Liquid crystal medium

Abstract

The present invention relates to liquid crystal (LC) mixtures or LC materials based on mixtures of polar compounds, the use thereof for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in LC displays, in particular in fringing field switching mode LC displays, to fringing field switching mode LC displays comprising said LC media, and to a method for producing said LC displays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to liquid crystal (LC) media based on mixtures of polar compounds for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, particularly for use in LC displays, especially edge field switching mode LC displays, to edge field switching mode LC displays comprising said LC media, particularly energy-efficient LC displays, to methods for preparing said LC media, and to methods for manufacturing said LC displays. Background Technology

[0002] One of the liquid crystal display (LCD) modes currently in use is the TN ("twisted nematic") mode. However, TN LCDs have the disadvantage of strong viewing angle dependence on contrast.

[0003] Therefore, so-called FFS (“edge field switching”) displays have been reported (see especially SH Jung et al., Jpn.J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 43, No. 3, 2004, 1028), which contain two electrodes on the same substrate, one of which is structured in a comb-like manner and the other is unstructured. This generates a strong so-called “edge field,” that is, a strong electric field near the edge of the electrode, and an electric field with both strong vertical and strong horizontal components throughout the cell. FFS displays have low viewing angle dependence on contrast. FFS displays typically contain an LC dielectric with positive dielectric anisotropy and an alignment layer, typically polyimide, which provides planar alignment for the molecules of the LC dielectric.

[0004] FFS displays can operate as either active matrix or passive matrix displays. In the case of an active matrix display, individual pixels are typically addressed by integrated nonlinear active elements, such as transistors (e.g., thin-film transistors (“TFTs”), while in the case of a passive matrix display, individual pixels are typically addressed by multiplexing methods, as known in the art.

[0005] Furthermore, novel FFS displays (referred to as “Ultra-Bright FFS (UB-FFS)”, see SH Lee et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 73(20), 1998, 2882-2883 and SH Lee et al., Liquid Crystals 39(9), 2012, 1141-1148) have been disclosed, which have a similar electrode design and layer thickness to FFS displays, but contain a layer of LC dielectric with negative dielectric anisotropy instead of LC dielectric with positive dielectric anisotropy. Compared to LC dielectric with positive dielectric anisotropy, LC dielectric with negative dielectric anisotropy displays exhibit a more favorable director orientation with less tilt and more twist orientation, resulting in higher transmittance. The displays also include an alignment layer, preferably polyimide, provided on at least one substrate in contact with the LC dielectric and inducing planar alignment of the LC molecules of the LC dielectric. These displays require LC dielectrics with high reliability.

[0006] Furthermore, so-called VA ("vertically aligned") displays are known, which have wide viewing angles and fast response times. The LC cell of a VA display contains an LC dielectric layer between two transparent electrodes, where the LC dielectric typically has a negative dielectric anisotropy (Δε). In the off state, the molecules of the LC layer are vertically aligned to the electrode surfaces (vertical plane) or have an inclined vertical alignment. When a voltage is applied to the two electrodes, a reorientation of the LC molecules parallel to the electrode surfaces occurs.

[0007] Also known is the so-called IPS (“in-plane switching”) display, which includes a planar LC layer between two substrates, with two electrodes disposed on only one of the two substrates, and preferably having a cross-shaped comb structure. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an electric field with a significant component parallel to the LC layer is generated between them. This leads to the reorientation of LC molecules in the layer plane.

[0008] In recent types of VA displays, the uniform orientation of LC molecules is confined to multiple relatively small domains within the LC cell. Spin faults, also known as tilt domains, may exist between these domains. Compared to conventional VA displays, VA displays with tilt domains offer greater contrast and viewing angle independence for grayscale. Furthermore, this type of display is easier to manufacture because additional treatment of the electrode surfaces, such as through friction, is no longer required to uniformly align the molecules in the on-state. Instead, the preferred orientation of the tilt or pretilt angle is controlled through the special design of the electrodes.

[0009] However, there are several disadvantages to using LC media with negative dielectric anisotropy in VA or FFS displays. For example, they have significantly lower reliability compared to LC media with positive dielectric anisotropy.

[0010] The term "reliability" as used below refers to the performance quality of a display over a period of time and under various stress loads (such as light load, temperature, humidity, or voltage) that cause display defects such as image stickiness (area and line image stickiness), mura, and yogore, and is known to those skilled in the art of LC displays. As a standard parameter for classifying reliability, the voltage hold-up ratio (VHR) value is commonly used, which is a measure of maintaining a constant voltage in a tested display. A higher VHR value indicates better reliability of the LC medium.

[0011] The reduced reliability of LC media with negative dielectric anisotropy in VA or FFS displays can be explained by the interaction between LC molecules and the polyimide alignment layer. As a result, ions are extracted from the polyimide alignment layer, and the LC molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy extract these ions more effectively.

[0012] This has led to new requirements for the LC media used in VA or FFS displays. In particular, the LC media must exhibit high reliability and a high VHR value after UV exposure. Further requirements include high specific resistivity, a wide operating temperature range, short response time even at low temperatures, low threshold voltage, multiple gray levels, high contrast and wide viewing angle, and reduced image lag.

[0013] Therefore, in displays known in the prior art, the undesirable effect of so-called "image sticking" or "image burning" is often observed, in which the image generated in an LC display by temporary addressing of a single pixel remains visible even after the electric field in these pixels has been cut off, or after other pixels have been addressed.

[0014] On the one hand, this "image lag" occurs when using an LC dielectric with a low VHR. The UV component of sunlight or backlighting causes undesirable decomposition reactions of the LC molecules therein, thus initiating the generation of ionic or free radical impurities. These can accumulate particularly at the electrodes or alignment layers, where they can reduce the effectively applied voltage.

[0015] Another problem observed in the prior art is that LC media used in displays (including but not limited to VA and FFS displays) often exhibit high viscosity, and therefore high switching times. To reduce the viscosity and switching time of LC media, the addition of LC compounds with alkenyl groups has been suggested in the prior art. However, LC media containing alkenyl compounds have been observed to frequently exhibit reduced reliability and stability, as well as a decrease in VHR, especially after exposure to UV radiation and visible light from display backlights that typically do not emit UV light. Summary of the Invention

[0016] Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a method for using an improved LC medium for FFS-, VA-, or IPS- displays that does not exhibit the aforementioned disadvantages or exhibits them only to a small extent, and has improved performance. Another object of the present invention is to provide an FFS display with good transmittance, high reliability, particularly a VHR value after backlight exposure, high resistivity, a wide operating temperature range, short response time even at low temperatures, low threshold voltage, multiple gray levels, high contrast, wide viewing angle, and reduced image lag.

[0017] Specifically, this invention is based on the purpose of using LC media in LC displays, enabling the display to have high contrast, high transmittance and simultaneously very high resistivity, high VHR, high reliability, low threshold voltage, short response time, low birefringence, good UV absorption especially at longer wavelengths, enabling rapid and complete polymerization of RM, allowing the generation of a low pretilt angle preferably as quickly as possible, achieving high stability of the pretilt angle even after a long time and / or after UV exposure, reducing or preventing "image sticking" and "ODF inhomogeneity (mura)" in the display, and enabling the fastest and most complete polymerization of RM, and exhibiting high solubility in LC media commonly used as the main mixture in PSA displays.

[0018] It has been found that one or more of these purposes can be achieved by providing LC media as disclosed and claimed below.

[0019] Therefore, the present invention relates to LC media comprising one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formula III.

[0020]

[0021] in

[0022] R 11 and R 12 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 7 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0023] R 31 and R 32 Each group independently represents H, and is an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 7 carbon atoms, wherein one or more of these groups (-CH2- groups) can be independently represented by H. , , , , , -C≡C-, -CF₂O-, -OCF₂-, -CH=CH-, are replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly bonded to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogens.

[0024] A 3 Each time they appear, they independently represent 1,4-phenylene, where one or both CH groups can be substituted with N, or represent 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-cyclohexenylene, where one or both non-adjacent CH2 groups can be substituted with -O- or -S-, and the groups can be mono- or poly-substituted with halogen atoms.

[0025] n represents 0, 1, or 2.

[0026] Z 3 Each occurrence independently represents -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, or a single bond.

[0027] L 31 and L 32 Each of them independently represents F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2, and

[0028] Y 1 and Y 2 Each can be independently represented by H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3 or OCH3, with H, CH3 or OCH3 being preferred, and H being very preferred.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formula III, wherein R 11 and R 12 Each can be independently represented as a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.

[0030] The preferred compound of formula I is CCZPC-nm, where n and m represent 2 to 7 independently. The most preferred compound is CCZPC-3-3.

[0031] The present invention also relates to LC displays comprising liquid crystal media as described in the context, particularly VA, IPS, FFS, PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, UB-FFS, UBplus, or UV. 2 Monitor A.

[0032] The present invention also relates to liquid crystal media as described in the context of VA, IPS, FFS, PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, UB-FFS, UBplus, or UV. 2 Uses of A in a monitor.

[0033] The present invention also relates to a method for preparing a liquid crystal medium as described in the context, comprising the steps of mixing one or more compounds of formula I with one or more compounds of formula III and optionally mixing with other LC compounds and / or additives.

[0034] The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an LC display as described in the context, including the step of filling or otherwise providing an LC medium as described in the context between substrates of the display.

[0035] The LC medium according to the present invention allows for one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0036] - The combination of low birefringence and high average elastic constant contributes to achieving high contrast.

[0037] - Good white-to-black image viscosity (WB IS) results can improve short-term image viscosity.

[0038] -Low viscosity enables fast response time

[0039] -Low threshold voltage helps reduce drive voltage and enable energy-efficient displays.

[0040] When used in liquid crystal displays, the LC medium according to the present invention exhibits one or more of the following advantageous properties:

[0041] -high resolution,

[0042] - High light transmittance

[0043] High contrast

[0044] - Improved short-term image viscosity,

[0045] - Reduce ODF inhomogeneity (mura)

[0046] - Reduce rotational viscosity

[0047] - High reliability and high VHR value after UV exposure and / or heat treatment

[0048] -Fast response time

[0049] - A favorable low rotational viscosity to tortuosity constant ratio γ1 / K1 contributes to improved switching behavior, especially at low drive voltages, and is useful for achieving energy-efficient displays.

[0050] -Low threshold voltage is useful for achieving energy-efficient displays.

[0051] As used herein, the terms “reactive mesocrystalline” and “RM” should be understood to refer to a compound containing a mesocrystalline or liquid crystal framework and one or more polymerizable functional groups attached thereto, and said functional groups are also referred to as “polymerizable groups” or “P”.

[0052] Unless otherwise stated, the term “polymerizable compound” as used herein should be understood to mean polymerizable monomeric compound.

[0053] As used herein, the term "mesocrystalline group" is known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, and it refers to a group that substantially contributes to the formation of a liquid crystal (LC) phase in a low molecular weight or polymeric substance due to the anisotropy of its attractive and repulsive interactions. A compound containing a mesocrystalline group (mesocrystalline compound) does not necessarily have an LC phase by itself. Mesocrystalline compounds can exhibit LC phase behavior only when mixed with other compounds and / or after polymerization. Typical mesocrystalline groups are, for example, rigid rod-shaped or disk-shaped units. The terms and definitions used in relation to mesocrystalline or LC compounds are given in Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73(5), 888 and C. Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004, 116, 6340-6368.

[0054] As used herein, the term "spacer group" (hereinafter also referred to as "Sp") is known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, see, for example, Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73(5), 888 and C. Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004, 116, 6340-6368. As used herein, the term "spacer group" or "spacer group" means a flexible group, such as an alkylene group, attached to a mesocrystalline or polymerizable group in a polymerizable mesocrystalline compound.

[0055] In the context, Represents the trans-1,4-cyclohexyl ring, and It represents a 1,4-phenylene ring.

[0056] In groups In this system, the single bond between the two ring atoms can be attached to any free position on the benzene ring.

[0057] If the end bases in the equation shown in the context are, for example, R 11,12 , R 21,22 , R31,32,33 , R 41,42 , R 51, 52 , R 61 ,R 71 , R N1,N2 , R 81,82 , R 91,92,93 , R L1,L2 , R Q , R R1 ,R2 If L represents alkyl and / or alkoxy, it can be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain, having 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 C atoms and correspondingly preferably representing ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, hexoxy or heptoxy, as well as methyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, methoxy, octyloxy, nonoxy, decyloxy, undecyloxy, dodecyloxy, tridecyloxy or tetradecyloxy.

[0058] If one of the aforementioned end groups represents an alkyl group in which one or more CH2 groups are replaced by S, it can be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain, having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 C atoms and correspondingly preferably representing thiomethyl, thioethyl, thiopropyl, thiobutyl, thiopentyl, thiohexyl or thioheptyl.

[0059] The oxane group preferably represents straight-chain 2-oxapropyl (=methoxymethyl), 2-oxabutyl (=ethoxymethyl) or 3-oxabutyl (=2-methoxyethyl), 2-, 3- or 4-oxapentyl, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-oxahexyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-oxaheptyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-oxaoctyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-oxanonyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8- or 9-oxadecyl.

[0060] If one of the aforementioned end groups represents an alkoxy or oxane, it may also contain one or more additional oxygen atoms, provided that the oxygen atoms are not directly connected to each other.

[0061] If one of the aforementioned end groups represents an alkyl group in which one of the CH2 groups has been replaced by -CH=CH-, then it can be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain and has 2-10 C atoms. Accordingly, it represents, in particular, vinyl, prop-1- or -2-enyl, but-1-, -2- or -3-enyl, pent-1-, -2-, -3- or -4-enyl, hex-1-, -2-, -3-, -4- or -5-enyl, hep-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5- or -6-enyl, oct-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6- or -7-enyl, non-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7- or -8-enyl, dec-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7-, -8- or -9-enyl.

[0062] If one of the aforementioned end groups represents an alkyl or alkenyl group that is at least monosubstituted with a halogen, the group is preferably straight-chain, and the halogen is preferably F or Cl. In the case of multiple substitution, the halogen is preferably F. The resulting group also includes perfluorinated groups. In the case of monosubstituted substitution, the fluorine or chlorine substituent can be at any desired position, but is preferably at the ω-position.

[0063] In another preferred embodiment, the aforementioned end base, for example R 11,12 , R 21,22 , R 31,32,33 , R 41,42 , R 51 , 52 , R 61 , R 71 , R N1,N2 , R 81,82 , R 91,92,93 , R L1,L2 , R Q , R R1,R2 or one or more of L selected from the following groups

[0064]

[0065] -S 1 -F, -OS 1 -F, -O-S1-O-S2, where S 1 C 1-12 -alkylene or C 2-12 - Idemenyl and S 2 For H, C 1-12 -alkyl or C 2-12 -Alkenyl, and very preferably selected from the following groups

[0066]

[0067] -O(CH2)3OCH3, -O(CH2)4OCH3, -O(CH2)2F, -O(CH2)3F, -O(CH2)4F.

[0068] The halogen is preferably F or Cl, with F being the most preferred.

[0069] Group -CR 0 =CR 00 - Preferably -CH=CH-.

[0070] -CO-, -C(=O)-, and -C(O)- represent carbonyl groups, i.e. .

[0071] Preferred substituents L are, for example, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R) x )2、-C(=O)Y 1 -C(=O)R x -N(R) x 2. Straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkyl carbonyl, alkoxy carbonyl, alkyl carbonyloxy, or alkoxy carbonyloxy groups, each having 1-25 carbon atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may optionally be replaced by F or Cl, optionally substituted silyl groups having 1-20 Si atoms, or optionally substituted aryl groups having 6-25, preferably 6-15 carbon atoms.

[0072] Where R x Represents H, F, Cl, CN, or a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1-25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O-, such that the O- and / or S- atoms are not directly connected to each other, and wherein one or more H atoms are each optionally replaced by F, Cl, P-, or P-Sp-.

[0073] Y 1 It represents halogens.

[0074] Particularly preferred substituents L are, for example, F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5, and phenyl.

[0075]

[0076] L has one of the meanings described above.

[0077] Preferred compounds of formula III are those of formulas III-1 to III-6:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] The groups appearing therein have the same meaning as those given in Formula III above, and preferably

[0081] R 31 and R 32 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy group having up to 15 carbon atoms, preferably having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably one or both of which represent an alkoxy group; or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0082] R 33 Cy-C indicates an alkyl or alkenyl group or group having up to 7 carbon atoms. n H 2n+1 -,

[0083] m and n are the same or different, being 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, preferably 1, 2, or 3, and very preferably 1.

[0084] Cy represents an alicyclic group having 3, 4, or 5 ring atoms, optionally substituted with an alkyl or alkenyl group each having up to 3 carbon atoms, or substituted with a halogen or CN, and preferably represents cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclopentenyl.

[0085] (O) represents O or a single bond, and

[0086] L 31 and L 32 Each can be represented independently as F or Cl, preferably both as F.

[0087] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III-1 selected from formulas III-1-1 to III-1-10, preferably formula III-1-1.

[0088] Among them alkyl and alkyl * Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl and alkenyl * Each of these independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, alkoxy and alkoxy *Each independently represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and L 31 and L 32 Each can be represented independently as F or Cl, preferably both as F.

[0089] The most preferred compounds of formula III-1-1 are selected from the group consisting of the following formulas:

[0090]

[0091] The most preferred compounds of formula III-2 are as follows:

[0092]

[0093] Wherein alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 C atoms, preferably ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy or pentoxy, and very preferably ethoxy or propoxy.

[0094] The highly preferred compounds of formula III-6 are selected from the group consisting of the following formulas:

[0095]

[0096] Where R 32 The symbol represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl, or n-butyl, or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, or cyclopentylmethyl, or alternatively -(CH2). n F, where n is 2, 3, 4, or 5, preferably C2H4F.

[0097] Preferred compounds of formula III are III-1-1-3, III-1-1-4, III-1-1-5 and III-6-2, and most preferred are compounds B(S)-2O-O4, B(S)-2O-O5, B(S)-2O-O6 and COB(S)-2-O4.

[0098] The following are further preferred embodiments of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention, including any combination thereof:

[0099] Preferably, the LC medium further comprises one or more compounds of formula II.

[0100]

[0101] Each group is independent of the others and, each time it appears, has the same or different meanings as follows:

[0102] R 21 and R22 It is a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-20 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, CR 0 =CR 00 -、-C≡C-、

[0103]

[0104] The O- and / or S- atoms are replaced in such a way that they are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by F, Cl, CN or CF3, preferably alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 C atoms.

[0105] R 0 , R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0106] A 1 and A 2 Groups selected from the following formulas

[0107]

[0108] Preferred formulas A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A9, and A10; Very preferred formulas A1, A2, A3, A4, A6, A9, and A10.

[0109] Z 1 and Z 2 The bond type can be -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-CH2O-, or a single bond, preferably a single bond.

[0110] L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 The solvent is F, Cl, OCF3, CF3, CH3, CH2F, or CHF2, with F or Cl being preferred, and F being very preferred.

[0111] Y can be H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3, with H or CH3 being preferred, and H being highly preferred.

[0112] L C It is CH3 or OCH3, preferably CH3.

[0113] a1 is 0, 1, or 2.

[0114] a2 is 0 or 1.

[0115] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula II selected from compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, and IIE.

[0116]

[0117] Each group, when appearing in the same or different manner and independently of the others, has the following meaning:

[0118] R 21 R 22 The group is H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by F, Cl, CN, or CF3, and wherein, in addition, one or more of these groups may be -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -OC-O-, -O-CO-,

[0119]

[0120] Replace them in a way that prevents O- and / or S- atoms from being directly bonded to each other.

[0121] L 1 To L 4 It can be F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2.

[0122] Y is H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3, preferably H or CH3, and particularly preferably H.

[0123] Z 1 Z 2 For single bonds, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CHCH2O,

[0124] p is 0, 1, or 2, and

[0125] q is 0 or 1.

[0126] Preferred compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, and IIE are those in which R... 22 It indicates an alkyl or alkoxy group having a maximum of 15 carbon atoms, and very preferably (O)C. v H 2v+1 Those, where (O) is an oxygen atom or a single bond and v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0127] Further preferred compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, and IIE are those in which R21 or R 22 Each of the following components independently represents or contains a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group, preferably selected from the group consisting of:

[0128]

[0129] Where S 1 C 1-12 Alkylene or C 2-12 imide and S 2 For H, C 1-12 Alkyl or C 2-12 Alkenyl groups, and most preferably selected from the group consisting of:

[0130]

[0131] Further preferred compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, and IIE are shown below.

[0132] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from Formula IIA:

[0133]

[0134] The subscript 'a' indicates 1 or 2, and alkyl and alkyl * Each of the terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0135] The LC medium particularly preferred by the present invention comprises one or more compounds selected from compounds of formulas IIA-2, IIA-8, IIA-10, IIA-16, IIA-18, IIA-40, IIA-41, IIA-42 and IIA-43.

[0136] Preferred LC media also contain one or more compounds of formula IIA-Y.

[0137]

[0138] Where R 21 and R 22 It has one of the meanings given in Equation IIA above, and L 1 and L 2 F or Cl can be represented in the same or different ways.

[0139] Preferred compounds of formula IIA-Y are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0140]

[0141] Among them, Alkyl and Alkyl * Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; Alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms; Alkenyl and Alkenyl * Each of these characters independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2-6 carbon atoms, and O represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. Alkenyl and Alkenyl * The preferred representations are CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0142] The particularly preferred compounds of formula IIA-Y are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0143]

[0144] Alkoxy and Alkoxy * It has the meaning defined above and preferably represents methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, n-butoxy or n-pentoxy.

[0145] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIB selected from formulas IIB-1 to IIB-31.

[0146]

[0147] Among them alkyl and alkyl * Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. Alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0148] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from formulas IIB-2, IIB-10 and IIB-16.

[0149] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIC-1.

[0150]

[0151] Among them alkyl and alkyl * Each of the terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably in an amount of 0.5 wt%-5 wt%, particularly 1 wt%-3 wt%.

[0152] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula IID.

[0153]

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] Among them alkyl and alkyl *Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. Alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0157] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds of formula IID-1 and / or IID-4.

[0158] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula:

[0159]

[0160] The subscript 'a' indicates 1 or 2, and alkyl and alkyl * Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. Alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0161] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from formulas IIE-2, IIE-8, IIE-10, IIE-16, IIE-18, IIE-37, IIE-38, IIE-39 and IIE-40.

[0162] Highly preferred IID compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas IID-1,

[0163]

[0164] Where v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0165] The most preferred IID compounds are selected from the following sub-formula IID-4,

[0166]

[0167] Where v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0168] Highly preferred IID compounds are selected from the following sub-formula IID-14.

[0169]

[0170] Where v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0171] Highly preferred IID compounds are selected from the following sub-formula IID-17.

[0172]

[0173] Where v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0174] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IID-14a.

[0175]

[0176] Where R 21 Y and q have the meanings given in Equation IID, and R 23 for , where r is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and s is 1, 2 or 3.

[0177] Preferred compounds of formula IID-14a are compounds IID-14a-1 to IID-14a-14:

[0178]

[0179] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from formulas IIA-2, IIA-8, IIA-10, IIA-16, IIA-18, IIA-40, IIA-41, IIA-42, IIA-43, IIB-2, IIB-10, IIB-16, IIC-1, IID-4, IID-10, IIE-2, IIE-8, IIE-10, IIE-16, IIE-18, IIE-37, IIE-38, IIE-39 and IIE-40 or their derivatives.

[0180] The proportion of compounds of formula IIA and / or IIB in the whole mixture is preferably at least 20 wt%.

[0181] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula:

[0182]

[0183] The LC medium may alternatively comprise compounds of formulas IIA-2-1 to IIA-2-5, and preferably, in addition to compounds of formulas IIA-2-1 to IIA-2-5, the LC medium may also comprise one or more compounds of the following formulas:

[0184]

[0185] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula IIA-10:

[0186]

[0187] The LC medium may alternatively comprise compounds of formulas IIA-10-1 to IIA-10-5, and preferably, in addition to compounds of formulas IIA-10-1 to IIA-10-5, also comprise one or more compounds of the following formulas:

[0188]

[0189] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula:

[0190]

[0191] Alternatives to compounds of formulas IIB-10-1 to IIB-10-5, preferably, in addition to compounds of formulas IIB-10-1 to IIB-10-5, the LC medium also comprises one or more compounds of formulas IIB-10a-1 to IIB-10a-5:

[0192]

[0193] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formulas:

[0194]

[0195] Preferably, the LC medium further comprises one or more compounds of formula IIIA:

[0196]

[0197] Where R 31 R 32 A 3 Z 3 L 31 L 32 Y 1 Y 2 And n has the meaning given in Equation III above.

[0198] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIIA-1:

[0199]

[0200] The groups appearing therein have the same meaning as those given in Formula IIIA above, and preferably

[0201] R 31 and R 32 Each of them independently represents an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy group having at most 15 carbon atoms, preferably having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably one or both of them representing an alkoxy group, and

[0202] L 31 and L 32 Each can be represented independently as F or Cl, preferably both as F.

[0203] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIIA-1 selected from formula IIIA-1-1 to IIIA-1-10, preferably formula IIIA-1-6.

[0204]

[0205] Among them alkyl and alkyl * Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl and alkenyl * Each of these independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, alkoxy and alkoxy * Each independently represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and L 31 and L 32 Each can be represented independently as F or Cl, with F being the preferred choice.

[0206] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIIA-2.

[0207]

[0208] Where L 31 and L 32 Having the same meaning as given in Equation III, (O) represents O or a single bond.

[0209] R 33 This indicates an alkyl or alkenyl group, or a Cy-C group, having up to 7 carbon atoms. n H 2n+1 -,

[0210] m and n are the same or different from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, preferably 1, 2 or 3, very preferably 1, and

[0211] Cy represents an alicyclic group having 3, 4, or 5 ring atoms, which is optionally substituted with an alkyl or alkenyl group having up to 3 C atoms, or substituted with a halogen or CN, and preferably represents cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopentyl.

[0212] Compound IIIA-2 may replace compound III or be additionally included in the LC medium, preferably additionally.

[0213] The most preferred compounds of formula IIIA-2 are as follows:

[0214]

[0215] Here, alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms.

[0216] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III selected from compounds of formula IIIA-3 to IIIA-5, preferably compounds of formula III-8.

[0217]

[0218] The parameters have the meanings given above, R 31 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group, and R 32 Preferably, alkoxy groups each have 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

[0219] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIIA-6:

[0220]

[0221] The groups appearing therein have the same meaning as those given in Formula III, and preferably

[0222] R 31 and R 32 Each of these is independently an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy group having at most 15 carbon atoms, preferably having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and more preferably one or both of them representing an alkoxy group:

[0223] The most preferred compounds of formula IIIA-6 are selected from the following formula:

[0224]

[0225] Where R 32 The symbol represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl, or n-butyl, or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, or cyclopentylmethyl, or alternatively –(CH2). n F, where n is 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably C2H4F.

[0226] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IV.

[0227]

[0228] in

[0229] R 41 This indicates an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups may be present.

[0230]

[0231] Substitutes, or unsubstituted alkenyl groups having 2-7 carbon atoms, preferably n-alkyl, particularly preferably having 2, 3, 4 or 5 carbon atoms, and

[0232] R 42The term refers to an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms or an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms (preferably having 2-5 carbon atoms), an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2-7 carbon atoms, preferably having 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, more preferably vinyl or 1-propenyl and especially vinyl.

[0233] Compounds of formula IV are preferably selected from formulas IV-1 to IV-4.

[0234]

[0235] in

[0236] alkyl and alkyl' independently represent alkyl groups having 1-7 carbon atoms, preferably having 2-5 carbon atoms.

[0237] alkenyl represents an alkenyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms, preferably 2-4 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 2 carbon atoms.

[0238] 'alkenyl' represents an alkenyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms, preferably 2-4 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 2-3 carbon atoms, and...

[0239] alkoxy means an alkoxy group having 1-5 carbon atoms, preferably having 2-4 carbon atoms.

[0240] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from formulas IV-1-1 to IV-1-6.

[0241]

[0242] Most preferably, the LC medium of the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-2-1 and / or IV-2-2.

[0243]

[0244] Most preferably, the LC medium of the present invention comprises a compound of formula IV-3, particularly a compound selected from formulas IV-3-1 to IV-3-9.

[0246]

[0247] The LC medium according to the invention preferably comprises one or more compounds CC-nV and / or CC-n-Vm, particularly CC-3-V, CC-4-V, CC-3-V1 and / or CC-4-V1, preferably in a total concentration range of 20% to 70%, more preferably 25% to 55%, and very preferably 30% to 50%. CC-3-V is preferably used at a concentration of 20-60%, particularly 25-55%.

[0248] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-3 selected from formula IV-3-10 to IV-3-33:

[0249]

[0250] Where alkyl represents methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, or n-pentyl.

[0251] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises a compound of formula IV-4, particularly a compound of formula IV-4 selected from compounds of the following formula.

[0252]

[0253] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-4 and its derivatives, wherein one or both of "alkenyl" and "alkenyl'" represent , wherein m is 0, 1 or 2 and n is 0, 1 or 2, and is very preferably selected from compounds of formula IV-4-3 to IV-4-6.

[0254] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-1 or its derivatives and / or one or more compounds of formula IV-3 or its derivatives and / or one or more compounds of formula IV-4 or its derivatives, wherein the total concentration of these compounds of formula IV-1 is in the range of 1% to 30%.

[0255] The LC medium according to the invention preferably additionally comprises one or more compounds of formula IVa.

[0256]

[0257] in

[0258] R 41 and R 42 Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxy group having a maximum of 12 carbon atoms.

[0259] express , , , or ,

[0260] Z4 It represents a single bond, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -C4H8-, or -CF=CF-.

[0261] Preferred compounds of formula IVa are shown below:

[0262]

[0263] Among them alkyl and alkyl * Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.

[0264] The LC medium according to the invention preferably comprises at least one compound of formula IVa-1 and / or formula IVa-2.

[0265] The proportion of the IVa compound in the entire mixture is preferably at least 5 wt%.

[0266] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IVb-1 to IVb-3.

[0267]

[0268] in

[0269] alkyl and alkyl * Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and

[0270] alkenyl and alkenyl * Each of these groups independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms.

[0271] The proportion of compounds of formula IV-1 to IV-3 in the whole mixture is preferably at least 3 wt%, and in particular ≥5 wt%.

[0272] Of the compounds of formulas IVa-1 to IVa-4, compound IVa-2 is particularly preferred.

[0273] Of the compounds of formulas IVb-1 to IVb-3, compound IVb-2 is particularly preferred.

[0274] Particularly preferred compounds of formulas IV-1 to IV-3 are selected from the following formulas

[0275]

[0276] alkyl * It indicates an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and preferably an n-propyl group.

[0277] The LC media according to the invention particularly preferably comprise one or more compounds of the formula IVb-1-1, IVb-2-3 and / or IVb-2-4.

[0278] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula V.

[0279]

[0280] in

[0281] R 51 and R 52 Independently representing H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted with F, Cl, CN, or CF3, or at least monosubstituted with a halogen, wherein, in addition, one or more CH2 groups among these groups may be -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -OC-O-, -O-CO-,

[0282]

[0283] The O atoms are replaced by those not directly connected to each other, and preferably represent alkyl groups having 1-7 C atoms, preferably n-alkyl groups, particularly preferably n-alkyl groups having 1-5 C atoms, alkoxy groups having 1-6 C atoms, preferably n-alkoxy groups, particularly preferably n-alkoxy groups having 2-5 C atoms, alkoxyalkyl groups, alkenyl groups, or alkenyloxy groups having 2-7 C atoms, preferably having 2-4 C atoms, preferably alkenyloxy groups.

[0284]

[0285] in

[0286]

[0287] Z 51 Z 52 Each of these independently represents -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-O-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -COO-, or a single bond, preferably -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-O-, or a single bond, and particularly preferably a single bond.

[0288] n is 1 or 2.

[0289] Compounds of formula V are preferably selected from compounds of formulas V-1 to V-17:

[0290]

[0291]

[0292] Where R 51 and R 52 It has the meaning described above.

[0293] R 51 and R 52 Preferably, each represents a straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl group independently of the other.

[0294] Preferred LC media comprise one or more compounds of formulas V-1, V-3, V-4, V-6, V-7, V-10, V-11, V-12, V-14, V-15 and / or V-16.

[0295] The LC media according to the invention particularly preferably contain compounds of formula V-10 and / or IV-1, especially in amounts of 5-30%.

[0296] Preferred compounds of formula V-10 are shown below:

[0297]

[0298] The LC medium according to the invention particularly preferably comprises a combination of a tricyclic compound of formula V-10a and / or formula V-10b and one or more bicyclic compounds of formula IV-1. The total proportion of the combination of the compound of formula V-10a and / or V-10b and one or more compounds selected from the dicyclohexyl compound of formula IV-1 is 5-40%, very particularly preferably 15-35%.

[0299] The particularly preferred LC media contain compounds V-10a and IV-1-1

[0300]

[0301] Compounds V-10b and IV-1-1 are preferably present in the mixture at a concentration of 5-30%, particularly preferably 10-25%, based on the whole mixture.

[0302] Preferred LC media contain at least one compound selected from the following

[0303]

[0304] Where R 51 R 52 R 41 and R 42 It has the meaning described above. Preferably, in compounds V-6, V-7, and IV, R 51 and R 41 These represent alkyl or alkenyl groups having 1 to 6 or 2 to 6 carbon atoms, respectively, and R 52 and R 42This indicates an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Preferably, in compound V-14, R 51 It indicates an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 6 or 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and R 52 It indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0305] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula V-7, preferably compounds selected from formulas V-7a to V-7e:

[0306]

[0307] Wherein alkyl represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, and cycloalkyl represents a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylalkyl, cyclobutylalkyl, or cyclopentylalkyl.

[0308] The highly preferred compounds of formulas V-7a to V-7e are selected from compounds of formulas V7-b1 to V7-b3, V-7d-1 to V-7d-8 and V-7e-1 to V-7e-12.

[0309]

[0310]

[0311] Wherein alkyl represents ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, preferably n-propyl.

[0312] Further preferred are compounds of formula V, wherein R 51 and R 52 Each can be independently represented as a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.

[0313] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of formulas VI-1 to VI-25.

[0314]

[0315]

[0316]

[0317] in

[0318] R 61It indicates a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group with 1-6 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group with 3-6 carbon atoms; (O) indicates -O- or a single bond; X indicates F, Cl, OCF3 or OCHF2; L x It represents H or F, where m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0319] R 61 Preferred terms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, and pentoxy.

[0320] X preferably represents F or OCH3, with F being the most preferred.

[0321] The LC medium according to the invention preferably contains terphenyl of formula VI-1 to VI-25 in an amount of 2-30 wt%, particularly 5-20 wt%.

[0322] Particularly preferred are compounds of formulas VI-1, VI-2, VI-4, VI-20, VI-21, and VI-22, where X represents F. In these compounds, R... 61 Preferably, alkyl and alkoxy groups are used, each having 1-5 carbon atoms. In compounds of formula VI-20, R 61 Preferably, it represents an alkyl or alkenyl group, especially an alkyl group. In compounds of formula VI-21, R 61 Preferably, X represents an alkyl group. In compounds of formulas VI-22 to VI-25, X preferably represents F.

[0323] If the Δn value of the mixture is ≥0.1, then terphenyl compounds of formulas VI-1 to VI-25 are preferably used in the LC medium according to the invention. The preferred LC medium contains 2-20 wt% of one or more terphenyl compounds selected from formulas VI-1 to VI-25.

[0324] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of formulas VII-1 to VII-9.

[0325]

[0326] in

[0327] R 71 Each independently possesses the properties of R in Equation IIA. 21 One of the meanings shown, and

[0328] w and x each represent 1 to 6 independently.

[0329] Liquid crystal media comprising at least one compound of formula VII-9 are particularly preferred.

[0330] LC media, comprising one or more substances containing tetrahydronaphthyl or naphthyl units, such as compounds of formulas N-1 to N-5.

[0331]

[0332] in

[0333] R N1 and R N2 Each independently possesses the above-mentioned characteristics for R. 21 The meaning of the above preferably refers to a straight-chain alkyl, a straight-chain alkoxy, or a straight-chain alkenyl group, and

[0334] Z N1 and Z N2 Each of these can be represented independently as -C2H4-, -CH=CH-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)3O-, -O(CH2)3-, -CH=CHCH2CH2-, -CH2CH2CH=CH-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2-, or a single bond.

[0335] LC media comprising one or more compounds selected from those of formula BC difluorodibenzo-p-chloro, formula CR chloro, and formulas PH-1 and PH-2 fluorophenanthrene compounds.

[0336]

[0337] in

[0338] R 81 and R 82 Each has its own R independently 21 Meaning, and c is 0, 1, or 2. R 81 and R 82 Preferably, alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1-6 carbon atoms are represented independently of each other.

[0339] Y 1 Y 2 Y 3 Y 4 Each can be represented independently as H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3, or OCH3.

[0340] The LC medium according to the invention preferably contains compounds of formula BC, CR, PH-1, and PH-2 in an amount of 3-20 wt%, particularly in an amount of 3-15 wt%.

[0341] Particularly preferred compounds of formulas BC and CR are compounds BC-1 to BC-7 and CR-1 to CR-5.

[0342]

[0343]

[0344] in

[0345] alkyl and alkyl * Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and

[0346] alkenyl and alkenyl * Each of these groups independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms.

[0347] It is particularly preferred that the LC medium contains one, two or three compounds of the form BC-2, BF-1 and / or BF-2.

[0348] The particularly preferred compound of formula BC is compound B(A)-2O-O2.

[0349]

[0350] Particularly preferred compounds of formula PH-1 are compounds B(P)-2O-O3 and B(P)-2O-O4.

[0351]

[0352] LC media containing one or more Ininium compounds,

[0353]

[0354] in

[0355] R 91 , R 92 , R 93 Each of these groups independently represents a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, or alkenyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.

[0356] R 92 and R 93 It can also represent halogen, preferably F.

[0357] express

[0358]

[0359] i represents 0, 1, or 2.

[0360] Preferred In compounds are those of formulas In-1 to In-16 as described below:

[0361]

[0362]

[0363] Compounds of formulas In-1, In-2, In-3 and In-4 are particularly preferred.

[0364] Compounds of formula In and sub-formulas In-1 to In-16 are preferably used in the LC media of the present invention at a concentration of ≥5 wt%, particularly 5-30 wt% and very particularly preferably 5-25 wt%.

[0365] LC media, comprising one or more compounds of formulas L-1 to L-8,

[0366]

[0367] in

[0368] R L1 and R L2 Each of them independently possesses the above-mentioned characteristics for R in Equation IIA. 21 The meanings are as follows: alkyl indicates an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms. The parameter s indicates 1 or 2.

[0369] Compounds of formulas L-1 to L-8 are preferably used at a concentration of 5-15 wt%, particularly 5-12 wt%, and very particularly preferably 8-10 wt%.

[0370] LC media, comprising one or more tetraphenyl compounds selected from the following formula:

[0371]

[0372] in

[0373] R Q It is an alkyl, alkoxy, oxalyl, or alkoxyalkyl group having 1-9 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2-9 carbon atoms, all of which may optionally be fluorinated.

[0374] X Q It is F, Cl, a haloalkyl or alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms, or a haloalkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2-6 carbon atoms.

[0375] L Q1 -L Q6 Each is independently H or F, where L Q1 -L Q6 At least one of them is F.

[0376] The preferred compound of formula Q is wherein R Q Those that represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 2-6 C- atoms are very preferred, with ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl being the most preferred.

[0377] The preferred compound of formula Q is wherein L Q3 and L Q4 Those that are F. A further preferred compound of formula Q is wherein L... Q3 L Q4 and L Q1 and L Q2 Those whose one or two are F.

[0378] The preferred compound of formula Q is wherein X Q For those representing F or OCF3, F is highly preferred.

[0379] Compound Q is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas

[0380]

[0381] Where R Q It has one of the meanings of formula Q or one of its preferred meanings given in the context, and preferably ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl.

[0382] The preferred compound is of formula Q1, especially R. Q Those that are n-propyl.

[0383] Preferably, the proportion of compound Q in the LC medium is >0 to ≤5 wt%, very preferably 0.05-2 wt%, more preferably 0.1-1 wt%, and most preferably 0.1-0.8 wt%.

[0384] The preferred LC medium contains 1-5 compounds, preferably 1 or 2 compounds of formula Q.

[0385] Adding a Q-type tetraphenyl compound to a polymerizable LC mixture can reduce ODF inhomogeneity while maintaining high UV absorption, enabling rapid and complete polymerization, producing a strong and fast tilt angle, and improving the UV stability of the LC medium.

[0386] Furthermore, adding a Q-type compound with positive dielectric anisotropy to an LC dielectric with negative dielectric anisotropy allows for better control of the dielectric constant ε. || and ε ⊥ The value of ε can be achieved, especially high dielectric constant ε. || The value of is adjusted, and the dielectric anisotropy Δε is kept constant, thereby reducing the recoil voltage and reducing image stickiness.

[0387] The LC medium according to the present invention preferably comprises

[0388] - One or more compounds of formula I or its sub-formulas, in an amount of 0.1-5.5% by weight, very preferably 0.2-5% by weight, and most preferably 0.5-3.5% by weight;

[0389] and / or

[0390] - One or more compounds of formula III, preferably compounds of formula III-1 and III-6, very preferably compounds of formula III-1-1 and III-6-2, preferably with a total concentration in the range of 2%-25%, very preferably 4%-15%;

[0391] and / or

[0392] - One or more compounds of formula II or its sub-formulas, preferably compounds of formula IIA and / or IID, preferably with a total concentration of 30%-65%, more preferably 35%-60%, and particularly preferably from 40%-55%;

[0393] and / or

[0394] - One or more compounds of formula IV or its sub-formulas, preferably compounds of formula IV-3, preferably with a total concentration in the range of 35%-60%, more preferably 40%-55%, and particularly preferably 40%-50%;

[0395] and / or

[0396] - One or more compounds of formula V or its sub-formulas, preferably compounds of formula V-9, preferably with a total concentration in the range of 0.1%-30%, more preferably 0.25%-25%, and particularly preferably 0.5%-20%;

[0397] The following are further preferred embodiments, where the acronyms used are explained in Table B:

[0398] - One or more compounds CCZPC-nm, particularly CCZPC-3-3, preferably in a proportion of 0.1-5.5% by weight, very preferably 0.2-5% by weight, and most preferably 0.5-3.5% by weight;

[0399] and / or

[0400] - One or more compounds B(S)-nO-Om and / or COB(S)-n-Om, especially B(S)-2O-O5 and / or COB(S)-2-O4, preferably in the range of 2-25%, more preferably 3-20%, and most preferably 4-15%;

[0401] and / or

[0402] - Y-nO-Om, CCY-n-Om, LY-n-Om and / or CLY-n-Om, especially Y-4O-O4, CCY-3-O1, CCY-3-O2, CCY-3-O3, CLY-2-O4, CLY-3-O2, CLY-3-O3, CLY-4-O2 and / or CLY-5-O2, preferably with a total concentration in the range of 30%-65%, more preferably in the range of 35%-60%, based on the mixture as a whole;

[0403] and / or

[0404] - One or more compounds CC-nV, particularly CC-3-V, preferably in a total concentration range of 20%-60%, more preferably 25%-50%, and most preferably 35%-45%;

[0405] - One or more compounds CY-n-Om, particularly CY-3-O4, CY-5-O4 and / or CY-3-O2, preferably in a total concentration of 5%-30%, more preferably 10%-20%, based on the mixture as a whole;

[0406] - One or more compounds PY-n-Om, particularly PY-1-O2, PY-2-O2 and / or PY-3-O2, preferably in a total concentration of 5%-40%, more preferably 10%-30%, based on the mixture as a whole;

[0407] and / or

[0408] - One or more compounds CPY-n-Om, particularly CPY-2-O2, CPY-3-O2 and / or CPY-5-O2, preferably at a concentration >5%, particularly 7%-20%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0409] and / or

[0410] - One or more compounds CCY-n-Om, preferably CCY-4-O2, CCY-3-O2, CCY-3-O3, CCY-3-O1 and / or CCY-5-O2, preferably at a concentration >3%, particularly 5%-15%, based on the mixture as a whole;

[0411] and / or

[0412] - One or more compounds CPY-n-Om and CY-n-Om, preferably at a concentration of 10-80%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0413] and / or

[0414] - One or more compounds CPY-n-Om and PY-n-Om, preferably CPY-2-O2 and / or CPY-3-O2 and PY-3-O2 or PY-1-O2, preferably at a concentration of 5-20%, more preferably 10-15%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0415] and / or

[0416] - One or more compounds selected from CCH-13, CCH-23, CCH-34, CCH-35, CCH-301, and CCH-303, preferably in a total concentration of 3-40%, more preferably 3-25%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0417] and / or

[0418] - One or more compounds selected from CC-2-V1, CC-3-V1, CC-3-V2, CC-4-V1, CC-3-V, CC-4-V, and CC-5-V, preferably in a total concentration of 3-50%, more preferably 5-45%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0419] and / or

[0420] - One or more compounds CCP-nm and / or CCP-Vn-m and / or CPP-nm, preferably selected from CCP-3-1, CCP-V-1, CCP-V2-1 and CPP-3-2, preferably with a total concentration of 4-35%, more preferably 5-25%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0421] and / or

[0422] - One or more compounds CLP-nm, CLP-n-Om and / or CLP-Vn-m, preferably selected from CLP-3-1, CLP-3-2, CLP-3-O1, CLP-3-O2 and CLP-V-1, preferably with a total concentration of 1-25%, more preferably 2-15%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0423] and / or

[0424] - One or more compounds selected from PYP-nm, PGIY-n-Om, and PGP-n-2V, preferably with a total concentration of 2-20%, more preferably 2%-15%, and most preferably 2-10%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0425] and / or

[0426] - One or more compounds PP-nm and / or PP-n-nVm, preferably selected from PP-1-3, PP-1-4, PP-1-5, PP-1-2V, and PP-1-2V1, preferably with a total concentration of 1-15%, more preferably 2-10%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0427] and / or

[0428] - Compound PPGU-3-F, preferably at a concentration of 0.1%-3%, based on the mixture as a whole.

[0429] Advantageously, the liquid crystal medium according to the invention preferably has a nematic phase with a temperature of ≤-20°C to ≥70°C, particularly preferably ≤-30°C to ≥80°C, and very particularly preferably ≤-40°C to ≥90°C.

[0430] The LC medium according to the invention has a clearing temperature of 70°C or higher, preferably 74°C or higher.

[0431] The phrase "possessing a nematic phase" here means, on the one hand, that no smectic phase or crystallization was observed at the corresponding temperature at low temperatures, and on the other hand, that the nematic phase did not become clear upon heating. Low-temperature studies were conducted in a flow viscometer at the corresponding temperatures and verified by storing the medium in a test chamber with a layer thickness corresponding to the electro-optic application for at least 100 hours. If the storage stability in the corresponding test chamber at -20°C is 1000 hours or more, the LC medium is said to be stable at that temperature. At -30°C and -40°C, the corresponding times are 500 hours and 250 hours, respectively. At high temperatures, the clearing point is measured in a capillary using conventional methods.

[0432] The liquid crystal mixture preferably has a nematic phase range of at least 60 K and a maximum thickness of 30 mm at 20°C. 2 × s -1 Flow viscosity ν 20 .

[0433] The mixture is nematic at -20°C or lower, preferably -30°C or lower, and very preferably -40°C or lower.

[0434] The birefringence Δn value in the liquid crystal mixture is typically 0.07-0.16, preferably 0.08-0.15, and very preferably 0.09-0.14. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium has a birefringence in the range of 0.085-0.110, preferably 0.097-0.108, and particularly 0.090-0.107.

[0435] The liquid crystal mixture according to the invention has a dielectric anisotropy Δε of -1.5 to -8.0, preferably -2.0 to -4.0, and particularly -2.5 to -3.6.

[0436] rotational viscosity 1. At 20°C, the rotational viscosity is preferably ≤ 120 mPa×s, particularly ≤ 105 mPa×s. In a preferred embodiment, the rotational viscosity at 20°C is... 1 is ≤ 100 mPa×s, especially ≤ 95 mPa×s.

[0437] The liquid crystal media of the present invention have relatively low threshold voltages (V0). They are preferably from 1.7 V to 3.0 V, particularly preferably ≤ 2.7 V and very particularly preferably ≤ 2.5 V.

[0438] For the purposes of this invention, unless otherwise expressly stated, the term “threshold voltage” refers to the capacitive threshold (V0), also known as the Freedericks threshold.

[0439] Furthermore, the liquid crystal medium of the present invention has a high voltage retention rate in the liquid crystal cell.

[0440] Typically, liquid crystal media with low addressing voltage or threshold voltage exhibit lower voltage retention than those with higher addressing voltage or threshold voltage, and vice versa.

[0441] For the purposes of this invention, the term "dielectrically positive compound" refers to a compound having Δε > 1.5, the term "dielectrically neutral compound" refers to those having -1.5 ≤ Δε ≤ 1.5, and the term "dielectrically negative compound" refers to those having Δε < -1.5. Here, the dielectric anisotropy of the compound is determined by dissolving 10% of the compound in a liquid crystal matrix in at least one test cell and measuring the capacitance of the resulting mixture. In each case, the test cell has a layer thickness of 20 µm and has vertical and surface alignment at 1 kHz. The measurement voltage is typically 0.5 V–1.0 V, but is always below the capacitance threshold of each liquid crystal mixture studied.

[0442] All temperature values ​​described in this invention are in °C.

[0443] The LC dielectric according to the invention is suitable for all FFS (edge ​​field switching) and UB-FFS (ultra-bright FFS) applications with negative Δε. The LC dielectric according to the invention is further suitable for all VA-TFT (vertically aligned thin-film transistor) applications, such as VAN (vertically aligned nematic), MVA (multi-domain VA), (S)-PVA (super-patterned VA), ASV (advanced super-view or axisymmetric VA), PSA (polymer-stabilized VA), and PS-VA (polymer-stabilized VA). Furthermore, they are also suitable for IPS (in-plane switching) applications with negative Δε.

[0444] The nematic LC medium in the display of the present invention typically comprises two components, A and B, which are themselves composed of one or more separate compounds.

[0445] Component A exhibits significant negative dielectric anisotropy, and makes the dielectric anisotropy of the nematic phase ≤ -0.5. It preferably includes compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, and / or IID, in addition to one or more compounds of formula III.

[0446] The proportion of component A is preferably 45-100%, especially 60-85%.

[0447] For component A, it is preferable to select one or more individual compounds with a value of Δε ≤ -1.5. The smaller the proportion of A in the entire mixture, the more negative this value will be.

[0448] Component B is a dielectric neutral compound, which has Furthermore, component B exhibits significant nematogeneity, and its flow viscosity at 20°C is no greater than 30 mm. 2 × s -1 Preferably no larger than 25 mm 2 ×s -1 .

[0449] Those skilled in the art are aware of a variety of suitable materials from the literature.

[0450] A particularly preferred single compound in component B is a nematic liquid crystal with extremely low viscosity, having a flow viscosity of no more than 18 mm at 20°C. 2 × s -1 Preferably no larger than 12 mm 2 × s -1 .

[0451] Component B is a monotropically or enantiotropically nematic, lacks a smectic phase, and can prevent the formation of a smectic phase in the LC medium at very low temperatures. For example, if various highly nematic materials are added to a smectic liquid crystal mixture, the nematic states of these materials can be compared by suppressing the degree to which a smectic phase is formed.

[0452] The mixture may also optionally contain component C, which comprises a compound having a dielectric anisotropy of Δε ≥ 1.5. These so-called positive compounds are typically present in amounts of ≤ 20 wt% in the mixture of negative dielectric anisotropy, based on the whole mixture.

[0453] In addition to one or more compounds of formula III, the LC medium preferably contains 4-15, particularly 5-12, and especially preferably <10 compounds of formula IIA and / or IID.

[0454] In addition to compounds of formula III and formulas IIA and / or IID, other components may also be present in an amount of up to 45% of the total mixture, but preferably up to 35%, and particularly up to 10%.

[0455] Other components are preferably selected from nematogenic substances, particularly from known substances of the following classes: azobenzene, benzenemethylaniline, biphenyl, terphenyl, phenyl benzoate or cyclohexyl benzoate, phenyl cyclohexanecarboxylate or cyclohexanecarboxylate, phenylcyclohexane, cyclohexylbiphenyl, cyclohexylcyclohexane, cyclohexylnaphthalene, 1,4-bicyclohexylbiphenyl or cyclohexylpyrimidine, phenyl dioxane or cyclohexyldioxane, optionally halogenated stilbene, benzylphenyl ether, diphenylacetylene, and substituted cinnamates.

[0456] The most important compound suitable as a component of this type of liquid crystal phase can be characterized by the following formula R.

[0457] R R1 -LGER R2 R

[0458] Where L and E each refer to carbocyclic or heterocyclic systems derived from the following groups: 1,4-disubstituted benzene rings and cyclohexane rings; 4,4'-disubstituted biphenyl, phenylcyclohexane, and cyclohexylcyclohexane systems; 2,5-disubstituted pyrimidine and 1,3-dioxane rings; 2,6-disubstituted naphthalene, dihydronaphthalene, and tetrahydronaphthalene; quinazoline and tetrahydroquinazoline.

[0459] G represents -CH=CH- -N(O)=N-

[0460] -CH=CQ- -CH=N(O)-

[0461] -C≡C- -CH2-CH2-

[0462] -CO-O- -CH2-O-

[0463] -CO-S- -CH2-S-

[0464] -CH=N- -COO-Phe-COO-

[0465] -CF2O- -CF=CF-

[0466] -OCF2- -OCH2-

[0467] -(CH2)4- -(CH2)3O-

[0468] Or a CC single bond, Q refers to halogen, preferably chlorine or -CN, and R R1and R R2 Each refers to an alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or alkoxycarbonyl group having up to 18, preferably up to 8, carbon atoms, or one of these groups refers to CN, NC, NO2, NCS, CF3, SF5, OCF3, F, Cl or Br.

[0469] In most of these compounds, R R1 and R R2 These substances differ from one another; one of these groups is typically alkyl or alkoxy. Other variations of the proposed substituents are also common. Many such substances, or mixtures thereof, are commercially available. All of these substances can be prepared by methods known from the literature.

[0470] It will be self-evident to those skilled in the art that the VA, IPS or FFS mixtures according to the present invention may also contain compounds in which, for example, H, N, O, Cl and F are substituted with corresponding isotopes.

[0471] The liquid crystal medium preferably has a nematic phase.

[0472] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more polymerizable compounds, preferably selected from polymerizable mesocrystalline compounds, also known as "reactive mesocrystalline" or RM, and very preferably selected from formula M

[0473] R a -B 1 -(Z m -B 2 ) m -R b M

[0474] Each of the groups, in each occurrence, either identically or differently, and each independently of the others, has the following meaning:

[0475] R a and R b It is P, P-Sp-, H, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, SF5, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 25 C atoms, wherein, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently separated from each other by -C(R) 0 )=C(R 00 )-、-C≡C-、-N(R 00 -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- are substituted in such a way that O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other, and, furthermore, one or more H atoms can be substituted by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, P or P-Sp-, wherein if B 1 and / or B 2If R contains saturated C atoms, then a and / or R b It can also represent a group that is spirotropically attached to the saturated C atom.

[0476] Wherein group R a and R b At least one of them represents or contains the group P or P-Sp-,

[0477] P is a polymerizable group.

[0478] Sp is a spacer group or a single bond.

[0479] B 1 and B 2 Preferably, it is an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic, or heterocyclic group having 4 to 25 ring atoms, which may also contain a fused ring, and it is unsubstituted, or monosubstituted or polysubstituted with L.

[0480] Z m is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -(CH2) n1 -、

[0481] -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -(CF2) n1 -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH-, -CH2CH2-CO-O-, O-CO-CH2-CH2-, -CR 0 R 00 -or a single key,

[0482] R 0 and R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0483] m can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0484] n1 is 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0485] L is P, P-Sp-, OH, CH2OH, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R x )2、-C(=O)Y 1 -C(=O)R x -N(R) x2) Optionally substituted silyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein, in addition, one or more H atoms may be substituted by F, Cl, P, or P-Sp-.

[0486] Y 1 Halogen,

[0487] R x It is a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other, wherein, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, P or P-Sp-, an optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms.

[0488] The polymerizable group P is suitable for polymerization reactions, such as free radical or ionic chain polymerization, addition polymerization or condensation polymerization, or for reactions similar to polymers, such as groups that add to or condense on the polymer backbone. Particularly preferred are groups for chain polymerization, especially those containing C=C double bonds or -C≡C- triple bonds, and groups suitable for ring-opening polymerization, such as oxobutyl or epoxy groups.

[0489] The most preferred compound M is selected from the following formula:

[0490]

[0491] Each of the groups, when appearing in the same or different manner, and independently of each other, has the following meaning:

[0492] P 1 P 2 P 3 It is a polymerizable group, preferably selected from ethyleneoxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloropropionate, oxetyl, and epoxy groups, with acrylate or methacrylate being very preferred.

[0493] Sp 1 Sp 2 Sp3 It is a single bond or a spacer group, wherein, in addition, the group P 1 -Sp 1 -、P 2 -Sp 2 -and P 3 -Sp 3 One or more of - can also represent R M The condition is the presence of the group P. 1 -Sp 1 -、P 2 -Sp 2 and P 3 -Sp 3 - at least one of them is different from R M Preferably, it has one of the preferred meanings of Sp given above, and very preferably -(CH2). p1 -、-(CH2) p1 -O-、-(CH2) p1 -CO-O- or (CH2) p1 -O-CO-O-, where p1 is an integer from 1 to 12.

[0494] R M Represents H, F, Cl, CN, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 25 C atoms, wherein, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently separated by -C(R) 0 )=C(R 00 )-、-C≡C-、-N(R 0 -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- can be substituted in such a way that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other, and wherein, in addition, one or more H atoms can be replaced by F, Cl, CN or P. 1 -Sp 1 - Alternatively preferred are straight-chain or branched optionally monofluorinated or polyfluorinated alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (wherein the alkenyl and alkynyl groups have at least two carbon atoms and the branched groups have at least three carbon atoms), and wherein R aa Does not represent or contain the group P 1 P 2 or P 3 ,

[0495] R 0 R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0496] R y and R zIt is H, F, CH3 or CF3,

[0497] X 1 X 2 X 3 It is -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or a single bond.

[0498] Z M1 It is -O-, -CO-, -C(R) y R z - or -CF2CF2-,

[0499] Z M2 Z M3 It can be -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, or -(CH2). n - where n is 2, 3, or 4.

[0500] L is F, Cl, CN, or a straight or branched alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxycarbonyloxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0501] L' and L'' are H, F, or Cl.

[0502] k is 0 or 1.

[0503] r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0504] s is 0, 1, 2, or 3.

[0505] t is 0, 1, or 2.

[0506] x is 0 or 1.

[0507] Compounds of formulas M2, M13, and M32 are highly preferred, especially those containing exactly two polymerizable groups P. 1 and P 2 Bireactive compounds.

[0508] Further preferred are compounds selected from formulas M17 to M31, particularly those selected from formulas M20, M22, M26, M29, and M31, especially those containing exactly three polymerizable groups P. 1 P 2 and P 3 Tri-reactive compounds.

[0509] In compounds of formulas M1 to M32, the group

[0510]

[0511] Wherein L has one of the meanings given in the context each time it appears, and is preferably F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, C(CH3)3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH(CH3)C2H5, -CH=CH2, C(CH3)=CH2, SCH3, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5 or P-Sp-, very preferably F, Cl, CN, CH3, C2H5, -CH=CH2, C(CH3)=CH2, SCH3, OCH3, COCH3, OCF3 or P-Sp-, more preferably F, Cl, CH3, -CH=CH2, C(CH3)=CH2, SCH3, OCH3, COCH3 or OCF3, and most preferably F, SCH3 or OCH3.

[0512] Preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M32 are those in which P 1 P 2 and P 3 Compounds representing acrylate, methacrylate, oxobutyl, or epoxy groups are preferred, with acrylate or methacrylate groups being the most preferred.

[0513] Further preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M32 are those in which Sp 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 It refers to compounds with single bonds.

[0514] Further preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M32 are those in which Sp 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 One of them is a single bond and Sp 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 Another compound that differs from those with single bonds.

[0515] Further preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M32 are those Sp groups that are different from single bonds. 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 It represents -(CH2) s1 Compounds of type -X"-, wherein s1 is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably 2, 3, 4 or 5, and X" is a linking group to the benzene ring and is -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O, -O-CO-O- or a single bond.

[0516] Further preferred polymerizable compounds are selected from Table E below, particularly from formulas RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, RM-103, RM-109, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143, RM-145, RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156 to RM-163, RM-169, RM-170 and RM-171 to RM-183.

[0517] Particularly preferred are LC media, which contain one, two or three polymerizable compounds of formula M.

[0518] Further preferred are LC media comprising two or more bireactive polymerizable compounds of formula M, preferably selected from formulas M1 to M16 and M32, and very preferably selected from formulas M2, M13 and M32.

[0519] Further preferred are liquid crystal media comprising one or more bireactive polymerizable compounds of formula M, preferably selected from formulas M1 to M16 and M32, very preferably selected from formulas M2, M13 and M32, and one or more trireactive polymerizable compounds of formula M, preferably selected from formulas M17 to M32, very preferably selected from formulas M20, M22, M26, M29 and M31.

[0520] Further preferred is the LC medium, which comprises one or more polymerizable compounds of formula M, wherein at least one r is not 0, or at least one of s and t is not 0, very preferably selected from formulas M2, M13, M22, M24, M27, M29, M31 and M32, and wherein L is selected from the preferred groups shown above, most preferably selected from F, OCH3 and SCH3.

[0521] Further preferred are LC media, which contain one or more polymerizable compounds that exhibit absorption in the wavelength range of 320-380 nm, preferably selected from formula M, and very preferably selected from formulas M1 to M32.

[0522] The LC medium is particularly preferred, which contains one, two or three polymerizable compounds selected from formula M or formulas M1 to M32.

[0523] The combination of the compounds of the preferred embodiments described above with the polymerized compounds described in the context results in a low threshold voltage, low rotational viscosity, and very good low-temperature stability in the LC medium according to the invention, while also resulting in constant high-definition bright spots and a high HR value, and allowing for rapid establishment of particularly low tilt angles (i.e., large tilts) in PSA displays. In particular, compared to prior art LC media, this LC medium exhibits a significantly shorter response time in PSA displays, especially a significantly shorter grayscale response time.

[0524] For use in PSA displays, the total proportion of polymerizable compounds (e.g., those of formula M or M1 to M32) in the LC medium is preferably 0.01-2.0%, very preferably 0.1-1.0%, and most preferably 0.2-0.8%.

[0525] For use in SA-VA displays, the total proportion of polymerizable compounds (e.g., those of formula M or M1 to M32) in the LC medium is preferably > 0 to < 3%, very preferably > 0 to < 2%, more preferably 0.05-2.0%, and most preferably 0.05-1.0%.

[0526] Compounds of formula M and its sub-formulas can be prepared by methods similar to those known to those skilled in the art and described in standard works of organic chemistry, such as Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie [Methods of OrganicChemistry], Thieme-Verlag, and Stuttgart.

[0527] For example, acrylates or methacrylates can be prepared by esterification of the corresponding alcohol with an acid derivative, such as (meth)acryloyl chloride or (meth)acrylic anhydride, in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine and 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP). Alternatively, the ester can be prepared by esterification of the alcohol with (meth)acrylic acid in the presence of a dehydrating agent, such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC), or N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride according to Steglich, and DMAP.

[0528] The present invention also relates to LC media or LC displays as described above, wherein polymerizable compounds, such as those of formula M and its sub-formulas, are present in a polymerized form.

[0529] Optionally, one or more polymerization initiators are added to the LC medium. Suitable polymerization conditions, as well as suitable initiator types and amounts, are known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature. Suitable initiators for free radical polymerization include, for example, commercially available photoinitiators such as Irgacure 651®, Irgacure 184®, Irgacure 907®, Irgacure 369®, or Darocure 1173® (Ciba AG). If a polymerization initiator is used, its proportion is preferably 0.001-5 wt%, particularly preferably 0.001-1 wt%.

[0530] The polymerizable compounds of this invention are also suitable for polymerization without an initiator, which has significant advantages, such as lower material costs, and especially less contamination of the LC medium by possible residual initiator or its degradation products. Therefore, polymerization can also be carried out without the addition of an initiator. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the LC medium does not contain a polymerization initiator.

[0531] The LC medium may also contain one or more stabilizers to prevent unwanted spontaneous polymerization of RM, for example, during storage or transport. Suitable types and amounts of stabilizers are known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature. Particularly suitable are, for example, commercially available stabilizers from the Irganox® series (Ciba AG), such as Irganox® 1076. If stabilizers are used, their proportion, based on the total amount of RM or polymerizable component (component A), is preferably 10-50,000 ppm, particularly preferably 50-5,000 ppm.

[0532] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains one or more chiral dopants, preferably at a concentration of 0.01-1 wt%, very preferably 0.05-0.5 wt%. The chiral dopants are preferably selected from compounds in Table C below, very preferably R- or S-1011, R- or S-2011, R- or S-3011, R- or S-4011 and R- or S-5011.

[0533] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains a racemic form of one or more chiral dopants, preferably selected from the chiral dopants mentioned in the previous paragraph.

[0534] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium contains one or more other stabilizers.

[0535] Preferred stabilizers are selected from compounds of formula H.

[0536]

[0537] in

[0538] Ar represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 40 C atoms, preferably 6 to 30 C atoms;

[0539] Sp indicates a spacer group;

[0540] R S It represents H, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms;

[0541] Z S Represents -O-, -C(O)O-, and -(CH2). z -or-(CH2) z O- or single bond;

[0542]

[0543] R H Represents H and O · CH3, OH or OR S H or O is preferred · ;

[0544] R S1 R S2 R S3 and R S4 The same or different can refer to alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and very preferably CH3;

[0545] G represents H or R S or group Z S -HA;

[0546] z is an integer from 1 to 6; and

[0547] q is 3 or 4.

[0548] Compounds of formula H are described in EP3354710 A1 and EP3354709 A1.

[0549] Preferred compounds of formula H are selected from formulas H-1, H-2, and H-3:

[0550]

[0551] Where R H It has the meaning given above and preferably represents H or O. · And n is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, very preferably 7, and Sp represents a spacer group, preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent -CH2- groups can be replaced by -O-.

[0552] Preferred compounds of formula H-1 are those of formula H-1-1:

[0553]

[0554] Where R H It has the meaning given above and preferably represents H or O. · And n is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, and very preferably 7.

[0555] The most preferred compounds of formula H-1-1 are those of formula H-1-1-1:

[0556]

[0557] Preferred compounds of formula H-2 are those of formula H-2-1:

[0558]

[0559] Where R H It has the meaning given above and preferably represents H or O. · And n2, in each occurrence, is the same or different, preferably the same integer from 1 to 12, preferably 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, very preferably 3, and R S In each instance, whether identical or different, it preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably n-butyl.

[0560] The most preferred compounds of formula H-2-1 are those of formula H-2-1-1:

[0561]

[0562] Preferred compounds of formula H-3 are selected from formula H-3-1:

[0563]

[0564] Sp and R H It has the meaning given above and R H Preferably represented by H or O · And n is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, and very preferably 7.

[0565] Further preferred stabilizers are selected from formulas ST-1 to ST-18:

[0566]

[0567] in

[0568] R STRepresents H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, wherein, in addition, one or more CH2 groups may be independently coupled with -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

[0569]

[0570] -O-, -CO-O-, and -O-CO- are substitutions where the O atom is not directly bonded to each other, and one or more of the other H atoms can be replaced by halogens.

[0571] The same or different meanings each time it appears. or ,

[0572] Z ST Each of these can be independently represented as -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-, -CH2O-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, or a single bond.

[0573] L 1 and L 2 Each can independently represent F, Cl, CH3, CF3, or CHF2.

[0574] p represents 0, 1, or 2.

[0575] q represents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.

[0576] Preferred ST compounds are those selected from ST-3, especially:

[0577]

[0578] In compounds of formula ST-3a and ST-3b, n preferably represents 3. In compounds of formula ST-2a, n preferably represents 7.

[0579] The most preferred stabilizers are selected from formulas ST-2a-1, ST-3a-1, ST-3a-2, ST-3b-1, ST-3b-2, ST-7, ST-8-1, ST-9-1 and ST-12:

[0580]

[0581]

[0582] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more stabilizers selected from Table D below.

[0583] Preferably, the proportion of stabilizer in the LC medium is 10-500 ppm, and most preferably 20-100 ppm.

[0584] The LC medium according to the invention may additionally contain one or more other components or additives, preferably selected from the following list, including but not limited to comonomers, chiral dopants, polymerization initiators, inhibitors, stabilizers, surfactants, wetting agents, lubricants, dispersants, hydrophobic agents, binders, flow improvers, defoamers, degassing agents, diluents, reactive diluents, auxiliaries, colorants, dyes, pigments and nanoparticles.

[0585] In addition, 0 to 15% by weight of pleochroic dyes, nanoparticles, conductive salts, preferably ammonium ethyl dimethyl dodecyl 4-hexyloxybenzoate, ammonium tetrabutyltetraphenylborate, or complex salts of crown ethers (see, for example, Haller et al., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 24, 249-258 (1973)) can be added to the LC medium to improve conductivity, or substances can be added to modify the dielectric anisotropy, viscosity, and / or orientation of the nematic phase. Such substances are described, for example, in DE-A 22 09 127, 22 40864, ​​23 21 632, 23 38 281, 24 50 088, 26 37 430, and 28 53 728.

[0586] The individual components of the preferred embodiments of the LC media listed above according to the invention are known, or the methods for preparing them can be obtained from the prior art by those skilled in the art, as they are based on standard methods described in the literature. For example, corresponding compounds of formula CY are described in EP-A-0 364 538. For example, corresponding compounds of formula IV are described in DE-A-26 36 684 and DE-A-33 21 373.

[0587] The LC media used according to the invention can be prepared by conventional methods, for example by mixing one or more of the compounds mentioned above with one or more polymerizable compounds as defined above, and optionally with other liquid crystal compounds and / or additives. Typically, a desired amount of the component used in a small quantity is dissolved in the component constituting the main component, which is advantageously carried out at elevated temperatures. The solution of the components can also be mixed in an organic solvent such as acetone, chloroform, or methanol, and the solvent is removed again, for example by distillation after thorough mixing. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the LC media according to the invention.

[0588] It will be self-evident to those skilled in the art that the LC medium according to the present invention may also contain, for example, compounds in which H, N, O, Cl, and F are replaced by corresponding isotopes such as deuterium.

[0589] The following examples illustrate the invention but do not limit it. However, they demonstrate to those skilled in the art the preferred mixture concept, the preferred compounds used and their respective concentrations, and combinations thereof. Furthermore, the examples clarify which properties and combinations of properties are available.

[0590] For the purposes of this invention and in the following embodiments, the structures of the liquid crystal compounds are represented by acronyms. Unless otherwise stated, the conversion of chemical formulas is carried out according to Tables A.1 to A.3 below. All groups C n H 2n+1 C m H 2m+1 and C l H 2l+1 Or C n H 2n C m H 2m and C l H 2l The carbon atoms are straight-chain alkyl or alkylene groups, each having n, m, and l carbon atoms respectively. Preferably, n, m, and l are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 independently of each other. Table A.1 shows the codes for the ring elements of the compound core, Table A.2 lists the bridging units, and Table A.3 lists the symbol meanings of the left- and right-end groups of the molecule. Acronyms consist of the code for the ring element with an optional connecting group, followed by the first hyphen and the code for the left-end group, and the second hyphen and the code for the right-end group.

[0591] Table A.1: Ring Elements

[0592]

[0593] Table A.2: Bridging Units

[0594]

[0595] Table A.3: End bases

[0596]

[0597] Where n and m are integers, and the three dots “…” are placeholders from other abbreviations in the table.

[0598] Table B shows the illustrative structures of the compounds and their respective abbreviations, which are preferred co-compounds of the mixture concept claimed according to the present invention.

[0599] Table B

[0600] In Table B, n, m, k, and l are each independent integers, preferably 1 to 9, more preferably 1 to 7. k and l can also be 0, and preferably 0 to 4, more preferably 0 or 2, most preferably 2. n is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, or in the combination "-nO-", n is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, very preferably 2 or 4. m is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, or in the combination "-Om", m is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. The combination "-nVm" is preferably "2V1". (O)C m H 2m+1 It refers to C m H 2m+1 or OC m H 2m+1 .

[0601]

[0602] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds selected from Table B.

[0603] Table C

[0604] Table C shows possible chiral dopants that can be added to the LC medium according to the invention at a concentration of 0-5 wt%, preferably 0.01-3 wt%.

[0605]

[0606] The LC medium preferably contains 0-10 wt%, particularly 0.01-5 wt%, and especially preferably 0.1-3 wt% of a dopant. The LC medium preferably contains one or more dopants selected from compounds in Table C.

[0607] Table D

[0608] Table D shows possible stabilizers that can be added to the LC media according to the invention. Here, n represents an integer from 1 to 12, preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, and terminal methyl groups are not shown.

[0609]

[0610] The LC medium preferably contains 0 to 10 wt%, particularly 1 to 5 wt%, and especially preferably 1 ppm to 1 wt% of a stabilizer. The LC medium preferably contains one or more stabilizers selected from Table D.

[0611] Table E

[0612] Table E shows exemplary reactive mesocrystalline compounds that can be used in LC media according to the present invention.

[0613]

[0614] In a preferred embodiment, the mixture according to the invention comprises one or more polymerizable compounds, preferably selected from polymerizable compounds of formula RM-1 to RM-182. Among them, compounds RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, RM-103, RM-1 09. RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143, RM-14 5. RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156 to RM-163, RM-169, RM-170 and RM-171 to RM-183 are particularly preferred. Example

[0615] The following examples illustrate the invention but do not limit it. However, they demonstrate to those skilled in the art the concept of preferred mixtures and the preferred compounds used, their corresponding concentrations, and combinations thereof. Furthermore, the examples illustrate the available properties and combinations of properties.

[0616] In addition, the following abbreviations and symbols were used:

[0617]

[0618] Unless otherwise expressly stated, all concentrations in this application are given as weight percentages and refer to the entire mixture in question, which contains all solid or liquid crystal components (without solvent).

[0619] Unless otherwise stated, all temperature values ​​indicated in this application, such as melting point T(C,N), transformation from smectic (S) to nematic (N) T(S,N), and clearing point T(N,I), are expressed in degrees Celsius (°C). Mp represents the melting point, and cl.p. = clearing point. Furthermore, C = liquid crystal phase, N = nematic phase, S = smectic phase, and I = isotropic phase. The data between these symbols represent the transformation temperature.

[0620] All physical properties are and have been determined according to “Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals” Status November 1997, Merck KGaA, Germany, and are applicable to a temperature of 20°C, with Δn measured at 589 nm and Δε measured at 1 kHz, unless otherwise explicitly stated in each case.

[0621] The term "threshold voltage" used in this invention refers to the capacitive threshold (V0), which is also known as the Freedericks threshold, unless otherwise stated. In embodiments, the optical threshold is also, as is generally the case, for 10% relative contrast (V0). 10 (This is given.)

[0622] Unless otherwise stated, the method of polymerizing polymerizable compounds in a PSA display as described in the context, wherein the LC medium is in the form of a liquid crystal phase, preferably a nematic phase, is carried out at a temperature, and most preferably at room temperature.

[0623] Unless otherwise stated, the preparation of test kits and the measurement of their electro-optic and other properties shall be carried out by the methods described below or similar methods.

[0624] Polymerizable compounds are polymerized in a display or test chamber by irradiating the display with UV light of a defined intensity for a predetermined time while simultaneously applying a voltage (typically 10V-30V AC, 1kHz) to the display.

[0625] The tilt angle was determined using Axometrics' Mueller Matrix Polarimeter "AxoScan". Smaller values ​​(i.e., larger deviations relative to a 90° angle) correspond to larger tilts in this case.

[0626] Unless otherwise stated, the term "tilt angle" means the angle between the LC director and the substrate, and "LC director" means the preferred orientation of the optical principal axis of the LC molecules in a layer of LC molecules with uniform orientation, corresponding to the long axis of the molecules in the case of rod-shaped, uniaxial positive birefringent LC molecules. Detailed Implementation

[0628] Comparative Example 1

[0629] Prepare the nematic LC mixture C1 as follows.

[0630]

[0631] Add 0.03% ST-3a-1 and 0.01% ST-12 to 99.96% of mixture C1:

[0632]

[0633] Example 1

[0634] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N1 as follows.

[0635]

[0636]

[0637] Add 0.03% ST-3a-1 and 0.01% ST-12 to 99.96% of mixture N1.

[0638] Example 2

[0639] Prepare a nematic LC mixture N2 as follows.

[0640]

[0641] Add 0.03% ST-3a-1 and 0.01% ST-12 to 99.96% of the mixture N2.

[0642] Example 3

[0643] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N3 as follows.

[0644]

[0645]

[0646] Add 0.03% ST-3a-1 and 0.01% ST-12 to 99.96% of mixture N3.

[0647] Example 4

[0648] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N4 as follows.

[0649]

[0650] Where B(S)-(c5)2O-O4 is

[0651]

[0652] Add 100 ppm of stabilizer H-1-1-1 to mixture N4.

[0653]

[0654] Example 5

[0655] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N5 as follows.

[0656]

[0657] Add 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to mixture N5.

[0658] Example 6

[0659] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N6 as follows.

[0660]

[0661]

[0662] Add 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1 to mixture N6.

[0663]

[0664] Example 7

[0665] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N7 as follows.

[0666]

[0667] Add 50 ppm of stabilizer H-2-1-1 to mixture N7.

[0668]

[0669] Example 8

[0670] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N8 as follows.

[0671]

[0672] Add 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1 to mixture N8.

[0673]

[0674] Example 9

[0675] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N9 as follows.

[0676]

[0677]

[0678] Add 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1 to mixture N9.

[0679]

[0680] Example 10

[0681] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N10 as follows.

[0682]

[0683] Add 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12 to mixture N10.

[0684] Example 11

[0685] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N11 as follows.

[0686]

[0687]

[0688] Add 100 ppm of stabilizer H-1-1-1 to mixture N11.

[0689] Example 12

[0690] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N12 as follows.

[0691]

[0692] Add 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to mixture N12.

[0693] Example 13

[0694] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N13 as follows.

[0695]

[0696]

[0697] Add 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1 to mixture N13.

[0698] Example 14

[0699] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N14 as follows.

[0700]

[0701] Add 50 ppm of stabilizer H-2-1-1 to mixture N14.

[0702] Example 15

[0703] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N15 as follows.

[0704]

[0705]

[0706] Add 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1 to mixture N15.

[0707] Compared to Comparative Example C1 without CCZPC-3-3, Examples N1 to N15 containing CCZPC-3-3 showed better white-black image hysteresis (WB IS) results.

[0708] Furthermore, as shown in Examples N1 to N15, as the concentration of CCZPC-3-3 increased from 0.5% to 3%, the white-black image viscous (WB IS) results improved, which enabled improvements in short-term image viscous.

[0709] Example 16

[0710] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-171 and 100 ppm of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the mixture of Example 1.

[0711]

[0712] Example 17

[0713] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-1 and 100 ppm of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 to the mixture of Example 2.

[0714]

[0715] Example 18

[0716] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-35 and 50 ppm of the stabilizer H-1-1-1 to the mixture of Example 3.

[0717]

[0718] Example 19

[0719] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-120 and 150 ppm of the stabilizer ST-9-1 to the mixture of Example 4.

[0720]

[0721] Example 20

[0722] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-142 and 150 ppm of the stabilizer ST-8-1 to the mixture of Example 5.

[0723]

[0724] Example 21

[0725] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-143 and 150 ppm of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the mixture of Example 6.

[0726]

[0727] Example 22

[0728] The polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-172 and 50 ppm of the stabilizer H-2-1-1 to the mixture of Example 7.

[0729]

[0730] Example 23

[0731] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-159 and 50 ppm of the stabilizer H-2-1-1 to the mixture of Example 8.

[0732]

[0733] Example 24

[0734] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-145 to the mixture of Example 9.

[0735]

[0736] Example 25

[0737] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-156 and 150 ppm of the stabilizer ST-8-1 to the mixture of Example 10.

[0738]

[0739] Example 26

[0740] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.35% of the polymerizable compound RM-162 and 50 ppm of the stabilizer H-2-1-1 to the mixture of Example 11.

[0741]

[0742] Example 27

[0743] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.4% of the polymerizable compound RM-58 and 150 ppm of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 to the mixture of Example 12.

[0744]

[0745] Example 28

[0746] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.3% of the polymerizable compound RM-160 and 150 ppm of the stabilizer ST-8-1 to the mixture of Example 13.

[0747]

[0748] Example 29

[0749] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.4% of the polymerizable compound RM-163 and 100 ppm of the stabilizer ST-9-1 to the mixture of Example 14.

[0750]

[0751] Example 30

[0752] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.4% of the polymerizable compound RM-64 and 150 ppm of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 to the mixture of Example 15.

[0753]

[0754] Example 31

[0755] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.4% of the polymerizable compound RM-169 and 100 ppm of the stabilizer ST-8-1 to the mixture of Example 1.

[0756]

[0757] Example 32

[0758] A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding 0.4% of the polymerizable compound RM-157 and 150 ppm of the stabilizer H-2-1-1 to the mixture of Example 2.

[0759]

[0760] Example 33

[0761] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N33 as follows.

[0762]

[0763] Add 0.03% ST-3a-2 and 0.01% ST-12 to 99.96% of mixture N33.

[0764]

[0765] Example 34

[0766] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N34 as follows.

[0767]

[0768] Where B(S)-1V1O-O1(c5) is

[0769]

[0770] Add 0.03% ST-3a-2 and 0.01% ST-12 to 99.96% of mixture N34.

[0771] Example 35

[0772] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N35 as follows.

[0773]

[0774] Add 0.03% ST-3a-2 and 0.01% ST-12 to 99.96% of mixture N35.

[0775] Example 36

[0776] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N36 as follows.

[0777]

[0778] Add 0.03% ST-3a-2 and 0.01% ST-12 to 99.96% of mixture N36.

[0779] Example 37

[0780] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N37 as follows.

[0781]

[0782] Add 100 ppm of stabilizer H-1-1-1 to mixture N37.

[0783] Example 38

[0784] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N38 as follows.

[0785]

[0786] Add 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to mixture N38.

[0787] Example 39

[0788] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N39 as follows.

[0789]

[0790] Add 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-2 to mixture N39.

[0791]

[0792] Example 40

[0793] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N40 as follows.

[0794]

[0795] Add 50 ppm of stabilizer H-2-1-1 to mixture N40.

[0796] Example 41

[0797] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N41 as follows.

[0798]

[0799] Add 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1 to mixture N41.

[0800] Example 42

[0801] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N42 as follows.

[0802]

[0803] CCP-1V2-1 is

[0804]

[0805] Add 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1 to mixture N42.

[0806] Example 43

[0807] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N43 as follows.

[0808]

[0809]

[0810] Where PYP-2-(c5) is

[0811]

[0812] Add 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12 to mixture N43.

[0813] Example 44

[0814] Prepare the nematic LC mixture N44 as follows.

[0815]

[0816] Add 100 ppm of stabilizer H-1-1-1 to mixture N44.

[0817] Compared to Comparative Example C1 without CCZPC-3-3, Examples N33 to N44 containing CCZPC-3-3 showed better white-black image viscous (WB IS) results.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal medium comprising one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formula III, in R 11 and R 12 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms, preferably 1-7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2-12 carbon atoms, preferably 2-7 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. R 31 and R 32 Each group independently represents H, and is an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-15 carbon atoms, preferably 1-7 carbon atoms, wherein one or more of these groups (-CH2- groups) can be independently represented by H. , , , , , -C≡C-, -CF₂O-, -OCF₂-, -CH=CH-, are replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly bonded to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogens. A 3 Each time they appear, they independently represent 1,4-phenylene, where one or both CH groups can be substituted with N, or represent 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-cyclohexenylene, where one or both non-adjacent CH2 groups can be substituted with -O- or -S-, and the groups can be mono- or poly-substituted with halogen atoms. n represents 0, 1, or 2. Z 3 Each occurrence independently represents -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, or a single bond. L 31 and L 32 Each of them independently represents F, Cl, CF3, or CHF2, and Y 1 and Y 2 Each can be independently represented by H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3 or OCH3, with H, CH3 or OCH3 being preferred, and H being very preferred.

2. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from compounds of formula III-1 and / or III-6. The groups appearing therein have the same meaning as those given in Formula III, and preferably R 31 and R 32 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy group having up to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1-7 carbon atoms, more preferably one or both of which represent an alkoxy group; or a cycloalkyl group having 3-6 carbon atoms. L 31 and L 32 Each can be represented independently as F or Cl, preferably both as F.

3. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from formula II. Each group is independent of the others and, each time it appears, has the same or different meanings as follows: R 21 and R 22 H, a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-20 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, CR 0 =CR 00 -、-C≡C-、 The O- and / or S- atoms are replaced in such a way that they are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by F, Cl, CN or CF3, preferably alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1-6 C atoms. R 0 , R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms. A 1 and A 2 Groups selected from the following formulas The preferred choices are those selected from formulas A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A9, and A10; the most preferred choices are those selected from formulas A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A9, and A10. Z 1 and Z 2 The bond type can be -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-CH2O-, or a single bond, preferably a single bond. L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 The solvent is F, Cl, OCF3, CF3, CH3, CH2F, or CHF2, with F or Cl being preferred, and F being very preferred. Y is H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3, with H or CH3 being preferred, and H being highly preferred. L C It is CH3 or OCH3, preferably CH3. a1 is 0, 1, or 2. a2 is 0 or 1.

4. The liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, and IIE. Each group, when appearing in the same or different manner and independently of the others, has the following meaning: R 21 R 22 It is H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by F, Cl, CN, or CF3, and wherein, In addition, one or more CH2 groups in these groups can be replaced by -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -OC-O-, -O-CO-, Replace them in a way that prevents O- and / or S- atoms from being directly bonded to each other. L 1 To L 4 It can be F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2. Y is H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3, preferably H or CH3, and particularly preferably H. Z 1 Z 2 For single bonds, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CHCH2O, p is 0, 1, or 2, and q is 0 or 1.

5. The liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIA-Y. Where R 21 and R 22 It has one of the meanings given in Equation IIA above, and L 1 and L 2 F or Cl can be represented in the same or different ways.

6. The liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IV. in R 41 This indicates an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms, or an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2-7 carbon atoms, preferably n-alkyl, and particularly preferably having 2, 3, 4, or 5 carbon atoms. R 42 The term refers to an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms or an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably having 2-5 carbon atoms, or an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2-7 carbon atoms, preferably having 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, more preferably vinyl or 1-propenyl and especially vinyl.

7. The liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula V. in R 51 and R 52 This indicates an alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1-7 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl group, alkenyl group, or alkenyloxy group having 2-7 carbon atoms. Z 51 Z 52 Each of these independently represents -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-O-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -COO-, or a single bond, and n is 1 or 2.

8. The liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula VI-1 to VI-25.

9. The liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula BC and / or PH-1. in R 81 and R 82 Each of the following groups independently represents H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by F, Cl, CN, or CF3, and wherein... In addition, one or more CH2 groups in these groups can be replaced by -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -OC-O-, -O-CO-, Replace them in a way that prevents O- and / or S- atoms from being directly bonded to each other. c represents 0, 1, or 2, and Y 1 Y 2 Y 3 Y 4 Each can be represented independently as H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3, or OCH3.

10. The liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IVa-1 to IVa-4 and / or IVb-1 to IVb-3. in alkyl and alkyl * Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and alkenyl and alkenyl * Each of them independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 C atoms.

11. The liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the medium additionally comprises one or more additives selected from stabilizers, chiral dopants, dyes and polymerization initiators.

12. A liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The display of claim 12, wherein the display is VA, IPS, FFS, PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, UB-FFS, UBplus, or UV. 2 Monitor A.

14. Use of the liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for an energy-saving LC display.

15. A method for preparing a liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps of mixing one or more compounds of formula I with one or more compounds of formula III and optionally mixing with other LC compounds and / or additives.

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