Thermal runaway test method, device and equipment of battery, medium and program product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery safety testing, in particular to a battery thermal runaway testing method, device and equipment, a medium and a program product, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining battery state parameters of a to-be-tested battery, and determining heating parameters of corresponding electromagnetic induction equipment; generating an expected temperature rise rate according to the heating parameters and the battery state parameters, and detecting an actual temperature rise rate of the to-be-detected battery at the current moment; and calculating an adjustment value of the heating parameter according to a difference value between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate, and heating the to-be-tested battery until the to-be-tested battery meets a certain thermal runaway condition, thereby obtaining a thermal runaway test result. Therefore, the problems that in the prior art, needling can damage the structure of the battery and repeatability is poor; extra energy needs to be input during overcharging, and a real thermal runaway scene cannot be reflected; the problems that in the prior art, external heating efficiency is low, heat distribution uniformity is poor, accurate control and uniform heating of the interior of the battery are difficult to achieve, and universality is not achieved are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery safety testing technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and procedure for testing the thermal runaway of a battery. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, three main methods are used to trigger thermal runaway: needle penetration, overcharging, and external heating. Needle penetration and overcharging are commonly used methods to trigger thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries, and they can trigger thermal runaway in a relatively short time. For example, a steel needle piercing the battery forcibly causes an internal short circuit, resulting in a sudden increase in local current and violent heat release. This, combined with the thermal runaway chain reaction, accelerates the process to achieve thermal runaway. When the voltage exceeds the safety limit, the electrolyte decomposes and produces gas, lithium plating at the negative electrode forms dendrites that pierce the separator, and the positive electrode lattice collapses, releasing oxygen and exacerbating the heat generated by side reactions, ultimately leading to thermal runaway. Heating is another method to trigger battery thermal runaway. Heating pads can be used to heat the outer surface of the battery; internal heating elements can be built in to improve heating efficiency; and heating elements between the electrodes can be designed to heat the test battery.

[0003] However, among the related technologies, needle puncture can damage the battery structure and has poor repeatability; overcharging requires additional energy input and cannot reflect real thermal runaway scenarios; external heating has low efficiency and poor heat distribution uniformity, making it difficult to achieve precise control and uniform heating inside the battery, and it lacks universality and urgently needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, device, medium, and program product for testing the thermal runaway of batteries, in order to solve the problems in related technologies, such as: needle puncture damaging the battery structure and poor repeatability; overcharging requiring additional energy input and failing to reflect real thermal runaway scenarios; low efficiency of external heating and poor heat distribution uniformity, making it difficult to achieve precise control and uniform heating of the battery interior, and lacking universality.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a method for testing the thermal runaway of a battery, comprising the following steps: acquiring at least one battery state parameter of the battery under test, and determining at least one heating parameter of an electromagnetic induction device for heating the battery under test based on the at least one battery state parameter; generating an expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test according to the at least one heating parameter and the at least one battery state parameter, and detecting the actual temperature rise rate of the battery under test at the current moment; calculating an adjustment value of the at least one heating parameter based on the difference between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate, and heating the battery under test according to the adjusted at least one heating parameter until the battery under test meets a preset thermal runaway condition, so as to obtain the thermal runaway test result of the battery under test.

[0006] The above technical solution allows for the determination of heating parameters for the corresponding electromagnetic induction device based on the battery state parameters of the battery under test. This generates the desired temperature rise rate of the battery under test, and the adjustment value of the heating parameters is calculated based on the difference between the desired and actual temperature rise rates. The battery under test is then heated until certain thermal runaway conditions are met, resulting in thermal runaway test results. Dynamic parameter matching accurately simulates real-world abuse scenarios, improving test reliability and making test results closer to actual thermal runaway boundaries. Real-time feedback correction forms a closed-loop control, enhancing test efficiency and safety. Precise parameter adjustment reduces the number of invalid tests, lowers sample and equipment wear, supports diverse testing needs, and is highly adaptable, achieving multi-scenario coverage.

[0007] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, generating the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test based on the at least one heating parameter and the at least one battery state parameter includes: inputting the at least one heating parameter and the at least one battery state parameter into a pre-trained battery temperature rise model to output the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test, wherein the battery temperature rise model is trained from battery state training data and heating training data of an electromagnetic induction device.

[0008] The above technical solution allows heating parameters and battery state parameters to be input into a pre-trained battery temperature rise model, thereby obtaining the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test. The battery temperature rise model can be trained using battery state training data and heating training data from an electromagnetic induction device, accurately modeling the battery's thermal response characteristics, eliminating errors from empirical formulas, providing real-time feedback correction, and realizing intelligent testing. The model training data can be accumulated into an industry knowledge base, supporting rapid testing of new battery types, reducing testing costs, and enhancing the value of data reuse.

[0009] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the expression for the battery temperature rise model may be, but is not limited to, the following: , in, Indicates the expected rate of temperature rise of the battery; Indicates the operating frequency of the electromagnetic induction device; This represents the current in an electromagnetic induction coil; Indicates the resistivity of the battery; This indicates the battery's equivalent specific heat capacity; It represents the electromagnetic induction constant.

[0010] The above technical solution directly links electromagnetic heating parameters with battery material properties, thereby constructing a battery temperature rise model with a clear physical mechanism, improving model reliability, measurable parameters, support for engineering applications, accurate dynamic response, and adaptability to real-time control requirements.

[0011] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, calculating the adjustment value of the at least one heating parameter based on the difference between the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate includes: determining a target adjustment parameter for the at least one heating parameter based on the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate; and calculating the adjustment value of the target adjustment parameter based on the difference.

[0012] The above technical solution allows for parameter adjustment based on the target determined by the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate. The corresponding adjustment value is calculated based on the difference, enabling layered control to improve adjustment accuracy, avoid parameter coupling interference, significantly shorten calculation time, improve control efficiency, and meet real-time control requirements.

[0013] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, after heating the battery under test, the method further includes: collecting thermal runaway parameters of the battery under test; and identifying the actual state of the battery under test based on the thermal runaway parameters.

[0014] The above technical solution enables the collection of thermal runaway parameters of the battery under test after heating, thereby identifying the actual state of the battery. Multi-parameter fusion identification improves the robustness of state judgment, accurately quantifies thermal runaway characteristics, avoids misjudgment, provides millisecond-level response, suppresses the spread of thermal runaway, and ensures personal and equipment safety.

[0015] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the step of calculating the adjustment value of the at least one heating parameter based on the difference between the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate includes: determining whether the difference is greater than a preset threshold; if the difference is greater than the preset threshold, calculating the adjustment value based on the difference; if the difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, determining the adjustment value as a target value.

[0016] The above technical solution can determine whether the difference is greater than a certain threshold. If it is, the adjustment value is calculated based on the difference. Otherwise, the adjustment value is determined to be the target value. This avoids frequent adjustments caused by small deviations, suppresses system oscillations, improves control stability, is compatible with dynamic operating conditions and multiple heating strategies, and reduces dependence on computing resources.

[0017] A second aspect of this application provides a thermal runaway testing device for a battery, comprising: an acquisition module, configured to acquire at least one battery state parameter of a battery under test, and determine at least one heating parameter of an electromagnetic induction device for heating the battery under test based on the at least one battery state parameter; a generation module, configured to generate a desired temperature rise rate of the battery under test based on the at least one heating parameter and the at least one battery state parameter, and detect the actual temperature rise rate of the battery under test at the current moment; and a heating module, configured to calculate an adjustment value of the at least one heating parameter based on the difference between the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate, and heat the battery under test according to the adjusted at least one heating parameter until the battery under test meets a preset thermal runaway condition, so as to obtain the thermal runaway test result of the battery under test.

[0018] The above technical solution allows for the determination of heating parameters for the corresponding electromagnetic induction device based on the battery state parameters of the battery under test. This generates the desired temperature rise rate of the battery under test, and the adjustment value of the heating parameters is calculated based on the difference between the desired and actual temperature rise rates. The battery under test is then heated until certain thermal runaway conditions are met, resulting in thermal runaway test results. Dynamic parameter matching accurately simulates real-world abuse scenarios, improving test reliability and making test results closer to actual thermal runaway boundaries. Real-time feedback correction forms a closed-loop control, enhancing test efficiency and safety. Precise parameter adjustment reduces the number of invalid tests, lowers sample and equipment wear, supports diverse testing needs, and is highly adaptable, achieving multi-scenario coverage.

[0019] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the generation module includes: an output unit, configured to input the at least one heating parameter and the at least one battery state parameter into a pre-trained battery temperature rise model to output the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test, wherein the battery temperature rise model is trained from battery state training data and heating training data from an electromagnetic induction device.

[0020] The above technical solution allows heating parameters and battery state parameters to be input into a pre-trained battery temperature rise model, thereby obtaining the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test. The battery temperature rise model can be trained using battery state training data and heating training data from an electromagnetic induction device, accurately modeling the battery's thermal response characteristics, eliminating errors from empirical formulas, providing real-time feedback correction, and realizing intelligent testing. The model training data can be accumulated into an industry knowledge base, supporting rapid testing of new battery types, reducing testing costs, and enhancing the value of data reuse.

[0021] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the expression for the battery temperature rise model may be, but is not limited to, the following: , in, Indicates the expected rate of temperature rise of the battery; Indicates the operating frequency of the electromagnetic induction device; This represents the current in an electromagnetic induction coil; Indicates the resistivity of the battery; This indicates the battery's equivalent specific heat capacity; It represents the electromagnetic induction constant.

[0022] The above technical solution directly links electromagnetic heating parameters with battery material properties, thereby constructing a battery temperature rise model with a clear physical mechanism, improving model reliability, measurable parameters, support for engineering applications, accurate dynamic response, and adaptability to real-time control requirements.

[0023] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the heating module includes: a first determining unit, configured to determine a target adjustment parameter for the at least one heating parameter based on the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate; and a first calculating unit, configured to calculate an adjustment value for the target adjustment parameter based on the difference.

[0024] The above technical solution allows for parameter adjustment based on the target determined by the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate. The corresponding adjustment value is calculated based on the difference, enabling layered control to improve adjustment accuracy, avoid parameter coupling interference, significantly shorten calculation time, improve control efficiency, and meet real-time control requirements.

[0025] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, it further includes: a data acquisition module, used to acquire thermal runaway parameters of the battery under test after heating the battery under test; and an identification module, used to identify the actual state of the battery under test based on the thermal runaway parameters.

[0026] The above technical solution enables the collection of thermal runaway parameters of the battery under test after heating, thereby identifying the actual state of the battery. Multi-parameter fusion identification improves the robustness of state judgment, accurately quantifies thermal runaway characteristics, avoids misjudgment, provides millisecond-level response, suppresses the spread of thermal runaway, and ensures personal and equipment safety.

[0027] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the heating module includes: a judging unit, used to judge whether the difference is greater than a preset threshold; a second calculation unit, used to calculate the adjustment value based on the difference if the difference is greater than the preset threshold; and a second determining unit, used to determine the adjustment value as a target value when the difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold.

[0028] The above technical solution can determine whether the difference is greater than a certain threshold. If it is, the adjustment value is calculated based on the difference. Otherwise, the adjustment value is determined to be the target value. This avoids frequent adjustments caused by small deviations, suppresses system oscillations, improves control stability, is compatible with dynamic operating conditions and multiple heating strategies, and reduces dependence on computing resources.

[0029] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the thermal runaway test method for a battery as described in the above embodiments.

[0030] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for testing the thermal runaway of a battery.

[0031] A fifth aspect of this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed, implements the above-described method for testing the thermal runaway of a battery.

[0032] This application embodiment can determine the heating parameters of the corresponding electromagnetic induction device based on the battery state parameters of the battery under test, thereby generating the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test. The adjustment value of the heating parameters is calculated based on the difference between the expected and actual temperature rise rates, thus heating the battery under test until certain thermal runaway conditions are met, obtaining the thermal runaway test results. Dynamic parameter matching accurately simulates real-world abuse scenarios, improving test reliability and making the test results closer to the actual thermal runaway boundary. Real-time feedback correction forms a closed-loop control, improving test efficiency and safety. Precise parameter adjustment reduces the number of invalid tests, lowers sample and equipment wear, supports diverse testing needs, and is highly adaptable, achieving multi-scenario coverage. Therefore, it solves the problems in related technologies, such as needle penetration damaging the battery structure and poor repeatability; overcharging requiring additional energy input and failing to reflect real thermal runaway scenarios; low external heating efficiency and poor heat distribution uniformity, making it difficult to achieve precise control and uniform heating of the battery interior, and lacking universality.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an electromagnetic induction experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a battery thermal runaway testing method provided according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature rise curve of a battery electromagnetic induction thermal runaway according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the working principle of a battery thermal runaway testing method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a battery thermal runaway testing device provided according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure label: Among them, 101-heating coil, 102-safety cover, 103-infrared thermal imager, 104-control system, 105-operation unit, 106-adjustable frequency AC power supply, 107-sample stage; 10-battery thermal runaway test device; 100-acquisition module, 200-generation module, 300-heating module; 601-memory, 602-processor, 603-communication interface. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0037] Before introducing the battery thermal runaway test method proposed in the embodiments of this application, we will first explain an electromagnetic induction experimental device involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an electromagnetic induction experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the electromagnetic induction experimental device includes: a heating coil 101, a safety cover 102, an infrared thermal imager 103, a control system 104, an operation unit 105, an adjustable frequency AC power supply 106, and a sample stage 107.

[0040] In this embodiment, the sample stage 107 is fixed and placed at the center of the heating coil 101, and the battery under test, such as a lithium battery, is fixed on the sample stage 107 to ensure a stable relative position between the battery under test and the heating coil 101. A voltage sensor and an infrared thermal imager 103 are installed at key locations on the surface of the battery under test to monitor its voltage and temperature changes in real time. The heating coil 101 is connected to a frequency-adjustable AC power supply 106 with adjustable frequency and current. Through the frequency-adjustable AC power supply 106 and the control system 104, the power supply adjusts its output parameters in real time according to feedback signals.

[0041] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the heating coil 101 may be composed of a multi-turn copper coil; the control system 104 adopts a real-time controller and a data logger; the safety cover 102 adopts a non-metallic adjustable clamp and an electromagnetic shielding chamber design, which can be specifically set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0042] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, outlines a battery thermal runaway testing method, apparatus, device, medium, and program product according to embodiments of this application. Addressing the issues mentioned in the background art, such as needle puncture damaging battery structure and poor repeatability; overcharging requiring additional energy input and failing to reflect real thermal runaway scenarios; and low external heating efficiency and poor heat distribution uniformity, making precise control and uniform heating of the battery's interior difficult and lacking universality, this application provides a battery thermal runaway testing method. In this method, heating parameters for a corresponding electromagnetic induction device are determined based on the battery state parameters of the battery under test, thereby generating the desired temperature rise rate of the battery under test. The adjustment value of the heating parameters is calculated based on the difference between the desired and actual temperature rise rates, thus heating the battery under test until certain thermal runaway conditions are met, obtaining the thermal runaway test result. Dynamic parameter matching accurately simulates real-world abuse scenarios, improving test reliability and making test results closer to the actual thermal runaway boundary. Real-time feedback correction forms a closed-loop control, improving test efficiency and safety. Precise parameter adjustment reduces invalid test times, lowers sample and equipment wear, supports diverse testing needs, is highly adaptable, and achieves multi-scenario coverage. This solves the problems in related technologies, such as the damage to battery structure caused by needle puncture and poor repeatability; the need for additional energy input for overcharging and the inability to reflect real thermal runaway scenarios; the low efficiency of external heating and poor heat distribution uniformity, making it difficult to achieve precise control and uniform heating of the battery interior and lacking universality.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a battery thermal runaway testing method provided according to an embodiment of this application.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the thermal runaway test method for this battery includes the following steps: In step S201, at least one battery state parameter of the battery under test is obtained, and based on the at least one battery state parameter, at least one heating parameter of the electromagnetic induction device for heating the battery under test is determined.

[0045] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the heating parameters may include, but are not limited to, the current and operating frequency of the electromagnetic induction device, etc., and this application does not impose specific limitations; the battery state parameters may include, but are not limited to, the specific heat capacity, resistivity, type, specifications, temperature, voltage and current of the battery, etc., and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0046] Specific heat capacity can be understood as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of battery material by 1°C, and can be used to reflect the battery's heat absorption / release capacity; resistivity can be used to describe the property of a material to impede the flow of current, and is related to temperature and material purity; battery type can include, but is not limited to, lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc., and this application does not impose specific limitations; specifications can include, but are not limited to, the battery's geometric dimensions (such as length, width, and thickness), electrode material type, electrolyte composition, etc., and this application does not impose specific limitations; temperature can characterize the thermodynamic temperature inside or on the surface of the battery, and directly affects the electrochemical reaction rate and material stability; current can describe the charge flow rate during battery charging and discharging; voltage can describe the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, reflecting the battery's remaining energy and internal resistance voltage drop.

[0047] Furthermore, the thermal runaway state in the embodiments of this application can be understood as the phenomenon that, under specific conditions (such as overcharging, over-discharging, short circuit, high temperature, etc.), the heat generated by the internal chemical reaction of the battery exceeds the heat dissipation capacity, causing the temperature to rise uncontrollably, and thus triggering a series of chain reactions.

[0048] In some embodiments, the present application embodiments may first obtain the battery state parameters of the battery under test, such as a lithium-ion battery, in a thermal runaway state, such as the specifications, specific heat capacity and resistivity, temperature, current, voltage, etc. of the lithium-ion battery, and based on the battery state parameters, initialize the heating parameters of the electromagnetic induction device for heating the battery under test, such as current and operating frequency.

[0049] For example, in combination Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the initial operating frequency and current of the electromagnetic induction experimental device can be set according to the specifications, specific heat capacity, resistivity, temperature, current and voltage of the lithium-ion battery under thermal runaway state.

[0050] In step S202, the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test is generated based on at least one heating parameter and at least one battery state parameter, and the actual temperature rise rate of the battery under test at the current moment is detected.

[0051] In some embodiments, the present application embodiments can calculate the desired temperature rise rate of the battery based on heating parameters and battery state parameters, and use it as a control target.

[0052] Furthermore, embodiments of this application can also detect the actual temperature rise rate of the battery under test at the current moment and stabilize the actual temperature rise rate near the desired temperature rise rate.

[0053] For example, in the embodiments of this application, the desired temperature rise rate can be calculated based on the specifications, specific heat capacity, resistivity, temperature, current, voltage, etc. of the lithium-ion battery under thermal runaway state, combined with the initial operating frequency and current of the electromagnetic induction experimental device, and used as the control target to ensure that the actual temperature rise rate is stable near the desired temperature rise rate.

[0054] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, generating the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test based on at least one heating parameter and at least one battery state parameter includes: inputting at least one heating parameter and at least one battery state parameter into a pre-trained battery temperature rise model to output the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test, wherein the battery temperature rise model is trained from battery state training data and heating training data from an electromagnetic induction device, and the expression of the battery temperature rise model may be, but is not limited to, as follows: , in, Indicates the expected rate of temperature rise of the battery; Indicates the operating frequency of the electromagnetic induction device; This represents the current in an electromagnetic induction coil; Indicates the resistivity of the battery; This indicates the battery's equivalent specific heat capacity; It represents the electromagnetic induction constant.

[0055] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can use battery state training data and heating training data from electromagnetic induction devices to train a corresponding battery temperature rise model. The expression for the battery temperature rise model can be, but is not limited to, as follows: , in, Indicates the expected rate of temperature rise of the battery, in °C / s; The operating frequency of the electromagnetic induction device, in Hz; The current in an electromagnetic induction coil is expressed in amperes (A). Represents the resistivity of a battery, measured in Ω·m. This indicates the equivalent specific heat capacity of the battery, expressed in J / (kg·K). It represents the electromagnetic induction constant, which is related to the electromagnetic induction generator itself.

[0056] For example, embodiments of this application can obtain state training data of a battery under thermal runaway conditions, such as the battery's resistivity and equivalent specific heat capacity, and select the operating frequency and current of an electromagnetic induction device according to the battery type, and perform impedance matching calibration to obtain heating training data of the electromagnetic induction device. Then, based on the state training data and heating training data, a corresponding battery temperature rise model is trained to construct a battery temperature rise model.

[0057] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the present application embodiments may input heating parameters and battery state parameters into a pre-trained battery temperature rise model, thereby outputting the desired temperature rise rate of the battery.

[0058] In step S203, an adjustment value for at least one heating parameter is calculated based on the difference between the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate. The battery under test is then heated according to the adjusted at least one heating parameter until the battery under test meets the preset thermal runaway conditions, so as to obtain the thermal runaway test results of the battery under test.

[0059] It is understood that the actual temperature rise rate in the embodiments of this application is maintained near the expected temperature rise rate. That is, when the difference between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate is greater than a certain threshold, the heating parameters of the electromagnetic induction device need to be adjusted.

[0060] As one possible implementation, embodiments of this application can calculate an adjustment value for the heating parameters based on the difference between the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate, adjust the heating parameters according to the adjustment value, and heat the battery under test according to the adjusted heating parameters until the battery under test meets certain thermal runaway conditions, and record the thermal runaway test results of the battery under test under thermal runaway conditions. The certain thermal runaway conditions can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions, and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0061] For example, in combination Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the corresponding electromagnetic induction experimental device is activated to heat the lithium-ion battery. During the heating process, the actual temperature rise rate of the lithium-ion battery is obtained by monitoring the battery temperature in real time. The current and operating frequency of the electromagnetic induction device are dynamically adjusted by the control system to ensure that the actual temperature rise rate is stable near the expected temperature rise rate. The battery temperature, voltage and current are continuously recorded for subsequent analysis.

[0062] Furthermore, embodiments of this application can employ multi-parameter criteria (such as referring to the requirements of GB38031-2025 standard, which are not specifically limited here) to shut down the induction heating system when a lithium-ion battery experiences thermal runaway, while continuing to monitor the lithium-ion battery until certain thermal runaway conditions are met, such as the termination of the thermal runaway state, thus obtaining the corresponding thermal runaway test results. The curve of the actual temperature rise rate during the battery's electromagnetic induction thermal runaway process is shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0063] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, calculating an adjustment value for at least one heating parameter based on the difference between the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate includes: determining whether the difference is greater than a preset threshold; if the difference is greater than the preset threshold, calculating an adjustment value based on the difference; if the difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, determining the adjustment value as a target value.

[0064] In some embodiments, when calculating the adjustment value of the heating parameters, this application can first determine whether the difference is greater than a certain threshold. If it is, the adjustment value is calculated based on the difference between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate; otherwise, the adjustment value is set to the target value, such as 0. This application does not impose specific limitations. The certain threshold can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0065] For example, in this application embodiment, when the difference between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate is small (less than or equal to a certain threshold), it is determined that the heating parameter does not need to be adjusted, and the adjustment value is set to 0; when the difference is large (greater than a certain threshold), it is determined that the heating parameter needs to be adjusted, and the corresponding adjustment value is calculated based on the difference.

[0066] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, calculating an adjustment value for at least one heating parameter based on the difference between the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate includes: determining a target adjustment parameter for at least one heating parameter based on the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate; and calculating the adjustment value of the target adjustment parameter based on the difference.

[0067] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the current is directly related to the power and has a linear or square relationship with the temperature rise rate. The temperature rise can be changed quickly by adjusting the current, but the current capacity limit of the equipment must be considered. The frequency affects iron loss (such as eddy current loss, hysteresis loss, etc.) or capacitor charging and discharging frequency. The efficiency or stability of the system (such as motor speed, harmonics, etc.) can be changed by adjusting the frequency.

[0068] Furthermore, in some embodiments, if the actual temperature rise rate is less than the expected temperature rise rate, and the system losses are mainly current-related (such as resistance heating), then the current is increased first, i.e., the target adjustment parameter is determined to be current; if frequency-related losses (such as iron loss) are dominant, or if current overload needs to be avoided, then the frequency is adjusted, i.e., the target adjustment parameter is determined to be frequency.

[0069] Therefore, in this embodiment of the application, the adjustment value of the target adjustment parameter can be calculated from the difference between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate.

[0070] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, after heating the battery under test, the method further includes: collecting thermal runaway parameters of the battery under test; and identifying the actual state of the battery under test based on the thermal runaway parameters.

[0071] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, thermal runaway parameters may include, but are not limited to, changes in temperature, voltage and current of the battery when it is in a thermal runaway state, as well as possible thermal runaway characteristics (such as smoke, flames, etc.), etc., and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0072] In some embodiments, the present application embodiments can continue to monitor the thermal runaway parameters of the battery under test during the thermal runaway process, such as changes in temperature, voltage and current, as well as possible thermal runaway characteristics (such as smoke, flame, etc.), and determine whether the battery under test meets certain thermal runaway conditions, such as the conditions for ending the thermal runaway state, based on the thermal runaway parameters, and determine the actual state of the battery under test when the conditions for ending the thermal runaway state are met.

[0073] The working principle of the thermal runaway test method for batteries proposed in this application will be introduced below with reference to a specific embodiment.

[0074] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the working principle of a thermal runaway testing method for a battery according to an embodiment of this application.

[0075] In this application embodiment, the following is utilized Figure 1 The electromagnetic induction experimental setup shown is used to test the thermal runaway of a cylindrical lithium battery. Its main components include: preparation of the electromagnetic induction experimental setup, parameter settings and initial conditions, heating and temperature rise rate control, and thermal runaway triggering and monitoring.

[0076] (1) Preparation of the electromagnetic induction experimental setup includes: Step S401: Fix the cylindrical lithium battery and place it at the center of the coil of the electromagnetic induction experimental device.

[0077] Step S402: Deploy voltage sensors and infrared thermal imagers to monitor voltage and temperature in real time.

[0078] Step S403: Through the adjustable frequency AC power supply and control system, ensure that the power supply adjusts the output parameters in real time according to the feedback signal.

[0079] (2) Parameter settings and initial conditions include: Step S404: Calculate the desired temperature rise rate based on the battery type, specifications, certain thermal runaway conditions, equivalent specific heat capacity, and resistivity, and use it as the control target.

[0080] Step S405: Set the initial operating frequency and current of the electromagnetic induction experimental device.

[0081] In this embodiment, the cylindrical lithium battery has a capacity of 2600mAh and a full-charge voltage of 4.17V. The electromagnetic induction constant of the electromagnetic induction experimental device is assumed to be... The resistivity of the battery is 0.01. Let be a constant, taking a value of 0.005 Ω·m, representing the equivalent specific heat capacity of the battery. The value is 1000 J / (kg·K), and the operating frequency of the electromagnetic induction device is... At 500Hz, the desired temperature rise rate The current of the electromagnetic induction coil is 2°C / s, and then the battery temperature rise model is used to obtain the current. It is 4.47A.

[0082] (3) Heating and temperature rise rate control includes: Step S406: Start the device to heat the sample, and adjust the operating frequency and current through the monitoring and control feedback system to ensure that the actual temperature rise rate of the battery is stable near the expected temperature rise rate.

[0083] Step S407: During the heating process, continuously record the battery's temperature, voltage, current, etc.

[0084] In this embodiment of the application, after heating is started, the temperature change of the battery surface is monitored in real time, and the current and frequency of the electromagnetic induction experimental device are dynamically adjusted through the feedback control system to ensure that the actual temperature rise rate of the battery is stable at 2°C / s.

[0085] (4) Thermal runaway triggering and monitoring include: Step S408: When thermal runaway occurs, shut down the induction heating system.

[0086] Step S409: Record the temperature, voltage and current changes during the thermal runaway process, as well as possible thermal runaway characteristics such as smoke and flames.

[0087] Step S410: Continuously monitor the battery status until certain thermal runaway conditions are met.

[0088] In this embodiment, when the internal temperature of the battery reaches 150°C, thermal runaway begins, manifested as a sharp drop in voltage to near 0V. Heating is then stopped, and the temperature rapidly rises to over 700°C. The battery's temperature, voltage, and current changes are continuously recorded, and changes in the battery's surface appearance, such as smoke generation and flame ejection, are observed. Based on the desired temperature rise rate, a standardized k-value calibration procedure and an intelligent dynamic control strategy are employed to achieve high-precision temperature rise rate control of the battery surface. This method is suitable for safety performance evaluation of various lithium batteries and has outstanding advantages such as precise control, safety, high efficiency, and wide applicability, providing a reliable testing method for lithium battery safety research.

[0089] The thermal runaway testing method for batteries proposed in this application can determine the heating parameters of the corresponding electromagnetic induction device based on the battery state parameters of the battery under test, thereby generating the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test. The adjustment value of the heating parameters is calculated based on the difference between the expected and actual temperature rise rates, thus heating the battery under test until certain thermal runaway conditions are met, obtaining the thermal runaway test results. Dynamic parameter matching accurately simulates real-world abuse scenarios, improving test reliability and making the test results closer to the actual thermal runaway boundary. Real-time feedback correction forms a closed-loop control, improving test efficiency and safety. Precise parameter adjustment reduces invalid test times, lowers sample and equipment wear, supports diverse testing needs, and is highly adaptable, achieving multi-scenario coverage. This solves the problems in related technologies, such as needle penetration damaging the battery structure and poor repeatability; overcharging requiring additional energy input and failing to reflect real-world thermal runaway scenarios; low external heating efficiency and poor heat distribution uniformity, making it difficult to achieve precise control and uniform heating of the battery interior, and lacking universality.

[0090] Next, the thermal runaway testing apparatus for batteries according to embodiments of this application is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0091] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a battery thermal runaway testing device provided according to an embodiment of this application.

[0092] like Figure 5 As shown, the thermal runaway testing device 10 for the battery includes: an acquisition module 100, a generation module 200, and a heating module 300.

[0093] The acquisition module 100 is used to acquire at least one battery state parameter of the battery under test, and based on the at least one battery state parameter, determine at least one heating parameter of the electromagnetic induction device for heating the battery under test.

[0094] The generation module 200 is used to generate the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test based on at least one heating parameter and at least one battery state parameter, and to detect the actual temperature rise rate of the battery under test at the current moment.

[0095] The heating module 300 is used to calculate the adjustment value of at least one heating parameter based on the difference between the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate, and to heat the battery under test according to the adjusted at least one heating parameter until the battery under test meets the preset thermal runaway conditions, so as to obtain the thermal runaway test results of the battery under test.

[0096] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the generation module 200 includes an output unit.

[0097] The output unit is used to input at least one heating parameter and at least one battery state parameter into a pre-trained battery temperature rise model to output the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test. The battery temperature rise model is trained from the battery state training data and the heating training data of the electromagnetic induction device.

[0098] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the expression for the battery temperature rise model may be, but is not limited to, the following: , in, Indicates the expected rate of temperature rise of the battery; Indicates the operating frequency of the electromagnetic induction device; This represents the current in an electromagnetic induction coil; Indicates the resistivity of the battery; This indicates the battery's equivalent specific heat capacity; It represents the electromagnetic induction constant.

[0099] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the heating module 300 includes: a first determining unit and a first calculating unit.

[0100] The first determining unit is used to determine a target adjustment parameter for at least one heating parameter based on the desired temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate.

[0101] The first calculation unit is used to calculate the adjustment value of the target adjustment parameter based on the difference.

[0102] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, it further includes: a data acquisition module and an identification module.

[0103] The acquisition module is used to acquire the thermal runaway parameters of the battery under test after heating it.

[0104] The identification module is used to identify the actual state of the battery under test based on thermal runaway parameters.

[0105] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the heating module 300 includes: a judgment unit, a second calculation unit, and a second determination unit.

[0106] The judgment unit is used to determine whether the difference is greater than a preset threshold.

[0107] The second calculation unit is used to calculate an adjustment value based on the difference if the difference is greater than a preset threshold.

[0108] The second determining unit is used to determine the adjustment value as the target value when the difference is less than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0109] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the battery thermal runaway test method also applies to the battery thermal runaway test device of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0110] The thermal runaway testing device for batteries proposed in this application can determine the heating parameters of the corresponding electromagnetic induction device based on the battery state parameters of the battery under test, thereby generating the expected temperature rise rate of the battery under test. The adjustment value of the heating parameters is calculated based on the difference between the expected and actual temperature rise rates, thus heating the battery under test until certain thermal runaway conditions are met, obtaining the thermal runaway test results. Dynamic parameter matching accurately simulates real-world abuse scenarios, improving test reliability and making the test results closer to the actual thermal runaway boundary. Real-time feedback correction forms a closed-loop control, improving test efficiency and safety. Precise parameter adjustment reduces invalid test times, lowers sample and equipment wear, supports diverse testing needs, and is highly adaptable, achieving multi-scenario coverage. This solves the problems in related technologies, such as needle penetration damaging the battery structure and poor repeatability; overcharging requiring additional energy input and failing to reflect real-world thermal runaway scenarios; low external heating efficiency and poor heat distribution uniformity, making it difficult to achieve precise control and uniform heating of the battery interior, and lacking universality.

[0111] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may include: The memory 601, the processor 602, and the computer program stored on the memory 601 and capable of running on the processor 602.

[0112] When the processor 602 executes the program, it implements the thermal runaway test method for the battery provided in the above embodiments.

[0113] Furthermore, electronic devices also include: Communication interface 603 is used for communication between memory 601 and processor 602.

[0114] The memory 601 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 602.

[0115] The memory 601 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0116] If the memory 601, processor 602, and communication interface 603 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 603, memory 601, and processor 602 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 6 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0117] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 601, processor 602, and communication interface 603 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 601, processor 602, and communication interface 603 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0118] The processor 602 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0119] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for testing the thermal runaway of a battery.

[0120] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed, implements the above-described method for testing the thermal runaway of a battery.

[0121] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0122] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0123] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0124] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which programs can be printed, because programs can be obtained electronically by optically scanning paper or other media, then editing, interpreting or otherwise processing them as necessary, and then storing them in computer memory.

[0125] It should be understood that the various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or more of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0127] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0128] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method of thermal runaway testing of a battery, the method comprising: The method comprises the following steps: obtaining at least one battery state parameter of a battery to be tested, and determining at least one heating parameter of an electromagnetic induction device for heating the battery to be tested based on the at least one battery state parameter; generating an expected temperature rise rate of the battery to be tested according to the at least one heating parameter and the at least one battery state parameter, and detecting an actual temperature rise rate of the battery to be tested at a current time; calculating an adjustment value of the at least one heating parameter according to a difference between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate, and heating the battery to be tested according to the adjusted at least one heating parameter until the battery to be tested meets a preset thermal runaway condition, so as to obtain a thermal runaway test result of the battery to be tested.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The generating of the expected temperature rise rate of the battery to be tested according to the at least one heating parameter and the at least one battery state parameter comprises: inputting the at least one heating parameter and the at least one battery state parameter into a pre-trained battery temperature rise model to output the expected temperature rise rate of the battery to be tested, wherein the battery temperature rise model is trained by state training data of a battery and heating training data of an electromagnetic induction device.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The expression of the battery temperature rise model is: ， wherein, represents a desired temperature rise rate of the battery; represents an operating frequency of the electromagnetic induction device; represents a current of the electromagnetic induction coil; represents a resistivity of the battery; represents an equivalent specific heat capacity of the battery; represents an electromagnetic induction constant.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The calculating of the adjustment value of the at least one heating parameter according to the difference between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate comprises: determining a target adjustment parameter of the at least one heating parameter according to the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate; calculating an adjustment value of the target adjustment parameter according to the difference.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, After heating the battery to be tested, the method further comprises: collecting a thermal runaway parameter of the battery to be tested; identifying an actual state of the battery to be tested according to the thermal runaway parameter.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The calculating of the adjustment value of the at least one heating parameter according to the difference between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate comprises: determining whether the difference is greater than a preset threshold value; if the difference is greater than the preset threshold value, calculating the adjustment value according to the difference; if the difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, determining that the adjustment value is a target value.

7. A battery thermal runaway testing device, comprising: The method comprises: an obtaining module, configured to obtain at least one battery state parameter of a battery to be tested, and determine at least one heating parameter of an electromagnetic induction device for heating the battery to be tested based on the at least one battery state parameter; a generating module, configured to generate an expected temperature rise rate of the battery to be tested according to the at least one heating parameter and the at least one battery state parameter, and detect an actual temperature rise rate of the battery to be tested at a current time; a heating module, configured to calculate an adjustment value of the at least one heating parameter according to a difference between the expected temperature rise rate and the actual temperature rise rate, and heat the battery to be tested according to the adjusted at least one heating parameter until the battery to be tested meets a preset thermal runaway condition, so as to obtain a thermal runaway test result of the battery to be tested.

8. An electronic device, comprising: The method comprises: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and runable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the method of claim 1-6.

9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor for implementing the method of claim 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterised in that, A computer program which, when executed, implements the method of claim 1-6.

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