Sectional airborne conformal short-wave antenna

Abstract

The invention provides a sectional airborne conformal short-wave antenna, which comprises a rigid antenna radiator, a flexible feed cable assembly and a radio frequency coaxial cable assembly, the antenna radiators comprise antenna radiators I, II and III with different lengths; the feed cable assembly comprises a feed cable assembly I and a feed cable assembly II; the radio frequency coaxial cable assembly, the antenna radiator I, the feed cable assembly I, the antenna radiator II, the feed cable assembly II and the antenna radiator III are sequentially connected through the radio frequency coaxial connector and then installed in the aircraft skin in a conformal mode. The device can be conformally erected along with an airplane vertical fin structure, and the limited space is efficiently utilized; the connector is reliable in connection and has a high-quality electrical connection characteristic; accurate positioning and stable installation can be realized; signals are transmitted smoothly, high temperature resistance is achieved, layout can be flexible, and compatibility is high; modular design is achieved, maintenance is convenient, standardized connection is achieved, and management is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrical components and antenna technology, specifically relating to a segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna for use in airborne platform shortwave communication of 1.6MHz to 30MHz. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the shortwave antenna structures for large aircraft platforms are divided into cable structures and tubular structures.

[0003] Cable-stayed antennas are suspended between the fuselage and vertical stabilizer using support rods. Due to their large span and the elasticity of the cables themselves, the antenna is susceptible to reduced preload from vibrations, impacts, and accelerations induced by the aircraft. This leads to increased antenna jitter during flight, resulting in deteriorated shortwave communication performance and reduced antenna reliability. Furthermore, maintenance and preload of cable-stayed antennas must be performed by professionals with relevant structural knowledge, making subsequent maintenance complex and costly.

[0004] The tubular antenna is pre-embedded within the leading edge cover of the dorsal fin using clamps. Due to its inherent rigidity and the ability to be secured at multiple points, the antenna structure is reliable, its performance is more stable, and its maintenance costs are lower. However, the limited size of the dorsal fin and the obstruction from the vertical tail somewhat affect its communication performance.

[0005] For large aircraft platforms, utilizing the airframe structure to reduce the obstruction of the vertical tail to the antenna is an effective means to improve the communication capability of tubular shortwave antennas. To meet the communication requirements of large aircraft platforms, it is imperative to develop a segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna, and the following technical solution is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna, which solves the problems of low reliability, high maintenance cost and poor communication effect of existing airborne shortwave antennas.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna, comprising a rigid antenna radiator, a flexible feed cable assembly, and an RF coaxial cable assembly; the antenna radiator includes antenna radiator I, antenna radiator II, and antenna radiator III of different lengths; the feed cable assembly includes feed cable assembly I and feed cable assembly II; the RF coaxial cable assembly, antenna radiator I, feed cable assembly I, antenna radiator II, feed cable assembly II, and antenna radiator III are sequentially connected through an RF coaxial connector and conformally installed inside the aircraft skin.

[0008] In the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution of the present invention is: the radio frequency coaxial connector is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency connector.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above technical solution includes an antenna radiator protective tube, an electromagnetic radiator, and a self-locking socket. The antenna radiator protective tube is wound and formed using high-strength glass fiber composite material. The electromagnetic radiator is bonded to the antenna radiator protective tube with epoxy resin, and the two ends of the electromagnetic radiator are screwed together and bonded to the self-locking socket with epoxy resin.

[0010] In the above technical solution, as a further improvement of the present invention: the antenna radiator protection tube is provided with a limiting boss and a mounting clamping section; the limiting boss is used to prevent the antenna radiator from moving axially; the mounting clamping section is used to clamp and fix the antenna radiator, and the size of the mounting clamping section is adjusted according to the size of the inner rib plate of the fuselage skin.

[0011] In the above technical solution, as a further improvement of the present invention: the electromagnetic radiator is composed of a radiator support tube, a spiral radiator and a metal connector; the outer wall of the spiral radiator has three pitches, and the spiral radiator is a three-section tubular structure; the radiator support tube is installed inside the spiral radiator tube to support the spiral radiator; the metal connector is located at both ends of the spiral radiator and is fixedly connected to the spiral radiator.

[0012] In the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution of the present invention is: the self-locking socket is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency socket.

[0013] In the above technical solution, as a further improvement of the present invention: the power supply cable assembly is composed of a flexible sheathed cable and self-locking plugs I located at both ends of the sheathed cable; the sheathed cable is a single-core wire; the self-locking plug I has a soldering hole at its tail, and the single-core wire of the sheathed cable is crimped into the soldering hole of the self-locking plug I and soldered to the soldering hole.

[0014] In the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution of the present invention is: the self-locking plug I is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency plug I.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above technical solution includes: the radio frequency coaxial cable assembly having a flexible radio frequency coaxial cable, one end of which is provided with a self-locking plug II, and the other end with an L22 radio frequency coaxial connector; the core wires of the radio frequency coaxial cable are respectively crimped and soldered to the center conductors of the self-locking plug II and the L22 radio frequency coaxial connector; the shielding mesh of the radio frequency coaxial cable is crimped and soldered to the housing of the L22 radio frequency coaxial connector.

[0016] In the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution of the present invention is: the self-locking plug II is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency plug II.

[0017] Advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies: 1. This invention employs a segmented tubular shortwave antenna, which increases the length of the antenna radiator and improves the radiation efficiency of shortwave communication. Through a conformal layout, the antenna's coverage area is increased. It effectively addresses the problem of long-distance communication. Furthermore, the antenna is easy to assemble and disassemble, has low maintenance costs, and high structural reliability. The synergistic effect of the segmented design and conformal layout improves the radiation efficiency of shortwave communication and increases the antenna's coverage area.

[0018] 2. The airborne shortwave antenna design of this invention is highly adaptable to the aircraft's shape, conformally embedded within the fuselage and vertical tail, thus improving overall structural reliability. The reliable electrical and mechanical connection of the RF coaxial connector enhances the antenna's lifespan and stability. The flexible feed cable assembly 2 adapts to changes in installation orientation at different locations, further strengthening the antenna's adaptability and reliability. The segmented antenna facilitates maintenance and replacement, while the modular design facilitates production and assembly.

[0019] 3. This invention uses a second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector for reliable connection, with a robust self-locking mechanism and good sealing performance. In terms of electrical performance, it features low signal loss and stable impedance matching, ensuring stable and efficient antenna operation. It is easy to install, maintain, and replace, shortening assembly time, improving maintainability and uptime, and has excellent compatibility, which is beneficial for upgrading and expanding the overall electronic system of the aircraft.

[0020] 4. The antenna radiator protection tube of this invention has superior material performance, high strength, and strong corrosion resistance; the electromagnetic radiator is installed stably and connects well with the self-locking socket, improving communication reliability; the self-locking socket connection is convenient and reliable, improving communication quality; the modular design facilitates maintenance and production and adapts to conformal installation requirements.

[0021] 5. The limiting boss design of this invention prevents axial movement, improves structural stability, optimizes the fixing method, enhances installation firmness, and reduces procurement costs with clamp accessories; the flexible spacing adjustment of the installation clamping section saves R&D costs and ensures stable installation of the antenna under various conditions; it adapts to complex environments, ensures long-term reliable operation, copes with vibration and impact, and complies with industry standards.

[0022] 6. The three-segment pitch design of the spiral radiator in this invention enables the electromagnetic radiator to cover a wider frequency range to adapt to different communication needs, allowing the antenna to effectively receive and transmit signals in a wider range of frequency bands, improving communication flexibility and reliability; the radiator support tube provides mechanical support, enhances structural stability, and maintains the accuracy of the spiral shape; the metal joint design achieves reliable electrical connection and facilitates installation and maintenance.

[0023] 7. The sheathed cable of this invention is designed to adapt to harsh environments and ensure stable signal transmission; the flexible design facilitates installation and layout, the single-core wire structure is simple and reliable, reducing signal interference and facilitating maintenance and troubleshooting; the self-locking plug I design ensures reliable and secure connection, the soldering hole design enhances connection strength, and it combines standardization and versatility, facilitating procurement and inventory management.

[0024] 8. The radio frequency coaxial cable assembly of this invention is designed to adapt to complex spatial environments, reduce installation stress, extend lifespan, ensure stable core wire connections, provide good shielding, deliver high signal transmission quality, and is widely compatible.

[0025] 9. This invention exhibits significant advantages in multiple dimensions such as airborne antenna performance, installation reliability, and ease of maintenance; it can be conformally mounted with the aircraft's vertical tail structure, making efficient use of limited space; the second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector ensures reliable connection and has excellent electrical connection characteristics; high-strength protection and lightweight design, precise positioning, stable installation, optimized electromagnetic radiator design ensures smooth signal transmission, flexible layout and strong compatibility, modular design, convenient maintenance, standardized connection, and easy management. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the antenna radiator structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the center feeder cable assembly; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the mid-frequency coaxial cable assembly; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking connection structure between the antenna radiator and the feed cable assembly. In the diagram: 1-Antenna radiator, 1-1 Antenna radiator I, 1-2 Antenna radiator II, 1-3 Antenna radiator III, 101-Antenna radiator protective tube, 102-Electromagnetic radiator, 103-Self-locking socket, 104-Limiting boss, 105-Mounting clamping section; 2-Feeder cable assembly, 2-1 Feeder cable assembly I, 2-2 Feeder cable assembly II, 201-Sheathed cable, 202-Self-locking plug I; 3-RF coaxial cable assembly, 301-RF coaxial cable, 302-Self-locking plug II, 303-L22 RF coaxial connector. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1-5The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] (like Figure 1 As shown, a segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna includes a rigid antenna radiator 1, a flexible feed cable assembly 2, and an RF coaxial cable assembly 3.

[0029] The antenna radiator 1 includes antenna radiators I1-1, II1-2, and III1-3 of different lengths. The three antenna radiators 1 are conformally installed inside the skin of the aircraft's dorsal fin, leading edge of the vertical tail, and top of the vertical tail. Depending on the different installation spaces in the dorsal fin, leading edge of the vertical tail, and top of the vertical tail, each antenna radiator 1 can be arranged with different lengths.

[0030] The feed cable assembly 2 includes feed cable assembly I2-1 and feed cable assembly II2-2. The RF coaxial cable assembly 3, antenna radiator I1-1, feed cable assembly I2-1, antenna radiator II1-2, feed cable assembly II2-2, and antenna radiator III1-3 are sequentially connected via RF coaxial connectors and conformally installed within the aircraft skin, ensuring the reliability of both electrical and mechanical connections. The flexible feed cable assembly 2 connects the rigid antenna radiator 1 and RF coaxial cable assembly 3, allowing the antenna to be conformally installed within the skin of the aircraft's dorsal fin, leading edge of the vertical tail, and top of the vertical tail, according to the shape of the mounting platform. The operating frequency of the antenna structure of this invention is 1.6MHz to 30MHz.

[0031] It should be noted that the airborne shortwave antenna design of this invention is highly adaptable to the aircraft's shape, conformally embedded within the fuselage's vertical tail, thus improving overall structural reliability. The reliable electrical and mechanical connection of the RF coaxial connector enhances the antenna's lifespan and stability. The flexible feed cable assembly 2 adapts to changes in installation orientation at different locations, further strengthening the antenna's adaptability and reliability. The segmented antenna facilitates maintenance and replacement, while the modular design facilitates production and assembly.

[0032] The three antenna radiators, namely antenna radiator I1-1, antenna radiator II1-2, and antenna radiator III1-3, of different lengths are conformally installed inside the skin of the aircraft's dorsal fin, leading edge of the vertical tail, and top of the vertical tail, respectively. This design makes full use of the installation space in different parts of the aircraft, using antenna radiators of different lengths according to the actual space conditions of each part, so that the antenna can perfectly adapt to the shape of the aircraft's vertical tail, improving the overall structural reliability. The conformal installation method integrates the antenna with the aircraft, and from an aesthetic point of view, it does not disrupt the overall lines and aesthetics of the aircraft like traditional external antennas, improving the overall visual effect of the aircraft and meeting the higher requirements of modern aviation equipment for appearance design.

[0033] The RF coaxial cable assembly 3, antenna radiator I1-1, feed cable assembly I2-1, antenna radiator II1-2, feed cable assembly II2-2, and antenna radiator III1-3 are sequentially connected via RF coaxial connectors and conformally mounted within the aircraft skin. This connection method ensures stable electrical performance of the antenna under complex flight environments, reduces signal loss and interference during transmission, and guarantees the reliability of the mechanical connection. It can withstand various vibrations and impacts during flight, ensuring the antenna will not loosen or detach during long-term use, thus improving its lifespan and stability. A flexible feed cable assembly 2 connects the rigid antenna radiator 1 and the RF coaxial cable assembly 3. This flexible connection method has excellent bending and deformation capabilities, adapting to changes in installation space in different parts of the aircraft and various attitude changes during flight. This allows the antenna to maintain good connection and performance even after conformal mounting, further enhancing its adaptability and reliability.

[0034] The antenna structure of this invention operates at frequencies ranging from 1.6MHz to 30MHz, covering a wide range of shortwave frequencies. This enables the antenna to function normally under different communication scenarios and requirements, meeting the needs of various shortwave communication services such as long-range communication, navigation, and identification. It also improves the aircraft's communication capabilities and reliability in various complex environments, enhancing its mission execution capabilities.

[0035] The antenna is designed with a segmented structure, with each segment of the antenna radiator and feed cable assembly operating independently. This allows for convenient inspection, repair, or replacement of specific segments when the antenna malfunctions or requires maintenance, eliminating the need to disassemble and replace the entire antenna. This significantly reduces maintenance costs and time, improving aircraft availability and uptime. The segmented structure also makes the antenna manufacturing process more modular; different antenna radiators and feed cable assemblies can be produced and quality-controlled separately, improving production efficiency and product consistency. During assembly, the components are simply connected sequentially via RF coaxial connectors, simplifying the assembly process and reducing assembly difficulty and error rates.

[0036] In the above embodiments, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the radio frequency coaxial connector is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency connector.

[0037] It should be noted that the second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector offers reliable connection, a robust self-locking mechanism, and excellent sealing performance. In terms of electrical performance, it features low signal loss and stable impedance matching, ensuring stable and efficient antenna operation. It is easy to install, maintain, and replace, shortening assembly time, improving maintainability and uptime, and offering excellent compatibility, which is beneficial for upgrading and expanding the overall aircraft electronic system.

[0038] The second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector features a unique self-locking design, automatically locking itself during connection via a specific mechanical structure. This self-locking function ensures the connector maintains a tight connection even during flight, under various severe vibrations, impacts, and frequent attitude changes, preventing loosening or accidental disconnection. Compared to traditional non-self-locking connectors, this significantly improves connection stability and reliability, ensuring the continuity of antenna electrical signal transmission and preventing communication failures due to connection interruptions. This connector typically employs an advanced sealing design, effectively preventing moisture, dust, salt spray, and other external environmental factors from entering the connector. During aircraft missions, various harsh environmental conditions may be encountered, such as high humidity, dusty weather, and marine environments. The excellent sealing performance of the second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector protects internal electrical components from corrosion and damage, extending the connector's lifespan and ensuring the antenna system functions normally in various environments.

[0039] The second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector is designed and manufactured with a focus on optimizing electrical performance. It utilizes high-quality materials and precision machining processes to effectively reduce signal loss during transmission. For shortwave antenna systems, signal transmission quality is paramount. Low-loss connectors ensure strong signal reception and transmission, improving communication distance and quality, enabling aircraft to perform more reliable long-range communication, navigation, and identification operations. This connector features excellent impedance matching characteristics, achieving a secure impedance connection with antenna radiators, feed cable assemblies, and RF coaxial cable assemblies. Stable impedance matching reduces signal reflection, improves signal transmission efficiency, and avoids signal distortion and power loss caused by impedance mismatch, thus ensuring stable and efficient operation of the antenna system across the entire operating frequency band (1.6MHz–30MHz).

[0040] The second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector features simple and easy-to-use installation, with its self-locking structure making the connection process quicker and more convenient. When connecting RF coaxial cable assemblies, antenna radiators, and feed cable assemblies, operators can quickly complete the connection and locking actions without complex tools or cumbersome procedures, greatly improving installation efficiency and shortening aircraft assembly time. When the connector malfunctions or requires maintenance, the second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector is also designed for easy disassembly and replacement. Its self-locking mechanism makes disassembly relatively simple, requiring no special tools or skills; operators can quickly separate the connector for inspection, repair, or replacement. This convenient maintenance feature reduces maintenance costs and time, improving aircraft maintainability and uptime.

[0041] The N-type RF connector is a standard connector widely used in the RF field. The second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector, while inheriting the advantages of the traditional N-type connector, further improves performance. It is compatible with various types of RF devices and cables, making the antenna system more convenient and flexible for integration with other avionics equipment, and facilitating the upgrading and expansion of the overall aircraft electronic system.

[0042] (like Figure 2 As shown in the above embodiment, as a further improvement of the present invention: the antenna radiator 1 includes an antenna radiator protection tube 101, an electromagnetic radiator 102, and a self-locking socket 103. The antenna radiator protection tube 101 is wound and formed using high-strength glass fiber composite material. The electromagnetic radiator 102 is bonded to the inside of the antenna radiator protection tube 101 with epoxy resin adhesive, and the two ends of the electromagnetic radiator 102 are respectively screwed and bonded to the self-locking socket 103 with epoxy resin adhesive.

[0043] It should be noted that: the antenna radiator protection tube 101 is made of materials with superior performance, high strength, and strong corrosion resistance; the electromagnetic radiator 102 is installed stably and connects well with the self-locking socket, improving communication reliability; the self-locking socket 103 is convenient and reliable to connect, improving communication quality; the modular design facilitates maintenance and production and adapts to conformal installation requirements.

[0044] The antenna radiator protection tube 101 is made of high-strength glass fiber composite material through winding. Glass fiber composite material has high specific strength and specific modulus, meaning that it can withstand greater external forces without deformation or damage under the same weight. During aircraft flight, the antenna is subjected to various mechanical loads, such as vibration and impact. The high-strength glass fiber composite material protection tube effectively protects the internal electromagnetic radiator 102, ensuring the integrity and stability of the antenna structure and improving its reliability and service life. Aircraft may face various harsh environmental conditions during missions, such as salt spray corrosion in marine environments and moisture erosion in humid environments. High-strength glass fiber composite material has excellent corrosion resistance, resisting the erosion of these environmental factors and not easily rusting or corroding like metal materials, thus ensuring the stable performance of the antenna during long-term use.

[0045] The electromagnetic radiator 102 is bonded to the antenna radiator protection tube 101 using epoxy resin adhesive. Epoxy resin adhesive possesses excellent bonding, mechanical, and chemical corrosion resistance properties, firmly fixing the electromagnetic radiator within the protection tube and preventing loosening or displacement due to vibration or impact during flight, thus ensuring stable antenna radiation performance. Simultaneously, the epoxy resin adhesive also provides insulation and sealing, protecting the electromagnetic radiator from external environmental factors. The self-locking socket 103, connected by screws at both ends and bonded with epoxy resin, further enhances the reliability of the connection between the electromagnetic radiator and the self-locking socket. The screw connection provides a certain mechanical strength, ensuring the self-locking socket and electromagnetic radiator will not easily separate; while the epoxy resin adhesive acts as a filler and sealant, preventing moisture, dust, etc., from entering the connection area and affecting electrical connection performance. This connection method ensures the antenna maintains good electrical connection in various harsh environments, improving the antenna's communication reliability.

[0046] The self-locking design of the self-locking socket 103 makes the connection and disassembly of the antenna radiator with other components (such as feeder cable assemblies) more convenient and quick. During installation, simply insert the plug into the socket, and the self-locking mechanism will automatically lock, requiring no additional tools or complicated operating procedures, greatly improving installation efficiency. When maintenance or replacement of the antenna radiator is required, simply unlock the self-locking mechanism according to specific operating methods for easy disassembly, facilitating quick repair and replacement, reducing aircraft downtime, and improving aircraft availability. The self-locking socket 103 is designed to ensure the stability of electrical connections. Its internal contacts are made of high-quality materials with good conductivity and wear resistance, maintaining stable contact resistance during repeated insertions and removals and long-term use, reducing signal loss and interference during transmission, ensuring the antenna can receive and transmit signals normally, and improving communication quality.

[0047] The modular design of the antenna radiator, comprising a protective tube, an electromagnetic radiator, and a self-locking socket, makes the production process more standardized and regulated. Different components can be produced and quality-controlled separately, improving production efficiency and product consistency. The size and shape of the antenna radiator's protective tube can be customized to fit the aircraft skin's curvature, and the installation method of the electromagnetic radiator and self-locking socket ensures that the antenna maintains good performance after conformal installation, meeting the requirements of modern aviation equipment for a high degree of antenna-aircraft conformal integration.

[0048] In the above embodiments, as a further improvement of the present invention: to improve the reliability of antenna installation on the body, the antenna radiator protection tube 101 is provided with a limiting boss 104 and a mounting clamping section 105; the limiting boss 104 is used to prevent axial movement of the antenna radiator 1; the mounting clamping section 105 is used to clamp and fix the antenna radiator 1, and the spacing of the mounting clamping section 105 is adjusted according to the spacing of the inner ribs of the body skin. The inner ribs of the skin are the supporting structure inside the equipment shell, and their spacing is determined by the overall design. The spacing of the mounting clamping sections needs to be adjusted according to the actual spacing of the ribs to ensure that each clamping section can be fixed to a corresponding rib.

[0049] It should be noted that the design of the limiting boss 104 prevents axial movement, improves structural stability, optimizes the fixing method, enhances installation firmness, and reduces procurement costs with clamp accessories. The flexible spacing adjustment of the installation clamping section 105 saves R&D costs and ensures that the antenna can be installed stably under various conditions. It adapts to complex environments, ensures long-term reliable operation, and can withstand vibration and impact, in accordance with industry standards.

[0050] During flight, aircraft are continuously subjected to vibrations and shocks, posing a significant challenge to the reliability of antenna installation. The design of the limiting boss 104 and the mounting clamping section 105 effectively addresses these challenges. The limiting boss 104 prevents axial movement, reducing antenna positional shifts caused by vibration. The mounting clamping section 105, through reasonable spacing and reliable clamp fixation, firmly secures the antenna radiator protection tube 101 within the fuselage skin, dispersing stresses generated by vibrations and shocks and preventing structural damage caused by localized stress concentration. This design enables the antenna to operate stably for extended periods in complex flight environments, reducing malfunctions and maintenance frequency caused by insecure installation, and improving aircraft availability and mission performance. This design references industry standards for spacing requirements of similar structures, ensuring compliance and standardization of antenna installation. Adherence to industry standards not only guarantees the antenna's performance and quality but also facilitates integration and collaborative operation with other avionics equipment, improving the compatibility and reliability of the entire aircraft electronic system. Furthermore, compliant design also benefits antenna production, testing, and maintenance, reducing total lifecycle costs.

[0051] In the above embodiments, as a further improvement of the present invention, the electromagnetic radiator 102 is composed of a radiator support tube, a spiral radiator, and a metal connector.

[0052] It should be noted that: the three-segment pitch design of the spiral radiator allows the electromagnetic radiator to cover a wide frequency range to adapt to different communication needs, enabling the antenna to effectively receive and transmit signals in a wider range of frequency bands, improving communication flexibility and reliability; the radiator support tube provides mechanical support, enhances structural stability, and maintains the accuracy of the spiral shape; the metal joint design ensures reliable electrical connection and facilitates installation and maintenance.

[0053] The radiator support tube, installed inside the helical radiator tube, provides reliable mechanical support for the helical radiator. During aircraft flight, the antenna is subjected to various mechanical loads, such as vibration, impact, and bending. The radiator support tube can withstand these loads, preventing deformation or damage to the helical radiator and ensuring the structural integrity of the antenna. This is crucial for ensuring the stable electrical performance of the antenna, as any structural change can alter parameters such as the resonant frequency and radiation pattern. The shape accuracy of the helical radiator has a significant impact on its electrical performance. The radiator support tube maintains the helical shape accuracy of the helical radiator, preventing deformation during long-term use or under external forces. This helps ensure that the antenna maintains good radiation performance under various operating conditions, improving the antenna's reliability and lifespan.

[0054] The metal connector features a threaded hole in the center, facilitating reliable electrical connections between the antenna and other equipment, such as feed cable assemblies. In aircraft electronic systems, reliable electrical connections are crucial for ensuring normal signal transmission; this metal connector design meets this requirement, reducing signal interruptions or interference caused by poor connections. The metal connector end has an interface adapted to the helical radiator, allowing for a tight fit. After the adapter is connected, welding is performed to secure the connection, further enhancing reliability. The welding process provides a high-strength mechanical connection and excellent electrical conductivity, ensuring no loosening or poor contact between the metal connector and the helical radiator, thus guaranteeing stable antenna electrical performance.

[0055] In the above embodiments, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the self-locking socket 103 is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency socket. Specifically, the tail of the self-locking socket 103 is a stud, which is assembled and connected to the threaded hole of the metal connector of the aforementioned electromagnetic radiator 102.

[0056] (like Figure 3 As shown in the above embodiment, as a further improvement of the present invention: the power supply cable assembly 2 is composed of a flexible sheathed cable 201 and self-locking plugs I 202 located at both ends of the sheathed cable 201. The sheathed cable 201 is a single-core wire; the self-locking plug I 202 has a soldering hole at its tail, and the single-core wire of the sheathed cable 201 is crimped into the soldering hole of the self-locking plug I 202 and soldered to the soldering hole.

[0057] It should be noted that: (in conjunction with) Figure 5 201 sheathed cable is adapted to harsh environments, ensuring stable signal transmission. Its flexible design facilitates installation and layout. The single-core wire structure is simple and reliable, making maintenance and troubleshooting easy. The self-locking plug I design ensures reliable and secure connection. The soldering hole design enhances connection strength. It combines standardization and versatility, facilitating procurement and inventory management.

[0058] The flexibility of the sheathed cable 201 gives it excellent bending and torsional capabilities, allowing it to adapt to the complex spatial layout of aircraft interiors. During installation, the conductors can be bent into various shapes as needed, easily passing through narrow passages or bypassing other equipment without damaging the conductors. This flexibility not only improves installation efficiency but also reduces the risk of internal conductor breakage due to excessive bending stress, extending the service life of the power supply cable assembly 2.

[0059] The self-locking plug I202 features a self-locking function, automatically locking itself when connected to its corresponding socket to prevent loosening or detachment due to vibration, impact, or other factors during use. During aircraft flight, various complex mechanical forces, such as engine vibration and airflow impact, are encountered. This characteristic of the self-locking plug I202 ensures a stable and reliable connection between the power supply cable assembly 2 and the antenna / equipment, preventing signal interruption or poor contact due to loose connections. The self-locking plug I202 has a soldering hole at its tail, where the single-core wire of the sheathed cable 201 is crimped and soldered. This connection method combines the advantages of crimping and soldering, ensuring both mechanical strength between the wire and the plug and providing good electrical conductivity. The crimping process ensures tight contact between the wire and the soldering hole, increasing the contact area and reducing contact resistance; while soldering further enhances the reliability of the connection, preventing loosening due to vibration or other factors during long-term use. This dual connection method ensures stable operation of the power supply cable assembly 2 in various harsh environments.

[0060] The design and specifications of the self-locking plug I202 typically conform to relevant industry standards, making it compatible and interchangeable with common RF equipment and antenna sockets on the market. During the maintenance and upgrade of aircraft electronic systems, if it is necessary to replace the feeder cable assembly 2 or related equipment, other standard-compliant products can be used as substitutes, improving system flexibility and maintainability. Due to the versatility of the self-locking plug I202, the purchasing department can more easily find suitable suppliers and can purchase in bulk to reduce procurement costs. Furthermore, in terms of inventory management, there is no need to keep separate inventories for different plug specifications, reducing the complexity and cost of inventory management.

[0061] In the above embodiments, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the self-locking plug I 202 is a second-generation self-locking N-type RF plug I. Similarly, it offers reliable connection, excellent electrical performance, low signal loss, good shielding function, high temperature resistance, vibration and shock resistance, waterproof and dustproof properties, and conforms to industry standards.

[0062] (like Figure 4 As shown in the above embodiment, as a further improvement of the present invention: the radio frequency coaxial cable assembly 3 has a flexible radio frequency coaxial cable 301, one end of the radio frequency coaxial cable 301 is provided with a self-locking plug II 302, and the other end is provided with an L22 radio frequency coaxial connector 303; the core wires of the radio frequency coaxial cable 301 are respectively crimped and soldered to the center conductors of the self-locking plug II 302 and the L22 radio frequency coaxial connector 303; the shielding mesh of the radio frequency coaxial cable 301 is crimped and soldered to the shell of the L22 radio frequency coaxial connector 303.

[0063] It should be noted that: it adapts to complex spatial environments, reduces installation stress, extends lifespan, ensures stable core wire connections, provides excellent shielding, delivers high signal transmission quality, and is widely compatible.

[0064] Among them, the flexible RF coaxial cable 301 possesses excellent bending and torsional capabilities, easily adapting to the complex and compact spatial layout of aircraft interiors. Within the confined equipment bays of an aircraft, it can be bent and wound according to the actual installation path, eliminating the need for extensive extra space to ensure cable extension, effectively improving space utilization and making equipment installation more compact and rational. During installation, the flexible cable can naturally bend to adapt to the installation position, unlike rigid cables which experience significant internal stress due to forced bending. This characteristic avoids damage to the cable's internal structure caused by installation stress, such as core wire breakage and insulation layer damage, thereby extending the cable's service life and reducing subsequent maintenance costs.

[0065] In this design, the core wires of the RF coaxial cable 301 are crimped and soldered to the center conductors of the self-locking plug II 302 and the L22 RF coaxial connector 303, respectively. The crimping process ensures tight contact between the core wires and the center conductor, increasing the contact area and effectively reducing contact resistance. Soldering further enhances the reliability of the connection, preventing loosening due to vibration, temperature changes, or other factors during long-term use, thus ensuring stable signal transmission and low loss. The shielding mesh of the RF coaxial cable 301 is crimped and soldered to the housing of the L22 RF coaxial connector 303. This connection method forms a complete shielding loop, effectively shielding against external electromagnetic interference and preventing external electromagnetic signals from interfering with the RF signals transmitted within the cable. It also reduces the impact of electromagnetic radiation generated by the cable itself on surrounding equipment, ensuring the quality and purity of signal transmission. The robust core wire connection and excellent shielding work together to enable the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 to transmit RF signals with high quality. In aircraft communication and navigation systems, the accuracy and stability of signals are extremely important. This component can meet these stringent requirements, ensuring that the aircraft can achieve reliable communication and navigation functions under various flight conditions.

[0066] The self-locking plug II 302 features a self-locking function, automatically locking itself when connected to its corresponding socket to prevent loosening or detachment due to vibration, impact, or other factors during use. During aircraft flight, various complex mechanical forces act upon the device; this characteristic of the self-locking plug II 302 ensures a stable and reliable connection between the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 and the equipment, preventing signal interruptions or equipment malfunctions caused by connection issues. The L22 RF coaxial connector 303 is a common standard RF connector with broad compatibility. It can connect to various L22-compliant devices, facilitating the integration and interchangeability of the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 with different devices. During the maintenance and upgrade of aircraft electronic systems, if equipment or cables need to be replaced, using the L22 RF coaxial connector 303 can reduce replacement costs and difficulty, improving system flexibility and maintainability.

[0067] Therefore, the improved design of the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 has optimized aspects such as installation flexibility, electrical connection reliability, and connector performance. These advantages work together to improve the overall performance of the aircraft's RF system. Stable signal transmission, reliable connections, and good compatibility make the aircraft's operation of RF-related systems such as communication, navigation, and radar more efficient and accurate, improving the overall safety and reliability of the aircraft. Because this assembly has reliable connections and good anti-interference capabilities, it reduces equipment failures and signal interruptions caused by loose connections, signal interference, and other problems. This means that during routine aircraft maintenance and repair, there are fewer fault points to handle, reducing maintenance workload, thereby lowering maintenance costs and downtime, and improving aircraft utilization efficiency.

[0068] In the above embodiments, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the self-locking plug II 302 is a second-generation self-locking N-type RF plug II. Similarly, it features high-frequency broadband stable transmission, threaded locking, strong vibration resistance, low signal loss, good shielding, excellent electrical performance, durability, and strong environmental adaptability, conforming to industry standards.

[0069] The connection method of this invention is as follows: one end of the antenna radiator I1-1 is screwed tightly to one end of the feed cable assembly I2-1, the other end of the feed cable assembly I2-1 is screwed tightly to one end of the antenna radiator II1-2, the other end of the antenna radiator II1-2 is screwed tightly to one end of the feed cable assembly II2-2, and the other end of the feed cable assembly II2-2 is screwed tightly to the antenna radiator III1-3; then, the second-generation self-locking N-type RF plug II on the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 is screwed tightly to the self-locking socket 103 at the free end of the antenna radiator I1-1.

[0070] As can be seen from the above description, this invention exhibits significant advantages in multiple dimensions, including airborne antenna performance, installation reliability, and ease of maintenance. It can be conformally mounted to the aircraft's vertical tail structure, making efficient use of limited space; the second-generation self-locking N-type RF connector ensures reliable connection and excellent electrical connection characteristics; high-strength protection and lightweight design, precise positioning, stable installation, and an optimized electromagnetic radiator design guarantee smooth signal transmission; it offers flexible layout and strong compatibility; its modular design facilitates maintenance; and its standardized connections simplify management.

[0071] In summary, this invention effectively solves the problems of low reliability, high maintenance costs, and poor communication performance of existing airborne shortwave antennas. By employing a segmented tubular shortwave antenna, the length of the antenna radiator is increased, thereby improving the antenna's shortwave communication radiation efficiency. The conformal layout expands the antenna's coverage area. It effectively addresses the problem of long-distance communication. Furthermore, this antenna is easy to assemble and disassemble, has low maintenance costs, and high structural reliability. Through the synergistic effect of the segmented design and conformal layout, it improves the antenna's shortwave communication radiation efficiency and increases its coverage area, making it suitable for widespread application.

[0072] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications and equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna, characterized in that: The system includes a rigid antenna radiator (1), a flexible feed cable assembly (2), and an RF coaxial cable assembly (3). The antenna radiator (1) includes antenna radiators I (1-1), II (1-2), and III (1-3) of different lengths. The feed cable assembly (2) includes feed cable assembly I (2-1) and II (2-2). The RF coaxial cable assembly (3), antenna radiators I (1-1), feed cable assembly I (2-1), antenna radiators II (1-2), feed cable assembly II (2-2), and antenna radiators III (1-3) are sequentially connected through an RF coaxial connector and conformally installed inside the aircraft skin.

2. The segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency coaxial connector is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency connector.

3. The segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna radiator (1) includes an antenna radiator protection tube (101), an electromagnetic radiator (102), and a self-locking socket (103); the antenna radiator protection tube (101) is wound and formed with high-strength glass fiber composite material; the electromagnetic radiator (102) is bonded to the inside of the antenna radiator protection tube (101) with epoxy resin adhesive, and the two ends of the electromagnetic radiator (102) are respectively screwed and bonded to the self-locking socket (103) with epoxy resin adhesive.

4. The segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The antenna radiator protection tube (101) is provided with a limiting boss (104) and a mounting clamping section (105); the limiting boss (104) is used to prevent the antenna radiator (1) from moving axially; the mounting clamping section (105) is used to clamp and fix the antenna radiator (1), and the size of the mounting clamping section (105) is adjusted according to the size of the inner rib plate of the fuselage skin.

5. The segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electromagnetic radiator (102) consists of a radiator support tube, a spiral radiator, and a metal connector; the outer wall of the spiral radiator has three pitches, and the spiral radiator is a three-section tubular structure; the radiator support tube is installed inside the spiral radiator tube to support the spiral radiator; the metal connector is located at both ends of the spiral radiator and is fixedly connected to the spiral radiator.

6. The segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The self-locking socket (103) is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency socket.

7. The segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply cable assembly (2) consists of a flexible sheathed cable (201) and self-locking plugs I (202) located at both ends of the sheathed cable (201); the sheathed cable (201) is a single-core wire; the self-locking plug I (202) has a soldering hole at its tail, and the single-core wire of the sheathed cable (201) is crimped into the soldering hole of the self-locking plug I (202) and soldered to the soldering hole.

8. The segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The self-locking plug I (202) is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency plug I.

9. The segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency coaxial cable assembly (3) has a flexible radio frequency coaxial cable (301), one end of which is provided with a self-locking plug II (302), and the other end is provided with an L22 radio frequency coaxial connector (303); the core wires of the radio frequency coaxial cable (301) are respectively crimped and soldered to the center conductors of the self-locking plug II (302) and the L22 radio frequency coaxial connector (303); the shielding mesh of the radio frequency coaxial cable (301) is crimped and soldered to the shell of the L22 radio frequency coaxial connector (303).

10. The segmented airborne conformal shortwave antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The self-locking plug II (302) is a second-generation self-locking N-type radio frequency plug II.

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