a target function relationship between the frequency to be determined and the system Hamiltonian of the target system based on the operating frequency of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between the quantum elements. Based on this target function relationship, the frequency to be determined corresponding to a leakage rate of 0 is obtained as the target frequency of the control signal. In other words, the frequency of the control signal applied to the tunable coupler between the second and third qubits during the resonant dual-quantum logic gate operation of the first and second qubits is determined. By applying a control signal of the target frequency to this tunable coupler, residual coupling between the first and third qubits can be suppressed, thereby suppressing observer error and improving the fidelity of quantum computing.

[0018] Furthermore, since the target frequency is calculated when the leakage rate is 0, the residual coupling in the target system is minimized at the target frequency. This effectively improves the accuracy of the determined target frequency, thereby improving the effectiveness of observer error suppression and enhancing the fidelity of quantum computing.

[0019] Of course, implementing any product or method of this application does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a quantum bit system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first process for a frequency determination method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a second flowchart illustrating the frequency determination method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a third flowchart illustrating the frequency determination method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a fourth flowchart illustrating the frequency determination method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the frequency determination device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] In related technologies, the two qubits that perform resonant dual quantum logic gate operations on a quantum chip are called gate bits, and the qubit coupled to either gate bit is called an observation bit.

[0030] For ease of understanding, combined with Figure 1 To explain, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a quantum bit system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 The illustrated qubit system includes three qubits on a quantum chip and two tunable couplers, namely the qubit Q. L qubit Q H qubit Q S Coupled qubit Q L and quantum bits Q H Adjustable coupler C G and coupled qubit Q H and quantum bits Q S Adjustable coupler C S Using qubit Q L and quantum bits Q H When performing a resonant two-quantum logic gate operation, the qubit Q L and quantum bits Q H That is, two gate bits, qubit Q S This refers to the observation bit.

[0031] The above Figure 1 The quantum bit Q shown L and quantum bits Q H When performing resonant two-quantum logic gate operations, the presence of residual coupling can lead to a decrease in the Q-bit. L With quantum bit Q S There is quantum state leakage, which leads to observer error. For example, at a certain moment, the quantum bit Q... L and quantum bits Q S The quantum states are |1> and |0>, respectively. Due to observer error, the quantum bit Q L and quantum bits Q S The quantum state will transform into |0> and |1>, affecting the results of quantum computing.

[0032] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a frequency determination method. For example... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of the frequency determination method provided in this application. This method can be applied to any electronic device, such as a quantum computer, a quantum computing measurement and control system, etc., and no specific limitation is made to this electronic device. Figure 2 The method shown includes the following steps.

[0033] Step S201: Based on the operating frequency of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element, construct the objective function relationship between the frequency to be determined and the system Hamiltonian. The quantum elements include a first quantum bit, a second quantum bit, a third quantum bit, and an adjustable coupler coupling the second quantum bit and the third quantum bit. The frequency to be determined is the frequency of the control signal applied to the adjustable coupler when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit perform a resonant dual quantum logic gate operation.

[0034] Step S202: Based on the objective function relationship, obtain the frequency to be determined corresponding to the leakage rate of the target system when the leakage rate is 0, and use it as the target frequency of the control signal.

[0035] pass Figure 2 The method shown constructs a target function relationship between the frequency to be determined and the system Hamiltonian of the target system, based on the operating frequencies of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between the quantum elements. Based on this target function relationship, the frequency to be determined when the leakage rate is 0 is obtained, serving as the target frequency for the control signal. In other words, the frequency of the control signal applied to the tunable coupler between the second and third qubits during resonant dual-quantum logic gate operations is determined. By applying a control signal at the target frequency to this tunable coupler, residual coupling between the first and third qubits can be suppressed, thereby suppressing observer error and improving the fidelity of quantum computing.

[0036] Furthermore, since the target frequency is calculated when the leakage rate is 0, the residual coupling in the target system is minimized at the target frequency. This effectively improves the accuracy of the determined target frequency, thereby improving the effectiveness of observer error suppression and enhancing the fidelity of quantum computing.

[0037] The embodiments of this application will be described below through specific examples.

[0038] Regarding step S201 above, that is, based on the operating frequency of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element, a target function relationship between the frequency to be determined and the system Hamiltonian is constructed. The quantum element includes a first quantum bit, a second quantum bit, a third quantum bit, and an adjustable coupler coupling the second quantum bit and the third quantum bit. The frequency to be determined is the frequency of the control signal applied to the adjustable coupler when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit perform a resonant dual quantum logic gate operation.

[0039] In the embodiments of this application, the target system includes multiple quantum elements. For example, the quantum elements in the target system may include at least three qubits and two tunable couplers, namely a first qubit, a second qubit, a third qubit, a tunable coupler for coupling the first qubit and the second qubit (denoted as the first coupler), and a tunable coupler for coupling the second qubit and the third qubit (denoted as the second coupler).

[0040] For ease of understanding, in conjunction with the above Figure 1 Please provide an explanation. When Figure 1 When the qubit system shown can be the target system described above, the qubit Q L It can be the first qubit mentioned above, qubit Q. H It can be the second qubit mentioned above, qubit Q S It can be the aforementioned third qubit, tunable coupler C G It can be the first coupler mentioned above, or the adjustable coupler C. S It can be the second coupler mentioned above.

[0041] For each qubit in the target system described above, the electronic device pre-stores the operating frequency corresponding to the qubit's participation in quantum computing, such as the operating frequency corresponding to the qubit performing a single-qubit logic gate operation and the operating frequency corresponding to the qubit performing a two-qubit logic gate operation. For each pair of quantum elements in the target system described above, the electronic device pre-stores a preset coupling strength between the two quantum elements. Taking the aforementioned qubit Q... S Taking the example of a quantum bit Q, let's illustrate this. S Coupled connection quantum bit Q H and adjustable coupler C S Electronic devices can pre-store qubits Q. S and quantum bits Q H The preset coupling strength g between them hs and quantum bits Q S and adjustable coupler C S Preset coupling strength between

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, the operating frequency of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element can be obtained based on user experience or experimental calibration. Here, the method for determining the operating frequency and preset coupling strength is not specifically limited.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, if the electronic device performs resonant two-quantum logic gate operations using the first and second qubits in the target system (i.e., if the first and second qubits are gate bits), the electronic device can construct a functional relationship (denoted as the target functional relationship) between the frequency of the control signal applied to the tunable coupler (i.e., the second coupler) and the system Hamiltonian of the target system, based on the operating frequency of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element. The method for constructing the target functional relationship is described below and will not be repeated here.

[0044] The aforementioned resonant dual quantum logic gate operations can be Control-Z (CZ) gate operations, Cross-Resonance (CR) gate operations, etc. No specific limitations are imposed on these resonant dual quantum logic gate operations.

[0045] In this embodiment, only the first and second qubits in the target system are used as gate bits, and the third qubit as the observation bit, as an example for explanation. If the gate bits are changed to other qubits in the target system, such as the second and third qubits mentioned above, the tunable coupler corresponding to the observation bit and control signal will also change accordingly. The method for determining the target frequency of the control signal when the gate bits and observation bits change can be determined by referring to the above method, and will not be specifically described here.

[0046] Furthermore, the first, second, and third qubits in the aforementioned target system can be connected on the quantum chip as follows: Figure 1 The three qubits shown are arbitrary. Here, the first, second, and third qubits in the target system described above are not specifically defined.

[0047] Regarding step S202 above, which is to obtain the frequency to be determined when the leakage rate of the target system is 0 based on the objective function relationship, the target frequency of the control signal is used as the target frequency.

[0048] In this embodiment, to avoid leakage during the execution of resonant dual-quantum logic gate operations, observer error can be avoided by shutting down the coupling between the gate bit and the observation bit. For example, when performing resonant dual-quantum logic gate operations using the first and second qubits, the coupling between the second and third qubits is shut down.

[0049] The coupling strength between the second and third qubits can be altered by changing the frequency of the control signal applied to the second coupler. In other words, using a suitable control signal frequency can shut off the coupling between the second and third qubits, preventing leakage during the resonant dual-quantum logic gate operations performed on the first and second qubits. This effectively suppresses observer error, ensures the normal execution of the resonant dual-quantum logic gate, and improves the fidelity of quantum computing.

[0050] After determining the aforementioned objective function relationship, the electronic device can obtain the frequency to be determined corresponding to a leakage rate of 0 for the target system based on the Hamiltonian in the objective function relationship, and use this frequency as the target frequency for applying the control signal to the second coupler. The method for obtaining the target frequency is described below and will not be specifically explained here.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, according to the above... Figure 2 The method shown in this application embodiment also provides a frequency determination method. For example... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a second flowchart illustrating the frequency determination method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 The method shown has been augmented with the following step, namely step S203.

[0052] In step S203, when performing a resonant dual quantum logic gate operation using the first and second qubits, a control signal matching the target frequency is applied to the tunable coupler.

[0053] In this step, when the electronic device performs the resonant two-quantum logic gate operation using the first and second qubits, a control signal with the target frequency can be applied to the tunable coupler (i.e., the second coupler) that couples the second and third qubits. That is, a control signal with the target frequency is applied to the tunable coupler that couples the observation bit and the gate bit.

[0054] For ease of understanding, the above-described CZ gate operation, representing a resonant dual-quantum logic gate operation, will be used as an example. After determining the target frequency through steps S201-S202, the electronic device can generate a periodic flat-top Gaussian wave with the target frequency as a control signal. When performing the CZ gate operation using the first and second qubits, the electronic device can apply this control signal to the second coupler.

[0055] Through the above step S203, when the electronic device performs the above resonant dual quantum logic gate operation using the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit, it can apply a control signal matching the target frequency to the tunable coupler, thereby offsetting the influence of observer error on the resonant dual quantum logic gate operation, improving the accuracy of the resonant dual quantum logic gate execution and the accuracy of the quantum computing results.

[0056] In addition, compared with the detuning method in related technologies, the embodiments of this application use the method of applying a target frequency to the tunable coupler that couples the observation bit and the gate bit to offset the observer error. This can reduce the probability of frequency collisions between qubits on a large-scale quantum chip to a certain extent, and at the same time, avoid leakage of non-computational subspace.

[0057] In the above embodiments, taking only one observation bit in the target system as an example, the frequency determination process of the control signal on the adjustable coupler used to couple the observation bit and the gate bit is described as an example. In addition, the electronic device can also...

[0058] In an optional embodiment, according to the above... Figure 2 The method shown in this application embodiment also provides a frequency determination method. For example... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a third flowchart illustrating the frequency determination method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method includes the following steps.

[0059] Step S401: Obtain the operating frequencies corresponding to the first and second qubits in the target system when they resonate in the target computation subspace, and use them as the first and second operating frequencies.

[0060] In this step, since the first and second qubits are gate bits, meaning a resonant two-qubit logic gate operation is performed on them, the first and second qubits need to be adjusted to their resonant positions in the target computation subspace before performing the resonant two-qubit logic gate operation. The electronic device can obtain the operating frequencies of the first and second qubits when they resonate in the target computation subspace, that is, obtain the first operating frequency corresponding to the first qubit and the second operating frequency corresponding to the second qubit.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, the quantum state is represented in the order of the second qubit and the first qubit, and the above-mentioned target computational subspace resonance can be represented as: the state formed by |11> and |20>.

[0062] In this embodiment of the application, the operating frequencies of the first and second qubits during target computation subspace resonance satisfy the following:

[0063] ω h +α h =ω l

[0064] Where, ω h α represents the second operating frequency corresponding to the second qubit. h For the anharmonicity of the second qubit, ω l This represents the first operating frequency corresponding to the first quantum bit.

[0065] Step S402: Obtain the operating frequency of the third qubit in the target system in the idle state, and use it as the third operating frequency.

[0066] In this step, the electronic device can obtain the operating frequency of the third qubit when performing a single quantum logic gate operation, and obtain the operating frequency of the third qubit in the idle state (denoted as the third operating frequency).

[0067] The aforementioned third operating frequency can be a value based on user experience or obtained through experimental testing. No specific limitations are made here regarding the determination of this third operating frequency.

[0068] Step S402 can be performed before or after step S401, or it can be performed simultaneously with step S401. Here, there is no specific limitation on the execution order of steps S401 and S402.

[0069] Step S403: Based on the first operating frequency, the second operating frequency, and the first coupling strength, calculate the first hybridization frequency and the second hybridization frequency corresponding to the first hybridization energy level and the second hybridization energy level of the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit during the execution of the resonant dual quantum logic gate. The first coupling strength is the preset coupling strength when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit execute the resonant dual quantum logic gate.

[0070] For ease of understanding, the above-described CZ gate is used as an example to illustrate the resonant two-quantum logic gate operation. When the first and second qubits resonate in the target computation subspace, a certain time t elapses. g Then, through CZ gate operations on the first and second qubits, |11> will undergo the following evolution: This enables the CZ gate. In this process, the quantum state can be represented as:

[0071]

[0072] Where Ψ(t)> is the wavefunction required to perform the CZ gate operation, cos is the cosine operation, sin is the sine operation, g is the coupling strength between the first and second qubits, t is time, e is the natural constant, i is the imaginary unit, and |+> is the first hybridization level in the evolution process. |-> represents the second hybridization energy level in the evolution process.

[0073] For the first hybrid energy level and the second hybrid energy level mentioned above, the electronic device can calculate the first hybrid frequency corresponding to the first hybrid energy level and the second hybrid frequency corresponding to the second hybrid energy level based on the first operating frequency, the second operating frequency and the first coupling strength between the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, the electronic device can use the following formula to calculate the first hybrid frequency ω corresponding to the first hybrid energy level |+> and the second hybrid energy level |-> during the execution of a resonant two-quantum logic gate by the first and second qubits. + Second hybridization frequency ω - ;

[0075] ω + =ω H +ω L +g gate

[0076] ω - =ω H +ω L -g gate

[0077] Where, ω H For the second operating frequency, ω L For the first operating frequency, g gate This represents the first coupling strength.

[0078] In this embodiment, the first coupling strength is a preset coupling strength when the first qubit and the second qubit perform the resonant two-quantum logic gate operation. This first coupling strength is the reciprocal of the execution time corresponding to the resonant two-quantum logic gate operation, and can be specifically expressed as: g gate = 1 / T, where T is the execution time corresponding to the above resonant dual quantum logic gate operation of the first and second qubits. This execution time can be set according to user needs, quantum computing task execution time, decoherence time, etc. Here, no specific limit is made on this execution time.

[0079] Step S404: Based on the second coupling strength, the third coupling strength, the fourth coupling strength, the first detuning, and the second detuning, generate a first functional relationship indicating the first effective coupling strength between the first hybrid energy level and the spectator energy level of the third qubit, wherein the second coupling strength is a preset coupling strength between the second qubit and the third qubit, the third coupling strength is a preset coupling strength between the second qubit and the tunable coupler, the fourth coupling strength is a preset coupling strength between the third qubit and the tunable coupler, the first detuning is the frequency difference between the first hybrid frequency and the frequency to be determined, and the second detuning is the frequency difference between the third operating frequency and the frequency to be determined.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, the electronic device can generate a functional relationship (denoted as the first functional relationship) between the control signal frequency and the first effective coupling strength based on the second coupling strength, the third coupling strength, the fourth coupling strength, the first detuning, and the second detuning. The first effective coupling strength... The effective coupling strength between the first hybrid energy level |+> and the spectator energy level |s> of the third qubit can be expressed as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, g +s Let be the coupling strength between the first hybridization energy level |+> and the spectator energy level |s>, and let be the second coupling strength. For the first hybrid level |+> and the tunable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the third coupling strength. For the audience energy level |s> and the adjustable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the fourth coupling strength. The first hybridization frequency ω + With the frequency to be determined The first mismatch between them The third operating frequency ω s With the frequency to be determined The second misharmony between them.

[0083] The aforementioned first mistuning It can be represented as: The aforementioned second mistuning It can be represented as: In the first functional relationship mentioned above and Included This refers to an unknown quantity, specifically a frequency to be determined.

[0084] If the quantum states are arranged in the order of the first qubit, the second qubit, and the third qubit, then based on It can be known that g +s =g |110>|011> +g |020>|011> , targeting g |110>|011> Since the second qubit is always |1>, there is no direct coupling between the remaining first and third qubits. Therefore, g |110>|011> =0. Based on this, g +s =g |020>|011> =g hs That is, the aforementioned g. +s This can be expressed as the preset coupling strength between the second and third qubits (i.e., the second coupling strength g). hs ).

[0085] The above This is expressed as the preset coupling strength between the third qubit and the second tunable coupler (i.e., the third coupling strength). (Refer to the above g) +s This is represented as the second coupling strength representation process, which will not be explained in detail here.

[0086] Step S405: Based on the second coupling strength, the third coupling strength, the fourth coupling strength, the second detuning, and the third detuning, generate a second functional relationship indicating the second effective coupling strength between the second hybrid energy level and the audience energy level, wherein the third detuning is the frequency difference between the second hybrid frequency and the frequency to be determined.

[0087] In one optional embodiment, the electronic device uses a second coupling strength, a third coupling strength, a fourth coupling strength, a second detuning, and a third detuning to generate a functional relationship (denoted as the second functional relationship) between the control signal frequency and the second effective coupling strength. The second effective coupling strength... The effective coupling strength between the second hybrid level |-> and the spectator level |s> can be expressed as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, g -s The coupling strength between the second hybrid energy level |-> and the audience energy level |s> is denoted as the second coupling strength. For the second hybrid level |-> with the tunable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the third coupling strength. For the audience energy level |s> and the adjustable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the fourth coupling strength. The second hybridization frequency ω - With the frequency to be determined The third misharmony between them The third operating frequency ω s With the frequency to be determined The second misharmony between them.

[0090] The aforementioned third mistuning It can be represented as In the second functional relationship mentioned above and Included This refers to an unknown quantity, specifically a frequency to be determined.

[0091] The aforementioned second coupling strength g hs g represents -s and the aforementioned third coupling strength The second coupling strength can be referred to above. +s The derivation process will not be explained in detail here.

[0092] In the embodiments of this application, step S404 can be executed before or after step S405, or it can be executed simultaneously with step S405. Here, there is no specific limitation on the execution order of step S404 and step S405.

[0093] Step S406: Based on the first hybrid frequency, the second hybrid frequency, the third operating frequency, the first functional relationship, and the second functional relationship, construct the objective functional relationship between the frequency to be determined and the system Hamiltonian.

[0094] In this embodiment of the application, the Hamiltonian of the target system described above can be expressed as:

[0095]

[0096] Where H is the system Hamiltonian of the target system, ω i Let i be the bare frequency of the qubit or coupler, i∈{L,H,S,C} G C s}, where L represents the first qubit, H represents the second qubit, S represents the third qubit, and C represents the third qubit. G This refers to the tunable coupler between the first and second qubits, i.e., the first coupler mentioned above, C. s This is a tunable coupler between the second and third qubits, i.e., the second coupler mentioned above, where α is anharmonic. `g` represents the production operator and the annihilation operator, respectively. jk g represents the coupling strength between adjacent qubits and tunable couplers. mn The coupling strength is the value between two adjacent qubits.

[0097] For ease of understanding, we will still use the above resonant two-quantum logic gate operation as an example of CZ gate operation. When the electronic device performs CZ gate operation using gate bits, the above |11> and |20> will be hybridized into the above first hybrid energy level |+> and second hybrid energy level |->. At this time, since the observation bit is in the near-resonance region, there will be an observation energy level |s> that will interact with the first hybrid energy level and the second hybrid energy level. Since the Hamiltonian represented by the mixed state cannot be written in the form of including the annihilation operator as the above bare state, the Hamiltonian of the above target system is converted into the form of the following objective function relationship based on the Schrieffer-Wolf (SW) transformation of the matrix. That is, the electronic device can accurately determine the first hybrid frequency, the second hybrid frequency, the third operating frequency, the first effective coupling strength, and the second effective coupling strength. At this time, the electronic device constructs the objective function relationship between the frequency to be determined and the system Hamiltonian based on the determined parameters. This objective function relationship can be expressed as:

[0098]

[0099] Where H is the system Hamiltonian of the target system, ω + ω is the first hybridization frequency. - The second hybridization frequency, The first effective coupling strength, For the second effective coupling strength, ω s This is the third operating frequency.

[0100] In the matrix on the right side of the objective function relation described above, from left to right, |+>, |->, |s> are represented respectively, and from top to bottom, they are also represented as |+>, |->, |s>. Each matrix element represents the interaction strength between the corresponding energy levels. For example, in the matrix... This represents the interaction strength between the first hybrid energy level |+> and the observed energy level |s> (denoted as the first effective coupling strength mentioned above).

[0101] The above objective function relationship is a relational expression concerning the frequency to be determined and the Hamiltonian, in which the unknowns are included in the first, second, and third detunings mentioned above. That is, the frequency of the control signal applied to the second coupler mentioned above.

[0102] Step S406 above is a refinement of step S201 above.

[0103] Through steps S401-S406, the electronic device can accurately determine the first hybridization frequency, second hybridization frequency, third operating frequency, first effective coupling strength, and second effective coupling strength based on the operating frequency of each quantum element and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element, thereby constructing the target function relationship, which facilitates the determination of the time control signal frequency on the adjustable coupler of the coupling observation bit and gate bit in the later stage.

[0104] Step S407: Based on the objective function relationship, obtain the frequency to be determined corresponding to the leakage rate of the target system when the leakage rate is 0, and use it as the target frequency of the control signal.

[0105] The above step S407 is the same as the above step S202.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, according to the above... Figure 2 The method shown in this application embodiment also provides a frequency determination method. For example... Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth process for the frequency determination method provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 In the method shown, step S202 can be further refined into the following steps, namely step S2021–step S2022.

[0107] Step S2021: Based on the objective function relationship, the Schrödinger equation is used to determine the quantum state probability function corresponding to the target system in the preset leakage state. The preset leakage state is the quantum state corresponding to the target system when leakage occurs during the execution of the resonant dual quantum logic gate operation.

[0108] Regarding the objective function relationship, electronic devices can make By performing a coordinate transformation on the Hamiltonian H of the above system, we can obtain:

[0109]

[0110] The corresponding Schrödinger equation is expressed as:

[0111]

[0112] Where H0 is the diagonal part of H, For the unitary operator of U, Let be the derivative of U, and i be the imaginary unit. Let be Planck's constant, g be the coupling strength, the subscript + denotes the first hybridization level, the subscript - denotes the second hybridization level, exp be an exponential function with base e, t be time, and c be the probability amplitude. Let c be the derivative of c. s The probability amplitude of the observed bit.

[0113] In an optional embodiment, taking the quantum states arranged in the order of the third qubit, the second qubit, and the first qubit as an example, if the preset leakage state is |110>, then the quantum state probability function can be expressed as:

[0114]

[0115] Among them, P 110 Let be the probability of the target system at |110>, t be time, e be the natural constant, and Δ be the probability of the target system at |110>. +s This represents the fourth detuning between the first hybridization level |+> and the audience level |s>. For the first effective coupling strength, C + (0) represents the initial probability amplitude of the first hybridization level, sin is the sinusoidal operation, and Δ -s This represents the fifth detuning between the first hybridization level |-> and the audience level |s>. For the second effective coupling strength, C - (0) represents the initial probability amplitude of the second hybrid level, and || represents the absolute value operation.

[0116] The above fourth detuning Δ +s It can be represented as: Δ +s =ω + -ω s The fifth detuning Δ mentioned above -s It can be represented as: Δ -s =ω - -ω s .

[0117] In this embodiment, the preset leakage state is the quantum state at which leakage occurs from the initial state |011>. That is, the quantum state of the first quantum state leaks from |1> to |0>, thereby causing the quantum state of the third quantum bit to change from |0> to |1>. The probability of the preset leakage state is proportional to the leakage rate. That is, the higher the probability of the preset leakage state, the higher the leakage rate; the lower the probability of the preset leakage state, the lower the leakage rate.

[0118] Step S2022: Calculate the frequency to be determined when the quantum state probability of the preset leakage state is 0, based on the quantum state probability function, and use it as the target frequency of the control signal.

[0119] For ease of understanding, the quantum state probability function described above will still be represented by the above P. 110 Taking (t) as an example, since the quantum state probability of the preset leakage state is proportional to the leakage rate, the electronic device can calculate P. 110 The frequency to be determined when (t) = 0 That is, the frequency to be determined when the leakage rate is minimized is used as the target frequency for applying the control signal to the second coupler.

[0120] Through steps S2021-S2022, the electronic device can determine the quantum state probability function corresponding to the preset leakage state based on the aforementioned objective function relationship. Since the preset leakage state is the quantum state corresponding to leakage occurring when the target system performs a resonant dual-quantum logic gate operation, the leakage rate is minimized when the quantum state probability of the preset leakage state is 0. This effectively suppresses leakage during resonant dual-quantum logic gate operations on the first and second qubits, thereby suppressing observer error and improving the fidelity of quantum computing.

[0121] Based on the same inventive concept, and according to the frequency determination method provided in the above embodiments of this application, this application also provides a frequency determination device. For example... Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a frequency determination device provided in an embodiment of this application. The device includes the following modules.

[0122] The construction module 601 is used to construct the objective function relationship between the frequency to be determined and the Hamiltonian of the system based on the operating frequency of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element. The quantum element includes a first quantum bit, a second quantum bit, a third quantum bit, and a tunable coupler coupling the second quantum bit and the third quantum bit. The frequency to be determined is the frequency of the control signal applied to the tunable coupler when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit perform a resonant dual quantum logic gate operation.

[0123] The first acquisition module 602 is used to acquire the frequency to be determined corresponding to the leakage rate of the target system when the leakage rate is 0, based on the objective function relationship, and use it as the target frequency of the control signal.

[0124] Optionally, the frequency determination device may further include:

[0125] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the operating frequencies of the first and second qubits in the target system when they resonate in the target computation subspace, before constructing the target function relationship between the frequency to be determined and the system Hamiltonian based on the operating frequencies of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element. These frequencies are used as the first and second operating frequencies.

[0126] The third acquisition module is used to acquire the operating frequency of the third quantum bit in the target system when it is in the idle state, and use it as the third operating frequency.

[0127] The calculation module is used to calculate the first hybrid frequency and the second hybrid frequency corresponding to the first hybrid energy level and the second hybrid energy level of the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit during the execution of the resonant two quantum logic gate, based on the first operating frequency, the second operating frequency and the first coupling strength, wherein the first coupling strength is a preset coupling strength when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit execute the resonant two quantum logic gate.

[0128] The first generation module is used to generate a first functional relationship indicating the first effective coupling strength between the first hybrid energy level and the spectator energy level of the third qubit, based on the second coupling strength, the third coupling strength, the fourth coupling strength, the first detuning, and the second detuning. The second coupling strength is a preset coupling strength between the second qubit and the third qubit, the third coupling strength is a preset coupling strength between the second qubit and the tunable coupler, the fourth coupling strength is a preset coupling strength between the third qubit and the tunable coupler, the first detuning is the frequency difference between the first hybrid frequency and the frequency to be determined, and the second detuning is the frequency difference between the third operating frequency and the frequency to be determined.

[0129] The second generation module is used to generate a second functional relationship indicating the second effective coupling strength between the second hybrid energy level and the audience energy level based on the second coupling strength, the third coupling strength, the fourth coupling strength, the second detuning, and the third detuning, wherein the third detuning is the frequency difference between the second hybrid frequency and the frequency to be determined;

[0130] The aforementioned construction module 601 can be specifically used to construct an objective functional relationship between the frequency to be determined and the system Hamiltonian based on the first hybrid frequency, the second hybrid frequency, the third operating frequency, the first functional relationship, and the second functional relationship.

[0131] Optionally, the aforementioned calculation module can be used to calculate, using the following formula, the first hybridization frequency ω corresponding to the first hybridization energy level |+> and the second hybridization energy level |-> during the execution of a resonant two-quantum logic gate by the first and second qubits. + Second hybridization frequency ω - ;

[0132] ω + =ω H +ω L +g gate

[0133] ω - =ω H +ω L -g gate

[0134] Where, ω H For the second operating frequency, ω L For the first operating frequency, ggate This represents the first coupling strength.

[0135] Optionally, the first functional relationship described above can be expressed as:

[0136]

[0137] in, Let g be the first coupling strength between the first hybridization level |+> and the spectator level |s>. +s Let be the coupling strength between the first hybridization energy level |+> and the spectator energy level |s>, and let be the second coupling strength. For the first hybrid level |+> and the tunable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the third coupling strength. For the audience energy level |s> and the adjustable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the fourth coupling strength. The first hybridization frequency ω + With the frequency to be determined The first mismatch between them The third operating frequency ω s With the frequency to be determined The second misharmony between them.

[0138] Optionally, the second functional relationship described above can be expressed as:

[0139]

[0140] in, g represents the second effective coupling strength between the second hybrid level |-> and the spectator level |s>. -s The coupling strength between the second hybrid energy level |-> and the audience energy level |s> is denoted as the second coupling strength. For the second hybrid level |-> with the tunable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the third coupling strength. For the audience energy level |s> and the adjustable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the fourth coupling strength. The second hybridization frequency ω - With the frequency to be determined The third misharmony between them The third operating frequency ω s With the frequency to be determined The second misharmony between them.

[0141] Optionally, the above objective function relationship can be expressed as:

[0142]

[0143] Where H is the system Hamiltonian of the target system, ω + ω is the first hybridization frequency. - The second hybridization frequency, The first effective coupling strength, For the second effective coupling strength, ω s This is the third operating frequency.

[0144] Optionally, the first acquisition module 602 mentioned above can be specifically used to determine the quantum state probability function corresponding to the target system in a preset leakage state based on the objective function relationship and using the Schrödinger equation. The preset leakage state is the quantum state corresponding to the target system when leakage occurs during the execution of a resonant dual quantum logic gate operation.

[0145] Based on the quantum state probability function, calculate the frequency to be determined when the quantum state probability of the preset leakage state is 0, and use it as the target frequency of the control signal.

[0146] Optionally, if the leak state is preset to |110>, then the above quantum state probability function can be expressed as:

[0147]

[0148] Among them, P 110 Let be the probability of the target system at |110>, t be time, e be the natural constant, and Δ be the probability of the target system at |110>. +s This represents the fourth detuning between the first hybridization level |+> and the audience level |s>. For the first effective coupling strength, C + (0) represents the initial probability amplitude of the first hybridization level, sin is the sinusoidal operation, and Δ -s This represents the fifth detuning between the first hybridization level |-> and the audience level |s>. For the second effective coupling strength, C - (0) represents the initial probability amplitude of the second hybrid level, and || represents the absolute value operation.

[0149] Optionally, the frequency determination device may further include:

[0150] An execution module is used to apply a control signal matching the target frequency to the tunable coupler when performing resonant two-quantum logic gate operations using the first and second qubits.

[0151] The apparatus provided in this application allows for the construction of a target function relationship between a desired frequency and the system Hamiltonian of the target system, based on the operating frequencies of each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between the quantum elements. This allows the determination of the desired frequency corresponding to a leakage rate of 0, which is then used as the target frequency for the control signal. In other words, it determines the frequency of the control signal applied to the tunable coupler between the second and third qubits during resonant dual-quantum logic gate operations. By applying a control signal at the target frequency to this tunable coupler, residual coupling between the first and third qubits can be suppressed, thereby suppressing observer error and improving the fidelity of quantum computing.

[0152] Furthermore, since the target frequency is calculated when the leakage rate is 0, the residual coupling in the target system is minimized at the target frequency. This effectively improves the accuracy of the determined target frequency, thereby improving the effectiveness of observer error suppression and enhancing the fidelity of quantum computing.

[0153] Based on the same inventive concept and according to the frequency determination method provided in the above embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it includes a processor 701, a communication interface 702, a memory 703, and a communication bus 704, wherein the processor 701, the communication interface 702, and the memory 703 communicate with each other through the communication bus 704.

[0154] Memory 703 is used to store computer programs;

[0155] The processor 701, when executing the program stored in the memory 703, implements any frequency determination method steps.

[0156] The communication bus mentioned in the above electronic devices can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used to represent it in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0157] The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned electronic devices and other devices.

[0158] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0159] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, including central processing units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), etc.; they can also be digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0160] Based on the same inventive concept, and according to the frequency determination method provided in the above embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above frequency determination methods.

[0161] Based on the same inventive concept, and according to the frequency determination method provided in the above embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product containing instructions, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the frequency determination methods in the above embodiments.

[0162] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk (SSD)).

[0163] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0164] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, embodiments such as apparatuses, electronic devices, computer-readable storage media, and computer program products are basically similar to the method embodiments, and therefore the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0165] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application are included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A frequency determination method, characterized by, The method comprises: According to the working frequency corresponding to each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element, a target function relationship between the to-be-determined frequency and the system Hamiltonian is constructed, the quantum element includes a first quantum bit, a second quantum bit, a third quantum bit, and an adjustable coupler coupling the second quantum bit and the third quantum bit, the to-be-determined frequency is the frequency of the control signal applied to the adjustable coupler when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit perform resonance-type double quantum logic gate operation; Based on the target function relationship, the to-be-determined frequency corresponding to the target system when the leakage rate is 0 is obtained as the target frequency of the control signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Before constructing the target function relationship between the to-be-determined frequency and the system Hamiltonian according to the working frequency corresponding to each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element, the method further comprises: Obtain the working frequency corresponding to the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit in the target system when resonating in the target computational subspace as the first working frequency and the second working frequency; Obtain the working frequency of the third quantum bit in the target system in the idle state as the third working frequency; According to the first working frequency, the second working frequency and the first coupling strength, the first hybrid frequency and the second hybrid frequency corresponding to the first hybrid energy level and the second hybrid energy level during the execution of the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit in the resonance-type double quantum logic gate are calculated, and the first coupling strength is the preset coupling strength when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit execute the resonance-type double quantum logic gate; According to the second coupling strength, the third coupling strength, the fourth coupling strength, the first detuning and the second detuning, a first function relationship indicating the first effective coupling strength between the first hybrid energy level and the spectator energy level of the third quantum bit is generated, wherein the second coupling strength is the preset coupling strength between the second quantum bit and the third quantum bit, the third coupling strength is the preset coupling strength between the second quantum bit and the adjustable coupler, the fourth coupling strength is the preset coupling strength between the third quantum bit and the adjustable coupler, the first detuning is the frequency difference between the first hybrid frequency and the to-be-determined frequency, and the second detuning is the frequency difference between the third working frequency and the to-be-determined frequency; According to the second coupling strength, the third coupling strength, the fourth coupling strength, the second detuning and the third detuning, a second function relationship indicating the second effective coupling strength between the second hybrid energy level and the spectator energy level is generated, wherein the third detuning is the frequency difference between the second hybrid frequency and the to-be-determined frequency; The step of constructing the target function relationship between the to-be-determined frequency and the system Hamiltonian according to the working frequency corresponding to each quantum element in the target system and the preset coupling strength between each quantum element comprises: construct a target function relationship between the to-be-determined frequency and a system Hamiltonian based on the first hybrid frequency, the second hybrid frequency, the third working frequency, the first function relationship, and the second function relationship.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The step of calculating the first hybrid frequency and the second hybrid frequency corresponding to the first hybrid energy level and the second hybrid energy level of the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit during the execution of the resonance-type double quantum logic gate according to the first working frequency, the second working frequency, and the first coupling strength comprises: The first hybrid frequency ω + and the second hybrid frequency ω - corresponding to the first hybrid state |+> and the second hybrid state |-> of the first qubit and the second qubit during the execution of the resonant two-qubit logic gate are calculated using the following equations + and - ω + = ω H + ω L + g gate ω - = ω H + ω L - g gate where ω H is the second operating frequency, ω L is the first operating frequency, and g gate is the first coupling strength.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first function relationship is represented as: wherein, g+is a first coupling strength between the first hybrid energy level |+> and the spectator energy level |s>, g +s g+is a coupling strength between the first hybrid energy level |+> and the spectator energy level |s>, denoted as the second coupling strength, g+is a coupling strength between the first hybrid energy level |+> and the tunable coupler C S denoted as the third coupling strength, g+is a coupling strength between the spectator energy level |s> and the tunable coupler C S denoted as the fourth coupling strength, g+is a first detuning between the first hybrid frequency co + and the frequency to be determined, g+is a second detuning between the third operating frequency co s and the frequency to be determined.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein, The second function relationship is represented as: in, g represents the second effective coupling strength between the second hybrid energy level |-> and the spectator energy level |s>. -s The coupling strength between the second hybrid energy level |-> and the audience energy level |s> is expressed as the second coupling strength. For the second hybrid energy level |-> with the tunable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the third coupling strength. For the audience energy level |s> and the tunable coupler C S The coupling strength between them is denoted as the fourth coupling strength. The second hybridization frequency ω - With the frequency to be determined The third misharmony between them The third operating frequency ω s With the frequency to be determined The second misharmony between them.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein, The target function relationship is represented as: where H is the system Hamiltonian of the target system, ω + is the first hybridization frequency, ω - is the second hybridization frequency, is the first effective coupling strength, is the second effective coupling strength, ω s is the third operating frequency.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of obtaining the to-be-determined frequency corresponding to the target system when the leakage rate is 0 as the target frequency of the control signal based on the target function relationship comprises: determining a quantum state probability function corresponding to the target system in a preset leakage state by using the Schrödinger equation based on the target function relationship, the preset leakage state being a quantum state corresponding to the target system when leakage occurs during the execution of the resonance-type double quantum logic gate operation; calculating the to-be-determined frequency corresponding to the quantum state probability being 0 in the preset leakage state as the target frequency of the control signal according to the quantum state probability function.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, If the preset leakage state is |110>, the quantum state probability function is represented as: where P 1100 is the probability of the target system in |110>, t is time, e is the natural constant, Δ +s is the fourth detuning between the first hybridized energy level |+> and the spectator energy level |s>, is the first effective coupling strength, C + (0) is the initial probability amplitude of the first hybridized energy level, sin is the sine operation, Δ -s is the fifth detuning between the first hybridized energy level |-> and the spectator energy level |s>, is the second effective coupling strength, C - (0) is the initial probability amplitude of the second hybridized energy level, || is the absolute value operation.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method further comprises: applying a control signal matching the target frequency on the adjustable coupler when the resonance-type double quantum logic gate operation is performed by using the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit.

10. A frequency determining device, characterized in that The device comprises: a construction module configured to construct a target function relationship between a to-be-determined frequency and a system Hamiltonian according to working frequencies corresponding to quantum elements in a target system and preset coupling strengths between the quantum elements, the quantum elements including a first quantum bit, a second quantum bit, a third quantum bit, and an adjustable coupler coupling the second quantum bit and the third quantum bit, the to-be-determined frequency being a frequency of a control signal applied on the adjustable coupler when the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit perform a resonance-type double quantum logic gate operation; a first acquisition module configured to obtain the to-be-determined frequency corresponding to the target system when the leakage rate is 0 as the target frequency of the control signal based on the target function relationship.

11. An electronic device, comprising: The device comprises a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory complete mutual communication through the communication bus. The memory is configured to store a computer program. The processor is configured to execute the program stored on the memory to implement the method steps of any one of claims 1-9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the method steps of any one of claims 1-9. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the method steps of any one of claims 1-9.

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