Surrounding rock three-dimensional strength cloud picture drawing method and tunneling construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel blasting, in particular to a surrounding rock three-dimensional strength cloud picture drawing method and a tunneling construction method. Comprising the steps that while-drilling data are collected, and while-drilling measurement system data generated when hole positions of all peripheral holes are drilled currently are collected; the drilling specific energy is calculated, and the energy needed by the drilling machine for drilling the unit volume of the rock under different depths of the hole positions of the peripheral holes is calculated according to the while-drilling data; drawing a three-dimensional intensity cloud picture, and performing continuous reconstruction on the space coordinates of the hole positions of the peripheral holes by using a triangulation algorithm; carrying out continuous treatment on the drilling specific energy intensity of each peripheral hole site under different depths by utilizing an interpolation method; and drawing a final three-dimensional intensity cloud picture of the tunnel surrounding rock for guiding the next blasting and drilling operation. According to the method, the measurement-while-drilling data generated by the drilling machine in the tunnel is utilized to form the tunnel surrounding rock energy method cloud picture which is used for indirectly evaluating the surrounding rock strength, guiding blasting construction, guaranteeing the construction safety of an engineering project and improving the construction efficiency of the engineering project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel blasting technology, specifically to a method for drawing a three-dimensional strength cloud map of surrounding rock and a tunnel excavation construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel construction is an important engineering project in the construction of railways, highways and other infrastructure. At present, the commonly used methods for tunnel excavation at home and abroad are drill-and-blast method, shield tunneling method and tunnel boring machine method. Among them, drill-and-blast method is widely used in mountain tunnel engineering due to its advantages such as high efficiency, economy, flexibility and wide applicability. Drill-and-blast method is a method of excavating rock by drilling, charging explosives and blasting. This method has evolved from the early method of manually drilling holes with a hand-held hammer to the current method of drilling holes with a multi-arm drill rod carried by a rock drilling rig.

[0003] Current technologies require geological exploration to determine the characteristics and strength of the surrounding rock before blasting operations, in order to rationally set blasting parameters and improve blasting results. However, geological exploration data has limitations in terms of accuracy and resolution, failing to provide high-resolution geological information. This makes it difficult to control the setting of blasting parameters during blasting cycles, resulting in unsatisfactory post-blast effects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for drawing a three-dimensional strength cloud map of surrounding rock and a tunnel excavation construction method. Compared with traditional construction methods, this invention utilizes the drilling measurement data generated by the drilling rig in the tunnel to calculate the energy required by the drilling rig per unit volume of rock, and reconstructs the data to form a tunnel surrounding rock energy cloud map, which is used to indirectly assess the strength of the surrounding rock, guide blasting construction, ensure the safety of engineering project construction, and improve the construction efficiency of engineering project.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a method for drawing a three-dimensional intensity cloud map of surrounding rock, comprising: Collect drilling data, including the drilling measurement system data generated by the current circulating advanced geological drilling rig and multi-arm rock drilling rig when drilling at various peripheral hole positions; Calculate the drilling specific energy, and calculate the energy required by the drilling rig to drill a unit volume of rock at different depths for each peripheral hole position based on the drilling data; A three-dimensional strength cloud map of the surrounding rock was drawn, and the spatial coordinates of each surrounding borehole position were continuously reconstructed using a triangulation algorithm. The drilling specific energy intensity of each surrounding borehole position at different depths was continuously processed using an interpolation method. The final three-dimensional strength cloud map of the tunnel surrounding rock was drawn to guide the next step of blasting and drilling operations.

[0006] According to the present invention, a method for drawing a three-dimensional strength cloud map of surrounding rock is provided, wherein the data of the measurement while drilling system includes the diameter D of the blast hole, the drilling speed N, the drilling torque T, the drilling rate V, the thrust F, the drilling depth, the borehole location, and the borehole number.

[0007] According to the method for drawing a three-dimensional strength cloud map of surrounding rock provided by the present invention, the drilling specific energy, i.e., the energy required by the drilling rig per unit volume of rock, is calculated by the following method: In the formula: E is the drilling specific energy; D is the diameter of the blast hole; N is the drilling speed; T is the drilling torque; V is the drilling rate; and F is the thrust.

[0008] According to the present invention, a method for drawing a three-dimensional intensity cloud map of surrounding rock includes a triangulation algorithm comprising: calculation using the Delaunay triangulation algorithm.

[0009] According to the present invention, a method for drawing a three-dimensional strength cloud map of surrounding rock is provided. The interpolation method includes: calculating the drilling specific energy of each point inside the triangle in the Delaunay triangulation diagram. The drilling specific energy of the points inside the triangle is obtained by calculating the weighted average of the drilling specific energy of each vertex of the triangle.

[0010] According to the present invention, a method for drawing a three-dimensional intensity cloud map of surrounding rock is provided, wherein the weighting coefficient of the weighted average value is determined by the distance from the internal points of the triangle to each vertex of the triangle.

[0011] According to the present invention, a method for drawing a three-dimensional strength cloud map of surrounding rock is provided. The three-dimensional coordinates of the surrounding rock strength cloud map represent the spatial position of the surrounding holes, and the colors represent different drilling specific energies. The three-dimensional strength cloud map of surrounding rock is used to indirectly reflect the strength of the surrounding rock during blasting drilling.

[0012] This invention also provides a tunnel excavation construction method. The method is based on the drill-and-blast method for tunnel excavation and uses a three-dimensional rock strength cloud map as described above to guide the construction. The method includes: adjusting the blasting parameters according to different colors in the three-dimensional rock strength cloud map. The higher the drilling specific energy corresponding to a color in the three-dimensional rock strength cloud map, the greater the blasting energy required for the surrounding rock, and the higher the blasting parameters. Conversely, the lower the drilling specific energy corresponding to a color in the three-dimensional rock strength cloud map, the lower the blasting energy required for the surrounding rock, and the lower the blasting parameters.

[0013] According to a tunnel excavation construction method provided by the present invention, the method further includes establishing a prediction model for the relationship between drilling specific energy and surrounding rock strength: conducting point load strength tests on the surrounding rock, statistically analyzing the point load strength test data and drilling specific energy parameters, and establishing a prediction model for the relationship between drilling specific energy and point load strength; converting the point load test parameters into surrounding rock strength using existing standard formulas, and establishing a prediction model for the relationship between drilling specific energy and surrounding rock strength.

[0014] The advantages of this invention are: 1. The surrounding rock strength of this invention is indirectly characterized by calculating the energy required by a rock drilling rig per unit volume, and it can be adapted to most mountain tunnel projects; 2. The parameters required for calculation in this invention are generated during the drilling process of the drilling rig. It has high resolution and continuity, strong real-time performance, and is a simple and feasible method for evaluating the strength of surrounding rock. 3. This invention uses triangulation algorithm and interpolation method to perform continuous processing and display of discrete spatial data and intensity data, which can improve the perception of rock properties in un-drilled areas. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for drawing three-dimensional strength cloud maps of surrounding rock according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the borehole locations for blasting surrounding rock as described in this invention; Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the two-dimensional strength diagram of the peripheral hole described in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Delaunay triangulation described in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional strength cloud map of the surrounding rock as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0018] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0019] This invention relates to a method for drawing a three-dimensional strength cloud map of surrounding rock and a tunnel excavation construction method. By utilizing the drilling measurement data generated by the drilling rig in the tunnel, the energy required by the drilling rig per unit volume of rock is calculated, and the data is reconstructed to form a tunnel surrounding rock energy cloud map, which is used to indirectly assess the strength of the surrounding rock, guide blasting construction, ensure the safety of engineering project construction, and improve the construction efficiency of engineering project.

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: A method for drawing three-dimensional intensity cloud maps of surrounding rock, specifically, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Collect drilling data, including the drilling measurement system data generated by the current circulating advanced geological drilling rig and multi-arm rock drilling rig when drilling at various peripheral hole positions; Calculate the drilling specific energy by using drilling data to determine the energy required by the drilling rig to drill a unit volume of rock at different depths for each peripheral borehole location. Then, plot the spatial coordinates of each peripheral borehole location and its corresponding drilling specific energy as shown in the diagram. Figure 3 The two-dimensional strength diagram of the surrounding boreholes shown can reflect the rock strength at specific locations of each surrounding borehole, but the continuity is poor and it cannot reflect the rock strength at all points of the surrounding rock. A three-dimensional strength cloud map of the surrounding rock was drawn, and the spatial coordinates of each surrounding borehole position were continuously reconstructed using a triangulation algorithm. The drilling specific energy intensity of each surrounding borehole position at different depths was continuously processed using an interpolation method. The final three-dimensional strength cloud map of the tunnel surrounding rock was drawn to guide the next step of blasting and drilling operations.

[0021] In actual construction, such as Figure 2 As shown, first determine the drilling locations of the peripheral holes that need to be drilled and blasted, and number each peripheral hole location; record the parameters of the cyclic advanced geological drilling rig and multi-arm rock drilling rig when drilling the holes: blast hole diameter D, drilling speed N, drilling torque T, drilling rate V, thrust F, and drilling depth.

[0022] like Figure 3 The two-dimensional intensity diagram of the peripheral holes shown has the hole number on the horizontal axis and the drilling depth on the vertical axis. Different colors represent different drilling specific energy.

[0023] like Figure 5 The three-dimensional strength cloud map of the surrounding rock shown can reflect the drilling specific energy of each point of the surrounding rock at different depths compared with the two-dimensional strength map of the surrounding borehole. It has continuity and helps to guide subsequent blasting and drilling operations.

[0024] In some embodiments, the above-described calculation of drilling specific energy has been optimized. In this embodiment, the method for calculating drilling specific energy, i.e., the energy required by a unit volume rock drilling rig, includes: In the formula: E is the drilling specific energy; D is the diameter of the blast hole; N is the drilling speed; T is the drilling torque; V is the drilling rate; and F is the thrust.

[0025] Drilling specific energy reflects the work done by the drill bit on the rock mass during drilling, and thus can indirectly indicate the strength of the drilled rock. The harder and more intact the rock mass, the higher the drilling specific energy; conversely, the softer and more broken the rock mass, the lower the drilling specific energy.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the above triangulation algorithm has been optimized. In this embodiment, the triangulation algorithm includes calculation using the Delaunay triangulation algorithm.

[0027] In fact, based on the characteristics of Delaunay triangulation: Delaunay triangulation tends to connect the nearest neighbor points. For any triangle in the figure, its circumcircle does not contain any other points. Therefore, the Delaunay triangulation algorithm can effectively reconstruct the spatial coordinates of the surrounding holes in a continuous manner.

[0028] like Figure 4 The Delaunay triangulation diagram shown has the hole number of each peripheral hole on the horizontal axis and the drilling depth on the vertical axis. Each vertex of the triangle represents the spatial coordinates of discrete points of each peripheral hole at different depths. Delaunay triangulation of the spatial coordinates of discrete points of each peripheral hole at different depths can not only reconstruct the continuous spatial coordinates of discrete points of each peripheral hole, but also help to use interpolation to continuously process the drilling specific energy intensity of each peripheral hole at different depths.

[0029] In some embodiments, the above interpolation method has been optimized. In this embodiment, the interpolation method includes: calculating the drilling specific energy of each internal point of the triangle in the Delaunay triangulation diagram. The drilling specific energy of the internal point of the triangle is obtained by calculating the weighted average of the drilling specific energy of each vertex of the triangle. Further, the weighting coefficient of the weighted average is determined by the distance from the internal point of the triangle to each vertex of the triangle.

[0030] In fact, the drilling specific energy of each point inside the triangle in the Delaunay triangulation diagram is calculated by interpolation method, which is used to approximate the continuous drilling specific energy of the surrounding rock at different depths. Its essence is to calculate the continuous drilling specific energy of the surrounding rock at different depths by using the drilling specific energy of discrete points of each peripheral hole at different depths.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the above-mentioned three-dimensional strength cloud map of the surrounding rock has been optimized. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional coordinates of the three-dimensional strength cloud map of the surrounding rock represent the spatial position of the surrounding holes, and the colors represent different drilling specific energies. The three-dimensional strength cloud map of the surrounding rock is used to indirectly reflect the strength of the surrounding rock during blasting drilling.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, the longer the wavelength of a color, the greater the drilling energy, and the shorter the wavelength of a color, the smaller the drilling energy.

[0033] A tunnel excavation construction method, specifically, the construction method is based on the drill-and-blast method for tunnel excavation, and simultaneously uses any of the aforementioned three-dimensional rock strength cloud maps for construction guidance, including: adjusting the blasting parameters according to different colors of the three-dimensional rock strength cloud map; the higher the drilling specific energy corresponding to the color in the three-dimensional rock strength cloud map, the greater the blasting energy required for the surrounding rock, and the higher the blasting parameters; the lower the drilling specific energy corresponding to the color in the three-dimensional rock strength cloud map, the lower the blasting energy required for the surrounding rock, and the lower the blasting parameters.

[0034] Furthermore, a prediction model for the relationship between drilling energy specificity and surrounding rock strength is established: point load strength tests are conducted on rock masses of different lithologies at the tunnel entrance or in sections without shotcrete inside the tunnel. Simultaneously, detailed drilling-while-drilling measurements are performed in the point load strength test area. The point load strength test data and drilling energy specificity parameters are statistically analyzed to establish a prediction model for the relationship between drilling energy specificity and point load strength. The point load test parameters are converted into surrounding rock strength using existing standard formulas to establish a prediction model for the relationship between drilling energy specificity and surrounding rock strength.

[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of drawing a three-dimensional strength cloud of surrounding rock, characterized by, The application relates to a construction method for a tunnel, and relates to a tunnel construction method based on the drill-and-blast method. The application comprises the following steps: Collecting drilling data, collecting drilling measurement system data generated when drilling in each peripheral hole; Calculating drilling specific energy, calculating the energy required by a drilling machine for drilling unit volume of rock at different depths of each peripheral hole according to the drilling data; Drawing a three-dimensional strength cloud chart of surrounding rock, continuously reconstructing the spatial coordinates of each peripheral hole by using a triangulation algorithm; and continuously processing the drilling specific energy strength of each peripheral hole at different depths by using an interpolation method; 2. The method for drawing a three-dimensional intensity cloud map of surrounding rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Drawing a final three-dimensional strength cloud chart of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, which is used for guiding the next blasting and drilling operation.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional strength envelope is plotted by: The drilling measurement system data comprises a blast hole diameter D, a drilling rotation speed N, a drilling torque T, a drilling speed V, a thrust F, a drilling depth, a drilling position and a hole number. where: E is specific energy of penetration; D is borehole diameter; N is penetration rate; T is penetration torque; V is penetration rate; and F is thrust force.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional strength envelope is plotted by: The calculation method of the drilling specific energy, i.e. the energy required by a drilling machine for drilling unit volume of rock, comprises the following steps:

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional strength envelope is plotted by: The triangulation algorithm comprises the following steps: calculating by using a Delaunay triangulation algorithm.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the three-dimensional strength envelope is plotted by: The interpolation method comprises the following steps: calculating the drilling specific energy of each triangular internal point in the Delaunay triangulation diagram, and the drilling specific energy of the triangular internal point is obtained by calculating the weighted average value of the drilling specific energy of each vertex of the triangle.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional strength envelope is plotted by: The weighted coefficients of the weighted average value are determined by the distances from the triangular internal point to each vertex of the triangle.

8. A method of tunneling construction, characterized in that, The three-dimensional coordinates of the three-dimensional strength cloud chart of the surrounding rock represent the spatial positions of the peripheral holes, and the colors represent different drilling specific energies; the three-dimensional strength cloud chart of the surrounding rock is used to indirectly reflect the strength of the surrounding rock during blasting and drilling.

9. A tunneling method as defined in claim 8, wherein, The construction method based on the drill-and-blast method comprises the following steps: adjusting the blasting parameters of the construction according to the different colors of the three-dimensional strength cloud chart of the surrounding rock, the greater the drilling specific energy corresponding to the color in the three-dimensional strength cloud chart of the surrounding rock, the greater the blasting energy required by the surrounding rock, and the higher the blasting parameters of the construction; the smaller the drilling specific energy corresponding to the color in the three-dimensional strength cloud chart of the surrounding rock, the smaller the blasting energy required by the surrounding rock, and the lower the blasting parameters of the construction. The application further comprises the following steps: establishing a drilling specific energy-surrounding rock strength prediction model, performing a point load strength test on the surrounding rock, statistically analyzing the point load strength test data and the drilling specific energy parameters, and establishing a drilling specific energy-point load strength prediction model; converting the point load test parameters into the strength of the surrounding rock by using existing specification formulas, and establishing a drilling specific energy-surrounding rock strength prediction model.

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