Quenching and tempering spindle and conditioner

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of feed processing, and discloses a hardening and tempering main shaft, which has the advantages of structural simplicity and cost reduction on the premise of ensuring the hardening and tempering effect, and comprises a main shaft body and a plurality of paddle assemblies uniformly arranged on the circumferential surface of the main shaft body along the extension direction of the main shaft body, the paddle assembly comprises a matching reference seat, a paddle body and a paddle shaft fixing piece, the matching reference seat is arranged on the arc circumferential surface of the main shaft body and is provided with a shaft surface reference part, the paddle body is provided with a body arrangement part and a paddle, and the body arrangement part is matched with the shaft surface reference part; the paddle body is detachably fixed on the main shaft body through the paddle shaft fixing piece, when the body setting part rotates on the shaft piece reference part, the paddle mounting angle of the paddle is changed, and the paddle body is a web-shaped paddle. The invention further discloses the conditioner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed processing, specifically relating to a conditioning spindle and a conditioning device. Background Technology

[0002] The feed conditioner is a core piece of equipment in a feed production line. Its main function is to mix powdered materials with steam, causing starch gelatinization, protein denaturation, and the elimination of pathogens, thereby improving the quality of pelleted feed and the digestibility of farmed animals. The conditioning effect depends primarily on the residence time of the material with steam within the conditioner and the uniformity of the steam-material mixing. A longer residence time results in better mixing with steam; better uniformity of steam-material mixing leads to superior starch gelatinization, protein denaturation, and the elimination of pathogens. The residence time and uniformity of steam-material mixing depend on the main shaft of the conditioner. Traditional conditioners have a continuous propeller blade (known in the industry as an auger) extending in the propulsion direction and driven by a motor, along with multiple spaced-apart web-shaped blades. The material is propelled by the rotating propeller blades and mixed uniformly with steam, then conditioned by the web-shaped blades. However, in traditional conditioners, the angles of the continuous propeller blades and web-shaped blades are fixed during the main shaft's formation, and the blade angles are further affected by the rotation of the propeller blades. The shaft rotation speed is one of the two main factors determining the material residence time. Therefore, traditional conditioners can only adjust the material residence time by adjusting the motor drive power. Obviously, the slower the rotation speed, the less likely the web-shaped blades are to agitate the material, which easily leads to material clumping and insufficient steam mixing, i.e., insufficient maturation. On the other hand, the faster the rotation speed, the slower the steam mixes with the material, making it difficult to keep up with the speed of the material's centrifugal throwing, which also results in insufficient steam mixing and insufficient maturation. Moreover, since adjusting the main shaft rotation speed will change the material filling coefficient and the material layer thickness, it is not feasible to simply adjust the motor speed in actual production. It is often necessary to make adaptive adjustments to the relevant process parameters. That is, after each speed adjustment, the relevant process parameters need to be recalculated and verified in a relatively complex manner.

[0003] Currently, to improve the application status of traditional conditioners, a Chinese utility model patent (publication number: CN220677433U) discloses a pet conditioner paddle adjustment mechanism. This solution uses a knob at the end to move a connecting rod inside the shaft, thereby driving a gear mechanism to change the angle of the paddle (web-type paddle). Its structure is complex, with numerous parts, and relies on precise internal transmission. Another Chinese utility model patent (publication number: CN220835019U) discloses a new type of conditioner for a steam system, utilizing a hollow main shaft as a steam channel. Steam radiates outwards from the shaft center, attempting to increase the contact area.

[0004] However, the implementation of the solutions corresponding to the above patents also has obvious shortcomings: For a pet conditioner paddle adjustment mechanism, its structure is relatively complex, and the internal precision gears, springs and linkage mechanisms are prone to jamming and failure due to material caking and corrosion. Once a failure occurs, the entire main shaft needs to be disassembled for repair, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive; For a new type of steam system conditioner, although the hollow shaft air intake scheme improves the distribution, it has extremely high requirements for the sealing of the rotary joint, and the steam hole is easily blocked by feed.

[0005] In conclusion, none of the above solutions can simultaneously achieve structural simplicity and cost reduction while ensuring the conditioning effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a tempering spindle and temperer that can ensure tempering effects while also achieving structural simplicity and cost reduction.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A quenched and tempered spindle includes: a spindle body and a plurality of blade assemblies uniformly disposed on the circumferential surface of the spindle body along the extension direction of the spindle body. Each blade assembly includes a mating reference seat, a blade body, and a blade shaft fixing member. The mating reference seat is disposed on the arcuate circumferential surface of the spindle body and has a shaft surface reference portion. The blade body has a body mounting portion and a blade. The body mounting portion mates with the shaft surface reference portion. The blade body is detachably fixed to the spindle body by the blade shaft fixing member. When the body mounting portion rotates on the shaft surface reference portion, the blade mounting angle of the blade changes.

[0008] Preferably, the shaft surface reference part has multiple dwelling positions, and the body setting part has a positioning structure. When different dwelling positions of the positioning structure are matched, the blade mounting angle of the blade changes. Furthermore, the reference base has an integral axial surface positioning plate and an axial surface reference portion extending radially outward along the spindle body. The axial surface positioning plate is threaded to the circumferential surface of the spindle body, and multiple dwelling positions are formed at the free end of the axial surface reference portion.

[0009] Furthermore, the axial reference portion is a cylindrical channel perpendicular to the main spindle body, the dwelling position is toothed, multiple dwelling positions are evenly distributed along the circumference of the axial reference portion, and the positioning structure is convex toothed.

[0010] Preferably, the main shaft body has a radial through hole, and the mating reference seat has a clearance through hole corresponding to the radial through hole. The blade body also has a fixing rod portion, which passes through the main shaft body through the clearance through hole and the radial through hole. The blade fixing member is threadedly engaged with the protruding fixing rod portion on the opposite side of the main shaft body. Furthermore, any two adjacent blades are located on opposite sides of the main shaft body.

[0011] Furthermore, all blades have at least two blade mounting angles.

[0012] Preferably, the main shaft body has a continuous auger section and a blade section along its extension direction, and the circumferential surface of the auger section is formed with continuously extending propeller blades, with multiple blade assemblies located in the blade section.

[0013] A conditioner includes the aforementioned conditioner spindle and further includes a conditioner housing fitted around the outside of the conditioner spindle, with a flow gap between the free end of the blade and the inner wall of the conditioner housing corresponding to the radial direction, the conditioner housing having a steam inlet, and the inlet orientation of the steam inlet being in the same direction as the tangential direction of the conditioner housing at the steam inlet position.

[0014] Preferably, a propeller blade is formed at the end of the main shaft body, and the conditioner housing is also formed with a feed inlet corresponding to the propeller blade. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Because the tempering spindle of the present invention includes a spindle body and a plurality of blade assemblies uniformly arranged on the circumferential surface of the spindle body along the extension direction of the spindle body, the blade assembly includes a mating reference seat, a blade body and a blade shaft fixing member. The mating reference seat is arranged on the arc circumferential surface of the spindle body and has a shaft surface reference portion. The blade body has a body setting portion and a blade. The body setting portion mates with the shaft surface reference portion. The blade body is detachably fixed to the spindle body by the blade shaft fixing member. When the body setting portion rotates on the shaft reference portion, the blade installation angle of the blade changes. The blade body is a web-shaped blade. That is, the blade body can be fixedly positioned on the spindle body by only the mating reference seat, the blade body and the blade shaft fixing member. Moreover, the blade body and the spindle body are easy to assemble and disassemble. Therefore, the present invention can achieve both structural simplicity and cost reduction while ensuring the tempering effect.

[0015] 2. Because the axial reference portion of the present invention is a cylindrical channel perpendicular to the main shaft body, the dwelling position is toothed, and multiple dwelling positions are evenly distributed along the circumference of the axial reference portion, and the positioning structure is toothed, the present invention, through the cooperation of the toothed and toothed portions, enables the blade body to be accurately and selectively positioned on the circumference of the main shaft body at several predetermined installation angles, thereby making the accurate positioning of the predetermined installation angle of the blade body more convenient.

[0016] 3. Because the main shaft body of the present invention has a radial through hole, and the reference seat has a clearance through hole corresponding to the radial through hole, and the blade body also has a fixing rod, the fixing rod passes through the main shaft body through the clearance through hole and the radial through hole, and the blade fixing member is threadedly engaged with the protruding fixing rod on the opposite side of the main shaft body, the blade body of the present invention has a higher bonding strength by passing through the circumference of the main shaft body.

[0017] 4. Because all blades of the present invention have at least two blade installation angles, the present invention can, based on relevant process parameters, extend the residence time of materials in the conditioner without changing the spindle speed, and greatly improve the uniformity of steam and material mixing by adjusting the material propulsion trend through different blade installation angles.

[0018] 5. Because the conditioner of the present invention also includes a conditioner housing, which is fitted around the outside of the conditioner main shaft, and there is a flow gap between the free end of the blade and the inner wall of the conditioner housing corresponding to the radial direction, and the conditioner housing forms a steam inlet, and the inlet direction of the steam inlet is in the same direction as the tangential direction of the conditioner housing at the steam inlet position, the high-pressure steam introduced by the present invention through the steam inlet can be continuously introduced tangentially. Thus, when the steam is mixed with the material, it first forms a "cyclone" that spreads along the extension direction of the main shaft body and completely "wraps" the outside of the material through the flow gap, and then mixes with the material for subsequent conditioning. This not only avoids the local high-temperature agglomeration caused by the direct impact of steam on the material, but also prolongs the steam's travel in the cylinder, significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency and conditioning uniformity (CV value). Furthermore, the "cyclone" can effectively eliminate the "conditioning dead zone" inside the conditioner housing. Experiments show that compared with the non-tangential air intake scheme, the steam inlet reduces the temperature variation coefficient (CV) of the conditioned feed by more than 15%, and no obvious local agglomeration phenomenon was found. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the main shaft body and blade assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steam inlet orientation and the conditioning spindle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 100, Conditioner; 10, Conditioner spindle; 11, Spindle body; 11a, Screw section; 11b, Blade section; 11c, Radial through hole; 111, Propeller blade; 12, Blade assembly; 121, Fitting reference seat; 1211, Shaft surface positioning plate; 1211a, Clearance through hole; 1212, Shaft surface reference; 1212a, Dwelling position; 122, Blade body; 1221, Blade; 1222, Body setting part; 1222a, Positioning structure; 1223, Fixing rod part; 123, Blade shaft fixing part; 20, Conditioner housing; 21, Feed inlet; 22, Steam inlet; G, Flow gap; 22a, Steam inlet; 23, Discharge outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easier to understand, the following embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specifically illustrate the conditioner of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the conditioner 100 in this embodiment includes a conditioner spindle 10 and a conditioner housing 20. The quenched and tempered spindle 10 includes a spindle body 11 and a blade assembly 12.

[0025] The spindle body 11 is coupled to the output of an external drive motor (not shown in the attached figure), that is, torque is provided through the drive motor.

[0026] The main shaft body 11 forms a continuous auger section 11a and a blade section 11b along its own extension direction. The auger section 11a is coupled to the output shaft of the drive motor. The circumferential surface of the auger section 11a has a continuously extending propeller blade 111. The blade section 11b has a plurality of radial through holes 11c. Specifically, the propeller blade 111 is used to generate propulsion power along the direction of the main shaft body 11. The plurality of radial through holes 11c are evenly distributed in the blade section 11b along the extension direction of the main shaft body 11.

[0027] The number of multiple blade assemblies 12 is multiple, and all multiple blade assemblies 12 are located in the blade section. The multiple blade assemblies 12 correspond to multiple radial through holes 11c, so that the multiple blade assemblies 12 are uniformly arranged on the circumferential surface of the blade section 11b along the extension direction of the main shaft body 11.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the blade assembly 12 includes a mating reference base 121, a blade body 122, and a blade shaft fixing member 123.

[0029] The reference base 121 has an integrally formed axial surface positioning plate portion 1211 and an axial surface reference portion 1212.

[0030] The axial positioning plate portion 1211 is provided on the arc circumferential surface of the spindle body 11 and is threadedly engaged with the circumferential surface. The axial positioning plate portion 1211 has a clearance through hole 1211a corresponding to the radial through hole 11c.

[0031] The axial surface reference portion 1212 is farther away from the spindle body 11 than the axial surface positioning plate portion 1211, and the axial surface reference portion 1212 extends outward along the radial direction of the spindle body 11. The axial surface reference portion 1212 is a cylindrical channel with both ends open and perpendicular to the spindle body 11. Specifically, the radial through hole 11c and the clearance through hole 1211a are both circular holes, and the axial surface reference portion 1212 forms a cylindrical channel by bending along the outside of the clearance through hole 1211a.

[0032] The free end of the axial reference portion 1212 has a plurality of toothed dwelling positions 1212a uniformly formed along its circumference. In this embodiment, the number of dwelling positions 1212a is 12, so the angle of the envelope between two adjacent dwelling positions 1212a is 360° / 12=30°.

[0033] The blade body 122 has blades 1221, a body mounting part 1222, and a fixing rod part 1223 arranged in sequence.

[0034] The main body setting part 1222 has a positioning structure 1222a with a toothed shape. When the positioning structure 1222a is engaged with different dwelling positions 1212a, that is, when the main body setting part 1222 rotates relative to the shaft reference part 1212, the blade mounting angle of the blade 1221 changes. Specifically, the positioning structure 1222a is adapted to the shape of the dwelling position 1212a. In this embodiment, when the positioning structure 1222a is engaged with two adjacent dwelling positions 1212a respectively, the blade mounting angle of the blade 1221 differs by 30°.

[0035] The fixed rod 1223 passes through the main shaft body 11 through the clearance through hole 1211a and the radial through hole 11c. The propeller shaft fixing member 123 is threadedly engaged with the protruding fixed rod 1223 on the opposite side of the main shaft body 11. Specifically, the propeller shaft fixing member 123 is a fastening nut.

[0036] Specifically, the blade assembly 12 and the main shaft body 11 adopt a fully open external mechanical fit. When it is necessary to adjust the blade installation angle of the blade 1221, it is only necessary to release the blade shaft fixing part 123 and disengage the positioning structure 1222a from the dwell position 1212a to conveniently and accurately adjust the blade installation angle. Similarly, when the material clumps together, it is only necessary to release the blade shaft fixing part 123 and disengage the positioning structure 1222a from the dwell position 1212a to clean the dwell position 1212a and the positioning structure 1222a. Thus, the conditioning main shaft 10 will not jam internally, which greatly reduces the equipment failure rate and maintenance cost.

[0037] In the extending direction of the main shaft body 11, any two adjacent blades 1221 are located on opposite sides of the main shaft body 11, and all blades 1221 have at least two blade installation angles. Specifically, multiple blades 1221 sequentially form multiple blade clusters (not shown in the figure) in the extending direction of the main shaft body 11. The blades 1221 of two adjacent blade clusters have different blade angles. Thus, when the material is continuously propelled by the propeller blades 111, the different blade clusters make the movement trend of the material constantly adjusted during the propulsion process. Therefore, under this condition, the uniformity of steam material mixing is higher.

[0038] The conditioner housing 20 is a cylindrical body, which is fitted around the outside of the conditioner spindle 10, and there is a flow gap G between the free end of the blade 1221 and the inner wall of the conditioner housing 20 corresponding to the radial direction.

[0039] The conditioner housing 20 has a feed inlet 21, a steam inlet 22, and a discharge outlet 23. The feed inlet 21 corresponds to the screw conveyor section 11a in the radial direction of the conditioner housing 20, and the steam inlet 22 corresponds to the transition position of the screw conveyor section 11a and the blade section 11b in the radial direction of the conditioner housing 20. Specifically, the feed inlet 21 and the discharge outlet 23 are respectively formed at both ends of the extended longitudinal direction of the conditioner housing 20.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the inlet orientation of steam inlet 22 is the same as the tangential direction of the inner wall corresponding to steam inlet 22 inside the conditioner housing 20. Specifically, the steam inlet 22a entering the conditioner housing 20 flows tangentially along the inner wall of the conditioner housing 20 and preferentially extends at high speed spirally along the extension direction of the main shaft body 11 through the flow gap G, forming a "cyclone" that completely "wraps" the material outside. In this embodiment, the flow gap G is 3 mm, thereby effectively scraping off the material adhering to the inner wall of the conditioner housing 20 and ensuring heat transfer efficiency.

[0041] Specifically, the "cyclone" formed by the steam intake 22a envelops the material particles thrown into the air by the blade 1221. Figure 3 The main spindle body 11 rotates along R to achieve 360° uniform heating within the cross section of the modulator housing 20. The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort within the scope of the appended claims are still within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A quenched and tempered spindle, characterized in that, include: The main shaft body, and a plurality of blade assemblies evenly arranged on the circumferential surface of the main shaft body along its extension direction. The blade assembly includes a mating reference seat, a blade body, and a blade shaft fixing component. The mating reference seat is disposed on the arcuate circumferential surface of the main shaft body, and the mating reference seat has an axial surface reference portion. The blade body has a body mounting part and a blade. The body mounting part cooperates with the shaft surface reference part. The blade body is detachably fixed to the main shaft body by a blade shaft fixing member. When the body mounting part rotates on the shaft reference part, the blade mounting angle of the blade changes.

2. The quenching and tempering spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The axial reference portion has multiple dwelling positions, and the body setting portion has a positioning structure. When different dwelling positions of the positioning structure are matched, the blade installation angle of the blade changes.

3. The quenching and tempering spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that: in, The mating reference seat has an integral axial surface positioning plate portion and an axial surface reference portion extending radially outward along the spindle body. The axial surface positioning plate portion is threadedly fixed to the circumferential surface of the spindle body, and a plurality of the dwelling positions are formed at the free end of the axial surface reference portion.

4. The quenching and tempering spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: in, The axial reference portion is a cylindrical channel perpendicular to the main shaft body, the dwelling position is toothed, and a plurality of dwelling positions are evenly distributed along the circumference of the axial reference portion, and the positioning structure is toothed.

5. The quenching and tempering spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The main shaft body has a radial through hole, the mating reference seat has a clearance through hole corresponding to the radial through hole, the blade body also has a fixing rod portion, the fixing rod portion passes through the main shaft body through the clearance through hole and the radial through hole, and the blade fixing member is threadedly engaged with the protruding fixing rod portion on the opposite side of the main shaft body.

6. The quenching and tempering spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that: in, Any two adjacent blades are located on opposite sides of the main shaft body.

7. The quenching and tempering spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that: in, All of the blades have at least two blade mounting angles.

8. The quenching and tempering spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The main shaft body has a continuous auger section and a blade section along its own extension direction. The circumferential surface of the auger section is formed with continuously extending propeller blades, and multiple blade assemblies are located in the blade section.

9. A tempering device, comprising the tempering spindle according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Also includes: The conditioner housing is fitted and sleeved outside the conditioner spindle, and there is a flow clearance between the free end of the blade and the radially corresponding inner wall of the conditioner housing. The conditioner housing has a steam inlet, and the inlet orientation of the steam inlet is the same as the tangential direction of the conditioner housing at the location of the steam inlet.

10. The conditioner according to claim 9, characterized in that: in, The end of the main shaft body is formed with a propeller blade, and the conditioner housing is also formed with a feed port corresponding to the propeller blade.

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