Anti-reflux control method, device, storage medium and program product

Abstract

This application provides an anti-backflow control method, device, storage medium, and program product, relating to the field of energy storage technology. The method includes: acquiring operational data of a photovoltaic-storage-charging station; determining whether the photovoltaic-storage-charging station has a backflow risk based on the operational data and a preset threshold; if so, determining a first target control command from a preset control command set based on the operational data, and performing anti-backflow control on the photovoltaic-storage-charging station based on the first target control command; if not, processing the operational data using a pre-trained multi-dimensional prediction model to determine the net power trend of the grid-connected point within a target time window; if the backflow risk is determined based on the net power trend, determining a second target control command based on the net power trend, and performing anti-backflow control on the photovoltaic-storage-charging station based on the second target control command. The above solution effectively improves the timeliness of the anti-backflow control response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an anti-backflow control method, device, storage medium and program product. Background Technology

[0002] Integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations are a new type of energy infrastructure that integrates photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and charging functions. They are widely used in urban charging stations, industrial parks, commercial centers, and residential communities. Because photovoltaic power generation is highly volatile due to weather conditions, system power balance is easily disrupted. When photovoltaic power generation does not match load demand or energy storage charging / discharging power, reverse current phenomena are likely to occur.

[0003] In existing technologies, most methods determine whether reverse current occurs by detecting the current direction at the grid connection point, and trigger a relay to disconnect the photovoltaic system from the grid when reverse current occurs, thus controlling the reverse current. However, this method suffers from response lag. In scenarios with drastic fluctuations in photovoltaic output and rapid load changes, this lag may cause short-term reverse current surges that impact the grid, affecting grid stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an anti-backflow control method, device, storage medium, and program product to reduce the response lag of anti-backflow control and improve power grid stability.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an anti-backflow control method, including:

[0006] Acquire operational data related to the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, including environmental data, energy data, load data, and grid data;

[0007] Based on the operational data and preset thresholds, determine whether the photovoltaic storage and charging station has a backflow risk;

[0008] If so, then a first target control instruction is determined from a preset control instruction set based on the operation-related data, and anti-reverse current control is performed on the optical storage and charging station based on the first target control instruction;

[0009] If not, the pre-trained multi-dimensional prediction model is used to process the operation-related data to determine the net power trend of the grid-connected points within the target time window.

[0010] If the net power trend tends to be negative within the target time window, and the rate of change of the net power trend is greater than a preset threshold, then it is determined that the optical storage and charging station has a backflow risk. Based on the net power trend, a second target control command is determined, and the optical storage and charging station is subjected to anti-backflow control based on the second target control command.

[0011] Based on the above method, when the real-time sampled operational data of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station touches the preset reverse current risk threshold, the intelligent control module can directly call the preset first target control instruction in memory for anti-reverse current control. This eliminates the need for complex reasoning and calculations, effectively improving the response speed of anti-reverse current control, thereby reducing the risk of reverse current and enhancing grid stability. Furthermore, when there is no reverse current risk, the collected data is used to predict the reverse current risk of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, generating a control strategy before a reverse current occurs. This generated control strategy is then used to prevent reverse current when it is predicted, further reducing the risk and enhancing grid stability. This scheme combines risk thresholds with model prediction, transforming the original "post-event response" mechanism into a "pre-event control" mechanism, significantly improving the initiative and foresight of reverse current prevention and effectively avoiding the impact of short-term reverse current on the grid.

[0012] In some embodiments, determining the second target control command based on the net power trend includes:

[0013] The power surplus value of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station is determined based on the net power trend and the preset safety threshold.

[0014] The second target control command is determined based on the power surplus value.

[0015] In some embodiments, determining the second target control command based on the power surplus value includes:

[0016] The adjustment power of the energy storage inverter is determined based on the power surplus value and the available power of the energy storage inverter.

[0017] Determine the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce based on its current output power;

[0018] Obtain the load identifiers that can be power-adjusted and the power adjustment ranges of each load, and determine the total boost power of the loads based on the load identifiers and the power adjustment ranges;

[0019] The second target control command is determined based on the adjusted power of the energy storage inverter, the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce, and the total boost power of the load.

[0020] In some embodiments, the anti-reverse current control of the optical storage and charging station based on the second target control command includes:

[0021] Based on the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter, a power adjustment command for the energy storage inverter is generated and sent to the energy storage inverter;

[0022] At the first target time, the net power trend of the grid connection point is reacquired. If it is determined from the net power trend that the photovoltaic-storage-charging station still has a reverse current risk, the power limiting command of the photovoltaic inverter is determined based on the net power trend and the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce.

[0023] A power limiting command is issued to the photovoltaic inverter.

[0024] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0025] Determine whether the output power that can be reduced is less than the power surplus value of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station. If so, determine the power boost command of the charging system based on the power surplus difference and the total boost power of the load, and simultaneously send the power boost command to the charging system.

[0026] or,

[0027] At the second target time, the net power trend of the grid connection point is reacquired. If it is determined from the net power trend that the photovoltaic storage and charging station still has a reverse current risk, the power boost command of the charging system is determined from the net power trend and the total boost power of the load.

[0028] The power boost command is issued to the charging system.

[0029] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0030] During off-peak hours, predict the total power generation of the photovoltaic inverter and the total power consumption of the load during the photovoltaic power generation period;

[0031] The charging target value of the energy storage system is determined based on the difference between the total power generation and the total power consumption.

[0032] The energy storage system is charged based on the target charging value.

[0033] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0034] In the event of an operational anomaly at the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, the station will be switched to a safe operating mode. The operational anomaly includes at least one of the following: abnormal operation of the energy storage inverter, failure of the weather sensor, and interruption of the data communication link.

[0035] The secure operating mode includes at least one of the following:

[0036] The output power of the photovoltaic array is limited to N% of the total load power.

[0037] When a reverse current occurs at the grid connection point, the energy storage inverter performs charging at its maximum rated power;

[0038] Increase the charging rate of the load.

[0039] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0040] After the photovoltaic-storage-charging station has been operating in the safe operating mode for the target time, if it is confirmed that there is still a risk of reverse current at the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, the circuit breaker at the grid connection point is controlled to turn off to disconnect the link between the photovoltaic-storage-charging station and the power grid.

[0041] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0042] With the energy storage system fully charged, the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is determined based on a preset safety factor and the total power of the load; the safety factor is less than 1.

[0043] Synchronously trigger auxiliary load operation.

[0044] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an anti-backflow control device, comprising:

[0045] The acquisition module is used to acquire operation-related data of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station, including environmental data, energy-side data, load-side data and grid-side data.

[0046] The determination module is used to determine whether the optical storage and charging station has a backflow risk based on the operation-related data and preset thresholds;

[0047] The first processing module is used to determine a first target control instruction from a preset control instruction set based on the operation-related data, and to perform anti-backflow control on the optical storage and charging station based on the first target control instruction;

[0048] The second processing module is used to process the operation-related data using a pre-trained multi-dimensional prediction model to determine the net power trend of the grid-connected points within the target time window.

[0049] The second processing module is further configured to determine a second target control command based on the net power trend if it is determined that the optical storage and charging station has a risk of reverse current based on the net power trend, and to perform anti-reverse current control on the optical storage and charging station based on the second target control command.

[0050] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a processor, a transceiver, and a memory; the processor is communicatively connected to both the transceiver and the memory.

[0051] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0052] The transceiver communicates and interacts with external devices.

[0053] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect as described above.

[0054] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0055] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0056] The anti-reverse current control method, device, storage medium, and program product provided in this application acquire operation-related data of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, including environmental data, energy-side data, load-side data, and grid-side data. Based on the operation-related data and preset thresholds, it determines whether the photovoltaic-storage-charging station has a reverse current risk. If so, it determines a first target control command from a preset control command set based on the operation-related data and performs anti-reverse current control on the photovoltaic-storage-charging station based on the first target control command. If not, it processes the operation-related data using a pre-trained multi-dimensional prediction model to determine the net power trend of the grid-connected point within a target time window. If it is determined that the photovoltaic-storage-charging station has a reverse current risk based on the net power trend, it determines a second target control command based on the net power trend and performs anti-reverse current control on the photovoltaic-storage-charging station based on the second target control command.

[0057] Based on the above method, when the real-time sampled operational data of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station touches the preset reverse current risk threshold, the intelligent control module can directly call the preset first target control instruction in memory for anti-reverse current control. This eliminates the need for complex reasoning and calculations, effectively improving the response speed of anti-reverse current control, thereby reducing the risk of reverse current and enhancing grid stability. Furthermore, when there is no reverse current risk, the collected data is used to predict the reverse current risk of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, generating a control strategy before a reverse current occurs. This generated control strategy is then used to prevent reverse current when it is predicted, further reducing the risk and enhancing grid stability. This scheme combines risk thresholds with model prediction, transforming the original "post-event response" mechanism into a "pre-event control" mechanism, significantly improving the initiative and foresight of reverse current prevention and effectively avoiding the impact of short-term reverse current on the grid. Attached Figure Description

[0058] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic energy storage and charging station provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating an anti-backflow control method provided in this embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0061] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating an anti-backflow control method provided in this embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0062] Figure 4 This is an interactive schematic diagram of an anti-backflow control method provided in this embodiment of the application;

[0063] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an anti-backflow control device provided in this application;

[0064] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0065] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0066] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0067] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect, without limiting their order. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that the terms "first" and "second" do not necessarily imply that they are different.

[0068] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0069] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated stations (referred to as photovoltaic-storage-charging stations) are a new type of energy station that integrates charging equipment, photovoltaic power generation equipment and energy storage systems. They are widely used in urban charging stations, industrial parks, commercial centers and residential communities.

[0070] Photovoltaic-storage-charging stations prioritize the use of photovoltaic power to power charging loads (such as new energy vehicles). Any surplus energy is stored in the energy storage system. As sunlight intensity changes, photovoltaic power generation decreases, and the previously stored energy comes into play, discharging to sustain the load and improve power efficiency. However, photovoltaic-storage-charging stations always face the problem of reverse current (electricity flowing back into the grid), which limits the stability of the entire system.

[0071] Currently, the anti-reverse current control technology for existing photovoltaic-storage-charging stations mainly relies on a single-dimensional current detection and power regulation strategy. For example, current transformers are used to monitor the current direction at the grid connection point in real time. When reverse current is detected, a relay is triggered to disconnect the photovoltaic system from the grid. However, this method has a response lag. In scenarios with drastic fluctuations in photovoltaic output and rapid load changes, this lag may cause short-term reverse current surges to impact the grid, affecting grid stability.

[0072] Furthermore, single current sensing or simple power regulation algorithms are insufficient for achieving precise control in complex operating conditions involving multiple energy sources such as photovoltaics, energy storage, and the power grid, as well as multiple loads such as charging piles and station loads. Moreover, existing technologies often focus on controlling a single photovoltaic or energy storage component, lacking a comprehensive coordination and millisecond-level dynamic balancing mechanism for power flow among multiple energy devices, including photovoltaics, energy storage, charging piles, and the power grid. This makes it difficult for the devices to respond quickly and accurately during power surges, easily leading to power imbalances.

[0073] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an anti-backflow control method, device, storage medium, and program product. Based on a multi-dimensional prediction model and multi-energy collaborative control, the active anti-backflow method constructs a real-time prediction model of photovoltaic power generation, load power, and energy storage. Before backflow occurs, it actively regulates the power interaction between photovoltaic, energy storage, load, and the power grid, achieving millisecond-level dynamic balance. This effectively reduces the response lag of anti-backflow control, thereby improving power grid stability.

[0074] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0075] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a system architecture for a photovoltaic energy storage and charging station provided in an embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, a photovoltaic-storage-charging station includes an energy storage system, a photovoltaic system, a charging system, monitoring equipment, and a control system.

[0076] The energy storage system includes energy storage batteries and energy storage inverters; the photovoltaic system includes photovoltaic arrays and photovoltaic inverters; the charging system includes multiple charging piles; the monitoring equipment includes voltage / current monitoring meters, power meters, electricity meters, etc.; and the control system includes data acquisition modules, predictive analysis modules, intelligent control modules, safety protection modules, and hardware switch modules.

[0077] The data acquisition module can obtain real-time data from various key points within the photovoltaic-storage-charging station monitored by the monitoring equipment. Examples include real-time DC voltage / current of the photovoltaic array, current conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter, real-time charging and discharging power of the energy storage inverter, state of charge of the energy storage battery, and power and voltage fluctuations at the grid connection point of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station. The data acquisition module can also acquire external meteorological data, such as real-time irradiance, ambient temperature, and cloud imagery.

[0078] After the data acquisition module obtains the above data, it can transmit the data to the predictive analysis module for processing. The predictive analysis module can input the prediction results and real-time data into the intelligent control module so that the intelligent control module can perform anti-reverse current control on the photovoltaic storage and charging station.

[0079] As the logical core of the system, the intelligent control module can run complex algorithms based on multi-dimensional prediction, generate and issue control commands in real time through the communication link, and dynamically coordinate the power ratio of photovoltaic inverters, energy storage inverters and charging piles.

[0080] The safety protection module is a hardware protection device with an independent physical entity, such as a safety-grade PLC or logic control board independent of the main control CPU. The safety protection module uses a minimalist hard logic circuit, monitoring only key indicators such as the current direction at the grid connection point. This ensures that even in extreme conditions where the intelligent control module fails, it can still drive the hardware switching module (such as the grid connection point circuit breaker) to physically disconnect from the power grid via an independent hard-wired signal, achieving ultimate safety protection against reverse current.

[0081] Below, in conjunction with Figure 2The anti-backflow control method provided in the embodiments of this application is described with the intelligent control module as the execution subject.

[0082] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an anti-backflow control method provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0083] S201. Obtain relevant operational data for the photovoltaic storage and charging station.

[0084] In some embodiments, the operational data includes environmental data, energy data, load data, and grid data.

[0085] Environmental data can include real-time irradiance, ambient temperature, cloud imagery data, and weather station data.

[0086] Energy-side data can include real-time DC voltage / current of the photovoltaic array, current conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter, real-time charging and discharging power of the energy storage inverter, and state of charge of the energy storage battery.

[0087] Load-side data may include the number of vehicles online at charging stations, the scheduled charging time and power demand for each charging station, and historical load characteristic curves for the same period.

[0088] Data from the grid side can include real-time active / reactive power at the grid connection point, grid voltage fluctuation rate, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments, the device can receive energy-side data and grid-side data sent by monitoring equipment, receive environmental-side data sent by external systems through communication with external systems, and obtain load-side data sent by the charging system through communication with the charging system.

[0090] S202. Based on relevant operational data and preset thresholds, determine whether there is a risk of backflow at the photovoltaic storage and charging station.

[0091] In some embodiments, if it is determined that there is a risk of backflow at the photovoltaic storage and charging station, the step shown in S203 can be performed; if it is determined that there is no risk of backflow at the photovoltaic storage and charging station, the step shown in S204 can be performed.

[0092] For example, if the power collected at the grid connection point is close to a preset threshold (such as -2kW), it can be determined that there is a risk of backflow in the photovoltaic storage and charging station.

[0093] If the difference between the photovoltaic power generation and the total load power (load demand power) is greater than the preset difference (e.g., 20kW), it can be determined that there is a risk of reverse current in the photovoltaic-storage-charging station.

[0094] If the voltage at the grid connection point is greater than the safe voltage, it can be determined that there is a risk of reverse current at the photovoltaic-storage-charging station.

[0095] S203. Determine the first target control command from the preset control command set based on the relevant operation data, and perform anti-backflow control on the photovoltaic storage and charging station based on the first target control command.

[0096] In some embodiments, when it is determined that there is a risk of reverse flow at the photovoltaic storage and charging station, the corresponding first target control instruction can be found from the control instruction set based on the mapping relationship between instructions and operation-related data.

[0097] For example, if the relevant operating data indicates that the power of the grid connection point is close to a preset threshold, the corresponding first target control command may include one or more control commands for the energy storage system, charging system, and photovoltaic system. For instance, switching the operating mode of the energy storage system to charging mode, increasing the charging power of the energy storage system, increasing the charging power of the charging system (charging pile), or reducing the output power of the photovoltaic system, etc.

[0098] For example, if the difference between the power generated by the photovoltaic system and the total power of the load is greater than a preset difference, the corresponding first target control command can control the energy storage system to charge, and reduce the output power of the photovoltaic system, etc.

[0099] For example, if the relevant operating data indicates that the voltage at the grid connection point is greater than the safe voltage, the corresponding first target control command could be to reduce the output power of the photovoltaic system or increase the charging power of the energy storage system.

[0100] In some embodiments, after obtaining the first target control instruction, the intelligent control module sends the first target control instruction to the corresponding unit (such as the controller of the energy storage system) to execute the first target control instruction.

[0101] When the intelligent control module communicates with other systems within the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station, it can use real-time industrial Ethernet (such as EtherCAT or PROFINET) for communication.

[0102] In this way, when the real-time sampled operation-related data of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station touches the preset reverse current risk threshold, the intelligent control module can directly call the preset first target control instruction in memory to perform anti-reverse current control without complex reasoning calculations, effectively improving the response speed of anti-reverse current control, thereby reducing the risk of reverse current and improving the stability of the power grid.

[0103] S204. Use a pre-trained multi-dimensional prediction model to process the relevant operational data and determine the net power trend of the grid-connected points within the target time window.

[0104] In some embodiments, net power may refer to the power of electricity flowing from the photovoltaic-storage-charging station to the grid or from the grid to the photovoltaic-storage-charging station at the grid connection point.

[0105] The net power value can be positive, negative, or zero, and is used to represent the operating status of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station and its interaction with the power grid.

[0106] For example, a negative net power value indicates that the total power generation of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station exceeds its total power consumption, resulting in surplus electricity. This surplus electricity is then fed back to the grid through the grid connection point. A positive net power value indicates that the total power consumption of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station exceeds its total power generation, resulting in a power shortage. This shortage is then drawn from the public grid through the grid connection point. When the net power is approximately zero, the power generation and consumption of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station are basically balanced in real time, with minimal power exchange with the grid, approaching a state of "self-generation and self-consumption, immediate use upon generation."

[0107] In some embodiments, the multidimensional prediction model can be built on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs).

[0108] After inputting relevant operational data into a multidimensional prediction model, the model can preprocess the data (e.g., cleaning, outlier handling, normalization) and extract the spatiotemporal features of each preprocessed data point. Then, the spatiotemporal features of each data point are aligned and fused. For example, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be used to process data with spatial distribution characteristics (such as cloud maps or the distribution of photovoltaic arrays), while long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) can be used to process time-series data (such as historical power curves or time series environmental data).

[0109] After obtaining the fused spatiotemporal characteristics, the model can predict the photovoltaic power generation, load power consumption, and energy storage charging and discharging power within future time windows. For example: photovoltaic power generation can be predicted based on environmental characteristics (irradiance, temperature, etc.) and photovoltaic array characteristics (such as DC voltage / current, inverter efficiency). The load power of charging piles within future time windows can be predicted based on real-time data of charging piles (number of online vehicles, scheduled charging time) and historical load characteristic curves for the same period. The charging and discharging power of energy storage can be predicted based on the current SOC of the energy storage, charging and discharging strategies (such as peak shaving and valley filling, smoothing output, etc.), and predictions of future photovoltaic power generation and load.

[0110] Then, a balance calculation is performed based on the predicted photovoltaic power generation, load power consumption, and energy storage charging and discharging power to obtain the net power trend of the grid-connected point within the target time window.

[0111] The net power trend of the grid-connected points within the target time window can be a time series value. For example, the net power value every 30 seconds over the next 5 minutes.

[0112] S205. When it is determined that there is a risk of reverse current in the photovoltaic storage and charging station based on the net power trend, a second target control command is determined based on the net power trend, and the photovoltaic storage and charging station is subjected to anti-reverse current control based on the second target control command.

[0113] In some embodiments, after obtaining the net power trend, if the net power trend meets preset conditions, it can be determined that there is a backflow risk in the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station.

[0114] For example, if the net power trend tends to be negative within the target time window and the rate of change of the net power trend is greater than a preset threshold, then it is determined that there is a backflow risk in the photovoltaic storage and charging station.

[0115] For example, if the net power value gradually decreases and turns from positive to negative within the predicted 5 minutes, and the rate of change (slope) of the net power trend is greater than a preset threshold (such as -50 kW / s), then it is determined that the photovoltaic-storage-charging station has a reverse current risk, that is, the photovoltaic-storage-charging station is in a quasi-reverse current state.

[0116] When it is determined that there is a reverse current risk in the photovoltaic storage and charging station, the power surplus value of the photovoltaic storage and charging station can be determined based on the net power trend and the preset safety threshold, and the second target control command can be determined according to the power surplus value.

[0117] Among them, the power surplus value can refer to the excess power generated by the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station (which is not consumed by the load).

[0118] In some embodiments, the power surplus value can be the sum of the negative values ​​of each net power value in the net power trend and a preset safety threshold.

[0119] For example, in the net power trend, if the net power at time A is -40kW and the safety threshold is 5kW, then the power surplus at time A is 45kW (|-40|+5). It should be understood that reverse flow only occurs when the net power value is negative.

[0120] Once the moment when a reverse current event is predicted to occur, and the power surplus value at that moment, reverse current control can be implemented on the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station based on the power surplus value at that moment. This allows each system in the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station to absorb the power surplus value, thereby reducing the risk of reverse current.

[0121] For example, if a reverse current is predicted to occur in 2 minutes, corresponding to a power surplus of 45kW, a charging power increase command (e.g., increase by 45kW) can be sent to the energy storage inverter. This utilizes the "power throughput" characteristic of the energy storage system to offset the power surplus, thereby preventing the reverse current. Alternatively, a command can be sent to the photovoltaic inverter to reduce its output power (e.g., reduce by 45kW), thereby reducing the power generation of the photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station to offset the power surplus and prevent the reverse current. And / or, a command can be sent to the charging system to increase its charging power, utilizing the load to consume the excess power surplus and prevent the reverse current.

[0122] The anti-reverse current control method provided in this application acquires operation-related data of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, including environmental data, energy-side data, load-side data, and grid-side data. Based on the operation-related data and preset thresholds, it determines whether the photovoltaic-storage-charging station has a reverse current risk. If so, it determines a first target control command from a preset control command set based on the operation-related data and performs anti-reverse current control on the photovoltaic-storage-charging station based on the first target control command. If not, it processes the operation-related data using a pre-trained multi-dimensional prediction model to determine the net power trend of the grid-connected point within a target time window. If it is determined that the photovoltaic-storage-charging station has a reverse current risk based on the net power trend, it determines a second target control command based on the net power trend and performs anti-reverse current control on the photovoltaic-storage-charging station based on the second target control command. When the above scheme determines that there is a risk of reverse current at the photovoltaic-storage-charging station based on the collected data, it directly calls the corresponding control command to carry out anti-reverse current control. When there is no risk of reverse current, it uses the collected data to predict the risk of reverse current at the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, so as to generate a control strategy before the reverse current occurs. This changes the original "post-event response" mechanism to an "ex-event control" mechanism, which significantly improves the initiative and foresight of anti-reverse current and effectively avoids the impact of short-term reverse current on the power grid.

[0123] Below, in Figure 2 Based on the illustrated embodiments, combined with Figure 3 The process of determining the second target control command based on the net power trend and performing anti-reverse current control on the photovoltaic storage and charging station based on the second target control command is further explained.

[0124] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating an anti-backflow control method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ,like Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0125] S301. Determine the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter based on the power surplus value and the available power of the energy storage inverter.

[0126] In some embodiments, the available power of an energy storage inverter may refer to the charging power that the energy storage inverter can further increase or enhance.

[0127] For example, if the current charging power of the energy storage inverter is 90kW and its maximum charging power is 200kW, then the usable power of the energy storage inverter is 110kW. When the power surplus is 45kW, since the usable power of the energy storage inverter is greater than the power surplus, the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter can be set to 45kW.

[0128] If the available power of the energy storage inverter is 30kW, since the available power of the energy storage inverter is less than the power surplus value, the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter can be set to 30kW.

[0129] S302. Determine the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce based on the current output power of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0130] For example, if the current output power of a photovoltaic inverter is 150kW and the minimum output power of the photovoltaic inverter is 100kW (hardware limitation), then the maximum output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce is 50kW (150kW - 100kW).

[0131] S303. Obtain the load identifiers and power adjustment ranges of each load that can be power adjusted, and determine the total boost power of the loads based on the load identifiers and power adjustment ranges.

[0132] For example, the intelligent module can communicate with vehicles in the charging system to obtain the maximum allowed charging power of each vehicle, and based on the current charging power of each vehicle, determine the vehicle identifiers that can have their power adjusted and the range within which each vehicle can increase its charging power. For example, the vehicle identifiers that can have their power adjusted and their corresponding power ranges are (Vehicle 1, +5kW, Vehicle 3, +10kW).

[0133] After identifying the vehicle identifiers and corresponding power ranges that can be adjusted for power, the power ranges of each vehicle can be summed to obtain the total boost power of the load. For example, the total boost power of the load is 15kW.

[0134] S304. Based on the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter, generate the power adjustment command for the energy storage inverter and send the power adjustment command to the energy storage inverter.

[0135] In some embodiments, after obtaining the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter, the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce, and the total boost power of the load, a power adjustment command for the energy storage inverter can be generated based on the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter and the current state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery, and the power adjustment command can be sent to the energy storage inverter.

[0136] For example, if the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter is 45kW (consistent with the power surplus value), and the SOC rechargeable capacity of the energy storage battery is greater than the power surplus value (i.e., the energy storage capacity is sufficient), the power adjustment command of the energy storage inverter can be to increase the power of the energy storage inverter by 45kW so that the energy storage battery can absorb the surplus power.

[0137] When the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter is 45kW, and the SOC rechargeable capacity of the energy storage battery (e.g., 30kW) is less than the power surplus (i.e., insufficient energy storage capacity), the power adjustment command of the energy storage inverter can be to increase the power of the energy storage inverter by 30kW.

[0138] Optionally, when the power increase command of the energy storage inverter, as indicated by the power adjustment command, is less than the power surplus value, a power limitation command for the photovoltaic inverter can be generated based on the difference (power surplus difference). For example, if the power surplus value is 45kW and the power adjustment command of the energy storage inverter is to increase the power of the energy storage inverter by 30kW, then the power surplus difference is 15kW, and the output power of the photovoltaic inverter can be reduced by 15kW.

[0139] S305. At the first target moment, reacquire the net power trend of the grid connection point. If it is determined from the net power trend that the photovoltaic-storage-charging station still has a reverse current risk, determine the power limit command of the photovoltaic inverter based on the net power trend and the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce.

[0140] In some embodiments, after a control command is sent to the energy storage inverter, after a preset time (e.g., 30 seconds), the monitoring instrument controlling the grid connection point power can use high-frequency AC sampling technology to reacquire the net power trend of the grid connection point, and determine the power surplus value at the moment when the reverse current risk occurs when the photovoltaic-storage-charging station is determined based on the net power trend.

[0141] It should be understood that the method for determining the power surplus value in this step is similar to the implementation method in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0142] After determining the power surplus value, the power limiting command of the photovoltaic inverter can be determined based on the power surplus value and the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce.

[0143] For example, if the power surplus is 50kW and the maximum output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce is 100kW, the power limiting command for the photovoltaic inverter can be to reduce the output power of the photovoltaic inverter by 50kW.

[0144] S306: Issue a power limiting command to the photovoltaic inverter.

[0145] In some embodiments, the intelligent control module can send power limiting commands to the control unit of the photovoltaic inverter via the industrial Ethernet protocol. After receiving the power limiting command, the control unit of the photovoltaic inverter can use an algorithm to offset its maximum power point tracking (MPPT) operating point, reduce the DC voltage or current, and thus accurately control the AC side output power below the set value.

[0146] Optionally, when determining the power limiting command of the photovoltaic inverter, it can also be determined whether the output power that can be reduced is less than the power surplus value of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station. If so, the power boost command of the charging system is determined based on the power surplus difference and the total boost power of the load, and the power boost command is sent to the charging system simultaneously.

[0147] For example, if the power surplus is 50kW and the maximum output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce is 40kW, the power surplus difference is 10kW. If the total boost power of the load is 15kW, then the power boost command of the charging system is to increase the total boost power of the load by 10kW.

[0148] When issuing a power boost command to the charging system, the boostable power can be allocated proportionally or sequentially based on the boostable power range of each load. For example, a 3kW boost can be allocated to vehicle 1, and a 7kW boost can be allocated to vehicle 2.

[0149] S307. At the second target time, reacquire the net power trend of the grid connection point. If it is determined from the net power trend that the photovoltaic-storage-charging station still has a reverse current risk, determine the power boost command of the charging system based on the net power trend and the total boost power of the load.

[0150] In some embodiments, after a control command is sent to the photovoltaic inverter, after a preset time (e.g., 30 seconds), the monitoring instrument that controls the power of the grid connection point can use high-frequency AC sampling technology to reacquire the net power trend of the grid connection point, and determine the power surplus value at the moment when the photovoltaic-storage-charging station still has a reverse current risk based on the net power trend.

[0151] It should be understood that the method for determining the power surplus value in this step is similar to the implementation method in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0152] After determining the power surplus value, the power boost command of the charging system can be determined based on the power surplus value and the total boost power of the load.

[0153] For example, if the power surplus is 10kW and the maximum output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce is 15kW, then the power boost command of the charging system is to increase the total boost power of the load by 10kW.

[0154] S308: Send a power boost command to the charging system.

[0155] In some embodiments, when the control module issues a power boost command to the charging system, it can allocate the boostable power proportionally or sequentially based on the boostable power range of each load. For example, a 3kW boost can be allocated to vehicle 1, and a 7kW boost can be allocated to vehicle 2.

[0156] Optionally, when allocating power boosts, priority can be given to boosting the power of vehicles in the "constant current charging phase" with low battery state of charge (SOC). Since this type of load has the strongest tolerance and absorption capacity for power fluctuations, prioritizing the power boosting of this type of load can ensure the stability of power regulation.

[0157] It should be understood that the above power adjustment can be a cycle-based rolling adjustment. That is, after completing one round of multi-level adjustment, after a preset cycle, it enters the next round of rolling adjustment.

[0158] Optionally, when issuing control commands to multiple devices (such as energy storage inverters and photovoltaic inverters) simultaneously, control frames with synchronization timestamps can be sent to multiple devices. This ensures that each device performs power regulation actions at the same time based on a unified clock reference, avoiding secondary power oscillations and reverse current caused by different execution sequences of the devices.

[0159] The anti-backflow control method provided in this application prioritizes the use of the most flexible energy storage resources within the station, followed by adjusting the power generation resources, and finally mobilizing load resources. Furthermore, with each instruction issued, predictions and calculations are recalculated based on new actual data, forming a millisecond-level closed loop of "sensing-prediction-decision-execution-re-sensing," ensuring the accuracy and robustness of regulation. This effectively improves the real-time response capability and control precision in multi-energy device collaborative scenarios. By leveraging the power interaction between load, photovoltaic, grid, and energy storage, a millisecond-level control strategy is ultimately achieved, thereby solving the problem of insufficient coordination in existing technologies under load conditions. This ensures a dynamic balance between load power consumption, energy storage charging power, and photovoltaic power generation, ultimately fundamentally resolving the backflow phenomenon caused by power imbalance.

[0160] In some embodiments, the anti-backflow control method provided in this application can also optimize the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage system to reduce the risk of backflow caused by the imbalance of energy storage charging and discharging power.

[0161] For example, during off-peak hours, the total power generation of the photovoltaic inverter and the total power consumption of the load are predicted during the photovoltaic power generation period; the charging target value of the energy storage system is determined based on the difference between the total power generation and the total power consumption; and the energy storage system is charged based on the charging target value.

[0162] Among them, off-peak electricity hours can refer to periods when electricity prices are lower, such as nighttime hours.

[0163] For example, a multi-dimensional model can be used to predict the total power generation P1 of the photovoltaic inverter during a photovoltaic power generation period (such as daytime), and the total power consumption P2 of the load during the same period. Based on the difference between P1 and P2, and the maximum allowable SOC of the energy storage battery, the reserve capacity of the energy storage battery can be determined, thereby determining the charging target value of the energy storage system.

[0164] For example, the reservable capacity space = (P1 - P2) / (SOC) C). Where SOC is the maximum allowable SOC of the energy storage battery, and C is the total capacity of the energy storage battery.

[0165] Based on the aforementioned reserved capacity space (e.g., 20%) and the maximum allowable SOC of the energy storage battery (e.g., 95%), the charging target value of the energy storage system can be determined to be 75%.

[0166] By reserving charging space for the energy storage system, a precise "absorption gap" can be created to accommodate midday photovoltaic fluctuations. When photovoltaic power generation surges during the day, if the energy storage is already fully charged, the excess electricity cannot be absorbed and will be forced to flow back to the grid, creating a backflow. However, if the energy storage has reserved space, it will absorb the excess photovoltaic power, preventing backflow from occurring at the source. During peak electricity prices, the load first draws power from the energy storage to stabilize the power balance within the station. When photovoltaic power is insufficient to support the load, directly supplementing with grid power can lead to backflow if the load power suddenly decreases or photovoltaic power suddenly increases. By prioritizing energy storage for supplementation, backflow caused by interaction with the grid can be reduced.

[0167] It should be understood that the aforementioned target charging value for the energy storage system can be continuously updated. For example, the target charging value for the energy storage system can be updated every 15 minutes to ensure that the reserved space can fully absorb excess photovoltaic power (without generating reverse current) without causing insufficient storage of low-cost electricity due to excessive reservation.

[0168] In some embodiments, to further enhance the operational safety of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, the integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging system will switch to a safety mode when abnormal operation of the energy storage inverter, failure of the weather sensor, or interruption of the data communication link is detected. This safety mode limits the photovoltaic power generation to the range required by the load, preventing reverse current due to equipment failure, thereby improving the reliability of the entire system.

[0169] For example, in the event of an operational anomaly at the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, the station is controlled to switch to a safe operating mode; the operational anomaly includes at least one of the following: abnormal operation of the energy storage inverter, failure of the weather sensor, and interruption of the data communication link.

[0170] The safe operating modes include at least one of the following:

[0171] The output power of the photovoltaic array is limited to N of the total load power.

[0172] When a reverse current occurs at the grid connection point, the energy storage inverter performs charging at its maximum rated power.

[0173] Increase the charging rate of the load.

[0174] For example, when the energy storage inverter experiences overvoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, or protection actions, and / or when key meteorological sensors (irradiance, temperature) fail or data timeouts, and / or when the internal key data communication link is interrupted for more than a set threshold, the photovoltaic-storage-charging station will automatically trigger a safe operation mode.

[0175] In safe operation mode, the output power of the photovoltaic array is forcibly limited to N% (e.g., 80%) of the current measured total load power, reserving some safety margin to ensure that the photovoltaic output will not exceed the station's absorption capacity under any instantaneous fluctuations.

[0176] The energy storage converter switches to independent control logic based on local signals. The grid connection point current signal is collected in real time by local equipment. Once a reverse current trend is detected at the grid connection point, charging is immediately started at the maximum rated power to act as a physical buffer to absorb surplus energy and quickly offset the reverse current.

[0177] Send a speed-up command in safe mode to the connected smart charging station. Within the limits allowed by the vehicle battery and the charging station, slightly increase the charging current, using the electric vehicle battery as a temporary supplementary energy consumption unit to reduce energy waste caused by directly shutting down the photovoltaic system.

[0178] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 After the target duration of the safe mode operation (e.g., 50ms), if the power determination based on the grid connection point fails to eliminate the risk of reverse flow, the safety protection module will send a trip command directly to the circuit breaker at the grid connection point via hard-wired, physically cutting off the link between the energy storage and charging station and the power grid, ensuring the absolute safety of the power grid under the extreme condition of "total system paralysis".

[0179] In some embodiments, this application also constructs a dual protection mechanism of "dynamic negative offset matching + redundant physical truncation" for extreme scenarios where the energy storage is fully charged and the photovoltaic output is large, to ensure that no reverse current is generated under any power fluctuation.

[0180] For example, when the energy storage system is fully charged, the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is determined based on a preset safety factor and the total power of the load; the safety factor is less than 1; and the auxiliary load is triggered to run synchronously.

[0181] For example, the intelligent control module can determine that there is a millisecond-level instantaneous deviation between photovoltaic output and load demand during physical execution, and therefore adopts "active negative offset control" instead of idealized absolute equal-value matching.

[0182] When the energy storage is fully charged, the power limit P sent by the intelligent control module to the photovoltaic inverter can satisfy the following formula:

[0183] P=P load (1-θ)

[0184] Where θ is a preset safety factor (e.g., 5%-10%), P load This represents the power required by the load.

[0185] By employing this "proactive margin" strategy, the photovoltaic output is always slightly lower than the load demand, and the resulting small power gap is made up by a very small amount from the grid side. This "one-way approximation" logic mathematically avoids the possibility of reverse current induced by power overshoot.

[0186] Meanwhile, for scenarios where photovoltaic power output far exceeds load demand, the following tiered processing can be implemented:

[0187] First stage: By adjusting the duty cycle of the power transistors inside the inverter, the photovoltaic array is forced out of the maximum power point (MPPT). Even under high-power conditions with strong sunlight, the output power can be reduced to the load matching range.

[0188] Level 2: There is a hardware response delay in the photovoltaic power voltage drop. The system synchronously triggers the auxiliary loads in the station (such as heat dissipation system, lighting or charging piles with adjustment capabilities) to increase power consumption for a short time, using the "instantaneous rise" at the load end to offset the "power waste heat" at the photovoltaic end.

[0189] In some embodiments, if the above software control fails to match due to abnormal inverter hardware response, the system will trigger physical-level dual protection.

[0190] The trigger condition for physical-level dual protection is: when the grid connection point detects a reverse current exceeding the threshold (e.g., 1A) and the duration exceeds 30ms.

[0191] The corresponding action is to immediately issue a command to the dedicated circuit breaker for the internet access channel to perform a forced shutdown.

[0192] Optionally, after the shutdown is executed, the photovoltaic-storage-charging station enters a safety lockout state until the self-test confirms that the photovoltaic power has dropped below the safety threshold before it can reapply for grid connection.

[0193] The above combination of "regulation + cutoff" logic completely solves the risk of runaway of high-power photovoltaic power under full-charge conditions of existing technologies.

[0194] refer to Figure 4The anti-reverse current control method provided in this application first acquires real-time data such as photovoltaic power generation, load power, energy storage SOC, and grid parameters through a data acquisition module. This data is then fed into a multi-dimensional prediction model for analysis to predict short-term power trends. The prediction results serve as input to an intelligent control module, which, according to a preset strategy, issues control commands to devices such as the photovoltaic inverter, energy storage converter (PCS), and charging piles to achieve dynamic power adjustment. Simultaneously, it continuously monitors its own operating status. If an anomaly or fault is detected, a safety protection module is activated, forcibly limiting photovoltaic power and triggering a hardware switch to ultimately disconnect the grid connection, ensuring anti-reverse current safety in extreme situations. Furthermore, an intelligent energy storage buffer strategy optimizes the charging and discharging behavior of the energy storage based on electricity price information and prediction data, further improving system efficiency and anti-reverse current capabilities. The entire process forms a closed loop, ensuring that the power at the grid connection point is always under control, effectively preventing reverse current.

[0195] In summary, the anti-reverse current control method provided in this application, by constructing a multi-dimensional prediction model, achieves accurate prediction of load power, photovoltaic power generation, and energy storage SOC state, and regulates the system before reverse current occurs, solving the problem of delayed response in traditional anti-reverse current technologies. Simultaneously, this proposal also focuses on improving the real-time response speed and control precision in multi-energy device collaborative scenarios, ensuring millisecond-level control between devices, fundamentally solving the problem of current reverse current caused by power imbalance. Furthermore, by optimizing energy storage charging and discharging strategies, constructing fault-tolerant mechanisms, and optimizing the power regulation mechanisms of photovoltaic power generation, load, and energy storage systems, the reliability of the anti-reverse current function of the integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station is further improved, providing strong technical support for the development of new energy.

[0196] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides an anti-backflow control device.

[0197] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an anti-backflow control device 50 provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, it includes:

[0198] The acquisition module 501 is used to acquire operation-related data of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, including environmental data, energy data, load data and grid data.

[0199] The determination module 502 is used to determine whether there is a backflow risk at the photovoltaic storage and charging station based on relevant operational data and preset thresholds.

[0200] The first processing module 503 is used to determine the first target control command from the preset control command set according to the operation-related data, and to perform anti-backflow control on the optical storage and charging station based on the first target control command;

[0201] The second processing module 504 is used to process the operation-related data using a pre-trained multi-dimensional prediction model to determine the net power trend of the grid-connected point within the target time window; if it is determined that there is a reverse current risk in the photovoltaic storage and charging station based on the net power trend, then a second target control command is determined based on the net power trend, and the photovoltaic storage and charging station is subjected to anti-reverse current control based on the second target control command.

[0202] In some embodiments, the second processing module 504 is further configured to determine that there is a reverse current risk in the photovoltaic storage and charging station if the net power trend tends to be negative within the target time window and the rate of change of the net power trend is greater than a preset threshold; in the case that there is a reverse current risk in the photovoltaic storage and charging station, determine the power surplus value of the photovoltaic storage and charging station according to the net power trend and the preset safety threshold; and determine the second target control command according to the power surplus value.

[0203] In some embodiments, the second processing module 504 is further configured to: determine the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter based on the power surplus value and the available power of the energy storage inverter; determine the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce based on the current output power of the photovoltaic inverter; obtain the load identifiers that can be power regulated and the power regulation range of each load; determine the total boost power of the load based on the load identifiers and the power regulation ranges; and determine the second target control command based on the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter, the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce, and the total boost power of the load.

[0204] In some embodiments, the second processing module 504 is further configured to generate a power adjustment command for the energy storage inverter based on the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter, and issue the power adjustment command to the energy storage inverter; at the first target time, reacquire the net power trend of the grid connection point; if it is determined based on the net power trend that the photovoltaic-storage-charging station still has a reverse current risk, determine the power limiting command for the photovoltaic inverter based on the net power trend and the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce; and issue the power limiting command to the photovoltaic inverter.

[0205] In some embodiments, the second processing module 504 is further configured to determine whether the output power that can be reduced is less than the power surplus value of the photovoltaic-storage-charging station. If so, it determines the power boosting command of the charging system based on the power surplus difference and the total boosting power of the load, and simultaneously issues the power boosting command to the charging system; or, at the second target time, it reacquires the net power trend of the grid connection point. If it is determined based on the net power trend that the photovoltaic-storage-charging station still has a reverse current risk, it determines the power boosting command of the charging system based on the net power trend and the total boosting power of the load, and issues the power boosting command to the charging system.

[0206] In some embodiments, the second processing module 504 is further configured to predict, during off-peak hours, the total power generation of the photovoltaic inverter and the total power consumption of the load during the photovoltaic power generation period; determine the charging target value of the energy storage system based on the difference between the total power generation and the total power consumption; and charge the energy storage system based on the charging target value.

[0207] In some embodiments, the second processing module 504 is further configured to control the photovoltaic energy storage charging station to switch to a safe operation mode in the event of an operational anomaly at the photovoltaic energy storage charging station; the operational anomaly includes at least one of the following: abnormal operation of the energy storage inverter, failure of the weather sensor, and interruption of the data communication link; the safe operation mode includes at least one of the following: limiting the output power of the photovoltaic array to N% of the total load power; when a reverse current occurs at the grid connection point, the energy storage inverter performs charging at the maximum rated power; and increasing the charging rate of the load.

[0208] In some embodiments, the second processing module 504 is further configured to, after the photovoltaic-storage-charging station has been running in a safe operating mode for a target time, if it is confirmed that there is still a risk of reverse current in the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, control the circuit breaker at the grid connection point to turn off, so as to disconnect the link between the photovoltaic-storage-charging station and the power grid.

[0209] In some embodiments, the second processing module 504 is further configured to determine the output power of the photovoltaic inverter based on a preset safety factor and the total power of the load when the energy storage system is fully charged; the safety factor is less than 1; and synchronously trigger the operation of the auxiliary load.

[0210] The anti-backflow control device provided in this embodiment can execute the method provided in any of the above embodiments of the anti-backflow control method. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described in detail here.

[0211] This application also provides an electronic device.

[0212] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device 60 provided in the embodiments of this application. The electronic device 60 can be a sleep / wake-up unit as shown in any of the above embodiments, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device may include: a transceiver 601, a processor 602, and a memory 603.

[0213] The processor 602 executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor 602 to perform the scheme in the above embodiments. The processor 602 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0214] The memory 603 is connected to the processor 602 via the system bus and completes communication between them. The memory 603 is used to store computer program instructions.

[0215] Transceiver 601 can perform the functions of receiving and sending data and instructions.

[0216] Optionally, the electronic device 60 may also include a communication interface for communicating and interacting with external or internal devices, such as client devices (e.g., mobile phones, tablets). In specific implementations, if the communication interface, memory 603, and processor 602 are implemented independently, they can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication with each other.

[0217] The system bus can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The system bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not indicate that there is only one bus or one type of bus. Transceivers are used to enable communication between database access devices and other computers (e.g., clients, read-write libraries, and read-only libraries). Memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory.

[0218] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the communication interface, memory 603, and processor 602 are integrated on a single chip, then the communication interface, memory 603, and processor 602 can communicate through an internal interface.

[0219] This application also provides a chip for executing instructions, which is used to execute the technical solutions in the above embodiments.

[0220] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the technical solutions of the above embodiments. The implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0221] In one possible implementation, a computer-readable medium may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), compact discread-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium targeted to carry or to store the required program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. As used herein, disks and optical discs include optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical discs optically reproduce data using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0222] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the technical solutions of the above embodiments. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0223] In the specific implementation of the aforementioned terminal device or server, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as execution by a hardware processor, or execution by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0224] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in any of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware associated with program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, all or part of the steps in the above method embodiments are performed.

[0225] If the technical solution of this application is implemented in software form and sold or used as a product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the technical solution of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes a computer program or several instructions. This computer software product enables a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, network device, or similar electronic device) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0226] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0227] It should be further noted that although the steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0228] It should be understood that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, and the device of this application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of units / modules in the above embodiments is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units, modules, or components may be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0229] Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the functional units / modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one unit / module, or each unit / module can exist physically separately, or two or more units / modules can be integrated together. The integrated units / modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software program modules.

[0230] When integrated units / modules are implemented in hardware, the hardware can be digital circuits, analog circuits, etc. The physical implementation of the hardware structure includes, but is not limited to, transistors, memristors, etc. Unless otherwise specified, the processor can be any suitable hardware processor, such as a CPU, GPU, FPGA, DSP, and ASIC, etc. Unless otherwise specified, the storage unit can be any suitable magnetic or magneto-optical storage medium, such as Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Enhanced Dynamic Random Access Memory (EDRAM), High-Bandwidth Memory (HBM), Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC), etc.

[0231] If the integrated unit / module is implemented as a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage device (CMD). Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned memory includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drive, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0232] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0233] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preventing backflow control, characterized in that, include: Acquire operational data related to the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, including environmental data, energy data, load data, and grid data; Based on the operational data and preset thresholds, determine whether the photovoltaic storage and charging station has a backflow risk; If so, then a first target control instruction is determined from a preset control instruction set based on the operation-related data, and anti-reverse current control is performed on the optical storage and charging station based on the first target control instruction; If not, the pre-trained multi-dimensional prediction model is used to process the operation-related data to determine the net power trend of the grid-connected points within the target time window. If the net power trend tends to be negative within the target time window, and the rate of change of the net power trend is greater than a preset threshold, then it is determined that the optical storage and charging station has a backflow risk. Based on the net power trend, a second target control command is determined, and the optical storage and charging station is subjected to anti-backflow control based on the second target control command.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the second target control command based on the net power trend includes: The power surplus value of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station is determined based on the net power trend and the preset safety threshold. The second target control command is determined based on the power surplus value.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the second target control command based on the power surplus value includes: The adjustment power of the energy storage inverter is determined based on the power surplus value and the available power of the energy storage inverter. Determine the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce based on its current output power; Obtain the load identifiers that can be power-adjusted and the power adjustment ranges of each load, and determine the total boost power of the loads based on the load identifiers and the power adjustment ranges; The second target control command is determined based on the adjusted power of the energy storage inverter, the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce, and the total boost power of the load.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The backflow prevention control of the optical storage and charging station based on the second target control command includes: Based on the adjustment power of the energy storage inverter, a power adjustment command for the energy storage inverter is generated and sent to the energy storage inverter; At the first target time, the net power trend of the grid connection point is reacquired. If it is determined from the net power trend that the photovoltaic-storage-charging station still has a reverse current risk, the power limiting command of the photovoltaic inverter is determined based on the net power trend and the upper limit of the output power that the photovoltaic inverter can reduce. A power limiting command is issued to the photovoltaic inverter.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine whether the output power that can be reduced is less than the power surplus value of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging station. If so, determine the power boost command of the charging system based on the power surplus difference and the total boost power of the load, and simultaneously send the power boost command to the charging system. or, At the second target time, the net power trend of the grid connection point is reacquired. If it is determined from the net power trend that the photovoltaic storage and charging station still has a reverse current risk, the power boost command of the charging system is determined from the net power trend and the total boost power of the load. The power boost command is issued to the charging system.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method further includes: During off-peak hours, predict the total power generation of the photovoltaic inverter and the total power consumption of the load during the photovoltaic power generation period; The charging target value of the energy storage system is determined based on the difference between the total power generation and the total power consumption. The energy storage system is charged based on the target charging value.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method further includes: In the event of an operational anomaly at the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, the station will be switched to a safe operating mode. The operational anomaly includes at least one of the following: abnormal operation of the energy storage inverter, failure of the weather sensor, and interruption of the data communication link. The secure operating mode includes at least one of the following: Limit the output power of the photovoltaic array to N% of the total load power. When a reverse current occurs at the grid connection point, the energy storage inverter performs charging at its maximum rated power; Increase the charging rate of the load.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the photovoltaic-storage-charging station has been operating in the safe operating mode for the target time, if it is confirmed that there is still a risk of reverse current at the photovoltaic-storage-charging station, the circuit breaker at the grid connection point is controlled to turn off to disconnect the link between the photovoltaic-storage-charging station and the power grid.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method further includes: With the energy storage system fully charged, the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is determined based on a preset safety factor and the total power of the load; the safety factor is less than 1. Synchronously trigger auxiliary load operation.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The processor, transceiver, and memory are provided; the processor is communicatively connected to both the transceiver and the memory. The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The transceiver communicates and interacts with external devices. The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

12. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-9.

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