Steel plate cutting machine for ceramic lining plate production

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel plate cutting machine for ceramic lining plate production, and relates to the technical field of steel plate laser cutting. The steel plate cutting machine for ceramic lining plate production comprises a workbench, a rack slidably installed on the workbench and a laser cutting head installed on the rack, sliding parts are installed between the front side and the rear side of the rack and between the front side and the rear side of the workbench respectively, a lower cover part is installed on the lower sliding part, and a top touching part is installed in the upper cover part. When a kerf formed in a steel plate cutting area is in a complete through state, the top contact part is used for automatically pushing out a wafer formed by cutting from a mother plate, and when the thick steel plate is subjected to circular hole cutting, the heat preservation and stabilization effects on the cutting position can be achieved, so that it is guaranteed that the wafer formed by cutting is smoothly separated from the mother plate, and the cutting efficiency is improved. When round hole cutting is carried out on a thin steel plate, supporting constraint can be provided for the area around a cutting point, the deformation phenomenon caused by local heating is restrained, and therefore the hole diameter precision and roundness of steel plate round hole cutting are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology for steel plates, specifically a steel plate cutting machine for the production of ceramic lining plates. Background Technology

[0002] Ceramic liners are protective lining plates made primarily of highly wear-resistant ceramic materials. They are mainly used on the inner walls of equipment or in areas subject to severe material erosion and wear. They offer advantages such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature resistance, and extended equipment lifespan. A common structural form is the ceramic-steel composite liner, which forms an integral structure by bonding a ceramic layer to a steel backing plate. The backing plate is made of steel and is fixed using bolts. During production, these ceramic-steel composite liners typically require cutting and drilling the steel plate. Common hole types include round holes cut in the center and at the four corners of the steel plate. In applications requiring high installation precision, such as those in the power and chemical industries, the diameter and roundness of the round holes on the steel backing plate directly affect the accuracy of bolt installation and the reliability of the connection between the ceramic liner and the steel backing plate. Therefore, high precision is required for the round hole cutting. Currently, laser cutting machines are commonly used to cut the round holes in the steel plates used for ceramic liners.

[0003] However, in actual processing, ceramic liners require steel plates of different thicknesses and sizes for different applications. The steel plates are usually placed directly on the stage of the laser cutting machine, and the steel plates are supported by multiple rows of serrated support plates on the stage. This leaves most of the steel plate suspended in the air. For thinner steel plates, they are prone to collapse and deform due to localized heating during the round hole cutting process, which affects the diameter accuracy and roundness of the round hole.

[0004] For thicker steel plates, the cutting speed is limited during circular hole cutting due to their large heat capacity. The molten pool formed in the cutting area cannot maintain a continuous and stable molten state for a long time. When the cutting head cuts the circular hole along the circumferential trajectory, the starting point area may have cooled and resolidified before completing one round of cutting, resulting in the circular hole cut not being completely through. The above situation can easily cause local adhesion between the cut circular piece and the base plate after the circular hole is cut. Usually, it is necessary to separate the circular piece from the base plate by mechanical hammering. During the separation process, the edge of the circular hole is easily damaged or deformed, which further affects the hole diameter accuracy and roundness, reduces the accuracy of subsequent bolt installation, and ultimately affects the reliability of the connection between the ceramic liner and the steel plate back plate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a steel plate cutting machine for the production of ceramic liners, which solves the technical problems of existing steel plates used for ceramic liners. When cutting round holes, thin steel plates are prone to collapse and deformation due to local heating, affecting the hole diameter accuracy and roundness. On the other hand, thick steel plates are prone to sticking to the mother plate at the initial starting point when the round hole cut is not completely completed due to the difficulty in maintaining a continuous and stable molten pool. This leads to damage to the hole edge during subsequent mechanical knocking separation, affecting the bolt installation accuracy and the connection reliability between the ceramic liner and the steel plate backing.

[0006] This invention provides a steel plate cutting machine for ceramic lining plate production, comprising a worktable, a frame slidably mounted on the worktable, and a laser cutting head mounted on the frame. Sliding parts are respectively installed between the front and rear sides of the frame and between the front and rear sides of the worktable, with the two sliding parts arranged symmetrically vertically. An upper cover is mounted on the upper sliding part, and a lower cover is mounted on the lower sliding part. Both the upper and lower covers can move relative to each other vertically under the drive of their respective sliding parts. When cutting a circular hole in a thick steel plate, the upper and lower covers move closer to each other and respectively cover the upper and lower areas of the steel plate cutting area, ensuring the cutting point... Within a closed space, the cutting area is effectively sealed and insulated to ensure that the molten pool at the cutting point remains in a molten state and to prevent adhesion. A multi-sided clamping part is provided between the upper and lower covers. When making circular holes in thin steel plates, the upper and lower covers move closer to each other and drive the multi-sided clamping part to clamp the steel plate around the cutting hole area at multiple points, providing stable support and constraint for the cutting part to suppress thermal deformation caused by laser cutting. A top contact is installed inside the upper cover. When the kerf formed in the steel plate cutting area is in a fully penetrating state, the top contact is used to automatically push the circular piece formed by cutting out from the mother plate.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the upper sliding part includes a rail groove, a guide rail, an electric sliding sleeve, a first electric telescopic rod, and a mounting plate. Rail grooves are provided on opposite sides of the front and rear of the frame. Two electric sliders are slidably connected in each rail groove. A guide rail is fixedly connected between two adjacent electric sliders. Electric sliding sleeves are slidably connected to the outside of the two guide rails. A first electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the electric sliding sleeve. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first electric telescopic rod. The lower sliding part has the same structure as the upper sliding part.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the upper cover includes a first ring cylinder fixedly connected to the upper mounting plate by an interlocking method. A cylinder cover is rotatably connected to the upper part of the first ring cylinder. An air inlet is provided on the outside of the first ring cylinder. An oblong groove is provided on the cylinder cover. A rectangular groove communicating with the oblong groove is provided inside the cylinder cover. A sliding cover is slidably connected in the rectangular groove. A limit spring is fixedly connected between the sliding cover and the rectangular groove. A slot is provided on the sliding cover for the insertion of the laser cutting head nozzle.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the lower cover includes a second ring cylinder fixedly connected to the lower mounting plate by means of an interlocking connection, and the lower end of the second ring cylinder has two conical bottoms symmetrically hinged to each other.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the polygonal clamping part includes a pressure plate, a threaded sleeve, a conical ring, and a wedge block. Several pressure plates are circumferentially equidistantly slidably connected to opposite sides of the first and second ring cylinders by interlocking. Threaded sleeves are threaded to the outside of the first and second ring cylinders, and conical rings are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the two threaded sleeves. Wedge blocks that cooperate with the conical rings are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the upper and lower adjacent pressure plates. A return spring is fixedly connected between the upper wedge block and the first ring cylinder, and a return spring is also fixedly connected between the lower wedge block and the second ring cylinder.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the top of the contact point includes a top post fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end face of the cylinder cover. A top sleeve is slidably connected to the outside of the top post via a spline engagement. A top spring is fixedly connected between the top sleeve and the top post. A toggle frame is slidably connected to the outside of the top sleeve via a spline engagement. The toggle frame consists of an annular frame and a waist-shaped frame fixedly connected to the outside of the annular frame. A C-shaped ring is rotatably connected to the upper end face of the toggle frame and sleeved on the outside of the top sleeve. A second electric telescopic rod is hinged between the C-shaped ring and the toggle frame via a connecting ear plate. A column groove is formed on the outside of the top sleeve along its own radial direction. A wedge-shaped locking post is connected to the inside of the column groove. A tension spring is fixedly connected between the wedge-shaped locking post and the column groove. A notch is formed on the toggle frame and directly above the wedge-shaped locking post.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the waist-shaped frame in the actuating bracket is located directly below the waist-shaped through groove, and a fixing rod is fixedly connected between the actuating bracket and the cylinder cover.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a support plate located to the left of the conical bottom is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the mounting plate located at the bottom. Two guide grooves are symmetrically opened on the support plate. The guide grooves are composed of a vertical section and an oblique section connected to the lower end of the vertical section. The vertical sections of the two guide grooves are arranged in a figure-eight shape. A sliding column is fixedly connected to the left side of the conical bottom and slidably connected in the guide groove.

[0014] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages: In the present invention, by moving the upper cover and the lower cover closer to each other, the cutting point area is covered from the upper and lower directions of the steel plate, forming a relatively closed local space at the cutting point of the steel plate. For steel plates with large thickness, during the circular hole cutting process, the above-mentioned closed area and the introduction of protective gas can slow down the heat loss of the cutting area, stabilize the molten pool at the cutting point, and prevent the molten pool in the cutting starting point area from cooling and re-solidifying too early. This ensures that the cut can be completely connected during the circular hole cutting process, so that the circular piece formed by cutting can be smoothly separated from the mother plate after cutting, reducing the adhesion between the circular piece and the mother plate, improving the hole diameter accuracy and roundness of the cut circular hole, and ensuring the reliability of the subsequent connection between the ceramic liner and the steel plate.

[0015] In this invention, as the upper and lower covers move closer to each other, the polygonal clamping part presses against the area around the steel plate cutting point, limiting and clamping the steel plate around the circular hole area, providing effective support and constraint for the cutting area. This effectively suppresses downward collapse deformation caused by local heating when cutting circular holes in thin steel plates, thereby ensuring the stability of hole diameter accuracy and roundness during the circular hole cutting process, and further improving the connection reliability between the ceramic liner and the steel plate backing.

[0016] In this invention, through the coordinated operation of the top sleeve, the actuating frame, the C-shaped ring, and the wedge-shaped locking post in the top of the contact point, when the circular hole of the steel plate is cut through, an additional separation force can be applied to the circular piece formed by the cutting while the cutting molten pool is still in a molten state. This allows the circular piece to gradually detach from the mother plate along the axial direction under the action of controlled stroke and limited thrust, thereby avoiding impact or pulling on the edge of the circular hole, reducing the risk of hole edge damage or deformation, and further ensuring the diameter accuracy and roundness of the cut circular hole. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steel plate cutting machine for producing ceramic liners provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the sliding part from the right view perspective provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the upper and lower cover parts provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper cover structure provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the toggle bracket structure from a downward viewing angle provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lower cover portion structure provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the polygonal clamping part provided by the present invention.

[0025] The above-mentioned attached drawings include the following reference numerals: 1. Workbench; 2. Frame; 3. Laser cutting head; 4. Sliding part; 41. Rail groove; 42. Guide rail; 43. Electric sliding sleeve; 44. Electric telescopic rod No. 1; 45. Mounting plate; 5. Upper cover; 51. Ring cylinder No. 1; 52. Cylinder cover; 53. Air inlet; 54. Waist-shaped through groove; 55. Sliding cover; 56. Hole groove; 6. Lower cover; 61. Ring cylinder No. 2; 62. Conical bottom; 63. Guide groove; 64. Sliding column; 7. Polygonal clamping part; 71. Pressure plate; 72. Screw sleeve; 73. Conical ring; 74. Wedge block; 8. Top contact; 81. Top column; 82. Top sleeve; 83. Actuating frame; 84. C-shaped ring; 85. Electric telescopic rod No. 2; 86. Wedge-shaped locking column; 87. Notch groove; 9. Fixing rod. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4This invention provides a technical solution: a steel plate cutting machine for ceramic lining plate production, comprising a worktable 1, a frame 2 slidably mounted on the worktable 1, and a laser cutting head 3 mounted on the frame 2. Sliding parts 4 are respectively installed between the front and rear sides of the frame 2 and between the front and rear sides of the worktable 1, and the two sliding parts 4 are arranged symmetrically vertically. An upper cover 5 is installed on the upper sliding part 4, and a lower cover 6 is installed on the lower sliding part 4. Both the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 6 can move relative to each other in the vertical direction under the drive of the corresponding sliding parts 4. When cutting round holes in thick steel plates, the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 6 approach each other and respectively cover the upper part of the steel plate cutting area. Below, the cutting point is placed in a closed space, effectively sealing and insulating the cutting area to ensure that the molten pool at the cutting point remains in a molten state and to prevent adhesion. A polygonal clamping part 7 is provided between the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 6. When making circular holes in thin steel plates, the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 6 move closer to each other and drive the polygonal clamping part 7 to perform multi-point limiting clamping on the steel plate around the cutting hole area, providing stable support and constraint for the cutting part to suppress thermal deformation caused by laser cutting. A contact top 8 is installed inside the upper cover 5. When the cut formed in the steel plate cutting area is in a fully through state, the contact top 8 is used to automatically push the circular piece formed by cutting out from the mother plate.

[0028] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the upper sliding part 4 includes a rail groove 41, a guide rail 42, an electric sliding sleeve 43, a first electric telescopic rod 44, and a mounting plate 45. The front and rear opposite sides of the frame 2 are provided with rail grooves 41. Two electric sliders are slidably connected in each rail groove 41. The two adjacent electric sliders are fixedly connected to the guide rail 42. The two guide rails 42 are slidably connected to the outside of each guide rail 42. The lower end face of the electric sliding sleeve 43 is fixedly connected to the first electric telescopic rod 44. The lower end of the first electric telescopic rod 44 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 45. The lower sliding part 4 has the same structure as the upper sliding part 4.

[0029] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the upper cover 5 includes a first ring cylinder 51 fixedly connected to the upper mounting plate 45 by an interlocking method. A cylinder cover 52 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the first ring cylinder 51. An air inlet 53 is provided on the outside of the first ring cylinder 51. An oblong groove 54 is provided on the cylinder cover 52. A rectangular groove communicating with the oblong groove 54 is provided inside the cylinder cover 52. A sliding cover 55 is slidably connected in the rectangular groove. A limit spring is fixedly connected between the sliding cover 55 and the rectangular groove. A hole groove 56 is provided on the sliding cover 55 for the nozzle of the laser cutting head 3 to be inserted.

[0030] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 6In this embodiment, the lower cover 6 includes a second ring cylinder 61 fixedly connected to the lower mounting plate 45 by an interlocking method. The lower end face of the second ring cylinder 61 has two conical bottoms 62 symmetrically hinged. The lower end face of the lower mounting plate 45 is fixedly connected to a support plate located directly to the left of the conical bottoms 62. The support plate has two guide grooves 63 symmetrically opened. The guide grooves 63 are composed of a vertical section and an oblique section communicating with the lower end of the vertical section. The vertical sections of the two guide grooves 63 are arranged in a figure-eight shape. The left side of the conical bottoms 62 is fixedly connected to a sliding column 64 that is slidably connected in the guide grooves 63.

[0031] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the polygonal clamping part 7 includes a pressure plate 71, a screw sleeve 72, a conical ring 73, and a wedge block 74. The first ring cylinder 51 and the second ring cylinder 61 are respectively connected to each other in a circumferentially equidistant manner by interlocking. The first ring cylinder 51 and the second ring cylinder 61 are respectively threaded with screw sleeves 72. The two screw sleeves 72 are fixedly connected to each other on opposite sides. The upper and lower adjacent pressure plates 71 are fixedly connected to each other on opposite sides with wedge blocks 74 that cooperate with the conical rings. A return spring is fixedly connected between the upper wedge block 74 and the first ring cylinder 51, and a return spring is also fixedly connected between the lower wedge block 74 and the second ring cylinder 61.

[0032] Before cutting holes in the steel plate, adjust the spacing of the serrated support plates on the workbench 1 so that the area to be cut is located between two adjacent serrated support plates. Simultaneously, ensure the spacing between two adjacent serrated support plates is greater than the lateral width of the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 6. The spacing of the serrated support plates only needs to be adjusted once before cutting the same batch of steel plates. Then, manually rotate the threaded sleeve 72 according to the size of the cut hole. The longitudinal movement of the threaded sleeve 72 simultaneously drives the conical ring 73 to move radially along the first ring cylinder 51. The conical ring 73 and the inclined surfaces of the wedge block 74 interact with each other. The compression causes the conical ring 73 to move closer to the corresponding pressure plate 71, which in turn compresses the wedge block 74 and drives the pressure plate 71 to move away from the axis of the first ring cylinder 51. As the conical ring 73 moves away from the corresponding pressure plate 71, the conical ring 73 gradually releases the compression on the wedge block 74. The return spring then pulls the pressure plate 71 closer to the axis of the first ring cylinder 51 through the wedge block 74, so that the distance between the pressure plate 71 and the axis of the first ring cylinder 51 is slightly greater than the radius of the cutting hole. The position of the pressure plate 71 only needs to be adjusted once before cutting.

[0033] Then, the steel plate can be placed on the workbench 1. Next, control the frame 2 to move the laser cutting head 3 directly above the cutting area. Then, control the electric slider to move laterally along the track groove 41. The corresponding electric sliders, through the guide rail 42 and the electric sliding sleeve 43, respectively drive the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 6 to move directly below the laser cutting head 3. Then, control the first electric telescopic rod 44 to extend, causing the mounting plates 45 to move closer to each other. The upper mounting plate 45 drives the first ring cylinder 51 to move downward until the lower part of the first ring cylinder 51 is in contact with the upper surface of the steel plate. The lower mounting plate 45 then drives the second ring cylinder 61 to move upward. 61 is attached to the lower surface of the steel plate. At this time, the first ring cylinder 51 and the second ring cylinder 61 respectively drive the corresponding pressure plate 71 to press against the surface around the cut of the steel plate. (When the second ring cylinder 61 does not move upward, the sliding column 64 is located in the inclined section of the guide groove 63, and the two conical bottoms 62 are in an open state. When the second ring cylinder 61 moves upward, it drives the conical bottoms 62 to move synchronously. The conical bottoms 62 then drive the sliding column 64 to move in the guide groove 63. Under the pressure of the inclined section of the guide groove 63, the two sliding columns 64 gradually move closer to each other, which in turn drives the conical bottoms 62 to move closer to each other. When the sliding column 64 moves to the vertical section of the guide groove 63, the two conical bottoms 62 are completely aligned.)

[0034] By using corresponding upper and lower pressure plates 71 to limit and press the steel plate around the area of ​​the cut circular hole, the steel plate is provided with support and constraint around the cutting area of ​​the steel plate without interfering with the movement of the cutting head and the input of cutting heat. This avoids thermal deformation in the cutting area of ​​the thin steel plate and thus ensures the accuracy of the cut circular hole.

[0035] Subsequently, the frame 2 drives the laser cutting head 3 to move downward, so that the nozzle in the laser cutting head 3 is inserted into the slot 56. Then, the external pipe is connected to the air inlet 53, and protective gas is slowly introduced into the first annular cylinder 51. Then, according to the diameter of the hole to be cut, the frame 2 drives the nozzle of the laser cutting head 3 to move laterally. The nozzle of the laser cutting head 3 then pushes the sliding cover 55 to slide in the rectangular slot, thereby synchronously driving the slot 56 to move to the cutting position. Then, the frame 2 is controlled to move the nozzle of the laser cutting head 3 along the circumference of the cutting hole. The nozzle of the laser cutting head 3 then moves the cylinder cover 52 to rotate through the sliding cover 55 to cut the required circular hole. During the cutting process, protective gas is introduced into the cutting area through the local space enclosed by the first annular cylinder 51 and the second annular cylinder 61, so that a relatively stable local gas environment is formed around the cut during the cutting process, which plays a heat preservation role and prevents the molten pool in the cutting area of ​​the thick steel plate from cooling too quickly, ensuring that the disc can fall smoothly when the cut in the cutting area is fully penetrated.

[0036] The molten metal chips generated during the cutting process fall downwards into the second ring cylinder 61, where they are caught by the conical bottoms 62 that are joined together. When the cutting is completed, the first electric telescopic rod 44 is retracted, which indirectly drives the first ring cylinder 51 and the second ring cylinder 61 to move away from the steel plate. As the second ring cylinder 61 moves downwards, it also drives the conical bottoms 62 and the sliding column 64 to move downwards. As the sliding column 64 moves downwards in the guide groove 63, it gradually drives the two conical bottoms 62 to rotate away from each other, thereby opening the lower part of the conical bottoms 62 and discharging the caught metal chips in time.

[0037] It should be noted that the conical bottom 62, the first ring cylinder 51, and the second ring cylinder 61 are preferably made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material to adapt to the high-temperature environment generated during steel plate cutting, and to prevent the above structure from deforming due to high temperature during long-term use. At the same time, the ceramic material itself has the characteristic of not being easily wetted by molten metal, so that the molten metal chips generated during the cutting process are not easily attached to the inner wall surface of the conical bottom 62, the first ring cylinder 51, and the second ring cylinder 61. Even if a small amount of metal chips form brittle slag during cooling, it can be easily peeled off during subsequent cleaning, which is conducive to the timely discharge of metal chips and avoids the adverse effects of slag accumulation on the cutting process.

[0038] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the top contact 8 includes a top post 81 fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end face of the cylinder cover 52. A top sleeve 82 is slidably connected to the outside of the top post 81 via a spline engagement. A top spring is fixedly connected between the top sleeve 82 and the top post 81. A toggle frame 83 is slidably connected to the outside of the top sleeve 82 via a spline engagement. The toggle frame 83 consists of an annular frame and an oblong frame fixedly connected to the outside of the annular frame. A C-shaped ring 84 is rotatably connected to the upper end face of the toggle frame 83 and sleeved on the outside of the top sleeve 82. The C-shaped ring 84 and the toggle frame 83 are connected via a spline engagement. The connecting ear plate is hinged to the second electric telescopic rod 85. The top sleeve 82 has a column groove on its outer side along its own radial direction. The inside of the column groove is connected to a wedge-shaped locking post 86 with an arc. The wedge-shaped locking post 86 and the column groove are fixedly connected by a tension spring. The actuating frame 83 has a notch 87 on it and located directly above the wedge-shaped locking post 86. The upper and lower parts of the wedge-shaped locking post 86 have inclined surfaces. The length of the upper inclined surface is greater than the length of the lower inclined surface. The waist-shaped frame in the actuating frame 83 is located directly below the waist-shaped through groove 54. The actuating frame 83 and the cylinder cover 52 are fixedly connected by a fixing rod 9.

[0039] The top spring is initially in its longest position, the top sleeve 82 is in its lowest position, and the lower end of the top sleeve 82 is lower than the horizontal height of the lower part of the first ring cylinder 51. The opening of the C-shaped ring 84 is initially misaligned with the notch 87 on the actuating frame 83. When the first electric telescopic rod 44 at the top extends and indirectly drives the first ring cylinder 51 to move closer to the steel plate, the top sleeve 82 will first touch the steel plate. As the first ring cylinder 51 continues to move downward, the top sleeve 82 will be continuously pressed, which will gradually compress the top spring, and the top column 81 will gradually slide into the top sleeve 82.

[0040] When the first ring cylinder 51 moves the actuating frame 83 down to the position of the wedge-shaped locking post 86 via the cylinder cover 52 and the fixing rod 9, the wedge-shaped locking post 86 will first enter the notch groove 87. Then, the upper inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking post 86 touches the lower part of the C-shaped ring 84. The wedge-shaped locking post 86 is gradually retracted into the groove under pressure. When the C-shaped ring 84 moves down past the position of the wedge-shaped locking post 86, the wedge-shaped locking post 86 is reset and extended again under the action of the tension spring. At this time, the lower inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking post 86 touches the upper part of the C-shaped ring 84. The tension spring pushes the wedge-shaped locking post 86 to reset and extend, so that the lower inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking post 86 squeezes the upper part of the C-shaped ring 84, thereby causing the top sleeve 82 to move up. At this time, the wedge-shaped locking post 86 is blocked by the C-shaped ring 84, the lower part of the first ring cylinder 51 also contacts the steel plate, and the lower end of the top sleeve 82 is in a suspended position.

[0041] When the laser cutting head 3 completes the cutting of the circular hole contour along the circumference and the kerf formed in the cutting area is in a fully connected state, the control of the second electric telescopic rod 85 retracts and pulls the C-shaped ring 84 to rotate. The C-shaped ring 84 rotates until its opening is located directly above the notch groove 87, releasing the restriction on the wedge-shaped locking post 86. The wedge-shaped locking post 86 can then slide down from the opening of the C-shaped ring 84 and the notch groove 87. The top spring resets and pushes the top sleeve 82 down. The top sleeve 82 then pushes the circular piece formed at this time out of the mother plate. (The elastic coefficient of the top spring has been obtained by those in the art through multiple tests to ensure that the elastic coefficient is within the optimal value, avoiding excessive pressure and speed of the top sleeve 82 from impacting the circular piece.) The top sleeve 82 acts on the circular piece gradually along the axial direction with controlled stroke and limited thrust, so that the circular piece detaches from the mother plate without impacting the edge of the circular hole.

[0042] It should be noted that although this invention adds local auxiliary structures and functional components to the original equipment structure compared to existing laser cutting machines, resulting in an increase in the overall number of structures and a slight increase in manufacturing costs compared to traditional structures, the aforementioned cost increase is mainly reflected in the configuration of conventional mechanical structural parts and general-purpose actuators, and does not involve high-cost precision parts or complex control systems. The overall structure is still an easily implemented technical solution in the fields of conventional mechanical manufacturing and automation control.

[0043] Meanwhile, the main application scenarios targeted by this invention are in the production of ceramic liners where high precision is required for the machining of circular holes in steel plates. It is particularly suitable for working environments such as the power industry and chemical industry, where high reliability and connection accuracy of ceramic liner installation are required. In the above application scenarios, the hole diameter accuracy, roundness, and hole edge integrity of the circular holes in the steel plates directly affect the accuracy of bolt installation and the connection reliability between the ceramic liner and the steel plate backing. Therefore, higher requirements are placed on the machining accuracy and machining stability of the cutting equipment. Compared with the problems of rework, scrap, or connection failure caused by insufficient machining accuracy in such high-precision application scenarios, the increased structural cost of this invention is acceptable.

[0044] Furthermore, through the above-mentioned structural design, the present invention can effectively avoid the deformation problem caused by local heating during the cutting of thin steel plates into round holes, and at the same time reduce the phenomenon of circular pieces sticking together due to incomplete penetration of the cut during the cutting of thick steel plates into round holes. This avoids damage or deformation of the hole edge caused by subsequent mechanical hammering to separate the circular pieces, which helps to ensure the diameter accuracy and roundness of the round hole, improves the accuracy and consistency of subsequent bolt installation, and thus enhances the reliability and stability of the connection between the ceramic liner and the steel back plate.

[0045] During operation, firstly, the spacing of the serrated support plates on the worktable 1 is adjusted to a distance suitable for the size of the steel plate, ensuring stable support. Then, the frame 2 moves the laser cutting head 3 to the predetermined cutting point. The sliding part 4 drives the upper cover 5 and lower cover 6 to move directly below the laser cutting head 3. Next, the sliding part 4 continues to move the upper cover 5 and lower cover 6 closer together and closer to each other at the cutting area of ​​the steel plate. Simultaneously, the polygonal clamping part 7 presses against the perimeter of the cutting area, limiting and supporting the steel plate. After completing the above positioning, the frame 2 continues to move the laser cutting head 3 downwards, inserting it into the upper cover 5, while simultaneously allowing the laser to penetrate into the upper cover 5. An external protective gas creates a protective environment around the cutting area. Subsequently, the laser cutting head 3 moves along a circumferential trajectory to cut a circular hole in the steel plate. During the cutting process, the polygonal clamping part 7 provides support and constraint around the cutting area, effectively preventing deformation of thin steel plates due to localized heating during cutting. For thick steel plates, the relatively stable environment formed by the protective gas in the cutting area slows down the temperature loss in the cutting area and prevents the molten pool from cooling too quickly. After the circular hole is cut, the control top 8 moves to push the cut circular piece out of the mother plate in time, preventing the circular piece from sticking to the mother plate, thereby ensuring the diameter accuracy and roundness of the cut circular hole.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "number one," and "number two" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "number one," or "number two" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel plate cutting machine for producing ceramic lining plates, comprising a worktable, a frame slidably mounted on the worktable, and a laser cutting head mounted on the frame, characterized in that: Sliding parts are installed between the front and rear sides of the frame and between the front and rear sides of the worktable, and the two sliding parts are arranged symmetrically up and down. An upper cover is installed on the upper sliding part and a lower cover is installed on the lower sliding part. The upper cover and the lower cover can move relative to each other in the vertical direction under the drive of the corresponding sliding parts. When cutting round holes in thick steel plates, the upper and lower covers are close to each other and cover the upper and lower parts of the steel plate cutting area respectively, so that the cutting point is in a closed space, effectively sealing and heat preservation of the cutting area, ensuring that the molten pool at the cutting point always remains in a molten state and preventing adhesion. A multi-sided clamping part is provided between the upper cover and the lower cover. When the thin steel plate is cut with a circular hole, the upper cover and the lower cover move closer to each other and drive the multi-sided clamping part to clamp the steel plate around the cutting hole area at multiple points, providing stable support and constraint for the cutting part to suppress thermal deformation caused by laser cutting. The upper cover is equipped with a top contact device. When the slit formed in the steel plate cutting area is fully open, the top contact device is used to automatically push the cut disc out of the mother plate.

2. The steel plate cutting machine for ceramic liner production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper sliding part includes a rail groove, a guide rail, an electric sliding sleeve, a first electric telescopic rod, and a mounting plate. Rail grooves are provided on opposite sides of the front and rear of the frame. Two electric sliders are slidably connected in each rail groove. A guide rail is fixedly connected between two adjacent electric sliders. Electric sliding sleeves are slidably connected to the outside of the two guide rails. A first electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the electric sliding sleeve. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first electric telescopic rod. The lower sliding part has the same structure as the upper sliding part.

3. A steel plate cutting machine for ceramic liner production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper cover includes a first ring cylinder fixedly connected to the upper mounting plate by an interlocking method. A cylinder cover is rotatably connected to the upper part of the first ring cylinder. An air inlet is provided on the outside of the first ring cylinder. An oblong groove is provided on the cylinder cover. A rectangular groove communicating with the oblong groove is provided inside the cylinder cover. A sliding cover is slidably connected in the rectangular groove. A limit spring is fixedly connected between the sliding cover and the rectangular groove. A hole or groove is provided on the sliding cover for the insertion of the laser cutting head nozzle.

4. A steel plate cutting machine for ceramic liner production according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower cover includes a second ring cylinder that is fixedly connected to the lower mounting plate by means of an interlocking connection. The lower end of the second ring cylinder has two conical bottoms that are symmetrically hinged to each other.

5. A steel plate cutting machine for ceramic liner production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-sided clamping part includes a pressure plate, a threaded sleeve, a conical ring, and a wedge block. Several pressure plates are circumferentially and equidistantly connected to opposite sides of the first and second ring cylinders by means of interlocking. Threaded sleeves are threaded to the outside of the first and second ring cylinders respectively. Conical rings are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the two threaded sleeves. Wedge blocks that cooperate with conical rings are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the upper and lower adjacent pressure plates. A return spring is fixedly connected between the upper wedge block and the first ring cylinder, and a return spring is also fixedly connected between the lower wedge block and the second ring cylinder.

6. A steel plate cutting machine for ceramic liner production according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the device includes a top post fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end face of the cylinder cover. A top sleeve is slidably connected to the outside of the top post via a spline connection. A top spring is fixedly connected between the top sleeve and the top post. A toggle frame is slidably connected to the outside of the top sleeve via a spline connection. The toggle frame consists of an annular frame and an oblong frame fixedly connected to the outside of the annular frame. A C-shaped ring is rotatably connected to the upper end face of the toggle frame and fitted onto the outside of the top sleeve. A second electric telescopic rod is hinged between the C-shaped ring and the toggle frame via a connecting ear plate. A column groove is formed on the outside of the top sleeve along its own radial direction. A wedge-shaped locking post is connected to the inside of the column groove. A tension spring is fixedly connected between the wedge-shaped locking post and the column groove. A notch is formed on the toggle frame and directly above the wedge-shaped locking post.

7. A steel plate cutting machine for ceramic liner production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The waist-shaped frame in the actuating frame is located directly below the waist-shaped through groove, and the actuating frame and the cylinder cover are fixedly connected by a fixing rod.

8. A steel plate cutting machine for ceramic liner production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end face of the mounting plate located at the bottom is fixedly connected to a support plate located directly to the left of the conical bottom. Two guide grooves are symmetrically opened on the support plate. The guide groove consists of a vertical section and an oblique section connected to the lower end of the vertical section. The vertical section of the two guide grooves is arranged in a figure-eight shape. A sliding column is fixedly connected to the left side of the conical bottom and slidably connected in the guide groove.

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