Tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device and parameter measurement method

Abstract

The invention relates to a tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device and a parameter measurement method, and the detection device comprises a lifting disc which is distributed along the horizontal direction and can lift along the vertical direction; the rotating disc is concentrically and rotationally arranged on the lifting disc, and a clamp for clamping a bearing ring to be tested is arranged on the rotating disc; the first detection piece is used for detecting the lifting displacement of the lifting disc; the second detection piece is used for obtaining detection data related to the contact angle of the to-be-detected bearing ring by making contact with a raceway of the to-be-detected bearing ring and measuring displacement, and the third detection piece is used for obtaining detection data related to the contact angle of the to-be-detected bearing ring by measuring space coordinates of points on a generatrix of the raceway of the to-be-detected bearing ring. Therefore, detection data related to the small inner diameter and / or the flange width of the to-be-detected bearing ring can be obtained. According to the invention, the key parameters of the tapered roller bearing ring can be directly, accurately and efficiently measured, and the circumferential consistency can be reflected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing testing technology, specifically to a device and method for testing the parameters of tapered roller bearing races. Background Technology

[0002] The assembly accuracy and service performance of tapered roller bearings largely depend on the machining accuracy of the key geometric dimensions of their inner and outer rings. Among these, the angles (α, β) between the raceway and the axis, the nominal inner diameter (E) of the small end of the outer ring, and the root width (a0) of the large flange of the inner ring are crucial parameters.

[0003] Currently, in routine on-site inspections, the angle between the raceway and the axis is often indirectly and qualitatively judged using a standard part comparison method: the part to be tested is compared with a high-precision standard part at a fixed inspection position, and the pass / fail status is determined by observing whether the gauge pointer's fluctuation range exceeds the tolerance. This method cannot obtain the specific value of the contact angle, nor can it assess its uniformity in the circumferential direction, making it difficult to accurately guide machining adjustments. For the nominal small inner diameter E and the width a0 of the flange root, due to the presence of chamfers and undercut grooves, conventional measuring tools cannot directly and accurately measure them. They typically rely on the inherent accuracy of the machining equipment or offline, multi-point measurements using complex profilometers. While the latter offers high accuracy, it is slow, inefficient, and requires highly skilled operators, making it unsuitable for rapid inspection and process monitoring on the production site. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a device and method for detecting parameters of tapered roller bearing rings, which can directly, accurately, efficiently and reflect the circumferential consistency of key parameters of tapered roller bearing rings.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the specific solution adopted by the present invention is: a tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device, comprising... The lifting platform is distributed horizontally and can be raised and lowered vertically. A rotating disk is concentrically and rotatably mounted on a lifting disk, and the rotating disk is equipped with a clamp for holding the bearing rings to be measured. The first testing component is used to detect the lifting displacement of the lifting platform; A second or third testing element is used to obtain testing data related to the contact angle of the bearing race by contacting the raceway of the bearing race under test and measuring the displacement. The third testing element is used to obtain testing data related to the small inner diameter and / or flange width of the bearing race by measuring the spatial coordinates of the points on the generatrix of the raceway of the bearing race under test.

[0006] Preferably, the lifting plate is provided with a thrust support for supporting the rotating plate. The thrust support includes a base plate fixed on the lifting plate and a top plate fixed on the rotating plate. Roller tracks are provided on opposite surfaces of the base plate and the top plate. Multiple steel balls are spaced apart in the roller tracks by a retainer.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a rotary motor and a lifting motor. The output shaft of the rotary motor is connected to the rotary disk via a key, and the output shaft of the lifting motor is connected to a lead screw, which is engaged with a nut set on the lifting disk.

[0008] Preferably, the first detection component is an optical scale or magnetic scale, the scale body of which is connected to the lifting plate and the reading head is connected to the fixed base; the second detection component is a dial indicator or a ten-thousand-count indicator; and the third detection component is a coordinate measuring machine.

[0009] Preferably, the clamp is a three-jaw chuck.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a bracket for fixing the second or third test piece.

[0011] A method for measuring the contact angle of a tapered roller bearing ring, using any of the tapered roller bearing ring parameter testing devices described above, includes the following steps: 1) Fix the bearing race to be tested onto the rotating disk, and adjust the probe of the second testing piece to a position close to the raceway of the bearing race; 2) Drive the bearing ring to be tested to move upward along its axis by lifting the plate, so that the probe contacts the raceway at the first contact point, and record the first measurement value a1 of the second test piece at this time; 3) Continue to drive the bearing ring to be tested upward so that the probe contacts the second contact point of the raceway, and record the second measurement value a2 of the second test piece at this time; 4) The axial displacement b of the bearing ring under test between the first contact point and the second contact point is obtained through the first test piece; 5) Based on the first measurement value, the second measurement value, and the axial displacement, calculate the contact angle α of the raceway of the bearing ring to be tested using the formula: α = arctan( |a1 - a2| / b ); 6) Rotate the rotating disk by θ and repeat steps 1-5 above to obtain multiple contact angle measurements of the bearing race at different circumferential positions.

[0012] A method for measuring the nominal minor inner diameter of a tapered roller bearing ring, using any of the tapered roller bearing ring parameter testing devices described above, includes the following steps: 1) Fix the bearing ring to be tested on the rotating disk, and adjust it with a clamp so that the center of the reference end face of the bearing ring to be tested coincides with the center of the upper plane of the rotating disk; 2) Establish a measurement coordinate system: Align the probe of the third testing piece with the center of the reference end face of the small end of the bearing ring to be tested, set this point as the origin O(0,0), with the radial direction as the x-axis and the axial direction as the y-axis; 3) Use the probe of the third testing piece to measure the coordinates of two points n1 and m1 on the raceway generatrix, and record them as n1(x1, y1) and m1(x2, y2) respectively; 4) Calculate the slope k of the raceway generatrix based on the coordinates of the two points, k = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1), and then calculate the small inner diameter E. The calculation formula is: E = 2 × |x1 - y1 / k|; 5) Drive the rotating disk to rotate by a set angle, and repeat steps 3 to 4 to obtain the measurement values ​​of multiple small inner diameters E at different circumferential positions of the bearing ring to be tested.

[0013] A method for measuring the root width of the large flange of a tapered roller bearing race: The measurement is performed using any of the tapered roller bearing race parameter testing devices described above, and includes the following steps: 1) Fix the bearing ring to be tested on the rotating disk, and adjust it with a clamp so that the center of the reference end face of the bearing ring to be tested coincides with the center of the upper plane of the rotating disk; 2) Establish a measurement coordinate system: Align the probe of the third testing piece with the center of the reference end face of the collar, set this point as the origin O(0,0), with the radial direction as the x-axis and the axial direction as the y-axis; 3) Use the probe of the third testing piece to measure four points on the two generatrices at the root of the flange: Two points n2 and m2 on the first generatrix have coordinates n2(x3, y3) and m2(x4, y4) respectively. The first generatrix is ​​the generatrix of the flange cone surface of the bearing ring to be tested. Two points n3 and m3 on the second generatrix have coordinates n3(x5, y5) and m3(x6, y6) respectively. The second generatrix is ​​the raceway generatrix of the bearing ring to be tested. 4) Calculate the slope k1 of the first generatrix based on the coordinates of points n2 and m2, k1 = (y4 - y3) / (x4 - x3); calculate the slope k2 of the second generatrix based on the coordinates of points n3 and m3, k2 = (y6 - y5) / (x6 - x5); 5) Calculate the coordinates (x, y) of the intersection point P of the two generatrices. p , y p The calculation formula is: x p = [ (y5 - y3) - k2x5 + k1x3 ] / (k1 - k2), y p= k1 (x p - x3) + y3; 6) Calculate the axial distance from the intersection point P to the reference end face, which gives the root width a0 of the flange, a0 = |y p |; 7) Drive the rotating disk to rotate by a set angle, and repeat steps 3 to 6 to obtain the measured values ​​of the root width a0 of multiple flanges at different positions in the circumferential direction of the bearing race to be tested.

[0014] Beneficial effects This invention abandons the traditional indirect qualitative method of comparing with standard parts. By directly measuring the displacement of the device or collecting spatial coordinates, combined with a clear geometric analytical formula, the precise values ​​of the contact angle, small inner diameter E, and width a0 can be directly calculated, and the measurement results are objective and accurate.

[0015] This invention allows for the measurement of multiple key parameters using a single device by changing different testing components (a second or third testing component). Compared to sending workpieces to a metrology center for use with instruments such as profilometers, this device offers a simpler and faster testing process, making it particularly suitable for on-site process inspection and quality control.

[0016] This invention, by driving a rotary disc to rotate in increments, allows for convenient and repeated measurements at multiple angular positions on the circumference of the bearing ring, thereby obtaining the distribution data of various parameters over the entire circumference. This not only determines whether the dimensions of a single position are qualified, but also effectively evaluates the stability of the machining process, such as the uniformity of turning or grinding, and provides data basis for predicting the rotational accuracy of the bearing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of measuring the outer ring contact angle using a tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of inner ring contact angle measurement using a tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the geometric relationships in contact angle measurement; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the geometric relationship in measuring the angle between the raceway generatrix and its centerline. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the geometric relationship in the measurement of the nominal inner diameter of the outer ring; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the geometric relationship in measuring the root width of the large flange of the conical surface; The markings in the diagram are: 1. Lifting plate, 2. Thrust support, 201. Chassis, 202. Top plate, 3. Rotary motor, 4. Lifting motor, 5. Lead screw, 6. Rotary plate, 7. Dial indicator, 701. Probe, 8. Bracket, 9. Bearing ring to be tested, 10. Three-jaw chuck. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Detection device like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a device for detecting the parameters of tapered roller bearing rings, which mainly includes: The lifting drive and measurement unit is driven by the lifting motor 4 to rotate the lead screw 5, which in turn drives the lifting plate 1, which is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut, to move precisely up and down in the vertical direction. The scale body of the first detection component (a grating ruler is used in this embodiment, which is not shown separately in the figure) is connected to the lifting plate 1, and the reading head is connected to the fixed base. It is used to detect and provide feedback on the axial displacement of the lifting plate 1 in real time and with high precision.

[0020] The rotating support unit, with the rotating disk 6 supported on the lifting disk 1 by the thrust support 2, comprises a base 201 fixed to the lifting disk 1 and a top disk 202 fixed under the rotating disk 6. The opposing surfaces of the two disks are provided with raceways, and steel balls evenly spaced by cages are embedded within, allowing the rotating disk 6 to rotate freely with low friction under axial loads. The output shaft of the rotary motor 3 drives the rotating disk 6 to rotate precisely around its axis via a key connection.

[0021] The workpiece clamping unit has a three-jaw chuck 10 mounted on the rotary disk 6 for quick positioning and clamping of the bearing ring 9 to be tested, ensuring that its reference end face (large end) fits well with the upper plane of the rotary disk 6 and that the center is aligned.

[0022] The parameter detection unit includes a fixed support 8. Depending on the parameter to be measured, a second detection component, such as a dial indicator 7, or a third detection component, such as a coordinate measuring machine, can be installed. The dial indicator is used for contact displacement measurement, and its probe 701 can be perpendicularly pointed to the upper plane of the rotating disk 9. The coordinate measuring machine is used for non-contact or contact spatial coordinate acquisition.

[0023] II. Measurement of contact angle α like Figure 1 As shown, the outer ring reference end face of the bearing race 9 to be tested is mounted downwards on the three-jaw chuck 10. The dial indicator 7 is mounted on the bracket 8, and its measuring head 701 is adjusted so that it is vertically downwards and aligned with the vicinity of the large end of the outer ring raceway.

[0024] Then start the lifting motor 4 to slowly raise the lifting plate 1, causing the outer ring to move upward. When the probe 701 contacts the first contact point M on the large end side of the raceway ( Figure 3 Record the reading a1 of dial indicator 7 at this point. Continue to raise the lifting plate 1. When the probe 701 slides along the inclined surface of the raceway to the second contact point N on the small end side, record the new reading a2 of dial indicator 7. Read the axial displacement b of the lifting plate 1 from point M to point N using a grating ruler.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, in right triangle MNP, ∠NMP is the contact angle α to be measured, MN is the raceway contact segment, NP is radial, and MP is axial. Based on geometric relationships: tanα = NP / MP. Where MP is the axial displacement b, and NP is the radial displacement difference of the probe during the two contacts, |a1 - a2|. Therefore, the contact angle is calculated as: α = arctan(|a1 - a2| / b).

[0026] After completing the measurement at one position, control the rotary motor 3 to drive the rotary disk 6 and the outer ring to rotate through a set angle θ. Repeat steps 2-3 to obtain the contact angle α at multiple positions on the outer ring circumference, which is used to evaluate its circumferential uniformity.

[0027] III. Measurement of the angle β between the inner raceway generatrix and its centerline like Figure 2 As shown, install the inner ring with the reference end face (large end) facing upwards. Adjust the dial indicator 7 probe 701 to contact the inner ring raceway. The measurement principle and process are similar to the measurement of the outer ring described above, and the corresponding geometric relationships are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the axial displacement b' between two points on the inner raceway and the difference in dial indicator readings |a'1 - a'2| were measured.

[0028] The formula for calculating the angle β between the inner raceway generatrix and its centerline is: β = arctan( |a'1 - a'2| / b' ).

[0029] IV. Measurement of the nominal small inner diameter E of the outer ring A coordinate measuring machine (CMM) is used as the third inspection component to replace the dial indicator. The outer ring is mounted on the three-jaw chuck 10 and aligned so that the center of its reference end face coincides with the center of the rotating disk 6. A two-dimensional coordinate system is established: (e.g., ...) Figure 5 As shown, the origin (0,0) is the center O of the reference end face of the small end of the collar, the radial direction is the x-axis, and the axial direction is the y-axis.

[0030] The coordinates of any two points n1 and m1 on the raceway generatrix are measured using the probe of the third inspection piece, denoted as n1(x1, y1) and m1(x2, y2). Since the raceway generatrix is ​​a straight line, its equation can be determined using the two-point equation. The smaller inner diameter E is the diameter at the intersection point where the raceway generatrix is ​​extended to intersect the small end face (the y=0 plane). Therefore, the slope of the raceway generatrix is ​​first calculated: k = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1). Then, the x-coordinate of the intersection point of the generatrix and y=0 is calculated. Substituting y=0 into the point-slope equation y - y1 = k(x - x1), the x-coordinate of the intersection point is obtained as x = x1 - y1 / k. The absolute value of this value, |x|, is the radius of the small end inner hole. The nominal smaller inner diameter E is: E = 2|x| = 2|x1 - y1 / k|.

[0031] By rotating the outer ring and repeating the coordinate measurements and calculations at different circumferential positions, a series of E values ​​are obtained.

[0032] V. Measurement of the width a0 at the root of the large flange of the inner conical surface A coordinate measuring machine (CMM) is used as the third inspection component to replace the dial indicator. The inner ring is installed and aligned. A coordinate system is established: (e.g., ...) Figure 6 As shown, the origin O(0,0) is the center of the inner ring reference end face (large end face), the radial direction is the x-axis, and the axial direction is the positive y-axis.

[0033] The measurement determines the location of the root of the flange. The first is the generatrix of the flange cone surface (…). Figure 6 The first line is the n2m2 line, and the second line is the raceway busbar (m2m2 line). The third line is the raceway busbar (m2m2 line). Figure 6 (m3m3 line), measure two points on it: n3(x5,y5) and m3(x6,y6). The width a0 at the root of the flange is theoretically defined as the axial distance from the intersection of the flange cone surface and the extended raceway surface to the reference end face. First, calculate the slopes of the two generatrices respectively: The slope of the side support generatrix is ​​k1 = (y4 - y3) / (x4 - x3). The slope of the raceway generatrix is ​​k2 = (y6 - y5) / (x6 - x5).

[0034] Then, solve the point-slope form equations of the two lines simultaneously, and find the coordinates (x, y) of their intersection point P. p , y p ): y p - y3 = k1(x p - x3) y p - y5 = k2(x p - x5) Solving for xp, we get: xp = [(y5 - y3) - k2x5 + k1x3] / (k1 - k2) y p = k1*(x p - x3) + y3 The axial distance from the final intersection point P to the reference end face (the y=0 plane) is the root width a0 of the flange, i.e., a0 = |y p |

[0035] Rotate the inner ring and repeat the above measurements and calculations at different angular positions to obtain the circumferential distribution data of a0.

Claims

1. A device for detecting parameters of tapered roller bearing rings, characterized in that: include The lifting platform (1) is distributed horizontally and can be raised and lowered vertically; A rotating disk (6) is concentrically and rotatably mounted on a lifting disk (1). The rotating disk (6) is equipped with a clamp for clamping the bearing ring (9) to be measured. The first testing component is used to detect the lifting displacement of the lifting plate (1); The second or third testing element is used to obtain testing data related to the contact angle of the bearing ring (9) by contacting the raceway of the bearing ring (9) under test and measuring the displacement. The third testing element is used to obtain testing data related to the small inner diameter and / or flange width of the bearing ring (9) under test by measuring the spatial coordinates of the point on the generatrix of the raceway of the bearing ring (9).

2. The tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting plate (1) is provided with a thrust support (2) for supporting the rotating plate (6). The thrust support (2) includes a base plate (201) fixed on the lifting plate (1) and a top plate (202) fixed on the rotating plate (6). The base plate (201) and the top plate (202) are provided with raceways on opposite sides, and multiple steel balls are provided in the raceways at intervals through a retainer.

3. The tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rotary motor (3) and a lifting motor (4). The output shaft of the rotary motor (3) is connected to the rotary disk (6) by a key. The output shaft of the lifting motor (4) is connected to a lead screw (5), which is connected to a nut set on the lifting disk (1).

4. The tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first testing component is a grating ruler or a magnetic grating ruler, whose body is connected to the lifting plate (1) and whose reading head is connected to the fixed base. The second testing component is a dial indicator (7) or a ten-thousand-count indicator. The third testing component is a coordinate measuring machine.

5. The tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck is a three-jaw chuck (10).

6. The tapered roller bearing ring parameter detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bracket (8), which is used to fix the second or third test piece.

7. A method for measuring the contact angle of a tapered roller bearing ring, characterized in that: The measurement is performed using a tapered roller bearing ring parameter testing device as described in any one of claims 1-4, comprising the following steps: 1) Fix the bearing race (9) to be tested on the rotating disk (6) and adjust the probe (701) of the second test piece to a position close to the raceway of the race; 2) Drive the bearing ring (9) to be tested to move upward along its axis by lifting plate (1) so that the probe (701) contacts the raceway at the first contact point and record the first measurement value a1 of the second test piece at this time; 3) Continue to drive the bearing ring (9) to be tested upward so that the probe (701) contacts the second contact point of the raceway and record the second measurement value a2 of the second test piece at this time; 4) The axial displacement b of the bearing ring (9) under test between the first contact point and the second contact point is obtained through the first test piece; 5) Based on the first measurement value, the second measurement value and the axial displacement, the contact angle α of the raceway of the bearing ring (9) to be tested is calculated by the formula: α = arctan( |a1 - a2| / b ); 6) Rotate the rotating disk (6) to rotate θ, and repeat steps 1-5 above to obtain multiple contact angle measurements of the bearing ring (9) at different circumferential positions.

8. A method for measuring the nominal minor inner diameter of a tapered roller bearing ring, characterized in that: The measurement is performed using the tapered roller bearing ring parameter testing device as described in any one of claims 14, comprising the following steps: 1) Fix the bearing ring (9) to be tested on the rotating disk (6), and adjust it by using a clamp so that the center of the reference end face of the bearing ring (9) to be tested coincides with the center of the upper plane of the rotating disk (6); 2) Establish a measurement coordinate system: Align the probe (701) of the third test piece with the center of the small end reference face of the bearing ring (9) to be tested, set this point as the origin O(0,0), with the radial direction as the x-axis and the axial direction as the y-axis; 3) Use the probe (701) of the third detection piece to measure the coordinates of two points n1 and m1 on the raceway generatrix, and record them as n1(x1, y1) and m1(x2, y2) respectively; 4) Calculate the slope k of the raceway generatrix based on the coordinates of the two points, k = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1), and then calculate the small inner diameter E. The calculation formula is: E = 2 × |x1 - y1 / k|; 5) Drive the rotating disk (6) to rotate by a set angle, and repeat steps 3 to 4 to obtain the measurement values ​​of multiple small inner diameters E of the bearing ring (9) at different circumferential positions.

9. A method for measuring the root width of the large flange of the tapered surface of a tapered roller bearing ring, characterized in that: The measurement is performed using the tapered roller bearing ring parameter testing device as described in any one of claims 14, comprising the following steps: 1) Fix the bearing ring (9) to be tested on the rotating disk (6), and adjust it by using a clamp so that the center of the reference end face of the bearing ring (9) to be tested coincides with the center of the upper plane of the rotating disk (6); 2) Establish a measurement coordinate system: Align the probe (701) of the third testing piece with the center of the reference end face of the collar, set this point as the origin O(0,0), with the radial direction as the x-axis and the axial direction as the y-axis; 3) Use the probe (701) of the third testing piece to measure four points on the two generatrices at the root of the flange: Two points n2 and m2 on the first generatrix have coordinates n2(x3, y3) and m2(x4, y4) respectively. The first generatrix is ​​the generatrix of the flange cone surface of the bearing ring (9) to be tested. Two points n3 and m3 on the second generatrix have coordinates n3(x5, y5) and m3(x6, y6) respectively. The second generatrix is ​​the raceway generatrix of the bearing ring (9) to be tested. 4) Calculate the slope k1 of the first generatrix based on the coordinates of points n2 and m2, k1 = (y4 - y3) / (x4 - x3); calculate the slope k2 of the second generatrix based on the coordinates of points n3 and m3, k2 = (y6 - y5) / (x6 - x5); 5) Calculate the coordinates (x, y) of the intersection point P of the two generatrices. p , y p The calculation formula is: x p = [(y5 - y3) - k2x5 + k1x3] / (k1 - k2) y p = k1 (x p - x3) + y3; 6) Calculate the axial distance from the intersection point P to the reference end face, which gives the root width a0 of the flange, a0 = |y p |; 7) Drive the rotating disk (6) to rotate by a set angle, and repeat steps 3 to 6 to obtain the measured values ​​of the root width a0 of multiple flanges of the bearing ring (9) at different positions in the circumference.

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