Integrated oxyhydrogen energy storage and supply system

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrated oxyhydrogen energy storage and supply system, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy. The system comprises an electrolytic hydrogen production unit used for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen and oxygen; the hydrogen management subsystem and the oxygen management subsystem are respectively connected with a hydrogen outlet and an oxygen outlet of the electrolytic cell and are used for purifying and storing the generated hydrogen and oxygen; a hydrogen inlet and an oxygen inlet of the fuel cell power generation unit are connected with the supply ends of the two subsystems respectively, and the fuel cell power generation unit is used for consuming the stored hydrogen and oxygen for power generation; electric energy generated by the fuel cell can be fed back to the electrolytic hydrogen production unit; and the current conversion device is connected between the power output end of the fuel cell power generation unit and the power supply input end of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit. By constructing an independent hydrogen and oxygen storage and supply structure, the system gets rid of dependence on external air, energy allocation is achieved through internal electric energy feedback, and the system is suitable for stable energy supply in special environments such as plateau, high altitude and long-distance transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrogen energy technology, specifically relating to an integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development and improvement of the hydrogen energy industry chain, the application scope of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells is expanding, customer demand is constantly increasing, and application scenarios are gradually covering multiple fields such as transportation, stationary power supply, portable power supply, industry, military, and aerospace. Hydrogen and oxygen are the fuel sources for fuel cells. As the application scenarios of fuel cells increase, there are also certain requirements for the supply methods of hydrogen and oxygen. Traditional hydrogen cylinders and air supply methods can no longer fully cover different usage scenarios. For example, long-distance transportation, large-scale industry, and aerospace require hydrogen supply methods with higher energy density; in usage scenarios with thin air, such as high altitudes and high altitudes, air compressors alone cannot provide enough oxygen supply to fuel cells. Therefore, there is a need for an integrated energy supply system that can operate independently of the external air environment, generate high-purity hydrogen and oxygen, and store them in different ways to meet the usage needs of various scenarios, thereby realizing the internal scheduling and circulation of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this invention provides an integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0004] This invention provides an integrated hydrogen and oxygen energy storage and supply system, comprising: an electrolytic hydrogen production unit, including an electrolyzer for electrolyzing deionized water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the electrolyzer is provided with a deionized water inlet, a hydrogen outlet, and an oxygen outlet; a hydrogen management subsystem, the inlet of which is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer, and the outlet forming a hydrogen supply end; the hydrogen management subsystem including a first purification and storage module for purifying and storing the electrolyzed hydrogen; and an oxygen management subsystem, the inlet of which is connected to the oxygen outlet of the electrolyzer, and the outlet forming an oxygen supply end; the oxygen management subsystem including a module for purifying and storing the oxygen. A second purification and storage module for purification and storage; a fuel cell power generation unit, which is respectively provided with a hydrogen inlet, an oxygen inlet and a power output terminal, wherein the hydrogen inlet is connected to the hydrogen supply terminal and the oxygen inlet is connected to the oxygen supply terminal, for consuming hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity and outputting it to an external load through the power output terminal; a current conversion device, which is respectively connected to the external power supply system and the power input terminal of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit; the current conversion device is used to convert AC mains power to DC power, and the electrical energy generated by the fuel cell power generation unit is at least partially fed back to the electrolysis hydrogen production unit.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, the integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system further includes a water circulation subsystem, which includes a deionized water storage tank, at least one water pump and a heat exchanger connected in sequence, and the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the deionized water inlet of the electrolytic cell.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first purification and storage module includes a first gas-water separator, a pressure buffer tank and a hydrogen storage tank arranged sequentially along the hydrogen gas flow direction; wherein, the pressure buffer tank is provided with a pressure regulating valve for regulating the internal gas pressure.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, a hydrophobic device for separating liquid water carried in hydrogen is further provided between the first gas-water separator and the pressure buffer tank.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, a deoxygenation device and a drying device are sequentially provided between the pressure buffer tank and the hydrogen storage tank along the hydrogen flow direction.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen inlet is also connected to an external air supply end for blowing air in by a blower to supplement the oxygen supply; the second purification and storage module includes a second gas-water separator and an oxygen storage tank along the oxygen flow direction.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the water circulation subsystem is connected to the oxygen management subsystem via a pipeline, and the second steam-water separator is disposed on the connecting pipeline between the water circulation subsystem and the oxygen management subsystem.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen storage tank is any one of a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder, a cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank, a solid hydrogen storage tank, or an organic liquid hydrogen storage tank; and / or, the oxygen storage tank is any one of a high-pressure oxygen cylinder, a cryogenic liquid oxygen storage tank, or a solid oxygen storage device.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system further includes a system control module, which is communicatively connected to the current conversion device, the electrolysis hydrogen production unit and the fuel cell power generation unit, respectively, and is used to schedule the start-up and shutdown of electrolysis hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation and power distribution according to load demand and energy storage status.

[0013] In one embodiment of the invention, the power output terminal is configured to supply power to the power receiving system of a drone, a high-altitude backup power supply, a transport vehicle, or a ship.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] The integrated hydrogen and oxygen energy storage and supply system of the present invention includes an electrolytic hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen management subsystem, an oxygen management subsystem, a fuel cell power generation unit, and a current conversion device. The electrolytic hydrogen production unit includes an electrolyzer for electrolyzing deionized water to simultaneously produce hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen management subsystem and the oxygen management subsystem are respectively connected to the hydrogen outlet and oxygen outlet of the electrolyzer, and each includes a purification and storage module for dehumidifying, purifying, and storing the generated gases, forming independent hydrogen and oxygen supply terminals. The hydrogen inlet and oxygen inlet of the fuel cell power generation unit are respectively connected to these two supply terminals for consuming the stored pure hydrogen and pure oxygen to generate electricity. The current conversion device is connected between the power output terminal of the fuel cell power generation unit and the power input terminal of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit. With this structure, when there is mains power or renewable energy power available, the mains power is converted into direct current by the current conversion device to drive the electrolytic hydrogen production unit. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are purified and stored after being managed by their respective subsystems, completing the storage process from electrical energy to hydrogen energy. When external power is needed, the stored hydrogen and oxygen are transported to the fuel cell power generation unit to perform an electrochemical reaction to generate electricity, and the electrical energy is output to the load, completing the process of releasing chemical energy into electrical energy.

[0016] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of an integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of the integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1-Electrolysis hydrogen production unit; 2-Hydrogen management subsystem; 21-First vapor-water separator; 22-Pressure buffer tank; 23-Hydrogen storage tank; 24-Drainage condenser; 25-Deoxygenation device; 26-Drying device; 3-Oxygen management subsystem; 31-Second vapor-water separator; 32-Oxygen storage tank; 4-Fuel cell power generation unit; 5-Current conversion device; 6-Water circulation subsystem; 61-Deionized water storage tank; 62-Water pump; 63-Heat exchanger. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of an integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system based on the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Through the description of the specific embodiments, a more in-depth and concrete understanding can be gained of the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose. However, the accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of an integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of the integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0024] In this embodiment, the integrated hydrogen and oxygen energy storage and supply system includes: an electrolytic hydrogen production unit 1, a hydrogen management subsystem 2, an oxygen management subsystem 3, a fuel cell power generation unit 4, a current conversion device 5, and a water circulation subsystem 6.

[0025] Specifically, the electrolysis hydrogen production unit 1 includes an electrolyzer for electrolyzing deionized water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and is equipped with a deionized water inlet, a hydrogen outlet, and an oxygen outlet. The inlet of the hydrogen management subsystem 2 is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer, forming a hydrogen supply end. The hydrogen management subsystem 2 includes a first purification and storage module for purifying and storing the hydrogen produced by electrolysis. The inlet of the oxygen management subsystem 3 is connected to the oxygen outlet of the electrolyzer, forming an oxygen supply end. The oxygen management subsystem 3 includes a second purification and storage module for purifying and storing oxygen. The fuel cell power generation unit 4 can be a fuel cell stack, which is equipped with a hydrogen inlet, an oxygen inlet, and a power output end. The hydrogen inlet is connected to the hydrogen supply end, and the oxygen inlet is connected to the oxygen supply end. It is used to consume hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity and output the electricity to the external load through the power output end. The oxygen inlet is also connected to the external gas supply end, which is used to blow air in through the blower to supplement the oxygen supply. The current conversion device 5 is connected to the power input end of the external power supply system and the electrolysis hydrogen production unit 1 respectively. The current conversion device 5 is used to convert the AC power of the mains to DC power to supply the electrolysis hydrogen production unit 1. The water circulation subsystem 6 includes a deionized water storage tank 61, at least one water pump 62 and a heat exchanger 63 connected in sequence. The outlet of the heat exchanger 63 is connected to the deionized water inlet of the electrolyzer, which is used to provide deionized water to the electrolysis hydrogen production unit 1.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the first purification and storage module includes a first gas-water separator 21, a pressure buffer tank 22, and a hydrogen storage tank 23 arranged sequentially along the hydrogen gas flow direction; wherein, the pressure buffer tank 22 is provided with a pressure regulating valve for regulating the internal gas pressure.

[0027] For example, a condensate trap 24 for separating liquid water carried in hydrogen is provided between the first gas-water separator 21 and the pressure buffer tank 22. Furthermore, a deoxygenation device 25 and a drying device 26 are provided sequentially between the pressure buffer tank 22 and the hydrogen storage tank 23 along the direction of hydrogen flow.

[0028] The principle is that the hydrogen generated by the electrolytic cell reaction is transported to the first steam-water separator 21 through the pipeline. The liquid water carried in the hydrogen is initially separated in the first steam-water separator 21. The separated liquid water can be returned to the water circulation subsystem 6 to realize the recycling of water resources and reduce water loss. The output hydrogen then enters the condensate trap 24 for further processing.

[0029] In the hydrogen purification process, the hydrophobic device 24 is used to deeply dehydrate the hydrogen after preliminary separation, further removing the entrained liquid water droplets; the deoxygenation device 25 is used to remove trace oxygen impurities mixed into the hydrogen due to permeation of the electrolyzer membrane through chemical or physical adsorption; and the drying device 26 is used to deeply dry the hydrogen, lowering its dew point, so that the hydrogen purity meets the high standard requirements for use in fuel cells, thereby ensuring the purity and dryness of the hydrogen stored and supplied to the fuel cell stack.

[0030] Thus, the hydrophobic condensate 24 further separates the liquid water from the hydrogen, ensuring that the hydrogen enters the pressure buffer tank 22 in a dry state. Since the amount of hydrogen generated fluctuates with current and voltage, the design of the pressure buffer tank 22 can stabilize the hydrogen pressure, temporarily store or release hydrogen, and stabilize the hydrogen flow rate. The hydrogen flowing out of the pressure buffer tank 22 enters the deoxygenation device 25 (such as a deoxygenator), which removes the oxygen carried by the membrane permeate in the electrolyzer through chemical reaction or physical adsorption. Subsequently, the hydrogen enters the drying device 26 (such as a dryer), which can control the hydrogen dew point at an extremely low level, so that the purity of the hydrogen meets the standards required for use. Finally, the hydrogen flowing out of the drying device 26 enters the hydrogen storage tank 23 for later use.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the second purification and storage module includes a second vapor-water separator 31 and an oxygen storage tank 32 along the oxygen flow direction. The water circulation subsystem 6 is connected to the oxygen management subsystem 32 via a pipeline, and the second vapor-water separator 31 is disposed on the connecting pipeline between the water circulation subsystem 6 and the oxygen management subsystem 32.

[0032] Optionally, the hydrogen storage tank 23 is any one of a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder, a cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank, a solid hydrogen storage tank, or an organic liquid hydrogen storage tank; and / or, the oxygen storage tank 32 is any one of a high-pressure oxygen cylinder, a cryogenic liquid oxygen storage tank, or a solid oxygen storage device.

[0033] In an optional implementation, the integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system further includes a system control module, which is communicatively connected to the current conversion device 5, the electrolysis hydrogen production unit 1, and the fuel cell power generation unit 4, respectively, and is used to schedule the start-up and shutdown of electrolysis hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation and power distribution according to load demand and energy storage status.

[0034] Optionally, the power output can be configured to supply power to the power receiving systems of drones, high-altitude backup power supplies, transport vehicles, or ships.

[0035] It is worth noting that the integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system of the present invention, by constructing a subsystem for the independent storage and supply of hydrogen and oxygen, enables fuel cell power generation to break free from dependence on air and ensures stable operation in thin-air environments. Simultaneously, through the current conversion device 5, the system achieves internal energy scheduling and circulation, significantly improving energy recycling efficiency and the overall operational adaptability of the system.

[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this invention, the specific implementation principle of this invention will be further explained below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0037] The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system provided by this invention mainly includes an energy storage mode and an energy supply mode. For example, in a wind-solar hybrid microgrid, this system can serve as a core energy storage and supply unit. When wind and solar power generation is sufficient and the load is low, the system is in energy storage mode, converting surplus electricity into hydrogen and oxygen for storage. When wind and solar power generation is insufficient or at night, the system switches to energy supply mode, using the stored hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. When the load demand is extremely low, but the fuel cell is still outputting a certain power due to its efficiency characteristics, the generated surplus electricity can be fed back to the electrolysis hydrogen production unit 1 to produce a small amount of hydrogen and oxygen to replenish the gas inventory. Controlled real-time cycling reduces idle energy losses during conversion and storage, improving energy utilization.

[0038] In energy storage mode, electricity from the external power grid or primary energy sources such as solar photovoltaic is converted into suitable direct current by the current conversion device 5 and supplied to the electrolyzer in the hydrogen electrolysis unit 1. Deionized water enters the electrolyzer after passing through the water circulation subsystem 6; the hydrogen produced by electrolysis enters the hydrogen management subsystem 2, and flows sequentially through the first gas-water separator 21, the condensate trap 24, the pressure buffer tank 22, the deoxygenation device 25, and the drying device 26 in the first purification and storage module, and is finally stored in the hydrogen storage tank 23. At the same time, the generated oxygen enters the oxygen management subsystem 3, flows through the second gas-water separator 31 for preliminary gas-water separation and recovery, and the separated water can be returned to the water circulation subsystem 6, and after passing through a dryer (if applicable), is stored in the oxygen storage tank 32. At this time, the system control module can monitor the status of each unit and schedule the start-up, shutdown, and power distribution of hydrogen electrolysis and fuel cell power generation according to load demand and energy storage status.

[0039] In power supply mode, the system control module starts the fuel cell power generation unit 4 according to load demand. High-purity gases stored in hydrogen storage tank 23 and oxygen storage tank 32 are transported to the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack through pipelines, respectively, where an electrochemical reaction occurs to generate direct current. After voltage stabilization and other processing, the electricity is supplied from the power output terminal to external loads such as drones and high-altitude communication base stations. Alternatively, oxygen can be partially supplied by using external air driven by a blower.

[0040] The integrated hydrogen and oxygen energy storage and supply system of the present invention includes an electrolytic hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen management subsystem, an oxygen management subsystem, a fuel cell power generation unit, and a current conversion device. The electrolytic hydrogen production unit includes an electrolyzer for electrolyzing deionized water to simultaneously produce hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen management subsystem and the oxygen management subsystem are respectively connected to the hydrogen outlet and oxygen outlet of the electrolyzer, and each includes a purification and storage module for dehumidifying, purifying, and storing the generated gases, forming independent hydrogen and oxygen supply terminals. The hydrogen inlet and oxygen inlet of the fuel cell power generation unit are respectively connected to these two supply terminals for consuming the stored pure hydrogen and pure oxygen to generate electricity. The current conversion device is connected between the power output terminal of the fuel cell power generation unit and the power input terminal of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit. With this structure, when there is mains power or renewable energy power available, the mains power is converted into direct current by the current conversion device to drive the electrolytic hydrogen production unit. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are purified and stored after being managed by their respective subsystems, completing the storage process from electrical energy to hydrogen energy. When external power is needed, the stored hydrogen and oxygen are transported to the fuel cell power generation unit for electrochemical reaction to generate electricity, which is then output to the load, completing the process of releasing chemical energy into electrical energy. When the fuel cell has surplus power, it can reverse the flow and send this surplus electrical energy back to the hydrogen electrolysis unit to produce new hydrogen and oxygen on the spot, thereby realizing energy scheduling and circulation within the system.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device comprising said element. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0042] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system, characterized in that, include: An electrolytic hydrogen production unit includes an electrolytic cell for electrolyzing deionized water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and is provided with a deionized water inlet, a hydrogen outlet and an oxygen outlet respectively. The hydrogen management subsystem has an inlet connected to the hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer, and the outlet forms a hydrogen supply end; the hydrogen management subsystem includes a first purification and storage module for purifying and storing the hydrogen produced by electrolysis. An oxygen management subsystem has an inlet connected to the oxygen outlet of the electrolyzer, and the outlet forms an oxygen supply end; the oxygen management subsystem includes a second purification and storage module for purifying and storing oxygen; A fuel cell power generation unit is provided with a hydrogen inlet, an oxygen inlet and a power output terminal. The hydrogen inlet is connected to the hydrogen supply terminal and the oxygen inlet is connected to the oxygen supply terminal. It is used to generate electricity by consuming hydrogen and oxygen and output the electricity to an external load through the power output terminal. The current conversion device is connected to the external power supply system and the power input terminal of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit, respectively. The current conversion device is used to convert AC mains power into DC power, and the electrical energy generated by the fuel cell power generation unit is at least partially fed back to the electrolysis hydrogen production unit.

2. The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a water circulation subsystem, which comprises a deionized water storage tank, at least one water pump, and a heat exchanger connected in sequence, with the outlet of the heat exchanger connected to the deionized water inlet of the electrolytic cell.

3. The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first purification and storage module includes a first gas-water separator, a pressure buffer tank, and a hydrogen storage tank arranged sequentially along the hydrogen gas flow direction; wherein, the pressure buffer tank is equipped with a pressure regulating valve for regulating the internal gas pressure.

4. The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A hydrophobic device for separating liquid water carried in hydrogen is also provided between the first gas-water separator and the pressure buffer tank.

5. The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Between the pressure buffer tank and the hydrogen storage tank, a deoxygenation device and a drying device are sequentially provided along the direction of hydrogen flow.

6. The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second purification and storage module includes a second gas-water separator and an oxygen storage tank along the oxygen flow direction; and the oxygen inlet is also connected to an external air supply end for supplementing the oxygen supply by blowing air in through a blower.

7. The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water circulation subsystem is connected to the oxygen management subsystem via a pipeline, and the second steam-water separator is installed on the connecting pipeline between the water circulation subsystem and the oxygen management subsystem.

8. The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage tank is any one of a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder, a cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank, a solid hydrogen storage tank, or an organic liquid hydrogen storage tank; and / or, the oxygen storage tank is any one of a high-pressure oxygen cylinder, a cryogenic liquid oxygen storage tank, or a solid oxygen storage device.

9. The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a system control module, which is communicatively connected to the current conversion device, the electrolysis hydrogen production unit and the fuel cell power generation unit, respectively, and is used to schedule the start-up and shutdown of electrolysis hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation and power distribution according to load demand and energy storage status.

10. The integrated hydrogen-oxygen energy storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power output terminal is configured to supply power to the power receiving systems of drones, high-altitude backup power supplies, transport vehicles, or ships.

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