Laser radar wind measurement method, wind measurement laser radar, electronic equipment and medium
By introducing dual acousto-optic modulators and beam combiners into the lidar, setting the frequency shift value, and utilizing a multi-cycle alternating start-up method, the wind speed measurement range is expanded, solving the problem of limited wind speed measurement range in existing technologies and improving cost-effectiveness.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing coherent wind lidar systems, the wind speed measurement range is limited, and increasing the bandwidth of the detector and circuit board leads to increased costs.
A lidar structure employing dual acousto-optic modulators and a beam combiner is used. By setting the frequency shift values of the first and second acousto-optic modulators, the wind speed measurement range is expanded. The frequency shift is achieved by alternating activation of the acousto-optic modulators over multiple cycles, and the frequency shift value is determined in conjunction with the bandwidth range of the acquisition link.
Without increasing the bandwidth of detectors and circuit boards, the wind speed measurement range was expanded, the cost was reduced, and continuous measurement of wind speed and direction was achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN121784760A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind measurement technology, and in particular to a lidar wind measurement method, a wind-measuring lidar, electronic equipment, and a medium. Background Technology
[0002] Most pulsed light coherent wind lidars use an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) to frequency-shift the output light. The frequency shift is centered within the bandwidth of the data acquisition card. When the wind speed measurement range is half the bandwidth of the data acquisition card, the corresponding wind speed range, i.e., the entire wind speed range, is... (in, (This represents a pre-set wind speed measurement value).
[0003] However, existing coherent wind lidar systems, especially those mounted on moving platforms, are increasingly demanding higher speed measurement ranges. The speed measurement range is primarily limited by the laser frequency shift, detector bandwidth, and circuit board bandwidth. Therefore, increasing the wind speed measurement range necessitates increasing the bandwidth of the detector and circuit board, significantly increasing costs.
[0004] Therefore, it is evident that improving the wind measurement range without increasing the bandwidth of the detector and circuit board is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those in this field. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lidar wind measurement method, a wind-measuring lidar, electronic equipment, and a medium to solve the technical problem that the wind speed measurement range is limited, and that increasing the bandwidth of the detector and circuit board is necessary to increase the wind speed measurement range, which leads to increased costs.
[0006] To solve the above technical problems, this invention provides a lidar wind measurement method, applied to a lidar system. The lidar system includes a first acousto-optic modulator, a second acousto-optic modulator, and a beam combiner; the input terminals of each acousto-optic modulator are connected to the output terminals of a beam splitter, and the output terminals of each acousto-optic modulator are connected to the input terminals of the beam combiner; the method includes: The minimum and maximum frequency shift caused by wind speed are determined based on the preset wind speed measurement range; The first result is obtained by adding the seed source frequency and the minimum frequency shift amount. The first frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the first result. The frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the first frequency shift value. The second result is obtained by adding the seed source frequency and the maximum frequency shift. The second frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the second result. The frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the second frequency shift value. The seed source is split into reference light and probe light by the beam splitter, and the probe light is transmitted to the atmosphere after passing through the first acousto-optic modulator or the second acousto-optic modulator, and the return light is obtained after interacting with the atmospheric components. The reference light is coupled to the return light, and the wind speed value is determined based on the coupled signal.
[0007] For example, the first and second acousto-optic modulators are activated sequentially at preset time intervals within multiple cycles, and each acousto-optic modulator remains activated for a first preset duration before being turned off.
[0008] For example, the acquisition link includes the acquisition card bandwidth and the detector bandwidth; obtaining the minimum and maximum values of the acquisition link bandwidth range includes: Obtain the intersection range of the acquisition card bandwidth range and the detector bandwidth range; The minimum value of the intersection range is taken as the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range; The maximum value of the intersection range is taken as the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range.
[0009] For example, after coupling the reference light with the returned light and determining the wind speed value based on the coupled signal, the method further includes: When the current wind speed value is obtained, the target acousto-optic modulator through which the detection light passes; Based on the pre-defined mapping relationship between the acousto-optic modulator and the wind direction detected by the detector, the wind direction corresponding to the target acousto-optic modulator is determined to obtain the wind direction corresponding to the current wind speed value.
[0010] For example, the wind direction includes negative wind direction and positive wind direction; establishing the mapping relationship between the acousto-optic modulator and the wind direction detected by the detector includes: If an aerosol is detected approaching the lidar, the frequency of the returned light increases, and the frequency shift corresponding to the first acousto-optic modulator shows an increasing trend, then it is determined that the detector corresponding to the first acousto-optic modulator has detected a negative wind direction. If the aerosol is detected to be moving away from the lidar, the frequency of the returned light decreases, and the frequency shift corresponding to the second acousto-optic modulator shows a decreasing trend, then it is determined that the detector corresponding to the second acousto-optic modulator has detected a negative wind direction.
[0011] For example, it also includes: If the wind direction remains unchanged within the second preset time period after the wind direction is detected, the acoustic and optical modulator corresponding to the wind direction is kept on and the other acoustic and optical modulators are kept off. Starting from the moment the acoustic-optic modulator corresponding to the wind direction is kept on, if no wind speed value is detected, the first and second acoustic-optic modulators are controlled to start sequentially at preset time intervals within multiple cycles, and each acoustic-optic modulator is turned off after being started for a first preset time. The process then returns to the steps of splitting the seed source into reference light and probe light by the beam splitter, and obtaining the return light obtained after the probe light is transmitted to the atmosphere through the first or second acoustic-optic modulator and interacts with the atmospheric components.
[0012] For example, it also includes: If no wind speed value is obtained within multiple cycles, the target bandwidth value outside the acquisition link bandwidth range is acquired, and a prompt message is output to indicate the addition of a new acousto-optic modulator. The third frequency shift value of the new acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the target bandwidth value and the first result or the second result, and the frequency shift value of the new acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the third frequency shift value; The seed source is split into reference light and probe light by the beam splitter, and the probe light is transmitted to the atmosphere after passing through the acousto-optic modulator and interacting with the atmospheric components to obtain the return light. The reference light is coupled to the return light, and the wind speed value is determined based on the coupled signal.
[0013] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a wind-measuring lidar, comprising a seed source, a beam splitter, an amplifier, a circulator, a collimating lens, a coupler, a balanced detector, a data acquisition card, and an industrial control computer, and further comprising: a first acousto-optic modulator, a second acousto-optic modulator, and a beam combiner; The input of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the output of the beam splitter, and the output of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the input of the beam combiner. The seed source is used to generate continuous light; The beam splitter is used to divide the continuous light generated by the seed source into a reference light and a probe light; The industrial control computer is used to determine the minimum and maximum frequency shift caused by wind speed based on a preset wind speed measurement range; obtain a first result after adding the seed source frequency to the minimum frequency shift; determine a first frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator based on the difference between the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the first result; and control the frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator to be the first frequency shift value. It also obtains a second result after adding the seed source frequency to the maximum frequency shift; determines a second frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator based on the difference between the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the second result; and controls the frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator to be the second frequency shift value. The first acousto-optic modulator is used to shift the frequency according to the first frequency shift value, and the second acousto-optic modulator is used to shift the frequency according to the second frequency shift value; the probe light after passing through the first acousto-optic modulator or the second acousto-optic modulator is combined by the beam combiner; the beam after passing through the beam combiner passes sequentially through the amplifier, the circulator, and the collimating lens, and is then emitted into the atmosphere, where it interacts with atmospheric components to obtain the return light; the return light passes sequentially through the collimating lens and the circulator, and is then incident on the coupler; the coupler is used to couple the reference light with the return light; The balanced detector is used to convert the coupled optical signal into an electrical signal; The acquisition card is used to acquire the electrical signal and determine the spectrum signal based on the electrical signal; The industrial control computer is used to determine the wind speed value based on the spectrum signal.
[0014] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described lidar wind measurement method.
[0015] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the aforementioned lidar wind measurement method.
[0016] The beneficial effect of this invention lies in the fact that the lidar wind measurement method provided by this invention adds an acousto-optic modulator and a beam combiner to the lidar. Frequency shift values of a first and second acousto-optic modulator are set, and wind speed is then measured based on the lidar. When setting the frequency shift value of the acousto-optic modulator, the minimum and maximum frequency shift caused by wind speed are determined based on a preset wind speed measurement range; a first result is obtained by adding the seed source frequency to the minimum frequency shift; a first frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the first result; and the frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the first frequency shift value. This allows the frequency shift of the first acousto-optic modulator to vary from the minimum to the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range, corresponding to a negative wind speed range of [missing information]. ( (This represents a pre-set wind speed measurement value). The second result, obtained by adding the seed source frequency and the maximum frequency shift, is used to determine the second frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator based on the difference between the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the second result. The frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator is then controlled to be the second frequency shift value. This allows the frequency shift of the second acousto-optic modulator to vary from the maximum value to the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range, corresponding to a positive wind speed range of... Therefore, the entire wind speed measurement range is... This is twice the wind speed range of traditional coherent wind-measuring lidar. Therefore, this invention improves the wind measurement range and reduces costs without increasing the bandwidth of the detector and circuit board.
[0017] In addition, the present invention also provides a wind-measuring lidar, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium, which have the same or corresponding technical features as the lidar wind-measuring method mentioned above, and have the same effects. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wind speed range of a traditional coherent wind-measuring lidar. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a wind-measuring lidar provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A flowchart of a lidar wind measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a 2×2 fiber optic coupler; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a circulator; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wind speed range of a coherent wind-measuring lidar provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram for determining the positive or negative wind speed according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0021] The core of this invention is to provide a lidar wind measurement method, a wind-measuring lidar, electronic equipment, and a medium to solve the technical problem of limited wind speed measurement range. Increasing the wind speed measurement range requires increasing the bandwidth of the detector and circuit board, which leads to increased costs.
[0022] Most pulsed light coherent wind lidars use an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) to frequency-shift the output light. The frequency shift is centered on the bandwidth of the data acquisition card. When the wind speed measurement range is half the bandwidth of the data acquisition card, the corresponding wind speed range, i.e., the entire wind speed range, is... ,like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wind speed range of a traditional coherent wind-measuring lidar. Indicates seed source frequency, This represents the frequency shift value of the acousto-optic modulator. This indicates the frequency shift corresponding to the preset wind speed measurement value. This indicates the frequency shift of the acousto-optic modulator; Indicates the maximum positive wind speed Time-frequency shift; Indicates the maximum negative wind speed Frequency shift. The measurement speed range is mainly limited by the laser frequency shift, detector bandwidth, and circuit board bandwidth. Therefore, increasing the wind speed measurement range requires increasing the bandwidth of the detector and circuit board, which greatly increases the cost.
[0023] Therefore, this invention provides a new lidar wind measurement method that increases the wind speed measurement range without increasing the bandwidth of the detector and the circuit board.
[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a wind-measuring lidar provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the wind-measuring lidar includes a seed source 1, a beam splitter 2, an amplifier 6, a circulator 7, a collimating lens 8, a 2×2 coupler 9, a balanced detector 10, a data acquisition card 11, and an industrial control computer 12. In addition, it also includes a first acousto-optic modulator 3, a second acousto-optic modulator 4, and a beam combiner 5.
[0025] The input of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the output of the beam splitter, and the output of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the input of the beam combiner. Seed sources are used to generate continuous light; A beam splitter is used to separate the continuous light generated by the seed source into a reference beam and a probe beam; The industrial control computer is used to determine the minimum and maximum frequency shift caused by wind speed based on a preset wind speed measurement range; to obtain a first result after adding the seed source frequency to the minimum frequency shift, to determine a first frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator based on the difference between the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the first result, and to control the frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator to be the first frequency shift value; to obtain a second result after adding the seed source frequency to the maximum frequency shift, to determine a second frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator based on the difference between the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the second result, and to control the frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator to be the second frequency shift value; The first acousto-optic modulator is used to shift the frequency according to the first frequency shift value, and the second acousto-optic modulator is used to shift the frequency according to the second frequency shift value; the probe light after passing through the first or second acousto-optic modulator is combined by a beam combiner; the beam after passing through the beam combiner passes through an amplifier, a circulator, and a collimating lens in sequence, and then exits into the atmosphere, where it interacts with atmospheric components to obtain the return light; the return light passes through a collimating lens and a circulator in sequence and is incident on a coupler; the coupler is used to couple the reference light and the return light; A balanced detector is used to convert coupled optical signals into electrical signals; The data acquisition card is used to acquire electrical signals and determine the spectrum signal based on the electrical signals; The industrial control computer is used to determine the wind speed value based on the spectrum signal.
[0026] Figure 3 A flowchart of a lidar wind measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes: S10: Determine the minimum and maximum frequency shift caused by wind speed based on the preset wind speed measurement range; S11: Obtain the first result after adding the seed source frequency and the minimum frequency shift amount, determine the first frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator based on the difference between the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the first result, and control the frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator to be the first frequency shift value. S12: Obtain the second result after adding the seed source frequency and the maximum frequency shift amount, determine the second frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator based on the difference between the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the second result, and control the frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator to be the second frequency shift value; S13: The seed source is split into reference light and probe light by a beam splitter, and the probe light is transmitted to the atmosphere after passing through the first acousto-optic modulator or the second acousto-optic modulator, and the return light is obtained after interacting with the atmospheric components. S14: Couple the reference light with the return light and determine the wind speed value based on the coupled signal.
[0027] The preset wind speed measurement range is not limited and can be determined based on actual conditions. The coupler can be a 2×2 fiber optic coupler. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a 2×2 fiber coupler is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, ports 1 and 2 are input ports, and ports 3 and 4 are output ports. The light input from port 1 is evenly distributed to ports 3 and 4, and the light input from port 2 is evenly distributed to ports 3 and 4. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a circulator. A fiber optic circulator is required in a coherent wind lidar system to achieve spatial multiplexing of the optical path.
[0028] A seed source generates narrow-linewidth continuous light, which is split by a beam splitter. Most of the light is sent to an acousto-optic modulator for frequency shifting, while a small portion is sent to a 2×2 coupler as a reference beam. After passing through the acousto-optic modulator, the beam is combined by a beam combiner and then amplified by an amplifier. After power amplification, the beam is fed to port a of a circulator. The beam exiting from port b passes through a collimating lens and exits into the atmosphere. The signal light scattered by the atmosphere passes through the collimating lens and enters port b of the circulator. The light entering from port b exits from port c and reaches the 2×2 coupler. The 2×2 coupler splits the light from both the beam splitter and the circulator into 50%:50% beams, which then enter a balanced detector. The balanced detector converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, which is then acquired at high speed by a data acquisition card. Simultaneously, the card internally performs echo accumulation and fast Fourier transform, transmitting the spectral signal to an industrial control computer to perform atmospheric wind field inversion calculations.
[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the wind speed range of a coherent wind-measuring lidar provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, at this time, This represents the minimum frequency shift of the first acousto-optic modulator; This represents the maximum frequency shift of the second acousto-optic modulator. When the aerosol approaches the radar, the frequency of the reflected light increases, and the frequency shift of the first acousto-optic modulator can be increased from [value missing]. Change to The second acousto-optic modulator is moved out of the acquisition card and detector bandwidth and cannot be detected. At this time, the negative wind speed range is... As the aerosol moves away from the radar, the frequency of the light decreases, allowing the second acousto-optic modulator to... Change to The first acoustic-optical modulator is moved out of the acquisition card and detector bandwidth and cannot be detected. At this time, the positive wind speed range is... Therefore, the entire wind speed measurement range is... This is the wind speed range of traditional coherent wind-measuring lidar (for...). This doubles the bandwidth of the detector and the board, increasing the wind measurement range and reducing costs without increasing the bandwidth of the detector and the board.
[0030] In order to achieve continuous measurement of wind speed, in practice, the first and second acoustic-optic modulators are activated sequentially at preset time intervals in multiple cycles, and each acoustic-optic modulator is activated for a first preset duration before being turned off.
[0031] The number of cycles, preset time intervals, and first preset duration are not limited and can be determined based on actual conditions. Continuous frequency shifting is achieved by alternately activating multiple acousto-optic modulators, ensuring the ability to measure wind speed.
[0032] To further enable wind speed measurement, in some embodiments, the acquisition link includes the acquisition card bandwidth and the detector bandwidth; obtaining the minimum and maximum values of the acquisition link bandwidth range includes: Obtain the intersection range of the acquisition card bandwidth range and the detector bandwidth range; The minimum value of the intersection range is taken as the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range; The maximum value of the intersection range is taken as the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range.
[0033] The minimum and maximum values of the intersection range of the acquisition card bandwidth range and the detector bandwidth range are selected as the minimum and maximum values of the acquisition link bandwidth range to avoid exceeding the bandwidth range of the acquisition card or detector, thus ensuring that wind speed can be measured as much as possible.
[0034] The wind speed value has been determined above, but in practice, the wind direction also needs to be determined. In some embodiments, after coupling the reference light and the return light and determining the wind speed value based on the coupled signal, the method further includes: When the current wind speed value is obtained, the target acousto-optic modulator through which the probe light passes; Based on the pre-defined mapping relationship between the acousto-optic modulator and the wind direction detected by the detector, the wind direction corresponding to the target acousto-optic modulator is determined to obtain the wind direction corresponding to the current wind speed value.
[0035] Specifically, wind direction includes negative and positive wind directions; establishing the mapping relationship between the acousto-optic modulator and the wind direction detected by the detector includes: If an aerosol is detected approaching the lidar, the frequency of the returned light increases, and the frequency shift corresponding to the first acousto-optic modulator shows an increasing trend, then it is determined that the detector corresponding to the first acousto-optic modulator has detected a negative wind direction. If the aerosol is detected to be moving away from the lidar, the frequency of the returned light decreases, and the frequency shift corresponding to the second acousto-optic modulator shows a decreasing trend, then it is determined that the detector corresponding to the second acousto-optic modulator has detected a negative wind direction.
[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the determination of positive and negative wind speed according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, T=0s represents the trigger signal time of the acquisition card; T=A1s represents the start time of the first acoustic-optical modulator; and T=A2s represents the start time of the second acoustic-optical modulator. The sign of the wind speed is determined by the start time of the wind speed signal. If the wind speed signal starts at time T=A1, the wind speed is negative; if the wind speed signal starts at time T=A2, the wind speed is positive.
[0037] To improve detection efficiency, in some embodiments, the lidar wind measurement method further includes: If the wind direction remains unchanged within the second preset time period after the wind direction is detected, the sound and light modulator corresponding to the wind direction will be kept on and the other sound and light modulators will be kept off. Starting from the moment the acoustic-optic modulator corresponding to the wind direction is kept on, if no wind speed value is detected, the first and second acoustic-optic modulators are sequentially activated at preset time intervals within multiple cycles. Each acoustic-optic modulator is activated for a first preset duration and then turned off. The process then returns to the steps of splitting the seed source into reference light and probe light by a beam splitter, and obtaining the return light obtained after the probe light is transmitted to the atmosphere through the first or second acoustic-optic modulator and interacts with the atmospheric components.
[0038] The second preset duration is not limited and is determined based on the actual situation. In this method, if the wind direction remains unchanged within the second preset duration after the wind direction is detected, the acoustic-optical modulator corresponding to the wind direction is kept on, while other acoustic-optical modulators are kept off. This continues until no wind speed can be measured, at which point multiple acoustic-optical modulators are alternately switched, avoiding frequent switching and improving the efficiency of wind speed detection.
[0039] In some embodiments, the lidar wind measurement method further includes: If no wind speed value is obtained within multiple cycles, the target bandwidth value outside the acquisition link bandwidth range is acquired, and a prompt message is output to indicate the addition of a new acousto-optic modulator. The third frequency shift value of the new acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the target bandwidth value and the first or second result, and the frequency shift value of the new acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the third frequency shift value. The seed source is split into reference light and probe light by a beam splitter, and the probe light is transmitted to the atmosphere by an acousto-optic modulator and then returns after interacting with atmospheric components. The reference light and the return light are coupled, and the wind speed value is determined based on the coupled signal.
[0040] In this method, when the wind speed value cannot be measured, a new acousto-optic modulator is added, and the frequency shift value of the new acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the bandwidth value outside the acquisition link bandwidth range, so as to further measure the wind speed and ensure that the wind speed value can be measured as much as possible.
[0041] The above describes a method for measuring wind using a lidar. This embodiment also provides a wind-measuring lidar. It includes a seed source, a beam splitter, an amplifier, a circulator, a collimating lens, a coupler, a balanced detector, a data acquisition card, and an industrial control computer. It also includes a first acousto-optic modulator, a second acousto-optic modulator, and a beam combiner. The input of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the output of the beam splitter, and the output of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the input of the beam combiner. Seed sources are used to generate continuous light; A beam splitter is used to separate the continuous light generated by the seed source into a reference beam and a probe beam; The industrial control computer is used to determine the minimum and maximum frequency shift caused by wind speed based on a preset wind speed measurement range; to obtain a first result after adding the seed source frequency to the minimum frequency shift, to determine a first frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator based on the difference between the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the first result, and to control the frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator to be the first frequency shift value; to obtain a second result after adding the seed source frequency to the maximum frequency shift, to determine a second frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator based on the difference between the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the second result, and to control the frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator to be the second frequency shift value; The first acousto-optic modulator is used to shift the frequency according to the first frequency shift value, and the second acousto-optic modulator is used to shift the frequency according to the second frequency shift value; the probe light after passing through the first or second acousto-optic modulator is combined by a beam combiner; the beam after passing through the beam combiner passes through an amplifier, a circulator, and a collimating lens in sequence, and then exits into the atmosphere, where it interacts with atmospheric components to obtain the return light; the return light passes through a collimating lens and a circulator in sequence and is incident on a coupler; the coupler is used to couple the reference light and the return light; A balanced detector is used to convert coupled optical signals into electrical signals; The data acquisition card is used to acquire electrical signals and determine the spectrum signal based on the electrical signals; The industrial control computer is used to determine the wind speed value based on the spectrum signal.
[0042] The wind-measuring lidar provided in this embodiment has the same or corresponding technical features as the lidar wind-measuring method described above. The embodiments of the lidar wind-measuring method have been described in detail above, and the embodiments of the wind-measuring lidar will not be repeated here, and the effects are the same as above.
[0043] In the above embodiments, the lidar wind measurement method has been described in detail. The present invention also provides embodiments for electronic devices.
[0044] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on a hardware perspective, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device includes: Memory 20 is used to store computer programs; The processor 21 is used to execute a computer program to implement the steps of the lidar wind measurement method mentioned in the above embodiments.
[0045] The processor 21 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. The processor 21 may be implemented using at least one of the following hardware forms: Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 21 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may integrate a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may also include an Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, which handles computational operations related to machine learning.
[0046] The memory 20 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 20 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices or flash memory devices. In this embodiment, the memory 20 is used to store at least the following computer program 201, which, after being loaded and executed by the processor 21, is capable of implementing the relevant steps of the lidar wind measurement method disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. In addition, the resources stored in the memory 20 may also include an operating system 202 and data 203, and the storage method may be temporary or permanent storage. The operating system 202 may include Windows, Unix, Linux, etc. The data 203 may include, but is not limited to, the data involved in the lidar wind measurement method mentioned above.
[0047] In some embodiments, the electronic device may further include a display screen 22, an input / output interface 23, a communication interface 24, a power supply 25, and a communication bus 26.
[0048] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 8 The structures shown do not constitute a limitation on electronic devices and may include more or fewer components than those shown.
[0049] The electronic device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a memory and a processor. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it can implement the following method: a lidar wind measurement method, with the same effect as above.
[0050] Finally, the present invention also provides an embodiment corresponding to a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps described in the above method embodiments.
[0051] It is understood that if the methods in the above embodiments are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and executes all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.
[0052] The computer-readable storage medium provided by this invention includes the aforementioned lidar wind measurement method, and has the same effect.
[0053] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of the lidar wind measurement method, the wind-measuring lidar, the electronic device, and the medium provided by this invention. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this invention.
[0054] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
Claims
1. A method for measuring wind using lidar, characterized in that, The method is applied to a lidar system, which includes a first acousto-optic modulator, a second acousto-optic modulator, and a beam combiner; the input of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the output of a beam splitter, and the output of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the input of the beam combiner; the method includes: The minimum and maximum frequency shift caused by wind speed are determined based on the preset wind speed measurement range; The first result is obtained by adding the seed source frequency and the minimum frequency shift amount. The first frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the first result. The frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the first frequency shift value. The second result is obtained by adding the seed source frequency and the maximum frequency shift. The second frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the second result. The frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the second frequency shift value. The seed source is split into reference light and probe light by the beam splitter, and the probe light is transmitted to the atmosphere after passing through the first acousto-optic modulator or the second acousto-optic modulator, and the return light is obtained after interacting with the atmospheric components. The reference light is coupled to the return light, and the wind speed value is determined based on the coupled signal.
2. The lidar wind measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second acousto-optic modulators are activated sequentially at preset time intervals within multiple cycles, and each acousto-optic modulator remains activated for a first preset duration before being deactivated.
3. The lidar wind measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition link includes the acquisition card bandwidth and the detector bandwidth; obtaining the minimum and maximum values of the acquisition link bandwidth range includes: Obtain the intersection range of the acquisition card bandwidth range and the detector bandwidth range; The minimum value of the intersection range is taken as the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range; The maximum value of the intersection range is taken as the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range.
4. The lidar wind measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After coupling the reference light with the returned light and determining the wind speed value based on the coupled signal, the method further includes: When the current wind speed value is obtained, the target acousto-optic modulator through which the detection light passes; Based on the pre-defined mapping relationship between the acousto-optic modulator and the wind direction detected by the detector, the wind direction corresponding to the target acousto-optic modulator is determined to obtain the wind direction corresponding to the current wind speed value.
5. The lidar wind measurement method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wind direction includes both negative and positive wind directions; establishing the mapping relationship between the acousto-optic modulator and the wind direction detected by the detector includes: If an aerosol is detected approaching the lidar, the frequency of the returned light increases, and the frequency shift corresponding to the first acousto-optic modulator shows an increasing trend, then it is determined that the detector corresponding to the first acousto-optic modulator has detected a negative wind direction. If the aerosol is detected to be moving away from the lidar, the frequency of the returned light decreases, and the frequency shift corresponding to the second acousto-optic modulator shows a decreasing trend, then it is determined that the detector corresponding to the second acousto-optic modulator has detected a negative wind direction.
6. The lidar wind measurement method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, Also includes: If the wind direction remains unchanged within the second preset time period after the wind direction is detected, the acoustic and optical modulator corresponding to the wind direction is kept on and the other acoustic and optical modulators are kept off. Starting from the moment the acoustic-optic modulator corresponding to the wind direction is kept on, if no wind speed value is detected, the first and second acoustic-optic modulators are controlled to start sequentially at preset time intervals within multiple cycles, and each acoustic-optic modulator is turned off after being started for a first preset time. The process then returns to the steps of splitting the seed source into reference light and probe light by the beam splitter, and obtaining the return light obtained after the probe light is transmitted to the atmosphere through the first or second acoustic-optic modulator and interacts with the atmospheric components.
7. The lidar wind measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: If no wind speed value is obtained within multiple cycles, the target bandwidth value outside the acquisition link bandwidth range is acquired, and a prompt message is output to indicate the addition of a new acousto-optic modulator. The third frequency shift value of the new acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the target bandwidth value and the first result or the second result, and the frequency shift value of the new acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the third frequency shift value; The seed source is split into reference light and probe light by the beam splitter, and the probe light is transmitted to the atmosphere after passing through the acousto-optic modulator and interacting with the atmospheric components to obtain the return light. The reference light is coupled to the return light, and the wind speed value is determined based on the coupled signal.
8. A wind-measuring lidar, comprising a seed source, a beam splitter, an amplifier, a circulator, a collimating lens, a coupler, a balanced detector, a data acquisition card, and an industrial control computer, characterized in that, Also includes: First acousto-optic modulator, second acousto-optic modulator, and beam combiner; The input of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the output of the beam splitter, and the output of each acousto-optic modulator is connected to the input of the beam combiner. The seed source is used to generate continuous light; The beam splitter is used to divide the continuous light generated by the seed source into a reference light and a probe light; The industrial control computer is used to determine the minimum and maximum frequency shift caused by wind speed based on a preset wind speed measurement range; The first result is obtained by adding the seed source frequency and the minimum frequency shift amount. The first frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the minimum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the first result. The frequency shift value of the first acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the first frequency shift value. The second result is obtained by adding the seed source frequency and the maximum frequency shift. The second frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator is determined based on the difference between the maximum value of the acquisition link bandwidth range and the second result. The frequency shift value of the second acousto-optic modulator is controlled to be the second frequency shift value. The first acousto-optic modulator is used to shift the frequency according to the first frequency shift value, and the second acousto-optic modulator is used to shift the frequency according to the second frequency shift value; The probe light after passing through the first acousto-optic modulator or the second acousto-optic modulator is combined by the beam combiner; The beam after passing through the beam combiner passes sequentially through the amplifier, the circulator, and the collimating lens before exiting into the atmosphere. The returned beam, after interacting with atmospheric components, passes sequentially through the collimating lens and the circulator and is then incident on the coupler. The coupler is used to couple the reference beam with the returned beam. The balanced detector is used to convert the coupled optical signal into an electrical signal; The acquisition card is used to acquire the electrical signal and determine the spectrum signal based on the electrical signal; The industrial control computer is used to determine the wind speed value based on the spectrum signal.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the lidar wind measurement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the lidar wind measurement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.