Ship door and window hole and opening method

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship door and window hole and a hole opening method, at least one connecting bridge is arranged in the ship door and window hole, the connecting bridge is parallel to the edge of the door and window hole, the two ends of the connecting bridge are fixedly arranged on the edge of the door and window hole, and the connecting bridge can be separated from the door and window hole. The hole opening method sequentially comprises the steps that virtual holes of door and window holes are formed in a building board; a shadow area where the connecting bridge is located is marked in the virtual hole; door and window holes are cut in the building board along the positions of the virtual holes, and connecting bridges are reserved; after the building board is installed, the connecting bridge is cut, and the connecting bridge and the door and window hole are separated. The structural strength of the opening position of the ship door and window hole can be effectively enhanced, stress in the machining, transporting and assembling processes can be dispersed, the damage risk of the plate is reduced, and the ship structural stability is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and in particular to a method for creating door and window openings in ships. Background Technology

[0002] Different specifications apply to the openings of doors and windows in different areas of a ship. When designing a ship, the location of the openings must not significantly weaken the structural strength of the hull. The height of the openings will also be adjusted. During the construction process, steel utilization and steel plate ordering size requirements must be considered. Often, there are plate seams that span the openings of doors and windows. In ship construction, the openings of doors and windows need to take into account structural strength, ease of processing, and the needs of later assembly.

[0003] Current techniques for creating doors and windows across shipboard gaps are typically as follows: Figure 1 As shown above, virtual holes are marked on the ship's structural plating. The structural plating is then transported to the site, where holes are drilled along the dotted lines, or as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 As shown below, after cutting the door and window openings in half, half of the size of the opening is made in the building slab. After the building slab is transported to the site, it is welded and assembled. The former method of making door and window openings increases the difficulty and error of manual cutting on site, while the latter method of making door and window openings has technical problems such as the board being prone to deformation during the transportation and stacking of building slabs, the sharp corners of the half-size door and window openings being easily damaged, and larger errors in on-site assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, this application provides a method for opening holes for ship doors and windows, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art such as high cutting difficulty and large error, easy deformation of plates, easy damage to sharp corners and large assembly errors in the process of opening holes for ship doors and windows.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A type of door / window opening for shipboard expansion joints, wherein the door / window opening is formed on the building board, and at least one connecting bridge is provided in the door / window opening, the connecting bridge being parallel to the side of the door / window opening, and both ends of the connecting bridge being fixedly set on the side of the door / window opening, and the connecting bridge being detachable from the door / window opening.

[0006] In one embodiment, the connecting bridge is a portion reserved when opening door and window holes in the building slab, and the thickness of the connecting bridge is 50-300mm.

[0007] In one embodiment, the building slab includes a first building slab and a second building slab, which are fixedly connected. A door or window hole is provided through the joint between the first building slab and the second building slab. The joint is located in the middle area of ​​the door or window hole. Two connecting bridges are provided along the joint inside the door or window hole. When the first building slab and the second building slab are fixedly connected, the outer edges of the two connecting bridges along the joint are opposite each other.

[0008] In one embodiment, when the door / window opening is a door opening, the width of the two connecting bridges set along the board joint is 150mm; when the door / window opening is a window opening, the width of the two connecting bridges set along the board joint is 50mm.

[0009] In one embodiment, the door opening is a floor-mounted door opening, and a connecting bridge parallel to the short side of the door opening is provided at the bottom of the door opening. The width of the connecting bridge at the bottom opening is 200mm.

[0010] In one embodiment, the door opening is a non-floor door opening with a threshold height of less than 200mm. A connecting bridge parallel to the short side of the door opening is provided on the lower side of the door opening. The width of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening is 200mm, and the distance between the lower surface of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening and the lower end of the door opening is 100mm.

[0011] In one implementation, positioning lines are provided on both connecting bridges located on the board seam.

[0012] In one embodiment, the building panel includes a first building panel and a second building panel, which are fixedly connected. A door or window hole is provided through the joint between the first building panel and the second building panel. The joint is located in the upper region of the door or window hole, and a connecting bridge is provided inside the door or window hole. The upper end face of the connecting bridge is provided along the joint.

[0013] In one embodiment, when the door / window opening is a door opening, the distance between the board seam and the top of the door opening is less than 300mm, and the width of the connecting bridge is 300mm; when the door / window opening is a window opening, the width of the connecting bridge is 100mm.

[0014] This application also provides a method for opening doors and windows in a ship, including the following steps: Step 1: Draw virtual holes for doors and windows on the building slab; Step 2: Draw the shaded area where the bridge is located within the virtual hole. The bridge is parallel to the edge of the door / window hole, and both ends of the bridge are set on the edge of the door / window hole. Step 3: Cut door and window holes along the virtual hole positions on the building slab, leaving a shaded area during the cutting process to provide a bridge for the door and window holes; Step 4: Transport the building panels to the site. After the building panels are installed, cut the connecting bridges and separate the connecting bridges from the door and window openings.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: This application effectively enhances the structural strength of the openings in the doors and windows of ships by setting up connecting bridges inside the openings, disperses stress during processing, transportation and assembly, reduces the risk of plate damage, ensures the structural stability of the ship, and solves the problems of edge deformation and cracking that are prone to occur in traditional designs. Standardized bridge form and design methods simplify the processing of door and window holes, reduce the difficulty and error of manual cutting; the bridge can be flexibly modified on site to adapt to the needs of the construction process, improve construction efficiency, and shorten the ship construction cycle; This application includes a variety of bridge shapes and size adaptation systems, covering different ship door and window opening design requirements (such as door and window openings with different lengths, widths, and edge distances), and is compatible with opening scenarios in different parts of the ship (superstructure, cabin bulkheads, etc.). It has high versatility and reduces design and manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing process for opening doors and windows in ships; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process for opening doors and windows in a ship, as illustrated in this application.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship's door and window openings in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship's door and window openings in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship's door and window openings in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship's door and window openings in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship's door and window openings in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship's door and window openings in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship's door and window openings in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship's door and window openings in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 ; Reference numerals: 1. Building slab; 101. First building slab; 102. Second building slab; 2. Slab joint; 3. Door and window opening; 301. Window opening; 302. Door opening; 4. Connecting bridge; 5. Virtual hole; Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0019] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0020] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0021] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical connection or internal connection between two components. They can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] This embodiment provides a door / window opening across a ship's deck, such as... Figure 2-9 As shown, the door and window opening 3 is opened on the building slab 1. At least one connecting bridge 4 is provided in the door and window opening 3. The connecting bridge 4 is parallel to the side of the door and window opening 3. The two ends of the connecting bridge 4 are fixedly set on the side of the door and window opening 4. The connecting bridge 4 can be separated from the door and window opening 3.

[0024] The connecting bridge 4 is a portion reserved when opening door and window holes in the building slab 1, and its thickness is 50-300mm. In one embodiment, the building slab 1 includes a first building slab 101 and a second building slab 102, which are fixedly connected. A door and window hole 3 is passed through the joint 2 between the first building slab 101 and the second building slab 102. The joint 2 is located in the middle area of ​​the door and window hole 3. Two connecting bridges 4 are provided along the joint 2 inside the door and window hole 3. When the first building slab 1 and the second building slab 2 are fixedly connected, the outer edges of the two connecting bridges 4 along the joint 2 are opposite each other. When the door and window hole 3 is a door hole 302, the width of the two connecting bridges along the joint 2 is 150mm. When the door hole 302 is a floor-to-ceiling door hole, as shown in the attached figure... Figure 3 As shown, a connecting bridge 4 parallel to the short side of the door opening 302 is provided at the bottom of the door opening 302, and the width of the connecting bridge 4 is 200mm; when the door opening 302 is a non-floor door opening, and the threshold height of the door opening 302 is greater than or equal to 200mm, then only two connecting bridges 4 are provided inside the door opening along the board seam 2, as shown. Figure 4 As shown; when the door opening 302 is a non-floor door opening, the threshold height of the door opening 302 is less than 200mm, and a connecting bridge 4 parallel to the short side of the door opening is provided on the lower side of the door opening 302. The width of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening 302 is 200mm, and the distance from the lower surface of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening 302 to the lower end of the door opening 302 is 100mm. Figure 5 As shown; when the door / window opening 3 is window opening 301, the width of the two connecting bridges set along the board joint 2 is 50mm, as follows. Figure 6 As shown. In order to facilitate accurate positioning of the first building slab 101 and the second building slab 102 during the fixed connection on site, positioning lines are set on the two connecting bridges 4 set on the slab joint 2.

[0025] In another embodiment, the building slab 1 includes a first building slab 101 and a second building slab 102, which are fixedly connected. A door / window opening 3 is provided through a gap 2 between the first building slab 101 and the second building slab 102. The gap 2 is located in the upper region of the door / window opening 3, and a connecting bridge 4 is provided inside the door / window opening 3. The upper end face of the connecting bridge 4 is provided along the gap 2. Figure 7 As shown, when the door / window opening is door opening 302, the distance between the plate joint 2 and the upper end of door opening 302 is less than 300mm, and the width of the connecting bridge 4 is 300mm. Figure 8 As shown, when the door / window opening is window opening 301, the width of the connecting bridge 4 is 100mm. In this embodiment, the board joint 2 divides the door / window opening into a large opening and a smaller opening. The smaller opening is less prone to deformation during the transportation and storage of the building board, so no connecting bridge is set on the smaller opening.

[0026] In another implementation scheme, the building slab 1 is a single unit without seams 2. When the door / window opening 3 is a door opening 302, a connecting bridge 4 is installed within the door opening 302. If the door opening 302 is a floor-to-ceiling door opening, as shown in the attached... Figure 9 As shown, the connecting bridge is set at the bottom of the door opening 302, and the connecting bridge 4 is parallel to the short side of the door opening 302. The width of the connecting bridge 4 is 300mm. When the door opening 302 is a non-bottom door opening, and the threshold height of the door opening 302 is less than 200mm, the connecting bridge is set on the lower side of the door opening 302, and the connecting bridge is parallel to the connecting bridge 4 on the short side of the door opening. The width of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening 302 is 200mm, and the distance between the lower surface of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening 302 and the lower end of the door opening 302 is 100mm.

[0027] This embodiment also provides a method for opening doors and windows in ships, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Draw virtual holes 5 for door and window openings 3 on the building slab 1; Step 2: Draw the shaded area where the connecting bridge 4 is located within the virtual hole 5. The connecting bridge 4 is parallel to the edge of the door and window hole 3, and the two ends of the connecting bridge 4 are set on the edge of the door and window hole 4. Step 3: Cut door and window holes along the virtual hole 5 on the building slab 1. During the cutting process, retain the shaded area to leave a bridge 4 in the door and window hole 3. Step 4: Transport building panel 1 to the site. After building panel 1 is installed, cut the connecting bridge 4 and separate the connecting bridge 4 from the door and window openings 3.

[0028] In step 2, if the building slab 1 includes a first building slab 101 and a second building slab 102, the first building slab 101 and the second building slab 102 can be fixedly connected. A door / window opening 3 passes through the joint 2 between the first building slab 101 and the second building slab 102. The joint 2 is located in the middle area of ​​the door / window opening 3. Two connecting bridges 4 are provided along the joint 2 inside the door / window opening 3. When the first building slab 1 and the second building slab 2 are fixedly connected, the outer edges of the two connecting bridges 4 along the joint 2 are opposite each other. When the door / window opening 3 is a door opening 302, the width of the two connecting bridges along the joint 2 is 150mm. When the door opening 302 is a floor-standing door opening, as shown in the attached diagram... Figure 3 As shown, a connecting bridge 4 parallel to the short side of the door opening 302 is provided at the bottom of the door opening 302, and the width of the connecting bridge 4 is 200mm; when the door opening 302 is a non-floor door opening, and the threshold height of the door opening 302 is greater than or equal to 200mm, then only two connecting bridges 4 are provided inside the door opening along the board seam 2, as shown. Figure 4 As shown; when the door opening 302 is a non-floor door opening, the threshold height of the door opening 302 is less than 200mm, and a connecting bridge 4 parallel to the short side of the door opening is provided on the lower side of the door opening 302. The width of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening 302 is 200mm, and the distance from the lower surface of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening 302 to the lower end of the door opening 302 is 100mm. Figure 5 As shown; when the door / window opening 3 is window opening 301, the width of the two connecting bridges set along the board joint 2 is 50mm, as follows. Figure 6 As shown. In order to facilitate accurate positioning of the first building slab 101 and the second building slab 102 during the fixed connection on site, positioning lines are set on the two connecting bridges 4 set on the slab joint 2.

[0029] In another embodiment, the building slab 1 includes a first building slab 101 and a second building slab 102, which are fixedly connected. A door / window opening 3 is provided through a gap 2 between the first building slab 101 and the second building slab 102. The gap 2 is located in the upper region of the door / window opening 3, and a connecting bridge 4 is provided inside the door / window opening 3. The upper end face of the connecting bridge 4 is provided along the gap 2. Figure 7 As shown, when the door / window opening is door opening 302, the distance between the plate joint 2 and the upper end of door opening 302 is less than 300mm, and the width of the connecting bridge 4 is 300mm. Figure 8 As shown, when the door / window opening is window opening 301, the width of the connecting bridge 4 is 100mm. In this embodiment, the board joint 2 divides the door / window opening into a large opening and a smaller opening. The smaller opening is less prone to deformation during the transportation and storage of the building board, so no connecting bridge is set on the smaller opening.

[0030] In another implementation scheme, the building slab 1 is a single unit without seams 2. When the door / window opening 3 is a door opening 302, a connecting bridge 4 is provided within the door opening 302. If the door opening 302 is a floor-to-ceiling door opening, as shown in the attached... Figure 9 As shown, the connecting bridge is set at the bottom of the doorway 302, with connecting bridge 4 parallel to the short side of the doorway 302 and a width of 300mm. When the doorway 302 is a non-bottom-reaching doorway, and the threshold height of the doorway 302 is less than 200mm, the connecting bridge is set on the lower side of the doorway 302, parallel to connecting bridge 4 on the short side of the doorway. The width of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the doorway 302 is 200mm, and the distance from the lower surface of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the doorway 302 to the lower end of the doorway 302 is 100mm. Figure 10 As shown.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of door / window opening for ships, characterized in that, The door and window openings are made on the building slab, and at least one connecting bridge is provided in the door and window opening. The connecting bridge is parallel to the side of the door and window opening, and both ends of the connecting bridge are fixedly set on the side of the door and window opening. The connecting bridge can be separated from the door and window opening.

2. The ship door and window opening according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting bridge is a portion retained when opening door and window holes in the building slab, and the thickness of the connecting bridge is 50-300mm.

3. The ship door and window opening according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building slab includes a first building slab and a second building slab, which can be fixedly connected. A door and window hole is provided through the joint between the first building slab and the second building slab. The joint is located in the middle area of ​​the door and window hole. Two connecting bridges are provided along the joint inside the door and window hole. When the first building slab and the second building slab are fixedly connected, the outer edges of the two connecting bridges along the joint are opposite each other.

4. The ship door and window opening according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the door / window opening is a door opening, the width of the two connecting bridges set along the board joint is 150mm; when the door / window opening is a window opening, the width of the two connecting bridges set along the board joint is 50mm.

5. The ship door and window opening according to claim 3, characterized in that, The door opening is a floor-mounted door opening, and a connecting bridge parallel to the short side of the door opening is provided at the bottom of the door opening. The width of the connecting bridge at the bottom opening is 200mm.

6. The ship door and window opening according to claim 3, characterized in that, The door opening is a non-floor type door opening with a threshold height of less than 200mm. A connecting bridge parallel to the short side of the door opening is provided on the lower side of the door opening. The width of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening is 200mm, and the distance from the lower surface of the connecting bridge on the lower side of the door opening to the lower end of the door opening is 100mm.

7. The ship door and window opening according to claim 3, characterized in that, Positioning lines are installed on both connecting bridges set on the board seam.

8. The ship door and window opening according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building slab includes a first building slab and a second building slab, which can be fixedly connected. A door and window hole is provided through the joint between the first building slab and the second building slab. The joint is located in the upper area of ​​the door and window hole. A connecting bridge is provided in the door and window hole, and the upper end face of the connecting bridge is set along the joint.

9. The ship door and window opening according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the door / window opening is a door opening, the distance between the board seam and the top of the door opening is less than 300mm, and the width of the connecting bridge is 300mm; when the door / window opening is a window opening, the width of the connecting bridge is 100mm.

10. A method for opening doors and windows in a ship, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Draw virtual holes for doors and windows on the building slab; Step 2: Draw the shaded area where the bridge is located within the virtual hole. The bridge is parallel to the edge of the door / window hole, and both ends of the bridge are set on the edge of the door / window hole. Step 3: Cut door and window holes along the virtual hole positions on the building slab, leaving a shaded area during the cutting process to provide a bridge for the door and window holes; Step 4: Transport the building panels to the site. After the building panels are installed, cut the connecting bridges and separate the connecting bridges from the door and window openings.

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