Antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna and electronic equipment. The antenna comprises an antenna radiator, and the antenna radiator is provided with a feed port and a plurality of reconstruction ports. The feed port is connected with the feed source; at least one matching branch is arranged between the reconstruction port and the ground wire; wherein different on-off states of a plurality of matching branches included in the antenna correspond to different antenna forms of the antenna; and the directional diagrams of the antennas in different antenna forms are different. By adopting the antenna, the flexibility of the electronic equipment for communication by using the antenna can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are important modules in electronic devices. The antenna orientation in current electronic devices... Figure 1 Generally, antennas radiate in all directions, and each antenna has a main beam according to its pre-designed pattern. Optimal performance is achieved when transmitting and receiving signals using the direction of the main beam. However, current antenna designs result in fixed antenna patterns, leading to limited flexibility for electronic devices using antennas for communication. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an antenna and electronic device that can improve the flexibility of electronic devices in using antennas for communication, in order to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna. The antenna includes: an antenna radiator, on which a feed port and a plurality of reconfiguration ports are disposed; the feed port is connected to a feed source; at least one matching branch is disposed between the reconfiguration port and a ground wire; wherein, different on / off states of the plurality of matching branches included in the antenna correspond to different antenna configurations of the antenna; the radiation pattern of the antenna is different under different antenna configurations.

[0005] Secondly, this application also provides an electronic device. This electronic device includes an antenna as described in the first aspect above.

[0006] The aforementioned antenna and electronic device include an antenna radiator with a feed port and multiple reconfiguration ports. The feed port is connected to a feed source. At least one matching branch is provided between the reconfiguration port and a ground wire. The different on / off states of the multiple matching branches correspond to different antenna configurations. Different antenna configurations result in different antenna patterns. Thus, by controlling the different on / off states of the multiple matching branches to change the antenna's pattern, the flexibility of the electronic device in using the antenna for communication is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in one embodiment;

[0009] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna radiator in one embodiment;

[0010] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure in one embodiment;

[0011] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure in one embodiment;

[0012] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure in one embodiment;

[0013] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 4xSPST switch in one embodiment;

[0014] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure in one embodiment;

[0015] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth matching branch in one embodiment;

[0016] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna S11 parameters in one embodiment;

[0017] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the antenna efficiency in one embodiment;

[0018] Figure 11 This is a comparison of 3D antenna radiation patterns in one embodiment;

[0019] Figure 12 This is a comparison of 2D antenna radiation patterns in one embodiment;

[0020] Figure 13 This is a comparison diagram of another 3D antenna pattern in one embodiment;

[0021] Figure 14 This is a comparison diagram of another 2D antenna pattern in one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 15 This is a comparison diagram of another 3D antenna pattern in one embodiment;

[0023] Figure 16 This is a comparison diagram of another 2D antenna pattern in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application, but this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0027] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0029] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first resistor may be referred to as a second resistor, and similarly, a second resistor may be referred to as a first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0030] It is understood that the term "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical signal or data transmission with each other.

[0031] It is understandable that "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least a part of an element" refers to part or all of an element.

[0032] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising / including” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Meanwhile, the term “and / or” as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0033] Antenna orientation of current electronic devices Figure 1 Generally, antennas radiate in all directions, and each antenna has a main beam according to the design. In existing technologies, the radiation pattern distribution of the antennas in electronic devices is typically controlled using the phased array beam scanning principle. Specifically, multiple antennas need to be controlled to achieve directional, variable beam coverage. However, this method requires multiple antennas, necessitating more space and increasing costs, thus significantly increasing the complexity and cost of RF front-end design. Overall, this results in lower flexibility for electronic devices using antennas for communication.

[0034] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an antenna that can reconstruct the radiation pattern for a single antenna, thereby reducing costs and improving the flexibility of electronic devices to communicate using a single antenna.

[0035] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, an antenna is provided, comprising: an antenna radiator, on which a feed port and multiple reconfiguration ports are provided; the feed port is connected to a feed source; at least one matching branch is provided between the reconfiguration port and a ground wire; wherein, different on / off states of the multiple matching branches included in the antenna correspond to different antenna forms; the antenna radiation pattern is different under different antenna forms.

[0036] An antenna radiator is used to radiate signals. This antenna can be installed in an electronic device. Taking a mobile phone terminal as an example, the antenna radiator can be a part of the metal frame of the mobile phone terminal. Optionally, the antenna radiator can be composed of a portion of the metal frame including the rounded corners (top left, bottom left, top right, and bottom right), or the antenna radiator can be composed of the straight edge portion of the metal frame. It is understood that the metal frame, after being divided by seams, can serve as multiple radiators. This application embodiment describes a single antenna radiator for a single antenna.

[0037] The antenna radiator is provided with a feed port. The signal that the electronic device needs to transmit enters the feed source and is then transmitted to the feed port, reaching the antenna radiator through the feed port and radiated into free space. The antenna radiator can also receive signals and output the received signals to the feed source through the feed port. The processing component in the electronic device is connected to the feed source and can obtain the signal received by the antenna from the feed source for further processing.

[0038] The antenna radiator has multiple reconfiguration ports, each connected to at least one matching branch. Each matching branch can be either on or off. By combining the on and off states of the matching branches, the antenna can be reconfigured into different antenna configurations. Different antenna configurations result in different antenna types and therefore different antenna radiation patterns.

[0039] When a matching branch is disconnected, the reconstructed port connected to that matching branch is left floating.

[0040] When the matching branch is active, the reconfiguration port connected to the matching branch can be grounded. Alternatively, if the matching branch includes a matching element, when the matching branch is active, the matching element is connected between the reconfiguration port and the ground wire, which is equivalent to the reconfiguration port being connected to the matching element. Optionally, the matching element can be connected to change the operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0041] Optionally, the ground wire can be connected to the floor of the electronic device.

[0042] It is understandable that when the antenna pattern is different, the direction of the main antenna beam may be different, and therefore the main radiation direction of the signal transmitted or received by the electronic device will also change. Therefore, by reconstructing the antenna pattern, the flexibility of electronic devices in using antenna communication is improved.

[0043] The aforementioned antenna includes an antenna radiator with a feed port and multiple reconfiguration ports. The feed port is connected to a feed source. At least one matching branch is provided between the reconfiguration port and the ground wire. The different on / off states of the multiple matching branches correspond to different antenna configurations. Different antenna configurations result in different antenna patterns. Thus, by controlling the different on / off states of the multiple matching branches, the antenna pattern can be varied, improving the flexibility of electronic devices using antennas for communication. Based on this, the pattern of a single antenna can be reconfigured, reducing the space occupied by electronic devices.

[0044] In one embodiment, the metal frame between the two slits serves as the antenna radiator.

[0045] For example, such as Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an antenna radiator is shown. The area between the first and second slits is the antenna radiator. It can be seen that the antenna radiator here includes the rounded corner (upper right corner) of the metal frame; however, as mentioned above, the antenna radiator can also be the straight edge of the metal frame. 1, 2, and 3 are ports located on the antenna radiator.

[0046] In one embodiment, the power supply port is located near one of the breaks, a target reconfiguration port of one of the multiple reconfiguration ports is located near another break, and the other reconfiguration ports are located between the power supply port and the target reconfiguration port.

[0047] Taking multiple reconstruction ports, including the first reconstruction port and the second reconstruction port, as an example, refer to... Figure 2 As shown, port 1 is the power supply port, port 2 is the first reconstruction port, and port 3 is the second reconstruction port; here, the power supply port is close to the first fracture, the second reconstruction port is close to the second fracture, and the first reconstruction port is located between the two.

[0048] In one embodiment, the distance between the first reconfiguration port and the second reconfiguration port is determined according to the frequency at which the antenna operates.

[0049] That is, the distance between the first reconstructed port and the second reconstructed port is frequency-dependent. Optionally, the distance between the first reconstructed port and the second reconstructed port can be less than a preset distance threshold, thereby ensuring that the switching circuit mentioned later can be connected to both the first reconstructed port and the second reconstructed port.

[0050] For example, the distance between the first reconstruction port and the second reconstruction port is about 8mm.

[0051] In one embodiment, each matching branch is one of the following paths:

[0052] A straight path; for example, a wire.

[0053] A path containing resistance.

[0054] A path containing capacitance and / or inductance. That is, the path includes capacitance, or the path includes inductance, or the path includes both capacitance and inductance.

[0055] It is understandable that the matching components mentioned above can be straight wires, capacitors, resistors, and / or inductors.

[0056] Optionally, the capacitance values ​​of capacitors and the inductance values ​​of inductors on different matching branches may vary.

[0057] In this embodiment, different matching branches can be formed by setting matching elements, and then the antenna configuration can be reconfigured under low cost and low complexity by controlling the on / off state of the matching branches.

[0058] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 3 The diagram shows the antenna structure. Multiple reconstruction ports include a first reconstruction port and a second reconstruction port; a first matching branch is provided between the first reconstruction port and the ground line; a second matching branch and a third matching branch are connected in parallel between the second reconstruction port and the ground line.

[0059] The first matching branch can be a direct path, a path containing a resistor, a path containing a first capacitor, or a path containing a first inductor. In other words, the matching element in the first matching branch can be a wire, a resistor, a first capacitor, or a first inductor. The resistor value can be 0 ohms, or the difference between the resistor value and 0 ohms can be less than a preset resistance threshold, thus ensuring that the first reconstructed port is directly grounded when the first matching branch is on. The capacitance of the first capacitor is a first preset capacitance value, which ensures that the first reconstructed port is directly grounded when the first matching branch is on. Similarly, the inductance of the first inductor is a first preset inductance value, which ensures that the first reconstructed port is directly grounded when the first matching branch is on.

[0060] The second matching branch can be a direct path, a path containing a resistor, a path containing a second capacitor, or a path containing a second inductor. In other words, the matching element in the second matching branch can be a wire, a resistor, a second capacitor, or a second inductor. The resistor value can be 0 ohms, or the difference between the resistor value and 0 ohms can be less than a preset resistance threshold, thus ensuring that the second reconstruction port is directly grounded when the second matching branch is on. The capacitance of the second capacitor is a second preset capacitance value, which ensures that the second reconstruction port is directly grounded when the second matching branch is on. Similarly, the inductance of the second inductor is a second preset inductance value, which ensures that the second reconstruction port is directly grounded when the second matching branch is on.

[0061] For example, the first preset capacitance and the second preset capacitance are, for example, 10pf or more, and the first preset sensitivity and the second preset sensitivity are, for example, 1nh.

[0062] The third matching branch is a path that includes a third capacitor and / or a third inductor. That is, the matching element in the third matching branch is a third capacitor, or a third inductor, or includes both a third capacitor and a third inductor.

[0063] Optionally, the capacitance value of the third capacitor and the inductance value of the third inductor can be determined according to the frequency band required for the antenna to operate. For example, when the matching element is the third capacitor, the third capacitor can be 0.7 pF. When the matching element is the third inductor, the third inductance can be 8.2 nH. Thus, when the third matching branch is turned on, it is equivalent to the matching circuit being connected to the line between the second reconstruction port and the ground point. At this time, the second reconstruction port is matched, thereby operating in the corresponding frequency band.

[0064] Optionally, the first matching branch and the second matching branch can be turned on or off simultaneously, while the second matching branch and the third matching branch cannot be turned on simultaneously.

[0065] In this embodiment, by setting multiple matching branches, the connection relationship of each reconfiguration port is enriched, thereby facilitating the enrichment of antenna form and operating frequency band.

[0066] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure is shown. This antenna also includes a switching circuit, which comprises a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch.

[0067] The first switch is connected between the first matching branch and the ground wire; when the first switch is closed, the first matching branch is conductive. At this time, the first reconfiguration port is directly grounded.

[0068] The second switch is connected between the second matching branch and the ground wire; when the second switch is closed, the second matching branch is conductive. At this time, the second reconfiguration port is directly grounded.

[0069] The third switch is connected between the third matching branch and the ground wire; when the third switch is closed, the third matching branch is conductive. At this time, the second reconstruction port is grounded through the third capacitor or the third inductor, which is equivalent to loading the matching circuit onto the second reconstruction port.

[0070] Optionally, the first, second, and third switches are single-pole single-throw switches.

[0071] Optionally, the central processing unit (CPU) of the electronic device controls the closing or opening of the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch, thereby controlling the conduction and disconnection of each matched branch.

[0072] In this embodiment, by setting a switching circuit, the on / off control of each matching branch can be achieved accurately and easily. It is low in cost, has high control accuracy, is easy to implement, and has low integration complexity.

[0073] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 Another antenna structure schematic diagram is shown. The third switch includes a first matching switch and a second matching switch; the third matching branch includes a first frequency-selective matching branch and a second frequency-selective matching branch. The first frequency-selective matching branch is a path containing a third capacitor, and the second frequency-selective matching branch is a path containing a third inductor.

[0074] The first matching switch is connected between the first frequency selective matching branch and the ground wire; when the first matching switch is closed, the first frequency selective matching branch is turned on and the second matching switch is turned off; at this time, the second frequency selective matching branch is turned off.

[0075] The second matching switch is connected between the second frequency matching branch and the ground wire; when the second matching switch is closed, the second frequency matching branch is turned on and the first matching switch is turned off; at this time, the first frequency matching branch is turned off.

[0076] In other words, the switching circuit here mainly includes a first switch, a second switch, a first matching switch, and a second matching switch. By closing or opening each switch, the on / off state of the first matching branch, the second matching branch, the first frequency-selective matching branch, and the second frequency-selective matching branch is controlled.

[0077] Optionally, the short circuit switch can be a 4xSPST switch (four single-pole single-throw switch), such as... Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a 4xSPST switch is shown. RF1 to RF4 are four connection ports, which can be connected to one end of the first matching branch, the second matching branch, the first frequency selective matching branch, and the second frequency selective matching branch, respectively. GND is the ground port. SDATA, SCLK, ID, and VIO are all control ports.

[0078] In one embodiment, the antenna operates at different frequency bands when the first matching switch is closed and the second matching switch is closed.

[0079] That is, when the first matching branch and the second matching branch are both conducting, the matching loaded on the second reconfiguration port is different from that when the first matching branch and the third matching branch are both conducting. One is based on the third capacitor, and the other is based on the third inductor. Therefore, the frequency band in which the antenna operates is different.

[0080] In this way, by connecting different matches between the second reconfiguration port and the ground point, the frequency band of the antenna can be adjusted, enriching the antenna's operating frequency band and further improving the flexibility of electronic device communication.

[0081] For example, with Figure 2 The antenna radiator structure shown and Figure 6 Taking the switching circuit shown as an example, as Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure is shown.

[0082] by Figure 7 Taking the structure as an example, in one optional embodiment, when the first matching branch is on, the second matching branch is on, and the third matching branch is off, the antenna type is an IFA (Inverted-FAntenna) antenna. When the first matching branch is off, the second matching branch is off, and the third matching branch is off, the antenna type is a T antenna. When the first matching branch is on, the second matching branch is off, and the third matching branch is on, the antenna type is a combined antenna including an IFA antenna and a parasitic antenna.

[0083] Figure 7 In the diagram, C1 is the matching element on the first matching branch, C2 is the matching element on the second matching branch, C3 is the matching element on the first frequency-selective matching branch, and C4 is the matching element on the second frequency-selective matching branch.

[0084] The IFA antenna is a variation of the monopole antenna. Its inverted F-shaped design results in a small footprint, making it suitable for space-constrained applications such as portable electronic devices. This compactness ensures smaller devices while maintaining high antenna performance. By adjusting the antenna's height and width, the resonant frequency can be fine-tuned to operate within the desired frequency band. The length and position of the stub directly affect the antenna's resonant frequency; precise design allows for optimal performance at specific frequencies.

[0085] A T-type antenna is a vertically grounded antenna. In a T-type antenna, the vertical part is an upright metal rod, while the horizontal part is a crossbar extending from the top of the vertical rod. This structure allows the T-type antenna to effectively radiate and receive electromagnetic waves, especially in the long-wave and medium-wave frequency bands. Due to its simple structure and good performance, the T-type antenna is widely used in radio stations, radio communications, and other scenarios requiring long-distance signal transmission.

[0086] In another alternative implementation, multiple matching branches are connected in parallel between the first reconfiguration port and the ground wire, and multiple matching branches are connected in parallel between the second reconfiguration port and the ground wire. In this way, by controlling the on / off state of different combinations of matching branches, more different antenna configurations can be achieved, thereby improving the flexibility of electronic devices in using the antenna for communication.

[0087] In one embodiment, the antenna further includes a fourth matching branch connected between the feed port and the feed source; the fourth matching branch is used to tune the antenna parameters when the antenna operates in the target frequency band.

[0088] Optionally, antenna parameters include S11 parameters and antenna efficiency, etc.

[0089] For example, such as Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a fourth matching branch is shown.

[0090] In this way, by adjusting the antenna parameters, the antenna performance can be improved to meet the communication requirements of electronic devices.

[0091] In one embodiment, the antenna can operate in the mid-to-high frequency band and the ultra-high frequency band.

[0092] Therefore, the target frequency band can be the mid-high frequency band or the ultra-high frequency band.

[0093] For example, refer to Figure 7 Taking a radiator positioned at the upper right corner of a metal frame, operating in the MHB and N78 bands, with C3 at 0.7 pf and C4 at 8.2 MHz as an example, a feed port is used for feeding. The first and second reconstruction ports are connected to a 4xSPST switch for load switching, thus changing the antenna's radiation mode and thus altering the radiation pattern. For example, changing the load on the first and second reconstruction ports can result in three combinations, forming three different radiation pattern reconstructions. The first is that both the first and second reconstruction ports are grounded (i.e., grounded), resulting in an IFA antenna; the second is that both the first and second reconstruction ports are disconnected (i.e., suspended), resulting in a T antenna; the third is that the first reconstruction port is grounded, and the second reconstruction port is loaded and matched, resulting in an IFA antenna with a parasitic tail.

[0094] The antenna radiation patterns under the three conditions are analyzed below. Here, a frequency point of 1.75G, 2.55G and N78 3.5G are selected as examples.

[0095] 1. When the first reconstruction port is grounded and the second reconstruction port is loaded with matching (i.e., the third matching branch is turned on and the second matching branch is turned off), the antenna is a top IFA with parasitic tail. The matching can be adjusted on the fourth matching branch connected to the feed port to determine the S11 and efficiency required for the antenna to operate in the MHB and N78 bands, as follows: Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the parameters of the antenna S11 being debugged is shown, as follows: Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the tuned antenna efficiency is shown. The 3D antenna patterns are compared when the antenna is operating in the 1.75 GHz, 2.55 GHz, and N78 3.5 GHz frequency bands. Figure 11As shown; 2D antenna patterns when the antenna operates in the 1.75G, 2.55G, and N78 3.5G frequency bands are compared. Figure 12 As shown.

[0096] 2. When both the first and second reconstruction ports are floating, it is a T-antenna. Correspondingly, the 3D antenna patterns when the antenna operates in the 1.75GHz, 2.55GHz, and N78 3.5GHz frequency bands are compared below. Figure 13 As shown; 2D antenna patterns when the antenna operates in the 1.75G, 2.55G, and N78 3.5G frequency bands are compared. Figure 14 As shown. Comparison Figure 11 and Figure 12 As can be seen, the antenna pattern has changed.

[0097] 3. When the first reconstruction port is grounded and the second reconstruction port is loaded with 0.7 pf, the operating frequency band of the terminal parasitic antenna is the intermediate frequency band; when the first reconstruction port is grounded and the second reconstruction port is loaded with 8.2 MHz, the operating frequency band of the terminal parasitic antenna is the high frequency band. The IFA antenna also operates in the MHB and N78 bands. Furthermore, it can be understood that the radiating portion from the first gap to the first reconstruction port belongs to the IFA antenna, and the radiating portion from the first reconstruction port to the second gap belongs to the terminal parasitic antenna. Taking the 1.75 GHz intermediate frequency and the 2.55 GHz high frequency as examples, the 3D antenna patterns in these two cases are compared as follows: Figure 15 As shown, the 2D antenna pattern comparison is as follows: Figure 16 As shown, the antenna pattern differs depending on the matching conditions, specifically when connected to the first or second frequency-selective matching branch.

[0098] In summary, it can be seen that after the first and second reconstruction ports are switched to achieve different loading, the antenna directivity changes significantly. The intermediate frequency and high frequency can produce three radiation patterns, which are complementary. The N78 band has relatively small directivity changes.

[0099] In this embodiment, a switch is used to achieve different loading conditions at the two reconfiguration ports of the antenna radiator, resulting in changes in the radiation mode of a single antenna across multiple frequency bands, thus achieving a reconfigurable radiation pattern for a single antenna across multiple frequency bands. In this way, by constructing multiple modes for a single antenna across multiple frequency bands, a reconfigurable radiation pattern can be achieved, effectively forming complementary radiation patterns and achieving coverage of weak directions. Given the increasing number of frequency bands and functions supported by electronic devices and the growing space constraints in antenna design, the antenna provided in this embodiment can achieve a reconfigurable radiation pattern for a single antenna across multiple frequency bands without increasing the number of antennas or reducing their footprint, thereby improving the flexibility of electronic devices using a single antenna for communication.

[0100] In one embodiment, an electronic device is provided, including an antenna as described in any of the above embodiments. The electronic device may be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. IoT devices may include smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, smart in-vehicle devices, etc. Portable wearable devices may include smartwatches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc. The forms of electronic devices are not fully illustrated herein.

[0101] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0102] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes: an antenna radiator, on which a feed port and multiple reconfiguration ports are provided; The power supply port is connected to the power source; at least one matching branch is provided between the reconfiguration port and the ground wire; The different on / off states of the multiple matching branches included in the antenna correspond to different antenna configurations; the radiation patterns of the antenna are different under different antenna configurations.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the matching branches is one of the following paths: through access; A path containing resistance; A path containing capacitance and / or inductance.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of reconstruction ports includes a first reconstruction port and a second reconstruction port; A first matching branch is provided between the first reconfiguration port and the ground wire; the first matching branch is a straight-through path, a path containing a resistor, a path containing a first capacitor, or a path containing a first inductor. A second matching branch and a third matching branch are provided in parallel between the second reconfiguration port and the ground wire; the second matching branch is a straight-through path, a path containing a resistor, a path containing a second capacitor, or a path containing a second inductor, and the third matching branch is a path containing a third capacitor and / or a path containing a third inductor.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The antenna also includes a switching circuit, which includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; The first switch is connected between the first matching branch and the ground wire; when the first switch is closed, the first matching branch is conductive. The second switch is connected between the second matching branch and the ground wire; when the second switch is closed, the second matching branch is conductive; The third switch is connected between the third matching branch and the ground wire; when the third switch is closed, the third matching branch is conductive.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third switch includes a first matching switch and a second matching switch; the third matching branch includes a first frequency-selective matching branch and a second frequency-selective matching branch, wherein the first frequency-selective matching branch is a path containing the third capacitor and the second frequency-selective matching branch is a path containing the third inductor. The first matching switch is connected between the first frequency selective matching branch and the ground wire; when the first matching switch is closed, the first frequency selective matching branch is turned on and the second matching switch is turned off. The second matching switch is connected between the second frequency selective matching branch and the ground wire; when the second matching switch is closed, the second frequency selective matching branch is turned on and the first matching switch is turned off.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The antenna operates in different frequency bands when the first matching switch is closed and when the second matching switch is closed.

7. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the first matching branch is on, the second matching branch is on, and the third matching branch is off, the antenna is an IFA antenna. When the first matching branch is disconnected, the second matching branch is disconnected, and the third matching branch is disconnected, the antenna type is a T-antenna; When the first matching branch is on, the second matching branch is off, and the third matching branch is on, the antenna is a combined antenna consisting of an IFA antenna and a parasitic antenna.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The antenna also includes a fourth matching branch connected between the feed port and the feed source; The fourth matching branch is used to tune the antenna parameters when the antenna is operating in the target frequency band.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The antenna operates in the mid-to-high frequency band and the ultra-high frequency band.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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